CN100559260C - Lighting device and the projection image display that uses this lighting device - Google Patents
Lighting device and the projection image display that uses this lighting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100559260C CN100559260C CNB2003801012627A CN200380101262A CN100559260C CN 100559260 C CN100559260 C CN 100559260C CN B2003801012627 A CNB2003801012627 A CN B2003801012627A CN 200380101262 A CN200380101262 A CN 200380101262A CN 100559260 C CN100559260 C CN 100559260C
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Abstract
A kind of lighting device, comprise two the Lights sections (101,102), a bar-shaped integrating gear (1), and be used to guide relay lens system (4) from the light beam of bar-shaped integrating gear outgoing, wherein bar-shaped integrating gear (1) is a prismatic optical element, its have as upper base incident end face (130F) and as the outgoing end face (130B) of going to the bottom.The a pair of opposite flank that forms in four sides of these parts is parallel to each other relatively, and all the other opposite flanks form lozenges, wherein this plane respect to one another tilts with special angle, makes the opposite flank of lozenges recede to outgoing end face (130B) from incident end face (130F).From the optical convergence of two the Lights sections (101,102) near the incident end face (130F) of bar-shaped integrating gear.
Description
Invention field
The projecting image displaying appts that the present invention relates to lighting device and use the equal illumination device.
Technical background
Routinely, projecting image displaying appts shows that as a kind of the method for giant-screen video is understood by people, and by this equipment, irradiation responds vision signal and the little light valve of display image, and utilizes projecting lens to amplify and the projection image.Some light valve uses a kind of transmission-type or reflective liquid crystal panel, and some light valve uses a digital mirror device, and this device is the aggregate of micro-reflector, utilizes the projecting image displaying appts of these devices to drop into practical application.It below is the description of conventional projecting image displaying appts.
Figure 21 is for illustrating the optical system concept map of the projecting image displaying appts that uses conventional cylindricality optical element (since then, claiming " bar-shaped integrating gear " (rod integrator)) and light valve.In the figure, reference marker 2 is lamps, reference marker 3 is oval concave mirrors, reference marker 4 is relay lens system, reference marker 5 is field lenses, reference marker 6 is transmissive light valves, and reference marker 7 is projecting lens, and reference marker 15 is bar-shaped integrating gears of glass material.
Below for the description of work.The light launching centre of lamp 2 is arranged near first focus of oval concave mirror 3.After being reflected by oval concave mirror 3 from lamp 2 emitted light beams, optical convergence is near second focus of oval concave mirror 3.The plane of incidence of bar-shaped integrating gear 15 is arranged near second focus.The light beam of incident light bar-shaped integrating gear 15 vertically on by suitably reflection fully of side, and by bar-shaped integrating gear 15 emissions.
The groundwork that below is conventional bar-shaped integrating gear 15 is described.Figure 22 is the top view of incident ray work, and Figure 23 is the side view of incident ray work.In these figure, with the light of angle θ incident, bar-shaped integrating gear 15 vertically on by suitably reflection fully of side.Light is keeping its angle transmission, and with angle θ outgoing.Therefore, for example, if the maximal value of the convergent angle of oval concave mirror 3 is 30 °, correspondingly, light with 30 ° maximal value from bar-shaped integrating gear 15 outgoing.
In addition, if the angle difference of incident ray, light bar-shaped integrating gear 15 vertically on suitably the number of times of reflection is just different fully by the side.Because these light merge at exit facet, so even have uneven illumination patterns at the plane of incidence, light also can superpose at exit facet.A result like this may obtain to have the illuminating bundle of high uniformity at the exit facet of bar-shaped integrating gear 15, and has a kind of form, is approximately equal to the illumination zone that hope obtains.Note, yet, because can obtain better homogeneity, enough length is arranged so obviously should guarantee bar-shaped integrating gear 15 by more order of reflection.
In addition, bar-shaped integrating gear 15 emitted light beams are by relay lens system 4 and field lens 5 irradiation transmissive light valves 6, and wherein this relay lens system is made of lens at least.Based on the electric signal of driving circuit (not shown) output, transmissive light valve 6 display images.The image that transmissive light valve 6 shows is exaggerated and projects on the screen (not shown) by projecting lens 7.
In addition,, have stronger requirement and make its projected image brightness higher, and disclose the projecting image displaying appts that uses multiple light courcess this class projecting image displaying appts.For example, in patent documentation 1, disclose certain methods, in these methods, utilized such as the emission light beam in the synthetic multiple light courcess of the light guide of optical fiber, a kind of for another example method, light source is arranged on the precalculated position, by synthetic reflected light such as catoptron and reflecting prisms.
In addition, in the patent documentation 2 below, have only a light source, but form the part of a wedge shape on bar-shaped integrating gear, the cross section of this wedge-like portion from incident end face to the outgoing end face constantly increases.By the key groove of control wedge-like portion, the depth of parallelism of the convergent beam that sends for lamp, this structure can obtain to wish the numerical value that obtains.
In order to improve the brightness in the conventional as mentioned above projecting image displaying appts structure, adopted certain methods,, used the lamp that is close to pointolite as improving the power consumption of lamp, for example have the 1.3mm or the extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp of short spacing more, and the convergence rate that increases light increases brightness.
Yet, when stating two kinds of methods in the use, in the identical spread of electrodes of maintenance, increase power consumption, can shorten the life-span of light source significantly.In addition, the maintenance power consumption is identical and further shorten interelectrode distance, can cause the remarkable shortening of light source life equally.Therefore, as patent documentation 2, in having the structure of single light source, how under the situation that does not shorten light source life, further to increase device brightness and become problem.
On the other hand, disclosed method is a kind of synthetic method in patent documentation 1, this method is attempted by using multiple light courcess to increase brightness, and wherein the convergent angle of the light of the Lights section emission remains unchanged, and this Lights section is made of a light source and an oval concave mirror.For example, when synthetic two the Lights section emitted light beams, the light with about 15 ° convergent angle of oval concave mirror emission will be synthesized and launch to have about 30 ° maximum angle of divergence.
Owing to this reason, may use a convergent lens although seem, be arranged on the back one-level of the composite part that constitutes by catoptron or reflecting prism, but when attempting with converging the angle is that 15 ° oval concave mirror is when obtaining sufficient converging ratio (condensing ratio), first and second focuses of oval concave mirror also must keep enough distances, and oval concave mirror itself must be very big, can not be with the problem of device miniaturization and therefore exist.
In addition, use convergent angle very general at present near the situation of 30 ° oval concave mirror, this situation has proposed to improve the importance of brightness and device miniaturization, yet when using two this concave mirrors at the same time, convergent angle corresponding to the light that composite part reflected that constitutes by catoptron or reflecting prism, the maximal value of the angle of divergence is approximately 60 °, and will assembling lens, to be arranged on the back one-level of composite part very difficult and unrealistic.
In the structure of patent documentation 2, the angle of divergence of outgoing end face can be controlled by the bar-shaped integrating gear that utilization has a wedge-like portion.Yet in the single light source structure, this technology forms wedge-shaped surface by level and the vertical direction at bar-shaped integrating gear, comes the depth of parallelism in level and vertical direction control bundle.That is to say, when patent documentation 2 does not disclose the two light source of a kind of use, the technology that increases at angle of divergence maximal value.
JP?H9-50082A
JP?H11-142780A
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves above-mentioned general issues, and one of them target projecting image displaying appts providing a lighting device and use this lighting device, and this equipment can obtain high brightness and the high uniformity from the multiple light courcess part to the irradiated area.
