CN100354492C - Floorboards, flooring systems and methods for manufacturing and installation thereof - Google Patents

Floorboards, flooring systems and methods for manufacturing and installation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100354492C
CN100354492C CNB038090694A CN03809069A CN100354492C CN 100354492 C CN100354492 C CN 100354492C CN B038090694 A CNB038090694 A CN B038090694A CN 03809069 A CN03809069 A CN 03809069A CN 100354492 C CN100354492 C CN 100354492C
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Prior art keywords
board block
floor board
floor
minor face
block
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CN1646778A (en
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D·佩尔万
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Valinge Innovation AB
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Valinge Innovation AB
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Priority claimed from SE0201225A external-priority patent/SE522250C2/en
Priority claimed from SE0203482A external-priority patent/SE526773C2/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/043—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing wooden elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F3/00—Designs characterised by outlines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E04F15/02033—Joints with beveled or recessed upper edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
    • E04F21/22—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of single elements, e.g. flooring cramps ; flexible webs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0511—Strips or bars, e.g. nailing strips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape

Abstract

Floorboards with a format corresponding to a traditional parquet block for laying of mechanically joined floating flooring. The invention further comprises flooring systems and methods for manufacturing and installation of floorings comprising such floorboards.

Description

Floor and the rectangular area plate of forming this floor
Technical field
Relate generally to floor board block of the present invention (floor, floorboard) field.Thereby become different pattern to be similar to the floor board block of traditional parquet floor of forming by piece but the present invention relates to mechanical engagement.The invention still further relates to the method that is used to lay with the manufactured place plate.The present invention is particularly useful for floating/floating floor (floating flooring), its by have laminating surface and by with the mechanical locking system of this floor board block one-for example those not exclusively by the core of this floor board block make-engaged floor board block forms.Yet the present invention can also be used for other similar floor board block, for example has the surface course of wooden or plastics and the floor board block that engages with ralocatable mode by optional mechanical connection system.
The present invention is specially adapted to have the floating laminate flooring of mechanical connection system.This floor is made up of laminating surface layer, core and balance layer usually, and be configured as can be in order to mechanical engagement, promptly along long limit and the vertical direction on end limit and the rectangular area plate that horizontal direction is not used adhesive.
Below to the description of problem and the purpose of the present invention and the feature of prior art, known system-as nonrestrictive example-especially at this application.Yet, should be the floor board block that can be joined so different pattern that the present invention can be used for choosing wantonly emphatically by mechanical connection system.Wood flooring, the core that the present invention also can be used for the homogeneous wood flooring and comprises multilayer is wood fibre or plastics and floor with surface printing or that be made up of plastics, cork, pin felted terxture and similar material.
Background technology
Laying that parquet floor begins is that piece with suitable shape and size is laid to different patterns and is bonded on the lower floor to engage these pieces.Usually polish this floor then to obtain smooth floor surface and for example to use varnish or oil comes application.Traditional parquet floor according to this technology does not have locking device at all, because they fix by being bonded on the lower floor.The major defect on this floor is very difficult the installation.Major advantage is not have locking device thereby it can be laid to complicated and beautiful pattern.
According to the known method of another kind, wooden unit (group) is formed with groove along all edges of this wooden unit group.
According to the known method of another kind, wooden unit (group) is formed with groove along all edges of this wooden unit group.When then when this wooden unit group being adhered to lower floor laying, joint tongue is inserted in the groove in needed position.Thereby this generation wooden unit group is vertically blocked toward each other floor by the joint tongue that engages in the groove of two adjacent wooden unit groups.The surface becomes level and smooth and thereby the wooden unit group can be transferred with a surface of finishing japanning.By with ailing jail or bond to the horizontal junction surface of acquisition on the lower floor.
The tradition parquet floor be rectangle and general size be about 7*40cm.The advantage on above-mentioned floor is that piece can be laid to beautiful pattern, for example the parallel row that is offset relative to one another of minor face, argyle design or wherein the long edge joint of piece close the herringbone pattern of minor face.The major defect on this floor is to lay and make very complexity and expensive.This floor can not be moved with respect to lower floor.When piece owing to when the change of relative humidity (RH) and pucker ﹠ bloat, occur the joint gap of not expecting between the piece.
In order to address these problems, at first developed the floating wood flooring.This floor is that 20cm and length are that the floor board block of 120-240cm is formed by sizable for example width.Its surface is made up of the parquet block group that is bonded into parallel row (pargquet block) usually.So be convenient to install because can engage a plurality of this floor board block simultaneously.Its major defect is the pattern that can not provide senior.Developed the floating laminate flooring subsequently, except the decorative surface layer of being made up of the paper that is printed and floods that is laminated on the wood fibre core, it is identical with the floating wood flooring basically.This floor board block is cheap and its surperficial more wear and shock-resistant than wood flooring.Such floating floor piece only engages at their jointing edge-promptly not bonding-on a lower floor that exists, this lower floor must be very not level and smooth or smooth.Utilizing form is that the stuffing box packing of for example hardboard, cork or foam can be eliminated any irregular (shape).They therefore can be more free on lower floor.When relative humidity changes, expand and shrink in then whole floor.Advantage with floating floor of wood surface for example or laminating surface is a fluid-tight engagement between the floor board block, and the change of size is hidden in sole and takes place down.The surface of this floor board block can comparatively fast be laid and by reasonable production it much larger than piece.Traditional this floating laminate flooring and wood flooring engage on long limit and minor face by gummed joint tongue-(tenon) groove junction surface (promptly in that a joint tongue is arranged on the floor board block at the junction surface that a tongue-and-groove is arranged on the plate conjointly) usually.When laying, plate level is put together, insert along the tongue-and-groove of the jointing edge of an adjacent panels along the protrusion joint tongue of the jointing edge of a floor board block.On long limit and minor face, make to use the same method, usually plate be laid to parallel row, long limit near long limit and minor face near minor face.
Except this traditional floating floor that engages by joint tongue-tongue-and-groove junction surface, developed the floor board block that does not need adhesive and mechanically engage by mechanical locking system in recent years.These systems comprise the locking device that pins these plates horizontally and vertically.This mechanical locking system can form with floor board block, for example passes through the part of the core of this floor board block of processing, a part of processing the core of this plate.Selectable, the part of locking system can be made by a kind of different materials, and this material and floor board block form one, promptly even when plant produced engage with floor board block.In latched position, floor board block engages along the various combination of jointing edge by angulation, engaging and insertion and promptly is connected to each other or locks together.Floor board block engages continuously, and promptly when a new floor board block engaged with the floor board block of front, the floor board block of this front was connected with another floor board block with a minor face on a long limit.
