CA2693306A1 - Improved thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements - Google Patents

Improved thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA2693306A1
CA2693306A1 CA2693306A CA2693306A CA2693306A1 CA 2693306 A1 CA2693306 A1 CA 2693306A1 CA 2693306 A CA2693306 A CA 2693306A CA 2693306 A CA2693306 A CA 2693306A CA 2693306 A1 CA2693306 A1 CA 2693306A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
layer
optical element
bulk
substrate
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA2693306A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2693306C (en
Inventor
John S. Anderson
Nelson F. Brummel
David J. Cammenga
Gary J. Dozeman
Jeffrey A. Forgette
Henry A. Luten
George A. Neuman
Lansen M. Perron
Bruce G. Poe
William L. Tonar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gentex Corp
Original Assignee
Gentex Corporation
John S. Anderson
Nelson F. Brummel
David J. Cammenga
Gary J. Dozeman
Jeffrey A. Forgette
Henry A. Luten
George A. Neuman
Lansen M. Perron
Bruce G. Poe
William L. Tonar
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gentex Corporation, John S. Anderson, Nelson F. Brummel, David J. Cammenga, Gary J. Dozeman, Jeffrey A. Forgette, Henry A. Luten, George A. Neuman, Lansen M. Perron, Bruce G. Poe, William L. Tonar filed Critical Gentex Corporation
Publication of CA2693306A1 publication Critical patent/CA2693306A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2693306C publication Critical patent/CA2693306C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/04—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted inside vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/06—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B60R1/083—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B60R1/083—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
    • B60R1/085—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a combination of interchangeable reflecting surfaces, e.g. reversible mirrors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3647—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer in combination with other metals, silver being more than 50%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3649—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer made of metals other than silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
    • C03C17/3663—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties specially adapted for use as mirrors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6722—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light with adjustable passage of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B60R2001/1215—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with information displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B60R2001/1223—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with sensors or transducers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B60R2001/1253—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with cameras, video cameras or video screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
    • B60R2300/108—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used using 'non-standard' camera systems, e.g. camera sensor used for additional purposes i.a. rain sensor, camera sensor split in multiple image areas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/34—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 reflector

Abstract

Electro-optic elements are becoming commonplace in a number of vehicular and architectural applications.
Various electro-op-tic element configurations provide variable transmittance and or variable reflectance for windows and mirrors. The present invention relates to var-ious thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporat-ing these elements.

Claims (20)

1. An optical element, comprising:

a first substrate comprising a first and second surface, the first substrate comprising at least one first layer of material on at least one of the first and second surfaces, wherein the at least one first layer comprises an outer surface that has been modified such that the outer surface comprises an atom type not present in a bulk of the at least one first layer and an atom type present in the bulk of the at least one first layer, and that advances at least a select one of adhesion, stability, nucleation and conductivity of a second layer that is adjacent to the outer surface of the at least one first layer.
2. The optical element of claim 1, wherein the optical element comprises an electro-optic element.
3. The optical element of claim 2, further comprising:

a second substrate comprising a third and fourth surface, wherein the first and second substrate cooperate to form a cavity therebetween; and an electrochromic medium located within the cavity.
4. The optical element of claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the at least one first layer is modified with a member of the chalcogenide group of elements.
5. The optical element of claim 4, wherein the outer surface of the at least one first layer is modified with at least one of sulfur and selenium.
6. The optical element of claim 1, wherein a majority of the atom type not present in the bulk of the at least one first layer is located at a depth of between 1 and 10 atomic layers of the outer surface.
7. The optical element of claim 6, wherein a majority of the atom type not present in the bulk of the at least one first layer is located at a depth of between 1 and 5 atomic layers of the outer surface.
8. The optical element of claim 7, wherein a majority of the atom type not present in the bulk of the at least one first layer is located at a depth of between 1 and 2 atomic layers of the outer surface.
9. The optical element of claim 1, wherein the at least one first layer comprises at least one of a non-metal, a metal, and a metal oxide.
10. The optical element of claim 9, wherein the at least one first layer comprises at least a select one of ITO, IZO, zinc oxide, AZO, TiO2, w, Mo, Fe, Tu, Ox, Co, Rh, Ir, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi.
11. A method for manufacturing an optical element, comprising:

providing a first substrate comprising a first and second surface, the first substrate comprising at least one first layer of material on at least one of the first and second surfaces; and modifying an outer surface of the at least one layer such that the outer surface includes an atom type not present in a bulk of the at least one first layer and an atom type present in the bulk of the at least one first layer, and that advances at least a select one of a of adhesion, stability, nucleation and conductivity of a second layer that is adjacent to the surface of the at least one first layer.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the modifying step comprises at least one of ion implantation, plasma treatment, chemical treatment, and physical vapor deposition.
