CN100581130C - Network packet switching method facing connection and non-connection - Google Patents
Network packet switching method facing connection and non-connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN100581130C CN100581130C CN200510132859A CN200510132859A CN100581130C CN 100581130 C CN100581130 C CN 100581130C CN 200510132859 A CN200510132859 A CN 200510132859A CN 200510132859 A CN200510132859 A CN 200510132859A CN 100581130 C CN100581130 C CN 100581130C
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Abstract
The packet switching method facing connection or connectionless network comprises: building packet switching network faced connection or connectionless, allocating global fixed address to the node on packet switching network; on the entry node of the network, generating packet head according to load information of user data packet/flow, transmitting the packet head in the network or routing the user data packet/flow; on the exit node, separating the packet head to recovery the load information. This invention has advances in service quality and security and expansibility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of network packet switching method, and be particularly related to a kind of towards connecting and connectionless network packet switching method.
Background technology
The network exchange technology comprises three classes at present: connection-oriented circuit switching (ConnectionOriented Circuit Switching, hereinafter to be referred as co-cs) technology, connection-oriented packet switch (Connection Oriented Packet Switching, hereinafter to be referred as co-ps) technology and towards connectionless packet switch (Connectionless packet switching is hereinafter to be referred as cl-ps) technology.At present typical co-ps technology comprises asynchronous transfer mode (Asynchronous Transfer Mode is hereinafter to be referred as ATM) and X.25 waits that typical cl-ps technology comprises IP and Ethernet (Ethernet) etc.(the International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication standardization sector of standardization department of international telecommunication union telecommunication, abbreviation ITU-T) G.805 and G.809 suggestion has described the function structure of these two kinds of technology respectively, and be example with ATM, IP and ethernet technology in the appendix A G.809, the attribute of the two is analyzed and compared.
In the co-ps technology, before the user wished by co-ps network transmission information flow, the feature of the necessary negotiation information of customer objective ground (application layer) and network was as peak value and mean bit rate.According to the result who consults, the connection management system explicitly of co-ps is terminal use's load distribution Internet resources.If in atm network, be exactly to distribute Virtual Path Identifier/virtual path identifiers (Virtual Path Identifier/Virtual Connection Identifier for this information flow request, hereinafter to be referred as VPI/VCI), utilize the related server layer network pipeline of this sign, user terminal is coupled together.Solution is in the establishment of connection stage to the competition of bottom-layer network resource, not necessarily can all solve the problem of resource contention certainly at the connection establishment stage of co-ps, because a plurality of subscriber endpoints may shared network resource.The flow parameter in network based each whole world and for connecting the situation of the network layer resource distributed decides or refuses distribution server layer resource.In the co-ps technology, the network identifier that connects the establishment stage distribution is used to do exchange, and the network core node need keep the network identification information of each request that is distributed, and every exchange work that all needs to do network identifier through a node.Therefore, network identifier only has local significance.In addition, the user can not limit or select employed VPI/VCI, that is to say that network has the multiplexing and swapace of this identifier.The another one characteristics that can draw in view of the above be network by carrying out the distribution of VPI/VCI, the information that the client provided can be kept apart.Because be the process of the distribution network identifier of network execution, therefore can be easily to certain some interception and supervision customer information in the network.
In the cl-ps technology, service model (hereinafter to be referred as Best effort) the IP agreement of mode of doing one's best is based on the forwarding (non-source routing mode) of destination, the user can send an IP bag, and do not need prior and network or the negotiation of destination user terminal, there is not resource reservation process end to end.Source and destination address (network addressing symbol) is to be added up by the source user terminal of sending the IP bag, is included in the IP head.The border that does not have user and network, user-network interface (User-NetworkInterface is called for short UNI) and Network-Network interface (Network-Network Interface is called for short NNI) are not distinguished.The source and destination address all has global sense, and the routing table of each query router oneself is done forwarding based on destination address to the destination address of estimating.Each bag all uses identical process independent process, that is to say that network is not each user's maintenance of state information.The User IP bag is competed server layer resource between the router liberally according to the content of routing table (such as present network topology and congested).The change of network topology and load will be embodied in the renewal of routing table.IP network is used the state of Routing Protocol maintaining routing list.Because between network and client terminal, do not have visibility point and have information, so network can't monitor these business.
