CN101239530B - Stereo carving machine - Google Patents

Stereo carving machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101239530B
CN101239530B CN200810060107XA CN200810060107A CN101239530B CN 101239530 B CN101239530 B CN 101239530B CN 200810060107X A CN200810060107X A CN 200810060107XA CN 200810060107 A CN200810060107 A CN 200810060107A CN 101239530 B CN101239530 B CN 101239530B
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screw mandrel
fixed
crossbeam
workbench
toolframe
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CN200810060107XA
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CN101239530A (en
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吴善旺
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Zhang Caizhen
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Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional engraving machine, which belongs to the field of mechanical technology. The invention solves the problems that the existing engraving machine does not slide smoothly, has poor stability and low accuracy of transmission. The three-dimensional engraving machine comprises a frame and a crossbeam which is fixedly installed above the frame and horizontal positioned. A tool rack is installed in the side face of the crossbeam and is used for installing cutting tools. A horizontal trailing bar is installed between the tool rack and the crossbeam, connected by horizontal guideways in horizontal direction. A vertical trailing bar is installed between the tool rack and the horizontal trailing bar, connected by vertical guideways in vertical direction. The tool rack is fixedly installed on the vertical trailing bar. A working platform is placed beneath the crossbeam and has some workpiece clamping mechanisms corresponding to the cutting tools. At least one vertical guideway is horizontally and longitudinally positioned between the frame and the working platform to connect the frame and the working platform. A drive mechanism three is installed on the frame to drive the working platform to move along the vertical guideway. The three-dimensional engraving machine has the advantages of good moving stability and high accuracy of movement and location.

Description

Solid carving machine
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, relate to a kind of solid carving machine, particularly a kind of solid carving machine.
Background technology
In the prior art, the head of engraving machine is all pressed the direction motion that the right angle three-dimensional system of coordinate is set up.As Chinese patent application number is 95226290.8 disclosed " 3 D auto track intelligent numerical control engraving machines ", in its engraving machine base motor servo driver is arranged, there is servomotor to be connected on the support with gearbox, dovetail guide is arranged between the planker in length and breadth, worm wheel gearbox is loaded on the cross slide left side, the column upper surface is useful on the lifting planker of dress cutter, can realize the three-dimensional motion of workpiece and cutter by this structure.
The disclosed engraving machine of above-mentioned patent application can only be processed the less handicraft of some sizes, as small size objects such as jadeware, ivorys, for then being suitable for greater than large-sized object more than 1 meter such as large-scale handicrafts such as the figure of buddha.Because in the three-dimensional motion of the large-sized engraving machine of engraving, the mobile accuracy of head and locating accuracy be by be important, otherwise a large amount of substandard products will occur, can damage machine in the time of seriously.
And engraving machine that can machining large-sized workpiece, " CNC engraving machine " as Chinese patent application 200520092477.3, the workbench that it discloses gantry and has been supported by steelframe, on the vertical plane of gantry crossbeam, be provided with two line slideways, the main shaft guide rail bracket is sleeved on the crossbeam and is slidingly matched with line slideway, article two, line slideway is installed on the main shaft guide rail vertical surface, and the precision lead screw between two guide rails is by being connected and fixed wheeled shaft coupling and main shaft guide rail; Spindle motor is by being bolted on the main shaft frame, and the main shaft frame is sleeved on the main shaft guide rail bracket and is slidingly matched with guide rail; The header portion level at described gantry is overlapped on the upright arm upper end of steelframe both sides, fastens by bolt clip, and closely gear is fixed on the upright arm of described steelframe both sides with corresponding accurate tooth bar and is in transmission connection, and gantry and line slideway are slidingly matched.Because the crossbeam at gantry supports crossbeam by upright arm, being used for bearing the gravity that founds arm and crossbeam all concentrates on the guide rail of the both sides that are arranged on workbench, on the arm of force, also be provided with the motor that is used for the tooth bar transmission, make the holding capacity of guide rail increase, the resistance of crossbeam on guide rail also increases, influence the smoothness that crossbeam slides on guide rail, had a strong impact on the stability of engraving machine three-dimensional motion and the precision of transmission.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is above-mentioned problem, a kind of kinetic stability height is provided, moves and the high engraving machine of positioning accuracy at existing solid carving machine existence.