CN100467223C - Sphericity part fixed abrasive lapping method - Google Patents

Sphericity part fixed abrasive lapping method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100467223C
CN100467223C CNB2007100713263A CN200710071326A CN100467223C CN 100467223 C CN100467223 C CN 100467223C CN B2007100713263 A CNB2007100713263 A CN B2007100713263A CN 200710071326 A CN200710071326 A CN 200710071326A CN 100467223 C CN100467223 C CN 100467223C
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bulb
abrasive
curing agent
abrasive material
filler
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CN101134294A (en
Inventor
袁巨龙
许秦
吕冰海
王志伟
俞冬强
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JIANGSU WISTATES PRECISION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Hunan University
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Abstract

The process of grinding spherical part with fixed grinding material includes the following steps: 1. compounding fixed grinding material through mixing high hardness and high sharpening performance abrasive grain in 80-90 wt%, curing agent 2-5 wt% and stuffing 7-15 wt%, sieving and mixing with water; 2. painting the compounded fixed grinding material onto abrasive disc and curing to form; and 3. setting the spherical part to be ground between the upper and lower abrasive discs and starting the grinding machine to grind. The present invention has high grinding speed, high processing efficiency and low production cost.

Description

A kind of fixed abrasive material Ginding process of bulb
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Ginding process of bulb, especially a kind of Ginding process of fixed abrasive material of bulb.
Background technology
Along with aerospace industry, nuclear industry, weapon industry and modernized Development in Machine Industry, material property, the form accuracy of difficult processing rigid material spherical part product all there is high requirement.The hard-cutting material of high rigidity, high strength, inductile and high fragility, promptly so-called " difficult-to-machine material " (bulb material that mainly comprises extensive uses such as carbide alloy, pottery), more and more come into one's own, but its lower working (machining) efficiency has greatly limited its extensive use.Such as, at present, that produces high-precision ceramic balls slightly grinds the processing capacity that operation will be finished ceramic blank ball allowance 95%, is one of bottleneck that influence ceramic ball processing efficient always, needs improve process velocity under the prerequisite of assurance ceramic ball processing quality as far as possible.With reference to Fig. 1, traditional Ceramic Balls attrition process mainly with hard, expensive diamond as abrasive material, on the V-shaped groove milling apparatus of machining steel bearing ball, carry out, load height in the process, grinding speed is low, the process-cycle long (needing several weeks to finish the processing of ceramic batch ball usually).Very long process and expensive diamond abrasive have caused high manufacturing cost, have limited its application.
In the tradition hard material bulb process of lapping, abrasive particle rolls between workpiece-abrasive disk contact-making surface, form the impression of no obvious directionality on the bulb surface, with reference to Fig. 2, the direction of arrow is the abrasive particle direction of motion, abrasive particle rolls at surface of the work, has just formed roll wearing and tearing or three-body-abrasion, and it is lower to remove efficient.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency long for the process-cycle that overcomes existing bulb Ginding process, that working (machining) efficiency is low, cost is high the invention provides the fixed abrasive material Ginding process of the bulb that a kind of process velocity is very fast, working (machining) efficiency is high, reduce production costs.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of fixed abrasive material Ginding process of bulb, this Ginding process may further comprise the steps: the preparation of (1), fixed abrasive material:
Described fixed abrasive material comprises high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle, curing agent and filler, its quality percentage composition is respectively high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle 80%~90%, curing agent 2%~5%, filler 7%~15%, high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle, curing agent, additive are mixed, stir, sieve and add water and mix;
(2), the fixed abrasive material that configures is coated on the abrasive disk of grinder, and curing molding;
(3), bulb to be processed is placed on up and down between the abrasive disk of grinder, start grinder, the surface of bulb is streaked by the high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle of abrasive material, realizes the grinding to the surface of bulb.
As preferred a kind of scheme: in described step (2), described abrasive disk comprises top lap, following abrasive disk, adopt the fluting method for making, between upper and lower abrasive disk, open system contact working groove, workpiece standing groove, fill the fixed abrasive material that configures in described contact working groove, the position of contact working groove is corresponding up and down with the position of workpiece standing groove.
Further, the width of described contact working groove be bulb to be processed the sphere diameter size 2/3 to 1 between.
As preferred another scheme: in described step (2), described abrasive disk comprises top lap, abrasive disk down, adopts the plane method for making, at top lap, the surface of abrasive disk evenly applies the fixed abrasive material that configures down, treats to repair dish after its moulding.