13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

providing a second substrate comprising a third and fourth surface, wherein the first and second substrate cooperate to form a cavity therebetween; and providing an electrochromic medium located within the cavity.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the modifying step includes modifying the outer surface of the at least one layer with a member of the chalcogenide group of elements.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the modifying step includes modifying the outer surface of the at least one first layer with at least one of sulfur and selenium.
16. The method of claim 11, wherein the modifying step results in a majority of the atom type not present in the bulk of the at least one layer being located at a depth of between 1 and 10 atomic layers of the outer surface.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the modifying step results in a majority of the atom type not present in the bulk of the at least one layer being located at a depth of between 1 and 5 atomic layers of the outer surface.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the modifying step results in a majority of the atom type not present in the bulk of the at least one layer being located at a depth of between 1 and 2 atomic layers of the outer surface.
19. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of providing the first substrate comprises providing the at least one first layer as comprising at least one of a non-metal, a metal, and a metal oxide.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of providing the first substrate comprises providing the at least one first layer as comprising at least a select one of ITO, IZO, zinc oxide, AZO, TiO2, w, Mo, Fe, Tu, Ox, Co, Rh, Ir, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, and Bi.
CA2693306A 2007-08-03 2008-08-01 Improved thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements Active CA2693306C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/833,701 2007-08-03
US11/833,701 US7746534B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2007-08-03 Thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements
PCT/US2008/071875 WO2009020846A1 (en) 2007-08-03 2008-08-01 Improved thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2693306A1 true CA2693306A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CA2693306C CA2693306C (en) 2011-04-19

Family

ID=40341658

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2693306A Active CA2693306C (en) 2007-08-03 2008-08-01 Improved thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7746534B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2183642B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4751961B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100997280B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101784951B (en)
CA (1) CA2693306C (en)
WO (1) WO2009020846A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (120)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5910854A (en) 1993-02-26 1999-06-08 Donnelly Corporation Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices
US5668663A (en) 1994-05-05 1997-09-16 Donnelly Corporation Electrochromic mirrors and devices
US6891563B2 (en) * 1996-05-22 2005-05-10 Donnelly Corporation Vehicular vision system
US6326613B1 (en) 1998-01-07 2001-12-04 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle interior mirror assembly adapted for containing a rain sensor
US6172613B1 (en) 1998-02-18 2001-01-09 Donnelly Corporation Rearview mirror assembly incorporating vehicle information display
US6124886A (en) 1997-08-25 2000-09-26 Donnelly Corporation Modular rearview mirror assembly
US8294975B2 (en) 1997-08-25 2012-10-23 Donnelly Corporation Automotive rearview mirror assembly
US8288711B2 (en) 1998-01-07 2012-10-16 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror system with forwardly-viewing camera and a control
US6445287B1 (en) 2000-02-28 2002-09-03 Donnelly Corporation Tire inflation assistance monitoring system
US6477464B2 (en) 2000-03-09 2002-11-05 Donnelly Corporation Complete mirror-based global-positioning system (GPS) navigation solution
US6329925B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2001-12-11 Donnelly Corporation Rearview mirror assembly with added feature modular display
US6693517B2 (en) 2000-04-21 2004-02-17 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle mirror assembly communicating wirelessly with vehicle accessories and occupants
US7370983B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2008-05-13 Donnelly Corporation Interior mirror assembly with display
WO2001064481A2 (en) 2000-03-02 2001-09-07 Donnelly Corporation Video mirror systems incorporating an accessory module
US7167796B2 (en) 2000-03-09 2007-01-23 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle navigation system for use with a telematics system
US7855755B2 (en) 2005-11-01 2010-12-21 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror assembly with display
ES2287266T3 (en) 2001-01-23 2007-12-16 Donnelly Corporation IMPROVED VEHICLE LIGHTING SYSTEM.
