CN100495789C - Fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100495789C CN100495789C CNB2004800259453A CN200480025945A CN100495789C CN 100495789 C CN100495789 C CN 100495789C CN B2004800259453 A CNB2004800259453 A CN B2004800259453A CN 200480025945 A CN200480025945 A CN 200480025945A CN 100495789 C CN100495789 C CN 100495789C
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- fuel cell
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- waste gas
- cell system
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 410
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 410
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 391
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 232
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 59
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 230000000541 pulsatile effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[O] Chemical compound [O].[O] QRSFFHRCBYCWBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
A fuel cell system which reduces a quantity of hydrogen in hydrogen off-gas discharged from a fuel cell (121), and then discharges the hydrogen off-gas to atmosphere, includes an adjusting valve (133) that suppresses a pulsed change in a flow quantity of hydrogen off-gas, which is intermittently discharged from the fuel cell (121) to an exhaust passage and therefore flows in the exhaust passage in a pulse manner, such that the flow quantity becomes constant (stable).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel cell system and a kind of electric motor car that adopts this fuel cell system.More specifically, the present invention relates to improvement, wherein, remaining hydrogen is refluxed fuel cell system.
Background technology
Fuel cell receives the supply of hydrogen and oxygen (oxidizing gas) to produce electric power.The gas that contains the remaining hydrogen that does not consume in fuel cell is used as the outside of hydrogen toxic emission to fuel cell.Simultaneously, the gas that contains in fuel cell the oxygen that does not consume is used as the outside of oxygen toxic emission to fuel cell.Because residual in the hydrogen waste gas have hydrogen, so can improve fuel efficiency by making hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation to the hydrogen supply side of fuel cell.
Under the situation that this hydrogen waste gas circulates, infiltrate into the nitrogen (N of anode-side from the cathode side of fuel cell in fuel cell
2) gather the element cell output that this can hinder electrochemical reaction and reduce fuel cell.Simultaneously, the humidification water in the hydrogen and since the hydropexis that electrochemical reaction generates in fuel cell, the element cell output that this can hinder electrochemical reaction and reduce this fuel cell.Therefore, in the hydrogen scheme for exhaust gas circulation system, provide dump valve, and via this dump valve with the outside of hydrogen waste gas intermittent discharge to fuel cell, thereby the output that prevents fuel cell reduces.
When hydrogen waste gas is discharged into fuel cell system outside, this hydrogen waste gas and oxygen waste gas in an indoor mixing so that reduce hydrogen concentration, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication No.2003-132915 (JP-A-No.2003-132915), perhaps utilize catalyst to the hydrogen processing of burning, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication No.2002-289237 (JP-A-No.2002-289237).In Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication No.2002-289237 in the disclosed fuel cell system, hydrogen waste gas is stored in a Room that is arranged in drain passageway by temporary transient (temporarily), hydrogen waste gas is discharged into gradually from this chamber and makes hydrogen waste gas and oxygen waste gas collaborate the interflow portion (fluidic junction of (mixing), the portion of confluxing) and by this oxygen exhaust gas dilution, and utilize the burner that comprises catalyst to the hydrogen processing of burning.
Although disclosed chamber that is used for dilute hydrogen waste gas and Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication No.2002-289237 disclosed being used for can both reduce hydrogen concentration when hydrogen waste gas is discharged into atmosphere effectively to the burn burner handled of hydrogen among the Japanese Patent Laid Open Publication No.2003-132915, intermittently flow into the interior hydrogen waste gas of described chamber or described burner the flow fuel cell work (operation) state (load) and change.Therefore, require the size of described chamber or described burner bigger, to handle the hydrogen waste gas of maximum (peak amount).Especially, under the situation of vehicle-mounted fuel cell system,, need reduce the size of this hydrogen waste gas output mechanism because the installing space of fuel cell system is limited.Simultaneously, owing to adopt general expensive platinum in the catalyst in the burner, if the size of burner (catalyst) is big, the cost height of this burner (catalyst) then.
Document US 2003/077488A1 discloses a kind of discharge fuel dilution device and has discharged fuel dilution type fuel cell system, wherein said fuel dilution device comprise the fuel of discharging from fuel cell when removing, remain in wherein the retaining zone with predetermined and from the air that fuel cell is discharged flow via it and described air therein with from the fuel mix of described retaining zone to dilute the dilution zone with predetermined of described fuel.
In addition, document US 2001/018142A1 discloses a kind of fuel cell system that produces the fuel cell of electric power by the chemical reaction between hydrogen and the oxygen that comprises.This system comprises that being arranged on hydrogen flows into inflow access valve in the path via its hydrogen that supplies to fuel battery.Intermittently hydrogen is supplied to battery pack by the opening and closing of controlling this inflow access valve and hydrogen dump valve according to the hydrogen that consumes.
In addition, document EP 0356906A1 discloses the fuel battery assembly of a kind of hydrogen fuel upgrading in mist cold fuel cell Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) assembly, and wherein the power unit of phosphorous fuel cell power generating system is by cooling off water droplet or atomized water spray in anodic gas stream.The anode exhaust that wherein has steam then is separated, its part directly the burner in arrival catalytic reforming device with by the modifier burner dissipated.The remainder of anode exhaust is sent to the modifier inlet, provides the upgrading reaction required water at this inlet.Produce mist by condensation water outlet from the exhaust of the turbo-compressor of the air of the cathode side that is fed to power unit from compression.
In addition, document US 2003/129472A1 discloses the fuel cell system of a kind of unidirectional valve and this unidirectional valve of use.This unidirectional valve is arranged in the hydrogen waste gas circulation path that is connected to fuel cell so that hydrogen waste gas is only mobile along a direction.In valve casing inside, be provided with first discharge chambe and second discharge chambe, be provided with dividing plate betwixt.In this dividing plate, be formed with first intercommunicating pore and second intercommunicating pore so that be communicated with first discharge chambe and second discharge chambe.In first pilot valve, openend is provided with up and stiff end is provided with down.In second pilot valve, openend is provided with down and stiff end is provided with up.
Document WO 2004/51780A1 discloses a kind of fuel cell system that comprises fuel cell, feed system, recirculating system, scavenging valve and controller, and described controller is used for regulating the valve opening of described scavenging valve so that the nitrogen concentration of recirculating system fuel gas keeps constant.
Document US 2002/094469A1 discloses a kind of vehicle-mounted fuel cell system and has been used to discharge the method for hydrogen waste gas, wherein, the hydrogen waste gas that consumes is discharged from fuel cell via hydrogen exhausting waste gas circulation flow path, and the oxygen waste gas of consumption is discharged from fuel cell via oxygen exhausting waste gas circulation flow path.The oxygen waste gas that flows through oxygen exhausting waste gas runner is mixed and diluted in mixing portion with the hydrogen waste gas that flows through hydrogen exhausting waste gas runner.Mixed gas flows into burner via gas-liquid separator in mixing portion.The burner that comprises platinum catalyst makes the hydrogen that is contained in the mist by burner and oxygen reaction, and further reduces the concentration of hydrogen contained in the mist.Hydrogen concentration is discharged in the atmosphere by the mist that burner reduces.The hydrogen waste gas of the consumption of discharging from fuel cell and the oxygen waste gas of consumption mix mixing portion and dilute.In the downstream of a stop valve and in the place ahead of mixing portion one breeze way is set.This breeze way has different inlet diameters and outlet diameter, and wherein outlet diameter is less than inlet diameter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of flow or constant little fuel cell system of size that makes hydrogen waste gas output mechanism of the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas by making hydrogen waste gas.
A first aspect of the present invention relates to the hydrogen concentration of a kind of attenuating from the hydrogen waste gas that fuel cell is discharged, then with the fuel cell system of this hydrogen toxic emission in the atmosphere.This fuel cell system comprises the adjuster valve (flow control valve, pressure-regulating valve, drive/close valve etc.) that the flow of hydrogen waste gas (or the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas) is adjusted to constant flow rate (or constant density), this adjuster valve be arranged on for from fuel cell continuously or the hydrogen waste gas of intermittently discharging by the exhaust channel that exports to the fuel cell system outside.
