CA2615196A1 - Paint composition - Google Patents
Paint composition Download PDFInfo
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- CA2615196A1 CA2615196A1 CA002615196A CA2615196A CA2615196A1 CA 2615196 A1 CA2615196 A1 CA 2615196A1 CA 002615196 A CA002615196 A CA 002615196A CA 2615196 A CA2615196 A CA 2615196A CA 2615196 A1 CA2615196 A1 CA 2615196A1
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- water
- alkali soluble
- polymer
- paint composition
- composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/06—Artists' paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
Abstract
There is described a water-based paint composition comprising least one pigment; at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11: a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
A method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition and a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition are also described.
A method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition and a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition are also described.
Description
Paint Composition Field of the Invention This inventioii relates to water based artists' pain.ts and more particularly to improved water based artists' paint compositions.
IiacWound to the Iuvenfian Acrylic paints dry as water leaves the paint. As water evaporates or is absorbed by the substrate to which the paint is applied, acrylic polymer particles coalesce into a continuous adhesive film. Within a relatively short period of time, approximately 10 to minutes, a skin forms over the outer surface of the paint film. At this stage the paint film is said to be "dry to the touch". The thicker films continue to dry over time, the length of time varying with the thickness of the flm. For very thin films this may be a few minutes, while films half a centimetre in thickness or more may take weeks or 15 months.
Once the skin has formed over the paint film, the film can no longer be worked.
The artist is not able to change and adapt what is taking place on the canvas using traditional techniques. Although the touch dry film could be painted over, the "wet in wet" pa'niting techniques are severely cuttailed. The term "wet in wet" is used by persons skilled in the art to refer to painting techniques by which the artist creatively works and develops the wet paint on the substrate, adding, blending and alter'vag the appearance over time to achieve the desired artistic result.
Temperature, hu.midity and air flow are environmental factors that influence the drying times of acrylic paint compositions. The time taken for a paint fihn to skin over can be extended somewhat by reducing air-flow, lowering temperature and inereasing humidity. Manipulating such environmental factors may not always be possible or practical. Low temperatures (below about 9 C) may interfere with coalescence of the polymer particles resulting in paint film cracking, becoming powdery or failing to adhere to the substrate. Optimum humidity may be difficult to determine and maintain.
The nature of the substrate also influences the dryi:ng time of acrylic paint compositions. An absorbent substcate will draw moisture out of the paint composition and speed drying time. Sealing the substrate to reduce absorbency or selecting a nonabsorbent substrate such as metal or masonite will reduce the moisture lost through the substrate. Using a moist substrate can also reduce moisture lost through the substrate and increase humidity in the environment of the paint. -By soaking the back of a canvas with water or, attaching wet rags or sponges to the back of a canvas, for example, the rate of drying of the paint f$lm can be reduced. This technique has limitations and the water may also wash irnpurities out of the canvas into the paint film causing discoloration.
Humectants, such as glycerin or propylene glycol may be used as paint additives to extend the time taken for a paint fdni to skin over. As paint additives however, humectants tend to linger in the paint film. They can remain tacky and adversely affect outer coat adhesion. Most importantly they do not prevent fast drying of thin films of paint.
Disclosure of the Invention The invention relates to a water-based paint containing at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer, the improvement comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substituted amine in an. amount effeotive to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11.
In one aspect the present invention provides a water-based paint composition comprising: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of Cz.6 alcohol amines, C1_6 alkyl Cl-b alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or allcali swellable thickener.
The composition also optionally includes one or more conventional additives such as dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives.
The term "open time" as used herein means the time during which the paint composition remaans workable such that it may be blended and altered.
3o The present inventor has surprisingly found that the period during which a water-based acrylic paint composition remains workable, i.e. the open time of the paint, can be significantly extended to free the artist to develop the artistic work over many hours. Rather than developing a paint skin in the normal way, within about 10 minutes, the .composition sets gradually over time_ Wet paint may therefore be appiied over paint already on a sutistxate and may be blended with it and into it, giving artists time to create complex paintings while working at their own pace and with ample opportunity to revise aiid alter their work before it becomes fixed. The open time can be .extended for several hours and for as long as a day by using the composition of the invention and by periodically applying water to the paint film for example by sprinkling or spraying.
The conventional acrylic binder, namely a water dispersible polymer, is prevented from forming a skin as the water evaporates. Whilst not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the alkali soluble polymer forms a coating around the dispersion polymer particles preventirig coalescence of those particles. A water resistant film is formed only when the amine evaporates and the alkali soluble polymers themselves become water resistant.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method of extending the open tirne of a water-based acrylic paint composition comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount of effective to increase the open time of the composition said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambieAt temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; and at least one substituted amine in an anzount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11 and optionally, periodically applying water to the composition.
Alkali Soluble Polymer As used herein, the term "alkali soluble polymer" means a polymer which is capable of being solubilized at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution where the pH is alkaline. The solubilization pH of the alkali-soluble polymer is generally in the order of from about 7 to about 11. Preferably the solubilisation pH is in the order of from about 7.5 to about 10, more preferably about 7.5 to about 9.5. An alkali soluble polymer has at least one acidic or anion producing group.
Examples of anion producing groups include but are not .limited to earboxylic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, active imido and sulfonamide.
The alkali soluble polymer is made to serve as au auxiliary binder and is not a conventional ingredient in acrylic paints.
The proportion of alkali soluble polymer can be varied to manipulate the drying time of the paint composition. The higher the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer, the longer the drying time as long as a slow-evaporating amine is also present (as discussed below).
For a paint composition with a feel similar to a conventional acrylic artists' paint the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5 to 1:10. In a 200L batch of paint for example where 80kg/200L of water dispersible acrylic binder is used and about 10kg/200L of alkali soluble or alk.ali swellable thickener, the amount of alkali soluble polymer may be in the range of about 4-20 kg/200L, preferably 8-15 kg/200L, more preferably 8-12 kg/200L and most preferably 8-10kg/200L. This equates to ratios of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer of from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5.33 to 1:10, more preferably from about 1:6.66 to 1:10 and most preferably from about 1:8 to 1:10.
For a paint composition with a feel more like a traditional gouache a ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:1 to 1:3, preferably about about 3:4. This ratio gives a tough paint film which is less brittle and more flexibile than a conventional guache but can still be applied thickly if desired.
Artists may wish to use paints in several different ways or techniques in the same painting and the paint is usually applied in successive layers. An artist may sometimes want a layer of paint to dry qu.ickly, but more often wants to extend the open time, and being able to control what is happening is desixable.
A paint as described above with 80kg water dispersible acrylic binder per 200L
and 8-12kg of alkali soluble binder does not form a skin and can be kept "open" by spraying with a water atomiser from time to time as water evaporates and the paint becomes tacky. Mediums can also be used to give the artists even more control.
