CN100511423C - Data communication through acoustic channels and compression - Google Patents

Data communication through acoustic channels and compression Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN100511423C
CN100511423C CNB038253801A CN03825380A CN100511423C CN 100511423 C CN100511423 C CN 100511423C CN B038253801 A CNB038253801 A CN B038253801A CN 03825380 A CN03825380 A CN 03825380A CN 100511423 C CN100511423 C CN 100511423C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
types
audio parameter
relations
parameter
bit pattern
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CNB038253801A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1701352A (en
Inventor
威廉·罗伯特·加德纳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qualcomm Inc
Original Assignee
Qualcomm Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
Publication of CN1701352A publication Critical patent/CN1701352A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100511423C publication Critical patent/CN100511423C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Abstract

Apparatus and method are disclosed for data communication using sound. Generally, an apparatus for transmitting digital data comprises a data coder configured to convert the digital data into one or more types of sound parameters, and a sound synthesizer coupled to the data coder and configured to generate sound based on the one or more types of sound parameter. An apparatus for receiving digital data comprises a sound analyzer configured to receive sound and to extract one or more types of sound parameters from the received sound, and a data decoder coupled to the sound analyzer and configured to convert the extracted one or more types of sound parameters into the digital data.

Description

Data communication and compression via acoustic channel
The cross reference of related application
That the application has required to submit on September 25th, 2002, exercise question is the common pending trial U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/413 of " DataCommunication Through Acoustic Channe1s And Compression ", 981 right of priority.All quote in this disclosure, for your guidance above-mentioned provisional application.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to data communication, and relate in particular to data communication via acoustic channel.
Technical background
Development in the communication technology make share and/or the information of passing on easier and faster.Can transmit large-capacity data via data transmission system, described data transmission system such as LAN (Local Area Network) or wide area network (for example the Internet), cellular network and/or satellite communication system.These system requirements complicated hardware and/or softwares, and generally be designed to be used for High Data Rate and/or long transmission ranges.
For passing in in-plant data, such as between personal computer and personal digital assistant (PDA), the communication media that said system may facilitate to the user.Therefore, use the various communication systems that send data such as radio frequency (RF) or infrared (IR) to be developed.Yet these systems also require special communication hardware, and it usually may be expensive and/or be difficult to actual realization.In addition, can use simple cable to connect to come transfer of data.Yet, connecting in order to use cable, the user must have cable physically and connect to communicate.This may be trouble and inconvenience concerning the user.
In addition, along with the increase of ecommerce, the chance of fraudulent activities also increases.The stolen identity of grasp in maleficent staff may cause damaging not guilty litigant.In the worst case, the wrongdoer may steal litigant's identity so that utilize its people's credit rating (creditworthiness) and accounts of finance.As a result, intercept security information, developed various safety practices and encipherment scheme, so that be hidden in the security information that sends between the litigant in order to prevent unwarranted people.Yet hiding security information just is implemented in an aspect of the required safety practice of the middle-and-high-ranking other consumer credit of electronic commerce transactions.
Another aspect is authentication.Can carry out individual's digital certificate by following authentication at present, by the authentication of carrying out such as the data of password or PIN(Personal Identification Number); The authentication of being undertaken by portable object such as credit card or similar card; And/or authentication by carrying out such as the personal characteristics (biometry) of fingerprint, DNA or signature.Yet, because there is dependence in current electronic security(ELSEC) is measured, so concerning the individual, carry a plurality of authentication objects or be forced to remember that a plurality of passwords are very common.Thereby the authentication of being undertaken by data may be a problem for the individual who is forced to remember a plurality of passwords and/or PIN.Writing this information makes the individual be subject to password or the stolen attack of PIN code.
Therefore, need a kind of simple and method that user interface is friendly to come closely transmitting and/or authentication information.In addition, the final destination of data may be not always closely.For example, the individual may wish to come transmission information by phone or mobile phone, and this usually relates to compress speech and decompression, and compress speech and decompression may make the distortion significantly of described information.Therefore, also need a kind of being used for closely and by the communication network that relates to speech compression/decompression transmitting and/or the method for authentication information.
