CN101299938B

CN101299938B - Body protecting device

Info

Publication number: CN101299938B
Application number: CN2006800409746A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彼得·萨伊奇
Original assignee: Lloyd Scotland Ltd
Current assignee: Lloyd Scotland Ltd
Priority date: 2005-10-31
Filing date: 2006-10-31
Publication date: 2011-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2026-10-31
Also published as: US20080307568A1; GB2431859A; CN101299938A; EP1942759B1; GB0522148D0; EP1942759A2; ES2372867T3; JP2009513841A; ATE523102T1; JP5086268B2; WO2007052015A2; WO2007052015A3

Abstract

A body protecting device for wearing by a user comprising: an impact surface; and an array of energy absorbing cells, wherein each of said cells comprises a tube, and wherein the longitudinal axis of the tubes of one or more of said cells is arranged at an oblique angle to the impact surface.

Description

Body protecting device

The present invention relates to body protecting device.Especially but not exclusively, not the present invention relates to be used in the energy absorbing material in equipment with big relatively curvature such as safety cap, elbow support, knee-pad, shoulder protector etc.

Safety cap comprises the skin of the rigid plastic material that is essentially sphere and the internal layer of elastomeric material such as rigid foam traditionally.Firm skin serves as impact surface, bump stroke (impact load) is delivered to more equably the internal layer of absorption by the energy of bump stroke generation.

The purpose of any body protecting device is, at first reduces to be delivered to user's initial bump stroke, secondly absorbs all bump loads with control with stable manner.The hardness of equipment or energy absorption sensitivity (energy absorbing response) change normally very desirable in entire equipment.Generally, the liner of crash helmet can have the variable density part between two to ten.The optimal material that provides a kind of equipment or be used for this equipment, wherein hardness or energy absorption sensitivity can easily be changed.The liner that is provided at diverse location use different materials or different geometrical arrangements is not known.

As everyone knows, usually, body protecting device, especially motorcycle crash helmet are more vulnerable to bump in the specific region or the position of equipment.And some part of user's body is easier to come to harm than other parts, or the result of injury is more serious.Therefore a kind of equipment that has the protection of highest level in these corresponding zones preferably is provided.Yet all provide this device fabrication that high level is protected to get up in all positions more difficult or more expensive.

A kind of body protecting device that comprises the array of energy absorbing tube is disclosed in WO 2005/060778.These pipes are arranged such that in use they are axially loaded.This equipment surpasses the legacy equipment that uses stiff foam material to absorb Impact energy on performance.

Axially the column that loads is at the structural collision protection that is used to improve vehicle, roadside device etc. for a period of time.The column of each these known system does not generally link to each other and works independently.

It would be desirable that the columnar metal thing presents many criplings and folding fault mode (multiplelocal buckling and folding failure mode), and this is effective in absorbing Impact energy.Plastics and compound column have much absorbing the effective fault mode of Impact energy, but all these patterns relate generally to the progression crushing of an end of column.

The performance of plastics and compound column and fault mode depend on the complex interactions of a lot of different parameters, comprise the fiber alignment in the material, geometry (shape and thickness), compound of use, the use and the loading condiction of trigger.Yet these parameters of careful selection can be created in the safety means that surpass the metallic equivalent thing on the performance.

No matter the material that uses how, the array of living the shape thing separately parallel with load or coaxial arrangement is found usually effective energy absorption can be provided, and can improve the stability of safety means.When post flexing or when crushing gradually, column often produces the energy absorption of relative constant level.

The cylindrical structural member that uses one or more horizontal loadings also is known.In other words, the axle of cylindrical structural member is vertical with load.When circular cross section was flattened gradually, Impact energy was absorbed.

Use has the directional fiber that strengthens in host material composite is known.Can change the direction of fiber, so that the load sensitivity of expectation to be provided with respect to load.Yet because host material is a solid, composite density is big relatively.In addition, has the load sensitivity of composite of fiber of angled orientation generally by the Characteristics Control of host material.The order of magnitude of these characteristics is lower than the order of magnitude of fibrous material usually.In addition, though material can have the fiber that becomes the inclination angle to arrange with load, structure is still parallel or vertical with load on the whole.

According to a first aspect of the invention, provide the body protecting device of being dressed by the user, it comprises:

Impact surface;

The array of energy absorption units (array of energy absorbing cell), each in the wherein said unit all comprises pipe, and one or more the longitudinal axis of pipe in the wherein said unit is arranged to become the angle of inclination with impact surface.

Term " pipe " is used to represent to have the hollow structure of any rule or irregular geometry.

Preferably, pipe has cylindricality or pyramidal structure, is most preferably cylindrical or conical structure.