US7255451B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2007-08-14 Donnelly Corporation Electro-optic mirror cell
US7581859B2 (en) 2005-09-14 2009-09-01 Donnelly Corp. Display device for exterior rearview mirror
WO2006124682A2 (en) 2005-05-16 2006-11-23 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle mirror assembly with indicia at reflective element
US7186648B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2007-03-06 Novellus Systems, Inc. Barrier first method for single damascene trench applications
US6764940B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2004-07-20 Novellus Systems, Inc. Method for depositing a diffusion barrier for copper interconnect applications
US7781327B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2010-08-24 Novellus Systems, Inc. Resputtering process for eliminating dielectric damage
US8043484B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2011-10-25 Novellus Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for resputtering process that improves barrier coverage
US6918674B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2005-07-19 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle rearview mirror system
US7329013B2 (en) 2002-06-06 2008-02-12 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror system with compass
WO2003105099A1 (en) 2002-06-06 2003-12-18 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror system with compass
WO2004026633A2 (en) 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Donnelly Corporation Mirror reflective element assembly
US7310177B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2007-12-18 Donnelly Corporation Electro-optic reflective element assembly
US7842605B1 (en) 2003-04-11 2010-11-30 Novellus Systems, Inc. Atomic layer profiling of diffusion barrier and metal seed layers
US8298933B2 (en) 2003-04-11 2012-10-30 Novellus Systems, Inc. Conformal films on semiconductor substrates
US7446924B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2008-11-04 Donnelly Corporation Mirror reflective element assembly including electronic component
US7308341B2 (en) 2003-10-14 2007-12-11 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle communication system
US7855147B1 (en) 2006-06-22 2010-12-21 Novellus Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for engineering an interface between a diffusion barrier layer and a seed layer
US7645696B1 (en) 2006-06-22 2010-01-12 Novellus Systems, Inc. Deposition of thin continuous PVD seed layers having improved adhesion to the barrier layer
US7510634B1 (en) 2006-11-10 2009-03-31 Novellus Systems, Inc. Apparatus and methods for deposition and/or etch selectivity
US7682966B1 (en) 2007-02-01 2010-03-23 Novellus Systems, Inc. Multistep method of depositing metal seed layers
US8649083B2 (en) 2007-03-05 2014-02-11 Gentex Corporation Multi-zone mirrors
US8035881B2 (en) 2007-03-05 2011-10-11 Gentex Corporation Multi-zone mirrors
US9274394B2 (en) 2007-03-05 2016-03-01 Gentex Corporation Multi-zone mirrors
US7922880B1 (en) 2007-05-24 2011-04-12 Novellus Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for increasing local plasma density in magnetically confined plasma
US7897516B1 (en) 2007-05-24 2011-03-01 Novellus Systems, Inc. Use of ultra-high magnetic fields in resputter and plasma etching
US7659197B1 (en) * 2007-09-21 2010-02-09 Novellus Systems, Inc. Selective resputtering of metal seed layers
US8154418B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2012-04-10 Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. Interior rearview mirror system
US8017523B1 (en) 2008-05-16 2011-09-13 Novellus Systems, Inc. Deposition of doped copper seed layers having improved reliability
DE102008061403B4 (en) * 2008-12-10 2012-02-09 Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Structure and method for adjusting the polarity of a power source to an electrochromic device
EP2396697A4 (en) * 2009-02-10 2012-08-22 Applied Nanotech Holdings Inc Electrochromic device
US8643931B2 (en) 2009-06-22 2014-02-04 Gentex Corporation Vehicle rearview mirror with spotter mirror
US8557616B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2013-10-15 Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited Method for manufacturing a monolithic LED micro-display on an active matrix panel using flip-chip technology and display apparatus having the monolithic LED micro-display
US8642363B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2014-02-04 Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited Monolithic full-color LED micro-display on an active matrix panel manufactured using flip-chip technology
US9056584B2 (en) 2010-07-08 2015-06-16 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly for a vehicle
US8228590B2 (en) 2010-08-09 2012-07-24 Gentex Corporation Electro-optic system configured to reduce a perceived color change
US8964278B2 (en) 2010-08-09 2015-02-24 Gentex Corporation Electro-optic system configured to reduce a perceived color change
WO2012051294A2 (en) 2010-10-12 2012-04-19 Gentex Corporation Clear bezel
EP2652546A4 (en) * 2010-12-15 2014-09-10 Switch Materials Inc Variable transmittance optical devices
US10571772B2 (en) 2011-01-11 2020-02-25 Ajjer, Llc Added feature electrooptical devices and automotive components
US9073630B2 (en) * 2011-06-09 2015-07-07 Phoenix Products, Inc. Helicopter drip pan apparatus and method of making and using such an apparatus
US8885240B2 (en) 2011-08-04 2014-11-11 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly for a vehicle
EP2566303B1 (en) * 2011-09-02 2018-02-28 Nxp B.V. Lighting system
EP2807902B1 (en) * 2012-01-23 2020-08-19 CONNORS, Robert W. Compact microwave oven
US9316347B2 (en) 2012-01-24 2016-04-19 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly with interchangeable rearward viewing device
US9255029B2 (en) * 2012-04-17 2016-02-09 Guardian Industries Corp. Method of making heat treated coated article using TCO and removable protective film
US8879139B2 (en) 2012-04-24 2014-11-04 Gentex Corporation Display mirror assembly
US9336302B1 (en) 2012-07-20 2016-05-10 Zuci Realty Llc Insight and algorithmic clustering for automated synthesis
US8864322B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2014-10-21 Gentex Corporation Shaped rearview mirror assembly
US9327648B2 (en) 2013-01-04 2016-05-03 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly with exposed carrier plate
US9488892B2 (en) 2013-01-09 2016-11-08 Gentex Corporation Printed appliqué and method thereof