Summary of the invention
Equipment and the method for embodiment disclosed herein by being provided for using sound to carry out data communication solves above-mentioned needs.In one aspect, a kind of equipment that is used to send numerical data comprises: be used for the digital data conversion that will send for the device of the audio parameter of one or more types be used for coming sonorific device according to the audio parameter of described one or more types.A kind of equipment that is used for receiving digital data comprises: the device that is used for extracting from the sound that is received the audio parameter of one or more types; With the device that is used for the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.A kind of in these two kinds of equipment or all can also comprise the device of the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for bank bit pattern and one or more types; The wherein said device that is used to change is changed according to described one or more set of relations.The described device that is used to store can the one or more set of relations of storing predetermined justice look-up table.
On the other hand, a kind of method that is used to send numerical data comprises: the audio parameter of the digital data conversion that will send for one or more types, and produce sound according to the audio parameter of described one or more types.A kind of method that is used for receiving digital data comprises: extract the audio parameter of one or more types from the sound that received, and the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.A kind of in these two kinds of methods or all can also comprise: the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and one or more types, and wherein said conversion comprises according to described one or more set of relations and changing.Described storage can comprise the look-up table of the one or more set of relations of storing predetermined justice.
Aspect another, a kind of equipment that is used to send numerical data comprises data encoder and sound synthesizer, described data encoder is configured to the audio parameter of described digital data conversion for one or more types, and described sound synthesizer and described data encoder are coupled and are configured to produce sound according to the audio parameter of described one or more types.A kind of equipment that is used for receiving digital data comprises voice analyzer and data decoder, described voice analyzer is configured to receive sound and extracts the audio parameter of one or more types from the sound that is received, and described data decoder and described voice analyzer are coupled and are configured to the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.A kind of in these two kinds of equipment or all can also comprise storage medium, it is configured to the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and one or more types; And wherein said data encoder/demoder is configured to change according to described one or more set of relations.
Again on the one hand, a kind of machine readable media that is used to send numerical data comprises and being used for the digital data conversion that will send for the code of the audio parameter of one or more types be used for coming sonorific code according to the audio parameter of described one or more types.A kind of machine readable media that is used for receiving digital data comprise be used for from the sound that received extract one or more types audio parameter code and be used for the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to the code of described numerical data.
In aspect another, a kind of equipment that is used to send with receiving digital data comprises that being used for the digital data conversion that will send is the device of the audio parameter of one or more types, be used for coming sonorific device according to the audio parameter of described one or more types, be used for from the sound that receives extract one or more types audio parameter device and be used for the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to the device of described numerical data.
Description of drawings
Describe each embodiment in detail with reference to following accompanying drawing, wherein same Reference numeral refers to same element, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the device that is used to use sound to send data;
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the device that is used to use sound to receive data;
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the process that is used to use sound to send data;
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the process that is used to use sound to receive data;
Fig. 5 A shows the example that uses sound to carry out data communication to 5C;
Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the system that is used to use sound to send data by cordless communication network;
Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of the process that is used to use sound to send data by cordless communication network;
Fig. 8 shows and uses sound to send data by PSTN; With
Fig. 9 shows and uses sound to send data by IP network.
Embodiment
Following embodiment allows to use sound to send and receiving digital data.Usually, digital data conversion or be mapped as at least one audio parameter that is used for synthetic video.Use then and should produce artificial sound by (a plurality of) audio parameter.Therefore, the artificial sound coded digital sound that is produced, and send numerical data by sending this sound.When restore data, from the sound that is received, extract relevant (a plurality of) audio parameter, and this (a plurality of) audio parameter is changed back numerical data.In order between data and this (a plurality of) parameter, to change, defined set of relations, feasible preassigned pattern with specific (a plurality of) parametric representation binary digit of the characteristic that chooses.
