CN101010066B - 稳定的前列腺素组合物 - Google Patents

稳定的前列腺素组合物 Download PDF

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CN101010066B
CN101010066B CN2005800261903A CN200580026190A CN101010066B CN 101010066 B CN101010066 B CN 101010066B CN 2005800261903 A CN2005800261903 A CN 2005800261903A CN 200580026190 A CN200580026190 A CN 200580026190A CN 101010066 B CN101010066 B CN 101010066B
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Abstract

一种药物递送装置,诸如栓剂或阴道栓剂,包括在固体聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶中的合成前列腺素PGE1类似物(例如,米索前列醇)。所述聚氨基甲酸酯是线性的或交联的。

Description

稳定的前列腺素组合物
发明领域
本发明提供一种药物递送装置,其包括合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物和聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶,所述合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物诸如米索前列醇或者其类似物或衍生物;并且还提供制备这样的装置的应用和方法。
发明背景
前列腺素是一组脂质,其为附着到五元环上的修饰的脂肪酸,并且具有适用于各种治疗应用的生物/药物活性。这样的应用包括生殖健康疾病和与炎症反应相关的疾病。然而,前列腺素在环境条件下通常是不稳定的,并且有时证明很难以适于药物/治疗应用的形式保存和生产。
在专利说明书GB 2047093和GB 2047094中描述了一种前列腺素制剂,其允许用于治疗的活性化合物的可控制的释放。这样的制剂应用水凝胶,已知其为持续不变的释放递送载体;并且特别地,“固体”交联的聚氨基甲酸酯物质具有溶胀并且吸收自身重量几倍的水而保持它们的物理完整性的能力。所述制剂已经被提供为阴道栓剂,将地诺前列酮(一种PGE2前列腺素)递送到子宫颈部,以在诱发分娩前使其成熟,并且可以购得,商标为所述阴道栓剂装在网袋中,并且通常停留在子宫颈位置达24小时。然而,即使当装入这样的水凝胶,这种前列腺素在室温下有时是不稳定的,并且因此所述阴道栓剂通常保存在-20℃左右的温度。
已经进行了许多尝试,以提供通常稳定的前列腺素制剂。PGE2前列腺素倾向于比PGE1前列腺素更不稳定。
米索前列醇是一种合成的前列腺素类似物;特别地,一种细胞保护的前列腺素PGE1类似物。米索前列醇是一种由下列立体异构式代表的化合物:
Figure GSB00000484758400021
物理状态的米索前列醇是一种油,其很难配制并且在室温下不稳定。米索前列醇具有黏膜保护特性,并且是胃酸分泌物的抑制剂。米索前列醇先前已经用于治疗和预防胃溃疡,特别是NSAID-诱发的溃疡。
米索前列醇可以商购得到,或者通过已知的反应设计而制备,例如,诸如通过US 3,965,143教导的方法制备。
美国专利号4,301,146描述了米索前列醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)或羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)的固体状态的分散剂。这些制剂可以是片剂或胶囊的形式。
美国专利号5,935,939描述了一种稳定的固体状态的米索前列醇分散剂,并且特别地,应用无定形的或半结晶状的赋形剂的稳定的米索前列醇制剂。
美国专利号6,642,274公开了大量的前列腺素的应用,包括米索前列醇。然而,对于配制米索前列醇的问题没有关注。提及了水凝胶,但是这些是适用于栓剂的半液体状的组合物或低熔点的组合物。
美国专利公布2003/0050620公开了通用的前列腺素,但不是PGE1类似物。提及了水凝胶,但是没有阐述配制PGE1类似物的问题。
涉及前列腺素和/或水凝胶载体的其它专利公布包括US 6,287,588,US 6,589,549,US 2002/0076441,US 6,685,962,US 2003/0021845,US2003/0049320和US 2003/0064088。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种PGE1制剂,其与未配制的米索前列醇相比表现出增加的稳定特性;并且特别地提供固体状态的米索前列醇制剂,其在室温下具有增加的存储稳定性。
发明概述