US8867116B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-10-21 Gentex Corporation Distate electrochromic device
AU2014326772B2 (en) 2013-09-24 2017-07-20 Gentex Corporation Display mirror assembly
US20150251588A1 (en) * 2013-11-21 2015-09-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Privacy window assembly
BR112016022363B1 (en) * 2014-04-17 2022-02-22 Saint-Gobain Glass France TRANSPARENT PANEL HAVING AT LEAST ONE ELECTRICALLY HEATED COATING
US9738140B2 (en) * 2014-08-04 2017-08-22 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic devices
US9694751B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2017-07-04 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly
US9694752B2 (en) 2014-11-07 2017-07-04 Gentex Corporation Full display mirror actuator
EP3218227B1 (en) 2014-11-13 2018-10-24 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror system with a display
JP6553186B2 (en) 2014-12-03 2019-07-31 ジェンテックス コーポレイション Display mirror assembly
USD746744S1 (en) 2014-12-05 2016-01-05 Gentex Corporation Rearview device
EP3286038A4 (en) 2015-04-20 2018-04-25 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly with applique
FR3036098B1 (en) * 2015-05-12 2017-05-12 Airbus Operations Sas FOLDING WALL ACCESS DEVICE FOR SECURE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AT LEAST TWO ZONES OF AN ENCLOSURE
CN107614324B (en) 2015-05-18 2020-11-27 金泰克斯公司 Complete display rearview device
EP3310608B1 (en) * 2015-06-16 2022-09-21 Gentex Corporation Heads up display system
WO2017030654A1 (en) 2015-08-14 2017-02-23 Gentex Corporation Heads up display system
CN108349436B (en) 2015-10-30 2019-12-20 金泰克斯公司 Rear-view device
CN108349435B (en) 2015-10-30 2021-06-15 金泰克斯公司 Switching board
KR102073248B1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2020-02-04 젠텍스 코포레이션 Electro-optic gas barrier
USD845851S1 (en) 2016-03-31 2019-04-16 Gentex Corporation Rearview device
EP3444656B1 (en) * 2016-04-05 2022-10-26 Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. Light dimming module
USD817238S1 (en) 2016-04-29 2018-05-08 Gentex Corporation Rearview device
US10025138B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2018-07-17 Gentex Corporation Illuminating display with light gathering structure
USD809984S1 (en) 2016-12-07 2018-02-13 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly
US11205103B2 (en) 2016-12-09 2021-12-21 The Research Foundation for the State University Semisupervised autoencoder for sentiment analysis
USD854473S1 (en) 2016-12-16 2019-07-23 Gentex Corporation Rearview assembly
EP3602193A4 (en) * 2017-03-28 2021-01-06 E Ink Corporation Porous backplane for electro-optic display
WO2018195458A1 (en) 2017-04-20 2018-10-25 Cardinal Ig Company High performance privacy glazing structures
DE18801943T1 (en) * 2017-05-17 2020-06-04 Everix, Inc. ULTRA-THIN, FLEXIBLE THIN-FILM FILTERS WITH SPATIAL OR TIME-VARIOUS OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND MANUFACTURING METHODS THEREFOR
US10705363B2 (en) 2017-07-13 2020-07-07 Cardinal Ig Company Electrical connection configurations for privacy glazing structures
CN111132949B (en) 2017-09-27 2022-11-04 积水化学工业株式会社 Laminated glass
EP3707555A1 (en) 2017-11-06 2020-09-16 Cardinal Ig Company Privacy glazing system with discrete electrical driver
WO2019102284A1 (en) 2017-11-27 2019-05-31 Gentex Corporation Switchable polarized displays
US10824004B2 (en) 2017-11-27 2020-11-03 Gentex Corporation Switchable polarized displays
US11048138B2 (en) 2018-02-22 2021-06-29 Gentex Corporation Nanoparticle resistive films for electrochromic devices, and methods of making the same
WO2019217693A1 (en) 2018-05-09 2019-11-14 Cardinal Ig Company Electrically controllable privacy glazing with energy recapturing driver
US10715705B2 (en) 2018-06-11 2020-07-14 Pony Ai Inc. Characterizing optical characteristics of optical elements
EP4234229A3 (en) 2018-08-17 2024-02-21 Cardinal Ig Company Privacy glazing structure with asymetrical pane offsets for electrical connection configurations
US11474385B1 (en) 2018-12-02 2022-10-18 Cardinal Ig Company Electrically controllable privacy glazing with ultralow power consumption comprising a liquid crystal material having a light transmittance that varies in response to application of an electric field
CN109782506B (en) * 2019-01-10 2021-08-03 上海理工大学 Optically variable glass and optically variable suspension display device
WO2020157726A1 (en) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Gentex Corporation Active infrared illumination for enhancing rear vision from a vehicle
CN113518712A (en) 2019-02-08 2021-10-19 卡迪纳尔Ig公司 Low power driver for privacy glazing
CN109946899A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-06-28 信利光电股份有限公司 A kind of half-reflection and half-transmission formula electrochromic rearview
CN109696784A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-04-30 信利光电股份有限公司 A kind of electrochromic rearview and the vehicles
WO2020194135A1 (en) 2019-03-22 2020-10-01 Gentex Corporation Piezoelectric films with low haze and methods of making and using
KR20220013371A (en) 2019-04-29 2022-02-04 카디날 아이지 컴퍼니 Leakage current detection and control for one or more electrically controllable privacy glass structures
WO2020223297A1 (en) 2019-04-29 2020-11-05 Cardinal Ig Company Systems and methods for operating one or more electrically controllable privacy glazing structures
US11175523B2 (en) 2019-04-29 2021-11-16 Cardinal Ig Company Staggered driving electrical control of a plurality of electrically controllable privacy glazing structures
JP7220332B2 (en) * 2019-09-04 2023-02-09 ツェットカーヴェー グループ ゲーエムベーハー automotive floodlight
CN112711158B (en) * 2019-10-24 2022-08-02 欣兴电子股份有限公司 Electrochromic lens module
EP4139170A4 (en) * 2020-04-23 2023-10-18 Gentex Corporation Discreet opening
CN112526300B (en) * 2020-11-25 2022-08-26 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Spectral response electrochromic film spectral characteristic and insulating property regulation and control method
CN114806254B (en) * 2022-03-21 2023-04-07 航天科工武汉磁电有限责任公司 Low-temperature-resistance environment-friendly infrared stealth material with wave band selection and preparation method thereof
CN114705312B (en) 2022-06-01 2022-09-02 中北大学 Turbine blade surface temperature measuring method

Family Cites Families (136)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1096452A (en) * 1912-05-10 1914-05-12 John G Perrin Automobile side lamp.