Tor faster drying, a medium made from water dispersible acrylic polymer applied to a paint film will swing the balance towards fast film formation, while for a slower drying paint, a medium made from alkali soluble polymer/ substituted amine swings the balance in the opposite direction.
In a preferred embodiment therefore, the invention provides a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substitated amine in an amount effective to adjust the pT-T to about 7-11 and periodically applying to the composition one or more of:
(a) water;
(b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted ami.ne in. an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7-11; and (c) a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
.35 Suitable commercially available alkali soluble polymers are flexographic ink polymers such as those manufactured by Rohm & Haas under the names Lucxdene TM
.361 and Lucidene TM 602 LS, and Acrysol 1-62. Also suitable are GlascolTM
LS16, and the LE 500 series - LE 510, LE 520 and LE 530 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals and Joncryl 142 TM manufactured by Johnson Wax Co.
IiacWound to the Iuvenfian Acrylic paints dry as water leaves the paint. As water evaporates or is absorbed by the substrate to which the paint is applied, acrylic polymer particles coalesce into a continuous adhesive film. Within a relatively short period of time, approximately 10 to minutes, a skin forms over the outer surface of the paint film. At this stage the paint film is said to be "dry to the touch". The thicker films continue to dry over time, the length of time varying with the thickness of the flm. For very thin films this may be a few minutes, while films half a centimetre in thickness or more may take weeks or 15 months.
Once the skin has formed over the paint film, the film can no longer be worked.
The artist is not able to change and adapt what is taking place on the canvas using traditional techniques. Although the touch dry film could be painted over, the "wet in wet" pa'niting techniques are severely cuttailed. The term "wet in wet" is used by persons skilled in the art to refer to painting techniques by which the artist creatively works and develops the wet paint on the substrate, adding, blending and alter'vag the appearance over time to achieve the desired artistic result.
Temperature, hu.midity and air flow are environmental factors that influence the drying times of acrylic paint compositions. The time taken for a paint fihn to skin over can be extended somewhat by reducing air-flow, lowering temperature and inereasing humidity. Manipulating such environmental factors may not always be possible or practical. Low temperatures (below about 9 C) may interfere with coalescence of the polymer particles resulting in paint film cracking, becoming powdery or failing to adhere to the substrate. Optimum humidity may be difficult to determine and maintain.
The nature of the substrate also influences the dryi:ng time of acrylic paint compositions. An absorbent substcate will draw moisture out of the paint composition and speed drying time. Sealing the substrate to reduce absorbency or selecting a nonabsorbent substrate such as metal or masonite will reduce the moisture lost through the substrate. Using a moist substrate can also reduce moisture lost through the substrate and increase humidity in the environment of the paint. -By soaking the back of a canvas with water or, attaching wet rags or sponges to the back of a canvas, for example, the rate of drying of the paint f$lm can be reduced. This technique has limitations and the water may also wash irnpurities out of the canvas into the paint film causing discoloration.
Humectants, such as glycerin or propylene glycol may be used as paint additives to extend the time taken for a paint fdni to skin over. As paint additives however, humectants tend to linger in the paint film. They can remain tacky and adversely affect outer coat adhesion. Most importantly they do not prevent fast drying of thin films of paint.
Disclosure of the Invention The invention relates to a water-based paint containing at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer, the improvement comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substituted amine in an. amount effeotive to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11.
In one aspect the present invention provides a water-based paint composition comprising: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of Cz.6 alcohol amines, C1_6 alkyl Cl-b alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or allcali swellable thickener.
The composition also optionally includes one or more conventional additives such as dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives.
The term "open time" as used herein means the time during which the paint composition remaans workable such that it may be blended and altered.
3o The present inventor has surprisingly found that the period during which a water-based acrylic paint composition remains workable, i.e. the open time of the paint, can be significantly extended to free the artist to develop the artistic work over many hours. Rather than developing a paint skin in the normal way, within about 10 minutes, the .composition sets gradually over time_ Wet paint may therefore be appiied over paint already on a sutistxate and may be blended with it and into it, giving artists time to create complex paintings while working at their own pace and with ample opportunity to revise aiid alter their work before it becomes fixed. The open time can be .extended for several hours and for as long as a day by using the composition of the invention and by periodically applying water to the paint film for example by sprinkling or spraying.
The conventional acrylic binder, namely a water dispersible polymer, is prevented from forming a skin as the water evaporates. Whilst not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the alkali soluble polymer forms a coating around the dispersion polymer particles preventirig coalescence of those particles. A water resistant film is formed only when the amine evaporates and the alkali soluble polymers themselves become water resistant.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method of extending the open tirne of a water-based acrylic paint composition comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount of effective to increase the open time of the composition said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambieAt temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; and at least one substituted amine in an anzount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11 and optionally, periodically applying water to the composition.
Alkali Soluble Polymer As used herein, the term "alkali soluble polymer" means a polymer which is capable of being solubilized at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution where the pH is alkaline. The solubilization pH of the alkali-soluble polymer is generally in the order of from about 7 to about 11. Preferably the solubilisation pH is in the order of from about 7.5 to about 10, more preferably about 7.5 to about 9.5. An alkali soluble polymer has at least one acidic or anion producing group.
Examples of anion producing groups include but are not .limited to earboxylic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, active imido and sulfonamide.
The alkali soluble polymer is made to serve as au auxiliary binder and is not a conventional ingredient in acrylic paints.
The proportion of alkali soluble polymer can be varied to manipulate the drying time of the paint composition. The higher the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer, the longer the drying time as long as a slow-evaporating amine is also present (as discussed below).
For a paint composition with a feel similar to a conventional acrylic artists' paint the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5 to 1:10. In a 200L batch of paint for example where 80kg/200L of water dispersible acrylic binder is used and about 10kg/200L of alkali soluble or alk.ali swellable thickener, the amount of alkali soluble polymer may be in the range of about 4-20 kg/200L, preferably 8-15 kg/200L, more preferably 8-12 kg/200L and most preferably 8-10kg/200L. This equates to ratios of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer of from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5.33 to 1:10, more preferably from about 1:6.66 to 1:10 and most preferably from about 1:8 to 1:10.
For a paint composition with a feel more like a traditional gouache a ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:1 to 1:3, preferably about about 3:4. This ratio gives a tough paint film which is less brittle and more flexibile than a conventional guache but can still be applied thickly if desired.
Artists may wish to use paints in several different ways or techniques in the same painting and the paint is usually applied in successive layers. An artist may sometimes want a layer of paint to dry qu.ickly, but more often wants to extend the open time, and being able to control what is happening is desixable.
A paint as described above with 80kg water dispersible acrylic binder per 200L
and 8-12kg of alkali soluble binder does not form a skin and can be kept "open" by spraying with a water atomiser from time to time as water evaporates and the paint becomes tacky. Mediums can also be used to give the artists even more control.