Floating floor major advantage with mechanical locking system is to use the various combination of inside angulation (inwardangling) and/or engaging can make laying easier, faster and have a high accuracy.Different with the gummed floor is that they also are easy to take apart once more packs up and be reused for the another location.
Term definition
Hereinafter, the visible surface of mounted floor board block is called " leading flank ", is called " trailing flank " towards the opposite flank of this floor board block of lower floor.The original material of the sheet of using in the manufacturing is called " core ".When using with the immediate surface course of leading flank and also have one to cover this core usually, form semiproduct near the balance layer of trailing flank; these semiproduct are called as " floor panel (floorpanel) "; perhaps following in this case when promptly these semiproduct are divided into a plurality of above-mentioned floor panel in operation subsequently, these semiproduct are called " floor components/member ".When processing floor panel in edge has the net shape of mating system to obtain them, it is called as " floor board block "." surface course " is meant the layer of the whole leading flank of the also basic mulched ground plate of all the most close leading flanks that puts on core." decorative surface layer " is meant to be mainly used in and makes the floor have the layer of decorative appearance." wearing layer " is meant the layer of the durability that mainly is suitable for improving leading flank." laminate flooring " is meant that its surface course is the floor board block of thermoset layer pressing plate, and this thermoset layer pressing plate comprises one or more paper (plate) with the thermosetting resin dipping.The wearing layer of this laminate flooring is made up of cellophane paper usually, and this transparent cardboard has added alumina and flooded with melmac.This decorative layer is made up of the melamine-impregnated facing paper.
The exterior section at its edge between leading flank and trailing flank of floor board block is called " engaging (portion) limit ".Usually, this jointing edge has a plurality of " composition surfaces ", and it can be vertical, level, angled, circular, bevelled etc.These composition surfaces are present in different materials for example on laminate, fiberboard, timber, plastics, metal (especially aluminium) or the encapsulant." junction surface " or " locking system " is meant that vertical and/or level connects the linkage that concurs of floor board block." mechanical locking system " is meant and do not use adhesive just can realize being parallel to that this surperficial level engages and perpendicular to this surperficial vertical engagement (system).Also useful binders engage mechanical locking system in many cases." one " be meant this locking system can be made into floor board block be one, perhaps be made into the material opened in one minute, should in factory, be connected by material separately with this floor board block." floating floor " thus be meant that following this floor is that floor board block does not only engage by their jointing edges separately and is glued on the lower floor.Just in case move through moisture, it is tight that this junction surface still keeps.The mobile edge that causes through moisture is hidden in the exterior zone that wall under the sole occurs in this floor." parquet block group " is meant that one is shaped as the traditional parquet block group or the rectangular area plate of parquet.The most general form is about 40*7cm.Yet the length of this parquet block group can be 15-80cm, and width can be 4-10cm." floor unit " is meant that a plurality of joining merges the floor board block of a part that constitutes the floor." length " of floor board block and " width " typically refer to the length and the width of leading flank
Prior art and problem thereof
The size of floor board block is relevant with the installation of the type of the processing at the material of floor board block, edge, locking system and floor board block to a great extent.
Usually it is favourable producing undersized solid wood floor block, because can excise such as defectives such as crack, knaurs like this, and can more effectively utilize wood raw material.
Yet the floor board block of producing large-sized other types especially laminate flooring is favourable, because can utilize raw material better like this and have lower cost of production.When having artificial surfaces for example during the floor panel grown place plate of print surface from big, this is especially favourable.In this case, reduce raw material excision as much as possible yes favourable.
For all types of flooring materials, the processing trip edge all is expensive operation to form floor board block.Known, to compare with the floor of forming by many undersized panels, the floor of being made up of the large size panel with minority junction surface has very big cost advantage.Also known, undersized floor panel makes the floor have defective, thus especially following this floor promptly wherein floor board block be that rectangle and narrow long limit in narrow panels have a large amount of junction surfaces.
Known, the similar panel that has traditional joint tongue-tongue and groove joint assembly system with (production) is compared, and it is expensive producing the small size floor board block with mechanical locking system.Also known, compare with the snap fit system that (processing) is compacter, need more substantial material owing to form locking system, so processing can realize that by angular adjustment the mechanical locking system of high-quality locking is more expensive, more complicated.The mechanical locking system that is positioned at any type on the minor face of rectangular panel with production is compared, and it is more expensive usually to produce the locking mechanism that is positioned at any type on the long limit.
Usually, the floor of being made up of big panel being installed will be faster than the floor of being made up of little floor panel is installed.
WO01/6687 discloses a kind of system that is used to realize the floor that forms pattern be made up of laminate floorboards.Disclose two embodiment: (Fig. 4 a has used the locking system of one, the joint profile of having used to separate in second (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) (side) in 4b) for first.Only by the vertical snap lock floor board block that can not unclamp.In the embodiment of first one, need the floor board block of two kinds of dissimilar being called as respectively " protruding " and " recessed ".It is complicated installing by vertical engaging, and exists in the locking and unlocking process and make the edge of locking system or the very big danger that part is damaged.In addition, WO01/66877 at be the floor board block that is of a size of 1200mm * 200mm.
WO0/20705 discloses a kind of system that laminate floorboards is locked together by the joint profile of separating, and this joint profile is connected with floor board block when floor board block is installed.This joint profile is suitable for only by the engaging that can not unclamp floor board block being locked together.The specific purpose of WO0/20705 is the quantity that reduces especially to form with the grown place plate material of the relevant waste of mechanical locking system.
DE 19718319C2 discloses a kind of solid wood parquet, and this parquet has locking system so that when laying this parquet and other parquets are locked together along its long limit and minor face.Yet must glue together parquet, and the purpose of mechanical caging is when adhesive solidifies floor board block to be kept together.This mechanical caging only is provided with in the horizontal direction.Wherein statement, the length of parquet is 250-1000mm, width is 45-80mm.
For the ease of understanding and explanation the present invention and understanding the present invention problem behind, illustrate in greater detail these specific feature and prior aries relevant with size with reference to accompanying drawing 1-3.
(Fig. 1 a) is made up of rectangular area plate 1 ' major part of all floating laminate floorings, and the length 4a of this rectangular area plate 1 ' is about 120cm, and width 5a is about 20cm.Use modern printing technology can make the laminate flooring that it can accurately duplicate for example wooden and stone of various nature materials in appearance.Modal pattern is the parquet floor that imitation is made up of piece 40.The width of these pieces is typically about 7cm, and length is generally 20-40cm.Usually, floor board block comprises the three parallel rows piece, and the minor face of these parallel blocks is offset mutually.The minor face 5a that this means in this floor board block, at least one piece 41 of 5b place is shorter than other two pieces.When engaging (Fig. 1 b), floor board block consequently, compares, owing to the minor face skew obtains factitious outward appearance with traditional parquet floor that the piece by equal in length of reality is formed.Same result also is applicable to the floating wood flooring.
