CN101090301B - Radio wave route loss simulation measuring method - Google Patents
Radio wave route loss simulation measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101090301B CN101090301B CN2006100871493A CN200610087149A CN101090301B CN 101090301 B CN101090301 B CN 101090301B CN 2006100871493 A CN2006100871493 A CN 2006100871493A CN 200610087149 A CN200610087149 A CN 200610087149A CN 101090301 B CN101090301 B CN 101090301B
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Abstract
This invention discloses a simulation measuring method for path loss of radio waves including: inputting a digital map, determining a map matrix and a loss matrix to get a spread model and parameter of an emission antenna, generating a series of lamination radials with the emission antenna as the starting point, taking a series of sampling points on each radial and determining the effective sampling points according to the map grids corresponding to the sample point positions in the map matrix, then computing the effective height of the antenna and diffraction loss according to the corresponding geographical information of the effective sampling points and computing the path loss of the effective sampling point to be taken as the path loss of the map grids corresponding to the effective sampling points to be stored in the path loss matrix.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology, a kind of method of measuring path loss in the radio wave fast and effectively is provided.
Background technology
The quality of wireless network planning design directly influences every index of wireless network, and the complexity of radio wave propagation has increased the uncertainty of wireless network planning quality greatly.By simulation software simulating reality network environment, it is the effective means that improves network planning quality that network performance is carried out emulation.
Reliability of simulation depends on the accuracy of path loss calculation to a great extent.The propagation of radio wave in real communication environments is subjected to the influence of complicated terrain and its features, has multiple routes of transmission such as direct projection, reflection, diffraction and scattering, causes path loss calculation very complicated.For macrocell, path loss mainly is to adopt the propagation model of semiempirical semidefiniteness to calculate at present, as the COSTT231-Hata propagation model.Path loss calculation based on this type of propagation model has related to numerous factors and algorithm, need calculate by each grid in numerical map, and amount of calculation is very big, occupies very big proportion in whole simulation is calculated.Therefore, become a main difficult problem in the simulation study at the descend time complexity of low path loss algorithm and space complexity of the prerequisite that guarantees the path loss calculation accuracy.
Industry has been carried out a lot of research on propagation model at present, has also obtained considerable achievement.The propagation model of semiempirical semidefiniteness almost becomes the de facto standard of the path loss calculation of present macrocell.But in path loss calculation, how aspect design time complexity and the space complexity optimal algorithm, also do not find deep patent research achievement at present.The patent that relates to this respect mainly contains:
United States Patent (USP), patent No. US6985839B1,＜System and method for wirelesslocation coverage and prediction 〉.This patent has been told about the path loss calculation flow process, but this patent to carry out the purpose of path loss calculation be to carry out mobile position estimation, do not consider the path loss algorithm of devise optimum from time complexity and space complexity.
United States Patent (USP), the patent No. 5710758,＜Wireless network planning tool 〉.The main purpose of this patent is how to set up the wireless network planning instrument, related to the path loss calculation method, its weak point is not have deep to consider devise optimum path loss algorithm from time complexity and space complexity, does not also mention and how to control the precision/speed ratio of path loss calculation by adjusting the factor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of radio wave route loss simulation measuring method.This method has reduced double counting, has improved efficiency of algorithm, can finish the calculating of path loss fast and effectively, and can control precision/speed ratio that path loss calculates flexibly by a series of adjustment factors.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of radio wave route loss simulation measuring method, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) input digit map, propagation model and transmitting antenna parameter generate the path loss matrix according to the prediction radius;
(2) according to described transmitting antenna parameter and the scope that will measure, generating a series of is the layering ray of starting point with the transmitting antenna, on every ray, get a series of sampling points, and determine effective sampling point with the distance between this grid center corresponding in the path loss matrix according to sampling point;
(3), calculate the effective depth and the diffraction loss of transmitting antenna, and, calculate the path loss of efficient sampling point in conjunction with described propagation model according to the geography information of described efficient sampling point position correspondence in map;
(4) with the path loss of efficient sampling point as with the path loss of this efficient sampling point corresponding map grid, preserve in the path loss matrix.
The method of the invention can further include:
(5), according to the circuit loss value of its contiguous grid, obtain circuit loss value, and preserve in the path loss matrix by interpolation for the map grid that does not have circuit loss value.