Tor faster drying, a medium made from water dispersible acrylic polymer applied to a paint film will swing the balance towards fast film formation, while for a slower drying paint, a medium made from alkali soluble polymer/ substituted amine swings the balance in the opposite direction.
In a preferred embodiment therefore, the invention provides a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substitated amine in an amount effective to adjust the pT-T to about 7-11 and periodically applying to the composition one or more of:
(a) water;
(b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted ami.ne in. an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7-11; and (c) a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
.35 Suitable commercially available alkali soluble polymers are flexographic ink polymers such as those manufactured by Rohm & Haas under the names Lucxdene TM
.361 and Lucidene TM 602 LS, and Acrysol 1-62. Also suitable are GlascolTM
LS16, and the LE 500 series - LE 510, LE 520 and LE 530 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals and Joncryl 142 TM manufactured by Johnson Wax Co.
5 Substituted Amine Substituted amines are included in amounts sufficient to neutralise the composition to a pH in the range of about 7 to about 11. Preferably the pH is in the range of from about 7.5 to 10, more preferably about 7.5 to 9.5. Suitable amines include C1.6 alcohol annines .' and C1.6 alkyl CI_6 alcohol amines such as aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolainine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof. AMP and TEA and mixtures thereof are preferred. Substitnted amines are selected so as to slow the evaporation of the amines thereby extending the time in which the binders and thickeners (those which are water soluble or swellable under alkali conditions) may remain in solution.
Dispersible Acrylic Polymer The present invention includes at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
These polymers are conventional binders for acrylic paints, well known to those slcilled in the art. Suitable polymers include water dispersible polymers containing one or inore monomers selected from styrene, acrylates, alkylarylates and dienes.
Polymers including acrylate, methacrylate and methyl methacrylate monomers are common.
The selection of water dipersible acrylic binder and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within- the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Examples of suitable commercially available water dispersible acrylic polymers are PR 3230, ae 2235, ACI-1955 and Primal SF-017 manufaetured by Rohm & Haas.
Also suitable is Acrona1290D manufactured by BASF.
The water dispersible aciylic polymer is present in the composition of the invention in a binding effective amount. A "binding effective amount" of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer will be understood to mean that the at least one water dispersible polymer is present in an amount so that in combination with the at least one alkali polymer discussed above, it tivill bind the pigment particles together into a cohesive paint film upon drying.
Dispersible Acrylic Polymer The present invention includes at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
These polymers are conventional binders for acrylic paints, well known to those slcilled in the art. Suitable polymers include water dispersible polymers containing one or inore monomers selected from styrene, acrylates, alkylarylates and dienes.
Polymers including acrylate, methacrylate and methyl methacrylate monomers are common.
The selection of water dipersible acrylic binder and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within- the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Examples of suitable commercially available water dispersible acrylic polymers are PR 3230, ae 2235, ACI-1955 and Primal SF-017 manufaetured by Rohm & Haas.
Also suitable is Acrona1290D manufactured by BASF.
The water dispersible aciylic polymer is present in the composition of the invention in a binding effective amount. A "binding effective amount" of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer will be understood to mean that the at least one water dispersible polymer is present in an amount so that in combination with the at least one alkali polymer discussed above, it tivill bind the pigment particles together into a cohesive paint film upon drying.
Thickener One or more alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickeners are included in the composition of the present invention.. Such thickeners typically comprise the aqueous emulsion reaction product of an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, e.g., methacrylic acid; a moizoethylenically unsaturated monomer different from the carboxylic acid monomer, e.g. ethyl acrylate; a macromonomer coxaaprising a hydrophobic portion and an alkoxylated portion which is polymerizable with the other monomers; and a monomer having latent crosslinking funetionality. Suitable thickeners include UCAR 146 and UCAR Polyphobe TR115, manufactured by Union Carbide and Acrysol DRW 1, Acrysol DR-73, Acrysol ASE 60 manufactured by Rohm &
Haas.
The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigmeilts being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The selection of alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Pigment One or more pigments may be included in the composition. Pigmentation provides colour and opacity and may contribute to other properties of the paint composition. A person skilled in the art will be aware that pigment particle size and shape, ease of wettabi.lity or properties relating to specific density contribute to the viscosity and application characteristics of the wet paint composition and ultimately properties of the dried paint coatings. A person skilled. in the art will therefore appreciate that the choice of pigment will have an effect on the choice of other ingredients such as thickeners.
It is well- within the skill of the addressee to determine the appzopriate selection of pigment and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
Colour pigments may be organic or inorganic compounds, natural or synthetic and these may be used separately or in combination. Titanium dioxide is a conunon white pigment with a high refractive index and excellent hiding power (the ability to render a paint opaque). It is frequently used with both coloured organic and inorganic pigments. Iron oxides range in colour from yellow and red to brown and black.
Azo pigments are a common class of organic colour pigments. Pigments called "extender"
pigmealts may be used in conjunction with other pigments. The use of extender pigments reduces shrinkage stresses witliin the paint film and increases the pigment volume content at relatively low cost. Extender pigments include those based on carbonates, silicates, sulfates, barytes 'and mica. The use of extender pigments aids in viscosity and flow control and reinforces the dry film strength.
Dispersant The cornposition of the present invention may include one or more dispersants.
These are conventional ingredients used to enhance pigment loading and dispersion stability. The dispersant may be nonionic or anionic surfactants. Anionic surfactants are preferred. Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers include sadium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium polyoxyethyleue lauryl ether sulfate, sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate and other diphenylsulfonate derivatives, and sodium salt of tert-octylphenoxyethoxypoly(39) ethoxyethyl sulfate.
Suitable anionic surfactants are manufactured by Rohm & Haas under the trade marks Orotan 1124, Orotan 1288, Orotan 731 DP and Orotan 850.
The skilled addressee is able to determine the appropriate selection of dispersants and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
Other Additives The composition also optiortally includes one or more conventional additives such as rheology modifiers, defoazners, coalescents and preservatives.
Best Modes for Performing the Invention The invention will now be further discussed with reference to the following exa7nples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative and not restrictive.
Example 1.
Ingredient Function Quantity Quinacridone Magenta Pigment 20kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersant Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant 4kg Inc Anionic Dispersant Acrysol 162 ohm & Haas) Auxiliary $kg Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer Binder Calcium Carbonate Extender 501c PR3230 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80kg Acrylic Dispersion Propylene Glycol Freeze/thaw 6 kg stability TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 21cg Allcali Swellable Rheology Modifier Modifier Acrysol DRl (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Modifier Aorysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 8-10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water q.s. 200L
Example 2 In edient Function QuantiPerinone Orange Pigment 10kg Re~,uainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pigment Exam le 3 3. Terre Verte Ptbalo Blue Pigment: 4 kg Raw Sienna Pigment: 68.25kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magen.ta .
pigment or calcium carbonate Example 4 4. Blue Black Pthalo Blue 10kg Carbon Black 2.5kg Remainder as per Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta i ent Example 5 5. Ultramarine Blue Pigment 100kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pi2j!ent or calcium carbonate The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The alkali swellable thickener in the examples may be substituted with other conventional alkali swellable thickeners as discussed above.