In order to realize this target, lighting device according to the present invention disposes a Lights section that comprises a lamp and a concave mirror; A bar-shaped integrating gear; And the relay lens system of a bar-shaped integrating gear emitted light beams of guiding; Wherein this bar-shaped integrating gear is that an incident end face is positioned at the cylindricality optical element that front side and outgoing end face are positioned at rear side; Wherein, when long side (long-side) direction of outgoing end face is that horizontal direction and short side (short-side) direction are when being vertical direction, remove in the cylindricality optical element in four sides of front side and rear side, a pair of opposite face forms wedge-shaped surface, between the side of wedge-shaped surface at a predetermined angle the inclination angle toward each other, make in the horizontal direction or the distance between the side of vertical direction increases to the outgoing end face from incident end face; Wherein near the optical convergence that sends of the Lights section and the incident end face that shines bar-shaped integrating gear; And wherein aforementioned two the Lights sections are arranged on horizontal direction or the vertical direction; Be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of this front side and this rear side, be provided with this side part parallel to each other in a pair of opposite flank, another forms wedge-shaped surface to the opposite flank, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes that the distance between two sides in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other; When the normal direction of above-mentioned part parallel to each other is a first direction, and when being second direction perpendicular to the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear and perpendicular to the direction of this first direction: the angle of divergence that two the Lights sections is arranged so that the light of the incident end face that enters this bar-shaped integrating gear has maximal value in this second direction, and the maximal value of this second direction is greater than the maximal value of this first direction.
Secondly, projecting image displaying appts according to the present invention disposes a Lights section that comprises a lamp and a concave mirror; A bar-shaped integrating gear; And the relay lens system of a bar-shaped integrating gear emitted light beams of guiding; Modulation is by the light beam of relay lens system guiding and form the light valve of image; And the projecting lens of the image of projection light valve formation; Wherein bar-shaped integrating gear is that an incident end face is positioned at the cylindricality optical element that front side and outgoing end face are positioned at rear side; Wherein, when the long side direction of outgoing end face is that horizontal direction and short side are when being vertical direction, remove in the cylindricality optical element in four sides of front side and rear side, a pair of opposite flank forms wedge-shaped surface, wherein inclination angle at a predetermined angle, the side of wedge-shaped surface makes in the horizontal direction or the distance between the side of vertical direction increases to the outgoing end face from incident end face toward each other; Wherein near the optical convergence that sends of the Lights section and the incident end face that shines bar-shaped integrating gear; And wherein aforementioned two the Lights sections are arranged on horizontal direction or the vertical direction; Be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of front side and rear side, a pair of opposite flank is provided with this side part parallel to each other, another forms wedge-shaped surface to the opposite flank, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes that the distance between two sides in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other; When the normal direction of above-mentioned part parallel to each other is a first direction, and when being second direction perpendicular to the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear and perpendicular to the direction of this first direction: the angle of divergence that two the Lights sections is arranged so that the light of the incident end face that enters this bar-shaped integrating gear has maximal value in this second direction, and the maximal value of this second direction is greater than the maximal value of this first direction.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the skeleton view of bar-shaped integrating gear according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 A is the top view of bar-shaped integrating gear according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 B is the side view of bar-shaped integrating gear according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the top view of bar-shaped integrating gear according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the side view of bar-shaped integrating gear according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 determines the diagrammatic sketch of the length H of bar-shaped integrating gear according to an embodiment of the invention for explaining;
Fig. 7 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 8 is the side view according to the optical system concept map of the embodiment of the invention 2;
Fig. 9 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Figure 10 A is the detailed view according to the Lights section and the composite part of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Figure 10 B is the amplification diagrammatic sketch according to the bar-shaped integrating gear incident end face of the embodiment of the invention 3;
Figure 11 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 12 is the detailed view according to the Lights section and the composite part of the embodiment of the invention 4;
Figure 13 illustrates the skeleton view of catoptron setting according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 14 A is the top view according to the projecting image displaying appts of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 14 B is the side view of Figure 14 A;
Figure 15 is the skeleton view according to the bar-shaped integrating gear of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 16 A is the top view according to the bar-shaped integrating gear of the embodiment of the invention 5;
Figure 16 B comprises the side view and the left and right sides view of the bar-shaped integrating gear shown in Figure 16 A;
Figure 17 is according to the embodiment of the invention 5, and light incides the top view of the working condition of bar-shaped integrating gear;
Figure 18 is according to the embodiment of the invention 5, and light incides the side view of the working condition of bar-shaped integrating gear;
Figure 19 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of the embodiment of the invention 6;
Figure 20 illustrates the relation of assembling between efficient and the incident angle;
Figure 21 is the concept map of optical system of an example of conventional projecting image displaying appts;
Figure 22 is the top view of an example of conventional bar-shaped integrating gear;
Figure 23 is the side view of an example of conventional bar-shaped integrating gear.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
By lighting device according to the present invention or projecting image displaying appts, utilize bar-shaped long-pending The a pair of wedge-shaped surface of separating device can be controlled the light angle of divergence of outgoing end face, and work as and adopt During two or more the Lights sections, even the angle of divergence of incident end face in the horizontal direction and Vertical Square Upwards be different, the light angle of divergence that can make the outgoing end face in the horizontal direction with the vertical direction base This equates. Owing to this reason, can obtain the light of high brightness and high uniformity. In addition, may Realize device miniaturization.
In lighting device according to the present invention and projecting image displaying appts, be preferably at post Remove in the shape optical element in four sides of front side and rear side, be provided with in a pair of opposite flank A part, described side wherein is parallel to each other, and another forms wedge-shaped surface to opposite face, Inclination angle at a predetermined angle, wherein said side is relative, so that the distance between two sides is from entering Penetrating end face increases to the outgoing end face. Utilize this structure, the side on pair of parallel plane is reflected Light, identical in the light angle of divergence of incident end face and outgoing end face, and a pair of wedge-shaped surface reflection Light, different in the light angle of divergence of incident end face and outgoing end face. When altogether using two light sources During part, can make the light angle of divergence of outgoing end face in the horizontal direction mutually basic with vertical direction Deng, though the light angle of divergence of incident end face in the horizontal direction be different on the vertical direction.
In addition, be preferably and be parallel to this two the Lights sections, two the Lights sections are set in addition, And in the cylindricality optical element, remove in four sides of front side and rear side, the two pairs of opposite faces are shape all Become wedge-shaped surface, wherein inclination angle at a predetermined angle, the side of this wedge-shaped surface is relative, so that Distance between two surfaces increases from incident end face to the outgoing end face. When altogether using four light During the source part, utilize the light angle of divergence that this structure can make the outgoing end face in the horizontal direction and hang down Nogata is to substantially equal, and the light angle of divergence that may be able to make the outgoing end face is less than incident end face The light angle of divergence. This point is especially favourable when hope obtains high-luminance light.
In addition, be preferably when two the Lights sections are first the Lights section and secondary light source part, lighting device further comprises one first reflecting body, be used for the light of first the Lights section is introduced the incident end face of bar-shaped integrating gear, and one second reflecting body, be used for the light of secondary light source part is introduced the incident end face of bar-shaped integrating gear.Utilize this structure,, can when two the Lights sections are set, obtain higher degree of freedom because first reflecting body and second reflecting body are provided.
In addition, from the light of the exit end surface launching of bar-shaped integrating gear, preferably its angle of divergence is basic identical with the maximal value of vertical direction in the horizontal direction.Utilize this embodiment, have the advantage of the light that obtains high brightness and high uniformity.
In addition, the normal direction that is preferably on the pair of parallel plane is a first direction, and when being second direction perpendicular to the center line of bar-shaped integrating gear and perpendicular to the direction of first direction, the setting of two the Lights sections should make the angle of divergence of the light of the incident end face that enters bar-shaped integrating gear have maximal value in second direction, and the maximal value of this second direction is greater than the maximal value of first direction; Reflected by the wedge-shaped surface of bar-shaped integrating gear with the corresponding light of second direction maximal value, reflected by the parallel surface of bar-shaped integrating gear with the corresponding light of first direction maximal value; The light angle of divergence of outgoing end face has maximal value at first direction, and and the maximal value at first direction of incident end face basic identical, the angle of divergence of outgoing end face in the maximal value of second direction less than the angle of divergence of incident end face maximal value in second direction.Utilize this structure, when using the parallel surface of bar-shaped integrating gear, the light angle of divergence that can be controlled on the incident end face vertical direction keeps basic identical, and the wedge-shaped surface of bar-shaped integrating gear can be used for making the light angle of divergence on the outgoing end face horizontal direction to be different from the light angle of divergence on the incident end face horizontal direction.