Described high strength self-sharpening abrasive particle is one of following: 1. diamond, 2. diamond dust, 3. corundum, 4. garnet, 5. artificial corundum, 6. boron carbide, 7. carborundum.
Described curing agent is one of following: 1. light-cured resin curing agent, 2. ceramic solidification agent, 3. epoxy curing agent, 4. unsaturated-resin curing agent, 5. polyamide curing agent, 6. cast iron curing agent.
Described filler is one of following: 1. starch based filler, 2. carbohydrate filler, 3. cellulose family filler, 4. inorganic salts filler.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: adopt fixed abrasive material to replace free abrasive in the traditional spheroidal part processing, when guaranteeing machining accuracy, improved its working (machining) efficiency on largely.
With reference to Fig. 4, relative slip does not take place with abrasive disk in abrasive particle, is fixed in the abrasive disk surface but be pressed into, streak from hard material bulb surface, the direction of arrow is the abrasive particle direction of motion, forms one group of parallel groove, the material removing method is the disome wearing and tearing or ploughs the plough wearing and tearing that it is higher to remove efficient.
Increased the abrasive particle quantity that participates in processing in hard material bulb-abrasive disk contact area, and material is removed form remove the pressure delineation removal that changes fixed abrasive material into, thereby reach the purpose that improves the bulb material removing rate by freely rolling of abrasive particle.Compare with traditional free abrasive, suitably adjusting under the grinding condition, working (machining) efficiency more is significantly improved, this be because: 1, in the fixed abrasive material grinding technique, abrasive material is cured, material is mainly removed by the form of abrasive particle delineation, and material is mainly removed by the form that abrasive particle rolls in the free abrasive processing; 2, fixed abrasive material has changed the disome material removal form that the trisome material removal form of the low clearance of free abrasive is high clearance, and under the same conditions, the form specific ionization abrasive material rolling form of this continuous delineation is removed more material; 3, in the fixed abrasive material process of lapping, the abrasive grain quantity that participates in grinding is greatly more than the quantity in traditional free abrasive grinding.For illustrating that better fixed abrasive material processing clearance is better than free abrasive processing, clearance under the following two kinds of removal forms of individual particle effect is discussed here, suppose that abrasive material is a rigid body in the process of lapping, be pressed into the bullet (bevel angle ψ) of the part of workpiece for rule, in the ditch dug with a plow wearing and tearing, the material volume clearance of single abrasive material is:
dVol dt = k g V A in = k g V h w 2 tan ψ - - - ( 1 - 1 )
Wherein, k gBe the clearance coefficient, the relative velocity of V abrasive disk and workpiece, A InFor abrasive particle is pressed into workpiece cross-sectional area partly, h wBe pressed into the degree of depth of workpiece for abrasive material.
In the rolling removal process, suppose that abrasive material makes pure rolling, the material volume clearance of single abrasive material is:
dVol dt = k r ω g n in V in = k r V 2 πD n in 2 3 h w 3 ( tan ψ ) 2 - - - ( 1 - 2 )
Wherein, k rBe clearance coefficient, ω gBe the rolling speed of abrasive material, n InPressure head number in expression round as a ball week of abrasive particle itself, V InIt is the volume that abrasive particle is pressed into the workpiece part.
D is generally arranged〉〉 h wGeometrical relationship according to abrasive material itself has 2 π D again〉〉 nh wTan ψ.Therefore comparison expression (1-1) and (1-2) can get (is supposed k under the condition of the compression distance of identical abrasive particle-workpiece and abrasive disk-workpiece speed of related movement g=k r), the material removing rate of ditch dug with a plow process will be apparently higher than the clearance of rolling process.Free abrasive and fixed abrasive material processing are removed schematic diagram respectively shown in Fig. 3-1 and Fig. 3-2 down.
Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: process velocity is very fast, working (machining) efficiency is high, reduce production costs.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing V-type groove milling apparatus principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is that freely rolling of existing bulb abrasive particle removed schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a fixed abrasive material milling apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that schematic diagram is removed in the pressure delineation of bulb abrasive particle.