As disclosed herein, term " sound " refers to sound wave or the pressure wave or the vibration of passing gas, liquid or solid.That sound comprises is ultrasonic, audible sound and infrasonic sound.Term " audible sound " refers to the sound frequency that is positioned at sound spectrum, and it is approximately 20Hz to 20kHz.Term " ultrasonic " refers to the sound frequency that is positioned on the described sound spectrum, and term " infrasonic sound " refers to the sound frequency that is positioned at below the described sound spectrum.Term " storage medium " expression is used to store one or more devices of data, comprises ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), random-access memory (ram), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage media, flash memory devices and/or other machine readable media.Term " machine readable media " is including, but not limited to portable or fixed-storage device, light storage device and can storage instruction and/or various other devices of data.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the dispensing device 100 that can use sound to send numerical data, and Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the receiving trap 200 that can receive the data that sent by dispensing device 100.Dispensing device 100 comprises data encoder 120, is used for the digital data conversion that will send is at least one audio parameter.Sound synthesizer 130 produces sound according to described (a plurality of) audio parameter from data encoder 120 then.Receiving trap 200 comprises voice analyzer 210 and data decoder 230, wherein voice analyzer 210 is used for extracting relevant (a plurality of) audio parameter from the sound that is received, and it is numerical data that data decoder 230 is used for (a plurality of) Parameters Transformation of being extracted by voice analyzer 210.
Fig. 3 shows and is used to the process of transmitting 300 that uses sound to send numerical data, and Fig. 4 shows and is used to the receiving course 400 that uses sound to come receiving digital data.In order to send, be digital data conversion that will send or mapping (310) at least one parameter of in synthetic video, using.Produce sound (320) and launch this sound thus according to described (a plurality of) audio parameter then.Here, data encoder 120 can be changed the numerical data that will send, and sound synthesizer 120 can produce described sound.When receiving sound, described (a plurality of) audio parameter is extracted out (square frame 410), and is converted back to numerical data (square frame 420).Here, voice analyzer 210 can extract relevant (a plurality of) parameter, and data decoder 230 can be described (a plurality of) Parameters Transformation a numerical data.
More particularly, defined between bit pattern and at least one parameter set of relations with digital data conversion at least one audio parameter, below be called data symbol.According to described set of relations, data encoder 120 and data decoder 230 are converted to data (a plurality of) parameter respectively and are data from (a plurality of) Parameters Transformation.Here, as long as data encoder 120 uses identical set of relations with data decoder 230, can be any suitable relation of conversion definition.Equally, data encoder 120 and data decoder 230 can also comprise or may be implemented as the processor (not shown), and this processor uses described set of relations to change between numerical data and (a plurality of) parameter.
In addition, dispensing device 100 and receiving trap 200 can also comprise the storage medium (not shown) that is used to store described set of relations.It is evident that concerning those those skilled in that art the position of described storage medium does not influence the operation of dispensing device 100 and receiving trap 200.Therefore, in dispensing device 100, the part that described storage medium can be used as data encoder 120 realizes, perhaps can be any suitable storage medium that is positioned at data encoder 120 outsides.Similarly, in receiving trap 200, the part that described storage medium can be used as data decoder 230 realizes, perhaps can be any suitable storage medium that is positioned at data decoder 230 outsides.
In one embodiment, can utilize the look-up table (LUT) in the storage medium of the relation between predefine parameter and the bit pattern to realize dispensing device 100 and receiving trap 200 one or both of.Can use described LUT to come the digital data conversion that is received by data encoder 120 then be at least one parameter.Similarly, can use described LUT to come (a plurality of) Parameters Transformation of being extracted by voice decoder 210 is numerical data by data decoder 230.
Below table 1 be the example that is used for the LUT that between numerical data and parameter, changes, wherein A, B, C and/or D can be a pitch value or one group of pitch value.
Tone Bit pattern
A 00
B 01
C 10
D 11
As shown in the figure, described LUT has defined the relation between bit pattern and the pitch value, and it usually is the parameter that is used for synthetic video.Therefore, for example in order to send numerical data " 010001 ", then described bit pattern is converted to pitch value " BAB " according to described LUT.Use the pitch value " BAB " of expression numerical data to produce sound then in three successive frames, described tone is constant in entire frame.For receiving digital data, can from the sound that is received, extract pitch value " BAB ", and it is converted to bit pattern " 010001 " according to described LUT.
