CN100449458C - 提供高速缓存指南的方法和系统 - Google Patents

提供高速缓存指南的方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN100449458C
CN100449458C CNB038238136A CN03823813A CN100449458C CN 100449458 C CN100449458 C CN 100449458C CN B038238136 A CNB038238136 A CN B038238136A CN 03823813 A CN03823813 A CN 03823813A CN 100449458 C CN100449458 C CN 100449458C
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特里·W·洛克里奇
王廷
罗伯特·E·特齐宾斯基
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
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    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H04N21/4331Caching operations, e.g. of an advertisement for later insertion during playback
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H04N21/21Server components or server architectures
    • H04N21/222Secondary servers, e.g. proxy server, cable television Head-end
    • H04N21/2225Local VOD servers
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    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2389Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting
    • H04N21/23895Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream encrypting involving multiplex stream encryption
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/239Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
    • H04N21/2393Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
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    • H04N21/262Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26283Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for associating distribution time parameters to content, e.g. to generate electronic program guide data
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    • H04N21/61Network physical structure; Signal processing
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    • H04N21/6131Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a mobile phone network
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    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64Addressing
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    • H04N21/84Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
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    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/50Tuning indicators; Automatic tuning control
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    • HELECTRICITY
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Abstract

一种向客户提供高速缓存指南的方法和系统。所述高速缓存指南包含可用指南数据的子集。所述可用指南数据被本地存储在微型头端单元(12)中,并且所述子集被存储在远程机顶盒(44)的高速缓冲存储器中。