Adopt this structure, when promptly the operating state of convenient fuel cell changes, also can reduce the pulsatile change of the flow (the perhaps hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas) of hydrogen waste gas in the exhaust channel, make the flow even (constant) of hydrogen waste gas, thereby make the effect of catalyst stable.In addition, can reduce the use amount of expensive catalysts.In addition, do not use catalyst to burn then to handle under the situation about just being discharged in the atmosphere, can easily the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust channel be maintained low value in that hydrogen waste gas is diluted.
Adjuster valve can be based on the operating state control of fuel cell and open/the mechanical type adjuster valve or the electromagnetically operated valve of the amount of closing.
Fuel cell system also can comprise be used for detecting exhaust channel hydrogen waste gas quantity of state (for example, hydrogen concentration in the flow of hydrogen waste gas or the hydrogen waste gas, the perhaps flow of the hydrogen waste gas of estimating based on the operating state of fuel cell or the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas) the gaseous state checkout gear, and can come the regulating and controlling valve based on detected quantity of state.Adopt this structure,, can make stability of flow owing to come opening/closing of regulating and controlling valve based on detected quantity of state.
In addition, fuel cell system also can comprise the chamber of temporary transient storage gas, and this chamber is arranged on the upstream of exhaust channel adjusted valve.Adopt this structure, because intermittently the hydrogen waste gas of discharging is temporarily stored, the pulsatile change of hydrogen exhaust gas flow is suppressed and makes the constant flow of hydrogen waste gas.
Fuel cell system also can comprise the interflow portion that oxygen-bearing fluid (air off gas, air, oxidizing gas etc.) and hydrogen waste gas are collaborated, and this interflow portion is arranged on the downstream of adjuster valve.In the following embodiments, burner is as interflow portion.Yet hydrogen waste gas is connected with Guan Yuyi root pipe with air off gas with pipe.
In addition, interflow portion can comprise that the hydrogen that is used for the hydrogen concentration by hydrogen waste gas and described fluid being collaborated lower hydrogen waste gas reduces device (for example, air mix facilities and reforming unit (catalyst and burner)).Term " attenuating hydrogen concentration " means " hydrogen concentration of attenuating from the gas that hydrogen minimizing device is discharged " and " reducing the total amount that reduces the hydrogen of device discharge from hydrogen ".
Fuel cell also can comprise being used to detect and flow into the fluid state transducer of quantity of state (flow and concentration) that hydrogen reduces the fluid of device, and the output that adjuster valve can be based on this fluid state transducer is controlled out/electromagnetically operated valve of the amount of closing.
In addition, hydrogen reduces device can comprise the reforming unit (catalyst and burner) that utilizes described fluid to make hydroxide, and fuel cell system also can comprise the temperature-detecting device of the temperature that is used for detecting the oxidized position of reforming unit hydrogen, and can come opening/amount of closing of regulating and controlling valve based on this temperature.
Adopt this structure, owing to can change the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that exports to reforming unit according to the output of temperature-detecting device and export to the air off gas amount of this reforming unit, so can keep the activation temperature of this reforming unit, thereby can make the hydrogen the efficient oxidation.
In addition, can supply to the Fluid Volume of reforming unit by adjuster valve control.Adopt this structure, the air-fuel ratio between hydrogen and the oxygen can be adjusted to appropriate value.
In addition, the quantity of state of hydrogen waste gas can be a pressure, and the opening of the adjuster valve/amount of closing can be regulated according to this pressure.Adopt this structure, can be according to the pressure that for example detects by the pressure sensor that is used to detect the hydrogen exhaust gas pressure, the opening of the adjuster valve/amount of closing is set at appropriate value.
In addition, can be based on the opening of the hydrogen vent valve of hydrogen waste gas from the fuel cell exhaust to the exhaust channel/state of closing is obtained the quantity of state of hydrogen waste gas.Adopt this structure, owing to come opening/closing of regulating and controlling valve, so do not need to be provided for to detect the particular sensor of the quantity of state of hydrogen waste gas based on the opening of the hydrogen vent valve/information of closing.
In addition, the flow that exports to the hydrogen waste gas of exhaust channel can be regulated by the aperture area of regulating adjuster valve.
Exhaust channel can comprise that hydrogen supply waste gas exports at least two exhaust channels of fuel cell system outside, and adjuster valve can comprise opening in each that is arranged on described at least two exhaust channels/close valve.
Control each according to the state of the hydrogen waste gas of the upstream side of each described opening/close valve and drive/close valve.
A second aspect of the present invention relates to hydrogen waste gas that a kind of dilution discharges from fuel cell then with the fuel cell system of this hydrogen toxic emission to the atmosphere.This fuel cell system comprises: first path that flows through for the diluent gas that can be used for dilute hydrogen waste gas; For the alternate path of discharging from the hydrogen waste gas of fuel cell; Interflow portion, first path is connected with this interflow portion with alternate path; And the pressure-regulating device that is used for regulating the pressure of the pressure of hydrogen waste gas of interflow portion and diluent gas, this pressure-regulating device is arranged in first path and the alternate path at least one.
Adopt this structure,, can make the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that is discharged into this interflow portion constant because the difference of the pressure of the pressure of interflow portion place's air off gas and hydrogen waste gas is conditioned.
Pressure-regulating device can be arranged in the alternate path.
Pressure-regulating device can comprise the air compressor that is set in place in the oxidizing gas supply passageway of the cathode side of fuel cell, and connects the entrance side of this air compressor and at least one and the adjusting path of alternate path in the outlet side.
Pressure-regulating device can comprise can regulate according to the pressure in the portion of interflow open/amount of closing drive/close valve, this is driven/closes valve and is arranged on and regulates in the path.
Regulate path and can comprise that the supply passageway that connects the entrance side that is positioned at air compressor regulates path with first of alternate path, and connect the supply passageway of the outlet side that is positioned at air compressor and the second adjusting path of alternate path.Fuel cell system also can comprise by utilizing air compressor to regulate path via first and forms the pressure that negative pressure makes hydrogen waste gas be lower than the pressure of diluent gas in the portion of interflow and utilize air compressor to make the pressure of hydrogen waste gas in this alternate path be higher than the pressure control device of the pressure of the diluent gas in the portion of interflow via the second adjusting path in alternate path.
A third aspect of the present invention relates to hydrogen waste gas that a kind of dilution discharges from fuel cell then with the fuel cell system of this hydrogen toxic emission to the atmosphere.This fuel cell system comprises: first path that flows through for the diluent gas that can be used for dilute hydrogen waste gas; For the alternate path of discharging from the hydrogen waste gas of fuel cell; Interflow portion, first path is connected with this interflow portion with alternate path; And the pressure conditioning equipment of regulating the pressure of the pressure of the hydrogen waste gas in the portion of interflow and diluent gas, this pressure conditioning equipment is arranged in first path and the alternate path at least one.
Adopt this structure,, can make the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that is discharged into this interflow portion constant because the difference of the pressure of the pressure of interflow portion place's air off gas and hydrogen waste gas is conditioned.
According to of the present invention above-mentioned first to the third aspect, since can suppress from fuel cell intermittently (or continuously) the hydrogen exhaust gas flow of discharging or the hydrogen waste gas pulsatile change (fluctuation) of hydrogen concentration can make the use amount of the stable and minimizing catalyst of the effect of catalyst so that this flow or hydrogen concentration are even.Thereby, can use little burner to the processing of burning of hydrogen waste gas.
Description of drawings
From the explanation to exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage will become obviously, and wherein, same numeral is used to indicate same parts, in the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1A is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation first embodiment, and Figure 1B and Fig. 1 C are the curve charts of explanation first embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation second embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 4th embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 5th embodiment;
Fig. 6 A is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 6th embodiment; Fig. 6 B is the curve chart of explanation the 6th embodiment;
Fig. 7 A is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 7th embodiment, and Fig. 7 B to Fig. 7 D is the curve chart of explanation the 7th embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 8th embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 9th embodiment;
Figure 10 A is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the tenth embodiment, and Figure 10 B and Figure 10 C are the curve charts of explanation the tenth embodiment;
Figure 11 A is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation one comparative example, and Figure 11 B and Figure 11 C are the curve charts of this comparative example of explanation;
Figure 12 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 11 embodiment;
Figure 13 A to Figure 13 C is the curve chart of the control operation among explanation the 11 embodiment;
Figure 14 A to Figure 14 C is the curve chart of another control operation among explanation the 11 embodiment;
Figure 15 is the diagrammatic sketch of explanation the 12 embodiment; And
Figure 16 A to Figure 16 E is the curve chart of the control operation among explanation the 12 embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In an embodiment of the present invention, it is one indoor that the hydrogen waste gas of intermittently discharging from fuel cell is stored in, and the amount of the hydrogen waste gas that will flow out from this chamber by adjuster valve is adjusted to constant.As adjuster valve, can adopt flow control valve (choke valve or have the flow control valve of pressure compensator), pressure-control valve (pressure-reducing valve) etc.Adjuster valve can be mechanical valve or electromagnetically operated valve.When using the mechanical adjustment valve, advantage is to regulate flow with lower cost.When using solenoid valve, advantage is to regulate flow according to various conditions.In addition, when employing is difficult for being under pressure the flow control valve of influence of fluctuations, can omit and be used for temporarily storing hydrogen waste gas with the chamber that reduces pressure oscillation (for example, hereinafter described the chamber 132 among Figure 1A and hereinafter described be arranged on the chamber (for example, the muffler among Figure 12 234) in adjuster valve downstream).
