CA2615196C - Paint composition - Google Patents
Paint composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2615196C CA2615196C CA2615196A CA2615196A CA2615196C CA 2615196 C CA2615196 C CA 2615196C CA 2615196 A CA2615196 A CA 2615196A CA 2615196 A CA2615196 A CA 2615196A CA 2615196 C CA2615196 C CA 2615196C
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- Prior art keywords
- alkali soluble
- polymer
- water
- paint composition
- soluble polymer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/06—Artists' paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
Abstract
There is described a water-based paint composition comprising least one pigment; at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11: a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
A method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition and a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition are also described.
A method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition and a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic paint composition are also described.
Description
Paint Composition Field of the Invention This invention relates to water based artists' paints and more particularly to improved water based artists' paint compositions.
Background to the Invention Acrylic paints dry as water leaves the paint. As water evaporates or is absorbed by the substrate to which the paint is applied, acrylic polymer particles coalesce into a continuous adhesive film. Within a relatively short period of time, approximately 10 to minutes, a skin forms over the outer surface of the paint film. At this stage the paint film is said to be "dry to the touch". The thicker films continue to dry over time, the length of time varying with the thickness of the film. For very thin films this may be a few minutes, while films half a centimetre in thickness or more may take weeks or 15 months.
Once the skin has formed over the paint film, the film can no longer be worked.
The artist is not able to change and adapt what is taking place on the canvas using traditional techniques. Although the touch dry film could be painted over, the "wet in wet" painting techniques are severely curtailed. The term "wet in wet" is used by persons skilled in the art to refer to painting techniques by which the artist creatively works and develops the wet paint on the substrate, adding, blending and altering the appearance over time to achieve the desired artistic result.
Temperature, humidity and air flow are environmental factors that influence the drying times of acrylic paint compositions. The time taken for a paint film to skin over can be extended somewhat by reducing air-flow, lowering temperature and increasing humidity. Manipulating such environmental factors may not always be possible or practical. Low temperatures (below about 9 C) may interfere with coalescence of the polymer particles resulting in paint film cracking, becoming powdery or failing to adhere to the substrate. Optimum humidity may be difficult to determine and maintain.
= The nature of the substrate also influences the drying time of acrylic paint compositions. An absorbent substrate will draw moisture out of the paint composition and speed drying time. Sealing the substrate to reduce absorbency or selecting a nonabsorbent substrate such as metal or masonite will reduce the moisture lost through the substrate. Using a moist substrate can also reduce moisture lost through the substrate and increase humidity in the environment of the paint. By soaking the back of a canvas with water or, attaching wet rags or sponges to the back of a canvas, for example, the rate of drying of the paint film can be reduced. This technique has limitations and the water may also wash impurities out of the canvas into the paint film causing discoloration.
Humectants, such as glycerin or propylene glycol may be used as paint additives to extend the time taken for a paint film to skin over. As paint additives however, humectants tend to linger in. the paint film. They can remain tacky and adversely affect outer coat adhesion. Most importantly they do not prevent fast drying of thin films of paint.
Disclosure of the Invention The invention relates to a water-based paint containing at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer, the improvement comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11.
In one aspect the present invention provides a water-based artists' paint composition consisting essentially of: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or = alkali swellable thickener.
The composition also optionally includes one or more conventional additives such as dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives.
The term "open time" as used herein means the time during which the paint composition remains workable such that it may be blended and altered.
The present inventor has surprisingly found that the period during which a water-based acrylic paint composition remains workable, i.e. the open time of the paint, can be significantly extended to free the artist to develop the artistic work over many hours.
Rather than developing a paint skin in the normal way, within about 10 minutes, the composition sets gradually over time. Wet paint may therefore be applied over paint already on a substrate and may be blended with it and into it, giving artists time to Amended Sheet IPEA/AII
Background to the Invention Acrylic paints dry as water leaves the paint. As water evaporates or is absorbed by the substrate to which the paint is applied, acrylic polymer particles coalesce into a continuous adhesive film. Within a relatively short period of time, approximately 10 to minutes, a skin forms over the outer surface of the paint film. At this stage the paint film is said to be "dry to the touch". The thicker films continue to dry over time, the length of time varying with the thickness of the film. For very thin films this may be a few minutes, while films half a centimetre in thickness or more may take weeks or 15 months.
Once the skin has formed over the paint film, the film can no longer be worked.
The artist is not able to change and adapt what is taking place on the canvas using traditional techniques. Although the touch dry film could be painted over, the "wet in wet" painting techniques are severely curtailed. The term "wet in wet" is used by persons skilled in the art to refer to painting techniques by which the artist creatively works and develops the wet paint on the substrate, adding, blending and altering the appearance over time to achieve the desired artistic result.
Temperature, humidity and air flow are environmental factors that influence the drying times of acrylic paint compositions. The time taken for a paint film to skin over can be extended somewhat by reducing air-flow, lowering temperature and increasing humidity. Manipulating such environmental factors may not always be possible or practical. Low temperatures (below about 9 C) may interfere with coalescence of the polymer particles resulting in paint film cracking, becoming powdery or failing to adhere to the substrate. Optimum humidity may be difficult to determine and maintain.
= The nature of the substrate also influences the drying time of acrylic paint compositions. An absorbent substrate will draw moisture out of the paint composition and speed drying time. Sealing the substrate to reduce absorbency or selecting a nonabsorbent substrate such as metal or masonite will reduce the moisture lost through the substrate. Using a moist substrate can also reduce moisture lost through the substrate and increase humidity in the environment of the paint. By soaking the back of a canvas with water or, attaching wet rags or sponges to the back of a canvas, for example, the rate of drying of the paint film can be reduced. This technique has limitations and the water may also wash impurities out of the canvas into the paint film causing discoloration.
Humectants, such as glycerin or propylene glycol may be used as paint additives to extend the time taken for a paint film to skin over. As paint additives however, humectants tend to linger in. the paint film. They can remain tacky and adversely affect outer coat adhesion. Most importantly they do not prevent fast drying of thin films of paint.
Disclosure of the Invention The invention relates to a water-based paint containing at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer, the improvement comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11.
In one aspect the present invention provides a water-based artists' paint composition consisting essentially of: at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation; at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof; a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer; and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or = alkali swellable thickener.
The composition also optionally includes one or more conventional additives such as dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents and preservatives.
The term "open time" as used herein means the time during which the paint composition remains workable such that it may be blended and altered.
The present inventor has surprisingly found that the period during which a water-based acrylic paint composition remains workable, i.e. the open time of the paint, can be significantly extended to free the artist to develop the artistic work over many hours.
Rather than developing a paint skin in the normal way, within about 10 minutes, the composition sets gradually over time. Wet paint may therefore be applied over paint already on a substrate and may be blended with it and into it, giving artists time to Amended Sheet IPEA/AII
create complex paintings while working at their own pace and with ample opportunity to revise and alter their work before it becomes fixed. The open time Can be extended for several hours and for as long as a day by using the composition of the invention and by periodically applying water to the paint film for example by sprinkling or spraying.
The conventional acrylic binder, namely a water dispersible polymer, is prevented from forming a skin as the water evaporates. Whilst not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the alkali soluble polymer forms a coating around the dispersion polymer particles preventing coalescence of those particles. A water resistant film is formed only when the amine evaporates and the alkali soluble polymers themselves become water resistant.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic artists' paint composition, the composition comprising at.
least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation, a binding effective amount of at least one dispersible acrylic polymer and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount of effective to increase the open time of the composition said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11 and optionally, periodically applying water to the composition.
Alkali Soluble Polymer = As used herein, the term"alkali soluble polymer" means a polymer which is capable of being solubilized at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution where the pH is alkaline. the solubilization pH of the alkali-soluble polymer is generally in the order of from about 7 to about 11. Preferably the solubilisation pH is in the order of from about 7.5 to abut 10, more preferably about 7.5 to about 9.5. An alkali soluble polymer has at least one acidic or anion producing group.
Examples of anion prodming groups include but are not limited to 'carboxylic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, active imido and sulfonamide.
The alkali soluble polymer is made to serve as an auxiliary binder and is not a conventional ingredient in acrylic paints.
The proportion of' alkali soluble polymer can be varied to manipulate the drying time of the paint composition. The higher the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water Amended Sheet = IPEA/AIT
=
The conventional acrylic binder, namely a water dispersible polymer, is prevented from forming a skin as the water evaporates. Whilst not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the alkali soluble polymer forms a coating around the dispersion polymer particles preventing coalescence of those particles. A water resistant film is formed only when the amine evaporates and the alkali soluble polymers themselves become water resistant.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method of extending the open time of a water-based acrylic artists' paint composition, the composition comprising at.
least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the desired pigmentation, a binding effective amount of at least one dispersible acrylic polymer and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount of effective to increase the open time of the composition said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7 to about 11; and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7 to about 11 and optionally, periodically applying water to the composition.