Description

提供高速缓存指南的方法和系统
技术领域
本发明涉及在多住宅或多租户网络中提供视频服务。
背景技术
在传统视频系统(例如,卫星、电缆等)中,内容提供者在该系统上向客户提供节目指南(其列出了频道ID、节目标题、节目描述等)。传统上,完整的节目指南被存储在每个客户的住宅单元中的消费者预定设备装置(例如机顶盒)上。然而,这一方法的缺陷是节目指南通常非常大(例如6MB)。因此,CPE设备必须具有相对大的存储器并且必须分配大部分的存储器来存储节目指南。本发明旨在克服该缺陷。
发明内容
本发明限制了网络机顶盒中的存储器需求,以便使用更小的存储器收集一部分指南和驻留在可访问的网络上的整个指南来减少整个系统成本。更具体地,本发明致力于一种用于向客户提供高速缓存指南的方法和系统。该高速缓存指南包含可用指南数据的子集。所述可用指南数据被本地存储在微型头端单元中,并且所述子集被存储在远程机顶盒的高速缓冲存储器中。
附图说明
在附图中:
图1是本发明的例证系统图;和
图2是图解本发明的节目指南高速缓存处理的流程图。
从通过示例给出的下述说明,本发明的特征和优点将变得更明显。
具体实施方式
现在参见图1,示出了按照本发明的原理工作的例证系统10。系统10是集成数字数据系统,用于向多个用户提供宽带、数字视频和服务。更具体而言,系统10集成了用于多个用户的高质量音频和视频与数字IP数据服务。这种系统设计提供了一个平台,用于运行多个合算的数字服务。系统10被设计为可以升级,因此可以递增地增加不同的数字数据服务。
系统10包括:微型头端单元12,其中接收、集中和分布数字音频、视频和数据服务;多住宅单元(Multi-Dwelling Unit)和/或多租户单元(Multi-Tenant Unit)(“MxU”)网络14。网络14可以位于一个或多个公寓大楼、旅馆或任何其他结构--其中居住了期望数字音频、视频和数据服务的多个客户。
微型头端单元12负责接收数据,提供服务质量(“QoS”),提供定制的服务和将数据路由到在MxU网络14中的住宅单元16。微型头端单元12包括核心视频服务系统18、高级视频服务系统22、与因特网26通信连接的数据服务系统24和QoS开关28。
核心视频服务系统18最好包括与卫星20通信连接的卫星接收器系统19。卫星接收器系统19能够按照期望服务的客户的数量来定标从卫星20接收的流的数量。更具体而言,卫星接收器系统19运行一个组播服务器,以使得在住宅单元16中的网络机顶盒44请求数字数据流。卫星接收器系统19按照在机架(chassis)中的调谐叶片(tuning blade)的数量来定标直到接收到卫星的所有转发器。具有60个转发器的全负荷安装的机架能够处理2.4Gbps的输入数据率。此处,对于适当的组播组,所述机架能够通过接收新用户请求来处理n个用户。卫星接收器系统19能够接收卫星信号和以2Gbps的数据率向组播感知开关28输出IP分组。更具体而言,被发送的IP分组使用QoS(在标准IEEE802.1p(标题为“Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering”)和IEEE 802.1q(标题为“Virtual LAN”)中被阐述)来保证迅速地传送分组。在卫星接收器系统19上的网络接口是1Gbps的以太网端口,并且可以扩展到两个1Gbps的以太网端口。卫星接收器系统19的管理系统从客户接收对于节目的请求。所述管理系统使客户选择卫星、转发器和节目ID,并且使卫星接收器系统19向客户提供具体的节目流。所述管理系统也支持组播以节省带宽。虽然卫星接收器系统19和卫星20在图1中被图解为内容提供介质,但是在本发明的范围内也考虑使用用于提供内容的其他介质(例如电缆、光纤等)。
高级视频服务系统22是一个平台,它与卫星接收器系统19结合工作而使能附加的数字视频服务。按照使用服务的客户的数量来定标高级视频服务系统22。例如,当客户数量增加时,系统22可以要求更多的服务器30。所提供的服务类型特别是视频点播、近视频点播、有限视频点播、尼耳森收视率、时移、自动记录、个人视频记录(“PVR”)等。高级视频系统22包括条件访问系统(未示出),它用于被记录到硬盘驱动器32的节目流。当记录时,解密从卫星接收器系统19接收的原始节目流,提取画面数据,并且将新的节目流(包括所提取的画面数据)加密和存储到硬盘驱动器32。网络提供者的条件访问系统在高级视频系统服务器30被终止,并且其后使用新的条件访问系统。
按照使用因特网服务的客户的数量和因特网服务所要求的速度或带宽来定标数据服务系统24。
微型头端单元12可以包括千兆QoS以太网开关28(大系统的介质所需要的),它是可升级的,并且可以在小型安装情况下被去除。本领域内的技术人员知道,当选择开关28时所考虑的一些问题是所提供的服务类型和多少在MxU网络14中的住宅单元16需要支持。开关28提供了在卫星接收器系统19、高级视频服务系统22和数据服务系统24之间的连接。开关28也提供了从微型头端单元12到MxU网络14的连接。开关28支持全双工千兆因特网接口,并且可以升级以支持各种大小的系统。开关28支持在IEEE 802.1p和802.1q标准中给出的QoS。QoS便利了在开关28和高级视频服务系统22和数据服务系统24之间的通信。更具体而言,与来自数据服务系统24的数据相比,对来自视频服务系统18和高级视频服务系统22的视频数据提供更高的优先权。例如,当同时请求视频数据和因特网数据时,首先发送视频数据,并且或者如果可以获得足够的带宽则同时发送因特网数据,或者当足够的带宽可以获得时在以后的时间发送因特网数据。
MxU网络14包括服务架(service rack)34和住宅单元16。服务架34按照在MxU网络14中的住宅单元16的数量可升级,并且位于其中在MxU网络14中的电话线集中在一起的中心点中。在系统10中的MxU网络14的数量控制所需要的服务架34的数量。优选的是,对于在多网络环境(例如多建筑集合体)中的每个网络14(例如建筑物)提供服务架34。每个服务架34包括VDSL开关36,它使用简易老式电话业务(“POTS”)分路器38来将POTS服务40与经由1Gbps电话线从微型头端单元12的QoS开关28接收的数字视频、音频和数据组合。虽然VDSL开关36被图解为以太网QAM开关,但是应当注意使用任何其他的以太网开关被认为在本发明的范围内。
在系统10中,要求预订数字服务的每个住宅单元16具有消费者预定设备(consumer premise equipment)(“CPE”)装置。用于给定的住宅单元16的CPE装置根据客户的服务预订可以包括调制解调器42、网络机顶盒(“STB”)44、调制解调器42和STB 44两者、或集成的调制解调器和STB单元(未示出)。本发明的例证系统10至少要求调制解调器42,用于接收数字数据、音频和视频服务。调制解调器42可以经由电话线连接到开关36,并且终止VDSL线。调制解调器42也具有POTS分路器(未示出)和用于电话服务的连接46。调制解调器42具有以太网端口,用于提供对音频和视频服务的计算机48因特网访问和网络STB 44访问。
虽然电话线被示出为被用作在住宅单元16和微型头端单元12之间的通信介质,但是电缆和无线网络也被认为在本发明的范围内。
总之,系统10提供了用于向居住在住宅单元16的客户提供特别传送数字音频、数字视频、高速因特网访问、电话服务、安全服务等的架构,并且提供收入流和平台以向系统提供者增加递增的或新的服务。
现在参见图2,示出了节目指南高速缓存处理50。一旦启动系统10,在步骤52,微型头端单元12从核心视频服务系统18获取节目指南。应当注意,在一些情况中,指南可以大于6Mbyte并且可以要求扫描多个频道或者应答器来收集整个指南。微型头端单元12本地存储节目指南,并且在步骤54,当核心视频服务系统18提供新的指南数据时周期地更新节目指南。在网络STB44引导STB 44之后,在步骤56,建立随机高速缓存,并且向微型头端单元12请求节目指南数据。响应于该请求,在步骤58,微型头端单元12向STB 44发送本地存储的节目指南的子集。该子集保存了足够的信息以便允许客户选择不同的频道,并提供在当前正在观看的频道周围的详细快照(snapshot)。在步骤60,STB 44将接收到的子集存储在它的高速缓冲存储器中。之后,在客户通过节目指南导航,切换频道等时,在步骤62,STB 44将向微型头端单元12请求对所存储的节目指南子集的更新。由于微型头端单元12维持完整和当前的节目指南,因此与如果STB 44必须通过扫描节目流、频道和/或核心视频服务系统18的应答器来收集这种更新相比,对更新请求的响应更快。
应当注意,微型头端单元12存储的节目指南可被增加经由数据服务系统24从因特网26获取的附加信息(例如,节目数据、视频剪辑等...)。
虽然已经结合在此公开的实施例说明了本发明,应当明白,上述说明意欲图解说明,并且不限制所附权利要求所限定的本发明的范围。