Because the hydrogen waste gas of constant basis is fed into burner, so can avoid in the short time a large amount of hydrogen waste gas being supplied to the situation of the catalyst in the burner.Thereby, can use little amount of catalyst (little burner) to the hydrogen of the discharging processing of burning from fuel cell.In addition, control supplies to the amount of the hydrogen waste gas and the oxygen waste gas of burner, so that the efficient of catalyst becomes best.
(first embodiment)
The schematically illustrated first embodiment of the present invention of Figure 1A to Fig. 1 C.Figure 1A illustrates the consistent high pressure hydrogen fuel case 101 that is used to store hydrogen, be used to interrupt from the hydrogen of consistent high pressure hydrogen fuel case 101 supply with drive/close valve (stop valve) 102, be used to regulate the hydrogen that supplies to fuel cell 121 pressure (flow) pressure-regulating valve 103 and be used to make the exhaust (hydrogen waste gas) that contains untapped residual hydrogen to be back to the pump 104 of fuel cell 121.Figure 1A also illustrates the air filter 111 that is used to remove dust in air, be used to the humidifier 113 carrying the compressor 112 of air and be used for humidifying air.Fuel cell 121 is high-molecular electrolyte fuel batteries for example.Fuel cell receives the supply of hydrogen and air (oxidizing gas) to produce electric power.Figure 1A also illustrate be used for the hydrogen toxic emission to the driving/close valve 131, its capacity and be enough to temporarily store the chamber 132 of hydrogen waste gas of fuel cell 121 outsides, the hydrogen waste gas that allows to be stored in chamber 132 flows out so that the mechanical flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133 of constant flow and the burner 134 that uses platinum catalyst that hydrogen is burnt and handles.Hydrogen waste gas supplies to burner 134 from flow control valve 133, and air off gas supplies to burner 134 from fuel cell 121.The interflow portion that burner 134 mixes mutually as hydrogen waste gas and air off gas.Owing to the outside (atmosphere) that the moisture that generates is discharged into fuel cell system is handled in the burning in the burner 134.In Fig. 1, hydrogen supply passageway 201 extends to fuel cell 121 from fuel tank 101.Air (oxidizing gas) supply passageway 202 extends to fuel cell 121 from air filter 111.Hydrogen exhaust passageway (exhaust channel) the 203rd, hydrogen supply waste gas export to the path of burner 134 from fuel cell 121.Hydrogen waste gas circulation path 204 is hydrogen supply waste gas exports to hydrogen supply passageway 201 from fuel cell 121 paths.Air off gas path 205 is the paths that export to burner 134 for air off gas from fuel cell 121.Exhaust is discharged into the atmosphere from burner 134 via outside exhaust channel 206.Above-mentioned the opening of control part 300 controls/close valve 102, pressure-regulating valve 103, circulating pump 104, compressor 112, drive/close valve 131 etc.Control part 300 utilizes the control computer system to constitute.
Next, the operation of the fuel cell system of carrying out by control part 300 is described.Valve 102 is driven/closed to control part 300 according to what open fuel tank 101 from its outside power generation command.In addition, control part 300 by regulate pressure-regulating valve 103 set supply to fuel cell 121 hydrogen flowing quantity to produce the load electric power of institute's required amount.In addition, control part 300 is handled compressor 112, a certain amount of air corresponding with amounts of hydrogen is carried out humidification, and this air is supplied to fuel cell 121.When hydrogen and air (oxidizing gas) when being transported to fuel cell 121, in each battery electrochemical reaction takes place, and produce electromotive force between anode in fuel cell 121 and the negative electrode (not shown).This electric power is supplied to the motor and the secondary cell of vehicle.
In addition, shown in Fig. 1 C, suppress the pulsatile change of the 132 hydrogen exhausted air quantities that flow out by mechanical flow control valve 133 from the chamber.As a result, the flow at Y portion 132 hydrogen waste gas that flow out from the chamber is adjusted to stable (evenly).Thereby the hydrogen waste gas of substantially constant flow is fed into burner 134 with air off gas, and utilizes the platinum catalyst processing of burning.
Shown in Fig. 1 C, because the constant flow of hydrogen waste gas, in hydrogen waste gas stood to burn the stage of handling subsequently, the effect of platinum catalyst became stable in the burner 134.Simultaneously, with do not utilize chamber 132 and the hydrogen waste gas of the peak flow situation of handling (with reference to Figure 1B) of burning compared with flow control valve 133 and in burner 134, perhaps the hydrogen waste gas of the peak flow situation of handling (with reference to following Figure 11 C) of burning is compared in burner 134 with not utilizing flow control valve 133, the amount of catalyst is less.
Not only in this embodiment, and in embodiment described later, available fuel battery system air outside replaces supplying to the oxygen waste gas of burner 134.
The opening of the flow control valve 133/amount of closing can be regulated by control part 300 according to the open mode of driving/close valve 131 as the hydrogen scavenging valve.For example, driving/closing valve 131 opens and predetermined opens the period and valve 131 is closed to out/closes under the situation that cycle that valve 131 opens next time changes and open/close opening under the situation that the period changes of valve 131 in this constant period and per unit cycle from opening/closing, open/close the ratio of opening the period of valve 131 according to time per unit and open flow control valve 133, promptly, when open/close valve 131 open the large percentage of period the time, open flow control valve 133 to a greater degree.Thereby, can make the pressure substantially constant of hydrogen waste gas in the chamber 132 and need not to use particular sensor.Thereby, can suppress to supply to the stream of pulses of the hydrogen waste gas of burner 134, simultaneously the discharge rate of scalable hydrogen waste gas.This control operation can be carried out like this, the open mode of splitting/closing valve 131 is controlled and is promptly controlled determining whether that the control part 300 that opens or closes out/close valve 131 detects the open mode of driving/close valve 131, and generates the signal that is used for the opening of the control flows adjustable valve 133/amount of closing.
Figure 11 A illustrates a kind of fuel cell system that is used for illustrating the comparative example of the first embodiment effect.In Figure 11 A, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
Shown in Figure 11 A, between chamber 132 and burner 134, be not provided for suppressing the flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133 of the pulsatile change of flow.As a result, the pulsatile change of X portion place hydrogen exhaust gas flow does not reduce too much, and the flow that supplies to the hydrogen waste gas of burner 134 is located significantly to change according to pulse mode in Y portion.For in burner 134 to the processing of burning of hydrogen waste gas, need provide its disposal ability to be enough to handle the catalyst of peak amount hydrogen waste gas.Thereby, need relatively large expensive platinum catalyst, correspondingly, the size of burner 134 also needs bigger.In addition, because the flow of hydrogen waste gas is discontinuous or according to the pulse mode variation, the effect of catalyst is also unstable.
Fig. 2 illustrates second embodiment.In Fig. 2, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, use the diaphragm type mechanical valve as flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133.The pressure that supplies to the hydrogen of fuel cell 121 is applied to the diaphragm of flow control valve 133 as pilot pressure, and according to the aperture of flow (pressure) the control flows control valve 133 of institute's supply of hydrogen.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, when control part 300 opens according to the increase of require load that pressure-regulating valve 103 supplies to the amounts of hydrogen of fuel cell 121 with increase and during the electric power amount that increase to produce, the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that is disposed to hydrogen exhaust passageway (exhaust channel) from fuel cell 121 also increases (that is, discharge the peak amount and discharge number of times and increase).Pressure in the hydrogen supply passageway 201 passes to the diaphragm of flow control valve 133 as pilot pressure, and increases from the flow of the hydrogen waste gas of flow control valve 133.Thereby according to the increase of the amounts of hydrogen that supplies to fuel cell 121, the mean value (constant value) that supplies to the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of burner 134 also increases.