In addition, being preferably first the Lights section and secondary light source set-up mode partly is that secondary light source partly is positioned on the transmit direction of first the Lights section.
In addition, be preferably lighting device and further comprise a projecting lens, and the optical axis of the concave mirror of two the Lights sections is perpendicular to the optical axis of projecting lens.Utilize this structure, adjust the angle change even install, the Lights section can not tilt yet, and has therefore reduced the possibility of harm light source life, and has increased reliability.
In addition, the set-up mode that is preferably first the Lights section and secondary light source part is, the optical axis of the concave mirror of the optical axis of concave mirror of the Lights section of winning and secondary light source part is not intersected with the center line of bar-shaped integrating gear.Utilize this structure,, can prevent the zone that is not utilized by light by reflecting body is set.
In addition, being preferably first and second reflecting bodys is made up of catoptron that is coated with dielectric substance or prism.
In addition, be preferably, when the angle of optical axis of the center line of bar-shaped integrating gear and concave mirror by a summit of concave mirror is an incident angle; On the incident end face, the angle that is formed by the center line of the outermost zone emitted light beams of the effective aperture of concave mirror and bar-shaped integrating gear is a maximum angular; And the difference between maximum angular and the incident angle is a convergent angle; Incident angle is less than convergent angle.Utilize this structure, can improve device brightness.
In addition, be preferably the ratio of incident angle and convergent angle in minimum 60% and maximum 80% scope.Utilize this structure, can obtain high convergence efficient.
In addition, be preferably, projecting image displaying appts according to the present invention disposes a device that is used to rotate light (turning light), and this device makes the center line rotation of bar-shaped integrating gear emitted light beams around bar-shaped integrating gear, and according to being provided with of light valve light beam is introduced light valve.Utilize this structure,, can improve the light utilization efficiency of light valve because the optically-active device is provided.
At first, utilize Fig. 1 to describe structure and working condition according to the projecting image displaying appts of embodiment 1.Fig. 1 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 1, projecting image displaying appts according to present embodiment disposes two the Lights sections 101 and 102, a bar-shaped integrating gear 1, the relay lens system 4 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 emitted light beams of guiding, a field lens 5, a transmissive light valve 6 is used to modulate the light beam of relay lens system 4 guiding and form image, and a projecting lens 7 is used for the image that projection light valve 6 forms.
Although should be noted that an example that shows projecting image displaying appts in Fig. 1, light beam is with from two the Lights sections 101 and 102 propagation successively to relay lens system 4, and this structure can be a lighting device equally and can independently use.In addition, can further add a projecting lens in the lighting device.For following embodiment, this point is suitable equally.
The Lights section 101 and 102 has identical structure and disposes a light source 2 separately, and a concave mirror 3, and this concave mirror 3 is convergence optical systems, is used for the light that convergent light source 2 sends.An extra-high-pressure mercury vapour lamp, a metal halide lamp, an xenon lamp, or one for example the white lamps of Halogen lamp LED can be used as light source 2.In the example of this figure, concave mirror 3 is oval concave mirror.In addition, bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is formed by the glass material with good thermal impedance.
Fig. 2 is the skeleton view of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and Fig. 3 A is the top view of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.Fig. 3 B comprises side view and left and right sides view.As shown in Figure 2, bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is a cylindricality optical element, comprises an incident end face 130F who is positioned at the front side, an outgoing end face 130B who is positioned at rear side, and four sides (130T, 130U, 130L, and 130R).In side respect to one another, be side 130T and 130U on the direction, be parallel plane (seeing Fig. 3 B).On another direction, be relative side 130L and 130R, two face inclination angles at a predetermined angle are relative, make two side 130L and 130R from incident end face 130F to outgoing end face 130B gradually away from (seeing Fig. 3 A).
Should be noted that in the present embodiment " horizontal direction " is meant the long side direction (direction of arrow among Fig. 2 " a ") of outgoing end face 130B, " vertical direction " is meant the short side direction (direction of arrow among Fig. 2 " b ") of outgoing end face 130B.Among the following embodiment, this point is suitable equally.
That is to say that during from the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of vertical direction, a pair of side 130T is parallel with 130U, yet during from horizontal direction, side 130R and 130L are set to wedge shape, make it to broaden gradually to outgoing end face 130B from incident end face 130F.
In Fig. 1, a pair of the Lights section 101 and two the Lights sections of 102, it comprises lamp 2 and concave mirror 3, is arranged on horizontal direction (direction of arrow " a ").In addition, the light launching centre of the Lights section 101 and 102 lamp 2 is positioned near first focus of concave mirror 3.
In the Lights section 101 and 102 each all is set to become θ with the incident optic angle of incident end face 130F, and each lamp 2 emitted light beams is reflected by concave mirror 3, can be radiated near the incident end face 130F by coalescence then, just second focus of concave mirror 3.Here, " incident optic angle " is meant the angle between the optical axis of the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear and concave mirror 3, and this optical axis is by the summit 3a of concave mirror 3.In example as shown in Figure 1, angle θ is corresponding to the incident optic angle.
Should note, when the reflecting surface that is different from concave mirror 3 is between incident end face 130F and lamp 2, " light that intersects with the summit 3a of concave mirror 3 " is meant that the summit 3a via reflecting surface and concave mirror 3 intersects, and propagation is through crossing the centre line 103 and the light beam of the intersection point of incident end face 130F.
As mentioned above, the incident end face 130F of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is positioned near second focus of concave mirror 3.On vertical and horizontal direction, incident beam is suitably reflected fully by the side of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and launches from the outgoing end face 130B of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.
It below is the description of the groundwork of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.
Fig. 4 is the top view of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and the propagation of incident ray is shown.Fig. 5 is the side view of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and the propagation of incident ray is shown.Fig. 4 shows that incident ray enters incident end face 130F as maximum angular (2 θ) how, then how to be reflected in bar-shaped integrating gear 1 and from outgoing end face 130B outgoing.Here, " maximum angular " is meant one of light source with the light of the incident end face 130F that enters bar-shaped integrating gear 1 corresponding maximum angular.
More specifically, " maximum angular " is meant the outermost zone emitted light beams of effective aperture (effective diameter is R among Fig. 1) of concave mirror 3 and the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, at the angle of incident end face 130F place formation.In example shown in Figure 1, angle θ M is corresponding to maximum angular.
In addition, " convergent angle " here is meant that maximum angular deducts the angle that incident angle obtains.
Suppose that θ MAX is a maximum angular, θ E is an incident angle, and θ c is convergent angle, and above-mentioned relation can be set in following formula (1):
Formula (1) θ MAX=θ E+ θ c
In example shown in Figure 1, incident angle θ E and convergent angle θ c are θ, and maximum angular θ MAX is 2 θ.As shown in Figure 4 and since by a pair of wedge-shaped surface of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 suitably fully the reflection, with the incident ray of maximum angular 2 θ incidents, from outgoing end face 130B to be not equal to the angle θ ' outgoing of maximum angular 2 θ.
On the other hand, in Fig. 5, because by the suitably reflection fully of the pair of parallel side of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, with θ " incident ray of incident, keep and with the angle θ identical with incident angle " outgoing.
For example in Fig. 2 and 3, when the level of significance length of the outgoing end face of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is 7.6mm, key groove is approximately 1.63734 °, length is 56.18624mm, longitudinally in the side through five secondary reflections, and use and to have the glass material of the quartz (refractive index n d=1.45874) of good heat resistance and good optical characteristic as bar-shaped integrating gear 1, so maximum angular 2 θ are that 60 ° incident light is with about 30 ° of outgoing among Fig. 4.In addition, in Fig. 5,30 ° incident light can remain 30 ° of angles and with this angle transmission.
