CN101227987A - 用于在容器端盖中形成加强卷边的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于在容器端盖中形成加强卷边的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN101227987A
CN101227987A CNA2006800268786A CN200680026878A CN101227987A CN 101227987 A CN101227987 A CN 101227987A CN A2006800268786 A CNA2006800268786 A CN A2006800268786A CN 200680026878 A CN200680026878 A CN 200680026878A CN 101227987 A CN101227987 A CN 101227987A
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CN101227987B (zh
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凯方·R·詹奇
霍华德·查斯蒂恩
马克·A·雅各伯
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    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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Abstract

一种金属容器端盖，其包括在内面板壁、外面板壁或夹壁中的至少一个中在预定位置的沟槽或槽，并且由成形工具形成。这里还提供了用于旋压形成具有改进几何形状的端盖的装置和方法。

Description

用于在容器端盖中形成加强卷边的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用旋压成形工具在容器端盖中形成不同的几何形状的方法和装置，该容器端盖适于相互连接到容器颈部上，且该容器端盖具有提高了的强度和抗弯折性。
背景技术
容器特别是金属饮料容器通常通过将饮料罐端盖相互连接在饮料容器本体上制造。在一些用途中，端盖可以相互连接在罐本体的顶侧和底侧。但是更普通的是，饮料罐端盖相互连接在饮料罐本体的顶端上，该饮料罐本体由扁平坯料板例如铝板拉制和压平形成。由于由碳酸饮料可能产生的较高内部压力，饮料罐本体和饮料罐端盖通常都需要承受超过90psi的内部压力，而不会产生较大和永久性的变形。而且，根据各种环境条件例如加热、过度充装、高CO2含量和振动，在普通饮料罐中的内部压力可能有时超过100psi。因此，饮料罐本体和端盖必须适合承受高的内部压力，也采用极薄和耐久的材料例如铝来制造以便降低制造程序的总成本和最终产品的重量。
因此，非常需要一种耐久性的饮料容器端盖，它能够承受由碳酸饮料产生的较高的内部压力以及在运送过程中施加的外力，且它还由耐久性的、重量轻和极薄的金属材料制成，并具有降低材料需求的几何形状。以前曾试图提供具有均匀几何形状的饮料容器端盖，以便节省材料和提高强度。这样的端盖的一个实例在授予Crown Cork and Seal Technology Corporation的美国专利No.6065634中介绍，其名称为“Can End and Method for Fixing the Sameto a Can Body”。本领域已知的另一发明试图通过改进埋头区域的几何形状来提高容器端盖的强度和节省材料成本。这些专利的实例是授予Nguyen等的美国专利No.5685189和美国专利No.6460723，该专利都被结合本文参引。公开了另一改进端盖几何形状的另一待审申请是待审的美国专利申请No.10/340535，其申请日为2003年1月10日，该申请整个结合本文参引。最后，本申请受让人拥有关于改造和改形容器底部的另一待审申请，其在待审的美国专利No.11/020944中公开，该专利整个结合本文参引。
下面的说明用来介绍改进的容器端盖，其适用于相互连接到容器本体上，并有改进的埋头的夹壁几何形状和单元深度，这明显节省了材料成本，并还能够承受较大的内部压力。
