CN100544623C - Body protecting device - Google Patents
Body protecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100544623C CN100544623C CNB2004800381671A CN200480038167A CN100544623C CN 100544623 C CN100544623 C CN 100544623C CN B2004800381671 A CNB2004800381671 A CN B2004800381671A CN 200480038167 A CN200480038167 A CN 200480038167A CN 100544623 C CN100544623 C CN 100544623C
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- body protecting
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- lateral wall
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Abstract
A kind of body protecting device for user's wearing; this device comprises the array of energy absorption units; wherein; each unit comprises a tube; basically each tube has sidewall close mutually with the sidewall of at least one other tube or that adjoin mutually; basically each tube is to be provided with like this: when be parallel to described tube axially apply load the time, the orientation of described tube remains unchanged basically.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of body protecting device.Especially, but nonexcludability ground the present invention relates to a kind of energy absorbing material and the method that forms these materials, and these materials are used to have the device of relatively large curvature, as safety cap, elbow support, knee-pad, shoulder protector or its analog.
Background technology
Many body protecting devices have bigger curvature κ, and this curvature is defined as the inverse of the bending radius (ρ) of described device.The device such such as safety cap may need nonvolatil curved shape.The protection pad of other device such as elbow, knee and shoulder can need enough pliabilities so that be varied to suitable curved shape freely, to adapt to body kinematics.Must use the material and the forming method that are fit to be used for such device.
Safety cap generally includes the skin of a rigid plastics material spherical in shape basically and the internal layer that the elastomeric material such as rigid foam is made.The skin of rigidity passes to internal layer with impact load more equably, and internal layer absorbs the energy that impact load gives.The helmet is moulding in former, perhaps around male mould forming.Described material must bear tangible bending to form spherical profile.And outer and internal layer also must be put into mould respectively.Otherwise in BENDING PROCESS, bonding between two kinds of materials can hinder outer (outer tension) slippage with respect to necessity of internal layer (internal layer pressurized), otherwise will produce bigger plane stress at outer surface and inner surface.
The total inventory that reduces the helmet can be to make us expecting.Equally, the forming method of the helmet generally includes hand and sticks with paste, and it is complicated and expensive that this method is tending towards.Method is can be with internal layer and outer as in the integral material insertion mould preferably.
In the quite a long time, people adopt the axial load post with varying cross-section shape to be used to improve the crashworthiness of the structure of automobile, roadside equipment or its analog.Column in these known systems does not link to each other usually mutually, and independently works.No matter these columns by which kind of forming materials are got, and the flexing that all needs to avoid of overall importance is broken ring mode (perhaps causing the local failure of the destruction of whole post), because this method can not absorb impact energy effectively.
Being worth glad is, metal column has multiple cripling failure mode and bending damage pattern, and the bending damage pattern can absorb impact energy effectively.Plastic column and composite wood stock column have the failure mode that much can effectively absorb impact energy, and still, all patterns all comprise the progressive destruction of pillar one end usually.
The performance of plastic column and composite wood stock column and failure mode depend on the complex interactions between many different parameters, and described parameter comprises the arrangement of fiber in used material, physical dimension (shape and thickness), the composite, the use and the loading environment of trigger.Yet, carefully select these parameters can access safety means better than the metal equivalent.
No matter used material how, the array that common discovery is parallel to the independent column of load direction setting can improve the performance of energy absorption, and can improve the stability of safety device.When column progressively during buckling failure, the column trend produces the energy absorption of relative constant level.But the taperer of axial load is found more linearizing the advancing the speed that produce power absorbs, and this is often more welcome in destroying situation.Yet because column is independently, the load of localization can cause the destruction of overall importance of undesirable column, the load that axially the departing from of described column applied axially.Equally, because column is independently, column is made into relatively thicker in to avoid the unstability in the loading process.
Battenboard is made up of two hard skins, and these two skins are separated by the lower core material of hardness, and battenboard has been applied to many aspects, as building element and the structural slab that is used for highway locomotive and aircraft.Common core is made up of honeycomb, and this honeycomb is a cell array, and it is long-pending that each unit has hexagonal cross-section.Yet the post that the unit of described unit or other shape of cross section can not be considered to be connected is because its each sidewall is all shared with adjacent cells.If a unit bears local destruction or instability, its adjacent unit will be influenced.