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical proposal: a kind of solid carving machine, comprise frame and be fixed on the crossbeam that the frame top is provided with by horizontal cross, on the side of crossbeam, be provided for installing the toolframe of some cutters, between toolframe and crossbeam, be provided with the cross slide that is connected with the cross rail of horizontal cross setting, between cross slide and toolframe, be provided with the perpendicular piece that drags that is connected with vertically disposed perpendicular guide rail, above-mentioned toolholder holds is dragged on the piece perpendicular, described crossbeam is provided with and drives the driving mechanism one that cross slide moves along cross rail, on cross slide, be provided with and drive the perpendicular driving mechanism two that drags piece to move along perpendicular guide rail, it is characterized in that, described crossbeam below is provided with workbench, the workpiece grip mechanism identical with number of cutters is set on workbench, between frame and workbench, be provided with the vertical guide rail that two levels are vertically placed, on frame, be provided with and be used to drive the driving mechanism three that workbench moves along vertical guide rail.
This solid carving machine can be with cutter drives to the optional position of workpiece.Toolholder holds is dragged on the piece perpendicular, drags piece to be connected on the cross slide and erect, and in the three dimensions of setting up with cross rail, perpendicular guide rail and vertical guide rail, driving mechanism one drives cross slide and moves around on cross rail, realizes that the horizontal cross of cutter moves; Driving mechanism two drives the perpendicular piece that drags and moves around on perpendicular guide rail, realizes cutter moving on vertical vertical direction; Driving mechanism three drives workbench and moves around on vertical guide rail, realizes workpiece moving on level is vertical, and makes workbench through crossbeam.Only drag piece to be arranged on the crossbeam with perpendicular cross slide, the power that crossbeam is born is reduced, and crossbeam is fixed on the frame, has increased cross slide and has erected the stability of dragging piece, makes cross slide and erect to drag moving and the locating accuracy raising of piece, and defect rate reduces.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described driving mechanism three comprises the screw mandrel three that is arranged on the frame centre and be socketed in the contiguous block three that can move around on the screw mandrel three on screw mandrel three, and be fixed on drive motors three on the frame, above-mentioned screw mandrel three is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors three, and contiguous block three is fixed on the workbench.Drive motors three will drive screw mandrel and rotate, and will move around on screw mandrel with the contiguous block of screw mandrel socket, so just realize that workbench moves around longitudinally in level.The transmission progress height and the good positioning effect of screw mandrel transmission.Screw mandrel is arranged on the centre of frame, and the stress equalization of workbench when making the driving mechanism transmission has improved the stability that workbench moves, and moves and locating accuracy.
Second kind of situation as driving mechanism three, in above-mentioned solid carving machine, described driving mechanism three comprise tooth bar that the level that is fixed on workbench middle part is vertically placed and with the tooth bar meshed gears, be fixed with drive motors three on frame, above-mentioned gear is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors three.Drive motors three rotates driven gear, and gear is meshed with tooth bar again, and the tooth bar that is fixed on the workbench can move around along with the rotation of gear, has so just realized that workbench moves around longitudinally in level.Replace the screw mandrel transmission can lower the cost of manufacturing with gear drive, be fit to different consumption clients' demand.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described clamping device comprise be arranged on rotating rotating disk on the workbench and can with rotating disk form clamp workpiece and can on the rotating disk axis direction, stretch top.By rotating disk with top piece-holder is lived.The number of clamping device is corresponding one by one with cutter.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, be fixed with two cylindrical guides that are provided with along horizontal parallel longitudinal in the described workbench, on each cylindrical guide, be with slide block, on two slide blocks, be fixed with lath, above-mentioned top being fixed on the lath.Can piece-holder lived near behind the rotating disk top earlier by this structure.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described driving mechanism one comprises the screw mandrel one that is arranged on the crossbeam and is socketed in can be at the moving contiguous block one of screw mandrel travelling backwards at first on the screw mandrel one, and be fixed on drive motors one on the crossbeam, above-mentioned screw mandrel one is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors one, and contiguous block one is fixed on the cross slide.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described driving mechanism two comprises the screw mandrel two that is arranged on the cross slide and be socketed in the contiguous block two that can move around on the screw mandrel two on screw mandrel two, and be fixed on drive motors two on the cross slide, above-mentioned screw mandrel two is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors two, and contiguous block two is fixed on the toolframe of cutter.
