CN100548523C - Plastics system forging die and the method for using its Forming Workpiece - Google Patents
Plastics system forging die and the method for using its Forming Workpiece Download PDFInfo
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- CN100548523C CN100548523C CNB2003101240752A CN200310124075A CN100548523C CN 100548523 C CN100548523 C CN 100548523C CN B2003101240752 A CNB2003101240752 A CN B2003101240752A CN 200310124075 A CN200310124075 A CN 200310124075A CN 100548523 C CN100548523 C CN 100548523C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of forging die of being made up of plastics to small part, this forging die contains the nano-scale particle in some embedding plastics.This forging die is especially suitable for use as such as the shaping forging die in the sheet metal deep-draw processing of car body component, because this forging die has extra high compression strength and good wear resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of is the forging die that is made of plastics to small part.Recently, so-called nanometer technology all demonstrates importance in various technical fields.Use in nanometer technology, its granularity is lower than the nano-scale particle of micron in fact.Because the size of this particle is 10
-9To 10
-6Between the rice, be the solid system that has the atomic structure yardstick and no longer observe known macroscopic law so we face.The granularity of this nano particle is usually less than the shortwave wavelength (about 400nm) of visible light, thereby makes what these particles neither can be seen with traditional microscope again.The production of this nano-scale particle and processing all are costly comparatively speaking.It should be noted that nano level inorganic solid particles has various interesting industrial uses, be used for the coating (referring to DE4133621A1) of optical element such as it.Because such use, what it at first related in the document is the production of transparent composite.
Background technology
DE19746885A1 has put down in writing a kind of method of being come production nanostructured molding and layer by the material with fluid ability, wherein said have the material of fluid ability to contain the nano grade inorganic solid particle that has the polymerizable surface group, it is inserted in the mould, and polymerization forms and solidifies molding then.To the molding of producing like this, the document does not illustrate the purposes that it is concrete.And in the document, do not mention this molding, such as the forging die that can be used for making normally the forming technology of making by metal.
For example be used for forming technology, as the forging die in deep hole pinching method or other similar approach, it is shorter that an ever-present shortcoming is exactly service life.If use the formpiston (stempel), plate grip or the former that are made of plastics to carry out the deep hole pinching of metal parts, then can cause very big wearing and tearing, and the compression strength of forging die material be too small at contact surface.This just causes scrapping rapidly of forging die through regular meeting.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, task of the present invention is to provide a kind of forging die that is made of plastics to small part, and it has wearability and the service life that therefore has than length preferably.
This task solves by following scheme: a kind of forging die of being made up of plastics to small part is characterized in that this forging die contains the nano-scale particle in some embedding plastics.According to the present invention, should contain some to the forging die that small part is made of plastics and be embedded into the nano-scale particle that goes in the plastics.Thus, consider, mainly improved material property, and generally speaking its mar proof is also better than traditional plastic material with regard to the wearing and tearing aspect.When this forging die of the present invention was used for forming technology, forging die can have long service life, and therefore can recycle in more longer production cycles.
The granularity of employed nano particle is preferably in the scope of 15 to 250 nanometers among the present invention.Produce the form existence that the plastic material that makes can be used as mould material or bulk material at this nano-scale particle of use.The share of nano-scale particle can change in very wide scope in the plastics.The use amount of particularly preferred nano-scale particle arrives in the scope of about 60 weight % about 5 with total restatement of composite.This nano-scale particle preferably is evenly distributed in the plastics as far as possible.Reasonable method is that nano-scale particle is embedded in the plastic polymer.Distribute as far as possible uniformly in order to reach nano particle, will in the production of composite, use surface modifier.So just formed the glassy amorphous structure in plastics, this structure can be given material and is particularly suitable for character as the forging die material, although and this material have the glassy structure characteristic of matrix, this material still can keep particularly its elasticity.Can consider polyurethane especially as the plastics of matrix, but epoxy resin or plastics with analogy performance.
For nano-scale particle, what at first consider within the scope of the invention is the particle of inorganic substances.They can be as metal oxide.According to the application target difference, the metal oxide with enough hardness and/or wearability preferably, such as silica, titanium oxide or analog.