The axle of each longitudinal member is perpendicular to internal layer and outer field plane, and each end of each longitudinal member is adhered to corresponding top layer usually.Therefore, the honeycomb representative is parallel to the cell array that load direction is arranged, and described load clashes on the plane of one of described skin.
WO 94/00031 discloses a kind of safety cap, and this safety cap comprises a cellular-core structure.Usually adopt the method for hand paste.EP 0881064 discloses a kind of protection member, and this member also has the cellular-core structure, and the document has been narrated described member and can have been merged in the many kinds of protectiveness clothings, and described protectiveness clothing comprises the helmet.
US 3877076 discloses a kind of helmet with array structure of tube.Described each tube and other tube are spaced from each other, and separate.
US 4534068 also discloses a kind of array of tube, and described tube is spaced from each other.Local rupture failure (crippling failure) has wherein been described.
Honeycomb is applicable to and comprises structure or the dull and stereotyped application with less relatively flexibility.Yet, when described material is used to have article than the macrobending degree, will go wrong.
The hexagonal cells of each honeycomb has n60 ° of rotation symmetry angle, and therefore described unit does not have about 90 ° rotation symmetry angle.Therefore, described unit is not orthotropic, that is, compare with the load that applies from first angle, and hexagonal cells is to from revealing different reactions with load meter that first angle becomes second angle of 90 ° of angles to apply.When the moulding safety cap, described material around mould around two normal axis bendings to form sphere.Therefore, when attempting to obtain needed macrobending and spend, hexagonal structure will produce difficulty.
And hexagonal structure itself is anticlastic, because will cause negative cruvature (shape of saddle has been explained this phenomenon) around normal axis around the positive camber of an axle.This causes the difficulty of moulding process once more.
In addition, the device that uses honeycomb to be used for such as protection pad is imperfect, and these devices must flexibly be deformed to deep camber.These shortcomings comprise the relative harder characteristic of these structures.The hexagon member can be considered to six flat boards, and every flat board is rigidly fixed on each vertical limit.Can know that theoretically with on the experience these members and the structure of being made by these members are not flexible relatively.The protection pad of being made by this material can be tending towards feeling stiff and not very comfortable.Be desirable under the situation of the energy absorption capability of not sacrificing described device, improve its comfortableness.
Summary of the invention
First aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of body protecting device for user's wearing, and described device comprises:
The array of energy absorption units, wherein each unit comprises a tube, basically each tube has sidewall close mutually with the sidewall of at least one other tube or that adjoin mutually, and, wherein each tube is to be provided with so basically: when be parallel to described tube axially apply load the time, the orientation of described tube remains unchanged basically.
Term " tube " is used to represent to have the hollow structure of rule or irregular geometry.Described tube preferably has cylindricality or pyramidal structure, and described tube the most preferably has cylindrical or conical structure.The array of described round tubular thing causes material isotropism basically, and is essentially non-reciprocal song.
Preferably, described body protecting device comprises safety cap, and alternatively, described body protecting device comprises safe protection pad.
Preferably, each tube has the sidewall that adjoins mutually with the sidewall of at least one other tube basically.Preferably, each tube has the sidewall that is connected with the sidewall of at least one other tube basically.
Preferably, each tube has the sidewall that the sidewall by other tube of binding agent and at least one is connected basically.Preferably, each tube has basically the sidewall that is connected along the sidewall of other tube of length direction and at least one of described tube basically.
Alternatively, each tube has the sidewall that welds mutually or be fused with the sidewall of at least one other tube basically.
One or more tube can and comprise that the outer core of second material forms by the inner core that comprises first material.Preferably, first material and second material all are polymer, and preferably, second material has the fusion temperature lower than first material.Preferably, first material is a PEI.Preferably, second material comprises the mixture of PEI and PET (polyethyleneterephthlate).
Preferably, basically each tube near or adjoin at least three other tubes.Preferably, basically each tube near or adjoin six other tubes.
Preferably, the diameter of each tube at 2mm between the 8mm.Preferably, the diameter of each tube is about 6mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the sidewall of each tube is less than 0.5mm.Preferably, the thickness of the sidewall of each tube is between 0.1mm to 0.3mm.
Preferably, the length of each tube is less than 50mm.Preferably, the length of each tube is between 30mm to 40mm.
Preferably, the array of described energy absorption units is provided as an integral material, and preferably, described integral material has deep camber or can be deformed into deep camber.