More specifically, as mentioned above, when the incident angle of each concave mirror was 30 °, according to formula (1), the maximum angular of concave mirror 3 was 60 °.When two concave mirrors 3 shown in the structure among Fig. 1, be provided with in the horizontal direction, in the outgoing end face 130F of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 incident, but the maximum emission angle of outgoing end face 130B can be set to about 60 ° to light with 120 ° maximum angular.
On the other hand, when from vertical direction, even two concave mirrors 3 are set, the maximal value of incident end face incident optic angle can be not different when having only a concave mirror 3 yet.Maximal value is 60 °, and light is reflex time in parallel surfaces, keeps this angle transmission, and with 60 ° of outgoing.
Like this, even on incident end face 130F, the maximal value of the incident optic angle of the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of incident is 120 ° in the horizontal direction, and when vertical direction was 60 °, the emission angle of outgoing end face 130B all can be set to about 60 ° in level and vertical direction.
In other words, even when on incident end face 130F, incident beam convergent angle maximal value in the horizontal direction is during greater than the maximal value on the vertical direction, the angle of divergence that outgoing end face 130B goes up the emission light beam also can be set to, and makes the maximal value of horizontal direction and the maximal value approximately equal on the vertical direction.
In addition, by being set, a colour wheel that is made of dichronic mirror (Fig. 1 is not shown) just can obtain colored the demonstration near bar-shaped integrating gear 1 radiating portion, wherein this dichronic mirror is made of the two-phase look color filter that allows the Red transmission at least, thereby and this colour wheel on the basis of time-division, rotate the separation white light.
Should be noted that the characteristic that is plated in the film on the dichronic mirror that constitutes colour wheel is, they are considered to usually support 30 ° incident angle that so in this case, the incident angle of the concave mirror 3 that hope obtains is 30 °.
In addition, if beam incident angle degree difference, each of the horizontal direction of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 and vertical direction to the side on, the number of times that light is suitably reflected respectively fully is also different.And because they merge at exit facet, even have uneven illumination profile at the plane of incidence, light also can superpose at exit facet.The result is exactly that the illuminating bundle in that the outgoing end face 130B of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 obtains can have high homogeneity, and can have the approximate shape that is equal to the desired illumination zone that obtains.
Yet, although can obtain better homogeneity by more times reflection usually, also must emphasize, need consider that maximum emergence angle depends on the order of reflection of key groove and incident ray, thereby determine the structure of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.
Following for utilizing Fig. 6 to determine the description of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 structure.Fig. 6 is the top view of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.In the process of determining bar-shaped integrating gear 1 structure, although describe details successively with reference to formula, also must determine the order of reflection (since then hereinafter referred to as " order of reflection ") of incident ray at wedge-shaped surface 130R and 130L, and obtain key groove θ T and the horizontal length L ' of incident end face 130F, wherein incident beam has maximum incident angle on incident end face 130F.
In addition, need the value of the horizontal length L of outgoing end face 130B, the maximum angular θ MAX of light source, and the refractive index n d of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, but these parameters are constant.This is that maximum angular θ MAX is determined by the incident angle of each the Lights section because length L is to determine according to the factor of constructing such as light valve, and refractive index n d is determined by the material that constitutes bar-shaped integrating gear.In addition, need the value of emission angle theta E equally, but this value is definite according to maximum angular θ MAX, so also be constant.
In Fig. 6, if at incident end face 130F, have that the emission angle of outgoing immediately is assumed to θ ' MAX (degree) after the incident light refraction of maximum angular θ MAX, according to the Snell law, following formula (2) is correct:
Formula (2) 1 * sin θ MAX=nd * sin θ ' MAX
In addition, if at outgoing end face 130B, have that the emission angle of outgoing immediately is assumed to θ ' E (degree) before the incident light refraction of maximum angular θ MAX, the emission angle of outgoing immediately is assumed to θ E (degree) after reflecting on the outgoing end face 130B, according to the Snell law, following formula (3) is correct equally:
Formula (3) 1 * sin θ E=nd * sin θ ' E
In addition, as shown in Figure 6, when the normal with reflecting surface 130R and 130L is the original incident angle θ R1 of reference settings (degree), can explain θ R1 by following formula (4):
Formula (4) θ R1=90-(θ ' MAX-θ T)
In addition, as shown in Figure 6, the normal with reflecting surface 130R and 130L be reference settings corresponding to order of reflection n (n=2,3,4 ...) and incident angle θ Rn the time, can be by following formula (5) statement θ Rn:
Formula (5) θ Rn=θ R1+2 * θ T * (n-1)
When cancellation θ R1 from formula (4) and (5), can obtain following formula (6):
Formula (6) θ Rn=90-(θ ' MAX-θ T)+2 * θ T * (n-1)
On the other hand, the reflection angle θ ' E before outgoing end face 130B refraction is expressed by following formula (7):
Formula (7) θ ' E=90-θ Rn-θ T
Can obtain following formula (8) by transformation for mula (7):
Formula (8) θ Rn=90-θ T-θ ' E
Because θ Rn equates in formula (6) and (8), can obtain following formula (9), can access θ T:
Formula (9) θ T=(θ ' MAX-θ ' E)/2n
On the other hand, keep it in mind, be well known that, front and back in lamp optical system, the product of the surface area of field of illumination and illumination light solid angle is a constant, because similarly, the product of the surface area of the exit facet of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 and illumination light emission angle equals the surface area of transmissive light valve 6 and the product of illumination light solid angle, so the length L of incident end face 130F horizontal direction ' (mm) can be expressed as form.
π×L’×V×sinθMAX×sinθV＝π×L×V×sinθE×sinθV
Notice that V (mm) is the length on the bar-shaped integrating gear vertical direction, θ V (degree) is the maximum incident angle of vertical direction, and L (mm) is the length on the outgoing end face 130B horizontal direction.
Based on this relation, L ' can utilize following formula (10) to determine:
Formula (10) L '=L * sin θ E/sin θ MAX
Like this, by determining key groove θ T and incident end face 130F length L in the horizontal direction ', can determine bar-shaped integrating gear 1 length H (mm) longitudinally by following formula (11):
Formula (11) H=(L-L ')/2tan θ T
As mentioned above, if determine length L, order of reflection n, maximum angular θ MAX, and emission angle theta E may obtain length L ', key groove θ T and length H longitudinally, and thereby can determine the structure of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.
It is noted that structure, can obtain theoretical value by replacing the numerical value that hope obtains in the above-mentioned formula about aforesaid bar-shaped integrating gear 1.Yet, when the elliptical shape of considering concave mirror 3, the tubulose of lamp 2, the light distribution property of lamp, and during the intensity distributions of arc light, require to adjust the theoretical value of length H.
In addition, calculated value has margin tolerance.θ T (degree) in the formula (9) is preferably in following ranges:
[(θ’MAX-θ’)/2n]-1≤θT≤[(θ’MAX-θ’)/2n]+1
In addition, θ T (degree) preferably exists: calculated value ± scope of 5 ' (branch) in.In this scope, the possibility of result is in the tolerance of polishing.
Followingly be description to the example calculation of using above-mentioned formula.For example, use the oval concave mirror with about 30 ° of convergent angles (incident angle) at present comparatively at large, this is for improving brightness and miniaturization has importance.For this reason, according to example calculation, bar-shaped integrating gear 1 has used two oval concave mirrors.In the case, the maximum angular θ MAX according to formula (1) is 60 °.The required value of supposing emission angle theta E is 30 °, obtains 1.63734 ° key groove θ T based on formula (2) to (9).
On the other hand, suppose that according to the size of light valve, outgoing end face 130B side length L in the horizontal direction is 7.6mm, based on formula (10), can determine the length L of incident end face 130F ' be 4.38786mm.
In addition, based on formula (11), may determine that length H is 56.1862490mm.
Yet, noticing that this is with 5 as order of reflection, the refractive index n d of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 calculates under 1.45874 the situation.