本发明基于这样的出乎意料的观察,即,当在聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶中配制时,合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物,米索前列醇在室温下的稳定性增加。这种增加的稳定性是令人惊讶的,并且当以这种方式配制时,其它前列腺素,诸如地诺前列酮,没有表现出这样增加的稳定性。
在本发明的第一方面,提供了一种药物递送装置,其包括在聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶中的合成前列腺素PGE1类似物或其衍生物。
所述药物递送装置允许药物,合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物,诸如米索前列醇,从固体状态的水凝胶有效的持续不变的递送。典型地,所述药物意欲递送给患者(人或动物)。
一般地,合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物分散在聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶基质中。
本发明的药物递送装置的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶扩展到本领域的技术人员公知的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶。不希望受到理论的束缚,当从凝胶水合时,所述聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶几乎不能溶解。当溶胀时,它们保持它们的物理完整性,而不变成液体或半液体凝胶,在这种意义上,它们是固体。聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶能够与合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物,诸如米索前列醇加载在一起。聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶可以是交联的或线性聚合物。并且,聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶可以在本发明的装置中在“湿状态”下膨胀,或者在“干燥的”或“充分干燥的(desiccated)”状态下不膨胀。这些状态将在下文中进一步描述。
本发明的递送装置中所用的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶可以是GB 2047093和GB 2047094中公开的类型。这些专利说明书公开了交联的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶。
备选地,本发明的递送装置可以包括聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶,如在专利说明书WO 2004/029125中所描述的那样。这一专利说明书公开了线性的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶。这样的线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶可以通过将聚乙二醇和二醇或其它双官能的化合物与双官能的异氰酸酯反应而得到。
不希望受到理论的束缚,并且除非本申请另作说明,应该理解,GB2047093,GB 2047094和WO 2004/029125所描述的水凝胶的特性和变化适用于本发明。
典型地,交联的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶(如在GB 2047093和GB2047094中所描述)是从长链聚乙二醇(例如,PEG 2000,4000,6000和8000,其已经被充分干燥)、作为交联剂的三醇(例如,己三醇)和二异氰酸酯(诸如二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯)制备。将混合物在模具中在高温下固化。
典型地,线性的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶从下列各项制备:a)聚环氧乙烷,b)双官能化合物和c)双官能异氰酸酯(如在WO 2004/029125中所述那样)。有利地,线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶在水中膨胀,并且在本发明的递送装置中,适于用作合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物的载体。并且,本发明的递送装置的线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶可以与难以水溶的药剂,诸如合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物,包括米索前列醇,加载在一起,例如当这样的药剂与所述聚合物在常规溶剂中溶解时。溶剂的一种实例是乙醇。然后,可以将得到的溶液塑成任何需要的固体形状。