The amount of Alkali Soluble Ink polymer may be varied to control the rate of drying. For Acrysol 1-62 in the examples above amounts may be varied from about 4kg to about.20kg/200L. Preferred amounts are from 8-15 kg/200L more preferably 8-12 kg/200L. Less than 4kg does not achieve the desired effect.
The paint making process is the same for any colour and is the conventional procedure which may be siunmarised as follows.
Stage 1: Load: Add water, dispersants, some defoamer as required to control against foam and alkali soluble ink polymer and under agitation using a cavitation mixer such as a TORRACE rnixer, add enough substituted amine, such as MEA or TEA, to neutralize this mixture to desired pH, add the coalescent if used. A suitable defoamer is manufactured by Henkel under the trade mark Foaniaster NS-l..
Stage 2: At this point the pigment (and extender if used) is added, either in powder form; or possibly as a pre-dispersed liquid which has already been processed in a bead m.yll.
Stage 3: Add a portion of the thickener and disperse.
Stage 4: Let down: Add the acrylic binder dispersion, the rheology modifiers and remainder of the thickener and the propylene glycol.
Stage 5: Add sufficient water to make 200L and stir until the batch is uniform.
1,0 Ei xampYe 6 In edient Fnnction Quantity Quinacridone Magenta pigment Pigment 20kg Calcium Carbonate Extender 50kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersan.t) Surfymol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant 4kg Inc ,.Anionic Dispersant AC 2235 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 801cg Acrylic Dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chemical Company) Coaleseezzt 21cg Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 1.5kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohrn & Haas) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (AIIcali Swellable Thickener) Acrysol DR72 (3.tohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 2kg Atkali Swellable .Rlzeolo y Modifier Pro lene Glycol Freeze/thaw stabilizer 4k Joncryl 142 (Johnson Wax Co) Auxiliary Binder 10kg Alkali Soluble Ink Pol er AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water 200 L
Ei aeample 7 In edient P'unction Quanti Arylamide Yellow Pigment 2G X 70 Pigment 20kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersa-nt 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersant Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 4kg Chemicals inc :Anionic Dispersant AC 1-1955 Binder 80kg (.R.ohm & Haas) Alkali Soluble Acrylic Dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chemical Co) Coalescent 2kg Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohrm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 2kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Ha.a.s) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Lucidene 361 (R.ohm &Haas) Auxiliary Sind.er 10kg water-based polystyrene/acrylic emulsion (Alkali Soluble Tm-k Po1 er AMP or 1VIEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water s. 200L
Example 8 Ingredient Function Quantirty (kg) Ptha.lo Green Pigment Pigment 20kg Calcium Carbonate Extender 50kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersant Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 4kg Chemicals 7nc) Anionic Dispersant Acronal 290D (BASF) Binder 80kg Styrene/ac lic co olypaer dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chezxtical Co) Coalescent 2kg Ester alcohol Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Haas) RheoXogy Modifier 2kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohrn & Haas) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Polyphobe TR1 17 (IJnion Carbide) Thickener 1kg Joncryl 142 (Johnson Wax Co) Ata.xiliary Binder 10kg Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water g. s. 200L
Compositions were prepared according to examples I to 8 and used under studio conditions and outdoors to prepare artworks on conventional substrates using conventional palettes and brushes. It was found that "wet in wet" painting techniques could be exercised for a full day and in some portions of the artworks on a second day, provided that water sprays were used.
Key to examples 9- 31 In edient Manufacturer Quantity (Icg) Surfynol CT-171 Air Products &-Chemicals Dispersant (anionic di ersan.t Inc Orotan 1124 Rohm & Haas Dispersant (anionic dis ersant lv.[er alK10N Troy Corporation Biocide Polyphase AF3 Troy Corporation Fungicide Foamaster NS-1 Henkel Defoamer Propylene glycol Shell Petroleum Freeze/thaw stability AMP-95 Dow Chemicals Neutraliser Primal SF-017 Rohm & Haas Binder Water dispersible aciylic polymer Acrysol TT-615 Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier (alkali swellable rheology modifier) Acrysol DR-1 Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier-(alka.li swellable rheology modifier) Viscalex HV-30 Ciba S ecial Chemicals Thickener Acrysol 1-62 Rohm & Haas Auxiliary binder (alkali soluble ol er Omycarb-2 Omya-Southern Chemicals Extender (calcium carbonate) Air Products & Chemicals Non-foaming wetting agent Envirogen AD Surfactant Inc tgample 9 Ingredient nauti SurF,yriol CT-171 1 Orotan 1124 1.5 Pro lene Gl ao1 6 Merga.l Kl ON 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS- 1 0.5 Primal SF-017 8 Acr sol TT-615 1 Ac sal DR l 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac solI-62 10 Pi ent: Merlin Super Copper 50 Water s. 200L
Example 10 In redient Quanti . S ol CT-171 2 Orotan 1124 3 Pro ylene G1 col 6 Mer a1K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 = Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Primal SF-017 85 Ac sol TT-615 1 A sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pi ent: Shepherd Crreen 260 100 Water .s. 200L
Example 11 In ediemt aanti Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 1VIer al KI ON 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acr sol1-62 10 Pigment: Red 3705 50 Water g.s. 200L
Example 12 Iu ed.ient Quantity Surf ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Gl col 6 Mergal KXON 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Ozn a.carb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol Dlt-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: Pink 304/80 17.5 Pi ent: Red HFT 20 Water g.s. 200L
Example 13 Ingredient Quanti Sur ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Gl col 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foanaaster NS-1 0.5 Om acarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Ac olI-62 10 Pi ent: RCL 595 36 Pi ent: Pink 304/80 30 Water q.s. 200L
Example 14 Ingredient uanti SurF ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mer 1 K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 I
Acrysol DR-1 I
Viscalex F1V'-30 8 Ac solI-62 10 Pi ent: RCL 595 36 Pi ent: Violet C10 6.2 Water g.s. 200L
Example 15 Ingredient uanti (kg) Su ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene GI col 6 Mergal Kl ON 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Om. acarb=2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex PIV-30 11 Acr so11-62 10 Pigment: Red Fble 60 Water g.s. 200L
Example 16 In edient uant' Surf ol CT-171 0.25 Orotan 1124 0.75 Propylene Gl col 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 phase AF3 0.3 Poly Foamaster NS-1 0,5 Omyacarb-2 25 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Ac solI-62 10 Pigment: RCL 595 60 Pi ent: Blue 2gax 6.5 Pi ent: Green 1211/79 10.5 Water g.s. 200L
Example 17 13n edient uan~i Surfynol CT-171 o.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Gl col 6 Mer al K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0,5 Omyacarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Ac solI-62 10 Pi ent: RCL 595 75 Pi ent: Yellow 1811/82 2 Pi ent: Yellow C 16 10 Watez .s. 200L' Example 18 In edienY an-S ol CT-171 1.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Pro ylene Glycol 6 Mer al Kl ON 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 11 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: Black Oxide 318 70 Water g.s. 200L
Example 19 Ingredient uanti S ol CT-171 0.25 Orotan 1124 0.75 Propylene Glycol 6 Mer al K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 25 Primal SF-017 85 Acr sol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 I
Viscalek HV-30 8 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: RCL 595 150 Water .s. 200L
"Eaample 20 In edient Qnanti SurE ol CT-171 1.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Pro lene GI col 6 -Mergal K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 am -95 4.5 Primal SF-017 85 Acr sol TT-615 1 Ac ol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pi ent; RS 210 68 Water q.s. 200L