US1563258A (en) 1924-04-10 1925-11-24 John A Cunningham Automobile signal
US2457348A (en) 1946-03-07 1948-12-28 Loyal E Harris Combined signal light and rearview mirror
US2561582A (en) * 1949-06-11 1951-07-24 Meyer M Marbel Directional mirror for motor vehicles
US3280701A (en) 1961-09-05 1966-10-25 Donnelly Mirrors Inc Optically variable one-way mirror
US3847701A (en) 1970-02-16 1974-11-12 Fmc Corp Method of making foraminous structures
US3712710A (en) * 1970-12-21 1973-01-23 American Cyanamid Co Solid state electrochromic mirror
JPS5819942Y2 (en) * 1978-05-22 1983-04-25 日産自動車株式会社 Automotive outside mirror
GB8417232D0 (en) 1984-07-06 1984-08-08 Cooke M J Combination mirror
US4733335A (en) * 1984-12-28 1988-03-22 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicular lamp
US4902108A (en) * 1986-03-31 1990-02-20 Gentex Corporation Single-compartment, self-erasing, solution-phase electrochromic devices, solutions for use therein, and uses thereof
US4859813A (en) * 1987-09-04 1989-08-22 Calcomp Inc. Digitizer tablet having electrical interconnect components on the writing substrate
DE3736075A1 (en) 1987-10-24 1989-05-03 Schott Glaswerke ELECTROCHROMIC LAYER PACKAGE
US4827086A (en) * 1987-11-03 1989-05-02 Calcomp Inc. Digitizer cursor coil for reducing edge effect
US4803599A (en) * 1987-11-06 1989-02-07 Wilbrecht Electronics, Inc. Mounting bar structure for electrical signalling and indicating devices
US4855550A (en) * 1988-01-04 1989-08-08 General Electric Company White touch pads for capacitive touch control panels
US5115346A (en) * 1988-02-12 1992-05-19 Donnelly Corporation Anti-scatter, ultraviolet protected, anti-misting, electro-optical rearview mirror
US5355245A (en) * 1988-02-12 1994-10-11 Donnelly Corporation Ultraviolet protected electrochemichromic rearview mirror
US5073012A (en) 1988-02-12 1991-12-17 Donnelly Corporation Anti-scatter, ultraviolet protected, anti-misting, electro-optical assemblies
US5239406A (en) * 1988-02-12 1993-08-24 Donnelly Corporation Near-infrared reflecting, ultraviolet protected, safety protected, electrochromic vehicular glazing
US5017903C1 (en) * 1989-02-21 2002-08-13 Jacob Krippelz Sr Emergency light
DE69019775T2 (en) 1989-03-31 1996-03-07 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Process for making a glass sheet with a seal.
US5016996A (en) * 1989-11-03 1991-05-21 Yasushi Ueno Rearview mirror with operating condition display
US5052163A (en) 1989-11-27 1991-10-01 Georgia Doors & Plywood Service, Inc. Framed panel assembly
US5066112A (en) 1989-12-21 1991-11-19 Donnelly Corporation Perimeter coated, electro-optic mirror
US5355284A (en) 1990-02-20 1994-10-11 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Mirror assembly
US5481409A (en) * 1990-02-20 1996-01-02 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Mirror assembly
US5014167A (en) 1990-02-20 1991-05-07 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Visual signaling apparatus
US5361190A (en) 1990-02-20 1994-11-01 K. W. Muth Co. Inc. Mirror assembly
US5059015A (en) 1990-07-20 1991-10-22 Tran Donald Q Vehicular signal mirror apparatus
US5076673A (en) 1990-08-10 1991-12-31 Donnelly Corporation Prolonged coloration electrochromic assembly
DE69009474T2 (en) * 1990-09-14 1994-12-01 Ibm Method for passivation of etched mirror facets of semiconductor lasers.