The all available gear drive of driving mechanism one and driving mechanism two or the mode of band transmission synchronously realize, and be most preferred scheme in this programme with the screw mandrel transmission.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described toolframe is strip, and above-mentioned cutter is fixed on the toolframe for several and by mode arranged in a straight line.For operating efficiency is provided, this toolframe is made strip, so just a plurality of cutters can be installed side by side, can once process a plurality of workpiece simultaneously, realizes producing in batches.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described cross slide is positioned at the centre of toolframe.Come the balance toolframe by this structure, increase the stability of toolframe.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described cross rail, perpendicular guide rail and vertical guide rail respectively have two and be arranged in parallel.Can improve at cross rail, erect the mobile accuracy on guide rail and the vertical guide rail with two guide rails.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described drive motors one, drive motors two and drive motors three all are connected with electronic control system.Each drive motors is subjected to the control of electronic control system.The electronic control system here is all can be from the market enough.Drive motors can adopt stepper motor or servomotor.Under the control of electronic control system, according to the step of programming control cross slide, perpendicularly drag moving of piece and workbench, realize that cutter processes at an arbitrary position workpiece.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, described toolframe is provided with and the corresponding one by one water cooling high speed motor that is used to drive the cutter rotation that is provided with of cutter.
Compared with prior art, this solid carving machine has the following advantages:
1, in this solid carving machine, because on the workbench that workpiece place can be moved, workpiece movably scope increases, so the workpiece that this three-dimensional motion device can machining large, it is big to have increased the scope of application.
2, water-cooled machine and cutter all are arranged on the toolframe, and toolframe and cross slide all be connected on the crossbeam, and crossbeam is to be fixed on the frame, crossbeam is done horizontally vertically move, and has improved the stability that moves.
3, on toolframe, be provided with some cutters that are used to carve and be used to drive the water cooling high speed motor of cutter, improved operating efficiency.
4, driving mechanism one, driving mechanism two and driving mechanism three all adopt lead-screw drive mechanism, move and the positioning accuracy height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of this solid carving machine.
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional backsight structural representation of this solid carving machine.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of removing in this solid carving machine behind toolframe and the workbench.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of gear drive.
Among the figure, frame 1, base 1, base 2 12, toolframe 2, cross slide 3, perpendicular piece 4, crossbeam 5, workbench 6, cutter 7, water cooling high speed motor 8, cross rail 9, spring bearing 10, perpendicular guide rail 13, vertical guide rail 14, rotating disk 15, top 16, cylindrical guide 17, slide block 18, lath 19, worm gear reducer 20, screw mandrel 1, contiguous block 1, drive motors 1, screw mandrel 2 31, contiguous block 2 32, drive motors 2 33, screw mandrel 3 41, contiguous block 3 42, drive motors 3 43, tooth bar 44, gear 45, the rotary tray motor 51 of dragging.
The specific embodiment
Below be specific embodiments of the invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention be not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, this solid carving machine, comprise frame 1, toolframe 2, cross slide 3, erect driving mechanism one and the driving mechanism two that drags piece 4, crossbeam 5, workbench 6 and drive toolframe 2 and drive the driving mechanism three that workbench 6 moves, cutter 7 can be processed at an arbitrary position, so that finish incised work to workpiece.