用于提高容器端盖的强度的现有方法和装置一般试图使用传统的成形工序，其在往复压制中利用一系列工具操作来产生特定的几何形状。不幸的是，通过使用小规格的铝和其它薄金属材料，因为端盖的物理特性和很难保持要求的形状，因此越来越难以在没有质量控制问题的情况下形成优选的几何形状。而且，当薄金属材料在传统成形压机中加工时，端盖的特定部分可能由于拉伸、弯曲操作而变薄，一般称为“挤压”。当产生过度变薄时，端盖的总体强度和完整性可能受到损害。另外，实际上不能通过典型的模压来形成特定的几何形状。因此，在工业中非常需要新的方法和装置用于在端盖中形成优选的形状，并且使用辊子和其它机械装置在端盖中形成优选形状，而不需要传统的成形压机以及没有与它相关的固有问题。
另外，需要一种新的端盖几何形状，其具有不同的形状，并当与增压容器相互连接时提供优良的强度和抗弯折性。如前所述，这些几何形状通常并不能方便的使用传统的端盖制造技术。因此，非常需要一种新的端盖几何形状，其提高了强度特征并能够采用薄壁金属材料形成。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个方面是提供一种改进的方法和装置，用于在容器端盖中形成一个或多个加强卷边或其它几何形状。因此，在本发明的一个方面中，采用一个或多个成形辊来旋压形成夹壁或端盖埋头部分的内壁或外部部分的一部分，以便提高强度特征和能够节省材料。这里使用的术语“旋压形成”也可以称为“改造”(reform)或“改形”(reprofile)，并一般可以定义为改变容器端盖的几何形状的工序。在一个实施例中，提供了一种用于改变金属端盖的几何形状的方法，它包括：
一种用于产生优选的金属端盖几何形状的方法，该金属端盖适用于相互连接到容器的颈部上，该方法包括：
a)提供金属端盖，该金属端盖包括周边盖钩；从周边盖钩向下延伸的夹壁；埋头部分，该埋头部分具有相互连接到夹壁的下端上的外面板壁；以及相互连接到中心面板上的内面板壁；
b)提供成形工具，该成形工具围绕中心轴线旋转，所述成形工具具有带预定形状的外表面；
c)将所述成形工具的所述外表面定位成与内面板壁、外面板壁和夹壁中的至少一个接触，其中当所述成形工具啮合所述金属端盖时，在所述端盖中产生预定形状。
在本发明的另一方面，成形辊相互连接到围绕给定轴线旋转的装置上，该装置使得成形辊定位成抵靠端盖，以便产生优选的形状。也可选择，端盖围绕基本静止的一个或多个成形辊旋转。因此，本发明的另一方面是提供一种装置，用于通过利用围绕基本静止的端盖旋转的工具在金属端盖中形成优选的几何形状，该装置包括：
用于使所述端盖保持在基本静止位置的设备；
容器旋压成形组件，其包括对齐成与端盖为相对关系的辊支座，所述辊支座具有外环形边缘和导前表面；
用于使所述旋压成形组件旋转的旋转设备；
一对改造辊，该对改造辊从所述辊支座导前表面向外凸出，且该对改造辊的操作尺寸设置成啮合容器端盖的内面板壁；以及
相互操作地连接到所述一对改造辊上的偏压设备，其中，当力由端盖施加在所述一对改造辊的环形凸缘上时，所述改造辊朝着所述辊支座的所述外环形边缘向外延伸，且其中在端盖的内面板壁上产生优选的几何形状。
本发明的另一方面是提供改进的端盖几何形状，其能够利用前述装置和方法而获得，且不能利用一般的已知的模压来获得。在一个实施例中，一个或多个向内或向外延伸的加强卷边形成于夹壁或者埋头部分的内面板壁或外面板壁中，以便在容器端盖中产生要求的形状。更具体地说，提供了一种适用于相互连接到容器本体的侧壁上的金属端盖，包括：
周边盖钩；
从所述周边盖钩向下延伸的夹壁；
埋头部分，包括相互连接到所述夹壁的下端上的外面板壁和相互连接到中心面板上的内面板；以及
沟槽，具有定位于所述埋头部分的所述内面板或所述外面板中的至少一个内的预定的几何形状，其中，在所述沟槽处在所述内面板壁和外面板壁之间的距离小于在埋头部分的下部分中在外面板壁和下面板壁之间的距离。
附图说明
图1是表示在改造或旋压成形之前本发明一个实施例的正剖视图；
图2是图1所示实施例的正剖视图，表示了内部改造，其中沟槽定位在内面板壁上；
图2A是表示图2所示的改造的变化形式的正剖视图；
图3是本发明可选择实施例的正剖视图，其中外面板壁进行改造；
图3A是表示图3所示的实施例的变化形式的正剖视图；