用于本发明的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶提供水溶胀的聚氨基甲酸酯聚合物,其具有溶胀性,例如达到500%,达到800%或者甚至约1,000%。膨胀百分数(%),理解为表示膨胀的聚合物增加的重量除以干燥聚合物的重量。通常,所述聚合物在200%-2000%范围内溶胀,例如,250-1700%的范围。线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶还可溶于某些有机溶剂,诸如二氯甲烷,其允许所述水凝胶溶解并且塑型成为薄膜或涂层。因此,如上文提到的,还允许极低水溶性但是可溶于有机溶剂的活性剂,诸如米索前列醇,加载在所述聚合物中。
聚环氧乙烷含有重复单元(CH2CH2O),并且通过将环氧乙烷逐渐地加入到含有活性氢原子的化合物中而便利地制备。聚乙二醇通过将环氧乙烷添加到乙二醇中产生双官能聚乙二醇结构HO(CH2CH2O)nH而制备,其中n是整数,其取决于聚环氧乙烷的分子量而变化大小。例如,用于本发明的线性聚氨基甲酸酯水溶胶的聚环氧乙烷通常是线性聚乙二醇,即,具有1500-20,000,特别地3000-10,000,并且尤其是4000-8000当量的二醇。分子量通常在4000-35,000范围。
在本描述中,术语“当量”用来表示数均分子量除以化合物的官能度。
双官能化合物与双官能异氰酸酯反应,并且典型地是双官能的胺或二醇。优选在C5-C20范围的二醇,优选地C8-C15范围。因此,已发现癸二醇产生特别好的结果。所述二醇可以是饱和的或不饱和的二醇。可以应用支链二醇,但是优选直链二醇。两个羟基通常在末端C原子上。因此,优选的二醇包括1,6-己二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇和1,16-十六烷二醇。
双官能异氰酸酯通常是常规二异氰酸酯的一种,诸如二环己基甲烷-4,4-二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷-4,4-二异氰酸酯、1,6-亚己基二异氰酸酯、等。
上述线性聚合物的成分(a)比(b)比(c)的比例(依据当量)通常在0.1-1.5比1比1.1-2.5,特别地0.2-0.9比1比1.2-1.9。优选的范围是0.5-0.9比1比1.5-1.9。当然,熟练的人员通过合理实验将确定成分的最佳比例,以给出理想的特性。成分(c)的量通常等于(a)和(b)组合的量,以提供正确的化学计量。
在所述范围的端值产生的线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶不必要地给出最佳特性。例如,高用量的(a)聚环氧乙烷可能不理想地导致聚合物水溶。少用量可能减少溶胀百分数。一般地,(a)聚环氧乙烷比(b)双官能化合物的比例优选0.1-1.5比1,优选地0.2-0.9比1。
线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶通常通过将先前干燥的聚乙二醇与双官能化合物(例如,二醇)在85℃左右的温度熔融在一起而生成。结合催化剂,诸如氯化铁。将熔融的混合物在真空下干燥,以去除多余的湿气,并且向其中加入二异氰酸酯。然后将反应混合物倒入铅模(billet mould)中,并且固化特定的时间。因此,线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶最初形成模制固体。然而,本发明递送装置的线性聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶可溶于某些有机溶剂。这允许所述聚合物被溶解,并且将得到的溶液塑型形成薄膜。所述溶液还可以用于涂层粒剂,片剂等,以改进它们的释放特性。备选地,可以将所述溶液倒入非溶剂中,以沉淀聚合物/活性微粒。
通常,将聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶在水中洗涤,之后在乙醇:水混合物中洗涤,然后装入合成的前列腺素PGE1类似物,装入是通过将所述水凝胶浸泡在需要浓度的合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的水性溶液中实施,持续充分的时间足以发生合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的吸收,之后将所述水凝胶干燥到需要的含水量。典型地,在装入聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶之前,将所述合成前列腺素PGE1类似物溶解于有机溶剂,诸如乙醇:水溶剂。