Hence one can see that, in the co-ps technology, owing to need in the node in the middle of the network, keep the state information of every connection, therefore the problem that has autgmentability usually, more fine-grained QoS (Quality of Service also just can not be provided, hereinafter to be referred as QoS) guarantee, otherwise the state information of intermediate node can be too many; In the cl-ps mode, owing to the process that does not connect, therefore can't predict the resource situation of network and purpose terminal, QoS is difficult to strict guarantee.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind ofly to make it have the advantage of co-ps technology aspect QoS and safety assurance towards connecting and connectionless network packet switching method, the while can reach the autgmentability of cl-ps technology.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of towards connecting and connectionless network packet switching method (being referred to as cx-ps temporarily), comprises that connection-oriented network packet exchanges and towards connectionless network packet exchange, this method comprises at least:
Foundation is towards connecting and connectionless packet network, for the node of this packet network distributes the fixed address with global sense in an orderly manner.
Ingress node in above-mentioned packet network, according to towards connecting user data package/stream or generate above-mentioned packet network packet header, and in above-mentioned packet network, do forwarding or the above-mentioned user data package of route/stream by the address in the above-mentioned packet network packet header towards the load information of connectionless user data package/stream.
The business (as information retrieval, IP phone, video conference etc.) that above-mentioned packet network will have different user data bag/stream is divided into some types of service (as real-time interactive service, real-time nonreciprocal business, non real-time interactive service, non real-time nonreciprocal business etc.) with identical forwarding behavior, its network node is supported to set up, safeguard and remove at the connection of the above-mentioned type of service of every class, and do the reservation and the management of Internet resources in this process.
Peel off above-mentioned packet network packet header at the Egress node of above-mentioned packet network, recover towards connection user data package/stream or towards there not being the load information that connects user data package/stream.
Above-mentioned packet network is some types of service with identical forwarding behavior with the delineation of activities of different user data bag/stream, and is the static or configuration network resources dynamically of these types of service; According to the service feature of different user data bag/stream, different user data package/stream will be assigned with and use identical or different type of service.
According to the type of service that user and above-mentioned packet network are ordered or consulted, up to above-mentioned packet network outlet, initiate once request, the feature of consulting user data package/stream from above-mentioned packet network inlet.
According to the feature of user data package/stream of consulting, the state of above-mentioned packet network is checked from the outlet that enters the mouth edge-to-edge by the connection management system of above-mentioned packet network, and user data package/stream explicitly distributes above-mentioned packet network resource for this reason.
Above-mentioned packet network is according to each professional flow parameter and for connecting the situation of the network layer resource of having distributed, and agrees or refusal is above-mentioned user profile bag/flow distribution resource.
Above-mentioned packet network node is left Internet resources situation and each the professional already used resource information that each type of service is reserved.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, connect the business of supporting for needs, as the business that needs QoS to guarantee, above-mentioned packet network has establishment of connection, maintenance and demolishing process, and in this process, do the reservation and the management work of resource, therefore have the advantage of co-ps technology aspect the QoS assurance, solved typical cl-ps (as IP and Ethernet) QoS and safety problem that technology faced.Simultaneously, because used global address, need in network node, not keep the state information of each request, and then can reach the autgmentability of cl-ps technology, solve present typical co-ps (as the ATM) scaling concern that technology faced.Packet network of the present invention can adapt to heterogeneous networks client's needs, provides different mode of operation with multiple business such as carrying co-ps, cl-ps or co-cs emulation.
State with other purpose, feature and advantage and can become apparent on the present invention for allowing, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and conjunction with figs. are described in detail below.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the typical bearing mode of the packet network among the present invention to IP operation;
Fig. 2 is a kind of preferred embodiment FB(flow block) of the inventive method.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, (be called for short: IP bag/stream) to serve be that example provides two kinds of mode of operations: pattern 1 and pattern 2 in transmission to provide IP user's packet/stream based on the destination with packet network of the present invention.Pattern 1 is operated under the Best effort mode, and IP bag/stream does not need QoS to guarantee; Pattern 2 is operated in quality of service policy (hereinafter to be referred as QoS Policy) control down, and IP bag/stream needs QoS to guarantee.
As shown in Figure 2, the load information of the IP bag/stream that the user sends is generally understood and oneself is had source and destination IP address (network addressing symbol), when a co-ps or a cl-ps load that comprises high-level business information arrives packet network of the present invention porch, packet network generates the packet header of packet network of the present invention according to IP bag/stream loading information, for example, source and destination in the IP bag/stream loading information is done inquiry and work such as translation, the packet network of the present invention address of the source and destination address correspondence of IP bag/stream therewith attached to the front, packet header of above-mentioned IP bag/stream to generate packet network of the present invention packet header.Packet network source and destination of the present invention address can be comprised in the packet header that generates, also some out of Memory, for example type of service, priority etc. can be comprised.