5 Examples 21-31 exemplify paint connpositions of the invention that are more like a traditional gouache.
Example 21 Absolute matte: ultramarzne blue Ingredient uan ' S nol CT-1.71 5.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Prap lene 1 col 12 lvZer a1 K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0,5 Envirogen ad surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Ac sol TT-615 I
Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HVV-30 8 Ac sol1-62 10.5 Pi ent:'ultra blue premier RX 75 Water g.s. 200L
Example 22 Absolute matte: napthol red light Ingredient Qua S ol CT-171' 4.4 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal Kl ON 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 60 primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 A sol DR 1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Acr solI-62 10 Pigment: red frll 50 Water g.s. 200L
Example 23 Absolu.te matte: cobalt turquoise li ht Quanti Ingredient Surfynol CT- 171 6 Orotan 1124 3 Propylene 1 coi 12 Mergal KION 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Ac sol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac soll-62 9 Pigment:irgacolor turquoise 22-5500p 100 Water q.s. 200L
Example 24 Absolute matte: titanium white Ingredient Quanti Surfynol CT-171 4.4 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Om acarb 2 60 Primal SF-017 40 Ac sol TT-615 1 Ac soI ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acr solI-62 10 Pigment: RCL 595 150 Water q.s. 200L
Example 25 Absolute matte: chromium green oxide Ingredient QuntitK
Surfynol CT-171 5.8 Orotan 1124 3.6 Pro lene glycol 12 Mer al KlON 0.2 FoamasterNS-1 0.5 Envixo en AD surfactant 0.2 Om acarb 2 40 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615. 1 Acrysol ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac sol1-62 10 Pi ent: green oxide g6099 80 Water .s. 200L
Ezample 26 Absolute matte: pthalo bXue (red shade) Ingredient aanti ol CT-171 4.5 Sylf Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant - 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 45 A sol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HAV-30 6 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pi ent: blue 303/81 30 Water g.s. 200L
Example 27 Absolute rnatte: pthalo een Iu edient Quantity S o1 CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 col 12 Propylene gly Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Enviro en AD surfactant 0.2 Om acarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Ac soi 7-62 10 Pi cnt: gree.n 1211/79 30 Water s. 200L
Example 28 Absolute matte: burnt umber In edienC Quantity S ol CT-171 5.6 Orotan 1124 2.4 Pro ylene 1 col 12 Mer a1,K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Ac so1I-62 8 Pigment: BU 524 80 Water cl.s. 200L
Example 29 Absolute matte: carbon black Ingredient Quanti (kg) Surf ol CT-171 4.3 Orotan 1124 0.9 Pro lene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 50 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 V'iscalex*HV-30 6 Ac solI-62 6.6 Pigment: lilack 43/77vb 30 Water g.s. 200L
5 Example 30 Absolute matte: burnt sienna Ingredient Quanti Surfynol CT-171 5.6 Orotan 1124 2.4 Pro ylene. glycol 12 Mergal Kl ON 0.2 Foarnaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR 1 1 Viscalex HV-30 7 Ac soI7-62 10 Pi ent: BS 310 80 Water g.s. 200L
Exauiple 31 Absolute matte: cobalt blue hue Ingredient uanti Surfynol CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 1'ropylene glycol 12 Mer al K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Orn acarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 45 Acr sol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac solI-62 11.5 Pi ent: RCL 595 9 Water .s. 200L
The present invention gives an artist considerably more time to develop an artistic piece while still retaining the benefits of using water-based acrytic paints (such as low amounts of volatile organic compounds, excellent colour retention and brushes being able to be washed out in water). The invention provides paint compositions with increased open time without loss of appropriate viscosity and with desirable fmal film properties once the aznine has evaporated.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that nu.merous variations and/or modifications may be made to the uavention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
Haas.
The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigmeilts being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The selection of alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Pigment One or more pigments may be included in the composition. Pigmentation provides colour and opacity and may contribute to other properties of the paint composition. A person skilled in the art will be aware that pigment particle size and shape, ease of wettabi.lity or properties relating to specific density contribute to the viscosity and application characteristics of the wet paint composition and ultimately properties of the dried paint coatings. A person skilled. in the art will therefore appreciate that the choice of pigment will have an effect on the choice of other ingredients such as thickeners.
It is well- within the skill of the addressee to determine the appzopriate selection of pigment and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
Colour pigments may be organic or inorganic compounds, natural or synthetic and these may be used separately or in combination. Titanium dioxide is a conunon white pigment with a high refractive index and excellent hiding power (the ability to render a paint opaque). It is frequently used with both coloured organic and inorganic pigments. Iron oxides range in colour from yellow and red to brown and black.
Azo pigments are a common class of organic colour pigments. Pigments called "extender"
pigmealts may be used in conjunction with other pigments. The use of extender pigments reduces shrinkage stresses witliin the paint film and increases the pigment volume content at relatively low cost. Extender pigments include those based on carbonates, silicates, sulfates, barytes 'and mica. The use of extender pigments aids in viscosity and flow control and reinforces the dry film strength.
Dispersant The cornposition of the present invention may include one or more dispersants.
These are conventional ingredients used to enhance pigment loading and dispersion stability. The dispersant may be nonionic or anionic surfactants. Anionic surfactants are preferred. Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers include sadium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium polyoxyethyleue lauryl ether sulfate, sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate and other diphenylsulfonate derivatives, and sodium salt of tert-octylphenoxyethoxypoly(39) ethoxyethyl sulfate.
Suitable anionic surfactants are manufactured by Rohm & Haas under the trade marks Orotan 1124, Orotan 1288, Orotan 731 DP and Orotan 850.