Fig. 5 is the simple and easy Ceramic Balls grinding machine structure figure of present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the data comparison schematic diagram of material removing rate in the material removing rate of embodiment and the traditional process of lapping.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
With reference to Fig. 3~Fig. 5, a kind of fixed abrasive material Ginding process of bulb, this Ginding process may further comprise the steps: the preparation of (1), fixed abrasive material:
Described fixed abrasive material comprises high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle, curing agent and filler, its quality percentage composition is respectively high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle 80%~90%, curing agent 2%~5%, filler 7%~15%, high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle, curing agent, additive are mixed, stir, sieve and add water and mix;
(2), the fixed abrasive material that configures is coated on the abrasive disk of grinder, and curing molding;
(3), bulb to be processed is placed on up and down between the abrasive disk of grinder, start grinder, the surface of bulb is streaked by the high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle of abrasive material, realizes the grinding to the surface of bulb.
In described step (2), described abrasive disk comprises top lap, following abrasive disk, adopt the fluting method for making, between upper and lower abrasive disk, open system contact working groove, workpiece standing groove, fill the fixed abrasive material that configures in described contact working groove, the position of contact working groove is corresponding up and down with the position of workpiece standing groove.
The width of described contact working groove be bulb to be processed the sphere diameter size 2/3 to 1 between.
Or: in described step (2), described abrasive disk comprises top lap, following abrasive disk, adopts the plane method for making, evenly applies the fixed abrasive material that configures on the surface of top lap, following abrasive disk, treats to repair dish after its moulding.
Described high strength self-sharpening abrasive particle is one of following: 1. diamond, 2. diamond dust, 3. corundum, 4. garnet, 5. artificial corundum, 6. boron carbide, 7. carborundum.Described curing agent is one of following: 1. light-cured resin curing agent, 2. ceramic solidification agent, 3. epoxy curing agent, 4. unsaturated-resin curing agent, 5. polyamide curing agent, 6. cast iron curing agent.Described filler is one of following: 1. starch based filler, 2. carbohydrate filler, 3. cellulose family filler, 4. inorganic salts filler.
With reference to Fig. 3, facilities and equipments comprise the top lap 1 of fuselage, coaxial setting, following abrasive disk 2, top lap connects driving shaft 3, following abrasive disk 2 is placed on the base, also have charger, form grinding groove between the upper and lower abrasive disk, one of two contact areas of upper and lower abrasive disk and bulb 4 to be processed have annular and contact groove, fill fixed abrasive material in the described annular contact groove, the width of annular contact groove is suitable with the sphere diameter size of the bulb of processing, and the bulb of present embodiment is a Ceramic Balls.
Top lap 1 has " V " shape grinding groove, and following abrasive disk 2 has annular with the contact area of Ceramic Balls and contacts groove 5, fills fixed abrasive material in the described annular contact groove.
The contact area that present embodiment is chosen down between abrasive disk and the Ceramic Balls is a slot area, is abrasive particle with the diadust, and light-cured resin is the fixed abrasive material bond, and the high accuracy silicon nitride ceramic ball is the example comparison other,
Whole grinding system is installed on the drilling machine.Driving shaft is clipped on the drill bit, and drill bit rotates top lap by driving shaft.A bearing is installed on the following abrasive disk, is used for guaranteeing the axiality of upper and lower abrasive disk.In process, an end of driving shaft inserts bearing and cooperates with it.Processing load is provided by the counterweight that hangs on the side wheel, and side wheel is located on the column.Being lined with a crash roll between abrasive disk and the drilling machine platform down, constituted the flexible support system of embodiment device in conjunction with the drill press spindle spring.Circular trough on the following abrasive disk has filled up the diamond abrasive that solidifies with light-cured resin.V-shaped groove is opened on top lap, and is coaxial with driving shaft.Top lap is pushed down Ceramic Balls downwards under certain load, and rotation under driving shaft drives simultaneously.Ceramic Balls is slided near the abrasive disk surface and is rotated.The removal of Ceramic Balls material mainly is that the shear action by fixed abrasive material realizes.And this fixed abrasive material grinding is successional, because in a single day its abrasive material top layer is worn, new diamond abrasive dust just can reveal.
The preparation fixed abrasive material mixes stirring to diadust and light-cured resin with finite concentration earlier, then mixture is coated in down on the belt groove of abrasive disk, makes its curing.
Whole grinding system is installed on the drilling machine, as shown in Figure 5.Ceramic ball processing device part in detail sees that Fig. 2, driving shaft are clipped on the drill bit, and drill bit rotates top lap by driving shaft.Load is provided by the weight that hangs on the side wheel.Settling a crash roll down between abrasive disk and the drilling machine platform.