Alkali Soluble Polymer = As used herein, the term"alkali soluble polymer" means a polymer which is capable of being solubilized at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution where the pH is alkaline. the solubilization pH of the alkali-soluble polymer is generally in the order of from about 7 to about 11. Preferably the solubilisation pH is in the order of from about 7.5 to abut 10, more preferably about 7.5 to about 9.5. An alkali soluble polymer has at least one acidic or anion producing group.
Examples of anion prodming groups include but are not limited to 'carboxylic hydroxyl, phenolic hydroxyl, active imido and sulfonamide.
The alkali soluble polymer is made to serve as an auxiliary binder and is not a conventional ingredient in acrylic paints.
The proportion of' alkali soluble polymer can be varied to manipulate the drying time of the paint composition. The higher the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water Amended Sheet = IPEA/AIT
=
dispersible acrylic polymer, the longer the drying time as long as a slow-evaporating =
amine is also present (as discussed below).
For a paint composition with a feel similar to a conventional acrylic artists' paint the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5 to 1:10. In a 200L batch of paint for example where 80kg/200L of water dispersible acrylic binder is used and about =
10kg/200L of alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the amount of alkali soluble polymer may be in the range of about 4-20 kg/200L, preferably 8-15 kg/200L, more preferably 8-12 kg/200L and most preferably 8-10kg/200L. This equates to ratios of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer of from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5.33 to 1:10, more preferably from about 1:6.66 to 1:10 and =
most preferably from about 1:8 to 1:10.
=
For a paint composition :with a feel more like a traditional gouache a ratio of alkali soluble' polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:1 to 1:3, preferably about about 3:4. This ratio gives a tough paint film which is less brittle and more flexibile than a conventional guache but can still be applied thickly if desired.
Artists may wish to use paints in several different ways or techniques in the same painting and the paint is usually applied in successive layers. An artist may 'sometimes want a layer of paint to dry quickly, but more often wants to extend the open time, and being able to control what is happening is desirable.
A paint as described above with 80kg water dispersible acrylic binder per 200L
and 8-12kg of alkali soluble binder does not form a skin and can be kept "open" by spraying with a water atomiser from time to time as water evaporates and the paint becomes tacky. Mediums can also be used to give the artists even more control.
For faster drying, a medium made from water dispersible acrylic polymer applied to a paint film will swing the balance towards fast film formation, while for a slower drying paint, a medium made from alkali soluble polymer/ substituted amine swings the balance in the opposite direction.
=
=
Amended Sheet IPEA/AII
= CA 02615196 2009-03-11 =
In a preferred embodiment therefore, the invention provides a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic artists' paint composition, the composition comprising at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the =
desired pigmentation, a binding effective amount of at least one dispersible acrylic polymer and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7-11 and periodically applying to the composition one or more of:
(a) water;
(b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7-11; and (c) a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
Suitable commercially available alkali soluble polymers are flexographic ink polymers such as those manufactured by Rohm & Haas under the names Lucidene Tm =
=
=
Amended Sheet = IPEA/AII
TM
.361 and Luoidene TI4 602 LS, and Acrysol 1-62. Also suitable are GlasoolTm 1.816, and the LE 500 series - LE 510, LE 520 and LE 530 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals and Joncryl 142 im manufactured by Johnson Wax Co.
amine is also present (as discussed below).
For a paint composition with a feel similar to a conventional acrylic artists' paint the ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5 to 1:10. In a 200L batch of paint for example where 80kg/200L of water dispersible acrylic binder is used and about =
10kg/200L of alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the amount of alkali soluble polymer may be in the range of about 4-20 kg/200L, preferably 8-15 kg/200L, more preferably 8-12 kg/200L and most preferably 8-10kg/200L. This equates to ratios of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer of from about 1:4 to 1:20, preferably from about 1:5.33 to 1:10, more preferably from about 1:6.66 to 1:10 and =
most preferably from about 1:8 to 1:10.
=
For a paint composition :with a feel more like a traditional gouache a ratio of alkali soluble' polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer may range from about 1:1 to 1:3, preferably about about 3:4. This ratio gives a tough paint film which is less brittle and more flexibile than a conventional guache but can still be applied thickly if desired.
Artists may wish to use paints in several different ways or techniques in the same painting and the paint is usually applied in successive layers. An artist may 'sometimes want a layer of paint to dry quickly, but more often wants to extend the open time, and being able to control what is happening is desirable.
A paint as described above with 80kg water dispersible acrylic binder per 200L
and 8-12kg of alkali soluble binder does not form a skin and can be kept "open" by spraying with a water atomiser from time to time as water evaporates and the paint becomes tacky. Mediums can also be used to give the artists even more control.
For faster drying, a medium made from water dispersible acrylic polymer applied to a paint film will swing the balance towards fast film formation, while for a slower drying paint, a medium made from alkali soluble polymer/ substituted amine swings the balance in the opposite direction.
=
=
Amended Sheet IPEA/AII
= CA 02615196 2009-03-11 =
In a preferred embodiment therefore, the invention provides a method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic artists' paint composition, the composition comprising at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide the =
desired pigmentation, a binding effective amount of at least one dispersible acrylic polymer and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the method comprising including in the composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase the open time of the composition and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7-11 and periodically applying to the composition one or more of:
(a) water;
(b) a medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to about 7-11; and (c) a medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
Suitable commercially available alkali soluble polymers are flexographic ink polymers such as those manufactured by Rohm & Haas under the names Lucidene Tm =
=
=
Amended Sheet = IPEA/AII
TM
.361 and Luoidene TI4 602 LS, and Acrysol 1-62. Also suitable are GlasoolTm 1.816, and the LE 500 series - LE 510, LE 520 and LE 530 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals and Joncryl 142 im manufactured by Johnson Wax Co.
5 Substituted Amble Substituted amines are included in amounts sufficient to neutralise the .
= composition to a pH in the range of about 7 to. about 11. Preferably the pH is in the range of from about 7.5 to 10, more preferably about 7.5 to 9.5. Suitable amines include C1.6 alcohol amines == and. C1=4 alkyl C14 alcohol amines such as .aminornethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MBA), diethanolaroine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof AlVIP and TEA and mixtures thereof are . preferred. Substituted amines are selected so as to slow the evaporation of the amines thereby extending the time in which the binders and thickeners (those which are water soluble or swellable under alkali conditions) may remain in solution, Dbpersible Acrylic Polymer . The present invention includes at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
These polymers are conventional binders for acrylic paints, well known to those skilled in the art. Suitable polymers include water dispersible polymers containing.
one or more monomers selected from styrene, acrylateit, alkylerylates and &nes.
Polymers . incbuling a.crylate, methacrylate and methyl methacrylate monomers are common.
The selection of water dipersible acrylic binder and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Examples of suitable commercially available water dispersible acrylic polymers are PR 3230, an 2235, jACI-1955 and Primal SF-017 numufitotured by Rohm 8c Haas.
Also suitable is Acronat290D manufactured by BASF.
The water dispersible acrylic polymer is present in the composition of the invention in. a binding effective amount. A "binding effective amount" .of at least one ' water dispersible acrylic polymer will be understood to mean that the at least one water dispersible polymer is present in an amount so that in combination with the at least one alkali polymer discussed above, it will bind the pigment .particles together into a cohesive paint film upon drying.
= composition to a pH in the range of about 7 to. about 11. Preferably the pH is in the range of from about 7.5 to 10, more preferably about 7.5 to 9.5. Suitable amines include C1.6 alcohol amines == and. C1=4 alkyl C14 alcohol amines such as .aminornethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MBA), diethanolaroine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof AlVIP and TEA and mixtures thereof are . preferred. Substituted amines are selected so as to slow the evaporation of the amines thereby extending the time in which the binders and thickeners (those which are water soluble or swellable under alkali conditions) may remain in solution, Dbpersible Acrylic Polymer . The present invention includes at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
These polymers are conventional binders for acrylic paints, well known to those skilled in the art. Suitable polymers include water dispersible polymers containing.
one or more monomers selected from styrene, acrylateit, alkylerylates and &nes.
Polymers . incbuling a.crylate, methacrylate and methyl methacrylate monomers are common.
The selection of water dipersible acrylic binder and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Examples of suitable commercially available water dispersible acrylic polymers are PR 3230, an 2235, jACI-1955 and Primal SF-017 numufitotured by Rohm 8c Haas.
Also suitable is Acronat290D manufactured by BASF.
The water dispersible acrylic polymer is present in the composition of the invention in. a binding effective amount. A "binding effective amount" .of at least one ' water dispersible acrylic polymer will be understood to mean that the at least one water dispersible polymer is present in an amount so that in combination with the at least one alkali polymer discussed above, it will bind the pigment .particles together into a cohesive paint film upon drying.
