CN1006629B - 一种含烃燃料的部分氧化方法 - Google Patents

一种含烃燃料的部分氧化方法

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Publication number
CN1006629B
CN1006629B CN87105249A CN87105249A CN1006629B CN 1006629 B CN1006629 B CN 1006629B CN 87105249 A CN87105249 A CN 87105249A CN 87105249 A CN87105249 A CN 87105249A CN 1006629 B CN1006629 B CN 1006629B
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Prior art keywords
oxygen
layer
gas
concentric
concentric channels
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Expired
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CN87105249A
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English (en)
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CN87105249A (zh
Inventor
弗朗希斯克斯·约翰纳·阿诺杜斯·马塔斯
亨德里库斯·约翰尼斯·安托尼斯哈塞纳克
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Publication of CN87105249A publication Critical patent/CN87105249A/zh
Publication of CN1006629B publication Critical patent/CN1006629B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/36—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents
    • C01B3/363—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents characterised by the burner used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only

Abstract

采用一个中心通道和三个套在它外部的同心通道构成的多孔燃烧炉进行燃料部分氧化的方法。燃料是以特定的速度，由第二层同心通道转送；氧气是以特定的质量流量分布和速度，由其它通道输送。

Description

本发明涉及利用多孔燃烧炉部分氧化含烃燃料的方法。
具体地讲，本发明涉及一种含烃燃料的部分氧化方法，其中含氧气体和含烃燃料通过四孔燃烧炉，输送到气化区，该燃烧炉由同心安装的3个氧气孔或通道和1个燃料孔或通道构成。在适当的条件下，在炉中可自（供）热地制备出含合成气的气流。
含氧气体通常为空气，或纯氧，或它们的混合气。为了控制气化区中的温度，可向所述区内加入一种调节气。
具体地讲，本发明上文所述的方法中，液体适宜作燃料。
进一步具体地讲，（重）残渣原料适宜用作燃料。
在这种方法中，为了得到十分好的气化过程，必要的是确保燃料的良好雾化，以及燃料气和含氧气体良好地、快速地接触或混合。
本发明的目的是，提供含烃燃料的部分氧化的方法，其中能就地得到燃料的良好雾化。本发明的另一目的是，提供一种含烃燃料的部分氧化方法，其中可得到氧气和燃料良好的和快速的混合，并可防止预燃或火焰通路。
本发明的又一个目的是，提供一种（重）残渣气化的方法，并可获得经济的工艺条件（例如减少调节气的供给和减少烟灰产生），以及足够长的炉使用期（8000操作小时以上）。
因此，本发明提供的含烃燃料的部分氧化方法，其特征在于如下工序：通过一同心安装的3个氧气孔或通道和1个燃料孔或通道构成的燃烧炉，将含氧气和含烃燃料送入气化区;在适宜的条件下，自（供）热地制备含合成气的气流;另外的组成工序是，以21～42米/秒相对低的速度，通过同心安装的中心通道输送含氧气体;以60～120米/秒相对高的速度，通过套在中心通道外的第一层同心通道输送含氧气体;以3.0～3.8米/秒相对低的速度，通过套在第一层同心通道外的第二层通道输送燃料;以60～120米/秒的相对高的速度，通过套在第二层同心通道外的第三层通道输送含氧气体。
在本发明的一个有利的实施例中，5～40%（质量）的含氧气体通过所述中心通道输送。
在本发明的另一个有利的实施例中，各自的速度是在进入气化区的同心通道的出口处分别测定的。速度测定可采取适于本目的的任何方法，本文将不予详细描述。
在本发明的又一个有利的实施例中，含氧气体含有作为调节气的蒸汽或二氧化碳。在本发明的再一个有利的实施例中，气化工艺的操作压力为0.1～12MPa。
燃料和含氧气体通过同心安装的3个氧气通道和1个燃料通道的燃烧炉输送到气化区。输氧的中心通道被第一层环状输氧通道包围，所述第一层环状通道被第二层环状输送燃料的通道包围，所述第二层通道被第三层环状输氧通道包围。
由输送氧气和燃料到气化区的环状同心安装的通道构成的多孔燃烧炉如上所述，将不予详细描述。
通常，这类燃烧炉是由具有内冷却流体通道的空壁结构构成。但燃烧炉也可被提供一种陶瓷或耐火衬里，通过某种方法安装在或浮置在紧挨燃烧炉 前壁的外表面上，在燃烧炉的操作或热涨落的情况下，以防热负载。
根据本发明，为了得到良好的雾化和混合，氧气和燃料以特定的速度通过各自的通道，被输送到气化区。
现在，通过如下的参考实例，可更加详细地描述本发明。
实施例
试验进行的条件如下：
a）原料
比重（15℃，kg/m）    980～1018
粘度（通道出口处，Pa.s）    0.02～0.2
组成    C%（重量）    86.7～87.4
H    10.2～10.8
S    1.26～1.39
N    0.3～0.5
灰    0.064
典型的金属含量    V    ppm    252
Ni    ppm    82
Fe    ppm    27
康拉逊残碳值（在油或石油产品    23
内，重量）
b）氧气组成
O2%（体积） 99.05
N2%（体积） 0.01
Ar%（体积）    0.94
H2O%（体积） -
c）操作条件
原料（燃料）
质量流量（kg/s）    1.1～1.4
通道输送温度（℃）    120～170
输送压力（MPa）    3.6～3.7
燃料通道出口处速度（m/s）    3.0～3.8
所得到的通道狭缝宽度（mm）    3
含氧气体
氧气与燃料比（kg/kg）    1.0～1.3
蒸汽与燃料比（kg/kg）    0.3～0.65
混合物的输送温度（℃）    210～220
输送压力（Mpa）    3.6～3.7
质量流量和速度的分布
中心通道，5～40质量%    21～42m/s
第一层同心通道    60～120m/s
第三层同心通道    60～120m/s
其中通过第一层通道和第三层通道的质量流量平均分布
反应器
压力（Mpa）    0.1～12
温度（℃）    1300～1450
典型的粗合成气组成%（干体积）
CO2＝5.3～9.1
H2S ＝0.1～0.3
O2＝0.0～0.1
H2＝44.7～47.5
N2＝0.1～0.4
CO    ＝43.7～48.9
CH4＝0.05～0.3
未转化的含碳产物大约0.3～4%（以燃料重量计），可加到原料中。
在本发明有利的实施例中，通过环绕在第三通外的第四同心环形通道输入一种惰性气体（一种不进行放热反应的气体），例如：H2O、CO2、CH4等，可延长燃料炉的使用周期。采取上述方法，火焰升高，热流量减少。
从前述说明中，对于那些熟此项已知技术的人来说，本发明的各种改进将是显而易见的。这样的改进被规定属于附带的权利要求范围。