The skilled addressee is able to determine the appropriate selection of dispersants and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
Other Additives The composition also optiortally includes one or more conventional additives such as rheology modifiers, defoazners, coalescents and preservatives.
Best Modes for Performing the Invention The invention will now be further discussed with reference to the following exa7nples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative and not restrictive.
Example 1.
Ingredient Function Quantity Quinacridone Magenta Pigment 20kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersant Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant 4kg Inc Anionic Dispersant Acrysol 162 ohm & Haas) Auxiliary $kg Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer Binder Calcium Carbonate Extender 501c PR3230 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80kg Acrylic Dispersion Propylene Glycol Freeze/thaw 6 kg stability TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 21cg Allcali Swellable Rheology Modifier Modifier Acrysol DRl (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Modifier Aorysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 8-10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water q.s. 200L
Example 2 In edient Function QuantiPerinone Orange Pigment 10kg Re~,uainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pigment Exam le 3 3. Terre Verte Ptbalo Blue Pigment: 4 kg Raw Sienna Pigment: 68.25kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magen.ta .
pigment or calcium carbonate Example 4 4. Blue Black Pthalo Blue 10kg Carbon Black 2.5kg Remainder as per Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta i ent Example 5 5. Ultramarine Blue Pigment 100kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta pi2j!ent or calcium carbonate The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The alkali swellable thickener in the examples may be substituted with other conventional alkali swellable thickeners as discussed above.
The amount of Alkali Soluble Ink polymer may be varied to control the rate of drying. For Acrysol 1-62 in the examples above amounts may be varied from about 4kg to about.20kg/200L. Preferred amounts are from 8-15 kg/200L more preferably 8-12 kg/200L. Less than 4kg does not achieve the desired effect.
The paint making process is the same for any colour and is the conventional procedure which may be siunmarised as follows.
Stage 1: Load: Add water, dispersants, some defoamer as required to control against foam and alkali soluble ink polymer and under agitation using a cavitation mixer such as a TORRACE rnixer, add enough substituted amine, such as MEA or TEA, to neutralize this mixture to desired pH, add the coalescent if used. A suitable defoamer is manufactured by Henkel under the trade mark Foaniaster NS-l..
Stage 2: At this point the pigment (and extender if used) is added, either in powder form; or possibly as a pre-dispersed liquid which has already been processed in a bead m.yll.
Stage 3: Add a portion of the thickener and disperse.
Stage 4: Let down: Add the acrylic binder dispersion, the rheology modifiers and remainder of the thickener and the propylene glycol.
Stage 5: Add sufficient water to make 200L and stir until the batch is uniform.
1,0 Ei xampYe 6 In edient Fnnction Quantity Quinacridone Magenta pigment Pigment 20kg Calcium Carbonate Extender 50kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersan.t) Surfymol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant 4kg Inc ,.Anionic Dispersant AC 2235 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 801cg Acrylic Dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chemical Company) Coaleseezzt 21cg Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 1.5kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohrn & Haas) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (AIIcali Swellable Thickener) Acrysol DR72 (3.tohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 2kg Atkali Swellable .Rlzeolo y Modifier Pro lene Glycol Freeze/thaw stabilizer 4k Joncryl 142 (Johnson Wax Co) Auxiliary Binder 10kg Alkali Soluble Ink Pol er AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water 200 L
Ei aeample 7 In edient P'unction Quanti Arylamide Yellow Pigment 2G X 70 Pigment 20kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersa-nt 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersant Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 4kg Chemicals inc :Anionic Dispersant AC 1-1955 Binder 80kg (.R.ohm & Haas) Alkali Soluble Acrylic Dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chemical Co) Coalescent 2kg Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohrm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 2kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm & Ha.a.s) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Lucidene 361 (R.ohm &Haas) Auxiliary Sind.er 10kg water-based polystyrene/acrylic emulsion (Alkali Soluble Tm-k Po1 er AMP or 1VIEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water s. 200L
Example 8 Ingredient Function Quantirty (kg) Ptha.lo Green Pigment Pigment 20kg Calcium Carbonate Extender 50kg Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dis ersant Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 4kg Chemicals 7nc) Anionic Dispersant Acronal 290D (BASF) Binder 80kg Styrene/ac lic co olypaer dispersion Texanol (Eastman Chezxtical Co) Coalescent 2kg Ester alcohol Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Haas) RheoXogy Modifier 2kg Alkali Swellable Rheology Modifier Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohrn & Haas) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups (Alkali Swellable Thickener) Polyphobe TR1 17 (IJnion Carbide) Thickener 1kg Joncryl 142 (Johnson Wax Co) Ata.xiliary Binder 10kg Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer AMP or MEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water g. s. 200L
Compositions were prepared according to examples I to 8 and used under studio conditions and outdoors to prepare artworks on conventional substrates using conventional palettes and brushes. It was found that "wet in wet" painting techniques could be exercised for a full day and in some portions of the artworks on a second day, provided that water sprays were used.