Preferably, the longitudinal axis of pipe is arranged to become with line perpendicular to impact surface the angle between 5 ° to 45 °, most preferably is arranged to become with line perpendicular to impact surface the angle between 5 ° to 30 °.

Preferably, being in tilted layout of pipe is suitable for being provided for producing the arrangement for deflecting (deflecting means) of bump object in the lateral deflection of the bump at impact surface place.

Preferably, impact surface is protruding.Alternatively, impact surface is smooth or recessed.

Preferably, body protecting device has the skin that impact surface is provided.Preferably, body protecting device has inner surface, and the axle of one or more pipes extends towards inner surface from impact surface.Preferably, body protecting device comprises the internal layer that inner surface is provided.Preferably, body protecting device comprises the intermediate layer of the array that energy absorption units is provided.

Preferably, described array is positioned at the specific region in the plane of body protecting device.Preferably, a plurality of arrays are arranged on the discontinuous position of body protecting device.Preferably, the intermediate layer comprises a plurality of arrays that are arranged on the discontinuous position below the impact surface.

Preferably, one or more in described a plurality of arrays comprises pipe, described pipe be oriented to described a plurality of arrays in the different inclination angle of pipe of other array.Preferably, equipment also comprises the one or more arrays of pipe, one of them or more the axle of multitube be arranged to become vertical angle with impact surface.

Preferably, each in described a plurality of array all comprises the insert that is arranged on the spacer member place.Preferably, spacer member is formed by foamed material at least.

Preferably, body protecting device comprises safety cap.Alternatively, body protecting device comprises safety pad or the liner that is used for clothes.Term " body protecting device " also is intended to comprise the liner that is used for safety cap, safety pad etc.

Preferably, each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described adjacent sidewalls is the sidewall of another pipe at least.Preferably, each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described sidewall is connected to the sidewall of another pipe at least.

Preferably, each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described sidewall is connected to the sidewall of another pipe at least by adhesive.Preferably, each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described sidewall is connected to the sidewall of another pipe at least along the length of described pipe in fact.

Preferably, each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described sidewall is welded to or is fused to the sidewall of another pipe at least.

One or more pipes can and comprise that the outer core of second material forms by the inner core that comprises first material.Preferably, each in first and second materials all is polymer.Preferably, second material has the fusion temperature lower than first material.

Preferably, each pipe all approaches or is adjacent at least three other pipes in fact.Preferably, each pipe all approaches or is adjacent to six other pipes on the matter.

Preferably, each pipe all has the diameter between 2 to 25mm.Preferably, each pipe all has the diameter of about 8mm.

Preferably, the sidewall thickness of each pipe is less than 0.5mm.Preferably, the sidewall thickness of each pipe is between 0.1 to 0.3mm.

Preferably, the length of each pipe is between 10 to 50mm.

Preferably, the array of energy absorption units is set to an integral material.Preferably, the density of described material is 60 to 100kg/m ³Between, be most preferably about 80kg/m ³

Preferably, described integral material comprises Merlon, polypropylene, polyethylene, PEI, polyether sulfone, PPSU (polyphenylsulphone), polyvinyl chloride, PET, ethylene vinyl acetate or acronitrile-butadiene-styrene.Preferably, material comprises TubusHoneycombs ^TM

According to a second aspect of the invention, provide the body protecting device of being dressed by the user, it comprises:

Impact surface;

The array of energy absorption units, wherein each unit all comprises pipe; And

Arrangement for deflecting, it is suitable for producing the lateral deflection of bump object at the bump at impact surface place.

Preferably, arrangement for deflecting is provided with by the angle that the axle with one or more pipes is arranged to become with impact surface.

Preferably, the axle of one or more pipes is arranged to become with line perpendicular to impact surface the angle between 5 ° to 45 °, most preferably becomes the angle between 5 ° to 30 ° with line perpendicular to impact surface.

Preferably, described array is positioned at the specific region in the plane of described equipment.Preferably, a plurality of arrays are arranged on the diverse location place of equipment.Preferably, one or more in described a plurality of arrays comprises pipe, described pipe be oriented to described a plurality of arrays in the different inclination angle of pipe of other array.Preferably, liner also comprises the one or more arrays of pipe, one of them or more the axle of multitube be arranged to become vertical angle with impact surface.

It should be understood that arrangement for deflecting is suitable for making impinging upon more than producing lateral deflection on one the direction of bump object, and this depends on the position of object strikes equipment.

According to a third aspect of the invention we, provide the method that absorbs the energy that is produced by the bump stroke that applies at first direction, it comprises:

The array of energy absorption units is provided, and each in the wherein said unit all comprises pipe;

Described array is oriented such that the longitudinal axis of pipe of one or more unit in the described unit and the angle that first direction tilts.