Preferably, described integral material comprises Merlon, polypropylene, PEI, polyether sulfone or PPSU.Preferably, described material comprises Tubus Heneycombs
TM
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of liner that is used for for the body protecting device of user's wearing, described liner comprises:
First material with array of energy absorption units, wherein, each unit comprises a tube, and, wherein each tube has sidewall close mutually with the sidewall of at least one other tube or that adjoin mutually basically, and wherein each tube is to be provided with so basically: when be parallel to described tube axially apply load the time, the orientation of described tube remains unchanged basically.
Preferably, described body protecting device comprises safety cap.Alternatively, described body protecting device comprises safe protection pad.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of body protecting device, this device comprises:
Be adhered to first material on second material with adhesive, wherein adhesive has than first material and the lower fusion temperature of second material.
Preferably, described body protecting device comprises safety cap.Alternatively, described body protecting device comprises safe protection pad.
Preferably, in the fusion temperature of adhesive, first material and second material are in soft state.The binding agent of fusing can make safety cap under the fusion temperature of adhesive, carry out thermoforming like this, because can allow relatively moving between first material and second material.
Preferably, described first material is a kind of in Merlon, polypropylene, PEI, polyether sulfone or the PPSU material.
Preferably, second material is a plastic material, for example PEI.Preferably, second material is a fiber reinforced plastic materials.Preferably, described fiber is made by glass or carbon.
Preferably, described adhesive is thermoplastic.Preferably, described adhesive is the polyester-based material.
Preferably, the fusion temperature of described adhesive is lower than 180 ℃.Preferably, the fusion temperature of adhesive is between 120 ℃ to 140 ℃.
Preferably, in the forming process of body protecting device, body protecting device is heated between 155 ℃ to 160 ℃.
Preferably, described body protecting device further comprises the 3rd material, and first material preferably, adopts adhesive that first material is adhered on the 3rd material between second material and the 3rd material.
Preferably, first material has the array of energy absorption units, and each unit comprises a tube.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method for preparing body protecting device, this method comprises:
Use adhesive that first material and second material is bonding, wherein the fusion temperature of adhesive is lower than the fusion temperature of first material and second material.
Preferably, described body protecting device comprises safety cap.Alternatively, described body protecting device comprises safe protection pad.
Preferably, described method comprises selects first material and second material, and described second material is in soft state under the fusion temperature of first material.
Preferably, described method is included in the manufacture process of body protecting device, and it is heated between 155 ℃ to 160 ℃.
Preferably, described method comprises that the use adhesive is bonding with first material and the 3rd material.
Preferably, first material has the array of energy absorption units, and each unit comprises a tube.
Description of drawings
The present invention only is described the specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the mode of embodiment.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view according to safety cap of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side view that is used to make the battenboard of safety cap as shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the side view that the battenboard among Fig. 2 is in case of bending;
Fig. 4 is used for the plane of arranging in the known unit of battenboard core;
Fig. 5 is the plane that is used for the tubular units array of Fig. 2 battenboard;
Fig. 6 is the side cross-sectional view of tube array that is in Fig. 5 of case of bending;
Fig. 7 a, 7b and 7c are the amplification views of each position of the tube array among Fig. 6, represent pressured state, normal condition and tension state respectively;
Fig. 8 is the side view that is used for the heat treated of battenboard shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional side view of the mould that uses with battenboard shown in Figure 2;
Figure 10 is the state after the mold pressing of battenboard shown in Figure 2.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, wherein shown body protecting device with the form appearance of safety cap 10.Safety cap 10 uses plate 12 to make, and wherein plate 12 comprises first material or core 20, and described first material or core 20 are sandwiched between second material or outer the 30 and the 3rd material or the internal layer 50.Skin 30 and internal layer 50 are adhered on the described core by binding agent 40.
Fig. 3 shows the battenboard 12 that is in case of bending.In this state, from the maximum crushing stress state of the inner surface of the maximum tension stress state of the zero pressure state (with regard to the principal plane of plate 12) of neutral axis 14 outer surface to outer 30 and internal layer 50, described material presents linear change.These tensions and compression cause elongation strain and compression strain respectively.Therefore, outer 30 and core 20 between and have slippage between internal layer 50 and the core 20, unless described slippage is stoped by adhesive 40.