It should be noted,, in described LUT, used a parameter in order to explain.Yet, the parameter of the arbitrary quantity that also can using system in the relation between defined parameters and bit pattern allows.In addition, can be to have each parameter-definition greater or less than four different values corresponding with different bit patterns, wherein each value can be represented a value or set of values.For example, the pitch value in table 1 " A " can be represented a grade of tone, maybe can be illustrated in the interior tonal gradation of certain scope of pitch value.And, can use the parameter type that is different from tone based on the sound synthesizer of in system, realizing.Based on described sound synthesizer, employed one or more parameters can be used for synthetic audible sound and ultrasonic or infrasonic sound.
Can in various application, use above-mentioned dispensing device and/or receiving trap.As shown in Fig. 5 A, the sound that can use the expression data passes on information, share and/or exchanges to another device from a device.Described information can be including, but not limited to personal information; Contact details such as name, telephone number, address; Business information; Calendar information; P.m.entry; Software or its combination.In addition, some devices can only utilize dispensing device to be embodied as, and some only utilize receiving trap to realize, and some utilize dispensing device and the two realization of receiving trap.For example, in an embodiment of the device of realizing dispensing device 100 and receiving trap 200, can data splitting encoder/decoder 120,230, and/or, if realize, can also make up described LUT.Therefore, allowed by realizing and depended on that communication type, described communication can be unidirectional or two-way.
In Another Application, dispensing device can be a security token, and receiving trap can be an authenticate device, shown in Fig. 5 B.Can use the sound of expression data to carry out wireless authentication, wherein the data that sent can comprise that ciphering signature is to authenticate the individual.Cryptography is well known in this area and normally encrypts the process of security information, deciphers institute's information encrypted so that need " key ".Thereby can use authenticate device to verify that individual's identity is to allow the affairs between individual and each external device (ED).Therefore, can send to authenticate device to data from security token comes the individual is verified.It should be noted, in some Verification Systems, have the two-way communication between security token and the authenticate device.In this case, utilize dispensing device and receiving trap realize security token and authenticate device the two.When realize dispensing device 100 and receiving trap 200 these two the time, can data splitting encoder/decoder 120,230, and/or can also make up LUT (if realization).
Therefore, though can directly send and receive the sound of expression data, shown in Fig. 5 C, also can send and receive the sound of expression data via communication network.Here, described communication network can be to send one of many networks of sound.
In an application, can come the sound of expression data is sent to another device from a device via speech coder or vocoder.Can send voice simply by data transfer rate sampling and digitizing with a setting.Yet compress speech makes and significantly reduces on data transfer rate.Generally the device that uses following technology is called vocoder, described technology is used for coming compressed voice by extracting the parameter relevant with human speech generation model.This device generally includes scrambler or voice operation demonstrator, and the voice that are used to analyze input extract relevant parameter, and demoder or voice operation demonstrator, is used to use the parameter that receives via transmission channel to come synthetic speech again.Voice are divided into time block or analysis frame, calculating parameter during this period.Then to each new frame update parameter.
Fig. 6 shows system 600, wherein can come the sound of expression data is sent to device 620 from installing 610 via vocoder.Described system can comprise: cordless communication network, described cordless communication network comprise a plurality of movement stations (MS) 630 and 690, are also referred to as subscriber unit or distant station or subscriber equipment; Base station (BS) 640; And mobile switching centre (MSC) or switch 650.Depend on described configuration, system 600 can also comprise packet data serving node (PDSN) or network interworking function (IWF) 670 and Internet Protocol (IP) network 680, and/or public switched telephone network (PSTN) 660.For it will be understood by those skilled in the art that dispensing device, receiving trap, MS, BS, MSC and the PDSN that can have arbitrary number.Similarly, the various configurations of MS 630, BS 640, MSC 650, PSTN 660, PDSN 670 and IP network 680 and being operating as are known in this area and will do not discussed.
In system 600, can come implement device 610 with for example dispensing device 100, and can come implement device 620 with for example receiving trap 200.In addition, can in movement station 630,690 and base station 640, realize comprising the two vocoder of encoder.With reference to figure 7 will descriptive system 600 operation.
Fig. 7 show be used to use sound data from installing 610 example process that send to device 620.In Fig. 7, be the data-switching that will send (710) at least one speech parameter.Use at least one speech parameter, produce (720) artificial speech then and MS 630 is arrived in its emission (725).Here, can for example change or mapping (enum) data according to the set of relations of definition, and can produce artificial speech by for example sound synthesizer 130 by data encoder 120.In addition, adopt with the same method of the vocoder of in MS 630,690 and BS 640, realizing and synthesize artificial speech.