Once did some tests within the scope of the invention, in this test, will compare by the plastics that contain nano-scale particle mixture that forms and the plastics that contain other auxiliary agent, relatively proof those plastics that contain nano-scale particle of the present invention in back all are extremely remarkable on various performances, show wearability especially, on crushing resistance and the frictional property.Made the REM photo of various different plastic samples in this test, wherein plastics are mixed with nano-scale particle or conventional fillers and solid lubrication material, can see that therefrom these auxiliary agents are present in the plastic substrate with the Particles Distribution that has nothing in common with each other.In some tests, when in addition when also uncured material stirred, inhomogeneous and the phenomenon that condenses into piece can appear in discovery.When being carried out cure process, sample can determine to have numerous air-bubble in the plastics.On the contrary, if under use has the situation of suitable surface modifier nano level particle is embedded in the plastics, then in fact the nanometer fine grained can be distributed in the plastic substrate better.Can form a kind of amorphous solid after supposing to embed nano level particle in the plastics according to the present invention, the surface of nano-solid particle can be wetting by plastic substrate.Appear to and between two-phase, formed firm combination.This hypothesis also can obtain proof by the REM photo of material sample of the present invention, at this moment will be dipped in sample in the liquid nitrogen and makes it to fracture.On the plane of disruption, can see very smooth plane and not have the particle concentration zones.
In testing experiment of the present invention, be to testing with the plastics that contain conventional powder particle and comparison its E-modulus and compression strength by the bright plastics that contain nano-scale particle of basis.Can cause compression strength to be much higher than the plastics that only contain conventional fillers after having mixed for example about 20% nano-scale particle.
Make forging die with plastics of the present invention, and carry out deep drawing test with this forging die.Therefrom can determine, be the dimensional accuracy of deep-draw forging die or all obtained very big improvement service life.Under normal conditions, this deep-draw forging die that is made of plastics will soon wear away.If for example embed nano-scale particle, then can better be worn and torn and anti-wear performance with about 20 weight % of the total restatement of composite.If the lubricant of embedding ratio such as graphite or molybdenum sulfide class again, then wear-resisting the and deep drawability of forging die just can further improve, just as the conclusion that can draw from following examples.Preferably, the material of a part of tool lubricity that is embedded with in the plastics of forging die is that about 10 weight % arrive about 60 weight % in the total amount content of composite, is preferably about 20 weight % to about 30 weight %.
The plastics forging die of the present invention that contains the nano-scale particle of embedding has the following advantages, and promptly material cost can be than traditional steel forging die cost low (for example can reduce up to 70%).This forging die can better be processed, and only need use a spot of machinery.Required energy and power in the time of will being reduced in machining like this.The process time of plastics forging die of the present invention is than the weak point of steel forging die.Its weight is also lighter, and its weight reduces can reach at the most 60%, can reduce the load as crane gear thus when forging die is handled.
Plastics forging die of the present invention or can change by the plastic components that is used for forging die that it is made more conveniently, and this can save cost simultaneously, cut down the consumption of energy and the shortening time.Damaged forging die can all be reused, and comes usefulness such as the filler as new plastics forging die, so just makes cost of disposal greatly reduce.Because the plastics forging die demonstrates flexibility, so form the quality that processing can improve workpiece greatly by this shaping forging die.By adding other material, the anti-wear performance in the time of just improving particularly deep-draw with lubricity.Thus, the fluid lubricant that just can save so far always to be needed, thus make the shaping process be suitable for environmental requirement more.
The invention still further relates to the method for a kind of Forming Workpiece, particularly metal parts.This method utilize a kind of to small part be the shaping forging die that is made of plastics, and according to the present invention, this shaping forging die contains the Nanoparticulate composition of sneaking in the plastics.According to a preferred improvement project of the present invention, this shaping forging die can be used as sheet metal, particularly the deep-draw forging die in the deep-draw processing method of body of a motor car part or vehicle body.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the REM photo in plastics cross section that is used for the forging die of first sample of the present invention (P-b1)
Fig. 2 is another REM photo identical with sample among Fig. 1, but multiplication factor is bigger
Fig. 3 is dipped in section REM photo in the liquid nitrogen and after fractureing with plastic sample of the present invention
Fig. 4 is E-modulus and the compression strength figure when used nano-particle content has nothing in common with each other in the plastics
View when Fig. 5 is to use the deep-draw forging die that the plastics that contain different fillers make
Fig. 6 is a view of describing forging die wearability in the ever-increasing deep-draw process of number of stroke of being made by the plastics with different fillers
The specific embodiment
With embodiment the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
Within the scope of the present invention, the loading condition of the plastics that added the different grain size nano particle is tested.The character of measured nano particle sample P-D4, P-b1, P-b2 and P-b3 is listed in the table below in 1.