Thereby, can change the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that supplies to burner 134 according to the increase of the hydrogen waste gas of discharging from fuel cell 121, and the processing of burning.In this case, same, because the hydrogen waste gas of average (substantially constant) amount is fed into catalyst, the effect of catalyst becomes stable.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Fig. 3 illustrates the third embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 3, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, use electromagnetically operated valve, and control this electromagnetically operated valve by the output of control part 300 as flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, control part 300 supplies to the amounts of hydrogen of fuel cell 121 with setting according to the aperture of the accelerator opening setting adjuster valve 103 of vehicle.In addition, control part 300 is set the mean value that supplies to the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of burner 134 from flow control valve 133 according to the accelerator opening of vehicle.Thereby, can set the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that supplies to burner 134 according to the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of discharging from fuel cell 121.
In this case, same, because the hydrogen waste gas of average (substantially constant) amount is fed into catalyst, the effect of this catalyst becomes stable.
Can drive the electromagnet of flow control valve 133 by the power that increases the signal of telecommunication of indicating accelerator opening, and not utilize control part 300.
(the 4th embodiment)
Fig. 4 illustrates the fourth embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 4, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, be provided for measuring the temperature sensor 136 of the temperature of catalyst in the burner 134.The output of temperature sensor 136 is passed to control part 300.Be used to suppress the pulsatile change of hydrogen exhausted air quantity and the flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133 that hydrogen waste gas supplies to burner 134 is made of electromagnetically operated valve.In addition, the air off gas of capacity is fed into burner 134.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, control part 300 is regulated from the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of flow control valve 133 supplies, so that the temperature of catalyst becomes appropriate value in the burner 134 based on the output of temperature sensor 136.That is, when the temperature of catalyst was high, the aperture that reduces flow control valve 133 stood the hydrogen amount of burning and handling with minimizing.When the temperature of catalyst is low, opens flow control valve 133 and stand the hydrogen amount of burning and handling with increase.In each case, flow control valve 133 all suppresses the pulsatile change of hydrogen exhausted air quantity, and the hydrogen waste gas of substantially constant amount is supplied to burner 134.
In this case, same, because the hydrogen waste gas of average (substantially constant) amount is fed into catalyst, the effect of catalyst becomes stable.Because the temperature maintenance of catalyst can be given full play to the effect of catalyst in optimum temperature, and hydrogen burning efficient height.
(the 5th embodiment)
Fig. 5 illustrates the fifth embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 5, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, in burner 134, be provided for detecting the temperature sensor 136 of the temperature of catalyst.In addition, in air off gas path 205, be provided for regulating the electromagnetically operated valve 135 of air off gas flow.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, flow control valve (adjuster valve) the 133rd, mechanical adjustment valve or solenoid valve.As in above-mentioned first to the 3rd embodiment, regulate the hydrogen exhausted air quantity supply to burner 134 according to load or the amounts of hydrogen that supplies to fuel cell 121.At this moment, the pulsatile change that suppresses the hydrogen exhausted air quantity by flow control valve 133.Control part 300 is regulated from flow control valve 135 air supplied exhausted air quantities, so that the temperature of catalyst becomes appropriate value in the burner 134 based on the output of temperature sensor 136.That is, when the temperature of catalyst in the burner 134 is high, open flow control valve 135, supply excessive air off gas for the hydrogen exhausted air quantity, heat moves apart catalyst, thereby the temperature of catalyst reduces.When the temperature of catalyst was hanged down, the aperture that reduces flow control valve 135 also reduced the heat that moves apart catalyst with the flow that reduces air off gas.In addition, the quantity delivered of air off gas is set to the appropriate value with respect to the quantity delivered of hydrogen waste gas.
Thereby the temperature of catalyst is adjusted to the optimum value that is used to bring into play catalyst action.
(the 6th embodiment)
Fig. 6 A illustrates the sixth embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 6 A, the part identical with Figure 1A indicated with identical drawing reference numeral, and omits its explanation.
In the present embodiment, in burner 134, be provided for detecting the temperature sensor 136 of the temperature of catalyst.The flow control valve 133 that is used to suppress the pulsatile change of flow is made of electromagnetically operated valve.In addition, in air off gas path 205, be provided for regulating the electromagnetically operated valve 135 of air off gas flow.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, control part 300 is regulated flow control valve 133 and flow control valve 135 based on the output of temperature sensor 136, so that the temperature of catalyst becomes appropriate value in the burner 134, and the quantity delivered of setting hydrogen waste gas and air off gas.Control part 300 in advance with the relation between the quantity delivered of the temperature of catalyst in the burner 134 that will detect and the hydrogen waste gas that will regulate and air off gas as storage in its memory.
Fig. 6 B is schematically illustrated with respect to require load (quantity delivered of hydrogen) and the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of catalyst temperature setting and the example of air off gas amount.Control part 300 selects and sets the operating characteristic of flow control valve 133 according to the quantity delivered of hydrogen.When the temperature of catalyst in the burner 134 was higher than appropriate value, the aperture that reduces flow control valve 133 according to this operating characteristic was to reduce the quantity delivered of hydrogen waste gas.In addition, control part 300 selects and sets the operating characteristic of flow control valve 135 according to the quantity delivered of hydrogen.When the temperature of catalyst in the burner 134 is higher than appropriate value, open flow control valve 135 to increase the air off gas amount according to this operating characteristic.Simultaneously, when the temperature of catalyst is lower than this appropriate value, open flow control valve 133 to increase the quantity delivered of hydrogen waste gas according to selected operating characteristic.In addition, reduce the aperture of flow control valve 135 to reduce the air off gas amount according to selected operating characteristic.
Thereby, by according to the flow of the adjustment hydrogen waste gas of catalyst in the burner 134 and the flow of air off gas, can be with the temperature maintenance of catalyst in optimum temperature and to the processing of burning effectively of hydrogen waste gas.
(the 7th embodiment)
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D illustrates the seventh embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 7 A, the part identical with Figure 1A indicated with identical drawing reference numeral, and omits its explanation.
In the present embodiment, keep air-fuel ratio between catalysing area place hydrogen and the oxygen (air) in optimum value.Thereby, Electromagnetic Flow control valve 133 is provided between chamber 132 and burner 134 and is used to detect the flow of hydrogen waste gas and the hydrogen sensor (fluid state transducer) 139 of the hydrogen concentration of hydrogen waste gas.In addition, provide Electromagnetic Flow control valve 135 in the air off gas path 205 between fuel cell 121 and burner 134 and be used to detect the flow of oxygen waste gas and the lambda sensor of oxygen oxygen concentration of exhaust gases (fluid state transducer) 140.The output of the output of hydrogen sensor 139 and lambda sensor 140 is fed into control part 300.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, control part 300 is regulated to have and is suppressed at the flow control valve 133 of X portion place from the function of the pulsatile change (referring to Fig. 7 B) of the hydrogen exhaust gas flow driving/close valve 131 and intermittently discharge, thereby the hydrogen exhaust gas flow at Y portion place is controlled at substantially constant flow (mean value) shown in Fig. 7 C.At this moment, control part 300 is determined hydrogen amount in the hydrogen waste gas based on the output of hydrogen sensor 139.Then, control part 300 is regulated flow control valve 135, thereby regulates oxygen (air off gas) flow at Z portion place, so that obtain the optimal air-fuel ratio with respect to the hydrogen flow, shown in Fig. 7 D.Regulate oxygen flow by control flows control valve 135, equal predetermined air-fuel ratio so that the ratio between the output of lambda sensor 140 and the hydrogen flow becomes.
Thereby, when can the air-fuel ratio in catalyst being optimum value to the remaining hydrogen processing of burning.