The artificial speech that the encoder section coding (730) of the vocoder in MS 630 is imported.That is, analyze the artificial speech imported to extract relevant one or more speech parameters.Send (735) described (a plurality of) speech parameter to base station 640.The decoder section of the vocoder in base station 640 uses the speech parameter that is received to decode or synthetic again (740) voice.According to the control of MSC 650, synthetic again voice are sent to appropriate purpose ground or install 620.
Depend on the configuration of device 620, can transmit or directly send (742) auto levelizer 620 to described synthetic speech again from BS 640.As selection, can transmit (744) auto levelizer 690 to synthetic again voice from BS 640 via MS 690.Here, send speech parameter by BS640, synthetic again or decoding (750) be voice with speech parameter by MS 690, and transmission (755) auto levelizer 620.Still as selecting, can also use IP network 680 synthetic again voice to be transmitted (746 and 748) auto levelizer 620 from BS 640 via (760) PSTN 660 or via (770) PSDN 670.
When device 620 when one of MS 690, PSTN 660 or IP network 680 receive synthetic again voice, extract (780) relevant speech parameter and data returned in its conversion (790).Here, can for example extract relevant speech parameter, and can for example use defined set of relations to change described parameter by data decoder 230 by voice analyzer 210.In addition, can adopt with the same method of the vocoder of in MS 630,690 and BS 640, realizing and extract relevant speech parameter.
In another embodiment, can use phone the artificial speech of expression numerical data directly to be sent to device B from device A, as shown in Figure 8 via PSTN 660.Similarly, for example can use computing machine as shown in Figure 9 the artificial speech of expression numerical datas directly to be sent to device B from device A via IP network 670.Here, described computing machine can be any device that can be connected to IP network 670 and can handle sound.
Therefore, can send numerical data and receive as speech parameter.The type of described speech parameter depends on the speech model that is used for coming again synthetic speech in speech coding algorithm.Vocoder usually comes the tone and the entire spectrum shape of encoded voice with rational fidelity.Therefore, in one embodiment, can use tone and/or spectrum information to send data.In addition, can also use the whole amplitude of described waveform.
More particularly, an example of speech coding algorithm is Code Excited Linear Prediction (CodeExicted Linear Prediction) or CELP speech model, and the U.S. Patent No. 5 that is transferring assignee of the present invention, 414,796, describe in the patent of " Variable Rate Vocoder " by name.The distortion of CELP or CELP usually is used for vocoder.
Usually, the CELP Voice decoder produces " pumping signal " by each frame for voice and produces synthetic again voice.This signal is the length of described frame and approaches white on the spectrum usually.Scrambler is specified for each frame according to " code book " of possible pumping signal and is selected which pumping signal.Different CELP algorithms has the structure of different excitation code books.These structures generally are selected to search the process of all possible pumping signal, so that find one to calculate the upward simple good pumping signal that the reconstruct voice of high-quality still are provided simultaneously as far as possible.Come the scaled excitation signal by gain coefficient, the volume height correlation of the raw tone of described gain coefficient and this frame.Transmit the pumping signal of described convergent-divergent via " pitch filter ", described pitch filter is introduced long term redundancy in voice signal." gain " of this wave filter can also dynamically change to adapt to the tone of variation.The output of transmitting pitch filter via linear predictive coding (LPC) wave filter then, described linear predictive coding wave filter is introduced short term redundancies in voice signal.Therefore, the CELP cataloged procedure generally attempts to select excitation vector, excitation gain, pitch filter and LPC filter parameter, so that raw tone is closely mated in the output of the LPC wave filter of demoder.
If the realization of the vocoder in system 600 is based on the CELP speech model, can define the relation between bit pattern and the pitch filter so.Can also define the relation between bit pattern and the LPC filter parameter.Therefore, depend on defined relation, can all or part data that will send be converted to pitch filter, LPC filter parameter or they both.
In order to explain, the two all is used to define described relation to suppose pitch filter and LPC filter parameter.In this case, for example can select pitch frequency in approximate 20 to 100 sample range, the sampling rate of this sample range is approximately 8KHz, is spaced apart about two samplings.For pitch frequency, this causes about 32 kinds of possibilities, allows thus to carry 5 bit informations by pitch parameters.
In addition, suppose that the CELP vocoder realizes the LPC wave filter with 8 limits, the position or four (4) that for example can specify four (4) resonance frequencies to the complex conjugate limit to be used for that numerical data is mapped to the LPC parameter.Usually, on about narrow-band of 300 to 3400Hz, send voice.If described resonance frequency is spaced apart about 250Hz, there are 11 (11) positions can place limit so approximately.If select 4 antipodal points, provided the number of 4 pole location combinations in 11 positions so by following relationship.