Cause another problem of factitious outward appearance relevant with manufacturing technology.This is shown in Figure 2.Make laminate flooring by the printed decoration cardboard, thereby this printed decoration paper is with the melmac dipping and be laminated to and form floor components 2 on the wood fibre core.Then floor components 2 is sawn into for example ten floor panels 3, along the processing of the edge (cutting) of these floor panels to form floor board block 1.At first long limit 4a, the 4b to these panels processes in machine 101, moves to then in another machine 105 its minor face is processed.Facing paper expands in uncontrolled mode when dipping.Expand and because lamination, sawing and the position that manufacturing tolerance makes that the position deviation of piece is expected in plate differently occurs along edge processing.When two floor board block engaged by their minor face with abutting one another, piece 41a, 41b may lateral shifts, and their length has very big variation (Fig. 1 c).All these situations make the great manufacturing issue of appearance when manufacturing has the laminate flooring of 3 formula mosaics.
In order to address these problems, existing a large amount of expensive methods are used for control manufacture process when making laminate flooring.The most frequently used method is to use advanced video camera control to produce, and this video camera is used for measuring automatically and the location semiproduct in manufacture process.Also make different patterns with stowed position defective as much as possible by the specific displacement of piece.In wood flooring, the piece of length difference and parallel offset is used for hidden excision piece on minor face.All methods of prior art all can not provide gratifying result.Big market.
Fig. 3 a-3d illustrates the example of the mechanical locking system that is used for floating floor.All these systems all can cause waste W.This waste produces owing to sawing (SB) and processing equipment linkage.In order to make waste W minimum, manufacturer strives making floor board block to try one's best big and has few junction surface of trying one's best.Therefore floor board block should be not only wide but also long.Narrow floor board block has many junction surfaces on every square metre of floor surface.This narrow laminate floorboards that has with corresponding width of traditional parquet block group and length and width is unknown.The width of the narrowest laminate floorboards is greater than 15cm, and length is greater than 100cm.Fig. 3 e illustrates the connection that realizes by inside angulation, and Fig. 3 f illustrates the connection that realizes by the adjacent side 1,1 ' that engages two floor board block.
From a kind of as can be known floor of WO 066856A1, this floor is included in the laminate floorboards that has mechanical locking system on the side.This floor board block is conventional size, and it is of a size of about 1.20m * 0.20m.
From a kind of as can be known common parqueting block of DE 19718319, in order to pass through with the floor board block element floor that forms glued together.Described floor board block element along edge shaping so that this element interconnect better.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide can with a floor board block with floating floor mechanical engagement of natural parquets pattern, its outward appearance is corresponding to traditional parquet block group.Another purpose is for these floor board block provide suitable mating system, laying method and laying pattern.
The present invention is based on first kind of understanding, that is, modern production technology and mechanical joint system and specific laying method be combined, and make can be fast and very accurately engage very little floor board block.A surprising result is, it is about the same soon and have an identical quality that the traditional floor of being made up of sizable floor board block of the floor is made up of little floor board block and installation is installed.Can also provide a kind of faster and obtain the installation of better effect than big floor board block with mechanical joint system.Its reason is, found that little floor board block is easy to handle, littler along the friction surface on the long limit of bonding part, be convenient to like this be shifted, and because the part that is bent when engaging is less and less resistance is provided, so use less power just can realize the final engaging of minor face.Additional advantage is that the minor face of narrow floor board block can be produced as and has locking system, and this system is horizontal lock and do not need vertical engaging only.Can realize this locking system by the joint tongue 22 on the minor face of for example removing rectangular area plate with the locking system that is similar to Fig. 3 b., (see Fig. 9 f, in floor 4a-4d), (4a 4b) can (5a 5b) remains on the upright position of expectation with the narrow minor face of two blocked floor board block by blocked long limit to be installed into the parallel row of the minor face with skew in a kind of wherein floor board block.Only need to make long limit angulation because install.Floor board block can produce on long limit, have an angular adjustment locking system and on minor face at all without any locking system.By the friction on long limit or by floor board block being glued at and/or following closely on lower floor, minor face can be kept together with nail.This narrow minor face can be installed quickly, and with wide minor face same high quality is arranged.On the contrary, the minor face that does not have the broad of any vertically system will increase minor face and become curved danger, can cause the floor injustice like this.
The present invention is based on second kind and very surprising understanding, the cost of production that promptly has the little floor board block of mechanical joint system must not be higher than big floor board block.Compare with big floor board block, little floor board block comprises more junction surface undoubtedly on every square metre floor, and when using the mechanical joint system of prior art processing cost and wastage height.Yet, if this floor board block produced according to the invention and form mating system can greatly be avoided these problems.Little floor board block means can utilize more substantial wooden raw material because with make big floor board block and compare to make and do not have the wood particle of knaur and defective easier.The form that also can utilize floor board block with and position in the floor create the decorative appearance on a floor in a kind of cost-efficient mode, this outward appearance for example is formed on a lamination floor by sawing one floor components.By sawing for example a form be 2.1*2.6m and floor components with facing (veneer) pattern that is printed, can make hundreds of floor board block.Adopt different laying directions, this little floor board block that shape can be can be parquet block (group) is bonded into different patterns.Thereby can realize the parquets pattern of wooden unit, be irrealizable and use prior art.(like this) eliminated the expansion issues of facing paper, and the accurate location when sawing and alignment pattern neither be necessary.This has reduced cost of production.If floor board block is narrow, any angular error ratio in narrow floor board block between then long limit and the minor face is more not obvious in wide floor board block.
The present invention is based on the third and understand, promptly in floating floor, can use little have corresponding to the floor board block of the form of for example traditional wooden unit and be favourable.Compare with traditional floor of being made up of big plank, this floating floor must comprise more junction surface.Because each junction surface all has flexibility to a certain degree, so a large amount of junction surface of per unit area can reduce floor moving along wall.The variation of relative humidity can make laminate flooring move for example about 1 millimeter/meter in 1 year.For example, if the width of floor board block is 66mm, then every meter comprises 15 junction surfaces.Suppose can not move owing to load makes the floor, then contraction can cause the joint clearance that maximum value is 0.06mm occurring between the two adjacent top margins of two floor board block.Such joint clearance is sightless.This joint clearance is board type compatibly.0.01-0.1 or big slightly gap are just enough in laminate flooring.Make by oak in the wooden floor joint clearance should scope at 0.1-0.2mm in.If such joint clearance is combined with the inclined-plane that is positioned at the upside neighboring edge, then be favourable, this inclined-plane can hide opening under dry environment.Therefore, can in bigger space, lay the floating floor of forming by little floor board block, if especially they have a locking system, this system allow latched position can along and/or have at least some to move horizontally towards the trip edge.In fact a kind of like this floor shows as the semi-floating floor, and it utilizes the variation of offsetting humidity of moving in moving of whole floor and the locking system.