The method of the invention, step further comprises in (2):
(21) being the center of circle in the position with transmitting antenna, is to generate a series of layering rays in the circle of radius with the prediction radius, precision/speed ratio of calculating by the angle control path loss of adjusting adjacent two rays in the ray number of plies and the every layer of ray;
(22) on each bar ray, get a series of sampling point, make sampling point in whole estimation range, be evenly distributed, precision/speed ratio of calculating by the sparse extent control path loss of adjusting sampling point;
(23) at the position of each sampling point, from the map matrix, obtain corresponding geography information, described map matrix generates according to numerical map;
(24) according to this geography information, calculate the distance between sampling point and this grid center corresponding in the path loss matrix, get apart from the shortest point and be the efficient sampling point of this grid.
The method of the invention, step further comprises in (3):
(31) described a series of layering rays are merged after, ray after obtaining all successively and merging and the sampling point on the ray;
(32) effective depth of calculating transmitting antenna;
(33) determine the sword peak according to the geography information of sampling point position correspondence;
(34) if current sampling point is the efficient sampling point, and this corresponding map grid do not have the calculating path loss, then according to described sword peak information calculations diffraction loss, and according to the propagation model that is adopted, calculates the path loss of current sampling point;
Step further comprises in (4):
Determine current sampling point corresponding map grid, the path loss that calculate to obtain is added that the transmitting antenna directive gain preserves in the corresponding path loss matrix as the path loss of this grid.
In the method for the invention, geography information comprises elevation information described in the step (33).
In the method for the invention, geography information further comprises type of ground objects information described in the step (33), uses type of ground objects information to compensate elevation information, in order to determine the sword peak.
The method of the invention further comprises reception antenna parameter and the earth radius information of obtaining in the step (1);
The method of the invention in the step (33), further according to described reception antenna parameter and earth radius information, is calculated the influence of earth curvature to geographical elevation information, in order to determine the sword peak.
The method of the invention, step further comprises in (3): according to the geography information of described efficient sampling point position correspondence in map, calculate the atural object loss, and consider the influence of described atural object loss when calculating the path loss of current sampling point.
Wherein, described atural object loss is made up of two parts: atural object compensating factor and penetration loss.
The technical solution of the present invention is conceived to design a kind of method of measurement of path loss fast and effectively on the time complexity and space complexity of path loss algorithm; Simultaneously, also design a series of adjustment factors and can control precision/speed ratio that path loss is measured very easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of radio wave route loss simulation measuring method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that generates ray and sampling point in the described method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 be in the described method of the embodiment of the invention earth curvature to the schematic diagram that influences of geographical elevation information;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that calculates penetration loss in the described method of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, by with certain concrete network being further elaboration method of the present invention of embodiment.
Information such as step 1, input digit map, propagation model, transmitting antenna parameter, reception antenna parameter and earth radius.Generate the map matrix according to numerical map, according to prediction radius generation pass matrix.
In the present embodiment, network comprises a transmitting antenna, adopts the COSTT231-Hata propagation model.Angle of declination is the θ degree.The numerical map precision is 20 meters, and map comprises elevation information and terrestrial object information.Get virtual earth radius a=4r/3=8493km.
In the present embodiment, this step specifically is divided into following 4 little steps:
Step 201, being the center of circle in the position with transmitting antenna, is to generate a series of layering rays in the circle of radius with the prediction radius.
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiment adopts double-deck ray, and ground floor R1 and second layer R2 ray length are 10 kilometers, itself and be 20 kilometers, promptly predict radius length.At first to determine the angle R between adjacent two rays in every layer of ray.Can adopt in the time of Practical Calculation the mode of the isometric line of girth break into portions is determined number of rays, and then definite angle R.Suppose that ground floor R1 ray is divided into 20 meters long portions with girth, then ground floor R1 ray adds up to 2* π * r/20=2*3.1416*10000/20=3141.6, up rounds, and gets 3142 rays.Angle between the ground floor R1 ray is 360/3142 degree.Second layer R2 ray also is divided into girth 20 meters long portions, and ray adds up to 2* π * r/20=2*3.1416*20000/20=6283.2, up rounds, and gets 6284 rays.Angle between the ray is 360/6284 degree.Outer and internal layer number of rays ratio is 2.