Specifically, frame 1 is made of steel bar, and three steel bars connect into H shape base 1, and four steel bars connect into rectangular base 2 12 in addition, and an end of base 2 12 is fixed on by screw on the horizontal stripe of base 1, and the other end is done feet by a steel bar.Wherein, two steel bars of base 1 exceed horizontal stripe, and between these two steel bars the crossbeam 5 of placing with horizontal cross that is connected of the mode by welding.
Be provided with an elongated toolframe 2 on the leading flank of crossbeam 5, toolframe 2 one sides are provided with eight by cutter arranged in a straight line 7, and each cutter 7 is contained in the corresponding one by one water cooling high speed motor 8 that is used to drive cutter 7 rotations that is provided with.Length be housed be 2/3rds cross slide 3 of toolframe 2 between the opposite side of toolframe 2 and crossbeam 5, this cross slide 3 is in the centre position of toolframe 2, direction along crossbeam 5 on crossbeam 5 is placed with two cross rails that be arranged in parallel 9, one side of cross slide 3 has the dovetail groove corresponding with cross rail 9, and cross rail 9 cross-under realize being connected of cross slide 3 and cross rail 9 in dovetail groove.Crossbeam 5 is provided with and drives the driving mechanism one that cross slide 3 moves along cross rail 9, driving mechanism one comprises screw mandrel 1, be socketed in contiguous block 1 and drive motors 1 on the screw mandrel 1, screw mandrel 1 is arranged on the middle of two cross rails 9, can make cross slide 3 stressed even like this, in order to reduce the rotary resistance of screw mandrel 1, be fixed on the spring bearing 10 on the crossbeam 5 at the two ends of cross rail 9, drive motors 1 is fixed on the crossbeam 5, screw mandrel 1 directly is connected with the rotating shaft of drive motors 1, and contiguous block 1 is fixing by screw and cross slide 3.Rotate when the rotating shaft of drive motors 1 can drive screw mandrel 1, and the contiguous block 1 that is socketed on the screw mandrel 1 moves around at screw mandrel 1, thereby drive moving around of cross slide 3.
On the another side of cross slide 3, be provided with two perpendicular guide rails 13 of vertically placing and being arranged in parallel, on each perpendicular guide rail 13, be provided with a perpendicular piece 4 that drags, the perpendicular piece 4 that drags is connected on the perpendicular guide rail by the mode of dovetail groove, and each is perpendicular drags piece 4 and toolframe 2 to fixedly connected by screw.Cross slide 3 is provided with and drives the perpendicular driving mechanism two that drags piece 4 to move along perpendicular guide rail 13, driving mechanism two comprises screw mandrel 2 31, is socketed in contiguous block 2 32 and drive motors 2 33 on the screw mandrel 2 31, screw mandrel 2 31 is arranged on the middle of two perpendicular guide rails 13, in order to reduce the rotary resistance of screw mandrel 2 31, be fixed on the spring bearing 10 on the cross slide 3 at the two ends of perpendicular guide rail 13, drive motors 2 33 is fixed on the cross slide 3, screw mandrel 2 31 directly is connected with the rotating shaft of drive motors 2 33, and contiguous block 2 32 is fixing by screw and toolframe 2.Rotate when the rotating shaft of drive motors 2 33 can drive screw mandrel 2 31, and the contiguous block 2 32 that is socketed on the screw mandrel 2 31 moves around at screw mandrel 2 31, thereby drive moving around of toolframe 2.