Key to examples 9- 31 In edient Manufacturer Quantity (Icg) Surfynol CT-171 Air Products &-Chemicals Dispersant (anionic di ersan.t Inc Orotan 1124 Rohm & Haas Dispersant (anionic dis ersant lv.[er alK10N Troy Corporation Biocide Polyphase AF3 Troy Corporation Fungicide Foamaster NS-1 Henkel Defoamer Propylene glycol Shell Petroleum Freeze/thaw stability AMP-95 Dow Chemicals Neutraliser Primal SF-017 Rohm & Haas Binder Water dispersible aciylic polymer Acrysol TT-615 Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier (alkali swellable rheology modifier) Acrysol DR-1 Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier-(alka.li swellable rheology modifier) Viscalex HV-30 Ciba S ecial Chemicals Thickener Acrysol 1-62 Rohm & Haas Auxiliary binder (alkali soluble ol er Omycarb-2 Omya-Southern Chemicals Extender (calcium carbonate) Air Products & Chemicals Non-foaming wetting agent Envirogen AD Surfactant Inc tgample 9 Ingredient nauti SurF,yriol CT-171 1 Orotan 1124 1.5 Pro lene Gl ao1 6 Merga.l Kl ON 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS- 1 0.5 Primal SF-017 8 Acr sol TT-615 1 Ac sal DR l 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac solI-62 10 Pi ent: Merlin Super Copper 50 Water s. 200L
Example 10 In redient Quanti . S ol CT-171 2 Orotan 1124 3 Pro ylene G1 col 6 Mer a1K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 = Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Primal SF-017 85 Ac sol TT-615 1 A sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pi ent: Shepherd Crreen 260 100 Water .s. 200L
Example 11 In ediemt aanti Surfynol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 1VIer al KI ON 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acr sol1-62 10 Pigment: Red 3705 50 Water g.s. 200L
Example 12 Iu ed.ient Quantity Surf ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Gl col 6 Mergal KXON 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Ozn a.carb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol Dlt-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: Pink 304/80 17.5 Pi ent: Red HFT 20 Water g.s. 200L
Example 13 Ingredient Quanti Sur ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Gl col 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foanaaster NS-1 0.5 Om acarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 12 Ac olI-62 10 Pi ent: RCL 595 36 Pi ent: Pink 304/80 30 Water q.s. 200L
Example 14 Ingredient uanti SurF ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Glycol 6 Mer 1 K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 I
Acrysol DR-1 I
Viscalex F1V'-30 8 Ac solI-62 10 Pi ent: RCL 595 36 Pi ent: Violet C10 6.2 Water g.s. 200L
Example 15 Ingredient uanti (kg) Su ol CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene GI col 6 Mergal Kl ON 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Om. acarb=2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex PIV-30 11 Acr so11-62 10 Pigment: Red Fble 60 Water g.s. 200L
Example 16 In edient uant' Surf ol CT-171 0.25 Orotan 1124 0.75 Propylene Gl col 6 Mergal K10N 0.3 phase AF3 0.3 Poly Foamaster NS-1 0,5 Omyacarb-2 25 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Ac solI-62 10 Pigment: RCL 595 60 Pi ent: Blue 2gax 6.5 Pi ent: Green 1211/79 10.5 Water g.s. 200L
Example 17 13n edient uan~i Surfynol CT-171 o.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene Gl col 6 Mer al K10N 0.3 Polyphase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0,5 Omyacarb-2 50 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Ac solI-62 10 Pi ent: RCL 595 75 Pi ent: Yellow 1811/82 2 Pi ent: Yellow C 16 10 Watez .s. 200L' Example 18 In edienY an-S ol CT-171 1.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Pro ylene Glycol 6 Mer al Kl ON 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Primal SF-017 85 Acrysol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 11 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: Black Oxide 318 70 Water g.s. 200L
Example 19 Ingredient uanti S ol CT-171 0.25 Orotan 1124 0.75 Propylene Glycol 6 Mer al K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Omyacarb-2 25 Primal SF-017 85 Acr sol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 I
Viscalek HV-30 8 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: RCL 595 150 Water .s. 200L
"Eaample 20 In edient Qnanti SurE ol CT-171 1.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Pro lene GI col 6 -Mergal K10N 0.3 Pol hase AF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 am -95 4.5 Primal SF-017 85 Acr sol TT-615 1 Ac ol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 10 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pi ent; RS 210 68 Water q.s. 200L
5 Examples 21-31 exemplify paint connpositions of the invention that are more like a traditional gouache.
Example 21 Absolute matte: ultramarzne blue Ingredient uan ' S nol CT-1.71 5.5 Orotan 1124 2.25 Prap lene 1 col 12 lvZer a1 K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0,5 Envirogen ad surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Ac sol TT-615 I
Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HVV-30 8 Ac sol1-62 10.5 Pi ent:'ultra blue premier RX 75 Water g.s. 200L
Example 22 Absolute matte: napthol red light Ingredient Qua S ol CT-171' 4.4 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal Kl ON 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 60 primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 A sol DR 1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Acr solI-62 10 Pigment: red frll 50 Water g.s. 200L
Example 23 Absolu.te matte: cobalt turquoise li ht Quanti Ingredient Surfynol CT- 171 6 Orotan 1124 3 Propylene 1 coi 12 Mergal KION 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Ac sol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac soll-62 9 Pigment:irgacolor turquoise 22-5500p 100 Water q.s. 200L
Example 24 Absolute matte: titanium white Ingredient Quanti Surfynol CT-171 4.4 Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Om acarb 2 60 Primal SF-017 40 Ac sol TT-615 1 Ac soI ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Acr solI-62 10 Pigment: RCL 595 150 Water q.s. 200L
Example 25 Absolute matte: chromium green oxide Ingredient QuntitK
Surfynol CT-171 5.8 Orotan 1124 3.6 Pro lene glycol 12 Mer al KlON 0.2 FoamasterNS-1 0.5 Envixo en AD surfactant 0.2 Om acarb 2 40 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615. 1 Acrysol ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac sol1-62 10 Pi ent: green oxide g6099 80 Water .s. 200L
Ezample 26 Absolute matte: pthalo bXue (red shade) Ingredient aanti ol CT-171 4.5 Sylf Orotan 1124 1.2 Propylene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant - 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 45 A sol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HAV-30 6 Acrysol 1-62 10 Pi ent: blue 303/81 30 Water g.s. 200L
Example 27 Absolute rnatte: pthalo een Iu edient Quantity S o1 CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 col 12 Propylene gly Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Enviro en AD surfactant 0.2 Om acarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Ac soi 7-62 10 Pi cnt: gree.n 1211/79 30 Water s. 200L
Example 28 Absolute matte: burnt umber In edienC Quantity S ol CT-171 5.6 Orotan 1124 2.4 Pro ylene 1 col 12 Mer a1,K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 6 Ac so1I-62 8 Pigment: BU 524 80 Water cl.s. 200L
Example 29 Absolute matte: carbon black Ingredient Quanti (kg) Surf ol CT-171 4.3 Orotan 1124 0.9 Pro lene glycol 12 Mergal K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 50 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 V'iscalex*HV-30 6 Ac solI-62 6.6 Pigment: lilack 43/77vb 30 Water g.s. 200L
5 Example 30 Absolute matte: burnt sienna Ingredient Quanti Surfynol CT-171 5.6 Orotan 1124 2.4 Pro ylene. glycol 12 Mergal Kl ON 0.2 Foarnaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Primal SF-017 40 Acrysol TT-615 1 Acrysol DR 1 1 Viscalex HV-30 7 Ac soI7-62 10 Pi ent: BS 310 80 Water g.s. 200L
Exauiple 31 Absolute matte: cobalt blue hue Ingredient uanti Surfynol CT-171 4.5 Orotan 1124 1.5 1'ropylene glycol 12 Mer al K10N 0.2 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 Orn acarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 45 Acr sol TT-615 1 Ac sol DR-1 1 Viscalex HV-30 8 Ac solI-62 11.5 Pi ent: RCL 595 9 Water .s. 200L
The present invention gives an artist considerably more time to develop an artistic piece while still retaining the benefits of using water-based acrytic paints (such as low amounts of volatile organic compounds, excellent colour retention and brushes being able to be washed out in water). The invention provides paint compositions with increased open time without loss of appropriate viscosity and with desirable fmal film properties once the aznine has evaporated.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that nu.merous variations and/or modifications may be made to the uavention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
Claims (17)
1. A water-based paint composition comprising:
at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation;
at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to 11;
at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof;
a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer;
and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation;
at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to 11;
at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof;
a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer;
and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
2. A paint composition according to claim 1 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7.5 to 10, preferably from about 7.5 to 9.5.