According to a forth aspect of the invention, provide the body protecting device of being dressed by the user, it comprises:

Spacer member, it is formed by first material, and defines one or more jacks in the plane of spacer member; And

One or more inserts, it is formed by second material, and described or each insert is positioned at the jack place of spacer member.

The plane that it should be understood that spacer member can be smooth or arc.

Described or each jack can be hole, recess or chamber.

Preferably, the select location place of spacer member in the plane of spacer member defines one or more jacks.

Preferably, first material comprises foam.Preferably, first material comprises the polystyrene of expansion.

Preferably, described or each insert comprises the array of energy absorption units, and wherein each unit all comprises pipe.Preferably, body protecting device has impact surface, and the axle of one or more pipes is arranged to become the angle of inclination with impact surface.Alternatively or additionally, the axle of one or more pipes can be arranged to become with impact surface vertical angle.

Preferably, being in tilted layout of pipe is suitable for being provided for making the bump object to produce the arrangement for deflecting of lateral deflection.

Preferably, body protecting device has inner surface, and the axle of one or more pipes extends towards inner surface from impact surface.

Preferably, the length of each pipe is between 10 to 50mm.

Preferably, the array of energy absorption units is set to an integral material.Preferably, the density of this material is 60 to 100kg/m ³Between, be most preferably about 80kg/m ³

Preferably, second material comprises Merlon, polypropylene, polyethylene, PEI, polyether sulfone, PPSU, polyvinyl chloride, PET, ethylene vinyl acetate or acronitrile-butadiene-styrene.Preferably, second material comprises Tubus Honeycombs ^TM

Preferably, described array defines the first and second discontinuous surfaces.Preferably, encapsulant is arranged on one or two place in the described first and second discontinuous surfaces.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, provide the method that forms the body protecting device of being dressed by the user, described method comprises:

Form spacer member by first material, spacer member defines one or more jacks in the plane of spacer member;

Form one or more inserts by second material; And

Described or each insert are positioned at the jack place of spacer member.

The plane that it should be understood that spacer member can be smooth or arc.

Preferably, the select location place of spacer member in the plane of spacer member defines a plurality of jacks.

Preferably, described method be included in form before the spacer member or during at described or each insert in location, described jack place.

Preferably, described method comprises described or each insert is encapsulated in the spacer member.

Preferably, described or each insert comprises the array of energy absorption units, and wherein each unit all comprises pipe.

Preferably, described array defines the first and second discontinuous surfaces.Preferably, described method comprises encapsulant is arranged on one or two place in the described first and second discontinuous surfaces.

Now only as an example, embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 (a) is the perspective view of safety cap according to a first aspect of the invention;

Fig. 1 (b) is the side cross-sectional view of a part of the safety cap of Fig. 1 (a);

Fig. 2 is the plane that is used in the tube array of the unit in the safety cap of Fig. 1 (a);

Fig. 3 is the side view that is used in the tube array of the unit in the safety cap of Fig. 1 (a);

Fig. 4 be the unit with load into the different test conditions of being arranged in of 5 ° of angles under the selected works of curve map of test result;

Fig. 5 be the unit with load into the different test conditions of being arranged in of 30 ° of angles under the selected works of curve map of test result;

Fig. 6 is to unit and the layout of loading into different angles and at the curve map of the summary of the test result of three kinds of stroke speeds and material at low temperatures;

Fig. 7 is to unit and the layout of loading into different angles and at the curve map of the summary of the test result of three kinds of stroke speeds and material at room temperature;

Fig. 8 is to unit and the layout of loading into different angles and at the curve map of the summary of the test result of three kinds of stroke speeds and material at high temperature;

Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional side view of the part of safety cap according to a forth aspect of the invention;

Figure 10 is the plane of described part of the safety cap of Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is the side view that shows the safety cap of test position; And

Figure 12 is the front view of the safety cap of Figure 11.

Fig. 1 (a) and first embodiment of body protecting device (b) is shown with the form of safety cap 10.Safety cap 10 comprises first material or core body 20, and it is clipped between second material or outer the 30 and the 3rd material or the internal layer 40.Outer 30 provide impact surface.In skin 30 and the internal layer 50 each all uses adhesives to arrive core body.In the present embodiment, each in first, second and the 3rd material all on whole (arc) of safety cap 10 main plane continuously.

Core body has the tubular structure that can be cylindrical arrangement as shown in Figure 2.Pipe 22 is arranged in the array that closely combines, so that minimize the gap between the adjacent tubes.