Known cored structure is that as shown in Figure 4 cellular or hexagon is arranged.Each hexagonal cells 60 has the rotation symmetric angle 64 etc. of 60 ° 62,120 ° of rotation symmetric angle, perhaps in other words has n60 ° of rotation symmetric angle, and wherein n is an integer.Therefore, described unit does not have 90 ° rotation symmetry angle, and therefore whole material is not orthotropic, and described material is anticlastic.
In addition, because six sides of each honeycomb cell 60 are shared with adjacent unit, the post that this honeycomb cell 60 just can not be considered to be connected.
Fig. 5 has shown the cell array that is used for core material 20 according to of the present invention.Each unit comprises tube 22.Tube 22 is arranged in a kind of mode of tightly packed arrays, the gap minimum between the feasible tube that adjoins.Each tube has the diameter of 6mm, thickness between 0.1mm and 0.3mm, the about 35mm of length.This causes length diameter ratio (length-to-diameter) between 100 to 350, and the outward appearance ratio is the ratio of thickness (diameter with) between 20 to 60.As can be seen, these numeric ratios big 1 or 2 order of magnitude of arranging of the prior art.
The use of these how much numerical value, particularly less thickness, the gradual buckling failure pattern that causes expecting is achieved, even if under the situation that tube employing polymeric material is made.Because tube is connected with the tube that adjoins and supported by it, can avoid causing the unstability of buckling failure pattern of overall importance.Described tube is connected with six that arrange around it other tubes, provides such support on the axial any direction perpendicular to described tube.Therefore, cause in the process of gradual cripling at the load that is applied, the orientation of each tube (axis direction that is parallel to the load that applies usually) remains unchanged basically.
Tube can use adhesive to be bonded together.Another suitable method is that the outer core by the inner core of first material and second material constitutes tube, and these cores are by co-extrusion pressure.Can select to have more second material of low melting temperature than first material.Usually, can adopt and have 15 degrees centigrade to 20 degrees centigrade temperature difference.In forming process, tube can be heated between the fusion temperature of the fusion temperature of first material and second material, this will cause the sidewall of tube soldered or fuse together.This method can make moulding simple, and has better uniformity in forming process.
Be appreciated that as long as tube is closely close, make them can contact after a spot of distortion, tube does not need to be connected to each other or even adjoins mutually mutual support is provided.
Rule of thumb as can be known, can provide energy absorption efficiency greater than 80% according to device of the present invention, this efficient is the remarkable improvement to device of the prior art.
Because each tube 22 has unlimited rotation symmetric angle, all the array of tube causes being had basically isotropism and non-anticlastic material.Yet, suppose that each tube has the sidewall mutually close with other tube sidewall, tube can have the cross section that is different from circle, and still can provide higher energy absorption.
Fig. 6 represents to be in the tube array of case of bending.As previously mentioned, in the plane stress at neutral axis 14 places with answer vanishing, therefore, the circle that each tube 22 keeps shown in Fig. 7 a.At inner surface 24, tube 22 is along the bending direction pressurized, shown profile at the tube of this position with the amplification form in Fig. 7 b.At outer surface 26, tube is stretched along bending direction, has shown the profile at the tube of this position in Fig. 7 c.
Should be noted that, although tube 22 not only tensions but also pressurized are when the thickness that passes described material 20 is averaged to the profile of tube 22, identical with the profile of finding in neutral axis 14 places.Equally,, will on orthogonal direction, produce compression and stretching, also just cause tube 22 identical along the profile of profile on any point of thickness and the discovery of neutral axis 14 places if there is a bending around normal axis.Though the diameter of tube 22 can be reduced at inner surface 24, can be increased at outer surface 26.Tube becomes taper effectively, this taper even also can improve the energy absorption capability of described structure.
Safety cap uses suitable thermoforming process preparation.As shown in Figure 8, adopt heater 70 that battenboard 12 is heated between 155 ℃ to 160 ℃, this temperature is higher than the fusion temperature of adhesive 40.
Because plate 12 is heated to above the fusion temperature of adhesive, outer 30 and core 20 between and slippage can take place between internal layer 50 and core 20.Plate 12 is cooled to be lower than 50 ℃ guaranteeing that described plate presents curved shape, and adhesive is adhered to superficial layer 30,50 on the core 20 again.At this moment, two parts of mould can be separated, and twisted plate 12 as shown in figure 10.