Workbench 6 is made of rectangular-shaped steel bar, be installed on the base 2 12, fixes two vertical guide rails 14 that are arranged in parallel on the base 2 12 longitudinally along level.The bottom of workbench 6 has the dovetail groove corresponding with indulging guide rail 14, and vertical guide rail 14 cross-under realize being connected of workbench 6 and perpendicular guide rail 13 in dovetail groove.Base 2 12 is provided with and drives the driving mechanism three that workbench 6 moves along perpendicular guide rail 13, driving mechanism three comprises screw mandrel 3 41, be socketed in contiguous block 3 42 and drive motors 3 43 on the screw mandrel 3 41, screw mandrel 3 41 is arranged on the middle of two perpendicular guide rails 13, can make workbench 6 stressed even like this, in order to reduce the rotary resistance of screw mandrel 1, be fixed on the spring bearing 10 of base 2 12 at the two ends of perpendicular guide rail 13, drive motors 3 43 is fixed on the base 2 12, screw mandrel 3 41 is connected with the rotating shaft of drive motors 3 43, and contiguous block is fixing by screw and workbench 6.Rotate when the rotating shaft of drive motors 3 43 can drive screw mandrel 3 41, and the contiguous block 3 42 that is socketed on the screw mandrel 3 41 moves around at screw mandrel 3 41, thereby drive moving around of workbench 6.On workbench 6, be provided with and the identical workpiece grip mechanism of cutter 7 quantity, clamping device comprise rotating disk 15 and can with rotating disk 15 clamp be held workpiece and can on rotating disk 15 axis directions, stretch top 16, workbench 6 is provided with eight worm gear reducers 20, the output shaft of each worm gear reducer 20 is fixedlyed connected with rotating disk 15, the power shaft of worm gear reducer 20 draws a straight line, and drives eight worm gear reducers 20 by rotary tray motor 51 and drive.By rotating disk 15 and top 16 piece-holder is lived.Be fixed with two cylindrical guides 17 that are provided with along horizontal parallel longitudinal in the workbench 6, on each cylindrical guide 17, be with slide block 18, on two slide blocks 18, be fixed with 19, eight top 16 of laths and be fixed on the lath 19.Because workbench 6 is in the below of crossbeam 5, workbench 6 can move to workpiece toolframe 2 times, and workpiece is processed.
Drive motors 1, drive motors 2 33 and drive motors 3 43 all are connected with electronic control system, and the drive motors in this example can adopt servomotor.Electronic control system comprises programmable device, dsp controller, driver.
The toolframe 2 of this solid carving machine is fixed on perpendicular dragging on the piece 4, drag piece 4 to be connected on the cross slide 3 and erect, in the three dimensions of setting up with cross rail 9, perpendicular guide rail 13 and vertical guide rail 14, driving mechanism one drives cross slide 3 and moves around on cross rail 9, realizes that the horizontal cross of cutter 7 moves; Driving mechanism two drives to erect and drags piece 4 to move around on perpendicular guide rail 13, realizes cutter 7 moving on vertical vertical direction; Driving mechanism three drives workbench 6 and moves around on vertical guide rail 14, realizes workpiece moving on level is vertical, and makes workbench 6 through crossbeams 5.Before using, earlier the program of finishing is input in the dsp controller, export to each driver respectively after converting former code to control signal by dsp controller, work by the driver control drive motors.Under the control of electronic control system, control cross slide 3, erect and drag moving of piece 4 and workbench 6 according to the step of programming, realize the three-dimensional processing of 7 pairs of workpiece of cutter.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 4, the content of embodiment 2 is basic identical with embodiment 1, difference be tooth bar 44 that described driving mechanism three comprises that the level that is fixed on workbench 6 middle parts is vertically placed and with tooth bar 44 meshed gears 45, be fixed with drive motors 3 43 on frame 1, above-mentioned gear 45 is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors 3 43.Drive motors 3 43 rotates driven gear 45, and gear 45 is meshed with tooth bar 44 again, and the tooth bar 44 that is fixed on the workbench 6 can move around along with the rotation of gear 45, has so just realized that workbench 6 moves around longitudinally in level.