图4是表示外壳端盖的正剖图，它已经在内面板壁和外面板壁上都进行了改造；
图5是本发明一个实施例的正透视图，表示改造的内面板壁；
图6是本发明可选择实施例的正透视图，表示改造的外面板壁；
图7是本发明可选择实施例的正透视图，其中内面板壁和外面板壁都进行了改造；
图8是表示容器端盖在内面板壁和外面板壁都进行了改造后的正剖视图，并进一步表示了改造组件；
图9是进一步表示一个改造工具实施例的部件在将沟槽定位在端盖的内面板壁中之前的正剖视图；
图10是表示容器端盖的正剖视图，该容器端盖相对改造工具定位，并恰好在改造之前；
图10A是图10所示的实施例在改造沟槽定位在内面板壁中之后的正剖视图；
图11是容器端盖的俯视正透视图，该容器端盖定位于旋压成形组件的顶部上，并表示了与容器端盖的外面板壁操作接触的改形辊；以及
图12是图11的旋压成形组件的另一可选择实施例，表示了两个内部改造辊和四个改形辊。
为了清楚，下面是图中一般表示的部件的列表：
标号    部件
2       端盖
4     中心面板
6     周边盖钩
8     夹壁
10    埋头部分
12    埋头部分内面板壁
14    埋头部分外面板壁
16    沟槽
18    容器
20    容器颈部
22    双接缝
24    面板半径
26    内部改造半径
28    外部改造半径
30    改造间隙
32    旋压成形组件
34    辊支座
36    改造辊
38    辊支座导前表面
40    辊支座中心孔
42    安装轴
44    改形辊
具体实施方式
下面参考图1至11，这里提供了本发明的不同的实施例。更具体地说，图1表示了在进行改造或“旋压成形”过程之前典型的饮料容器端盖外壳。更具体地说，端盖2通常包括周边盖钩6和夹壁8，该夹壁从周边盖钩6延伸且互相连接到下端上的埋头部分10。埋头部分10通常包括内面板壁12和外面板壁14，其中内面板壁12相互连接到中心面板4上。
下面参考图2，图2表示图1的端盖在内面板壁进行改造或旋压成形过程之后。更具体地说，在内部改造工具定位后，沟槽16形成于埋头部分的内面板壁中，从而改变了几何形状，且在该特殊实施例中提供了半径为大约0.035英寸的沟槽。本领域技术人员应当理解，沟槽16的实际几何形状和/或尺寸对于本发明并不重要，而是在一个实施例中的新颖性涉及使沟槽16形成各种几何形状的方法，这些几何形状可以使用该方法来获得，它们在普通模压中是不能实现或不可能进行的。根据用于形成这些几何形状的这些新颖方法和装置，可以形成独特和新颖的端盖几何形状，这些端盖几何形状不能通过普通的模压形成。在一个实施例中，预计在内面板壁12或外面板壁14上的沟槽可以有大约0.005-0.035英寸之间的半径。下面参考图2A，这里提供了与图2稍微不同的几何形状，其中，内面板壁在埋头部分的最低部分附近处有不同形状，并且与图2中所示的实施例完全不同。
下面参考图3和3A，这里提供了本发明的可选择实施例，其中沟槽16定位在埋头部分10的外面板壁上。图3A表示了图3中所示实施例的变化形式，其中几何形状不同，沟槽16并不象图3所示实施例那样显著，并且定位在外面板壁16的下部。如图3中进一步所示，根据沟槽16的深度，产生改造间隙30，该改造间隙30的尺寸可以在大约0.070-0.005英寸之间。也可选择，改造间隙30可以通过产生深沟槽16而完全消除。
下面参考图4，这里提供了本发明的可选择实施例，其中端盖2的内面板壁12和外面板壁14都进行改造，以便产生基本彼此相对的沟槽16。尽管在本实施例中提供了改造间隙30，但是如上所述，在内面板壁和/或外面板壁上的沟槽可以足够深，以便完全消除间隙30，且其中内面板壁和外面板相互接触。在各实施例中，在沟槽16之间的尺寸小于在内面板壁12和外面板壁14的最低部分之间的尺寸。
下面参考图5-7，这里提供了本发明可选择实施例的正透视图。更具体地说，图5是表示具有位于内面板壁上的沟槽16的端盖2的实施例，而图6是表示位于埋头部分10的外面板壁上的沟槽16的局部正透视图。也可选择，图7是表示位于埋头部分10的内面板壁和外面板壁上的沟槽16的正剖视透视图。