Pattern 1: be operated under the Best effort mode.Under this mode of operation, user terminal or network send IP bag/stream and give before the packet network of the present invention, do not need to consult with packet network of the present invention (comprising all nodes that export from entering the mouth to), do not have resource reservation process end to end.Therefore, after User IP bag/stream has generated packet network of the present invention packet header, in packet network of the present invention, will do forwarding according to newly-generated packet network address.The source and destination address all has global sense, and the routing table of the querying node of each packet network of the present invention oneself is done forwarding based on destination address to the destination address of estimating.Each user data package/stream all uses identical process independent process, that is to say, network is not each user's maintenance of state information, and each node under this pattern in the packet network of the present invention is transmitted user data package/stream according to the cl-ps mode.
Peel off the packet network of the present invention packet header that generates at inlet in the exit of packet network of the present invention, comprise and peel off source and destination packet network of the present invention address, revert to original IP bag/stream, continue to work according to the mode of IP.IP bag/stream is according to routing table, for example according to the server layer resource between present network topology and the congestion condition competition router.Because obvious border is arranged, so packet network of the present invention can monitor these business between packet network of the present invention and user terminal.
Pattern 1 is compared with the IP mode of operation in the background technology, just generates and export the packet header of peeling off place's packet network of the present invention in the porch.At IP, the package switching method of the present invention under this pattern is a kind of bearing technology of cl-ps mode, and Fig. 1 has provided the typical bearing mode of packet network of the present invention to IP operation.
Pattern 2: be operated under the QoS Policy pattern, continue as shown in Figure 2, determine at first whether the node in the packet network has set up the pairing packet switch connection of type of service in the load, do not exist as connecting, the node of packet network carries out network resource request, connect, each node is this type of traffic assignments and reserving network resources on the way; This professional resource requirement of deduction in connection; User data package/stream is transmitted in node pointwise on the access path; After this user data package/flow to the Egress node that reaches packet network, from bag, separate load, and remove and connect, return the resource that this business takies in connection; If when last during this business connects by this type of professional corresponding packet network was professional, packet network was removed this and is connected, and is released to the Internet resources that this type of business is distributed.Exist if connect, then to judge in the connection of this type of business whether also have this professional resource requirement; If this professional resource requirement is arranged, repeat the above-mentioned professional resource requirement this time of in connection, deducting, until being released to the steps such as Internet resources that this type of business is distributed.If there is not this professional resource requirement, then refusal is this traffic assignments resource, and denial of service abandons this bag.
In pattern 2, packet network of the present invention is with different business, for example information retrieval, IP phone, video conference etc., be divided into some types of service with identical forwarding behavior, for example real-time, interactive business, in real time nonreciprocal business, non real-time interactive service, non real-time nonreciprocal business etc., its network node is supported to set up, safeguard and remove at the connection of the above-mentioned type of service of every class, and do the reservation and the management of Internet resources in this process.The notion that this and the IP every redirect in differentiated service (Differentiated service is called for short Diffserv) is distributed as is similar, and is static or dynamically dispose certain Internet resources for these types of service.According to User IP bag/stream or professional feature, different User IP bag/stream or professional will being assigned with are used identical or different type of service.According to the type of service that user and packet network of the present invention are ordered or consulted, up to outlet, initiate once request from packet network inlet of the present invention, the feature of consulting User IP packets of information/stream is as peak value, mean bit rate, priority etc.According to the result who consults, packet network connection management of the present invention system is from the outlet that enters the mouth, edge-to-edge is checked the state of packet network of the present invention (every jumping) (Edge to Edge), and User IP bag/stream explicitly distributes packet network resource of the present invention for this reason.Solution is in the establishment of connection stage to the competition of bottom-layer network resource.Packet network of the present invention is according to global at every turn flow parameter and for connecting the situation of the network layer resource of having distributed, and agreeing or refusing is User IP bag/flow distribution Internet resources.
Packet network node of the present invention is left the professional reserved resource situation of every class and each professional already used resource information, and do not keep the state information of each request, that is to say that packet network of the present invention is to come state information that reservation of resource uses according to type of service.
Because packet network identifier of the present invention has global sense, network node is made can't change (exchange) " network identifier " through its user's load when transmitting, the user can not limit or select the address of the packet network of the present invention of using, that is to say that network has the multiplexing and swapace of this identifier, therefore network can be kept apart the information that the client provided by the distribution of executive address.