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.The technical staff of the technical field of the invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used frame 1, base 1, base 2 12, toolframe 2, cross slide 3, the perpendicular terms such as piece 4, crossbeam 5, workbench 6, cutter 7, water cooling high speed motor 8, cross rail 9, spring bearing 10, perpendicular guide rail 13, vertical guide rail 14, rotating disk 1515, top 16, screw mandrel 1, contiguous block 1, drive motors 1, screw mandrel 2 31, contiguous block 2 32, drive motors 2 33, screw mandrel 3 41, contiguous block 3 42, drive motors 3 43, tooth bar 44, gear 45 that drag morely, do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. solid carving machine, comprise frame (1) and be fixed on the crossbeam (5) that frame (1) top is provided with by horizontal cross, on the side of crossbeam (5), be provided for installing the toolframe (2) of some cutters (7), between toolframe (2) and crossbeam (5), be provided with the cross slide (3) that is connected with the cross rail (9) of horizontal cross setting, between cross slide (3) and toolframe (2), be provided with the perpendicular piece (4) that drags that is connected with vertically disposed perpendicular guide rail (13), above-mentioned toolframe (2) is fixed on perpendicular dragging on the piece (4), described crossbeam (5) is provided with and drives the driving mechanism one that cross slide (3) moves along cross rail (9), on cross slide (3), be provided with and drive the perpendicular driving mechanism two that drags piece (4) to move along perpendicular guide rail (13), it is characterized in that, described crossbeam (5) below is provided with workbench (6), go up setting and the identical workpiece grip mechanism of cutter (7) quantity at workbench (6), between frame (1) and workbench (6), be provided with the vertical guide rail (14) that two levels are vertically placed, on frame (1), be provided with and be used to drive the driving mechanism three that workbench (6) moves along vertical guide rail (14); Described workbench (6) constitutes rectangular-shaped by steel bar and workpiece can be moved under the toolframe (2); Described clamping device comprises that being arranged on workbench (6) goes up rotating rotating disk (15) and can form top (16) that clamp workpiece and can stretch on rotating disk (15) axis direction with rotating disk (15); Be fixed with two cylindrical guides (17) that are provided with along horizontal parallel longitudinal in the described workbench (6), on each cylindrical guide (17), be with slide block (18), be fixed with lath (19) on two slide blocks (18), above-mentioned top (16) are fixed on the lath (19).
2. solid carving machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving mechanism three comprises the screw mandrel three (41) that is arranged on frame (1) centre and be socketed in the contiguous block three (42) that can move around on the screw mandrel three (41) on screw mandrel three (41), and be fixed on drive motors three (43) on the frame (1), above-mentioned screw mandrel three (41) is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors three (43), and contiguous block three (42) is fixed on the workbench (6).
3. solid carving machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving mechanism three comprise tooth bar (44) that the level that is fixed on workbench (6) middle part is vertically placed and with tooth bar (44) meshed gears (45), be fixed with drive motors three (43) on frame (1), above-mentioned gear (45) is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors three (43).
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described solid carving machines, it is characterized in that, described driving mechanism one comprises the screw mandrel one (21) that is arranged on the crossbeam (5) and be socketed in the contiguous block one (22) that can move around on the screw mandrel one (21) on screw mandrel one (21), and be fixed on drive motors one (23) on the crossbeam (5), above-mentioned screw mandrel one (21) is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors one (23), and contiguous block one (22) is fixed on the cross slide (3).
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described solid carving machines, it is characterized in that, described driving mechanism two comprises the screw mandrel two (31) that is arranged on the cross slide (3) and be socketed in the contiguous block two (32) that can move around on the screw mandrel two (31) on screw mandrel two (31), and be fixed on drive motors two (33) on the cross slide (3), above-mentioned screw mandrel two (31) is connected in the rotating shaft of drive motors two (33), and contiguous block two (32) is fixed on the toolframe (2) of cutter (7).
6. solid carving machine according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described toolframe (2) is strip, and above-mentioned cutter (7) is fixed on the toolframe (2) for several and by mode arranged in a straight line.
7. solid carving machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described cross slide (3) is positioned at the centre of toolframe (2).
8. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described solid carving machines, it is characterized in that described cross rail (9), perpendicular guide rail (13) and vertical guide rail (14) respectively have two and be arranged in parallel.
CN200810060107XA 2008-03-06 2008-03-06 Stereo carving machine Expired - Fee Related CN101239530B (en)

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