The present invention is based on the 4th kind of understanding, i.e. the wide floor board block of bend ratio of narrow floor board block crooked little a lot of when RH changes.Can realize more smooth floor like this and make installation easier.
The present invention is based on the 5th kind of understanding, promptly the floor of being made up of a plurality of little floor board block more likely provides the high laying quality with sightless joint clearance.Uneven moisture content can make laminate flooring and wood flooring transverse bending in the plate.This " banana type " can cause visible joint clearance.For example be reduced to 400mm if reduce the length of plank, then can reduce the joint clearance greatly from 1200mm.Narrow plank also is bent easily, and in fact, mechanical locking system can be moved plank together to and eliminate fully the banana type automatically.
The present invention is based on the 6th kind of understanding, promptly the plank that engages with ralocatable mode can solve the moisture issues that usually occurs during at concrete floor with veneering, thereby moistureproof plastics can be set between wood flooring and concrete.
The present invention is also based on the 7th kind of understanding, promptly a kind of natural parquets method of patterning of forming by the wooden unit of horizontal shift of can realizing easily, floor board block is made narrow, and its width and also have length usually all corresponding to parquet block.
The present invention is based on the 8th kind of understanding, a kind of floor system of for example being made up of little floor board block can be provided, this floor board block preferably has same width and preferred different length, wherein length can be the even-multiple of width, and floor board block has by the mechanical locking system of mirror image reversal in this floor system.This floor system can be laid to all can be by the senior pattern of traditional parquet block realization.The laying meeting is very fast and have a better accuracy.This floor system also free list surface layer is realized senior pattern, and this surface course only is used for some modification usually.For example, the surface course of a kind of needle-like felt or malthoid can be glued on the HDF plate.If this floor components manufactured different colours and be processed into floor system according to the present invention, then the differently plate of different colours engages and can provide variation and senior pattern, and this can not realize with surface course the earliest.
At last, the present invention is based on such understanding, promptly the minor face of narrow floor board block must be able to bear the very long identical load of minor face (load of being born) with traditional floating floor.Its reason is that concentrated (point) load in independent delegation is identical.For example, must be able to bear the identical load of minor face (load of being born) with the 200mm on traditional floor according to the minor face of the 85mm on floor of the present invention.This minor face should be suitable for having the intensity that can bear 100kg or bigger tensile load.Narrow boards is particularly suited for having following this mating system, promptly by making the downward angulation of minor face (anglingdown), move along the trip edge and make the downward angulation in long limit to be laid.Its reason is that engaged mating system is than engaged mating system is firmer by engaging by angulation.According to floor board block of the present invention can on long limit and minor face, all have can be by downward angulation engaged mating system.
Therefore, foregoing means, can provide the little floor board block that has corresponding to the form of traditional parquet block according to the present invention, this floor board block can make floating floor have advantage with surprising mode and the mode opposite with being considered to possible mode so far.These advantages surpass known shortcoming greatly.
The principle of the invention described above also can be used for having the floor system that other are different from the form of traditional parquet block.For example, with can be by angulation and/or engaging and engaged mating system can forms such as 200*400mm, 200*600mm be made stone material duplicate.These forms can be joined so above-mentioned long limit near long limit, minor face near minor face, long limit senior pattern near minor face.
The method of utilizing the group of the floor of the following stated and floor board block, floor system, floor board block and being used to lay and make can these purposes of all or part of realization.And hereinafter also define embodiments of the invention.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a kind of floor is provided, comprise the rectangular area plate that is used to provide the floating floor of forming pattern with laminating surface, described floor board block has first and second linkages of one along relative long limit, the described floor board block and second floor board block are locked together being used for, the feasible common vertical plane that limits of top portion that is in the described floor board block and described second floor board block of engagement state, wherein, described first linkage comprises the locking member that projects upwards that is positioned on the long limit, this locking member cooperates with another latch recess grown on limit that is positioned at second floor board block, so that described floor board block and described second floor board block are locked together on perpendicular to the horizontal direction of described vertical plane one, and described second linkage comprises joint tongue and tongue-and-groove, so that on a vertical direction perpendicular to a principal plane of described floor board block, described floor board block and described second floor board block are locked together, it is characterized in that, the length on the long limit of described floor board block is no more than 80cm, the length of the minor face of described floor board block is no more than 10cm, and wherein this minor face only has the locking system of locking flatly.
The present invention also provides a kind of rectangular area plate, be used to form above-mentioned floating floor with composition pattern of laminating surface, described floor board block has first and second linkages of one along relative long limit, the described floor board block and second floor board block are locked together being used for, the feasible common vertical plane that limits of top portion that is in the described floor board block and described second floor board block of engagement state, wherein, described first linkage comprises the locking member that projects upwards that is positioned on the long limit, this locking member cooperates with another latch recess grown on limit that is positioned at second floor board block, so that described floor board block and described second floor board block are locked together on perpendicular to the horizontal direction of described vertical plane one, and described second linkage comprises joint tongue and tongue-and-groove, so that on a vertical direction perpendicular to a principal plane of described floor board block, described floor board block and described second floor board block are locked together, it is characterized in that, the length on the long limit of described floor board block is no more than 80cm, the length of the minor face of described floor board block is no more than 10cm, and wherein this minor face only has the locking system of locking flatly.
One floor that is made of this little floor board block can be copied the parquet floor of being formed pattern modelled after an antique better, because the junction surface is consistent with parquet block, and do not show shown " extra " junction surface that goes out of any pattern shift or for example known parquets and laminate flooring wooden unit.Thereby, compare with known parquet piece, can eliminate two adjacent floor board block and have the problem of mutual unmatched pattern.Because the mechanical locking system of this one, this floor board block is than the easier installation of the floor board block that is used for a parquet floor modelled after an antique.
According to an embodiment, this linkage is suitable for by inside angulation described floor board block and described second floor board block being locked together at least, is in contact with one another thereby go up jointing edge.It is favourable that this linkage allows the operation by angulation to realize connecting because with one by engaging engaged mating system compare a firmer and easier installation of engaged mating system by angulation.
According to another embodiment, this linkage is suitable for to unclamp from a lower floor ground described floor board block and described second floor board block by angulation upwards.Unclamp like this or this floor board block of release can make laying, adjusts, replaces and reuse this floor board block and is more prone to.
According to another embodiment, this second floor board block can be identical with described floor board block basically.Thereby only need produce a kind of floor board block so that this floor is provided.