The embodiment condition is as shown in table 1, and the result will be with under condition of similarity (grinding agent is the diamond paste of W5 specification for the about 5 Ns/ball of load, about 4 meter per seconds of speed), and the data that adopt traditional Ginding process to obtain are compared.Before embodiment begins, need beforehand research time of two hours to be used for guaranteeing that Ceramic Balls is between the fixed abrasive material of the vee-cut of top lap and following abrasive disk
Contact is good.Table 1 is real for the high-precision ceramic balls fixed abrasive material grinds
Execute routine condition:
Figure C200710071326D00101
Table 1
Table 2 has shown the results of property of high-precision ceramic balls among the embodiment.Fig. 5 has shown the data of material removing rate in the material removing rate of this embodiment and the traditional process of lapping.The result shows that the Ceramic Balls material removing rate in the present embodiment is stable.Compare with traditional process of lapping, material removing rate almost is under the same conditions 20 times.The surface roughness that records Ceramic Balls in the present embodiment is about 10 nanometers, near resulting roughness in traditional process of lapping.This shows that the fixed abrasive material grinding technique aspect the traditional free abrasive grinding technique of replacement, especially aspect roughing and semifinishing, has prospect very much.
Figure C200710071326D00111
Table 2
Table 3 has provided the embodiment of a more complete high-precision ceramic balls grinding technology.
Process segment Roughing The false add worker Fine finishining
Abrasive material Diamond 600# Diamond (or B 4C) 2000# Diamond (or B 4C) 4000#
Concentration
80%~100% 85%~100% 90%~100%
Rotating speed 300~400 rev/mins 250~300 rev/mins 200~150 rev/mins
Load
2~5N/ ball 1~3N/ ball 0.5~1N/ ball
Abrasive disk Cast iron plate Cast iron plate Cast iron plate+polyurethane polishing pad
Table 3
Last example only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and every any modifications and changes of doing according to this patent all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of fixed abrasive material Ginding process of bulb, it is characterized in that: this Ginding process may further comprise the steps:
(1), the preparation of fixed abrasive material:
Described fixed abrasive material comprises high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle, curing agent and filler, its quality percentage composition is respectively high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle 80%~90%, curing agent 2%~5%, filler 7%~15%, with the composition summation of above-mentioned high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle, curing agent, filler is 100% mixing, stir, sieve and add water and mix;
(2), the fixed abrasive material that configures is coated on the abrasive disk of grinder, and curing molding; Described abrasive disk comprises top lap, following abrasive disk, adopt the fluting method for making, open system contact working groove, workpiece standing groove between upper and lower abrasive disk, fill the fixed abrasive material that configures in described contact working groove, the position of contact working groove is corresponding up and down with the position of workpiece standing groove;
(3), bulb to be processed is placed on up and down between the abrasive disk of grinder, start grinder, the surface of bulb is streaked by the high rigidity self-sharpening abrasive particle of abrasive material, realizes the grinding to the surface of bulb.
2, the fixed abrasive material Ginding process of a kind of bulb as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the width of described contact working groove be bulb to be processed the sphere diameter size 2/3 to 1 between.
3, the fixed abrasive material Ginding process of a kind of bulb as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described high strength self-sharpening abrasive particle is one of following: 1. diamond, 2. diamond dust, 3. corundum, 4. garnet, 5. artificial corundum, 6. boron carbide, 7. carborundum.
4, the fixed abrasive material Ginding process of a kind of bulb as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described curing agent is one of following: 1. light-cured resin curing agent, 2. ceramic solidification agent, 3. epoxy curing agent, 4. unsaturated-resin curing agent, 5. polyamide curing agent, 6. cast iron curing agent.
5, the fixed abrasive material Ginding process of a kind of bulb as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described filler is one of following: 1. starch based filler, 2. carbohydrate filler, 3. cellulose family filler, 4. inorganic salts filler.
CNB2007100713263A 2007-09-21 2007-09-21 Sphericity part fixed abrasive lapping method Expired - Fee Related CN100467223C (en)

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CN105881193A (en) * 2016-06-05 2016-08-24 山东东阿钢球集团有限公司 Novel steel ball grinding device and grinding method thereof
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Patent Citations (4)

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