下面参考图8，图中提供了进一步表示双改造或旋压成形组件32的一个实施例的正剖视图，该组件32用于使端盖2形成所要求的几何形状。这里的术语“改造”或“旋压成形”可以描述为改变内面板壁和/或外面板壁的几何形状，或者术语“改形”可以附加地用于描述相同程序。在图8所示的附图中，改造辊36表示为在与埋头部分的内面板壁啮合之后，而改形辊44表示为恰好在与端盖2的外面板壁啮合之后，以便产生优选的几何形状42。在一个实施例中，改造辊和改形辊44相互连接到安装轴42和辊支座组件32上，该组件32用于支承和使辊支座端部或改形辊44旋转。
现在参考图9，图中表示了本发明的可选择实施例，其中辊支座改造和改形组件32表示为处于与端盖2相对的位置，并恰好在埋头部分的内面板壁中预制沟槽16之前。如前所述，根据改造辊36的几何形状，沟槽16的几何形状和深度可以根据端盖2的性能标准而可以是任意尺寸和尺度。
现在参考图10和10A，图中提供了正剖视图，图中附加详细表示了恰好在图10中的改造之前和在图10A中的改造之后的改造辊36。如图所示，在改造辊36布置成与端盖2的内面板壁接触之后，在中心面板4和埋头部分10之间产生沟槽16。端盖2通常保持静止，而改造辊36旋转，虽然也可选择改造辊36可以保持静止，而端盖2环绕与改造组件的驱动轴基本平行或与驱动轴组件垂直的轴线旋转。
下面参考图11，图中提供了本发明一个实施例的正透视图，该图更清楚地表示了辊支座34、辊支座导前表面38以及定位成与端盖2相对关系的改形辊44。尽管图11表示了两个相互连接到辊支座板34上的改形辊44，但是本领域技术人员应当理解，可以使用少至一个和多至四个或五个的改造辊和/或改形辊或旋压成形辊，以便在容器端盖中提供优选的几何形状。
图12表示了旋压辊装置32的可选择实施例，图中没有表示与该旋压辊装置啮合的端盖。如图所示，在本实施例中的旋压成形装置包括两个设计成向外运动的改造辊36；以及四个通常设计成在旋压成形操作过程中与端盖的外面板壁啮合的改形辊44。
尽管已经介绍了优选实施例的各种可选择形式，但是本领域技术人员很容易意识到其它可选择形式。因此，应当理解，在不脱离本发明精神和中心特征的情况下，本发明可以以其它特定形式实施。因此，本实例和实施例在各方面都认为是解释性的而不是限制性的，而且本发明并不局限于这里所述的细节。

Claims (21)

1.一种用于改变金属端盖的几何形状的方法，该金属端盖适用于相互连接到容器的颈部上，该方法包括：
a)提供金属端盖，其包括周边盖钩；从周边盖钩向下延伸的夹壁；具有相互连接到夹壁下端上的外面板壁的埋头部分；以及相互连接到中心面板上的内面板壁；
b)提供成形工具，其围绕中心轴线旋转，所述成形工具具有带预定形状的外表面；
c)将所述成形工具的所述外表面定位成与内面板壁、外面板壁和夹壁中的至少一个接触，其中在所述端盖中产生预定形状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括改造工具，其定位成与所述成形工具成相对关系，所述改造工具还包括预定的几何形状，以便在所述金属端盖中形成优选的形状。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述改造工具在外面板壁中形成优选的几何形状，所述成形工具在所述内面板壁中形成优选的形状。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，当所述成形工具旋转时，所述金属端盖保持在基本静止位置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，还包括用于使所述端盖保持在基本静止位置的保持设备。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述保持设备包括心轴，其摩擦啮合端盖并保持该端盖。
7.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述成形工具的外表面为弓形形状。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括操作地相互连接到成形工具上的偏压设备。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述偏压设备包括弹簧。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述成形工具包括至少一个基本圆形的辊。