Because be to distribute packet network of the present invention address in an orderly manner, and the process of network execution distribution network identifier, therefore certain in network point interception very easily and supervision customer information.
Can find, the work of the ATM that introduces in this pattern and the background technology was closely similar originally, just the network identifier (packet network of the present invention address) that does not need the increase of switching access node to get in packet network node of the present invention does not need to be each IP information flow reserved state information yet.For the IP operation that original carrying needs QoS to guarantee, the package switching method of the present invention under this pattern is a kind of bearing technology of co-ps mode.
Packet network of the present invention and co-ps, the similitude and the otherness of cl-ps principal character are listed as follows:
More than describe implementation method of the present invention in detail, but this preferred embodiment of just enumerating for the ease of understanding should not be considered to be limitation of the scope of the invention.Equally; any person of ordinary skill in the field all can be according to the description of technical scheme of the present invention and preferred embodiment thereof; make various possible being equal to and change or replacement, but all these changes or replacement all should belong to the protection range of claim of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. one kind towards connecting and connectionless network packet switching method, it is characterized in that comprising connection-oriented network packet exchange and exchange towards connectionless network packet, and this method comprises at least:
Foundation is towards connecting and connectionless packet network, the fixed address that has global sense for the node distribution of this packet network;
Ingress node in above-mentioned packet network, according to towards connecting user data package/stream or generate above-mentioned packet network packet header, and in above-mentioned packet network, do forwarding or the above-mentioned user data package of route/stream by the address in the above-mentioned packet network packet header towards the load information of connectionless user data package/stream;
Above-mentioned packet network is some types of service with identical forwarding behavior with different delineations of activities, and its network node is supported to set up, safeguard and remove at the connection of the above-mentioned type of service of every class, and do the reservation and the management of Internet resources in this process;
Above-mentioned packet network is some types of service with identical forwarding behavior with the delineation of activities of different user data bag/stream, and is the static or configuration network resources dynamically of these types of service; According to the service feature of different user data bag/stream, different user data package/stream will be assigned with and use identical or different type of service.
Peel off above-mentioned packet network packet header at the Egress node of above-mentioned packet network, recover towards connection user data package/stream or towards there not being the load information that connects user data package/stream.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the above-mentioned fixed address with global sense that distributes in an orderly manner for the node of this packet network.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the type of service of ordering or consulting according to user and above-mentioned packet network, from above-mentioned packet network inlet up to above-mentioned packet network outlet, initiate once request, the feature of consulting user data package/stream.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, feature according to user data package/stream of consulting, the connection management system of above-mentioned packet network is from the outlet that enters the mouth, check the state of above-mentioned packet network, and user data package/stream explicitly distributes above-mentioned packet network resource for this reason edge-to-edge.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, above-mentioned packet network is according to each professional flow parameter and for connecting the situation of the network layer resource of having distributed, and agrees or refusal is above-mentioned user profile bag/flow distribution resource.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned packet network node is left Internet resources situation and each the professional already used resource information that each type of service is reserved.
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| CN1411286A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2003-04-16 | 西安大唐电信有限公司 | Multi module No.7 signalling system signalling joining and controlling part distribution mission management method |
| US6628617B1 (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2003-09-30 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Technique for internetworking traffic on connectionless and connection-oriented networks |
| CN1476212A (en) * | 2002-08-12 | 2004-02-18 | 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司上海第二 | Method and device for realizing data package transmission on synchronous digital system |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6466985B1 (en) * | 1998-04-10 | 2002-10-15 | At&T Corp. | Method and apparatus for providing quality of service using the internet protocol |
| US6628617B1 (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2003-09-30 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Technique for internetworking traffic on connectionless and connection-oriented networks |
| CN1476212A (en) * | 2002-08-12 | 2004-02-18 | 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司上海第二 | Method and device for realizing data package transmission on synchronous digital system |
| CN1411286A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2003-04-16 | 西安大唐电信有限公司 | Multi module No.7 signalling system signalling joining and controlling part distribution mission management method |
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Address after: Beijing City, Xicheng District Yuetan Nan Street 11, zip code: 100045 Co-patentee after: Beier Aerkate Co., Ltd., Shanghai Patentee after: Institute of telecommunication transmission of the Ministry of industry and information technology Address before: Beijing City, Xicheng District Yuetan Nan Street 11, zip code: 100045 Co-patentee before: Beier Aerkate Co., Ltd., Shanghai Patentee before: Institute of telecommunication transmission of the Ministry of information industry |