Step 202, on each bar ray, get a series of sampling point, make sampling point in whole estimation range, be evenly distributed.
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiment is got a series of point on each bar ray.Distance between adjacent 2 is D
iGet a little and can evenly distribute, also can uneven distribution.During uneven distribution, can adopt near transmitting antenna D
iBe worth bigger, away from transmitting antenna D
iBe worth the less strategy that waits.By adjusting D
iValue can be so that sampling point evenly distributes in whole circle, simultaneously by adjusting the ray number of plies, and the angle of adjacent two rays in every layer of ray, and the sparse degree of sampling point can be adjusted the precision/speed ratio of path loss calculation on every ray.In the present embodiment, get a sampling point every 20 meters.
Step 203, at the position of each sampling point, from described map matrix, obtain corresponding geography information.
In the present embodiment, calculate the coordinate of each sampling point on the ray, from the map matrix, obtain relevant geography information such as corresponding Terrain Elevation and type of ground objects according to coordinate.
Step 204, according to this geography information, calculate the distance between sampling point and this grid center corresponding in the path loss matrix, get apart from the shortest point and be the efficient sampling point of this grid.
In the present embodiment, this step specifically is divided into following 11 little steps:
In the present embodiment, internal layer and outer field ray are merged every corresponding outer two rays of internal layer ray.Get each bar ray after the merging successively.Combination principle is that two lines of adjacent two layers ray and horizontal line angle difference minimum are merged into a line; To every ray,, get the sampling point that generates in 202 steps successively then, carry out following calculating from the center of circle.Step 302 to 306 pairs of all sampling points all need to calculate.
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, a is the virtual earth radius, gets 8493km.Tx is that transmitting antenna is the ray starting point, and Rx is that reception antenna is current point.A be in the ray certain a bit, need ask the added value H of the height that earth curvature orders to A
P, computing formula is:
In the present embodiment, consider the object height influence if desired, then the height with type of ground objects is added on the Terrain Elevation of current point.Object height for the point before from the ray starting point to current point uses existing result again.
In the present embodiment, all adopt absolute altitude.At current point, calculate corresponding effective height of transmitting antenna.
In the present embodiment, the sword peak that calculates from the ray starting point to current point is the elevation information that compensated according to step 303 and 304.Here, the calculating principle at sword peak is: lead a line from the transmitting antenna to the reception antenna, the intersection point set on this line and mountain peak is the set of sword peak.
In the present embodiment, if current point is the efficient sampling point, and the corresponding path loss matrix grid of this point do not have path loss values, then proceeds the calculating of step 307 to 309.Otherwise directly enter step 301 and take off a sampling point.
In the present embodiment,, calculate diffraction loss according to the sword peak tabulation that step 305 calculates.
In the present embodiment,, add atural object compensating factor and penetration loss respectively to current point.
Atural object compensating factor: set a compensating factor (dB) in advance at every kind of atural object,, add that in path loss this compensating factor gets final product then according to the residing type of ground objects of current point.
Penetration loss: as shown in Figure 4, suppose that the path of from Tx transmitting antenna (being the ray starting point) to the Rx reception antenna (being current point) is D, the continuous atural object of n section is arranged on this path.Wherein a certain section continuous atural object length is the V kilometer, and this section atural object central point is the S kilometer from the reception antenna distance, and the type atural object penetration loss factor is K
i(dB/km).F (S) is the function of variable S, and this function body terrain thing is from the near more trend big more to signal attenuation of reception antenna, and this function can change and difference with communication environments.Then the penetration loss of this section atural object is V
iF (S
i) K
iWhole penetration loss is the continuous atural object penetration loss of a n section sum, and computing formula is:
In step 4, the present embodiment,, adopt the arest neighbors interpolation method to carry out interpolation and obtain circuit loss value, and preserve in the path loss matrix for the map grid that does not partly have circuit loss value.