According to another embodiment, this floor board block can have a surface course that comprises thermosetting resin.By making this floor board block have this laminating surface, compare with the wood surface of the lath of the parquet floor that is used for being formed pattern modelled after an antique, can improve its abrasion resistance.
According to another embodiment, this floor board block can have a surface course that comprises wood or veneer (wood veneer).The surface course of one wood or veneer can provide the look and feel of real wooden parquet floor, compares cost simultaneously with traditional parquet floor and reduces.Therefore, this floor board block core can use any known core material, for example plank, HDF, MDF, shaving board, veneer etc.
According to another embodiment, this linkage can be formed by opening (separately) part in one minute, this part from this trip edge protrusion and with a core mechanical engagement of this floor board block.Can use this separate part to assign to replace edge to remove material, thereby reduce the waste of material amount from this floor board block.
According to another embodiment, the decoration on the surface of this floor board block and shape are that 30-80cm and width are traditional parquet block of 5-10cm corresponding to length.
According to another embodiment, the jointing edge respect to one another that is positioned in couples on the long limit of this floor board block can comprise that one protrudes locking member, this element and this floor board block are one, and comprise that in the second relative marginal portion of same centering one is used to admit a latch recess that is adjacent to the locking member of plate.
According to another embodiment, the length on a long limit of described floor board block can surpass 15cm, and the length of the minor face of described floor board block can surpass 4cm.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of floating floor of forming pattern, the pattern on this floor provides by constituting the described floor board block shape separately of forming the floating floor of pattern.The feature on this floor is that the floating floor of this composition pattern comprises above-mentioned floor board block.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, be provided for providing one group of floor board block of a floating floor.The feature of this group floor board block is, described group (block) comprises at least two above-mentioned floor board block, and first at least one minor face that these at least two floor board block are configured to these at least two floor board block aligns with at least one minor face of second of these two floor board block at least.
The present invention can have some modification.This floor board block can be equipped with the mechanical joint system of all prior aries.Can manufacture the plate of for example forming specifically by 9 floor board block that are bonded into the triplex row of parallel shifted according to the present invention.Thereby minor face is not straight, but is made up of the row that is shifted.Can be in conjunction with making the downward angulation in long limit, laterally moving and the engaging minor face is laid this floor board block.Also can by make the inside angulation of minor face, laterally move and downwards angulation lay other embodiment.At last, also can use the various combination that along the engaging of the jointing edge of a long limit or minor face or insertion, laterally moves and engage another long limit or minor face.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, providing a kind of is used to make one and has the method for the rectangular area plate of long limit and minor face, described long limit is equipped with a locking system, and this locking system comprises the linkage that described floor board block and second floor board block are locked together of being used for of one.This method comprises the steps, straight line moves one and is formed certain size and is suitable for providing the floor components of at least two floor panels and one group to be used to process the instrument of first pair of opposed edges part of this floor components relative to one another, net shape with at least a portion of the described minor face that obtains described floor board block, this floor components is divided into described at least two floor panels, and straight line moves one of described at least two floor panels and one group of second pair of opposed edges instrument partly that is used to process described floor panel relative to one another, so that at least a portion of described lock part to be provided.Aforementioned production method is particularly useful for making little floor board block, for example above-mentioned those.
This method can reasonably be made little floor board block.Can on same production line, carry out the first step and second step.If this floor board block has identical locking system on long limit and minor face, then can use same group of instrument for this length limit and minor face.Be used in the minor face panel that is rotated 180 ° before the sawing and can realize the A and the B piece of mirror image reversal.
The of the present invention the 5th floor system that provides the floor board block that length is different by width is identical separately to form with the 6th aspect, this length can be the integral multiple of width.According to an embodiment, this floor board block has the mating system of mirror image reversal, and this system can be engaged by inside angulation.They can be laid to multiple different pattern by long limit with the minor face joint.According to another embodiment, four kinds of dissimilar floor board block can be arranged, the having nothing in common with each other of their length and/or locking system towards (normal-mirror image).
The of the present invention the 7th and eight aspect be provided for installing one and use the selectable method on the floor of above-mentioned floor board block.Use one of these methods, can fast and effeciently lay according to floor of the present invention.According to a selectable method, on a position, floor board block engages the final position of this position deviation when this floor board block is tiled on the lower floor by the locking device of contact each other angularly.Then, before realizing final locking, make this floor board block move a distance corresponding to its whole length with respect to another floor board block in the row of front.
Above-mentioned manufacturing and laying method are particularly useful for little floor board block, but certainly, and the floor board block that is used to have other and bigger form also is favourable.
Can illustrate in greater detail the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, these accompanying drawings illustrate according to various aspects of the invention embodiment as example.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a-c illustrates the floor board block of prior art;
Fig. 2 illustrates according to prior art and makes a lamination floor;
Fig. 3 a-f illustrates the example of known mechanical lock mechanism;
Fig. 4 a-e illustrates one according to floor of the present invention;
Fig. 5 a-d illustrates a mating system according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 a-d illustrates one according to laying method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 a-e illustrates one according to laying method of the present invention;
Fig. 8 a-e illustrates one according to the manufacture method that is used for the manufactured place plate of the present invention;
Fig. 9 a-f illustrates one according to floor system of the present invention;
Figure 10 illustrates the laying according to floor of the present invention;
Figure 11 a-16e illustrates according to the different pattern of the present invention and the example of laying method;
Figure 17 a-17c illustrates a floor system that has according to floor board block of the present invention, and its form and laying pattern are convenient to copy a stone floor.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 4 a-c illustrates its long limit 4a, 4b and minor face 5a, 5b all have the floor board block 1,1 ' of mechanical locking system.This vertically device can comprise for example a tongue-and-groove 23 and a joint tongue 22 (see figure 5)s.The horizontal lock device can comprise the locking member 8 that combines with latch recess 14.All floor board block all are rectangles, and its width is corresponding with traditional parquet block.Thereby this width approximately is 1/3rd of traditional laminate floorboards.In Fig. 4 a, the shape on the surface of this floor board block is a parquet block.In Fig. 4 b, this surface has a decorative surface layer of being made up of two parquet blocks.This surface course is made up of three parquet blocks in Fig. 4 c.This surface course can be for example pin felt etc. of lamination, wooden, plastics, malthoid, cork, various fibrous material.This surface also can be printed and/or (lacquer) application.