3. A paint composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the at least one substituted amine is in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7.5 to 10, more preferably about 7.5 to 9.5.
4. A paint composition according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5 to 1:10, more preferably from about 1:5.33 to 1:10, and even more preferably from about 1:6.66 to 1:10 and most preferably about 1:8 to 1:10.
5. A paint composition according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from about 1:1 to 1:3, preferably from about 3:4.
6. A paint composition according to any one of claims 1-5 wherein the composition further comprises one or more dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents or preservatives or mixtures thereof.
7. A paint composition according to any one of claims 1-6 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof.
8. A paint composition according to claim 7 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of AMP, TEA and mixtures thereof.
9. A method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11.
10. A method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11 and periodically applying to the composition one or more of:
(a) water;
(b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about
(a) water;
(b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about
11; and (c) a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the water-based acrylic paint composition also includes at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the water-based acrylic paint composition also includes at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation.
12. The method according to any one of claims 9-11 wherein the composition further comprises one or more dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents or preservatives and mixtures thereof.
13. The method according to any one of claims 9-12 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to 11, preferably 7.5 to 10, more preferably from about 7.5 to 9.5.
14 The method according to any one of claims 9-13 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5 to 1:10, more preferably from about 1:5.33 to 1:10, and even more preferably from about 1:6.66 to 1:10 and most preferably about 1:8 to 1:10.
15. The method according to any one of claims 9-14 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from about 1:1 to 1:3, preferably from about 3:4.
16. The method according to any one of claims 9-15 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof.
17. A water based paint composition substantially as herein before described with reference to any one of the foregoing Examples.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2005903740 | 2005-07-15 | ||
| AU2005903740A AU2005903740A0 (en) | 2005-07-15 | Paint Composition | |
| PCT/AU2006/000989 WO2007009161A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2006-07-14 | Paint composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2615196A1 true CA2615196A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| CA2615196C CA2615196C (en) | 2013-10-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Country Status (5)
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| US (1) | US7851545B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1904590B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2615196C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ592395A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007009161A1 (en) |
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| US20090119175A1 (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-07 | John Richardson | Tape sealant |
| EP2169080B1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-04-27 | Rohm and Haas Company | Aldehyde Scrubbing in Crust Leather and Tanned Leather |
| US10099239B2 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2018-10-16 | Shurtape Technologies, Llc | Applicator device for film forming formulation for textured surfaces |
| CN102732121B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-11-26 | 四川省科思诺新材料科技有限公司 | Composition for water-based glass bottle baking varnish |
| US9567474B2 (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2017-02-14 | Aie Finsol Pty Limited | Sprayable composition for stabilising broken glass and method of applying same |
| US20150166813A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-18 | Aie Finsol Pty Limited | Sprayable composition for stabilising broken glass and method of applying same |
| US20150239283A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-27 | Howard S. Clark | Methods of making an artwork and artworks so formed |
| AU2015333592B2 (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2020-02-27 | Chroma Australia Pty Limited | Watercolour paint compositions and their use |
| US10669431B2 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2020-06-02 | Chroma Australia Pty Limited | Method of controlling a paint composition |
| US11286395B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2022-03-29 | Chroma Australia Pty Limited | Washable paint composition |
| AU2016201626B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-05-05 | Aie Finsol Pty Limited | A sprayable composition for stabilising broken glass and method of applying same |
| CN110461913A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-15 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | With alkali polymers capable of swelling particle preparation coating formulation |
| US10864769B2 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2020-12-15 | Hratch Israelian | Painting method and components |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3374196A (en) * | 1964-03-27 | 1968-03-19 | Hunt Mfg Co | Slow-drying latex paints comprising urea-polyol solutions |
| US4190693A (en) * | 1975-06-17 | 1980-02-26 | Rohm And Haas Company | Coating method using compositions comprising acrylic oligomers, high polymers and crosslinkers |
| JPS585728Y2 (en) | 1977-05-10 | 1983-01-31 | 野村 裕皓 | Earth and sand excavator |
| US4139514A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1979-02-13 | Union Carbide Corporation | Aqueous vehicles |
| US4243430A (en) * | 1977-09-21 | 1981-01-06 | Rohm And Haas Company | Pigment dispersant for aqueous paints |
| US4954556A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1990-09-04 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Water-based ink compositions |
| CA2044892C (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 1998-08-18 | Frederick A. Giles, Jr. | Coating compositions |
| US5131776A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-07-21 | Binney & Smith Inc. | Aqueous permanent coloring composition for a marker |
| US5192592A (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1993-03-09 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Method of coating substrates utilizing an alkali-functional associative thickner containing coating composition |
| US5276075A (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1994-01-04 | Binney & Smith Inc. | Washable acrylic paint |
| US5492653A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-02-20 | Heraeus Incorporated | Aqueous silver composition |
| US6303189B1 (en) | 1995-03-03 | 2001-10-16 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for increasing the open time of aqueous coatings |
| US5778789A (en) | 1996-03-13 | 1998-07-14 | Sun Chemical | Offset lithographic printing process with a water based ink |
| US6025449A (en) | 1997-03-05 | 2000-02-15 | Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble acrylic resin, resin composition containing the same for use in water-based coating composition, water-based coating composition and coating method by use of the same |
| DE19717067C2 (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-09-09 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Reforming reactor plant, in particular for steam reforming of methanol |
| US6090449A (en) | 1998-01-27 | 2000-07-18 | Ferdinando; Peter G. | Slow-drying aqueous-based coating materials and painting techniques for the use thereof |
| US6162869A (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-12-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Waterborne acrylic polymers containing polymeric fluorescent compounds |
| WO2001090263A2 (en) | 2000-05-20 | 2001-11-29 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Latex polymer based printing ink |
| US6890584B2 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2005-05-10 | Agfa-Gevaert | Flexographic ink containing a polymer or copolymer of a 3,4-dialkoxythiophene |
| GB0025210D0 (en) | 2000-10-14 | 2000-11-29 | Avecia Bv | Polymer compositions |
| US6939922B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2005-09-06 | Rohm And Haas Company | Coating and coating composition |
| DE10333623A1 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-24 | Celanese Emulsions Gmbh | Coating composition and process for its preparation |
| JP4145266B2 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2008-09-03 | 株式会社サクラクレパス | Aqueous paint composition |
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2006
- 2006-07-14 NZ NZ592395A patent/NZ592395A/en unknown
- 2006-07-14 WO PCT/AU2006/000989 patent/WO2007009161A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2006-07-14 EP EP06760851.3A patent/EP1904590B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-07-14 CA CA2615196A patent/CA2615196C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CA2615196C (en) | 2013-10-29 |
| US20080194745A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
| EP1904590A4 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| NZ592395A (en) | 2012-11-30 |
| WO2007009161A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| EP1904590B1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| EP1904590A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
| US7851545B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
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