Without departing from the scope of the invention, can carry out various modifications and improvement.For example, the tube array can be taper, and can have cone angle at any angle.
Claims (16)
1. body protecting device of dressing for the user comprises:
Outer surface and inner surface;
The array of the energy absorption units between outer surface and inner surface;
Wherein, each unit comprises a tube, and each tube has the lateral wall that is connected with the lateral wall of at least one other tube along its length;
Wherein, each tube has the axle that extends to inner surface from described outer surface;
Therefore, apply when load to described outer surface, each tube applies being parallel on the axis direction of load and remains unchanged.
2. body protecting device according to claim 1, wherein, described tube has cylindrical or conical structure.
3. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described body protecting device comprises safety cap.
4. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, each tube has the lateral wall that the lateral wall by other tube of binding agent and at least one links to each other.
5. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, each tube has the lateral wall that welds mutually or be fused with the lateral wall of at least one other tube.
6. body protecting device according to claim 5, wherein, one or more tube is by the inner core that comprises first material and comprise that the outer core of second material forms.
7. body protecting device according to claim 6, wherein, second material has the fusion temperature lower than first material.
8. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, each tube links to each other with at least three other tubes.
9. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, each tube links to each other with six other tubes.
10. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the diameter of each tube is between 2mm to 8mm.
11. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the diameter of each tube is 6mm.
12. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the thickness of the sidewall of each tube is less than 0.5mm.
13. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the thickness of the sidewall of each tube is between 0.1mm to 0.3mm.
14. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the length of each tube is less than 50mm.
15. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the length of each tube is between 30mm to 40mm.
16. body protecting device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the array of described energy absorption units is provided as an integral material.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0329612A GB0329612D0 (en) | 2003-12-20 | 2003-12-20 | Safety helmet |
| GB0329612.6 | 2003-12-20 | ||
| GB0409065.0 | 2004-04-23 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101436125A Division CN101564212B (en) | 2003-12-20 | 2004-12-07 | Body protecting device and method for forming body protecting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1897836A CN1897836A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
| CN100544623C true CN100544623C (en) | 2009-09-30 |
Family
ID=30776229
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800381671A Active CN100544623C (en) | 2003-12-20 | 2004-12-07 | Body protecting device |
| CN2009101436125A Active CN101564212B (en) | 2003-12-20 | 2004-12-07 | Body protecting device and method for forming body protecting device |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101436125A Active CN101564212B (en) | 2003-12-20 | 2004-12-07 | Body protecting device and method for forming body protecting device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN100544623C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2371087T3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0329612D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SG10201509943UA (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2016-01-28 | Skydex Technologies Inc | Interdigitated cellular cushioning |
| GB201101600D0 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-03-16 | Jsp Ltd | Strap having at least one clip |
| CN102328464A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-01-25 | 姚喜智 | Honeycomb core plate of composite plate and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN103284393A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-11 | 重庆安尔特汽车摩托车配件制造有限公司 | Motorcycle helmet with intensive honeycomb-shaped air bag buffer pad |
| WO2015017617A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Engineered Arresting Systems Corporation | Energy absorbing system for arresting a vehicle |
| WO2017208979A1 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Three-dimensional structure |
| CN107080316B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2020-11-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Magnesium alloy helmet using honeycomb reinforcing ribs |
| CN109402813A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-03-01 | 曾凱熙 | Reinforcing fiber for protective articles |
| GB2568019B (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2022-02-16 | Rheon Labs Ltd | Anisotropic Absorbing Systems |
| CN110043593B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-05-18 | 东北林业大学 | Honeycomb energy absorption structure and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9213704D0 (en) * | 1992-06-27 | 1992-08-12 | Brine C A | Safety helmet |
| EP0881064A3 (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 2000-12-13 | Trauma-Lite Limited | Protective element |
-
2003
- 2003-12-20 GB GB0329612A patent/GB0329612D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-12-07 CN CNB2004800381671A patent/CN100544623C/en active Active
- 2004-12-07 CN CN2009101436125A patent/CN101564212B/en active Active
- 2004-12-07 ES ES06024091T patent/ES2371087T3/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101564212B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
| ES2371087T3 (en) | 2011-12-27 |
| CN1897836A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
| GB0329612D0 (en) | 2004-01-28 |
| CN101564212A (en) | 2009-10-28 |
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