11 ! 7 ! × 4 ! = 330
This permission is carried 8 bit informations by the LPC parameter.According to method similar to the above, can be encoded to gain coefficient to some positions.Yet if picture uses the pole location and the pitch frequency of LPC wave filter in above-mentioned example, the length of the code word that obtains so will be that every vocoder frame is the 8+5=13 bit.
The vocoder frame of commercial system is generally about 10 to 20msec length.In this case, can be digital coding speech parameter, to cover the scope of vocoder frame sign with the long frame (being known as " Frame " below the described frame) of about 20msec.Yet, device 610,620 can be not with MS 630,690 in vocoder become frame synchronization.Therefore, can select bigger frame sign so that the speech frame of overlapping vocoder at least in part.For example, can realize the Frame of 40msec for device 610,620.If so, so will be by the continuous sampling of 20msec at least of encoding of at least one vocoder frame.At receiver end, will be identified in the window that the overlapping 20msec of maximum is provided between vocoder frame and the Frame.
It should be noted, when digital data transmission begins, will send synchronization preamble and send numerical data to show.When being received by receiver, synchronization preamble makes receiver detect the beginning of described digital data transmission.Therefore, in case detect targeting signal, so just can detect the maximum position overlapped between data and sound encoder frames.Can in frame in the future, use this information to come the best window of estimating sampling to be used to the described Frame of decoding.
In addition, can so that being provided, protection prevent the mistake that in test tone and/or LPC resonance frequency, occurs as redundancy to some of in Frame, carrying.If tone and LPC resonance frequency are used for coding, so described pitch/resonance frequency values provides two dimensional symbol space, is called " data symbol " here.At first use the error correcting code such as convolutional code to come user data is encoded.Coded bit sequence then interweaves.Bit sequence coded and that interweave is divided into the group of n bit, and the group of each n bit is mapped to data symbol.In the above example, the group of 13 (5 from pitch value and 8 from the LPC resonance frequency) is mapped to data symbol.
More particularly, can use many diverse ways to come data symbol is changed and/or be mapped in coded position.For example, can use trellis code (Trellis code).As selection, can use Gray (Gray) mapping to come coded position is mapped to data symbol.Described trellis code in " Trellis-codedmodulation with redundant signal set-part I:Introduction " in the 25th the 2nd phase of volume of February in 1987 " ieee communication magazine " and in " Trellis-codedmodulation with redundant signal set-part II:State of the art " in the 25th the 2nd phase of volume of February in 1987 " ieee communication magazine ", these two pieces of articles are shown by G.Ungerboeck.In " digital communication " that J.Proakis showed that nineteen ninety-five McGraw Hill publishes, gray mappings has been described.
The data volume that each speech frame can send depends on various factors, such as frame sign and/or the expression speech parameter the position number.For example, if P bit representation pitch filter, can define the P position so or less than the bit pattern of P position with corresponding to pitch filter.
In the superincumbent description, provided detail to provide to comprehensive understanding of the present invention.Yet those skilled in the art are to be understood that can not relying on these details implements the present invention.In addition, can be described as the various aspects of data transmission system, feature and embodiment can be with the process of process flow diagram, flow chart, structural drawing or block scheme statement.Although process flow diagram may describe the operations as the process of order, also can walk abreast or carry out many operations concomitantly.In addition, can rearrange the order of described operation.When the operation of complete process, stop this process.Process can be corresponding to method, function, step, software, subroutine, subroutine etc.When process during corresponding to function, its termination turns back to call function or principal function corresponding to described function.
In addition, can realize embodiment by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, micro-order or its any combination.When adopting software, firmware, middleware or micro-order to realize, can be stored in storage medium to program code that is used for carrying out necessary task or code segment.Processor can be carried out necessary task.Code segment can be represented step, function, subroutine, program, routine, subroutine, module, software package, class, or any combination of instruction, data structure or program statement.Can come code segment and another code segment or hardware circuit coupling by transmitting and/or reception information, data, argument, parameter or memory contents.Can be via comprising that any suitable method such as memory sharing, message transmission, token passing, Network Transmission transmits, transmits or transmission information, argument, parameter, data etc.
Therefore, the foregoing description only is an example, and can not be understood that to limit the present invention.Can easily be applied to this instruction the equipment of other type.It is illustrative that description of the invention is intended to, and and the scope of unrestricted described claim.Concerning those skilled in that art, many replacements, modifications and variations will be conspicuous.