当用于本申请时,术语“合成前列腺素PGE1类似物”理解为涵盖通常已知为米索前列醇及其任何类似物或衍生物的化合物。其类似物或衍生物意欲包括合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的结构类似物或衍生物,其保持合成前列腺素PGE1类似物,包括米索前列醇的基本药物活性;例如,保持药物活性的不同链长度的前列腺素、或者不同的盐或酯。这些还可以包括合成前列腺素PGE1类似物,诸如米索前列醇的立体异构体。应该理解,术语合成前列腺素PGE1类似物(或米索前列醇)没有意欲包括天然存在的PGE1。合成PGE1类似物或衍生物可以以酯的形式;诸如甲酯:而所述天然存在的PGE1通常是以酸的形式存在。一个或多个C1-6烷基(特别是甲基)可以附着到前列腺烷酸碳链上,特别是在位置15。典型地,物理状态的米索前列醇PGE1类似物或衍生物是一种油,而天然存在的PGE1是晶体形状。
应该理解米索前列醇是指(11α,13E)-(±)-11,16-二羟基-16-甲基-9-oxoprost-13-烯-1-酸甲酯或者其类似物或衍生物,如本申请所述的那样。优选地,米索前列醇具有式C22H33O5或在上文中所述的一般结构。
典型地,米索前列醇具有380左右的分子量。
本发明的递送装置可以是下列形式:栓剂,用于阴道应用的阴道栓剂,用于口服施用的口腔插入物,移植物等。优选地,所述装置是舒适部件的形式,其足够柔软(特别当溶胀时),足以被体腔内接纳:例如,与黏膜紧密接触的口腔。优选的形状包括薄片、盘形、卵形、肾形、条形和柱形。一般地,最小的尺寸在5-15mm范围,和最大的尺寸在10-25mm范围。优选的厚度在0.5-5mm范围,尤其是0.5-2.5mm,特别是1-2.5mm,并且更特别地是0.8-1.5mm。然而,应该理解,所述递送装置的长度和厚度可以根据每个个体患者而改变并且设计成为优选的尺寸。
本发明的递送装置具有许多应用,包括治疗精神分裂症,预防胃溃疡,粘膜炎和正牙应用。典型地,由于其对人和非人类动物的雌性生殖系统的作用,而应用所述装置。优选地,本发明的装置用于诱发分娩。所述装置还可以用于第一次和第二次三月期的流产,并且防止产后出血(PPH)。
本发明的药物递送装置意欲用来将合成前列腺素PGE1类似物施用给患者,停留在适当的位置,直到合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的部分和完全递送发生。然后,失去效能的递送装置可以从患者移除。有利地,所述递送装置还可以包括从患者移除所述装置的方式。例如,应用本领域技术人员公知的方式,诸如对于阴道应用的常规月经棉条的移除方式。
本发明的一个目的是在本发明的递送装置中稳定合成前列腺素PGE1类似物,尤其是在高于+4℃的温度,特别是在+20℃左右的温度。本发明含有合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的递送装置允许合成前列腺素PGE1类似物可控制的释放到患者中。在低含水量时,所述递送装置可以附着到患者的黏膜上。合成前列腺素PGE1类似物可以被系统地吸收,或者可以对临近的组织结构实行局部作用。WO 00/32171描述了对于将所述合成前列腺素PGE1类似物递送给患者的改进的方式的典型的自动附着特性。
典型地,理解合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的稳定是指,在本发明的递送装置中,在高于4℃的温度时,这种前列腺素增加的稳定性,或者相反地,减少的降解。例如,在高于4℃的温度(优选地,20℃左右的室温)储存后,在本发明的递送装置内存在的合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的剂量百分数在加入到本发明的递送装置的合成前列腺素PGE1类似物初始剂量的90-100%范围内。稳定性还取决于所述水凝胶的含水量。
如果有必要,本领域已知的渗透增强剂可以用来辅助跨黏膜递送的速度,其取决于所述合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的性质,例如,其亲脂性或亲水性特征、大小和分子量。一般地,化合物越是亲脂性的,吸收就越好。合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的非离子化形式似乎最适于吸收。考虑到通过黏膜组织的快速而有效的递送,渗透增强剂可以不是必需的。已知这样的渗透增强剂用于皮肤组织的局部应用,皮肤组织构成吸收的更显著障碍。弱酸和一些去污剂已经被用作渗透增强剂。
本发明递送装置的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶的释放特性可以通过对其应用涂层而被改进。合成前列腺素PGE1类似物可以包含在涂层以及在水凝胶基质内,以提供理想的递送模式。
本发明递送装置的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶在应用中可以是溶胀的或“湿”状态,或者是“干燥的”或“充分干燥的”状态的非溶胀的,如上文所描述的那样。例如,在溶胀状态,含水量可以是30-40重量%。优选地,25重量%或更少。更优选地,5-10重量%。备选地,在非溶胀或干燥状态,聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶通常含有很少或者没有水。例如,约1-2wt%。优选地,所述水凝胶的含水量约为或者低于1%。更优选地,含水量约0.5%-约0.8%。甚至更优选地,聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶的含水量约为或低于0.1%。