When following form illustrates order of reflection n and maximum angular θ MAX variation, key groove θ T, length L ', and the variation of length H.Table 1 illustrates the result of the key groove θ T that is calculated by θ MAX and order of reflection n.Table 2 illustrates the length L of the incident end face 130F that is calculated by θ MAX and exit end face length degree L ' the result.Table 3 illustrates and utilizes key groove θ T, the length L of outgoing end face 130B, and the length L of incident end face 130F ', change order of reflection n and maximum angular θ MAX and the result of the length H that calculates.
In these calculated, the nd of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 was 1.45874, and the emission angle theta E of outgoing end face 130B is 30 °.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
The light beam that sends of the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of Que Dinging is by relay lens system 4 and field lens 5 irradiation transmissive light valves 6 like this, and wherein this relay lens system is made of lens at least.
Based on the electric signal of driving circuit (not shown) output, transmissive light valve 6 display images.Being presented at image on the transmissive light valve 6 is projected lens 7 and amplifies and be transmitted on the screen (not shown).
Utilize present embodiment, (see figure 5) when the light angle of divergence of outgoing end face 130B vertical direction keeps being approximately equal to the light angle of divergence of incident end face 130F vertical direction, the light angle of divergence that can control outgoing end face 130B horizontal direction is different from the light angle of divergence (maximum angular) (see figure 4) of incident end face 130F horizontal direction.
Like this, for example, have 60 ° of maximum angular (2 θ among Fig. 4) about phase center line 103 at incident end face 130F, and the light that has 30 ° of angles of divergence (see θ among Fig. 5 ") in vertical direction with respect to center line 103, the light angle of divergence (θ ' among Fig. 4) of outgoing end face 130B horizontal direction and the light angle of divergence of vertical direction (θ among Fig. 5 ") can be set at equal 30 °.
Therefore, when using two light sources, the light angle of divergence of outgoing end face 130B emission has a maximum angular in the horizontal direction, has a maximum angular in vertical direction, and the two is all 60 °, and can obtain the light of high brightness and high uniformity.About brightness, the brightness that can obtain is approximately uses 1.7 to 1.8 times of the brightness that single light source partly obtains.In addition, be used alternatingly the single light source part, the time till the light source of each the Lights section exhausts increases, and therefore contrasts the equipment that uses single light source, can obtain the light source life of about twice.
Should be noted that, present embodiment is to describe by an example that utilizes projecting image displaying appts, if but use a kind of equipment, it disposes from light source 2 to relay lens system 4 structure at least as lighting device on the direction that light is propagated, a kind of lighting device can be obtained, light can be sent with high brightness and high uniformity.
Fig. 7 is the concept map according to the projecting image displaying appts optical system of embodiment 2.Have the part of same structure with the projecting image displaying appts according to embodiment 1 shown in Figure 1, use identical reference marker, omit the detailed description of these parts here.Contrast structure shown in Figure 1, in the structure shown in Figure 7, two the Lights sections 101 are different with 102 set-up mode, and dispose first reflecting body 48 and second reflecting body 49.
In the present embodiment, combined prism (synthesizing prism) 48 and 49 is used as first and second reflecting bodys.Combined prism 48 and 49 is formed by the glass material with high thermal impedance, and their reflecting surface is coated with the multilayer thin dielectric film with high reflectance.
May use the catoptron that is coated with the multilayer thin dielectric film equally.Yet, when catoptron that uses deposition of aluminum or silver or prism, must before composite part, insert an optical filter to filter ultraviolet light.
The light that first reflecting body 48 sends the Lights section 102 is introduced the incident end face 130F of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and the light that second reflecting body 49 sends the Lights section 101 is introduced the incident end face 130F of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.When viewed from above, the setting of first reflecting body 48 and second reflecting body 49 makes its formation "＞" shape, and opening is towards a side opposite with the incident end face 130F of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 (when it is V-arrangement substantially when incident end face 130F sees).By this setup, the inclination angle of the reflecting surface of first reflecting body 48 and second reflecting body 49 is half of maximum angular.
In the present embodiment, by using first reflecting body 48 and second reflecting body 49, the Lights section 101 is being set and was having higher degree of freedom at 102 o'clock, and in the example of Fig. 7, the Lights section 101 and 102 is set to toward each other in the horizontal direction.That is to say that light source 2 and concave mirror 3 are in the horizontal direction toward each other.Light source 2 emitted light beams are reflected by concave mirror 3, then respectively by first reflecting body 48 and 49 reflections of second reflecting body.Reflected light is assembled and is radiated near the incident end face 130F with angle θ, that is to say, near second focus of concave mirror 3, wherein this angle θ equates with respect to the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.
Fig. 8 is the side view according to the optical system concept map of present embodiment.Dotted portion is illustrated in according to the elevation direction of screen (not shown) position and adjusts the situation that angle 9 is adjusted in assembling.Usually, when light source when optical axis direction tilts, be heated and the influence of other factors, light source life can shorten.In the present embodiment, because two the Lights sections 101 and the optical axis of 102 concave mirror 3 and vertical setting of optical axis of projecting lens 7, therefore the optical axis of the Lights section can not tilt when changing assembling and adjust angle 9.
Like this, utilize present embodiment, though when light source 2 and concave mirror 3 when their optical axis is adjusted the angle rotation at angle 9 with assembling, optical axis position can not change yet, and horizon light can extend and can not change in this ad hoc structure (specification).Owing to this reason, even equipment itself tilts to install, the probability of harm light source life is also minimum, and can obtain the equipment of high reliability.
Fig. 9 is the concept map according to the projecting image displaying appts optical system of embodiment 3.Have the part of same structure with the projecting image displaying appts according to embodiment 1 shown in Figure 1, use identical reference marker, omit the detailed description of these parts here.Note, yet the Lights section 101 and 102 is shown as actual object, and concave mirror 3 shows (following figure is identical) with cross-sectional form.
Contrast structure shown in Figure 1, two the Lights sections 101 in the structure shown in Figure 9 are different with 102 set-up mode, and dispose synthesizing reflection mirror 61 (first reflecting body) and synthesizing reflection mirror 62 (second reflecting body).For example, synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62 is for being coated with the catoptron of multilayer thin dielectric film.
In addition, the structure of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 self is identical with embodiment 1, but comparative example 1 setting, and the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of present embodiment is around central shaft 103 half-twists.
Therefore, when the definition of " vertical direction " and " horizontal direction " described in embodiment 1 was applied to embodiment 3, the horizontal direction in Fig. 9 paper was " vertical direction ", and the direction of vertical paper is " horizontal direction ".
In addition, the reflecting surface of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 tilt in the horizontal direction 15 ° (directions of arrow among Fig. 9 " c "), this angle is half of convergent angle of concave mirror 3, the reflecting surface of synthesizing reflection mirror 62 tilts 15 ° (directions of arrow among Fig. 9 " d ") in the horizontal direction, and this angle is half of convergent angle of concave mirror 3.
Figure 10 A illustrates the equipment shown in Figure 9 of looking from outgoing end face 130B one side of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.As shown in the drawing, the Lights section 101 and 102 setting are not intersected the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 of the optical axis of concave mirror 3 of the Lights section 101 and the Lights section 102 with the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.That is to say that two optical axises separate so that it is parallel, and two optical axises are not crossing with the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.Synthesizing reflection mirror 61 is corresponding with being provided with of the Lights section 101 and 102 with 62 setting.
Figure 10 B is the side view that the incident end face 130F near zone of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is shown.And Figure 13 is the skeleton view of example of the setting of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62, shows that this figure is for the ease of understanding the setting of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62.Utilize these figure, clearly, the light beam that the Lights section 101 and 102 sends is the inclined surface reflection that is synthesized catoptron 61 and 62.