Claims (31)

1, a kind of equipment that is used for sending numerical data by acoustic channel, this equipment comprises:
Data encoder is configured to the audio parameter of described digital data conversion for one or more types; And
Sound synthesizer with the coupling of described data encoder and be configured to convert the audio parameter of described one or more types to sound wave, thereby transmits described numerical data with voice mode.
2, equipment as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
Storage medium is configured to the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
Wherein, to be configured to come described digital data conversion according to the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bit pattern and described one or more types be the audio parameter of described one or more types to described data encoder.
3, equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein said storage medium comprise the look-up table of the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for the described bit pattern of predefine and described one or more types.
4, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein audio parameter is represented a value or set of values.
5, equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein said one or more audio parameters comprise speech parameter.
6, a kind of equipment that is used for by the acoustic channel receiving digital data comprises:
Voice analyzer is configured to receive sound wave and extracts the audio parameter of one or more types from the sound wave that is received; And
Data decoder is with the coupling of described voice analyzer and be configured to the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.
7, equipment as claimed in claim 6 also comprises:
Storage medium is configured to the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
Wherein said data decoder is configured to according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bit pattern and described one or more types the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.
8, equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein said storage medium comprise the look-up table of the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for the described bit pattern of predefine and described one or more types.
9, equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein audio parameter is represented a value or set of values.
10, equipment as claimed in claim 6, the one or more audio parameters that wherein extracted comprise speech parameter.
11, a kind of method that is used for sending by acoustic channel numerical data comprises:
The audio parameter of the digital data conversion that will send for one or more types; And
The audio parameter of described one or more types is converted to sound wave, so that transmit described numerical data with voice mode.
12, method as claimed in claim 11 also comprises:
One or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
Wherein, the conversion described numerical data that will send comprises that coming described digital data conversion according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bank bit pattern and described one or more types is the audio parameter of described one or more types.
13, method as claimed in claim 12 is wherein stored described one or more set of relations and is comprised the look-up table of storing the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for the described bank bit pattern of predefine and described one or more types.
14, method as claimed in claim 11, wherein audio parameter is represented a value or set of values.
15, method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said one or more audio parameters comprise speech parameter.
16, a kind of method that is used for by the acoustic channel receiving digital data, this method comprises:
From the sound wave that is received, extract the audio parameter of one or more types; And
The audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.
17, method as claimed in claim 16 also comprises:
One or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
Wherein the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted of conversion comprises according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bit pattern and described one or more types the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.
18, method as claimed in claim 17 is wherein stored described one or more set of relations and is comprised that storage is used for the look-up table of the described one or more set of relations of predefine.
19, method as claimed in claim 16, wherein audio parameter is represented a value or set of values.
20, method as claimed in claim 16, the one or more audio parameters that wherein extracted comprise speech parameter.
21, a kind of equipment that is used for sending numerical data by acoustic channel, this equipment comprises:
Be used for the device of the digital data conversion that will send for the audio parameter of one or more types; And
Be used for the audio parameter of described one or more types is converted to sound wave, so that transmit the device of described numerical data with voice mode.
22, equipment as claimed in claim 21 also comprises:
The device that is used for the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
It is the audio parameter of described one or more types that the wherein said device that is used to change comes described digital data conversion according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bank bit pattern and described one or more types.
23, equipment as claimed in claim 22, the wherein said device that is used to store is stored the look-up table of the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for the described bit pattern of predefine and described one or more types.
24, a kind of equipment that is used for by the acoustic channel receiving digital data comprises:
Be used for extracting the device of the audio parameter of one or more types from the sound wave that is received; And
Be used for the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to the device of described numerical data.
25, equipment as claimed in claim 24 also comprises:
The device that is used for the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
The wherein said device that is used to change is converted to described numerical data to the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bit pattern and described one or more types.
26, equipment as claimed in claim 25, the wherein said device that is used to store is stored the look-up table of the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for the described bit pattern of predefine and described one or more types.
27, a kind of equipment that is used for by acoustic channel transmission and receiving digital data comprises:
Be used for the device of the digital data conversion that will send for the audio parameter of one or more types;
Be used for producing the device of sound wave according to the audio parameter of described one or more types;
Be used for extracting the device of the audio parameter of one or more types from the sound wave that is received; And
Be used for the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to the device of described numerical data.
28, equipment as claimed in claim 27 also comprises:
The device that is used for the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of bank bit pattern and described one or more types; And
It is the audio parameter of described one or more types that the wherein said device that is used to change comes described digital data conversion according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bank bit pattern and described one or more types, and the wherein said device that is used to change is converted to described numerical data to the audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted according to the described one or more set of relations between the audio parameter of described bank bit pattern and described one or more types.
29, equipment as claimed in claim 28, the wherein said device that is used to store is stored the look-up table of the one or more set of relations between the audio parameter that is used for the described bank bit pattern of predefine and described one or more types.
30, a kind of processor that is used for sending numerical data by acoustic channel, this processor comprises:
Treatment circuit, this treatment circuit is configured to
The audio parameter of the digital data conversion that will send for one or more types; And
The audio parameter of described one or more types is converted to sound wave, so that transmit described numerical data with voice mode.
31, a kind of processor that is used for by the acoustic channel receiving digital data, this processor comprises:
Treatment circuit, this treatment circuit is configured to:
From the sound wave that is received, extract the audio parameter of one or more types; And
The audio parameter of one or more types of being extracted is converted to described numerical data.
CNB038253801A 2002-09-25 2003-09-25 Data communication through acoustic channels and compression Expired - Fee Related CN100511423C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US41398102P 2002-09-25 2002-09-25
US60/413,981 2002-09-25
US10/669,475 2003-09-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1701352A CN1701352A (en) 2005-11-23
CN100511423C true CN100511423C (en) 2009-07-08