Fig. 4 d illustrates by the one or more this floor board block of forming can be bonded into a floor, and this floor is formed naturally the shape of whole brick wall.Except those pieces at the exterior section of floor board block, all pieces can have total length.If floor board block is formed (Fig. 4 b, 4c) by more than one, then must guarantee alignment pattern aborning.On the other hand, if form by single, then do not need alignment pattern according to Fig. 4 a floor board block.Can form this floor board block by sawing one floor components, this floor components only has following this pattern, promptly is made up of the facing of the shade that for example has variation so that be similar to the wooden unit of being made by the different logs of timber of the same race.In the floor according to Fig. 4 d, the length of piece skew is half of its length.Fig. 4 e illustrates 1/3rd the example of skew for this length.
Fig. 5 a-d illustrates, and can be reduced to the waste that produces basically if mating system is formed by (little) lath 6 of opening in one minute then wastes when sawing, and this lath 6 is cooperated tongue-and-grooves 36 and mechanical fixation by a joint tongue 38.When this lath 6 inserts the tongue-and-groove 36 of floor board block 1, can realize fixing by being engaged in following this mode in the jointing edge in this floor board block 1, promptly upper lip 20 and lower lips 21 are crooked up and down respectively.Locking member 37 matches with latch recess 39.Lath 6 can be realized by many selectable modes with engaging of tongue-and-groove 36.For example, in lower lips 21, form latch recess 39, in the following forequarter of lath 6, can form locking member 37 so that cooperate with this latch recess 39.By making lath 6 inside angulations or on any angled direction that makes progress, engaging lath 6, lath 6 is engaged with the jointing edge of floor board block.This locking system allows cost benefit ground and produces narrow floor board block and waste little.Fig. 5 a illustrates one and has the laminate flooring 1 of a wood fiber core 30 and a lamination surface course 31,1 ' example.The lath that separates in this embodiment 6 is made by wood fibre.Based on the material of the lath 6 of wood fibre can be solid wood, veneer, particle board, fiberboard for example MDF, HDF, tight (gathering) laminate material or the similar material made by the wood fibre that is flooded by thermosetting resin.Fig. 5 a, b illustrate one can be by inside angulation and engaging and blocked locking system, Fig. 5 c, d illustrate one can be by engaging blocked locking system.In this embodiment, the top that surpasses jointing edge of the lath 6 and protuberance P2 that extends can be equal to or greater than the floor thickness T.Be convenient to like this realize locking by angulation around the top of this jointing edge.One can realize that on locking and the long limit of unclamping and be positioned at by the locking system that the lath that separates is formed narrow floor board block be especially favourable by angular adjustment.
Fig. 6 a-6d illustrates a process of deployment.But floor board block is the also mechanical engagement of rectangle.Lay-up operation at first is that for example the minor face of this floor board block of common angulation forms the first row R1 by for example engaging.This first row can be any delegation in the floor, and this first row comprises that one is called as the floor board block G1 of first floor board block.(Fig. 6 second floor board block G2 and this first floor board block G1 a) is arranged to an angle A, and jointing edge contacts with the jointing edge of this first floor board block G1 on it to be positioned at the second row R2.If illustrating, Fig. 6 b use wedge tool WT as supporting then can make laying easier.Then, the second new floor board block G3 of row in the R2 is by making its minor face near the minor face of the second floor board block G2 in this second row and locked.By inserting, by can realize the joint of minor face near the inside angulation of the jointing edge of this minor face or engaging along the jointing edge of minor face.During the inside angulation and during preferably also engaging, engage in following this mode, promptly the last jointing edge of the last jointing edge of new floor board block G3 and the first floor board block G1 is at a distance of a segment distance.In the process that the jointing edge along this minor face inserts, this is unwanted, because can insert this new plate G3 so that contact this first plate.This new plate G3 can also at first engage with the first plate G1 by engaging, and it is offset so that minor face engages with the minor face of the second floor board block G2 along long limit then.Thereby the new plate G3 and the second floor board block G2 are parallel to the first floor board block G1 by lateral displacement (Fig. 6 c) along their long limit.This first lateral displacement can be substantially equal to the length 4a of floor board block.Can engage another new floor board block G3 ' according to Fig. 6 d then.After filling full line R2 substantially, all floor board block are by angulation is also locked downwards.Whole erection is carried out basically like this.
Fig. 7 a-7e illustrates the laying identical with the front.When behind angulation, making new plate G3, G3 ' and G3 " the second row R2 increases when mobile.Can repeat this laying up to the exterior section that reaches the floor according to Fig. 7 d second floor board block G2 always.Its major advantage is not need floor layer to move along the floor row just can lay whole capable R2.Because the weight of floor board block and elasticity, the different upwards floor board block of angulation will adopt different angles.They can easily slide with half lock-out state.This is shown in Fig. 5 b.Locking device 22,23 and 8,14 is locking fully not, reduces friction like this, and the locking member 8 that partly inserts latch recess 4 simultaneously can prevent that plate 1,1 ' from sliping off.
This laying method is particularly useful for little floor board block, but also can be used for bigger floor board block.This laying method can be realized automatic laying.Another advantage is that this method allows to use laying apparatus to lay automatically.According to the present invention, can use a proper device for example by the device splicing floor block with tongue and groove of forming with lower part and functional unit, thereby the present invention comprise that also one is used for the laying apparatus of floor board block.This device has a storage device that comprises a plurality of new floor board block G3, G3 ' etc.For example these floor board block are piled up mutually.Have one first and insert device, this device at first with the first capable R1 in the first plate G1 insert new plate G3 angularly.This insertion operation is carried out along minor face, thereby the minor face of the 2nd G2 and new G3 is with mechanical caging.This device comprises that also one second inserts device, and this device makes the plate of two joints be parallel to the first row R1 transverse shift.When from the first row R1 when moving apart this device, all also not have the downward angulation of this lower floor of all morning of plate general of the arrival position parallel with lower floor.
Fig. 8 illustrates a kind of method that is used to make the floor with mechanical joint system.Floor components 2 ' with this floor components 2 sawing Cheng Xin.Then for example in machine with two chains the long limit along these floor components process these floor components.The form that produces like this is a minor face panel 2 " semiproduct.Such processing is the long limit that reasonably processes this floor components, in fact forms minor face 5a, the 5b of floor board block.After this preparatory processing, with minor face panel 2 " sawing becomes floor panel 3, for example processes the edge of this floor panel 3 then in the machine that a chain is only arranged along long limit 4a, 4b.This method is based on the following fact, and is promptly opposite with manufacturing of today, makes along the long limit that is processed at last, and realize sawing specifically or cutting operation between the minor face of processing floor board block and long limit.Thereby this method means, even floor board block is narrow, still can very reasonably minor face be manufactured various ways.So, this means that this distance is a distance D with these plates of distance processing in Fig. 2 because lower production capacity is arranged by the cam processing minor face machine of today that is positioned on the chain.Compare with the tradition manufacturing, exist the danger of angular error very little between long limit and the minor face.By plate is alignd with ruler RL, can eliminate any transverse bending that when sawing becomes floor panel, occurs.