有利地,处于其“干燥”状态的本发明的递送装置导致在应用之前更容易的储存,包括在4℃以上的温度,诸如20℃的室温,而不丢失或减少合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的活性。的确,如上文所述,当在本发明的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶递送装置中配制时,合成前列腺素PGE1类似物表现出增加的稳定性。典型地,所述干燥状态可以含有约0.5%-约0.8%的含水量,并且可以与干燥剂一起保存,以进一步减少递送装置的含水量。
典型地,当所述水凝胶是充分干燥的或处于“干燥的”状态时,水凝胶的含水量低于或为约0.1%。一般地,充分干燥的水凝胶在施用后可以从环境吸收水分。
典型地,本发明的递送装置包括:合成前列腺素PGE1类似物,剂量约25-400微克(μg);具有约0.4-1.5mm的厚度;并且具有约120-500毫克(mg)的重量。典型地,在约241mg重和约0.8mm厚的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶内含有约100μg剂量的合成前列腺素PGE1类似物。
在本发明的另一方面,提供制备本发明的药物递送装置的方法,其包括下列步骤:
a)将聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶与合成前列腺素PGE1类似物的水性溶液接触,以便使所述水凝胶溶胀;
b)将溶胀的水凝胶从溶液中移除;和
c)将所述水凝胶干燥到需要的含水量。
在本发明的另一方面,提供本发明的药物递送装置用于将合成前列腺素PGE1类似物控制性地施用给人或动物的应用。
现在,将通过如下图和实例的方式描述本发明的实施方案,:
图1-显示表现含有100μg米索前列醇的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶(充分干燥和未充分干燥的批量)在25℃增强的稳定性的结果的图表。结果与米索前列醇油标准物(不存在聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶)的稳定性进行比较,所述米索前列醇油标准物在25℃随时间降解。
图2(比较)-显示地诺前列酮(一种PGE2前列腺素)的散装药物晶体(bulk drug crystal),和加载到聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶的地诺前列酮在25℃的稳定性的图表。当包含在所述水凝胶中时,地诺前列酮更不稳定;并且水凝胶和非水凝胶样品随时间表现出相当大的降解。
方法
本申请描述的方法和结果通常是针对阴道栓剂,其是装有不同量的米索前列醇的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶(如先前在GB 2047093和GB 2047094,和WO 2004/029125中所述),如描述那样。
1.1用于米索前列醇插入物的装载流程
纯化
通过浸没在过量的水中进行第一次和第二次洗涤,持续许多小时,而纯化0.8mm的聚合物薄片。每次洗涤后,将水倒出,并且然后将部件最后在乙醇(25%):水混合物中洗涤额外的几个小时。这一溶液也被倒掉。
装载
称重准确量的米索前列醇,以获得需要的最终功效,并且与用来稳定所述聚合物的丁基化羟基苯甲醚(Butylated Hydroxy Anisole(BHA))一起溶解于乙醇(25%):水。制备足够的这种溶液,以浸没先前洗涤的部件,并且将部件在密闭容器中在4℃旋转一段时间。将剩余的装载溶液倒掉,并且将部件甩干。
干燥
将装载的插入物置于片剂涂层盘中,并且在环境温度和空气中旋转,并且最后在干燥的空气中旋转。然后,可以将部件插入到可回收带(retrieval tape)中,并且适当地包装。在这一阶段,保留在部件中的溶剂(水)典型地少于1%(约0.5-0.8%)。在包装内部加入充分干燥的标签将溶剂量减少到0.1-0.2%。
1.2测定米索前列醇功效降解产物/杂质和BHA含量
将充分干燥的批量包装在含有干燥剂标签的预制的薄片小袋中。
从批量中随机取出样品。最少20个插入物用来充分检测。
100-400μg剂量
10个阴道栓剂
HPLC装置(280nm的紫外光吸收检测器,径宽6mm)
Waring搅拌器,具有不锈钢小杯(110ml)和盖
移动相
Post Column衍生剂
机械瓶摇动器
BHA米索前列醇标准溶液制剂
下文描述了对于米索前列醇标准制备所需要的一系列浓度。然而,在将米索前列醇标准液稀释到标记之前,吸取一定体积的BHA储液,在移动相中制备的约40μg/ml和70μg/ml,其体积将占烧瓶总体积的10%,即,20ml在200ml中,和50ml在500ml中,用于各自的提取体积设定。
米索前列醇标准溶液制备