US5151824A (en) 1990-11-26 1992-09-29 Donnelly Corporation Vehicular outside mirror assembly
US5293546A (en) * 1991-04-17 1994-03-08 Martin Marietta Corporation Oxide coated metal grid electrode structure in display devices
JP2570483Y2 (en) * 1991-06-13 1998-05-06 忠男 田代 Automotive turn signal device
US5500760A (en) 1991-09-06 1996-03-19 Donnelly Corporation Electrochemichromic solutions, processes for preparing and using the same, and devices manufactured with the same
US5649756A (en) * 1991-09-13 1997-07-22 Donnelly Corporation Rearview mirror with lighting assembly
DK10092D0 (en) * 1992-01-28 1992-01-28 Mogens Nicolaisen TOUCH SENSITIVE CONTROL PANEL
US5253109A (en) 1992-04-27 1993-10-12 Donnelly Corporation Electro-optic device with constant light transmitting area
FR2690536B1 (en) * 1992-04-28 1994-06-17 Saint Gobain Vitrage Int ELECTROCHROME GLAZING.
US5313335A (en) * 1992-06-05 1994-05-17 Delco Electronics Corporation Blindzone signal indicator
USD363920S (en) 1992-12-02 1995-11-07 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Electrical circuit board
US5823654A (en) 1993-02-01 1998-10-20 Donnelly Corporation Universal exterior vehicle security light
US6176602B1 (en) * 1993-02-01 2001-01-23 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle exterior mirror system with signal light
US5371659A (en) * 1993-02-01 1994-12-06 Donnelly Corporation Remote-actuated exterior vehicle security light
US5497306A (en) 1993-02-01 1996-03-05 Donnelly Corporation Exterior vehicle security light
US6276821B1 (en) 1992-12-16 2001-08-21 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle exterior mirror system with signal light
FR2701475B1 (en) * 1993-02-11 1995-03-31 Saint Gobain Vitrage Int Glass substrates coated with a stack of thin layers, application to glazing with infrared reflection properties and / or properties in the field of solar radiation.
US5528422A (en) * 1993-12-07 1996-06-18 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Mirror coating
US5436741A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-25 Harman Automotive, Inc. Holographic signaling mirror
US5790298A (en) * 1994-05-03 1998-08-04 Gentex Corporation Method of forming optically transparent seal and seal formed by said method
US5668663A (en) 1994-05-05 1997-09-16 Donnelly Corporation Electrochromic mirrors and devices
US5632551A (en) * 1994-07-18 1997-05-27 Grote Industries, Inc. LED vehicle lamp assembly
US5669699A (en) 1994-11-02 1997-09-23 Donnelly Corporation Exterior vehicle security light
US5587699A (en) 1994-11-03 1996-12-24 United Technologies Automotive Systems Inc. Exterior mirror with information display
KR100343219B1 (en) * 1995-02-25 2002-11-23 삼성전기주식회사 Apparatus for driving mirror
AT402945B (en) * 1995-07-03 1997-09-25 Joanneum Research Forschungsge Process and apparatus for coating the surface of a substrate
US5796176A (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-08-18 Donnelly Corporation Memory mirror system for vehicles
US5798575A (en) * 1996-07-11 1998-08-25 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle mirror digital network and dynamically interactive mirror system
US6045243A (en) * 1996-08-28 2000-04-04 K.W. Muth Company, Inc. Mirror assembly
US5788357A (en) * 1996-08-28 1998-08-04 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Mirror assembly
DE29620775U1 (en) 1996-11-29 1998-03-26 Hohe Gmbh & Co Kg Outside mirrors for a vehicle
EP0845390A3 (en) 1996-11-29 2004-06-09 Donnelly Corporation Modular exterior rearview mirror assembly
USD394833S (en) * 1996-12-10 1998-06-02 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and signalling indicator
US5938320A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-08-17 Harman Automotive, Inc. Enhanced illuminated polymeric indicator employed in a mirror housing of an automotive vehicle
US5825527A (en) 1997-04-02 1998-10-20 Gentex Corporation Information display area on electrochromic mirrors having a third surface metal reflector
US5818625A (en) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-06 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector
US6111683A (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-08-29 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic mirrors having a signal light
US6441943B1 (en) 1997-04-02 2002-08-27 Gentex Corporation Indicators and illuminators using a semiconductor radiation emitter package
US6111684A (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-08-29 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector and a display/signal light
US6166848A (en) 1997-04-02 2000-12-26 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector and a display/signal light
US6356376B1 (en) * 1997-04-02 2002-03-12 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector and a display/signal light
US5923457A (en) * 1997-04-02 1999-07-13 Gentex Corporation Electro-optic device including a low sheet resistance, high transmission transparent electrode
US6700692B2 (en) * 1997-04-02 2004-03-02 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror assembly incorporating a display/signal light
JPH1144887A (en) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-16 Toppan Printing Co Ltd Reflection electrode substrate for display device
US6124886A (en) 1997-08-25 2000-09-26 Donnelly Corporation Modular rearview mirror assembly