(the 8th embodiment)
Fig. 8 illustrates the eighth embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 8, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, in the outside exhaust channel 206 that extends from burner 134, hydrogen sensor 141 is set.The remaining hydrogen concentration (hydrogen amount) that hydrogen sensor 141 detects in the gas that is discharged into atmosphere.Testing result is exported to control part 300.Flow control valve 133 is arranged in the hydrogen exhaust passageway 203 between chamber 132 and the burner 134.In addition, Electromagnetic Flow control valve 135 is arranged in the air off gas path 205 between fuel cell 121 and the burner 134.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, control part 300 control flows control valves 133 and 135 to be removing this remaining hydrogen when having remaining hydrogen the exhaust channel that extends from burner 134, and set the ratio between flow, hydrogen waste gas and the air off gas of hydrogen waste gas and air off gas, the temperature of catalyst etc.Thereby, can avoid hydrogen without purifying situation about just being discharged in the atmosphere.
(the 9th embodiment)
Fig. 9 illustrates the ninth embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 9, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, be conceived to a kind ofly can come control flows control valve (adjuster valve) 133 based on the running parameter that its estimation supplies to the amounts of hydrogen of fuel cell 121.Thereby Electromagnetic Flow control valve 133 is arranged between chamber 132 and the burner 134.Hydrogen sensor 139 is arranged on out/closes between valve 131 and the chamber 132.In addition, lambda sensor 140 is arranged in the air off gas path 205 between fuel cell 121 and the burner 134.Be provided for the operating state transducer 142 of fuel cell 121.Operating state transducer 142 detects the running parameter (hydrogen quantity delivered, actual power amount etc.) of fuel cell 121.Operating state transducer 142 can detect the energy output that requires of the running parameter of the battery 121 that acts as a fuel based on the output of accel sensor.The output of the output of the output of hydrogen sensor 139, lambda sensor 140 and operating state transducer 142 supplies to control part 300.Other parts are identical with first embodiment.
In this structure, control part 300 can be carried out following three kinds of control models.
(1) control part 300 based on the output valve control flows control valve 133 of hydrogen sensor 139 so that the flow of hydrogen waste gas becomes substantially constant.
(2) except that the valve described in front (1) control, control part 300 is based on the output of hydrogen sensor 139 and the output control flows control valve 133 of lambda sensor 140, so that the ratio between hydrogen and the oxygen becomes suitable air-fuel ratio in the burner 134.
(3) except that the control of the valve described in front (1), control part 300 detects amounts of hydrogen and the energy output that supplies to fuel cell 121 based on the running parameter that is obtained by the operating state of fuel cell 121 directly or indirectly, estimates thus periodically to be discharged into outside hydrogen exhausted air quantity and/or the hydrogen concentration the hydrogen waste gas from fuel cell 121.The flow of the hydrogen waste gas of supplying with from flow control valve 133 can be set based on estimated hydrogen exhausted air quantity of discharging from fuel cell 121 and/or the hydrogen concentration the hydrogen waste gas.
In the present embodiment, can detect or estimate to supply to the hydrogen amount of fuel cell 121 based on the running parameter that obtains at fuel cell 121 duration of works.In addition, can estimate from the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of fuel cell 121 discharges and/or the hydrogen concentration the hydrogen waste gas, and set from the flow of the hydrogen waste gas of flow control valve 133 supplies.
(the tenth embodiment)
Figure 10 illustrates the tenth embodiment of the present invention.In this embodiment, by being modified in the structure of the chamber 132 of adopting among above-mentioned each embodiment, suppress (smoothly) in advance through the flow of the hydrogen waste gas of flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133 or the fluctuation of pressure.When the pressure oscillation of the hydrogen waste gas that flow to flow control valve 133 hour, the structure of flow control valve 133 can be simple.In addition, can reduce the burden (ability) that flow control valve 133 suppresses pulsatile change.
Shown in Figure 10 A, a plurality of dividing plate 132a are set in chamber 132.The inside of chamber 132 is separated into a plurality of chambers that are interconnected.Thereby the length of hydrogen exhaust passageway increases, and hydrogen waste gas is diffused into each chamber, thereby the gas concentration of making and gas pressure are even.
The flow of the hydrogen waste gas of the schematically illustrated inflow of Figure 10 B chamber 132.The flow of the hydrogen waste gas of the schematically illustrated delivery chamber 132 of Figure 10 C.Make from the stream of pulses smoothing of the hydrogen waste gas of opening/close valve 131 discharges by chamber 132.Thereby expectation reduces to be arranged on the burden of flow control valve (adjuster valve) the 133 inhibition pulsatile change in 132 back segments of chamber.In addition, flow control valve can be made of choke valve.
(the 11 embodiment)
In each of first to the 9th embodiment, based on regulating flow control valve 133 from the control signal of control part 300, thus the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas that control is discharged via outside exhaust channel 206.Have continuously the advantage that (according to analog form) regulates flow and pressure although use traffic adjuster valve 133 is controlled, flow control valve 133 has labyrinth and costliness.In addition, the control signal of exporting from control part 300 comprises multilevel information and level signal (analog signal) need be provided, and this has increased the burden of calculating operation.
In the 11 embodiment, use a plurality ofly to have simpler construction and the above-mentioned functions that valve is realized flow control valve 133 is opened/closed to not too expensive electromagnetism.Described a plurality of opening/close valve parallel connection, and because the ON/OFF control of carrying out by control part (valve open/close control), the diameter of path (the perhaps resistance of path) changes equivalently.Thereby the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that flows into path is conditioned, thereby makes the hydrogen concentration from the hydrogen waste gas that flow control valve 133 is discharged reduce or homogenizing.
Figure 12 illustrates the 11st embodiment of the present invention.In Figure 12, indicate with identical drawing reference numeral with part identical among Fig. 1, and omit its explanation.
In the present embodiment, be provided with diluent air supply passageway 207, pressure-regulating valve 209, mixing portion (chamber) 231, valve 232,233,235 is driven/closed to electromagnetism, muffler (muffler) 234 and pressure sensor 240.As mentioned above, the hydrogen waste gas of discharging from fuel cell 121 turns back to the entrance side of fuel cell 121 via hydrogen waste gas circulation path, and is utilized again.Part hydrogen waste gas is discharged into fuel cell 121 outsides by vent valve 131.The hydrogen waste gas that is discharged guides to first inlet of mixing portion 231 via hydrogen exhaust passageway 203.In addition, the air off gas of discharging from fuel cell 121 guides to muffler 234 via pressure-regulating valve 209 and air off gas path 205.Regulate the air capacity that supplies to fuel cell 121 by compressor 112 and pressure-regulating valve 209.Dilution air from the export department of compressor 112 via opening/close second inlet that valve 235 and diluent air supply passageway 207 supply to mixing portion 231.The outlet of mixing portion 231 is connected to air off gas path 205 via exit passageway (exhaust channel) 211 and 212.Drive/close valve 232 and be arranged in the exit passageway 211, drive/close valve 233 and be arranged in the exit passageway 212.Open/close valve 232 and 233 effects of playing pressure-regulating valve (adjuster valve) as mentioned below.
Mixing portion 231 is chambers that capacity is enough to temporarily store gas.In mixing portion 231, hydrogen waste gas and the new air mixed of being supplied with are with dilute hydrogen waste gas and reduce hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas.By the gas pressure in the pressure sensor 240 detection mixing portions 231.Detected pressure is delivered to control part 300 as detection signal.Can form mixing portion 231 by a part that constitutes hydrogen exhaust passageway 203 with large diameter pipe.
The hydrogen waste gas (gas after the dilution) of dilution mixes with the air off gas in the air off gas path 205 via in exit passageway 211 and 212 at least one according to each state of opening/ closing valve 232 and 233 in mixing portion 231.Thereby hydrogen waste gas is further diluted.Exit passageway 211 is used as the 205a of interflow portion with 212 parts that are connected with air off gas path 205.Gas after the dilution is directed to muffler 234, and pressure oscillation reduces and noise reduces thus.Muffler 234 can replace with said burner 134.Utilize (platinum) catalyst in the burner 234 to the hydrogen processing of burning, can reduce the hydrogen amount that is discharged into the fuel cell system outside.Then, the remaining hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas becomes enough low, and the temperature of hydrogen waste gas reduces, and hydrogen waste gas is discharged into atmosphere.Identical among other parts and Fig. 1.