If the width of floor board block is 85mm, length is 6*85=510mm, then adds to be section chief limit required process time 6 times of required time of processing minor face.A kind of effective production line can by a minor face processing equipment, a sawing unit and a plurality of long edge processing machine tool for example 6 form.
Can be by for example minor face panel 2 " Rotate 180 ° provides the locking system of mirror image reversal in horizontal plane before sawing.Selectable, can after sawing, rotate floor panel 3 accordingly.
Can and use same group of instrument to add section chief limit and minor face on uniform machinery.Some modification also are feasible.For example can at first add the section chief limit.Thereby the length of this floor components is corresponding to several floor board block, and width is corresponding to a floor board block.After at first processing, this floor components is divided into several floor panels, process the edge of this floor panel then along minor face.
Fig. 9 a-9e illustrates a floor system of being made up of two of the locking system with mirror image reversal different plank forms, and this locking system can be bonded on long limit and the minor face by inside angulation.
Fig. 9 a illustrates a locking system, and this locking system is an one with the core of floor board block in this embodiment, and is designed such that long limit can engage with minor face.Can realize vertically by joint tongue 22 and groove 23.The lath and the locking member 8 that are positioned on the floor board block 1 cooperate the latch recess 12 that is positioned on another floor board block 1 ' can realize horizontal lock.If locking system is identical basically on long limit and minor face then is favourable.In this embodiment, locking system is identical.Yet, should point out the present invention also can be used for having the variable locking system and/or comprise with core segment from or the floor board block of the locking system of different materials.This difference can be present in differently between plate and/or long limit and the minor face.By inside angulation locking system is engaged.In this embodiment, when locking system when jointing edge extends 100mm, this locking system can bear the high tensile load of about 100kg.This locking member 8 has sizable vertical (extension) limit VT and level (extension) limit HT.In this embodiment, this vertical bounds VT is 0.1 times of floor thickness T, and horizontal limit HT is 0.3 times of floor thickness T.
Fig. 9 b illustrates a floor board block 41A, and its width is 1M, and length is 6M, and length is 6 times of width.Dimensional accuracy is less than 0.1mm and even be favourable in 0.05mm or littler tolerance/tolerance.Use modern mechanical can obtain the tolerance of 0.02mm.Fig. 9 c illustrates same floor board block 41B, and difference is that locking system is by mirror image reversal.The minor face of 41A and 41B has identical joint tongue limit 22 and groove limit 23.The long limit of floor board block 41A has joint tongue limit 22 in the side that floor board block 42B has a groove limit.Thereby this locking system is by mirror image reversal.
Because the direction that long limit can engage and lay with minor face can change, so a kind of like this floor system can lay out senior pattern.Its length is that the modular system of the accurate multiple of width has increased the possibility that changes.
Fig. 9 d and Fig. 9 e illustrate the corresponding floor with a length 9M, for example are 9 times of width 1M in this embodiment.In addition, if this floor system is made up of the plate with different length, still can provide more senior pattern.
Clearly, multiple modification is feasible in the scope of above-mentioned principle.Fig. 9 f illustrates two the minor face 5a and the 5b of two adjacent edges of floor board block.In this embodiment, only by a Horizontal lock bonding part of forming by lath 6, locking member 8 and latch recess 12.This floor board block can have a locking system as shown in Figure 5 on long limit, and they can be mounted to parallel row.If floor board block has above-mentioned mirror image reversal locking system, then they can install the herringbone pattern that the growth edge joint closes minor face.Floor board block can have many different length and width.This floor system can be made up of the three or more floor board block that have different size, and this floor board block can have identical width and length arbitrarily.The width of some floor board block is 1M, and the width of other floor board block is 2M or bigger.Floor board block must not have parallel edges yet.For example, minor face can with angle at 45, long limit.Can reasonably realize this manufacturing in the machine with two chains, wherein the cam of dislocation chain is so that make plank pass through milling cutter with for example 45 ° angle.So also can realize other any angles.
Figure 10 illustrates example, illustrates how by making the inside angulation in long limit near minor face floor board block 41A be engaged with the floor board block 42B that has laid.According to the present invention, the long edge joint of floor board block 41A is closed by inside angulation.Such floor board block i.e. the second floor board block 41A, is on the angled position that makes progress with respect to the floor board block 42B one first, that laid in the past in first row in the starting stage of laying.The minor face of this second floor board block 41A contacts with the long limit of the first floor board block 42B that has laid.Making progress on the angled position if use supporting member WT to keep it and the floor board block that laid in second row to be positioned at one, then is favourable.Make a new floor board block 41A ' make its long limit near the second floor board block 41A in second row vertical with the first floor board block 42B that lays angledly.Contact with the long side of the first plate 42B up to the short side of its upside along the new floor board block 41A of jointing edge offset-lock on the second floor board block 41A in latched position then.Subsequently, whole second row floor board block 41A, 41A ' are towards the downward angulation in lower floor ground.If use suitable laying order, then use this angle-angle (joint) method can lay out senior pattern.The intensity of this mating system is big, and the expansion joint that need not between the ground plate portion just can be laid big floor.
Figure 11 a illustrates the floor board block 41A and 42A floor unit FU of one-tenth capable of being combined in a floor system of different length, so that the length of all row is all identical, and whole floor unit F U has a locking system on all limits.
Figure 11 b and 11c illustrate the plate length of plate unit F U convertibly by the combination different length.Can progressively change the length of this floor unit, wherein a step is half of length of the shortest plate.Can change width according to Figure 11 c by (change) line number.
Figure 12 a illustrates the size that can make floor unit FU adapt to the room, thereby can form the decorative escutcheon of the plate 41a that is cut, and this framework can be used for making this floor finally to adapt to the size in room.In order to create decorative pattern, use the floor board block 41A and the 41B of locking system with mirror image reversal.O1-O4 represents that one can be used for using the laying order of angle-angle (connection) method joined floorboards.After the plate that uses different length was mounted to parallel row with floor unit FU, the plate 41B of a mirror image reversal can engage with the minor face of floor unit O2.The length of this plate is selectively corresponding to the width of six floor board block.Use angle-angle (connection) method that vertical row O3 is engaged then, and use the horizontal line O4 that is similarly locked to end the laying on floor at last.
Certainly, by the combination of angular adjustment, displacement and engaging or only also can be bonded into this and other pattern by engaging, displacement and engaging.Also can use insertion along jointing edge.The locking system that is positioned on the minor face that does not have joint tongue as shown in Fig. 9 f allows only by long limit angulation is installed.
Figure 12 b illustrates a modification, and it comprises the plate 41B of a plurality of mirror image reversals in this embodiment.Can for example realize laying in the above described manner according to laying order O1-O9.