Thickener One or more alkali 'soluble or alkali swellable thickeners are included in the composition of the present invention. Such thickeners typically comprise the aqueous emulsion reaction product of an unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, e.g., 6 methacrylic acid; a mottoethylenically unsaturated monomer different from the carboxylic acid monomer, e.g. ethyl acrylate; a macromonorner comprising a , hydrophobic portion and an alkoxylated portion which is polymerizable with the other monomers; and a monomer having latent crosslinking ihnctionality. Suitable thickeners include UCARTY46 and UCARThl'olyphobe TR1I5, manufactured by Union TM TM TM
Carbide and Acrysol Acrysol Acrysol ASE 60 manufactured by Rohm &
Haas. =
= The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in . order to get a uniform viscosity. The selection of alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Pigment =
= One or more pigments may be included in the comPosition. Pigmentation provides colour and opacity and may contribute to other properties of the paint composition. A person skilled in the art will be aware that pigment particle size and shape, ease of wettability or properties relating to specific density contribute to the viscosity and application characteristics of the wet paint composition and ultimately properties of the dried paint coatings. A person skilled. in the art will therefore appreciate that the choice of pigment will have an effect on the choice of other ingredients such as thickeners.
It is well within the skill of the addressee to determine the appropriate selection ' of pigment and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
Colour pigments may be organic or inorganic compounds, natural. or synthetic and these may be used separately or in combination. Titanium dioxide is a common white pigment with a high refractive index and excellent hiding power (the ability to render a paint opaque). It is frequently used with both coloured organic and inorganic pigments. Iron oxides range in colour from yellow and red to brown and black Azo pigments are a common class of organic colour pigments. Pigments called "extender"
pigments may be used in conjunction with other pigments. The use of extender pigments reduces shrinkage stresses within the paint film and increases the pigment volume. content ai relatively low cost. Extender pigments include those based on =
Carbide and Acrysol Acrysol Acrysol ASE 60 manufactured by Rohm &
Haas. =
= The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in . order to get a uniform viscosity. The selection of alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, and the quantity to be used for the composition of the present invention is within the skill of the person skilled in the art using routine trial and experimentation.
Pigment =
= One or more pigments may be included in the comPosition. Pigmentation provides colour and opacity and may contribute to other properties of the paint composition. A person skilled in the art will be aware that pigment particle size and shape, ease of wettability or properties relating to specific density contribute to the viscosity and application characteristics of the wet paint composition and ultimately properties of the dried paint coatings. A person skilled. in the art will therefore appreciate that the choice of pigment will have an effect on the choice of other ingredients such as thickeners.
It is well within the skill of the addressee to determine the appropriate selection ' of pigment and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
Colour pigments may be organic or inorganic compounds, natural. or synthetic and these may be used separately or in combination. Titanium dioxide is a common white pigment with a high refractive index and excellent hiding power (the ability to render a paint opaque). It is frequently used with both coloured organic and inorganic pigments. Iron oxides range in colour from yellow and red to brown and black Azo pigments are a common class of organic colour pigments. Pigments called "extender"
pigments may be used in conjunction with other pigments. The use of extender pigments reduces shrinkage stresses within the paint film and increases the pigment volume. content ai relatively low cost. Extender pigments include those based on =
carbonates, silicates, sulfates, barytes and mica. The use of extender pigments aids in viscosity and flow control and reinforces the dry film strength.
Dispersant = = =
6 The composition of the present invention may include one or more dispersants.
These are conventional ingredients used to enhance pigment lowlituY and dispersion stability. The dispersant may be nonionic or anionic =Octants. Anionic surfactants are preferred. Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers include sodium lattryl sulfate, sodhun dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dioctylsulfosucchurte, sodium polyoxyethylette = 10 lanryl ether sulfate, sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate and other dipheny1suLfonate derivatives, and sodium salt of tert-octylphenoxyethoxypely(39) etboxyethyl sulfate.
Suitable anionic surfactants are manufactured by Rolm & Haas under the trade marks Orottinm1124, Orota71288, Orotalli731 DP and Orotal 850.
15 The skilled addressee is able to determine the appropriate selection of dispersants and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
=
Other Additives =
The composition also optionally includes one or more conventional additives = 20 such as rheology modifiers, defoarams, coalescenta and preservatives.
Best Modes for Performing the Invention The invention will now be thither discussed with reference to the following . examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative and not restrictive.
-Example 1.
= .
Ingredient , Function Quantity (kg) Quinaeridone Magenta . Pigment 20kg TM
ratan 1124 (Robin & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functions,Hoed polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant .4kg Inc) Anionic Divetsant , Mryzol I tt4 62 (Rohm & Haas) õA.11#1iy 1314 AIka1i Soluble Ink Polymer Binder 1 Calcium Carbonate Extender_ 501%
õ = .
PR3230 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80kg Acrylic Disjiersion Propylene Glycol Freeze/thaw 6 kg stability =
TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2kg = Alkali Swellable neology Modifier Modifier AorysoitR1 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2kg Alkali Swellable neology Modifier Modifier AoryscXXSE 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 8-10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid ' grouPs (Alkali Swellable Thickener) =
AMP or MBA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser = k Water 9.s. 2001, lexionoPte 2 ' Ingredie0 _runetion Quaid* (kg) Peainone Orange Pigment 1014 = Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta etment =
Uamp1e 3 3. 'Terre Verte Maio Blue Pigment: 4 kg = Raw Sienna Pigment: 68.25kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta .
Pigment or calcium. carbonate ' 1r4Cample 4 4. Blue tack Pthalo Blue 101%
2.5kg ReCarbmoanindBerlackas per Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta Pigment Example 5 5. Ultramarine Blue Pigment 100kg Remainder as for Example I
except no Quinacridone Magenta = ' pigment or calcium carbonate _ The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The alkali swellable thickener in the examples may be substituted with other conventional alkali swellable thickeners as discusted above.
a The amount of Alkali Soluble Ink polymer may be varied to control the rate of TM
drying. For Acrysol 1-62 in the examples above amounts may be varied from about 4kg to about.20kg/200L. Preferred amounts are from 845 kg/200L more preferably 12 kg/200L. Less than 4kg does not achieve the desired effect. =
;10 The paint making process is the same for any colour and is the conventional procedure which may be summarised as follows. , =
Stage 1: Load: Add water, dispersants, some defoamer as required to control against foam and alkali soluble ink polymer and under agitation using a cavitation mixer such 15 as a TORRACE mixer, add enough substituted amine, such as MBA or TEA, to , neutralize this mixture to desired pH, add the coalescent if used. A
suitable defoamer is manufactured by Henkel under the trade mark Foarnister N84.
Stage 2: At this point the pigment (and extender if used) is added, either in powder 20 fonn; or possibly as a pre-dispersed liquid which has already been procesaed in a bead mill.
Stage 3: Add a portion of the thickener and disperse.
25 Stage 4: Let down: Add the acrylic binder dispersion, the rheology modifiers and remainder of the thickener and the propylene glycol.
Stage 5: Add sufficient water to make 200L and stir until The batch is uniform.
=
Extunple 6 . =
In edient rune:Ion I uan Lt..
Quinacridone Magenta Pigment Pigment 20kg =
= __________________________________________________________ Qat= Carbonate Extender 501%
OrotaiZ124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 41%
Punctionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant 4kg In(),=Ani'onic Dispersant AC 2235 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80kg = Acrylic Dispersion =
Tomo! (Eastman Chemical Company) Coalescent 2kg 4 Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Theology Modifier 1.54 = =
Alkali Swetiable itheckigy Modifier TM-Aorgvol ASH 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 10kg =
Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid licauPs (Alkali Swellable Thickener) ,A =
- TM _____________________ -Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier Alkali Swellable Rbeolo ivlodirtat_ Pnapylene Glycol Freeze/thaw stabflizer 4kg _ Joncty1142 (Johnson Wax Co) , Auxiliary Binder 10kg = ___________________________________________________ Atiadi Soluble Ink Polymer AMP or IAEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water = _ q.a= 200 L
=
=
=
Example 7 Ingredient '. Function Quantity (1%) Arylamide Yellow Pigment 20 X 70 Pigment 20kg = Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg - Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surrynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 41cg Chemical? Inc).Anion.ic Dispecsant AC 1-1955 Binder 80kg (Rohm & Haas) Alkali Soluble Acglic Dispersion -Texanol (Eastman Chemical Co) Coalescent 21cg Ester 810101 -TT615 (Rolut & Haas) Rheology Modifier 21cg Alkali Swellable Rhoology Niodifter , Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm St Haas) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups = (Alkali Swellable Thickener) TM =
Luckkaus 361 (Rohm & Haas) Auxiliary Binder 10kg water-based polystyrene/acrylic emulsion õ..(Allcali Soluble Ink Polymer ) =
AMP or lAHA., to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water 200L
=
Example 8 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Pthalo Green Pigment Pigment 20kg Calcium Carbonate I3xtender ___________________ 50kg __ TM
Orota-n 1124 (Rohm & Haas) = Dispersant 4kg Fun.ctionalised polyacryiate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 4kg Chemicals Inc) Anionic Dispersant .Actonal 290D (BASF) Binder 80kg Styrene/acrylic copolynier dispersion .