Claims (6)

1、通过同心安装的圆形通道将含氧气体和含烃气体输送往气化区而进行的含烃燃料的部分氧化方法，其特征在于全部含氧气体中的5～40%(质量)是通过同心安装的中心通道以21～42m/s的速度被输送，通过套在中心通道外的第一层同心通道以60～120m/s的速度输送含氧气体，通过套在第一层同心通道外的第二层同心通道以3.0～3.8m/s的速度输送燃料，其余含氧气体通过套在第二层同心通道外的第三层同心通道以60～120m/s的速度输送，各速度值分别在进入气化区的同心通道出口处测定，通过第一和第三通道的物流平均分布。
2、权利要求1的方法，其中含烃燃料是一种液体。
3、权利要求1的方法，其中含氧气体含调节剂。
4、权利要求3中的方法，其中调节剂是蒸汽或二氧化碳。
5、权利要求1所述的方法，其中操作压力为0.1～12MPa。
6、权利要求1所述的方法，其中通过套在所述第三层通道外的第四层同心通道输送惰性气体（一种不进行放热反应的气体）。
CN87105249A 1986-08-05 1987-07-31 一种含烃燃料的部分氧化方法 Expired CN1006629B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8619076 1986-08-05
GB868619076A GB8619076D0 (en) 1986-08-05 1986-08-05 Partial oxidation of fuel

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CN87105249A CN87105249A (zh) 1988-02-17
CN1006629B true CN1006629B (zh) 1990-01-31

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US (1) US4789384A (zh)
EP (1) EP0255748B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2587242B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1006629B (zh)
AU (1) AU590106B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR8703954A (zh)
CA (1) CA1288598C (zh)
CS (1) CS265245B2 (zh)
DD (1) DD261350A5 (zh)
DE (1) DE3773791D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2025139B3 (zh)
GB (1) GB8619076D0 (zh)
IN (1) IN169781B (zh)
NO (1) NO171011C (zh)
PT (1) PT85471B (zh)
RU (1) RU2039699C1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA875721B (zh)

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ITMI20072228A1 (it) * 2007-11-23 2009-05-24 Eni Spa Procedimento per produrre gas di sintesi e idrogeno a partire da idrocarburi liquidi e gassosi
JP5677095B2 (ja) 2008-01-28 2015-02-25 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイＳｈｅｌｌ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｅ Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ Ｍａａｔｓｃｈａｐｐｉｊ Ｂｅｓｌｏｔｅｎｖｅｎｎｏｏｔｓｈａｐ 石炭ガス化反応器の始動方法
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Publication number Publication date
PT85471A (pt) 1988-08-17
EP0255748A3 (en) 1988-09-07
AU7651587A (en) 1988-02-11
NO171011B (no) 1992-10-05
CN87105249A (zh) 1988-02-17
PT85471B (pt) 1994-10-31
CA1288598C (en) 1991-09-10
NO873239L (no) 1988-02-08
GB8619076D0 (en) 1986-09-17
CS265245B2 (en) 1989-10-13
EP0255748B1 (en) 1991-10-16
DD261350A5 (de) 1988-10-26
IN169781B (zh) 1991-12-21
AU590106B2 (en) 1989-10-26
RU2039699C1 (ru) 1995-07-20
BR8703954A (pt) 1988-04-05
JP2587242B2 (ja) 1997-03-05
NO171011C (no) 1993-01-13
DE3773791D1 (de) 1991-11-21
JPS6343996A (ja) 1988-02-25
EP0255748A2 (en) 1988-02-10
NO873239D0 (no) 1987-08-03
ZA875721B (en) 1988-03-30
ES2025139B3 (es) 1992-03-16
US4789384A (en) 1988-12-06
CS577987A2 (en) 1989-01-12

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