准确称量米索前列醇参考标准的约8mg的水平1标准和约12mg的水平2标准,并且分别将每一份标准添加到含有约50ml 70%甲醇移动相的独立的100ml容量瓶中。将容量瓶置于超声波浴中5分钟,并且在平底摇床上摇动不少于1小时。用70%甲醇移动相将标准容量瓶稀释到体积。取决于具体批次的目标功效,应用在下述表1中概述的指导,将2种标准溶液用70%的移动相稀释。
表1-用于米索前列醇分析的标准稀释指导
Figure GSB00000484758400111
样品制备-对于100-400μg剂量
将10个阴道栓剂部件(unit)在40ml移动相中溶胀。然后,将所述部件转移到Waring搅拌器中,微波处理(mascerated)并且通过用移动相洗涤而定量地转移到适当的容量瓶中。用于溶胀所述部件的烧杯用移动相洗涤倒入容量瓶中(见表2)。然后,将容量瓶及其内含物在平底摇床上摇动2小时,1小时后,将容量瓶颈部用移动相洗涤。然后,将容量瓶用移动相稀释到标记处,并且在上样到HPLC小瓶前,允许内含物静置并且平衡20分钟。
表2-用于米索前列醇分析的萃取体积
  批次目标功效(μg/部件)   萃取体积(ml)
  100   200
  200   200
  300   500
  400   500
米索前列醇功效,以及相关的杂质8-异米索前列醇、A型脱羟基米索前列醇和未鉴定的杂质峰,应用下述表达式,参考制备的米索前列醇标准溶液的面积响应因子而进行定量。
注意:用于校正的标准浓度表示为μg米索前列醇每ml
Figure GSB00000484758400121
米索前列醇功效和降解产物含量表示为%标记(对于批次剂量)和%初始。%初始将任何测试点的米索前列醇功效与确定的初始功效联系起来。
实施例
实施例1-米索前列醇油在25℃的稳定性研究
米索前列醇稳定性在6个月的时间内进行检测。检测的米索前列醇是商购的油形式的米索前列醇。将米索前列醇保存在25℃的温度,并且在第0,2,4,8周和第3和第6个月应用HPLC测定米索前列醇含量。
结果在表3中显示如下:
表3
Figure GSB00000484758400131
实施例2-装有米索前列醇(米索前列醇剂量批次为100μg,200μg,和 400μg)的充分干燥和未充分干燥聚氨基甲酸酯聚合物的稳定性研究
稳定性研究在剂量批次100μg,200μg,和400μg米索前列醇进行。将充分干燥的和未充分干燥的包装阴道栓剂保存在-20℃,4℃,25℃和40℃/75%相对湿度,以研究这些条件在12个月的期间对所述制剂的影响。
研究的主要关注点是米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。还进行了BHA水平、释放速度检测、干燥损失和%溶胀检测。对于在25℃保存的充分干燥的和未充分干燥的含有米索前列醇的水凝胶,结果显示如下。
2.1-对于未充分干燥批次的25℃数据
2.1.1 100μg米索前列醇剂量批次
表4显示对于未充分干燥的100μg批次,在25℃12个月发现的米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。结果也在图1中显示。
表4-未充分干燥的100μg批次,在25℃12个月的米索前列醇功效和降 解产物/杂质水平
Figure GSB00000484758400141
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,这一批次的米索前列醇功效下降了。功效值下降到初始值的94.2%。8-异米索前列醇的水平,在25℃的研究期间达到最大值1.0%标记。在12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平增加,达到最大2.5%标记。
2.1.2 200μg剂量批次
表5显示对于未充分干燥的200μg批次,在25℃12个月发现的米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。
表5-未充分干燥的200μg批次,在25℃12个月的米索前列醇功效和降 解产物/杂质水平
Figure GSB00000484758400142
ND-没有检测的
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,这一批次的米索前列醇功效下降了。功效值下降到初始值的93.5%。8-异米索前列醇水平达到1.1%标记。在12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平增加,达到最大1.5%标记。
2.1.3 400μg剂量批次
表6显示对于未充分干燥的400μg批次,在25℃12个月发现的米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。
表6-未充分干燥的400μg批次,在25℃12个月的米索前列醇功效和降 解产物/杂质水平
Figure GSB00000484758400151
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,这一批次的米索前列醇功效下降了。功效值下降到初始值的90.1%。8-异米索前列醇水平达到1.3%标记。在12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平增加,达到最大2.6%标记。