Table 1
As shown in Table, the granularity of P-D4 sample is 800nm, and the granularity of other nano particles is littler in fact.Respectively nano particle is carried out modification and add in the plastics materials with surface modifier.The P-D4 sample tested show, when stirring, just occurred inhomogeneous and condense into the phenomenon of piece.Sample is being carried out contain a large amount of bubbles in the discovery plastics in the cure process process.
In contrast, certainly, in having the sample of nano particle, according to last table, in fact those granularity smaller particles can be distributed in the plastic substrate better.This can be confirmed by corresponding REM photo.Shown in Figure 1 is according to the plastics cross section REM photo of the forging die of the present invention of the sample P-b1 in several second hurdles, table 1 left side.From Fig. 1, can well recognize nano particle distributing very evenly in plastics.Shown in Figure 2 is the corresponding REM photo of same sample, and just multiplication factor is bigger.
When the plastics that contain nano particle are carried out the test of material behavior, load sample P-b1 (referring to table 1) is dipped in the liquid nitrogen solution, then it is fractureed.Shown in Figure 3 is the REM photo of this sample section.Can see that section is smoother, just look at less than particle aggregation.Can also therefrom see the firm combination of formation between nano particle and plastic substrate.
For the plastics of the present invention of testing and assessing as the applicability of forging die material, just need to determine the pressure-E-modulus [MPa] and the compression strength [MPa] of the characteristic value, particularly plastics of various materials, and it be recorded in the chart as Fig. 4.In the drawings, the nano particle amount in the plastics increases from left to right gradually.To two kinds of characteristic values, particularly elastic modelling quantity, as can be seen from the figure, if add about 20% nano particle then can significantly improve the rigidity of material.Further test shows if use conventional fillers more in addition, then can further improve E-modulus value and compression strength.
Carry out abrasion test in the present invention, utilizing forging die that different sheet material is carried out deep-draw in the test handles, forging die is wherein made by the plastics of the present invention that contain some nano particle on the one hand, and the contrast plastics that contain some tool lubricity material of serving as reasons are on the other hand made.The results are shown among Fig. 6.What wherein describe is to two kinds of different sheet materials, the result that promptly a kind of AC120 of being and the another kind of sheet material of being made by almag AlMg4.5Mn carry out deep-draw, and respectively the deep-draw forging die of being made by four kinds of different plastics is tested in both cases.The post on the left side is corresponding to containing the wear-resisting value of graphite as the plastics of tool lubricity material in two figure.Be respectively to contain molybdenum sulfide as the plastics of tool greasy property material with contain the plastics of some PTFE then from left to right successively, and the rightmost post of each figure represent that plastics wherein are the plastics that contain a certain amount of nano particle according to the present invention at last.And show that in the wear-resisting effect shown in Fig. 5 the plastics of the present invention that have about 0.19 average friction value in both cases are best aspect frictional behaviour.Especially surprisingly, if add nano particle, then scuff resistance is better than adding the conventional plastic additive with known lubricity.