T.exanol (Eastman Chemical Co) Coalescent 2kg =
Ester alcohol Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 2kg Alkali Swellable Itheolog,y Modifier Aerysol ASB 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 101cg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid .8rotiPs =
(Alkali Swellable Thickener) Polyphobe TR117 (Union Carbide) Thickener Ikg Jcintayl 142 (Johnson Wax Co) Auxiliary Binder 10kg Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer AMP or MBA to p119.3 Neutraliser Water (IA. 2001, Compositions were prepared according to examples 1 to 8 and used under studio - 6 conditions and outdoors to prepare artworks on conventional substrates using conventional palettes and brushes. It was found that "wet in wet" painting techniques could be exercised for a full day and in some portions of the artworks on a second day, provided that water sprays were used.
13 "*
1Cey to examples 9 - 31 .
. f , __ ¨ = .--Lagredient Manufacturer Quantity (kg) _ Surfynol CT-171 Air Products & 'Chemicals Dispersant (anionic dispersant) Inc .
im . _ Orotan 1124 Rohm & Haas Dispersant ecggizi_tc4441,9_2215) Mergal M1014 . Troy Corporation Biocide -= TM
Polyphase AF3Troy Corporation Fungicide = _ -- , T/vf Foatnaster NS-1 Henkel , Defoamer L Propylene glycol Shell Peiroleum Freezelthaw stability õ _ . ..
AMP-95 Dow Chemicals , Neutridiser , ,. -Primal SF-017 Rohm & Haas Binder Water dispersible acrylic polymer . __ ..
Acrygon.T..6i5 . Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier I
(alkali swellable theology .
modifier) __________________ Acrysol DR-I Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier (alkali swellable theology ,.
modifier) , ViscalikV-30 . .,,Ciba Specialty Chemicals Thickener Amysol 1-62 Rohm & Haas Auxiliary binder (alkali soluble polymer) - . :,, Omyctub-2 Omya-Southem Chemicals Extender , (calcium carbonate) Air Products & Chemicals Non-foaming wetting agent , Envirogen AD Surfactant Inc.
=
Example 9 .
. .
, . .
, Ingredient Quantity ('ky) ¨ , Stafriol CT-171 1 _ .
, Orotan 1124 = 1.5 ' =
Propylene Glycol 6 ¨
.Mergal K1ON 03 = Pc=1YPhase AF3 03 Foamaster NS-I . 0.5 . _ . AMP-95 = 4 -Primal SF-017 . 85 _ 'AcrysolfT-615 1 , - im-- .
, Acrysol DR-I 1 - = _ .
Vie . 1 f'1V,30 s Aorysol -62 10 _ , Pigment Merlin Super Copper 50 .
,Water , .5.s. 200L
-Example 10 , bouredient = = - Quantity 40 .
. Surfynol C1-171 2 rota-Z.41124 3 ' _ , = ..= =-4.,- obraol , 6 Marital ..- I 0.3 , Po = ., _1: -, ' Foxtprpas NS-I _ _00.. 53 Put,* SF-017 85 , ==,,,f = õ 415 ' _ 1 .
AArisol, ' ' -1 1 _irpodwAr-so . _ ,, , 10 Aoryaolt-62 ,10 Pigment Shepherd Green 260 100 , Water = . a.e. 200L , :
=
Example 11 Ingredient 9uantity (kg) S .01 CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1,5 Propylene Glycol 6 McrgaTICION 0.3 Polyphaii AF3- 0.3 Foaraaster NS-1 0.5 Omyaoarb-2 = . 50 AMP-95 5 >
Primal SF-017 85 AcilasoV1T-61.5 s- = = f Aerysol DR-1 =1 TM
Visealex HV-30 12 *ow.
, Aervao11-6.2 10 Pigment: Red 3705 50 * Water ci.s. 2001, Example 12 _ Quantity Ord Surrynol CT-171 0.5 , Orotarg1124 15 Pturrylene (Nyco,.
,PolypliailEAF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 AMP-95 , 5 .
, Primal SF-017 85 ?ITT
Acryso -615 1 _ < Aetyaolt011.-1 1 myil(2_4441r.,_rmilv_30õ
Aerysol 1-62 10 . 16 _ ________________________________________________________ Pigment Pinic 304/80 ___________________ 17.5 , ,Pigment: Red F1FT 20 Waterq.s. 200L _________________________________________ ... _ Example 13 - , , ,11n4red1ent Quantity(kg) , Slat:poi CT-171 " 0.5 TM
, Orotan 1124 1.5 , Propylene Glycol 6 , Mer: al KlON = 0.3 , Polyphase AF3 0.3 0f = il Foamasterr NS-1 05 . _ Orayacarb-2 , ... 50 _ Primal SF-017 85 Acvsol TT-615 . 1 , o1 DR-1. , .
Viscalex 11V-30 12 Aczysol 1-62 = 10 Pionent RCL 595 36 .0 . ________________________________________________________ '=-0 Pigment Pink 304/80 30 . . =
- *-Water . = . q.s. 200L
' Example 14 , =
1 , ...
biarediertt , . QuantitY O.
Surtynol CT-171 TM
Oro* m 1124 1.5 .
Propylone Gl.yool 6 -MeritimK40N 0.3 Pot A. ha AF3 . 0.3 I'm Foamaster NS-1 03 _ Omyacarb-2 50 =,- 4 AMP-95 . 4 Primal SF-017 85 .
' .
_____ Tht e a =-= '-'-'-' , .
Aprysel IT-615 = 1 .
Aoysol DR-1 , , mfiki.r.m..............========am."
ViscstlXriV-308 ¨.............04._____ " -.-- µ-=
Acrysol 1-62 10 _ , , Pigment RCL 595 . 36 ' , Pigment Violet C10 62 Water q.s. 2001, ' õ
Example 15 .
, -Jngredient Ouantity (kg) , - , _ ..1 CT-171 05 .
TM
Orotan 1124 , ,. 15 Propylene Glycol 6 ' Mergal X.1014 03 Th4 Polyphase AF3 , , 03 Poamaster NS-1 _05 Omyacarb:2 ), , õ
'. Prbnal SF-017 _________________________________________ Arsysol 1T-615 1 , Acrysol DR.-1 , 1 .. _______________________________________________________ TN' viscata gv-31a11 Acrysol 1-62 10 __ ... , o ___ \ Pigment Red Fble ,60 _Water q.s. 2001, __ Example 16 ., _______________________________________________________ QuantW (kg) , Surfynol Cr-171 Ø25...................................
.0rotaitm1124 0.75 . ...
õ
Propylene Glycol 6 , klerkallti ON 0.3 Po1yphaiemAF3 _ . 0,3 FoamasterliNS-I_ 0.5 .
.
,.
, Omyacarb-2, 2,5 , t - .
AMP-95 5...
Primal SP-017 85 . Acrysol 17-615 I
, TM ' ___ _./S.4....t.p.11.-1õ*... 1 Viacale:NV-30 10 ., , Acrysol 1-62 ' 10 Pigment: RCL 595 60 - , Pigment: Mae 2gax,- - 6.5 ' Pigment: Green 1211/79 10.5 . , Water q.s. 2001, _ - .
Example 17 ingredient Quantityi'kg) .
Stufriol cr-171 05 _ .
Orotaimi 124 .
Pro* -* * (11 al . Merjital KiON , , 0.3 Pn1Ynbas7A.P3 0.3 Foamastels-1 0.5 r _ Omyacarb-2 50 . _ , ... .
, AMP-95 5 _ Primal SF-017 85 ___________ , ___ Acrtel rr-615 õ , 1 . .
, rm _ Acrya901,-1 1 ... = ,:: s -,,,, .. =
. viscalex irv-.3o 10 =
. ........._...N...õ....¨,........_________ ., _ Aeryaol-1-62 10 * .
Pigment RCL 595......J75,.,, Plgatent Yellow 1811/82 2 ... , = _ Pigment Yellow C16 10 .. Water _ 4.8. 200I.,*
-;
*
,., - Example 18 .
. .
In*eillent QuantitY OW , =Surepaol CT-171 1.5 Osotan I124 2.25 ' Propytie Glycol 6 Menai 1(10N 03 .
_ ' Polyphase AF3 . 0.3 , 44 FO$3112Ster NS-1 õ 0.5 Primal SF-017 85 --I
=
AngeolIT-615 1 .
Amyknl pit-i I
, = ,ViscalitINV-30 11 _ = = , Aerysor1-62 10 .
-.
Pigment Black Oxide 318. 70 ' , Water cl-s, 200L , Example 19 .
=
1ntredlent 9uantitijk,g) ....sel CT-171 0.25 , Orotall1124 0.75 ,.....lirr. Elyi col 6 Mortal &ION 0.3 .
' PolyphilLAF31,4 0.3 !ammet . er NS-1 = 0.5 A
= Omyacsah-2 25 AMP-95. 4 Prhnal SF-017 85 ________________________________________ ,--..-..rm =
ACTISKII. ryr-6 I 5 . ___________________ 1 ''"--&Mot DR-1 = 1 r---TM
Visas's& 11V-30 _ ___________ rm 8 , ___________________________________________________________ , Aursont-62 10 ¨
' Pigment RCL 595 150 .