2.1.4 100μg-400μg剂量-对于未充分干燥剂量形式-在25℃保存的发 现总结
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,所有3种未充分干燥剂量形式的米索前列醇功效下降了。功效值下降到所述剂量的初始值的90.1%和94.2%之间。400μg批次,表现出最大的下降,降到90.1%初始。在25℃研究期间,8-异米索前列醇水平没有表现出任何显著的变化,发现的最大值为1.3%标记。在25℃,12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平增加,在400μg批次达到最大水平2.6%标记。
2.2-对于充分干燥批次的25℃数据
2.2.1 100μg剂量批次
表7显示对于充分干燥的100μg批次,在25℃12个月发现的米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。结果也在图1中显示。
表7-充分干燥的100μg批次,在25℃12个月的米索前列醇功效和降解 产物/杂质水平
Figure GSB00000484758400161
一般地,在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,这一剂量的米索前列醇功效下降到97%-100%初始值之间。3个月的时间点除外。在这一检测点,发现米索前列醇功效为初始值的86.7%。这与对于这一批次在这一温度的其它检测点不符,并且也与在相同保存条件的这一检测点所检测的其它批次不符。对于8-异米索前列醇水平,在25℃的研究期间,没有发现变化,最大值为0.7%标记。在12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平稍微增加,达到最大水平1.9%标记。
2.2.2 200μg剂量批次
表8显示对于充分干燥的200μg批次,在25℃12个月发现的米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。
表8-充分干燥的200μg批次,在25℃12个月的米索前列醇功效和降解 产物/杂质水平
Figure GSB00000484758400171
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,对于这一剂量,米索前列醇功效非常微小地下降,下降到96.6%初始值。在25℃的研究期间,8-异米索前列醇水平没有表现出变化,发现最大值为1.1%标记。在12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平稍微增加,达到最大水平2.6%标记。
2.2.3 400μg剂量批次
表9显示对于充分干燥的400μg批次,在25℃12个月发现的米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平。
表9-分干燥的400μg批次,在25℃12个月的米索前列醇功效和降解 产物/杂质 水平
Figure GSB00000484758400172
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,对于这一剂量,米索前列醇功效非常微小地下降,下降到96.2%初始值。在25℃的研究期间,尽管在6个月发现最大值为1.6%标记,8-异米索前列醇水平没有表现出变化。在12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平稍微增加,达到最大水平2.2%标记。
2.2.4 100μg-400μg剂量-对于充分干燥剂量形式-在25℃保存的发现 总结
在25℃,在本研究持续的12个月期间,对于所有3种充分干燥剂量形式,米索前列醇功效非常微小地下降了。一般地,功效值下降到初始值的96%-100%之间。例外是100μg批次在4周后的结果,其具有初始值的86.7%初始的功效。这与对于这一批次在这一温度的其它检测点不符。在25℃研究期间,尽管发现最大值为1.6%标记,8-异米索前列醇水平没有表现出变化。在25℃,12个月的期间,米索前列醇A水平稍微增加,在20μg批次达到最大水平2.6%标记。
2.3-对于充分干燥和未充分干燥的含有米索前列醇的水凝胶的结果总结
对于充分干燥和未充分干燥剂量形式,在-20℃保存12个月/15个月后,米索前列醇功效和降解产物/杂质水平保持不变。
在4℃,和特别是在25℃和40℃,12个月期间,充分干燥似乎改善了米索前列醇的稳定性。在25℃,12个月后,充分干燥的批次具有大于其初始值95%的米索前列醇功效,而相同剂量的未充分干燥批次具有其初始值90%-94%范围的功效。在40℃12个月后,充分干燥的剂量形式具有典型地为初始值90%的米索前列醇功效,而未充分干燥的剂量形式在其初始值83%-88%范围。对应地,在40℃,未充分干燥批次的米索前列醇A的水平高于相同剂量的充分干燥批次。