11.一种用于改形金属端盖的装置，该金属端盖适用于相互连接到容器的颈部上，该装置包括：
用于使所述端盖保持在基本静止位置的设备；
容器旋压成形组件，其包括对齐成与端盖为相对关系的辊支座，所述辊支座具有外环形边缘和导前表面；
用于使所述旋压成形组件旋转的旋转设备；
一对改造辊，其从所述辊支座导前表面向外凸出，并且可操作尺寸设置成啮合容器端盖的内面板壁；以及
操作地相互连接到所述一对改造辊上的偏压设备，其中当力由端盖施加在所述一对改造辊的环形凸缘上时，所述改造辊朝着所述辊支座的所述外环形边缘向外延伸，其中在端盖的内面板壁上产生优选的几何形状。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述旋转设备包括电动机。
13.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，用于保持所述端盖的所述设备包括心轴，其摩擦啮合端盖的中心面板的至少一部分。
14.根据权利要求11所述的装置，还包括一对改形辊，其相互连接到旋转设备上，并适用于啮合端盖的外面板壁。
15.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述偏压设备包括弹簧和轴承中的至少一个。
16.一种适用于相互连接到容器本体的侧壁的金属端盖，包括：
周边盖钩；
从所述周边盖钩向下延伸的夹壁；
埋头部分，包括相互连接到所述夹壁的下端上的外面板壁和相互连接到中心面板上的内面板；以及
沟槽，带有定位于所述埋头部分的所述内面板或所述外面板中的至少一个内的预定的几何形状，其中在所述沟槽处在所述内面板壁和外面板壁之间的距离小于在埋头部分的下部分中在外面板壁和下面板壁之间的距离。
17.根据权利要求16所述的金属端盖，其中，所述沟槽的曲率半径在大约0.010英寸和0.060英寸之间。
18.根据权利要求16所述的金属端盖，其中，所述内面板壁在所述沟槽处与外面板壁接触。
19.根据权利要求16所述的金属端盖，其中，所述夹壁具有非线性形状。
20.根据权利要求16所述的金属端盖，还包括位于所述夹壁中的第二沟槽。
21.根据权利要求16所述的金属端盖，其中，所述内面板壁和所述外面板壁有砂漏截面几何形状。
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EP2392421B1 (en) 2015-05-20
CN101227987B (zh) 2012-08-08
ES2543797T3 (es) 2015-08-21
BRPI0613792A2 (pt) 2012-12-11
EP1907150A4 (en) 2009-09-23
WO2007005564A3 (en) 2007-08-09
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PL2392421T3 (pl) 2015-10-30
US7743635B2 (en) 2010-06-29
US20070007294A1 (en) 2007-01-11
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CA2613527A1 (en) 2007-01-11
EP2392421A1 (en) 2011-12-07
US8205477B2 (en) 2012-06-26
ATE526098T1 (de) 2011-10-15
EP1907150B1 (en) 2011-09-28
US20090120943A1 (en) 2009-05-14
EP1907150A2 (en) 2008-04-09
US20100243663A1 (en) 2010-09-30
CA2613527C (en) 2011-02-01
US7506779B2 (en) 2009-03-24
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EP2392421B9 (en) 2015-10-28

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