In above-mentioned structure, exit passageway 211 and 212 is connected to the air off gas path 205 that is connected with muffler 234.Yet exit passageway 211 and 212 also can be connected to muffler 234, and the 205a of interflow portion can be a muffler.In addition, by adopting the adjustable valve of its aperture (flow control valve or pressure-regulating valve), can more easily regulate the flow or the pressure of air in the diluent air supply passageway 207 as driving/close valve 235.
Next, with reference to Figure 13 A to 13C, an operation example among the 11 embodiment is described.Figure 13 A to 13C is that the state that trunnion axis indicates elapsed time and vertical axis indication to drive/close valve is the time sequential routine figure of open mode (ON state) and closed condition (OFF state).The state of valve 131 is opened/is closed in Figure 13 A indication.The state of valve 232 is opened/is closed in Figure 13 B indication.The state of valve 233 is opened/is closed in Figure 13 C indication.
As shown in FIG. 13A, when control part 300 open out/when closing valve 131, opening/closing the initial stage during valve 131 is opened the period, the pressure in the mixing portion 231 sharply increase.Thereby the hydrogen exhausted air quantity that flow to air off gas path 205 from mixing portion 231 increases.Therefore, control part 300 is only opened for what the gas after the dilution was discharged and is driven/close valve 232, and the amounts of hydrogen that flows into air off gas path 205 reduces (Figure 13 B).After control part 300 closed make and breaks/close valve 131, the pressure in the mixing portion 231 reduced.Valve 232 and 233 are opened out/closed to control part 300, will remain in gaseous emission after the dilution in the mixing portion 231 to air off gas path 205 (Figure 13 C).Control the flow of opening/close the gas after the dilutions of valve 232 and 233 supplies from each owing to change according to the pressure of opening/close the hydrogen waste gas in valve (hydrogen waste gas dump valve) 131 downstreams in this manner, the hydrogen concentration peak value that is discharged into outside vehicle reduces.
Next, with reference to Figure 14 A to 14C, illustrate to split/close valve 232 and open/close another example of the control operation of valve 233.In the present embodiment, use the pressure sensor 240 that provides as mixing portion 231.
When being equal to or higher than a threshold value from the detection signal of pressure sensor 240 shown in Figure 14 A, that is, when the gas pressures in the mixing portion 231 are equal to or higher than predetermined pressure, shown in Figure 14 B and Figure 14 C, drive/ close valve 232 and 233 for two and all open.When the detection signal from pressure sensor 240 is lower than this threshold value, that is, when the gas pressure in the mixing portion 231 is lower than predetermined pressure, shown in Figure 14 B and Figure 14 C, only drives/close valve 232 and open and drive/close valve 233 and close.Thereby the pulsatile change of the gas flow of discharging from mixing portion 231 reduces, and can obtain with the identical effect of above-mentioned effect.Like this, control each separately according to the pressure state of opening/ close valve 232 and 233 upstreams and open/ close valve 232 and 233.
In the present embodiment, for mixing portion 231 provide two be used to discharge gas drive/close valve.Yet, also can be mixing portion 231 provide three be used to discharge gas drive/close valve.Described a plurality of opening/close valve can control by control part 300.For example, when being higher than predetermined pressure by pressure sensor 240 detected pressure, can open out/close valve in turn and arrive predetermined pressure, and can increase the sectional area of the hydrogen waste gas drain passageway that extends from the outlet of mixing portion 231 so that discharge the hydrogen waste gas of predetermined pressure until detected pressure.
In addition, the sectional area of a plurality of hydrogen waste gas drain passageways that extend from the outlet of mixing portion 231 needn't be identical.For example, provide a plurality of and open/close valve and its fundamental section long-pending be 1 and its sectional area increase (promptly with 2 power, provide two sectional areas be 1 drive/close valve, sectional area be 2 open/close valve and sectional area be 4 drive/close valve) situation under, by controlling the opening of a plurality of opening/close valve (ON)/close (OFF), can corresponding to the number of driving/close valve basic smoothly regulate continuously the hydrogen waste gas of discharging from mixing portion 231 the sectional area of part of process.Thereby, can obtain and the essentially identical voltage regulation result of pressure-regulating valve.
In addition, when being arranged on air compressor 112 downstreams (outlet side) and mixing opening between the portion 231/close valve 235 when opening, air guides to mixing portion 231 from air compressor 112.Therefore, under the situation that hydrogen waste gas does not fully dilute, perhaps the catalyst in using muffler 234 makes under the situation of hydroxide, can remedy the deficiency of oxygen amount.Open out/close under the situation of valve 235 when valve 131,232,233 cuts out opening when all/close, compare with the situation of when driving/closing valve 232 and one of 233 open, opening out/close valve 235, can reduce out/close the influence of opening of valve 235 pulsatile change of the mixed gas flow of discharging from mixing portion 231.Yet, only the invention is not restricted to open/to close the situation of opening out/close valve 235 when valve 131,232,233 cuts out when all.
In addition, can be according to regulating out/close valve 232 and 233 and open/amount of closing by control part 300 as the open mode of driving/close valve 131 of hydrogen dump valve, and working pressure transducer 240 not.For example, driving/closing valve 131 opens and predetermined open the period and be closed under the situation that cycle that open and close valve 131 opens next time changes from driving/close valve 131, and open/close opening under the situation that the period changes of valve 131 in this constant period and per unit cycle, the ratio of opening the period of driving/close valve 131 according to time per unit is suitably opened and is opened/close valve 232 and 233, scalable flow thus as flow regulator.For example, when open/close valve 131 open the large percentage of period the time, open out/close valve 232 and 233 to a greater degree, can make the pressure substantially constant of hydrogen waste gas in the mixing portion 231 thus and need not to provide particular sensor.Thereby, can suppress to supply to the stream of pulses of the hydrogen waste gas of muffler (or burner) 234, regulate the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of being discharged simultaneously.This operation can be carried out like this, the open mode of splitting/closing valve 131 is controlled and is promptly controlled determining whether that the control part 300 that opens or closes out/close valve 131 detects the open mode of driving/close valve 131, and generates the signal that is used for the opening of the control flows adjustable valve 133/amount of closing.
(the 12 embodiment)
In each of first to the 9th embodiment and the 11 embodiment, gas pressure (malleation) is applied to the downstream from the upstream side of hydrogen exhaust passageway, thereby guiding hydrogen waste gas is to the chamber 132 or mixing portion 231, and hydrogen waste gas is diluted or stand burning and handle in addition, and hydrogen waste gas is discharged from then.In the present embodiment, in mixing portion (chamber) 231, form negative hydrostatic pressure, thereby hydrogen waste gas moves to the downstream from the upstream side of hydrogen exhaust passageway.Then, hydrogen waste gas is directed to mixing portion 231 and is stored in the mixing portion 231, and the gas pressures in the mixing portion 231 are maintained under the pressure identical with gas pressure in the air off gas path (for example, near normal pressure, i.e. atmospheric pressure).Then, air is introduced mixing portion 231, dilute hydrogen waste gas, and the hydrogen toxic emission after will diluting is to the air off gas path.Thereby, can suppress because the pulsatile change (that is, can make the density of hydrogen homogenizing that is discharged into outside vehicle) of the density of hydrogen that is discharged into outside vehicle that the stream of pulses of the hydrogen waste gas of discharging from hydrogen waste gas circulation path causes.
Figure 15 illustrates the 12 embodiment.In Figure 15, the part identical with Figure 12 indicated with identical drawing reference numeral, and omits its explanation.Except the negative pressure that comprises out/close valve 236 also is set between the portion 231 forms the path 208 with mixing at the air supply passageway 202 of air compressor 112 upstream sides (suction side), the 12 embodiment is identical with the 11 embodiment.In the present embodiment, air off gas path 205 can be regarded first path of the present invention as.Hydrogen exhaust passageway 203, mixing portion 231, exit passageway 211 and 212 can be regarded alternate path of the present invention as.Air compressor 112, diluent air supply passageway 207 and negative pressure form path 208 can regard pressure-regulating device of the present invention as.In addition, diluent air supply passageway 207, drive/close valve 235, negative pressure and form path 208 and drive/close valve 236 and can regard adjusting path of the present invention as.Regulate the part of path, and be included in this alternate path as the alternate path of the hydrogen waste gas after being used for dilute hydrogen waste gas and discharging dilution.