Because the inclination of the reflecting surface of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62, and on the left side and the right of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62, two lamp 2 displacements in the horizontal direction, the light that lamp 2 sends is synthesized catoptron 61 and 62 reflections, and can coalescence be radiated near the incident end face 130F with incident angle θ (30 °), that is to say that near second focus of concave mirror 3, wherein this angle θ equates with respect to the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.
In the case, the light from maximum angular 2 θ (60 °) of concave mirror 3 incides incident end face 130F respectively, makes the incident end face 130F of the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of light incident of 120 ° of maximum angular.Because the wedge-shaped surface of the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 in the present embodiment is arranged on horizontal direction, the light that maximum angular is 120 ° is reflected by wedge-shaped surface, and making may be in the mode identical with embodiment 1, and the maximum emission angle at outgoing end face 130B place is controlled at about 60 °.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, the Lights section 101 and 102 setting are not intersected the optical axis of the concave mirror 3 of the optical axis of concave mirror 3 of the Lights section 101 and the Lights section 102 with the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and the setting of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62 is corresponding therewith.Eliminated the zone that is not utilized (shadow region among Fig. 7) that synthetic prisms among the embodiment 2 produces like this, and therefore can obtain to provide and have more high brightness and the more equipment of the image of high uniformity by light.
In addition, by vertical setting of optical axis,, also can reduce the danger that light source damages, and, can obtain higher reliability as embodiment 2 even when device inclined is installed with optical axis with the projection prism of the concave mirror of two the Lights sections.
Figure 11 is the concept map according to the projecting image displaying appts optical system of embodiment 4.Have the part of same structure with the projecting image displaying appts according to embodiment 1 shown in Figure 1, use identical reference marker, omit the detailed description of these parts here.Figure 12 illustrates the equipment shown in Figure 11 of looking from outgoing end face 130B one side of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.Shown in Figure 11 and 12, press the beam propagation order, the structure from light source 2 to bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is identical with embodiment 4.
As shown in figure 11, bar-shaped integrating gear 1 emitted light beams is by 11, one 12, one field lenses 5 of 4, one completely reflecting mirrors of relay lens system that are made of lens at least of a colour wheel, and a total reflection prism 13, and is radiated on the reflective light valves 14.The light modulated of light valve 14 emissions formation optical imagery.The light beam that light valve 14 sends arrives projecting lens 7 by total reflection prism 13, and the optical imagery that projecting lens 7 projection light valves 14 form.
Near the outgoing end face 130B that colour wheel 11 is arranged on bar-shaped integrating gear 1, can form colored the demonstration.Colour wheel 11 is made of dichronic mirror, and dichronic mirror allows the Red transmission at least, and this colour wheel rotates on the basis of time-division and white light is separated.The characteristic that is used to be plated in the film on the dichronic mirror that constitutes colour wheel 11 is that they it has been generally acknowledged that supports to form 30 ° incident angle, makes in the case, wishes that the incident angle that obtains is 30 °.
Completely reflecting mirror 12 and total reflection prism 13 constitute the device that is used to rotate light, and with following form setting, make that when center line 103 directions of bar-shaped integrating gear were looked, bar-shaped integrating gear 1 emitted light beams be that the center rotates with center line 103.Determine that the anglec of rotation is complementary the setting of itself and reflective light valves 14, and in the example of Figure 11, be 90 °.
Utilize this structure, the illumination light of the outgoing end face 130B of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 emission is being rotated irradiation reflective light valves 14 under 90 ° the situation.Can be by total reflection prism 13 and the boundary angle (the angle of the boundary with the atmosphere) of air and the angle initialization of completely reflecting mirror 12 be adjusted rotation angle for wishing the angle that obtains, wherein total reflection prism 13 utilizes total reflection that light beam is introduced reflective light valves 14.
The device that is used to rotate light of configuration has improved the convergence rate like this.For example, although in that reflective light valves 14 is had aspect enough surface areas is no problem, that is to say, the short side that can guarantee the exit facet of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 has enough length, but in order to make equipment miniaturization, light valve also needs miniaturization, and for example at the reflective light valves that uses catercorner length as 17.78mm, making the convergent angle of illumination light be suitable for F value (F-number) is 2 o'clock, must make the short side length of the exit facet of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 be about 6mm.In the case, based on the short side length of the exit facet of about 6mm, use key groove further to shorten plane of incidence length and reduced the convergence rate.
Be head it off, by on the long side length of bar-shaped integrating gear, key groove being set and improving the convergence rate, and by a kind of structure of equipment, completely reflecting mirror 12 and total reflection prism 13 rotation illumination light in this structure are so that be complementary with the setting of reflective light valves, thereby can improve the light utilization efficiency of reflective light valves significantly, and obtain to have more high brightness and inhomogeneity lighting device, can obtain to dispose simultaneously the projecting image displaying appts of this lighting device.
Note, yet, as everyone knows, front and back in lamp optical system, the product of field of illumination surface area and illumination light solid angle is a constant, the surface area of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 exit facet and the product of illumination light emission angle equal the surface area of transmissive light valve 14 and the product of illumination light solid angle certainly.
In addition, as shown in figure 12, as embodiment 3, the optical axis of the optical axis of the Lights section 101 and 102 the concave mirror that is arranged so that the Lights section 101 3 and the concave mirror 3 of the Lights section 102 does not intersect with the center line 103 of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, and being provided with of synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62 is corresponding.This makes and can obtain to have more high brightness and the more image of high uniformity.
When bar-shaped integrating gear around center line 103 rotation, and when being provided with in the mode in the present embodiment, the setting of two left sides and right lamp 2 also changes according to rotation angle.Even in the case, if in holding position relation, the Lights section 101 shown in Figure 12 and 102 and synthesizing reflection mirror 61 and 62 around center line 103 rotations, the setting of the bar-shaped integrating gear of above-mentioned rotation also can be provided.
In addition, reflective light valves 14 is made of digital mirror device, and based on the electric signal display image of driving circuit (not shown) output, wherein this mirror device is the set of micro-reflector.The image that reflective light valves 14 shows is exaggerated and projects on the screen (not shown) by total reflection prism 13 and projecting lens 7.
Each of the foregoing description all has two the Lights sections, but embodiment 5 is examples that use four the Lights sections.Figure 14 A is the top view according to the projecting image displaying appts of embodiment 5, and Figure 14 B is a side view.
Projecting image displaying appts according to present embodiment disposes four the Lights sections 201 to 204, a bar-shaped integrating gear 20, the relay lens system 4 of bar-shaped integrating gear 20 emitted light beams of guiding, a field lens 5, transmissive light valve 6 is used to modulate the light beam that relay lens system 4 sends and forms image, and the image that projecting lens 7 projection light valves 6 form.The center line of the bar-shaped integrating gear 20 of reference marker 206 expressions.
The Lights section 201 to 204 has identical structure and disposes a light source 200 respectively, and as the concave mirror 205 of convergence optical system, it is used for the light that convergent light source 2 sends.Contrast structure shown in Figure 1, the number of the Lights section is different, but the structure of each the Lights section is identical with the Lights section among Fig. 1.
Figure 15 is the skeleton view of bar-shaped integrating gear 20, and Figure 16 A is a top view, and Figure 16 B comprises side view and left and right sides view.As shown in figure 15, bar-shaped integrating gear 20 is cylindricality optical elements, comprises an incident end face 230F who is positioned at the front side, an outgoing end face 230B who is positioned at rear side, and four sides (230T, 230U, 230L, and 230R).
Contrast the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of the foregoing description shown in Figure 2, in two pairs of opposite flanks, have only a pair of side 130L and 130R, form wedge-shaped surface, and in the present embodiment, two pairs of sides all form wedge-shaped surface.
That is to say that relative side 230L is relative with 230R inclination angle at a predetermined angle, make two side 230L and 230R from incident end face 230F to outgoing end face 230B gradually away from (seeing Figure 16 A).This is same be suitable for (seeing Figure 16 B) for facing surfaces 230T and 230U.