US5923456A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-13 Rockwell International Corporation Reversible electrochemical mirror
US6111685A (en) * 1997-12-19 2000-08-29 Rockwell Science Center, Llc Reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) with improved electrolytic solution
JP2002500982A (en) * 1998-01-22 2002-01-15 マグナ ミラー システムズ インコーポレイティド Single-acting rotating mirror assembly with safety light
US6152590A (en) * 1998-02-13 2000-11-28 Donnelly Hohe Gmbh & Co. Kg Lighting device for motor vehicles
US6885444B2 (en) * 1998-06-10 2005-04-26 Boxer Cross Inc Evaluating a multi-layered structure for voids
US6317248B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-11-13 Donnelly Corporation Busbars for electrically powered cells
US6068380A (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-05-30 Gentex Corporation Mirror mount having an integral spherical bearing
US6130448A (en) 1998-08-21 2000-10-10 Gentex Corporation Optical sensor package and method of making same
US6062920A (en) * 1998-08-26 2000-05-16 Gentex Corporation Custom terminal connector for use in electrochromic devices
US6295164B1 (en) 1998-09-08 2001-09-25 Nikon Corporation Multi-layered mirror
US6005724A (en) 1998-10-05 1999-12-21 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Mirror coating, mirror utilizing same, and a mirror assembly
US6170956B1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2001-01-09 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror with display
US6076948A (en) * 1998-10-28 2000-06-20 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Electromagnetic radiation emitting or receiving assembly
US6257746B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2001-07-10 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Signalling assembly
US6264353B1 (en) * 1998-11-23 2001-07-24 Lear Automotive Dearborn, Inc. Exterior mirror with supplement turn signal
USD409540S (en) * 1998-12-01 1999-05-11 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and signaling indicator
US6402328B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2002-06-11 Gentex Corporation Automatic dimming mirror using semiconductor light sensor with integral charge collection
US6679608B2 (en) * 1999-01-25 2004-01-20 Gentex Corporation Sensor device having an integral anamorphic lens
US6359274B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2002-03-19 Gentex Corporation Photodiode light sensor
AU2628800A (en) * 1999-01-25 2000-08-07 Gentex Corporation Vehicle equipment control with semiconductor light sensors
US6195194B1 (en) * 1999-03-16 2001-02-27 Gentex Corporation Lightweight electrochromic mirror
US6142656A (en) 1999-03-26 2000-11-07 Kurth; John F. Multi-functional side rear view mirror for a vehicle
US6102546A (en) * 1999-04-01 2000-08-15 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror bezel having reduced apparent size
US6512203B2 (en) * 1999-05-06 2003-01-28 Polymore Circuit Technologies Polymer thick film heating element on a glass substrate
US7009751B2 (en) * 1999-05-14 2006-03-07 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface partially transmissive reflector
US6244716B1 (en) * 1999-05-17 2001-06-12 Gentex Corporation Exterior mirror sub-assembly with combined electronic circuitry and mirror element
US6249369B1 (en) * 1999-07-09 2001-06-19 Gentex Corporation Coupled electrochromic compounds with photostable dication oxidation states
US7064882B2 (en) * 2002-09-30 2006-06-20 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic devices having no positional offset between substrates
US6227689B1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2001-05-08 Donnelly Corporation Illumination device for exterior mirror
US6614579B2 (en) 1999-10-22 2003-09-02 Gentex Corporation Proximity switch and vehicle rearview mirror assembly incorporating the same and having a transparent housing
USD428372S (en) * 1999-11-01 2000-07-18 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and five pixel signalling indicator
USD429202S (en) 1999-11-01 2000-08-08 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and seven pixel signalling indicator
USD428373S (en) * 1999-11-01 2000-07-18 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and nine pixel signalling indicator
USD430088S (en) 1999-11-01 2000-08-29 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and five pixel signalling indicator
USD428842S (en) 1999-11-01 2000-08-01 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and large feature backup assistance indicator
USD427128S (en) * 1999-11-01 2000-06-27 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and signalling indicator
USD426507S (en) * 1999-11-01 2000-06-13 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and seven pixel signalling indicator
USD426506S (en) * 1999-11-01 2000-06-13 K. W. Muth Company, Inc. Combined rearview mirror and nine pixel signalling indicator
US6426568B2 (en) * 1999-11-12 2002-07-30 Gentex Corporation Low resistance switch using carbon contacts
US6239899B1 (en) * 1999-12-15 2001-05-29 Gentex Corporation Mirror with internal support plate
US6606183B2 (en) 1999-12-24 2003-08-12 Nippon Oil Corporation Method for producing a cell for an electrochromic mirror and an electrochromic mirror
DE19963382A1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-07-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Micromirror