As mentioned above, pressure-regulating device for example comprises pump and drives/close valve.In addition, pressure-regulating device and first path are connected with in the alternate path at least one.Pressure-regulating device can be connected with alternate path with first path.Carrying out under the pressure controlled situation, pressure sensor suitably is arranged in one of first path, alternate path and interflow portion, and pressure-regulating device is regulated the pressure of interflow portion place's hydrogen waste gas and diluted the relation of using between the pressure of gas.Force value can be by detecting pressure in first path and the relation between the pressure in the alternate path or detecting by detecting pressure in first path and the relativeness between the pressure in the alternate path.It is to regulate the amount (concentration) of interflow portion place's hydrogen waste gas and the amount (concentration) that gas is used in dilution that pressure is regulated.By the amount of regulating mist the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas is adjusted in the target dilution range.The other parts of this structure are same as shown in Figure 12.
Next, with reference to Figure 16 A to Figure 16 E, the control operation among the 12 embodiment is described.In Figure 16 A to Figure 16 E, trunnion axis indication elapsed time, the state of valve is opened/is closed in the vertical axis indication.Figure 16 A illustrates out/closes the state of valve 236.Figure 16 B illustrates out/closes the state of valve 131.Figure 16 C illustrates out/closes the state of valve 232.Figure 16 D illustrates out/closes the state of valve 233.Figure 16 E illustrates out/closes the state of valve 235.When execution was discharged to the bleeding of fuel cell system outside with hydrogen waste gas, control part 300 was carried out following control.
(1) in the initial stage that the hydrogen toxic emission is arrived outside cycle period, valve 236 is opened out/closed to control part 300, and the pass make and break/close valve 235, drive/close valve 131, drive/close valve 232 and drive/close valve 233 (referring to Figure 16 A).In this state, gas can be introduced hydrogen exhaust passageway 203 in the mixing portion 231 and diluent air supply passageway 207 and exit passageway 211 and 212 gets clogged.Because supplied gas flows into and the gas passage of outflow mixing portion 231 gets clogged, and utilizes operation to form the gas that path 208 aspirates in the mixing portions 231 in order to the air compressor 112 of generating via negative pressure, the pressure in the mixing portion 231 continue to reduce.
(2) after control part 300 determines that the output signal of pressure sensors 240 reaches predetermined threshold, that is, after the gas pressure control part 300 detects mixing portion 231 in is reduced to predetermined pressure, control part 300 pass make and breaks/close valve 236.Thereby, in mixing portion 231, form negative hydrostatic pressure.
(3) when control part 300 only open out/when closing valve 131, hydrogen waste gas is from fuel cell 121 side inflow mixing portions 231 (referring to Figure 16 B).
(4) when the gas pressure in the output signal indication mixing portion 231 of pressure sensor 240 was basic normal pressure, control part 300 was opened out/is closed valve 235 and drives/close valve 232.Thereby air is introduced mixing portions 231 by compressor 112, and hydrogen waste gas and air mixed are to form the gas after the dilution.Gas after the dilution flows into the 205a of interflow portion (referring to Figure 16 C and Figure 16 E) of air off gas path 205 via air off gas path 205.
(5) from drive/close valve 235 and open/close valve 232 open pass through the scheduled time after, perhaps after having reduced by pressure sensor 240 detected gas pressures, valve 233 is further opened out/closed to control part 300, maintains steady state value with the flow of the mist in the 205a of interflow portion that will flow into air off gas path 205.
(6) opening through after the scheduled time control part 300 pass make and breaks/close valve 235, drive/close valve 232 and drive/close valve 233 from driving/close valve 232.
(7) during above-mentioned bleeding control part 300 repeated execution of steps (1) to (6).
Owing to carry out this control, the difference between scalable interflow portion 205a place air off gas pressure and the hydrogen exhaust gas pressure, and can reduce the pulsatile change of the hydrogen exhausted air quantity of being discharged.In addition, since during the different periods hydrogen waste gas introduced mixing portions 231 from hydrogen waste gas circulation path 204 and will dilute after hydrogen waste gas be discharged into air off gas path 205 from mixing portion 231, so can non-interference ground (under different condition) carry out and will introduce the operation in the mixing portion 231 and hydrogen waste gas is discharged into the operation of air off gas path 205 from mixing portion 231 from the hydrogen waste gas that fuel cell 121 is discharged, this is favourable.
In the above-described embodiments, compressor 112 is used to produce the negative pressure in the mixing portion 231.Yet, can provide air pump or vacuum pump to produce the negative pressure in the mixing portion 231.In addition, when diluent air was introduced into mixing portion 231, the output (for example, passing through rev up) by increasing compressor can reduce the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen waste gas with the air capacity of the mixing portion 231 that increases supply.In addition, each to drive/ close valve 235 and 236 can be the adjustable valve of its aperture.In addition, complementally work, form path 208 and diluent air supply passageway 207 by connecting negative pressure owing to drive/close valve 235 and drive/close valve 236, can open/ closing valve 235 and 236 with mix path of formation between the portion 231.In addition, by using the adjustable valve of its aperture as driving/close valve 235 and/or driving/close valve 236 and described valve is combined precision execution pressure adjusting that can be higher with compressor 112.
As mentioned above, in this embodiment of the present invention, the flow control valve (adjuster valve) 133 that is used to regulate the hydrogen exhaust gas flow is arranged in the hydrogen exhaust passageway (hydrogen exhaust channel) 203 of fuel cell 121.Flow control valve 133 suppresses the pulsatile change of the hydrogen exhaust gas flow of intermittently discharging from fuel cell so that this flow becomes substantially constant, and hydrogen waste gas is supplied to burner or muffler.According to the temperature of catalyst in the air-fuel ratio between the discharge rate of hydrogen waste gas, the amounts of hydrogen that supplies to fuel cell, the hydrogen of being discharged and the oxygen, the burner, remain in and be discharged into hydrogen concentration the gas of atmosphere etc. from burner and suitably regulate this constant basis.Thereby the work of catalyst becomes stable, and can use little amount of catalyst to carry out the burning of hydrogen is handled.In addition, can more preferably carry out burning and handle, and can handle the increase/minimizing of hydrogen waste gas hydrogen.In addition, the remaining hydrogen concentration that is discharged in the gas of outside vehicle can be maintained a low value.
The foregoing description can make up mutually according to multiple mode.For example, although in the 7th embodiment, regulate the hydrogen exhausted air quantity supply to burner 134 and air off gas amount so that air-fuel ratio becomes optimum value, but when the temperature of burner 134 inner catalysts in the 7th embodiment becomes when being higher than predetermined value, can reduce the quantity delivered of hydrogen waste gas and increase the quantity delivered of air off gas.
In addition, in the 9th embodiment, when the temperature of burner 134 inner catalysts becomes when being higher than predetermined value, can reduce the quantity delivered of hydrogen waste gas and increase the quantity delivered of air off gas.In addition, controllable flow control valve 133 and 135 becomes with the hydrogen concentration the gas of discharging from burner 134 and to remove the hydrogen in the gas of being discharged when being higher than predetermined value.
In addition, above-mentioned fuel cell system can be used for system or the device beyond the vehicle, and burner 134 can be a combustion furnace.
In first to the 9th embodiment, hydrogen waste gas and air off gas can be mixed in chamber 231 as shown in figure 12, then mist are supplied to burner 134, to replace that hydrogen waste gas and air off gas are directly supplied to burner 134.In this structure, owing to will supply to burner 134 by the gas that abundant mixing hydrogen waste gas and air off gas form, the hydrogen in this gas can be by the catalyst the efficient oxidation.
In the above-described embodiments, between flow control valve 133 and burner 134, be provided for mixing the chamber of hydrogen waste gas and air off gas.In addition, when the hydrogen concentration the hydrogen waste gas of discharging from fuel cell was low, burner 134 can be the burner shown in Figure 10 A.
In the above-described embodiments, hydrogen waste gas is intermittently discharged fuel cell.Yet the present invention also can be applicable to the situation that hydrogen waste gas is discharged fuel cell continuously., be expected in this case and can obtain same effect equally from the fuel cell variation of the amounts of hydrogen of discharge continuously by inhibition.