Water _q.s. 200L
- . , _ .
.Example 20 ________________________________________ -T ______________ Ingredient _________________________________ quantity (kg) Surf,or 1 Cr-171 1.5 rota:141124 - r2..25 Propylene Gly0016 =
' Meriteint014 03 PolYpheinge3 0.3 Postonster NS-1 0.5 = aMP-95 4.5 Primal SF-017 Acryttol DIL-1 = 1 -=
. ViacateD1V-30 ________________________ \ JO
= Pigment RS 210 68 *Ater g.s.2001, Examples 21-31 exemplify paint compositions of the invention that are more like a tracfitional gouache.
Example 21 =
Absolute matte: ultramarine blue .Intredtent thanes 0140 =
Surfing CT-171. 5.5 , r941141124 2.25 rxtrtle *reel 12 Meg* KlON 0.2 PottnitatZ145-1 0.5 Eavirosken ad surfactant 0.2 -Primal SF-017 40 \ =
, Aczysol Tr-615 , =
Viscalex R1-30 8 TM
Aerysol 1-62 --Pi.gment.:=ultra blue = =. 'or RX 75 Water ,. 9.a. 200L ' Example 22 .
Absolute matte: napthol red light Ingredient quantity (kg) Surfyn.ol CT-171* , 4.4 Orotar1124 12 =
P = = eneool - 12 Nita-gal K1ON 02 tif Faamaster ikTS-10.5 , Envirogen AD surfactant ' 0.2 Ornyaearb 2 , , 60 AMP-95 , 4 _ _ Primal SF-017 ' 40 =
AczysolIT-615 1 Acrysql D1L-1 , 1 FM uir"
. ______ Tatt4 ' 3II- - 6 ,=
Aorysol 1-62 10 -. Pigment red frIl 50 I Water , , 9.s. 200L , ... .
Example 23 ., __________________________________________________ ' Absolute matte: cobalt turquoise light -, .
, ingXed104 , Quantit/ pig) ,, .
Surfynol CT-171 6 T1$4 Orotan 1124 3 ..
Propylenellyeol 12 M ; 114tCI0N
TM . .õ=
--=
Prianniste;148-1 0.5 - ..
. Envfrogen AD surfactant 0.2 _______ . =
÷ .
Primal 8F-017 = 40 Amy's; ortrf-615 1 -Mayan' DR-1 1 Visealeat HV-30 8 , Acvsor1-62 9 Pigmentilacolor turquoise 22-5500p 100 Water 4L 200L
Example 24 . , Absolute matte: titanium white =
Ingredient Quantiltrfkg) Sttrfyrio1 Cr-171 4.4 Orotun 1124 1.2 Propylene 4ycol 12 Metritil0N 0.2 Foajnast4f1484 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 =
Omyacarb 2 60 Primal SF-017 -------------40 ,.. , Actysol Tr-615 Acrysol ACTAYSOLDIV1 = Visca1eimf1V-30 XerysolY-62 =10 Pigment RCL 595 150 Water = q.a. 200L
Example 25 ' Absolute matte: chromiumsreen oxide Ingredient QuentitY (kg) Surfynol CT-171 5.8 õ
Orotaitm1124 _ 3.6 , Propylene g/yeol 12 1 __ Mersal KlON 02 1oareastCrliNS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 02 Oniyacarb 2 40 _ Prima141F-017 40 Aorysol,TT-615 1 1.M
AorYsol ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Visca1eimilV-30 , Acrysol 1-62 , 10 Pigment: green oxide 86099 80 Water _q.s. 200L
18.1:amp1e 26 Absolute matte: pthalo blue (red shade) Ingredient Quantity Surfrol CT-171 4.5 Oat 124 1.2 _ .
Propylene glycol 12 , MerguraltiON
Foamaste1rNS-1 0.5 Envirox_en AD surfactant , 0.2 Omynearb 2 70 Primal SP-017 45 AmystP11.-615 1 Amysol 1?)3.-1 1 Vieca1elorHAV-30 6 .
TM õ . .
Aerysol 1-62 10 Pifiteent:13lue 303/81 , 30 Water 2001, Example 27 Absolute matte: pthalo green . .
Ingredient ' Quantity OEM
Surrynol CT-171 4.5 Orotair1124 1.5 Propylleiplycol 12 Merp;a1K10N , 0.2 Foamaater NS-1 0.5 =
Envtrogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 = Primal SP-017 = 40 = =
AcrirsorilT-615 1 Aerysol DR-1 1 Vaca1e:PM-30 6 =
Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: green 1211/79 30 Water q.s. 200L
Example 28 =
___________________ Absolute matte: burnt umber Ingredient QuaiititY ace) Surfirnol cr-rn 5.6 OrotaInmi 1204 2.4 Prepylnne_idycol 12 ' . MeMark-10N 0.2 Poamastern4N5-1 0.5 Euvirogen Al) surfactant 0.2 . AMP-95 4 Primal SP-017 40 AcrysorTT-615 1 Acryson5R-1 1 Visca1ekm11V-30 6 =
25 .
Acrysol 1-62 8 Pigment: 11t1 524 80 Water q.s. 2001, Example 29 Absolute matte: carbon black , Ingredient quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.3 Qlotan 1124 0.9 Propylieince_glycol 12 Mergal 15,11014 0.2 Foamaater NS-1 0.5 13nvirogen. AD surfactant 0.2 Orayacarb 2 50 Primal SF-017 ' 49 _Acrysol TT-615 1 Aoryso !R-1 1 Viacaleg -30 6 AcrysoN-62 6.6 Pig,ment. black 43/77vb 30 Water . q.s. 200L
. , Example 30 =
Absolute matte: burnt sienna Ingredient 9nan1llY (kV
Surfynol CT-171 5.6 TM Orotan 1124 2.4 PlopyIennslycol ita Iviergai K ION 0.2 Foamaster S-1 0.5 .õ
Envirogen AD surfactant , 0.2 A/vie-95 4 Primal SF-017 A.crysol TT-615 1 AorysoltR-1 TM
VIVA* fiV-30 7 =
Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: BS 310 80 . Water 200L
Example 31 Absolute matte: cobalt blue hue Ingredient quantity flig) Surfynol CT-171 _ 4.5 nA
Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene glycol 12 Mea11ON 0.2 Folimaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AI) surfactant 02 Ornyacarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 45 ACrYSOLTD6 15 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex. riV-30 8 Acrysol 142 11.5 Pigment: RCL 595 9 Water 2001, _ The present invention gives an. artist considerably more time to develop an artistic piece while still retaining the benefits of using water-based acrylic paints (such as low amounts of volatile organic compounds, excellent colour retention and brushes being able to be washed out in water). The invention provides paint compositions with increased open time without loss of appropriate viscosity and with desirable final film properties once the amine has evaporated.
Dispersant = = =
6 The composition of the present invention may include one or more dispersants.
These are conventional ingredients used to enhance pigment lowlituY and dispersion stability. The dispersant may be nonionic or anionic =Octants. Anionic surfactants are preferred. Examples of suitable anionic emulsifiers include sodium lattryl sulfate, sodhun dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dioctylsulfosucchurte, sodium polyoxyethylette = 10 lanryl ether sulfate, sodium dodecyl diphenyloxide disulfonate and other dipheny1suLfonate derivatives, and sodium salt of tert-octylphenoxyethoxypely(39) etboxyethyl sulfate.
Suitable anionic surfactants are manufactured by Rolm & Haas under the trade marks Orottinm1124, Orota71288, Orotalli731 DP and Orotal 850.
15 The skilled addressee is able to determine the appropriate selection of dispersants and the quantity to be used using routine trial and experimentation.
=
Other Additives =
The composition also optionally includes one or more conventional additives = 20 such as rheology modifiers, defoarams, coalescenta and preservatives.
Best Modes for Performing the Invention The invention will now be thither discussed with reference to the following . examples. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative and not restrictive.
-Example 1.
= .
Ingredient , Function Quantity (kg) Quinaeridone Magenta . Pigment 20kg TM
ratan 1124 (Robin & Haas) Dispersant 4kg Functions,Hoed polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant .4kg Inc) Anionic Divetsant , Mryzol I tt4 62 (Rohm & Haas) õA.11#1iy 1314 AIka1i Soluble Ink Polymer Binder 1 Calcium Carbonate Extender_ 501%
õ = .
PR3230 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80kg Acrylic Disjiersion Propylene Glycol Freeze/thaw 6 kg stability =
TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2kg = Alkali Swellable neology Modifier Modifier AorysoitR1 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology 2kg Alkali Swellable neology Modifier Modifier AoryscXXSE 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 8-10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid ' grouPs (Alkali Swellable Thickener) =
AMP or MBA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser = k Water 9.s. 2001, lexionoPte 2 ' Ingredie0 _runetion Quaid* (kg) Peainone Orange Pigment 1014 = Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta etment =
Uamp1e 3 3. 'Terre Verte Maio Blue Pigment: 4 kg = Raw Sienna Pigment: 68.25kg Remainder as for Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta .
Pigment or calcium. carbonate ' 1r4Cample 4 4. Blue tack Pthalo Blue 101%
2.5kg ReCarbmoanindBerlackas per Example 1 except no Quinacridone Magenta Pigment Example 5 5. Ultramarine Blue Pigment 100kg Remainder as for Example I
except no Quinacridone Magenta = ' pigment or calcium carbonate _ The thickeners may be varied depending on the main pigments being used in order to get a uniform viscosity. The alkali swellable thickener in the examples may be substituted with other conventional alkali swellable thickeners as discusted above.
a The amount of Alkali Soluble Ink polymer may be varied to control the rate of TM
drying. For Acrysol 1-62 in the examples above amounts may be varied from about 4kg to about.20kg/200L. Preferred amounts are from 845 kg/200L more preferably 12 kg/200L. Less than 4kg does not achieve the desired effect. =
;10 The paint making process is the same for any colour and is the conventional procedure which may be summarised as follows. , =
Stage 1: Load: Add water, dispersants, some defoamer as required to control against foam and alkali soluble ink polymer and under agitation using a cavitation mixer such 15 as a TORRACE mixer, add enough substituted amine, such as MBA or TEA, to , neutralize this mixture to desired pH, add the coalescent if used. A
suitable defoamer is manufactured by Henkel under the trade mark Foarnister N84.
Stage 2: At this point the pigment (and extender if used) is added, either in powder 20 fonn; or possibly as a pre-dispersed liquid which has already been procesaed in a bead mill.
Stage 3: Add a portion of the thickener and disperse.
25 Stage 4: Let down: Add the acrylic binder dispersion, the rheology modifiers and remainder of the thickener and the propylene glycol.
Stage 5: Add sufficient water to make 200L and stir until The batch is uniform.
=
Extunple 6 . =
In edient rune:Ion I uan Lt..
Quinacridone Magenta Pigment Pigment 20kg =
= __________________________________________________________ Qat= Carbonate Extender 501%
OrotaiZ124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 41%
Punctionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Chemicals Dispersant 4kg In(),=Ani'onic Dispersant AC 2235 (Rohm & Haas) Binder 80kg = Acrylic Dispersion =
Tomo! (Eastman Chemical Company) Coalescent 2kg 4 Ester alcohol TT615 (Rohm & Haas) Theology Modifier 1.54 = =
Alkali Swetiable itheckigy Modifier TM-Aorgvol ASH 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 10kg =
Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid licauPs (Alkali Swellable Thickener) ,A =
- TM _____________________ -Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier Alkali Swellable Rbeolo ivlodirtat_ Pnapylene Glycol Freeze/thaw stabflizer 4kg _ Joncty1142 (Johnson Wax Co) , Auxiliary Binder 10kg = ___________________________________________________ Atiadi Soluble Ink Polymer AMP or IAEA to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water = _ q.a= 200 L
=
=
=
Example 7 Ingredient '. Function Quantity (1%) Arylamide Yellow Pigment 20 X 70 Pigment 20kg = Orotan 1124 (Rohm & Haas) Dispersant 4kg - Functionalised polyacrylate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surrynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 41cg Chemical? Inc).Anion.ic Dispecsant AC 1-1955 Binder 80kg (Rohm & Haas) Alkali Soluble Acglic Dispersion -Texanol (Eastman Chemical Co) Coalescent 21cg Ester 810101 -TT615 (Rolut & Haas) Rheology Modifier 21cg Alkali Swellable Rhoology Niodifter , Acrysol ASE 60 (Rohm St Haas) Thickener 10kg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid groups = (Alkali Swellable Thickener) TM =
Luckkaus 361 (Rohm & Haas) Auxiliary Binder 10kg water-based polystyrene/acrylic emulsion õ..(Allcali Soluble Ink Polymer ) =
AMP or lAHA., to pH 9.3 Neutraliser Water 200L
=
Example 8 Ingredient Function Quantity (kg) Pthalo Green Pigment Pigment 20kg Calcium Carbonate I3xtender ___________________ 50kg __ TM
Orota-n 1124 (Rohm & Haas) = Dispersant 4kg Fun.ctionalised polyacryiate copolymer (Anionic Dispersant) Surfynol CT-171 (Air Products & Dispersant 4kg Chemicals Inc) Anionic Dispersant .Actonal 290D (BASF) Binder 80kg Styrene/acrylic copolynier dispersion .
T.exanol (Eastman Chemical Co) Coalescent 2kg =
Ester alcohol Acrysol DR72 (Rohm & Haas) Rheology Modifier 2kg Alkali Swellable Itheolog,y Modifier Aerysol ASB 60 (Rohm & Haas) Thickener 101cg Acrylic polymer containing carboxylic acid .8rotiPs =
(Alkali Swellable Thickener) Polyphobe TR117 (Union Carbide) Thickener Ikg Jcintayl 142 (Johnson Wax Co) Auxiliary Binder 10kg Alkali Soluble Ink Polymer AMP or MBA to p119.3 Neutraliser Water (IA. 2001, Compositions were prepared according to examples 1 to 8 and used under studio - 6 conditions and outdoors to prepare artworks on conventional substrates using conventional palettes and brushes. It was found that "wet in wet" painting techniques could be exercised for a full day and in some portions of the artworks on a second day, provided that water sprays were used.
13 "*
1Cey to examples 9 - 31 .
. f , __ ¨ = .--Lagredient Manufacturer Quantity (kg) _ Surfynol CT-171 Air Products & 'Chemicals Dispersant (anionic dispersant) Inc .
im . _ Orotan 1124 Rohm & Haas Dispersant ecggizi_tc4441,9_2215) Mergal M1014 . Troy Corporation Biocide -= TM
Polyphase AF3Troy Corporation Fungicide = _ -- , T/vf Foatnaster NS-1 Henkel , Defoamer L Propylene glycol Shell Peiroleum Freezelthaw stability õ _ . ..
AMP-95 Dow Chemicals , Neutridiser , ,. -Primal SF-017 Rohm & Haas Binder Water dispersible acrylic polymer . __ ..
Acrygon.T..6i5 . Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier I
(alkali swellable theology .
modifier) __________________ Acrysol DR-I Rohm & Haas Rheology modifier (alkali swellable theology ,.
modifier) , ViscalikV-30 . .,,Ciba Specialty Chemicals Thickener Amysol 1-62 Rohm & Haas Auxiliary binder (alkali soluble polymer) - . :,, Omyctub-2 Omya-Southem Chemicals Extender , (calcium carbonate) Air Products & Chemicals Non-foaming wetting agent , Envirogen AD Surfactant Inc.
=
Example 9 .
. .
, . .
, Ingredient Quantity ('ky) ¨ , Stafriol CT-171 1 _ .
, Orotan 1124 = 1.5 ' =
Propylene Glycol 6 ¨
.Mergal K1ON 03 = Pc=1YPhase AF3 03 Foamaster NS-I . 0.5 . _ . AMP-95 = 4 -Primal SF-017 . 85 _ 'AcrysolfT-615 1 , - im-- .
, Acrysol DR-I 1 - = _ .
Vie . 1 f'1V,30 s Aorysol -62 10 _ , Pigment Merlin Super Copper 50 .
,Water , .5.s. 200L
-Example 10 , bouredient = = - Quantity 40 .
. Surfynol C1-171 2 rota-Z.41124 3 ' _ , = ..= =-4.,- obraol , 6 Marital ..- I 0.3 , Po = ., _1: -, ' Foxtprpas NS-I _ _00.. 53 Put,* SF-017 85 , ==,,,f = õ 415 ' _ 1 .
AArisol, ' ' -1 1 _irpodwAr-so . _ ,, , 10 Aoryaolt-62 ,10 Pigment Shepherd Green 260 100 , Water = . a.e. 200L , :
=
Example 11 Ingredient 9uantity (kg) S .01 CT-171 0.5 Orotan 1124 1,5 Propylene Glycol 6 McrgaTICION 0.3 Polyphaii AF3- 0.3 Foaraaster NS-1 0.5 Omyaoarb-2 = . 50 AMP-95 5 >
Primal SF-017 85 AcilasoV1T-61.5 s- = = f Aerysol DR-1 =1 TM
Visealex HV-30 12 *ow.
, Aervao11-6.2 10 Pigment: Red 3705 50 * Water ci.s. 2001, Example 12 _ Quantity Ord Surrynol CT-171 0.5 , Orotarg1124 15 Pturrylene (Nyco,.
,PolypliailEAF3 0.3 Foamaster NS-1 0.5 AMP-95 , 5 .
, Primal SF-017 85 ?ITT
Acryso -615 1 _ < Aetyaolt011.-1 1 myil(2_4441r.,_rmilv_30õ
Aerysol 1-62 10 . 16 _ ________________________________________________________ Pigment Pinic 304/80 ___________________ 17.5 , ,Pigment: Red F1FT 20 Waterq.s. 200L _________________________________________ ... _ Example 13 - , , ,11n4red1ent Quantity(kg) , Slat:poi CT-171 " 0.5 TM
, Orotan 1124 1.5 , Propylene Glycol 6 , Mer: al KlON = 0.3 , Polyphase AF3 0.3 0f = il Foamasterr NS-1 05 . _ Orayacarb-2 , ... 50 _ Primal SF-017 85 Acvsol TT-615 . 1 , o1 DR-1. , .