The forging die that the plastics that contain different fillers are made carries out wearability test in another experiment, and mode is to utilize the forging die of being made by these plastics continuously sheet material to be carried out deep-draw with a large amount of number of strokes.The results are shown among Fig. 6.Wherein listed all is with on-test before initial value compare the relative scuff resistance of gained.All drawn five posts for each measured material, wherein the left side post of each figure sets gradually 5000 strokes, 10000 strokes, 15000 strokes and 20000 strokes then from left to right corresponding to initial value (about scale 5).As can be seen from Figure 6, if the plastics that use do not have nano-scale particle and do not have the plastics of tool lubricity, then along with the increase of stroke, the scuff resistance of forging die can constantly descend.Second group of post figure represents to have embedded in the plastics graphite.What the 3rd group of post figure (from left number) represented is the characteristic value that contains the plastics of molybdenum sulfide auxiliary agent.What the 4th group of post figure (from left number) represented is to contain the plastics of the PTFE of embedding as tool lubricity material.And (rightmost among the figure) described in the 5th group of post figure at last is the characteristic value that contains the forging die that the plastics of nano-scale particle make.Can see that if embedded the auxiliary agent with lubricity, then the scuff resistance value can be along with the continuous increase of number of stroke descends more or less, compare as can be known by figure simultaneously that this decline is smaller than the plastics that do not contain auxiliary agent with the left side.On the contrary, if use embedding of the present invention that the plastics forging die of nano-scale particle (Nano-K) is arranged, then wear-resisting value can also remain unchanged after through 20000 forging die stroke.
Make the forging die mould within the scope of the present invention, wherein make formpiston by the different plastics that contain nano particle of the present invention or conventional auxiliary agent, wherein forging die is curved surface in some zone.Seeing after the deep-draw concerning frictional behaviour these zones as very crucial zone as the marginal zone of forging die respectively is divided into 100 parts and measures.Confirmable thus is that the formpiston of being made by the plastics that contain nano-scale particle of the present invention has best polishing machine, because the scale error minimum on the curved surface.
Claims (17)
1. form and be the forging die of shaping forging die by plastics to small part for one kind, it is characterized in that this forging die contains some and embeds nano-scale particle in plastics, and be characterised in that the material that in the plastics of forging die, also is embedded with a part of tool lubricity.
2. according to the forging die of claim 1, it is characterized in that it comprises plastics bulk material or mould material.
3. according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2, the granularity that it is characterized in that nano-scale particle is mainly in 15nm arrives the scope of 250nm.
4. according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the content of nano-scale particle in the plastics is counted 5 weight % between the 60 weight % with the total amount of composite.
5. according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that nano-scale particle is uniformly distributed in the plastics.
6. according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that this forging die is made by the nano-scale particle that adds surface modifier.
7. according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that plastics have a kind of non crystalline structure of glassy state.
8. according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2, the material that it is characterized in that a part of tool lubricity of being embedded with in the plastics of forging die is that 10 weight % are to 60 weight % in the total amount content of composite.
9. forging die according to Claim 8 is characterized in that described content is that 20 weight % are to 30 weight %.
10. forging die according to Claim 8 is characterized in that embedding graphite and/or the molybdenum sulfide that has as tool lubricity material in the plastics of forging die.
11., it is characterized in that it is made up of polyurethane or epoxy resin at least in part according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2.
12., it is characterized in that it is the deep-draw forging die according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2.
13., it is characterized in that it is formpiston, plate grip or the former that is used for the deep hole pinching of metal parts according to the forging die of claim 1 or 2.
14. method that is used for Forming Workpiece, wherein use the shaping forging die of forming by plastics to small part, the forging die that it is characterized in that being shaped contains some and is embedded in nano-scale particle in the plastics, and is characterised in that the material that also is embedded with a part of tool lubricity in the plastics of forging die.
15., it is characterized in that described workpiece is a metal parts according to the method for claim 14.
16., it is characterized in that in the deep-draw processing method of sheet metal that this shaping forging die is as the deep-draw forging die according to the method for claim 14 or 15.
17., it is characterized in that at described sheet metal be car body component according to the method for claim 16.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101240752A CN100548523C (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2003-12-12 | Plastics system forging die and the method for using its Forming Workpiece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101240752A CN100548523C (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2003-12-12 | Plastics system forging die and the method for using its Forming Workpiece |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1626295A CN1626295A (en) | 2005-06-15 |
| CN100548523C true CN100548523C (en) | 2009-10-14 |
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| CNB2003101240752A Expired - Fee Related CN100548523C (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2003-12-12 | Plastics system forging die and the method for using its Forming Workpiece |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 纳米技术在模具行业中发展与应用. 王匀，刘全坤.模具技术，第2002年第6期. 2002 |
| 纳米技术在模具行业中发展与应用. 王匀，刘全坤.模具技术，第2002年第6期. 2002 * |
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| CN1626295A (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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