DE10023459A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-15 Balzers Process Systems Gmbh Depositing transparent conducting indium-tin oxide layers on substrate used in the production of transparent conducting electrodes in organic LED displays comprises using combined HF/DC sputtering of indium-tin oxide target
US6420800B1 (en) * 2000-05-25 2002-07-16 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror with buttons incorporating display
US6407468B1 (en) * 2000-05-25 2002-06-18 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror with buttons incorporating display
US6407847B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2002-06-18 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic medium having a color stability
US6301039B1 (en) 2000-09-13 2001-10-09 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) state monitoring
US6471362B1 (en) 2000-10-13 2002-10-29 Gentex Corporation Mirror with improved button construction
US7255451B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2007-08-14 Donnelly Corporation Electro-optic mirror cell
US6639360B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2003-10-28 Gentex Corporation High power radiation emitter device and heat dissipating package for electronic components
US6650457B2 (en) * 2001-05-21 2003-11-18 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror constructed for efficient assembly
DE60223050T2 (en) 2001-08-31 2008-07-17 Gentex Corp., Zeeland VEHICLE LIGHT ARRANGEMENT WITH COOLING BODY
US6831268B2 (en) 2002-01-10 2004-12-14 Gentex Corporation Sensor configuration for substantial spacing from a small aperture
US6968273B2 (en) 2002-03-01 2005-11-22 Gentex Corporation Electronic compass system
US7067195B2 (en) * 2002-04-29 2006-06-27 Cardinal Cg Company Coatings having low emissivity and low solar reflectance
JP4710216B2 (en) * 2002-06-11 2011-06-29 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Thin film formation method
US7360932B2 (en) 2004-06-01 2008-04-22 Donnelly Corporation Mirror assembly for vehicle
US7287868B2 (en) 2003-04-02 2007-10-30 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror with integrated frame
US7446924B2 (en) * 2003-10-02 2008-11-04 Donnelly Corporation Mirror reflective element assembly including electronic component
US7586664B2 (en) * 2005-07-01 2009-09-08 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Transparent electrode for an electrochromic switchable cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4751961B2 (en) 2011-08-17
KR20100044196A (en) 2010-04-29
EP2183642B1 (en) 2019-02-20
US20080310005A1 (en) 2008-12-18
CA2693306C (en) 2011-04-19
KR100997280B1 (en) 2010-11-29
CN101784951A (en) 2010-07-21
EP2183642A4 (en) 2011-06-15
WO2009020846A1 (en) 2009-02-12
EP2183642A1 (en) 2010-05-12
JP2010536068A (en) 2010-11-25
CN101784951B (en) 2011-07-27
US7746534B2 (en) 2010-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2693306A1 (en) Improved thin-film coatings, electro-optic elements and assemblies incorporating these elements
CN106966607B (en) Barrier layer comprising Ni and/or Ti, the coated article including the barrier layer and its manufacturing method
CN106575006A (en) Infrared reflecting substrate
CN107015411B (en) Electrochromic device and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same
US9052456B2 (en) Low-E glazing performance by seed structure optimization
US20150362763A1 (en) Variable Emittance Window
WO2007054656A8 (en) Substrate which is equipped with a stack having thermal properties
WO2007071723A3 (en) Optical article having an antistatic, antireflection coating and method of manufacturing same
TWI498219B (en) Robust optical filter utilizing pairs of dielectric and metallic layers
MX2013010054A (en) Functional layers comprising ni-inclusive ternary alloys and methods of making the same.
JPS5931147A (en) Visible-ray transmitting heat wave shielding membrane and its manufacture
MX2013010056A (en) Barrier layers comprising ni-inclusive ternary alloys, coated articles including barrier layers, and methods of making the same.
WO2006094867A8 (en) Method for manufacturing an electrolyte material layer in semiconductor memory devices
CN116002990A (en) Solar control coatings with improved solar control properties
KR950702179A (en) Glazing with functional conductive and / or low emissive layer
TW201909288A (en) A system for forming a nano-layered optical coating
WO2012047249A2 (en) Silicon titanium oxide coating, coated article including silicon titanium oxide coating, and method of making the same
KR102565397B1 (en) Low Emissivity Coatings, Glass Surfaces Including Them, and Methods of Making Them
CN104582953A (en) Seed layer for ZnO and doped- ZnO o thin film nucleation and methods of seed layer deposition
EP2148240B1 (en) Transparent electrode
Zhang et al. Facile preparation of Zn2V2O7–VO2 composite films with enhanced thermochromic properties for smart windows
CN105431392A (en) Electrically insulating material for thermal sprayed coatings
EP3356869B1 (en) Nano bi-material electromagnetic spectrum shifter
US9704610B2 (en) Manganese tin oxide based transparent conducting oxide and transparent conductive film and method for fabricating transparent conductive film using the same
JP6526255B2 (en) Titanium nickel niobium alloy barrier for low emissivity coatings

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request