一般地,索前列醇A是主要的降解产物。8-异米索前列醇稳定性相对地保持不变(结果未显示)。
在25℃12个月过程中,在所有充分干燥的和未充分干燥的批次中,聚合物稳定赋形剂,丁基化羟基苯甲醚(BHA)的水平保持相对稳定。
一般地,对于充分干燥的或未充分干燥的3种剂量批次中,发现米索前列醇释放数据在检测条件下12个月期间不变化(结果未显示)。
对于未充分干燥的批次,在25℃12个月期间,干燥损失数据没有表现出变化(结果未显示)。对于充分干燥的批次,在25℃,存在干燥损失值的减小(结果未显示)。
在25℃12个月的研究期间,对于所有充分干燥剂量形式,%溶胀值保持在说明书范围内(275-325%)。
应用充分干燥增强米索前列醇制剂的稳定性。
实施例3在25℃装有地诺前列酮的聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶的比较稳定性结
下述表10显示地诺前列酮(一种PGE2前列腺素)在25℃的稳定性,其作为散装药物晶体和被包含在聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶基质内。测定在第0,1,2,3,和6个月进行。下述结果只用于比较目的,并且不意欲形成本发明的一部分。
[也可以参见R.G.Stehle,1982,Methods in Enzymology,Vol.86,pp 436-458]
表10
  检测点(月)   地诺前列酮(%功效)   在水凝胶中的地诺前列酮(%功效)
  0   100   103.5
  1   96   90.9
  2   83.0
  3   89   75.3
  6   75   57.1
上述结果也在图2中描述。
与地诺前列酮散装药物本身相比,包含在水凝胶内的地诺前列酮的稳定性下降了。
因此,与本发明的米索前列醇水凝胶制剂相反,地诺前列酮在水凝胶中的制剂减小了其储存稳定性。并且,具有或者没有水凝胶的地诺前列酮在保存时表现出显著的降解。

Claims (20)

1.一种在包括聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶的递送装置中稳定合成前列腺素米索前列醇的方法,其包括:
将递送装置的水含量降低到相对于所述水凝胶低于1重量%;和
在高于4℃且不高于40℃温度下储存递送装置。
2.按照权利要求1的方法,其中所述递送装置在20℃室温下储存。
3.按照权利要求1的方法,其中所述水含量为0.1-0.2重量%,并且当所述递送装置在25℃储存时,所述米索前列醇在储存12个月内的功效大于其初始值的95%。
4.按照权利要求3的方法,其中所述递送装置含有100μg米索前列醇并且当所述递送装置在25℃储存时,所述米索前列醇在储存12个月内的功效是其初始值的97-100%。
5.按照权利要求3的方法,其中所述递送装置含有200μg米索前列醇并且当所述递送装置在25℃储存时,所述米索前列醇在储存12个月内的功效是其初始值的至少96.6%。
6.按照权利要求3的方法,其中所述递送装置含有400μg米索前列醇并且当所述递送装置在25℃储存时,所述米索前列醇在储存12个月内的功效是其初始值的至少96.2%。
7.按照前述权利要求中任一项的方法,其中所述聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶是交联的水凝胶。
8.按照权利要求7的方法,其中所述交联聚氨基甲酸酯是聚乙二醇、三醇和二异氰酸酯的反应产物。
9.按照权利要求8的方法,其中所述聚乙二醇在反应前是PEG2000,PEG4000,PEG6000或PEG8000。
10.按照权利要求1-6中任一项的方法,其中所述聚氨基甲酸酯水凝胶是线性水凝胶。
11.按照权利要求10的方法,其中所述线性聚氨基甲酸酯是聚环氧乙烷、双官能化合物和双官能异氰酸酯的反应产物。
12.按照权利要求11的方法,其中所述聚环氧乙烷具有4000-35,000区域的分子量。
13.按照权利要求11的方法,其中所述聚环氧乙烷具有4000-8000的当量。
14.按照权利要求11的方法,其中二醇是1,6-己二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇或1,16-十六烷二醇。
15.按照权利要求12的方法,其中二醇是1,6-己二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇或1,16-十六烷二醇。
16.按照权利要求13的方法,其中二醇是1,6-己二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇或1,16-十六烷二醇。
17.按照权利要求1-6中任一项的方法,其中所述递送装置为栓剂、或阴道栓剂、口腔插入物或移植体的形式。
18.按照权利要求1的方法,其中所述水凝胶具有少于0.1重量%的水含量。
19.按照权利要求1的方法,其中所述水凝胶具有少于0.2重量%的水含量。
20.按照权利要求1的方法,其中所述水凝胶具有0.5-0.8重量%的水含量。
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