As mentioned above, the incident end face 230F of bar-shaped integrating gear 20 is arranged near second focus of concave mirror 205, incident light is suitably reflected fully in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of bar-shaped integrating gear 20, and from the outgoing end face 230B outgoing of bar-shaped integrating gear 20.
In Figure 14 A, two the Lights sections 201 and the 202 a pair of horizontal directions of forming (direction of arrow " a ") that are arranged on.What in the case, two the Lights sections 203 and 204 were formed a pair ofly is arranged on after the paper with the same manner.In addition, in Figure 14 B, two the Lights sections 201 and the 203 a pair of vertical direction of forming (direction of arrow " b ") that are arranged on.What in the case, two the Lights sections 202 and 204 were formed a pair ofly is arranged on after the paper with the same manner.
In the present embodiment, have four the Lights sections, two are arranged on horizontal direction, and two are arranged on vertical direction.
That is to say that the structure of the Lights section of embodiment 5 has two the Lights sections that are arranged on horizontal direction or vertical direction, and the Lights section of other two settings in parallel.In present embodiment 5, the Lights section is provided with according to two pairs of wedge-shaped surface, and one co-exists in four the Lights sections.
It below is the description of the groundwork of bar-shaped integrating gear 20.Figure 17 is the top view of bar-shaped integrating gear 20, and the propagation of incident ray is shown.Figure 18 is the side view of bar-shaped integrating gear 20, and the propagation of incident ray is shown.
Figure 17 illustrates incident ray and is incident to incident end face 230F as maximum angular (2 θ) how, then in bar-shaped integrating gear 20 internal reflections, and from outgoing end face 230B outgoing.As shown in figure 17, because by the wedge-shaped surface 230L of bar-shaped integrating gear 20 and suitably reflection fully of 230R, with θ ' outgoing, wherein θ ' is different from maximum angular 2 θ to the incident ray of maximum angular 2 θ from outgoing end face 230B.
This situation also is identical in Figure 18.With θ ' outgoing, because by suitably reflection fully of the wedge-shaped surface 230T of bar-shaped integrating gear 20 and 230U, so θ ' is different from maximum angular 2 θ to the incident ray of maximum angular 2 θ from outgoing end face 230B.
In other words, utilize present embodiment, the incident ray at the incident ray at 2 θ angles of horizontal direction and 2 θ angles of vertical direction all from outgoing end face 230B with θ ' outgoing.
Because present embodiment has altogether nearly four the Lights sections, as mentioned above in the horizontal direction and vertical direction, can make the light angle of divergence of the light angle of divergence of outgoing end face less than incident end face, in the light time that requires to obtain high brightness, this point is favourable.
Utilize example to describe embodiment 1, wherein the incident angle of the light of the bar-shaped integrating gear 1 of incident and convergent angle equate, but in embodiment 6, incident angle is less than convergent angle.
Figure 19 is the top view according to the optical system concept map of embodiment 6.Except the relation of incident angle and convergent angle, this structure that illustrates is identical with the structure of embodiment 1 shown in Figure 1, therefore use with Fig. 1 in the same reference marker, and the deep description of omitting each part.
In Figure 19, θ E is an incident angle, and θ C is a convergent angle.In the structure of this figure, incident angle θ E is less than convergent angle θ C.
In the present embodiment, 2 θ of incident end face 130F are θ E+ θ C among Fig. 4, and 130B becomes θ ' at the outgoing end face, and is similar with embodiment 1, and θ ' is different from the angle of incident end face 130F.In addition, as shown in Figure 5, similarly, with incident angle θ " keep and transmission, outgoing then.
For example, maximum angular θ E+ θ C is that the incident light of 51 ° (θ E=21 °) is with about 30 ° emission angle theta ' outgoing.In the case, the level of significance length of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 exit facet is made as 7.5mm, key groove is about 1.51848 °, length is 50.4485mm, order of reflection on vertical side is 4, and the quartz (refractive index n d=1.45859) that will have good thermal impedance and an optical characteristics is used as the glass material of bar-shaped integrating gear 1.In addition, as the incident angle θ among Fig. 5 " when being 30 °, light keeps this angle transmission, and with 30 ° of angle outgoing.
Following table 4 illustrates under the different incidence angles, key groove θ T, plane of incidence length L ', bar-shaped integrating gear length M and assemble the calculated value that efficiency standard turns to maximal value 1.The effective length of bar-shaped integrating gear exit facet is the level of significance length of 7.5mm and effective vertical length of 5.8mm, and uses a desirable substantially relay lens system when calculating the convergence efficiency value.In addition, order of reflection is set at 3,4 and 5.
In the example of table 4, convergent angle θ C is fixed as 30 °, and it is that increment changes that incident angle θ E spends with 3 from 15 ° to 30 °.Except when incident angle θ E is 30 °, the pass between the two is that incident angle is less than convergent angle.Letter e is the convergence rate in the table 4.Use the simulation softward of assessment lamp optical system to calculate the convergence rate, wherein with modelings such as optical device such as light source, lens and catoptrons, to determine to wish to arrive the light amount of screen, wherein with the ray cast of light emitted to this screen.Each group corresponding to the order of reflection in the bar-shaped integrating gear is provided with, and the numerical standard shown in the table 4 turns to maximal value 1.
Table 4
Figure 20 utilizes the numerical value of table 4, and the relation of convergence rate and incident angle is shown.Transverse axis θ is an incident angle, and Z-axis E is the convergence rate.
In Figure 19, when the θ on the transverse axis was 30 °, convergent angle also was 30 °, but under other situations, incident angle θ is less than convergent angle.Among Figure 20 as can be seen, convergence rate minimum during the θ on transverse axis=30 °, incident angle and convergent angle equate in the case, obtain maximal value when incident angle is set at θ=21 °, are 70% of convergent angle.
In other words, according to table 4 and Figure 20, significantly,, can improve device brightness when incident angle during less than convergent angle.In the case, when the ratio of incident angle θ and convergent angle was in the scope of minimum 60% (θ=18 °) and maximum 80% (θ=24 °), convergence rate demonstrated the numerical value of excellence especially.
Although it is noted that described herein is the situation that is used to use two light sources, it equally also is applicable to the structure of using four light sources, as embodiment 5.
In addition, in the structure of the foregoing description, the a pair of opposite flank of bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is a parallel plane, another is with pre-determined tilt angle plane respect to one another to the opposite flank, bar-shaped integrating gear 1 is arranged so that at least a portion of a pair of opposite flank is that parallel plane forms, and another at least a portion to the opposite flank is to form with pre-determined tilt angle plane respect to one another.This is because emission angle can be narrowed the angle that hope obtains, and can reflect between with pre-determined tilt angle pair of planar respect to one another by making light beam, obtains evenly illumination.This is equally applicable to embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 on the one hand.
In addition, must polish the outgoing end face 130B of bar-shaped integrating gear during fabrication.Yet, in polishing process, the end of bar-shaped integrating gear 1, just four of outgoing end face 130B edges and four angles are cracked sometimes.The fragment portion size may be 0.1mm or bigger.
Illumination uniformity can be subjected to the negative effect of outgoing end face 130B fragment, may occur inhomogeneous in illumination.
Owing to this reason, be preferably, utilization is the additional length L 1 that extra length is arranged on the required standard length L on four limits of bar-shaped integrating gear, determines the shape of bar-shaped integrating gear.Like this, can prevent to influence the negative effect illumination uniformity by the cracked generation at four edges of outgoing end face 130B and four angles.Additional length is for example in the scope of 0.2mm.This point is equally applicable to embodiment 1 to embodiment 5.
In addition, describe bar-shaped integrating gear in the foregoing description by the example that utilizes glass material, but it may be the cylindricality optical element of hollow equally, and have four inner wall surface that form by catoptron.Incident beam in this structure is equally by the suitably reflection fully of the catoptron of inner wall surface.
Commercial Application
As mentioned above, utilize the present invention, send out because can control the light of outgoing end face horizontal direction Loose the angle so that be different from the light angle of divergence of incident end face horizontal direction, therefore can obtain to have height The light of brightness and high uniformity. Owing to this reason, be equipped with the illumination dress of bar-shaped integrating gear Put with projecting image displaying appts in, the present invention is very useful.