Viscalex 11V-30 12 Aczysol 1-62 = 10 Pionent RCL 595 36 .0 . ________________________________________________________ '=-0 Pigment Pink 304/80 30 . . =
- *-Water . = . q.s. 200L
' Example 14 , =
1 , ...
biarediertt , . QuantitY O.
Surtynol CT-171 TM
Oro* m 1124 1.5 .
Propylone Gl.yool 6 -MeritimK40N 0.3 Pot A. ha AF3 . 0.3 I'm Foamaster NS-1 03 _ Omyacarb-2 50 =,- 4 AMP-95 . 4 Primal SF-017 85 .
' .
_____ Tht e a =-= '-'-'-' , .
Aprysel IT-615 = 1 .
Aoysol DR-1 , , mfiki.r.m..............========am."
ViscstlXriV-308 ¨.............04._____ " -.-- µ-=
Acrysol 1-62 10 _ , , Pigment RCL 595 . 36 ' , Pigment Violet C10 62 Water q.s. 2001, ' õ
Example 15 .
, -Jngredient Ouantity (kg) , - , _ ..1 CT-171 05 .
TM
Orotan 1124 , ,. 15 Propylene Glycol 6 ' Mergal X.1014 03 Th4 Polyphase AF3 , , 03 Poamaster NS-1 _05 Omyacarb:2 ), , õ
'. Prbnal SF-017 _________________________________________ Arsysol 1T-615 1 , Acrysol DR.-1 , 1 .. _______________________________________________________ TN' viscata gv-31a11 Acrysol 1-62 10 __ ... , o ___ \ Pigment Red Fble ,60 _Water q.s. 2001, __ Example 16 ., _______________________________________________________ QuantW (kg) , Surfynol Cr-171 Ø25...................................
.0rotaitm1124 0.75 . ...
õ
Propylene Glycol 6 , klerkallti ON 0.3 Po1yphaiemAF3 _ . 0,3 FoamasterliNS-I_ 0.5 .
.
,.
, Omyacarb-2, 2,5 , t - .
AMP-95 5...
Primal SP-017 85 . Acrysol 17-615 I
, TM ' ___ _./S.4....t.p.11.-1õ*... 1 Viacale:NV-30 10 ., , Acrysol 1-62 ' 10 Pigment: RCL 595 60 - , Pigment: Mae 2gax,- - 6.5 ' Pigment: Green 1211/79 10.5 . , Water q.s. 2001, _ - .
Example 17 ingredient Quantityi'kg) .
Stufriol cr-171 05 _ .
Orotaimi 124 .
Pro* -* * (11 al . Merjital KiON , , 0.3 Pn1Ynbas7A.P3 0.3 Foamastels-1 0.5 r _ Omyacarb-2 50 . _ , ... .
, AMP-95 5 _ Primal SF-017 85 ___________ , ___ Acrtel rr-615 õ , 1 . .
, rm _ Acrya901,-1 1 ... = ,:: s -,,,, .. =
. viscalex irv-.3o 10 =
. ........._...N...õ....¨,........_________ ., _ Aeryaol-1-62 10 * .
Pigment RCL 595......J75,.,, Plgatent Yellow 1811/82 2 ... , = _ Pigment Yellow C16 10 .. Water _ 4.8. 200I.,*
-;
*
,., - Example 18 .
. .
In*eillent QuantitY OW , =Surepaol CT-171 1.5 Osotan I124 2.25 ' Propytie Glycol 6 Menai 1(10N 03 .
_ ' Polyphase AF3 . 0.3 , 44 FO$3112Ster NS-1 õ 0.5 Primal SF-017 85 --I
=
AngeolIT-615 1 .
Amyknl pit-i I
, = ,ViscalitINV-30 11 _ = = , Aerysor1-62 10 .
-.
Pigment Black Oxide 318. 70 ' , Water cl-s, 200L , Example 19 .
=
1ntredlent 9uantitijk,g) ....sel CT-171 0.25 , Orotall1124 0.75 ,.....lirr. Elyi col 6 Mortal &ION 0.3 .
' PolyphilLAF31,4 0.3 !ammet . er NS-1 = 0.5 A
= Omyacsah-2 25 AMP-95. 4 Prhnal SF-017 85 ________________________________________ ,--..-..rm =
ACTISKII. ryr-6 I 5 . ___________________ 1 ''"--&Mot DR-1 = 1 r---TM
Visas's& 11V-30 _ ___________ rm 8 , ___________________________________________________________ , Aursont-62 10 ¨
' Pigment RCL 595 150 .
Water _q.s. 200L
- . , _ .
.Example 20 ________________________________________ -T ______________ Ingredient _________________________________ quantity (kg) Surf,or 1 Cr-171 1.5 rota:141124 - r2..25 Propylene Gly0016 =
' Meriteint014 03 PolYpheinge3 0.3 Postonster NS-1 0.5 = aMP-95 4.5 Primal SF-017 Acryttol DIL-1 = 1 -=
. ViacateD1V-30 ________________________ \ JO
= Pigment RS 210 68 *Ater g.s.2001, Examples 21-31 exemplify paint compositions of the invention that are more like a tracfitional gouache.
Example 21 =
Absolute matte: ultramarine blue .Intredtent thanes 0140 =
Surfing CT-171. 5.5 , r941141124 2.25 rxtrtle *reel 12 Meg* KlON 0.2 PottnitatZ145-1 0.5 Eavirosken ad surfactant 0.2 -Primal SF-017 40 \ =
, Aczysol Tr-615 , =
Viscalex R1-30 8 TM
Aerysol 1-62 --Pi.gment.:=ultra blue = =. 'or RX 75 Water ,. 9.a. 200L ' Example 22 .
Absolute matte: napthol red light Ingredient quantity (kg) Surfyn.ol CT-171* , 4.4 Orotar1124 12 =
P = = eneool - 12 Nita-gal K1ON 02 tif Faamaster ikTS-10.5 , Envirogen AD surfactant ' 0.2 Ornyaearb 2 , , 60 AMP-95 , 4 _ _ Primal SF-017 ' 40 =
AczysolIT-615 1 Acrysql D1L-1 , 1 FM uir"
. ______ Tatt4 ' 3II- - 6 ,=
Aorysol 1-62 10 -. Pigment red frIl 50 I Water , , 9.s. 200L , ... .
Example 23 ., __________________________________________________ ' Absolute matte: cobalt turquoise light -, .
, ingXed104 , Quantit/ pig) ,, .
Surfynol CT-171 6 T1$4 Orotan 1124 3 ..
Propylenellyeol 12 M ; 114tCI0N
TM . .õ=
--=
Prianniste;148-1 0.5 - ..
. Envfrogen AD surfactant 0.2 _______ . =
÷ .
Primal 8F-017 = 40 Amy's; ortrf-615 1 -Mayan' DR-1 1 Visealeat HV-30 8 , Acvsor1-62 9 Pigmentilacolor turquoise 22-5500p 100 Water 4L 200L
Example 24 . , Absolute matte: titanium white =
Ingredient Quantiltrfkg) Sttrfyrio1 Cr-171 4.4 Orotun 1124 1.2 Propylene 4ycol 12 Metritil0N 0.2 Foajnast4f1484 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 0.2 =
Omyacarb 2 60 Primal SF-017 -------------40 ,.. , Actysol Tr-615 Acrysol ACTAYSOLDIV1 = Visca1eimf1V-30 XerysolY-62 =10 Pigment RCL 595 150 Water = q.a. 200L
Example 25 ' Absolute matte: chromiumsreen oxide Ingredient QuentitY (kg) Surfynol CT-171 5.8 õ
Orotaitm1124 _ 3.6 , Propylene g/yeol 12 1 __ Mersal KlON 02 1oareastCrliNS-1 0.5 Envirogen AD surfactant 02 Oniyacarb 2 40 _ Prima141F-017 40 Aorysol,TT-615 1 1.M
AorYsol ACRYSOL DR-1 1 Visca1eimilV-30 , Acrysol 1-62 , 10 Pigment: green oxide 86099 80 Water _q.s. 200L
18.1:amp1e 26 Absolute matte: pthalo blue (red shade) Ingredient Quantity Surfrol CT-171 4.5 Oat 124 1.2 _ .
Propylene glycol 12 , MerguraltiON
Foamaste1rNS-1 0.5 Envirox_en AD surfactant , 0.2 Omynearb 2 70 Primal SP-017 45 AmystP11.-615 1 Amysol 1?)3.-1 1 Vieca1elorHAV-30 6 .
TM õ . .
Aerysol 1-62 10 Pifiteent:13lue 303/81 , 30 Water 2001, Example 27 Absolute matte: pthalo green . .