Claims (16)

1.一种提供节目指南的方法,所述方法包括步骤:
从内容提供者获取节目指南数据(52);
本地存储所获取的节目指南数据;
将本地存储的节目指南数据的子集发送至远程终端(58);
从远程终端接收对子集更新的请求(62),其中该更新请求是由于频道改变而产生的;
访问本地存储的节目指南以生成所请求的更新;和
将所述更新发送至远程终端。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中远程终端是机顶盒(44)。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中本地存储的节目指南数据的子集包含用于本地存储的节目指南中的所有频道的频道ID和用于本地存储的节目指南中的频道之一的详细节目信息。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包括步骤:
从内容提供者周期获取对节目指南数据的更新(54);和
改变本地存储的节目指南数据,从而本地存储的节目指南符合所述更新(54)。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,还包括步骤:
如果从内容提供者接收的更新改变本地存储的节目指南数据中的数据,则向远程终端发送新的子集,所述本地存储的节目指南数据包含在先前发送至终端的子集中。
6.一种提供节目指南的方法,所述方法包括步骤:
分配高速缓冲存储器以存储节目指南数据的子集(56);
获取节目指南数据的子集(58);
将节目指南数据的子集存储在高速缓冲存储器中;
处理所存储的节目指南数据的子集以生成节目指南;
从客户接收频道改变请求;
请求节目指南数据的第二子集;
接收节目指南数据的第二子集;和
将节目指南数据的第二子集存储在高速缓冲存储器中。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,还包括步骤:
向客户显示节目指南。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述节目指南数据被远程存储在微型头端单元(12)中。
9.一种提供节目指南的系统,所述系统包括:
用于从内容提供者获取节目指南数据的装置(18);
用于本地存储所获取的节目指南数据的装置(22);
用于将本地存储的节目指南数据的子集发送至远程终端的装置(12,36);
用于从远程终端接收对子集更新的请求的装置(12),其中所述更新请求是由于频道改变而产生的;
用于访问本地存储的节目指南以生成所请求的更新的装置(30);和
用于将所述更新发送至远程终端的装置(28,30,36)。
10.如权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述远程终端是机顶盒(44)。
11.如权利要求9所述的系统,其中所述本地存储的节目指南数据的子集包含用于本地存储的节目指南中的所有频道的频道ID和用于本地存储的节目指南中的频道之一的详细节目信息。
12.如权利要求9所述的系统,还包括:
用于从内容提供者周期性地获取对节目指南数据的更新的装置(18);和
用于改变本地存储的节目指南数据从而本地存储的节目指南符合所述更新的装置(30)。
13.如权利要求12所述的系统,还包括:
用于如果从内容提供者接收的更新改变本地存储的节目指南数据中的数据,则向远程终端发送新的子集的装置(28,30,36),所述本地存储的节目指南数据包含在先前发送至终端的子集中。
14.一种提供节目指南的系统,所述系统包括:
用于分配高速缓冲存储器以存储节目指南数据的子集的装置(44);
用于获取节目指南数据的子集的装置(12,36);
用于将节目指南数据的子集存储在高速缓冲存储器中的装置(44);
用于处理所存储的节目指南数据的子集以生成节目指南的装置(44);
用于从客户接收频道改变请求的装置(44);
用于请求节目指南数据的第二子集的装置(28,36,44);
用于接收节目指南数据的第二子集的装置(28,36,44);和
用于将节目指南数据的第二子集存储在高速缓冲存储器中的装置(44)。
15.如权利要求14所述的系统,还包括:
用于向客户显示节目指南的装置(44)。
16.如权利要求14所述的系统,其中所述节目指南数据被远程存储在微型头端单元(12)中。
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AU2003270371A1 (en) 2004-03-29
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MXPA05002554A (es) 2005-05-27
BR0314337A (pt) 2005-08-09
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