What provide above only is a typical case of the present invention, is used to illustrate the present invention, but not is used to limit the present invention.Equally, also can expand in other radio wave coverage prediction, as broadcasting, TV etc. according to technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the simulation measuring method of a radio wave route loss is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) input digit map, propagation model, transmitting antenna parameter, reception reception antenna parameter and earth radius information generate the path loss matrix according to the prediction radius;
(2) according to described transmitting antenna parameter and the scope that will measure, generating a series of is the layering ray of starting point with the transmitting antenna, on every ray, get a series of sampling points, and determine effective sampling point with the distance between this grid center corresponding in the path loss matrix according to sampling point;
(3), calculate the effective depth and the diffraction loss of transmitting antenna, and, calculate the path loss of efficient sampling point in conjunction with described propagation model according to the geography information of described efficient sampling point position correspondence in map;
(4) with the path loss of efficient sampling point as with the path loss of this efficient sampling point corresponding map grid, preserve in the path loss matrix.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, further comprises:
(5), according to the circuit loss value of its contiguous grid, obtain circuit loss value, and preserve in the path loss matrix by interpolation for the map grid that does not have circuit loss value.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (2) comprising:
(21) being the center of circle in the position with transmitting antenna, is to generate a series of layering rays in the circle of radius with the prediction radius, precision/speed ratio of calculating by the angle control path loss of adjusting adjacent two rays in the ray number of plies and the every layer of ray;
(22) on each bar ray, get a series of sampling point, make sampling point in whole estimation range, be evenly distributed, precision/speed ratio of calculating by the sparse extent control path loss of adjusting sampling point;
(23) at the position of each sampling point, from the map matrix, obtain corresponding geography information, described map matrix generates according to numerical map;
(24) according to this geography information, calculate the distance between sampling point and this grid center corresponding in the path loss matrix, get apart from the shortest point and be the efficient sampling point of this grid.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, step (3) comprising:
(31) described a series of layering rays are merged after, ray after obtaining all successively and merging and the sampling point on the ray;
(32) effective depth of calculating transmitting antenna;
(33) determine the sword peak according to the geography information of sampling point position correspondence;
(34) if current sampling point is the efficient sampling point, and this corresponding map grid do not have the calculating path loss, then according to described sword peak information calculations diffraction loss, and according to the propagation model that is adopted, calculates the path loss of current sampling point;
Step (4) comprising:
Determine current sampling point corresponding map grid, the path loss that calculate to obtain is added that the transmitting antenna directive gain preserves in the corresponding path loss matrix as the path loss of this grid.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the described geography information of step (33) comprises elevation information.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the described geography information of step (33) further comprises type of ground objects information, uses type of ground objects information to compensate elevation information, in order to determine the sword peak.
7. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the described step (33), further according to described reception antenna parameter and earth radius information, calculates the influence of earth curvature to geographical elevation information, in order to determine the sword peak.
8. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (3) further comprises: according to the geography information of described efficient sampling point position correspondence in map, calculate the atural object loss, and consider the influence of described atural object loss when calculating the path loss of current sampling point.
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| CN102118761B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for correcting propagation model |
| CN102546039B (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2015-02-04 | 中国移动通信集团北京有限公司 | Radio wave propagation prediction method and device |
| CN102523058A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-27 | 苏州恩巨网络有限公司 | Three-dimensional communication model for predicting wireless signal intensity |
| CN103167547A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-19 | 大连大学 | Ultra-short wave radio set radio wave coverage area calculation method |
| EP3614575B1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2021-09-22 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for determining broadcast beam weight in wireless communication system |
| CN108521313A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-11 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of wireless two-wire channel model path loss calculation method based on earth curvature |
| CN109150347B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-01-26 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Network simulation method and device |
| CN110990500B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-12-15 | 天维讯达(湖南)科技有限公司 | Propagation path model map establishment method and path loss determination method |
| CN110971323B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-03-25 | 天维讯达(湖南)科技有限公司 | Propagation path model map system and path loss determination system |
| CN110545145B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2022-03-04 | 北京电子工程总体研究所 | Method for performing radio wave communication in bimodal terrain through computer simulation |
| CN111143918B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2023-03-28 | 湘潭大学 | Radio wave path prediction method and apparatus |
| CN116227236B (en) * | 2023-05-06 | 2023-08-29 | 成都众享天地网络科技有限公司 | Simulation method for positioning diffraction main peak based on elevation data |
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