Claims (25)
1. fuel cell system, its lowers the hydrogen concentration from the hydrogen waste gas that fuel cell (121) is discharged, then with described hydrogen toxic emission in atmosphere, described fuel cell system comprises:
With the Flow-rate adjustment of described hydrogen waste gas adjuster valve to constant flow rate, this adjuster valve be arranged on for the described hydrogen waste gas of discharging from described fuel cell (121) by and described hydrogen waste gas is exported to the exhaust channel (203) of described fuel cell system outside; And
Temporary transient storage comprises the chamber of the gas of described hydrogen waste gas, and wherein, described adjuster valve is arranged on the downstream of the above chamber of described exhaust channel (203).
2. fuel cell system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described adjuster valve is based on the operating state control of described fuel cell system and opens/and the electromagnetically operated valve of the amount of closing.
3. fuel cell system according to claim 2 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Be used to detect the gaseous state checkout gear as the quantity of state of hydrogen waste gas described in the described exhaust channel (203) of the operating state of described fuel cell system, wherein, described adjuster valve is based on that the quantity of state that detected controls.
4. according to each described fuel cell system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that it also comprises:
Make the interflow portion at oxygen-bearing fluid and described hydrogen waste gas interflow, this interflow portion is arranged on the downstream of described adjuster valve.
5. fuel cell system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described interflow portion comprises that the hydrogen that is used for by described hydrogen waste gas and described fluid being collaborated reduce the hydrogen amount of described hydrogen waste gas reduces device.
6. fuel cell system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described hydrogen reduces device and comprises and be used to the reforming unit (134) that utilizes described fluid to make described hydrogen off-gas oxidizing.
7. fuel cell system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described gaseous state checkout gear comprises first checkout gear (139) of the quantity of state of the described hydrogen waste gas that is used for the detection described reforming unit of inflow (134), and described fuel cell system also comprises the adjuster valve (135) of regulating the quantity delivered of the described fluid that supplies to described reforming unit (134) based on the quantity of state of the described hydrogen waste gas that is detected.
8. fuel cell system according to claim 6 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Be used to detect second checkout gear (140) as the quantity of state of the described fluid of the described reforming unit of inflow (134) of the operating state of described fuel cell system, wherein, the quantity of state control that is based on the described fluid that is detected of described adjuster valve is opened/electromagnetically operated valve of the amount of closing.
9. fuel cell system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described reforming unit (134) comprises the catalyst that makes the hydroxide in the described hydrogen waste gas; Described fuel cell system also comprises the temperature-detecting device (136) that is used to detect as the temperature of the described catalyst of the operating state of described fuel cell system; And the opening of the described adjuster valve/amount of closing is based on, and the temperature that detected controls.
10. fuel cell system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the quantity delivered that supplies to the described hydrogen waste gas of described reforming unit (134) is to utilize described adjuster valve (133) to control based on the temperature of described detection.
11. fuel cell system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described fuel cell system also comprises the adjuster valve (135) of the quantity delivered of regulating the described fluid that supplies to described reforming unit (134), and the quantity delivered that supplies to the described fluid of described reforming unit (134) is to utilize this adjuster valve (135) to control based on the temperature of described detection.
12. fuel cell system according to claim 6 is characterized in that,
Described gaseous state checkout gear comprises at least one first checkout gear (139) in the hydrogen concentration of the flow of the described hydrogen waste gas that is used for detect flowing into described reforming unit (134) and described hydrogen waste gas;
Described fluid is the oxygen waste gas of discharging from described fuel cell (121);
Described fuel cell system also comprises at least one second checkout gear (140) that is used for detecting as in the oxygen concentration of the flow of the described oxygen waste gas of the described reforming unit of inflow (134) of the operating state of described fuel cell system and described oxygen waste gas; And
The opening of described adjuster valve (the 133)/amount of closing is to regulate according to the flow of at least one in the hydrogen concentration in the flow of the described hydrogen waste gas that is detected and the described hydrogen waste gas and the described oxygen waste gas that detected and at least one in the oxygen concentration in the described oxygen waste gas.
13. fuel cell system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Be used for detecting the 3rd checkout gear (141) as the hydrogen concentration of the exhaust of discharging from described reforming unit (134) of the operating state of described fuel cell system, wherein, the opening of the described adjuster valve/amount of closing is based on that the hydrogen concentration that detected controls.
14. fuel cell system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described hydrogen reduces the air mix facilities (231) that device comprises the hydrogen concentration that is used for lowering described hydrogen waste gas.
15. fuel cell system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Be used to detect the 4th checkout gear (142) as the operating state of the described fuel cell (121) of the operating state of described fuel cell system, wherein, the opening of the described adjuster valve/amount of closing is based on that the operating state of described fuel cell (121) controls.
16. fuel cell system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described gaseous state checkout gear is arranged on the upstream of described adjuster valve, and described adjuster valve is based on, and the quantity of state of described detection controls.
17. fuel cell system according to claim 16, it is characterized in that, described gaseous state checkout gear detects the pressure as the described hydrogen waste gas of the quantity of state of described hydrogen waste gas, and the opening of described adjuster valve/amount of closing is to regulate according to the pressure that is detected.
18. according to claim 3 or 16 described fuel cell systems, it is characterized in that described gaseous state checkout gear obtains the quantity of state of described hydrogen waste gas based on the opening of the hydrogen vent valve that described hydrogen waste gas is discharged into described exhaust channel (203) from described fuel cell (the 121)/state of closing.
19., it is characterized in that the flow that exports to the described hydrogen waste gas of described exhaust channel (203) is to regulate by the aperture area of regulating described adjuster valve according to claim 1 or 16 described fuel cell systems.
20. fuel cell system according to claim 19 is characterized in that, described exhaust channel (203) comprises at least two exhaust channels (211,212) that export to described fuel cell system outside for described hydrogen waste gas; And described adjuster valve comprises and drives/close valve (232,233) in each that is arranged in described at least two exhaust channels (211,212).
21. fuel cell system according to claim 20 is characterized in that, opening/closing of each described opening/close valve (232,233) is that quantity of state according to described detection is controlled.
22. fuel cell system according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described gaseous state checkout gear detects the pressure in the described chamber; And the opening of described adjuster valve/amount of closing is to regulate according to the pressure that is detected.
23. fuel cell system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described adjuster valve is a mechanical valve.
24. fuel cell system according to claim 9 is characterized in that,
Described gaseous state checkout gear comprises at least one first checkout gear (139) in the hydrogen concentration of the flow of the described hydrogen waste gas that is used for detect flowing into described reforming unit (134) and described hydrogen waste gas;
Described fluid is the oxygen waste gas of discharging from described fuel cell (121);
Described fuel cell system also comprises at least one second checkout gear (140) that is used for detecting as in the oxygen concentration of the flow of the described oxygen waste gas of the described reforming unit of inflow (134) of the operating state of described fuel cell system and described oxygen waste gas; And
The opening of described adjuster valve (the 133)/amount of closing is to regulate according to the flow of at least one in the hydrogen concentration in the flow of the described hydrogen waste gas that is detected and the described hydrogen waste gas and the described oxygen waste gas that detected and at least one in the oxygen concentration in the described oxygen waste gas.
25. fuel cell system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Be used to detect the 4th checkout gear (142) as the operating state of the described fuel cell (121) of the operating state of described fuel cell system, wherein, the opening of the described adjuster valve/amount of closing is based on that the operating state of described fuel cell (121) controls.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP317287/2003 | 2003-09-09 | ||
| JP2003317287 | 2003-09-09 | ||
| JP107828/2004 | 2004-03-31 |
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| CN1849723A CN1849723A (en) | 2006-10-18 |
| CN100495789C true CN100495789C (en) | 2009-06-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004800259453A Expired - Fee Related CN100495789C (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2004-08-18 | Fuel cell system |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5125141B2 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2013-01-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| KR101335879B1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2013-12-02 | 도요타 지도샤（주） | Fuel cell system, control method for the fuel cell system, and state detection method for fuel cell |
| DE102010011559A1 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2011-09-22 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system and method for operating a fuel cell system |
| WO2015005034A1 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system, and control method for fuel cell system |
| WO2019026156A1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-07 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system and control system for same |
| CN107870564B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2020-11-17 | 东南大学 | Anti-interference control method for fuel cell with decoupling performance |
| CN109524688B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-11-02 | 常州易控汽车电子股份有限公司 | Hydrogen injection valve driving control system and method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack |
| CN113258116B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell stack and fuel cell system |
| CN113578089A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-11-02 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell automobile exhaust mixing system and control method thereof |
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