Claims (17)
1, a kind of lighting device comprises:
The Lights section that comprises a lamp and a concave mirror;
Bar-shaped integrating gear; And
Guiding is from the relay lens system of this bar-shaped integrating gear emitted light beams;
Wherein this bar-shaped integrating gear is a cylindricality optical element, has an incident end face and an outgoing end face that is positioned at rear side that is positioned at the front side;
Wherein, be horizontal direction and short side direction when being vertical direction at the long side direction of this outgoing end face:
Be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of front side and rear side, a pair of opposite flank forms wedge-shaped surface, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface toward each other, make in the horizontal direction or on the vertical direction, the distance between the side in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face;
Wherein near the optical convergence that sends of this Lights section and the incident end face that is radiated at this bar-shaped integrating gear; And
Wherein two described the Lights sections are arranged on horizontal direction or vertical direction;
Be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of this front side and this rear side, be provided with this side part parallel to each other in a pair of opposite flank, another forms wedge-shaped surface to the opposite flank, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes that the distance between two sides in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other;
When the normal direction of above-mentioned part parallel to each other is a first direction, and when being second direction perpendicular to the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear and perpendicular to the direction of this first direction:
The angle of divergence that two the Lights sections is arranged so that the light of the incident end face that enters this bar-shaped integrating gear has maximal value in this second direction, and the maximal value of this second direction is greater than the maximal value of this first direction.
2. lighting device according to claim 1, wherein, be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of this front side and this rear side, opposite flank centering at the short side direction of this outgoing end face is provided with this side part parallel to each other, and in the opposite flank of the long side direction of this outgoing end face to forming wedge-shaped surface, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes that the distance between two sides in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other.
3, lighting device according to claim 1, when described two the Lights sections are first the Lights section and secondary light source part, further comprise: first reflecting body is used for the light that this first the Lights section sends is guided to the incident end face of this bar-shaped integrating gear; And second reflecting body, be used for the light that this secondary light source partly sends is guided to the incident end face of this bar-shaped integrating gear.
4, lighting device according to claim 1, wherein from the angle of divergence of the light of the exit end surface launching of this bar-shaped integrating gear, the maximal value in the horizontal direction and the maximal value of vertical direction are equal substantially.
5, lighting device according to claim 3, wherein this first the Lights section and this secondary light source are arranged so that partly this secondary light source partly is positioned on the transmit direction of this first the Lights section.
6, lighting device according to claim 5 further comprises a projecting lens, and wherein the optical axis of the concave mirror of two these the Lights sections is vertical with the optical axis of this projecting lens.
7, lighting device according to claim 5, wherein this first the Lights section and this secondary light source are arranged so that partly the optical axis of the concave mirror of the optical axis of concave mirror of this first the Lights section and this secondary light source part does not intersect with the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear.
8, lighting device according to claim 1;
Wherein, when the angle between the optical axis of the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear and this concave mirror by a summit of described concave mirror is incident angle;
By outermost zone institute's emitted light beams of the effective aperture of this concave mirror with to pass the angle that the optical axis of this concave mirror on this concave mirror summit forms be convergent angle; Then:
This incident angle is less than this convergent angle.
9, lighting device according to claim 8, wherein the ratio of this incident angle and this convergent angle is in minimum 60% and maximum 80% scope.
10, projecting image displaying appts comprises:
The Lights section that comprises a lamp and a concave mirror;
Bar-shaped integrating gear;
Guiding is from the relay lens system of this bar-shaped integrating gear emitted light beams;
Modulation is by the light beam of this relay lens system guiding and form the light valve of image; And
The projecting lens of the image that this light valve of projection forms;
Wherein this bar-shaped integrating gear is a cylindricality optical element, has an incident end face and an outgoing end face that is positioned at rear side that is positioned at the front side;
Wherein, when the long side direction of this outgoing end face be horizontal direction and short side direction when being vertical direction:
Be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of this front side and rear side, a pair of opposite flank forms wedge-shaped surface, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes between the side in this wedge-shaped surface in the horizontal direction or the distance of vertical direction increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other;
Wherein near the optical convergence that sends of this Lights section and the incident end face that shines this bar-shaped integrating gear; And
Wherein said two the Lights sections are arranged on horizontal direction or the vertical direction;
Be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of front side and rear side, a pair of opposite flank is provided with this side part parallel to each other, another forms wedge-shaped surface to the opposite flank, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes that the distance between two sides in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other;
When the normal direction of above-mentioned part parallel to each other is a first direction, and when being second direction perpendicular to the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear and perpendicular to the direction of this first direction:
The angle of divergence that two the Lights sections is arranged so that the light of the incident end face that enters this bar-shaped integrating gear has maximal value in this second direction, and the maximal value of this second direction is greater than the maximal value of this first direction.
11, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 10, wherein, be different from this cylindricality optical element in four sides of this front side and this rear side, opposite flank centering at the short side direction of this outgoing end face is provided with this side part parallel to each other, and in the opposite flank of the long side direction of this outgoing end face to forming wedge-shaped surface, inclination angle at a predetermined angle, side in this wedge-shaped surface makes that the distance between two sides in this wedge-shaped surface increases to this outgoing end face from this incident end face toward each other.
12, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 10, when described two the Lights sections are first the Lights section and secondary light source part, further comprise, first reflecting body, be used for the light that this first the Lights section sends is guided to the incident end face of this bar-shaped integrating gear, and second reflecting body, be used for the light that this secondary light source partly sends is guided to the incident end face of this bar-shaped integrating gear.
13, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 12, wherein this first the Lights section and this secondary light source are arranged so that partly this secondary light source partly is positioned on the transmit direction of this first the Lights section.
14, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 13 further comprises a projecting lens, and the optical axis of the concave mirror of wherein said two the Lights sections is vertical with the optical axis of described projecting lens.
15, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 13, wherein said first the Lights section and described secondary light source are arranged so that partly the optical axis of the concave mirror of the optical axis of concave mirror of this first the Lights section and this secondary light source part does not intersect with the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear.
16, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 10,
When wherein, being incident angle when the center line of this bar-shaped integrating gear and by the angle between this concave mirror optical axis on this concave mirror summit;
By outermost zone institute's emitted light beams of the effective aperture of this concave mirror with to pass the angle that the optical axis of this concave mirror on this concave mirror summit forms be convergent angle; Then:
This incident angle is less than this convergent angle.
17, projecting image displaying appts according to claim 10 comprises a device that is used to rotate light, and this device makes from this bar-shaped integrating gear emitted light beams rotation, and according to being provided with of this light valve light beam is guided to this light valve.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP295547/2002 | 2002-10-09 | ||
| JP2002295547 | 2002-10-09 | ||
| JP142489/2003 | 2003-05-20 | ||
| JP325810/2003 | 2003-09-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1703654A CN1703654A (en) | 2005-11-30 |
| CN100559260C true CN100559260C (en) | 2009-11-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003801012627A Expired - Lifetime CN100559260C (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-08 | Lighting device and the projection image display that uses this lighting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100559260C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104407495A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-11 | 成都思邦力克科技有限公司 | Projector |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4516622B2 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2010-08-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Projection display |
| JP5274528B2 (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2013-08-28 | シャープ株式会社 | Pseudo-sunlight irradiation device and solar panel inspection device |
| CN106569380B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2019-04-16 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Light feeding mechanism and optical projection system |
| CN108169135A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-06-15 | 谱诉光电科技（苏州）有限公司 | Spectrum detection instrument |
| CN109581641A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-05 | 武汉沃亿生物有限公司 | The lighting system of structure light micro-imaging |
-
2003
- 2003-10-08 CN CNB2003801012627A patent/CN100559260C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104407495A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-11 | 成都思邦力克科技有限公司 | Projector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1703654A (en) | 2005-11-30 |
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