Ingredient ' Quantity OEM
Surrynol CT-171 4.5 Orotair1124 1.5 Propylleiplycol 12 Merp;a1K10N , 0.2 Foamaater NS-1 0.5 =
Envtrogen AD surfactant 0.2 Omyacarb 2 70 = Primal SP-017 = 40 = =
AcrirsorilT-615 1 Aerysol DR-1 1 Vaca1e:PM-30 6 =
Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: green 1211/79 30 Water q.s. 200L
Example 28 =
___________________ Absolute matte: burnt umber Ingredient QuaiititY ace) Surfirnol cr-rn 5.6 OrotaInmi 1204 2.4 Prepylnne_idycol 12 ' . MeMark-10N 0.2 Poamastern4N5-1 0.5 Euvirogen Al) surfactant 0.2 . AMP-95 4 Primal SP-017 40 AcrysorTT-615 1 Acryson5R-1 1 Visca1ekm11V-30 6 =
25 .
Acrysol 1-62 8 Pigment: 11t1 524 80 Water q.s. 2001, Example 29 Absolute matte: carbon black , Ingredient quantity (kg) Surfynol CT-171 4.3 Qlotan 1124 0.9 Propylieince_glycol 12 Mergal 15,11014 0.2 Foamaater NS-1 0.5 13nvirogen. AD surfactant 0.2 Orayacarb 2 50 Primal SF-017 ' 49 _Acrysol TT-615 1 Aoryso !R-1 1 Viacaleg -30 6 AcrysoN-62 6.6 Pig,ment. black 43/77vb 30 Water . q.s. 200L
. , Example 30 =
Absolute matte: burnt sienna Ingredient 9nan1llY (kV
Surfynol CT-171 5.6 TM Orotan 1124 2.4 PlopyIennslycol ita Iviergai K ION 0.2 Foamaster S-1 0.5 .õ
Envirogen AD surfactant , 0.2 A/vie-95 4 Primal SF-017 A.crysol TT-615 1 AorysoltR-1 TM
VIVA* fiV-30 7 =
Acrysol 1-62 10 Pigment: BS 310 80 . Water 200L
Example 31 Absolute matte: cobalt blue hue Ingredient quantity flig) Surfynol CT-171 _ 4.5 nA
Orotan 1124 1.5 Propylene glycol 12 Mea11ON 0.2 Folimaster NS-1 0.5 Envirogen AI) surfactant 02 Ornyacarb 2 70 Primal SF-017 45 ACrYSOLTD6 15 1 Acrysol DR-1 1 Viscalex. riV-30 8 Acrysol 142 11.5 Pigment: RCL 595 9 Water 2001, _ The present invention gives an. artist considerably more time to develop an artistic piece while still retaining the benefits of using water-based acrylic paints (such as low amounts of volatile organic compounds, excellent colour retention and brushes being able to be washed out in water). The invention provides paint compositions with increased open time without loss of appropriate viscosity and with desirable final film properties once the amine has evaporated.
Claims (22)
1. A water-based artists paint composition consisting essentially of:
at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide a desired pigmentation of the paint composition;
at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase an open time of the composition so that the paint composition remains workable and may be blended and altered, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH
of from 7 to 11;
at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof;
a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer;
and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide a desired pigmentation of the paint composition;
at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase an open time of the composition so that the paint composition remains workable and may be blended and altered, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH
of from 7 to 11;
at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11, said amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof;
a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer;
and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
2. The paint composition according to claim 1 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from 7.5 to 9.5.
3. The paint composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the at least one substituted amine is in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7.5 to 9.5.
4. The paint composition according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from 1:4 to 1:20.
5. The paint composition according to any one of claims 1-3 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range of 1:1 to 1:3.
6. The paint composition according to any one of claims 1-5 wherein the composition further comprises one or more dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents or preservatives or mixtures thereof.
7. The paint composition according to any one of claims 1-6 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof.
8. A method of extending the open time of a conventional water-based acrylic artists' paint composition not including an alkali soluble polymer, the method consisting essentially of including in the conventional composition at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase an open time of the composition so that the paint composition remains workable and may be blended and altered, said polymer being selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from 7 to 11;
and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11.
and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6 alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11.
9. A method of controlling the open time of a water-based acrylic artists' paint composition consisting essentially of at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase an open time of the composition so that the paint remains workable and may be blended and altered, and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6alcohol amines, C1-6 alkyl C1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11, the method comprising periodically applying to the composition one or more of:
(a) water;
(b) a first medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6alcohol amines, C1-6alkyl C1-6alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11; and (c) a second medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
(a) water;
(b) a first medium comprising at least one alkali soluble polymer and at least one substituted amine selected from the group consisting of C1-6alcohol amines, C1-6alkyl C1-6alcohol amines and mixtures thereof in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7 to 11; and (c) a second medium comprising at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer.
10. The method according to claim 9 wherein the water-based acrylic artists' paint composition is as defined in any one of claims 1-7.
11. The method according to claim 8 wherein the composition further comprises one or more dispersants, rheology modifiers, defoamers, coalescents or preservatives and mixtures thereof.
12. The method according to claim 8 or 11 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is selected from the group consisting of polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7.5 to 9.5.
13 The method according to any one of claims 8, 11 or 12 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from 1:4 to 1:20.
14. The method according to any one of claims 8 or 11-13 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from 1:1 to 1:3.
15. The method according to any one of claims 8 or 11-14 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof.
16. A process of making a water-based artists' paint composition consisting essentially of at least one alkali soluble polymer, at least one substituted amine, at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer, and at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener, the process comprising adding the at least one alkali soluble polymer in an amount effective to increase an open time of the composition so that the paint composition remains workable and may be blended or altered, said polymer being selected from polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of 7-11; and at least one substituted amine in an amount effective to adjust the pH to 7-11, said amine selected from C1-6alcohol amines, C1-6alkylC1-6 alcohol amines and mixtures thereof;
a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer;
and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
a binding effective amount of at least one water dispersible acrylic polymer;
and an effective amount of at least one alkali soluble or alkali swellable thickener.
17. The process according to claim 16, further comprising adding at least one pigment in an effective amount to provide a selected pigmentation.
18. The process according to claim 16 or 17 further comprising adding one or more dispersants, rheological modifiers, defoamers, coalescents or preservatives and mixtures thereof.
19. The process according to any one of claims 16-18 wherein the at least one alkali soluble polymer is selected from polymers soluble at ambient temperature and pressure in an aqueous solution having a pH of 7.5-9.5.
20. The process according to any one of claims 16-19 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range from 1:4 to 1:20.
21. The process according to any one of claims 16-20 wherein the weight ratio of alkali soluble polymer to water dispersible acrylic polymer is in the range of 1:1 to 1:3.
22. The process according to any one of claims 16-21 wherein the at least one substituted amine is selected from the group consisting of aminomethylpropanol (AMP), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) and mixtures thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2005903740A AU2005903740A0 (en) | 2005-07-15 | Paint Composition | |
| AU2005903740 | 2005-07-15 | ||
| PCT/AU2006/000989 WO2007009161A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2006-07-14 | Paint composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2615196A1 CA2615196A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| CA2615196C true CA2615196C (en) | 2013-10-29 |
Family
ID=37668334
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2615196A Expired - Fee Related CA2615196C (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2006-07-14 | Paint composition |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7851545B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1904590B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2615196C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ592395A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007009161A1 (en) |
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| US20130289196A1 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2013-10-31 | Shurtape Technologies, Llc | Film forming formulation for textured surfaces |
| CN102732121B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-11-26 | 四川省科思诺新材料科技有限公司 | Composition for water-based glass bottle baking varnish |
| US9567474B2 (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2017-02-14 | Aie Finsol Pty Limited | Sprayable composition for stabilising broken glass and method of applying same |
| US20150166813A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-18 | Aie Finsol Pty Limited | Sprayable composition for stabilising broken glass and method of applying same |
| US20150239283A1 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-27 | Howard S. Clark | Methods of making an artwork and artworks so formed |
| US10400113B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2019-09-03 | Chroma Australia Pty Limited | Watercolour paint compositions and their use |
| US10669431B2 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2020-06-02 | Chroma Australia Pty Limited | Method of controlling a paint composition |
| AU2017231100B2 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2021-04-08 | Chroma Australia Pty Limited | Washable paint composition |
| AU2016201626B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-05-05 | Aie Finsol Pty Limited | A sprayable composition for stabilising broken glass and method of applying same |
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-
2006
- 2006-07-14 WO PCT/AU2006/000989 patent/WO2007009161A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-07-14 NZ NZ592395A patent/NZ592395A/en unknown
- 2006-07-14 US US11/995,516 patent/US7851545B2/en active Active
- 2006-07-14 EP EP06760851.3A patent/EP1904590B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-07-14 CA CA2615196A patent/CA2615196C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080194745A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
| CA2615196A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| EP1904590A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
| EP1904590B1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
| US7851545B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
| NZ592395A (en) | 2012-11-30 |
| WO2007009161A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| EP1904590A4 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20190715 |