Family

ID=35476747

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB038253801A Expired - Fee Related CN100511423C (en) 2002-09-25 2003-09-25 Data communication through acoustic channels and compression

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100511423C (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8369799B2 (en) 2007-10-25 2013-02-05 Echostar Technologies L.L.C. Apparatus, systems and methods to communicate received commands from a receiving device to a mobile device
US8867571B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2014-10-21 Echostar Technologies L.L.C. Systems, methods and apparatus for transmitting data over a voice channel of a wireless telephone network

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1701352A (en) 2005-11-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1430452B1 (en) Point-of-sale (pos) voice authentication transaction system
KR100745037B1 (en) Method and system for facilitation of wireless e-commerce transactions
US8930699B2 (en) Short-range secure data communication method based on sound wave or audio, and apparatus thereof
RU2279136C2 (en) Method and device for realization of electronic commercial operations with use of wireless communication device
CN104602364B (en) The method and wireless device, intelligent terminal of wireless device connection wireless access point
CN102509216A (en) Method and device for realizing on-site mobile payment by using audio signal
JP2005518721A5 (en)
CN102355308A (en) Information transmission method, receiving method and terminal equipment
CN102722812A (en) Method and device for transmitting consumption certificate number through audio signal to realize spot transaction
US20040199764A1 (en) Method for authentication of a user on access to a software-based system by means of an access medium
CN102710420A (en) Method, system and device for setting password
CN104820944A (en) Method and system for bank self-service terminal authentication, and device
WO2001045054A2 (en) The acoustic encoding of dynamic identification codes
CN102820972A (en) Authentication method based on sound wave
CN103297242A (en) Identity authentication method, device and system and voice server
CN103354461A (en) Sound-based near field communication system and method thereof
CN102831738A (en) Mobile card swiping unit, mobile payment system and method
CN100511423C (en) Data communication through acoustic channels and compression
CN104156855A (en) Payment method and system
CN111539713B (en) Mobile payment account end user certificate generation and conversion method, system and storage medium
US20040225500A1 (en) Data communication through acoustic channels and compression
US9614710B2 (en) Method and system for communication digital data on an analog signal
CN103077457B (en) A kind of intelligent RFID payment terminal and method
CN106940851A (en) A kind of method of payment and system based on bar code
US11218348B2 (en) Acoustic secure transmission (AST)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1084261

Country of ref document: HK

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: WD

Ref document number: 1084261

Country of ref document: HK

C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20090708

Termination date: 20110925