Do not have big visual joint clearance and be to make to have the floor board block of high dimensional accuracy with a condition that realizes above-mentioned floor covering layers high-qualityly.If each junction surface all has elasticity to a certain degree so that balanced manufacturing tolerance then is favourable.In this context, exist between the locking surface of locking member 8 as shown in Fig. 9 a and 9f and latch recess 12 gap P-for example 0.05mm-is favourable.Such gap P can not form a visible joint clearance.The part that the inclined-plane 133 of upside jointing edge can be used for hiding a joint clearance and also can remove hard surface course, thus the upside jointing edge is incited somebody to action more flexible and can be compressed.
Figure 13 a illustrates another kind of pattern, and O1-O7 can be laid to this pattern according to angle-angle (connection) method in order.Can only use a kind of firm and hard existing this pattern, this plate does not need to have the mating system of mirror image reversal.
Figure 14 a-b illustrates one and has the argyle design that is offset rhombus.Realize this pattern, at first make floor board block be bonded into two floor unit FU1 and FU2.For example two floor unit are bonded with each other then by inside angulation.
Figure 15 a-c illustrates selectable pattern, and this pattern can be realized by above-mentioned floor system and laying method.
Figure 16 a-b illustrates herringbone pattern, by being bonded into this pattern by the long limit of inside angulation with the minor face that closes in this length checkpost.Can for example only make long limit angulation realize laying in many ways.In Figure 16, laying on the direction ID with groove side 23 and joint tongue side 22 laying floors.If it is on the laying direction, only realize laying, then more convenient with groove limit 23 according to Figure 16 b.
Figure 16 c-e illustrates the herringbone pattern with two and three pieces.
Figure 17 a-c illustrates and can use the floor board block with the shape that for example is similar to stone to realize corresponding pattern.This floor board block has a decorative groove DG on a long limit and a minor face, this groove is for example realized by a part of for example removing the extraneous adornment layer, thereby other parts or the core that are positioned at the surface course under this decorative layer are visible.
The floor board block that Figure 17 c illustrates mirror image reversal can be bonded into senior pattern, and wherein decorative groove constitutes the framework of this floor board block after installation.
It should be noted that the present invention can be used for the plate littler than above-mentioned plate, piece and lath, piece or lath.For example, the width of this lath is 2cm, and length is 10cm.The present invention also can be used for producing very narrow floor panel, and for example about 1cm or littler panel, this panel can be used for connecting different floor unit or be used for decorating.

Claims (6)

1. floor, comprise the rectangular area plate (1) that is used to provide the floating floor of forming pattern with laminating surface, described floor board block (1) is along relative long limit (4a, 4b) have first and second linkages of one, the described floor board block and second floor board block (1 ') are locked together being used for, the feasible common vertical plane (VP) that limits of top portion that is in the described floor board block (1) and described second floor board block (1 ') of engagement state
Wherein, described first linkage comprises the locking member that projects upwards that is positioned on the long limit, this locking member cooperates with another latch recess grown on limit that is positioned at second floor board block, so that upward described floor board block (1) and described second floor board block (1 ') are locked together in a horizontal direction perpendicular to described vertical plane (VP) (D2), and described second linkage comprises joint tongue and tongue-and-groove, so that go up described floor board block (1) and described second floor board block (1 ') are locked together in a vertical direction (D1) perpendicular to a principal plane of described floor board block (1)
It is characterized in that, and the long limit of described floor board block (1) (4a, length 4b) is no more than 80cm, and (5a, length 5b) is no more than 10cm to the minor face of described floor board block (1), and wherein this minor face only has the locking system of locking flatly.
2. according to the floor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described linkage is suitable for by inside angulation described floor board block and described second floor board block being locked together at least, make that going up jointing edge is in contact with one another.
3. according to the floor of claim 2, it is characterized in that described linkage is suitable for to unclamp from a lower floor ground described floor board block and described second floor board block by angulation upwards.
4. each described floor in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that described second floor board block (1 ') is substantially the same with described floor board block (1).
5. according to each described floor among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described floor board block has a surface course (31) that comprises thermosetting resin.
6. rectangular area plate, be used to provide floating floor according to the composition pattern with laminating surface of claim 1, described floor board block (1) is along relative long limit (4a, 4b) have first and second linkages of one, the described floor board block and second floor board block (1 ') are locked together being used for, the feasible common vertical plane (VP) that limits of top portion that is in the described floor board block (1) and described second floor board block (1 ') of engagement state
Wherein, described first linkage comprises the locking member that projects upwards that is positioned on the long limit, this locking member cooperates with another latch recess grown on limit that is positioned at second floor board block, so that upward described floor board block (1) and described second floor board block (1 ') are locked together in a horizontal direction perpendicular to described vertical plane (VP) (D2), and described second linkage comprises joint tongue and tongue-and-groove, so that go up described floor board block (1) and described second floor board block (1 ') are locked together in a vertical direction (D1) perpendicular to a principal plane of described floor board block (1)
It is characterized in that, and the long limit of described floor board block (1) (4a, length 4b) is no more than 80cm, and (5a, length 5b) is no more than 10cm to the minor face of described floor board block (1), and wherein this minor face only has the locking system of locking flatly.
CNB038090694A 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Floorboards, flooring systems and methods for manufacturing and installation thereof Expired - Lifetime CN100354492C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE02012250 2002-04-22
SE0201225A SE522250C2 (en) 2002-04-22 2002-04-22 Rectangular floorboard for providing a patterned floating flooring, has opposing long edges, each having a length not exceeding 80 centimeters and short edges having a length not exceeding 10 centimeters
SE02034825 2002-11-21
SE0203482A SE526773C2 (en) 2002-11-21 2002-11-21 Rectangular floorboard for providing a patterned floating flooring, has opposing long edges, each having a length not exceeding 80 centimeters and short edges having a length not exceeding 10 centimeters

Related Child Applications (5)

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CN2007101819301A Division CN101158223B (en) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Floor and floorboards for forming the floor
CN2007101819320A Division CN101158225B (en) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Floor and floorboards for forming the floor
CN2007101819335A Division CN101158226B (en) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Floorboards, flooring systems and methods for manufacturing and installation thereof
CN2007101819299A Division CN101158222B (en) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Floor and floorboards
CN2007101819316A Division CN101158224B (en) 2002-04-22 2003-04-22 Floor and floorboards for forming the floor

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CN100354492C true CN100354492C (en) 2007-12-12

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US10041259B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2018-08-07 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor panel
US9809984B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2017-11-07 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor panel
US11795702B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2023-10-24 Flooring Industries Limited Sarl Floor panel
US8925275B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2015-01-06 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor panel

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