Fig. 3 (a) illustrates according to first of pipe 22 of the present invention and arranges, at this moment, pipe 22 is subjected to a load 50.Load 50 is vertical with the plane of core body 20.Each pipe 22 all has the longitudinal axis 24 that becomes inclination angle 26 with the direction of load 50.The longitudinal axis 24 of each pipe 22 also becomes reciprocal inclination angle 26 with the plane of core body.

Fig. 3 (b) illustrates according to second of pipe 22 of the present invention and arranges, at this moment, pipe 22 is subjected to the load 50 that applies at first direction.In this case, each pipe 22 all has the longitudinal axis vertical with the plane of core body 20 24.Yet core body 20 is arranged such that the plane of core body 20 becomes inclination angle 26 with first direction.This arranges that expression absorbs the other method of the energy that is produced by bump stroke.

Though Fig. 3 (a) and (b) pipe 22 horizontal layout is shown it should be understood that bump load to spherical structure such as head protector or safety pad is often on the direction vertical with the tangent line of spheroid.Therefore, identical being in tilted layout will appear when forming the core body of head protector or safety pad when canal curvature.

Each pipe all has thickness between the diameter, 0.1 to 0.3mm of 8mm and the length of about 35mm.This generation is approximately 4 length diameter ratio (ratio of length and diameter) and the aspect ratio between 25 to 80 (ratio of diameter and thickness).

The use of these geometry value, the low thickness that particularly uses produces the stable fault mode that obtains progressive bending, even pipe is angled with load.Avoided to cause the unstability of total flexing fault mode, because pipe is connected to adjacent pipe and by adjacent pipe support.Be connected at this pipe and provide such support around the vertical any direction of axle of isolated six other these pipes of Guan Zaiyu in ground on every side.

Can use adhesive that pipe is bonded together.Another suitable method is that the outer core by the inner core of first material and second material forms pipe, and core body is gone out by co-extruded.Second material may be selected to has the fusion temperature lower than first material.Generally, can use difference between 15 ° to 20 ° degrees centigrade.During forming, pipe can be heated to the temperature between the fusion temperature of first and second materials.This becomes the sidewall of pipe and welds or fuse together.This method allows more easily to form shape and uniformity preferably is provided during forming.

It should be understood that pipe does not need to be connected so that the support to each other to be provided, or or even do not need adjacency, as long as pipe is extremely approaching, make them after a small amount of distortion, begin to contact.

Having been found that the present invention surpasses on performance wherein manages parallel or perpendicular to the layout of load.Can think, be that the one-tenth angle of pipe arranges and produce reaction load (reaction load) that it has the component parallel with vertical with respect to load to this main cause.Vertical component is clashed into object with respect to the body protecting device lateral deflection at the deformation phases chien shih of pipe.Total one-tenth angular displacement of capitiform causes one period long total time to crash.In addition, the deflection of bump object has reduced the amplitude of load in parallel direction.Therefore, total Impact energy was absorbed with lower amplitude in one long period.

Another reason to premium properties of the present invention can be canal curvature and does not have flexing.Therefore except the pattern of the progressive flexing of showing, also has endergonic another pattern by traditional arrangement and the present invention.

Figure 4 and 5 are to the representative examples with the test result of the material of two kinds of different stroke speeds 4 and 6.7m/s bump according to the present invention.In addition, three kinds of different temperature of material have been used: the relatively-high temperature of-30 ℃ relative low temperature, 20 ℃ room temperature and 110 ℃.In Fig. 4, use and the limb of loading into 5 °.In Fig. 5, use and the limb of loading into 30 °.

The test result of Figure 4 and 5 is measured the acceleration of bump object during crash.Impact just in time is directly proportional with the acceleration of bump object, because impact only is the quality of rammer and the product of its acceleration.In each test, power increases with stable manner and then reduces.Therefore, Impact energy being absorbed with control with stable manner.

In Fig. 6 to 8, summed up different test results.Very clear, the impact that is delivered to the wearer of relevant body protecting device often reduces along with the increase of limb.Be this situation when room temperature or low temperature especially, room temperature or low temperature more may be environmental condition during use.

The high-speed video of crash is reset and is shown that the bump object is by lateral deflection when the pipe distortion.

In body protecting device, may change the angle of pipe with respect to impact surface, in entire equipment so that the hardness of material or energy absorption sensitivity change.Use complete core material to allow to have molded with the material of the array of the pipe of any angle up to 45 °.This has eliminated the needs with specific angle cutting material, and will cause sizable waste with specific angle cutting material.

Fig. 9 illustrates the body protecting device by user's wearing according to a forth aspect of the invention, is safety cap 100 once more.

Safety cap 100 comprises by first material, that is, and and the spacer member 110 that the polystyrene foam of expansion forms.Spacer member 110 defines a plurality of jacks or chamber 112 in inherent selected position, (arc) of spacer member 110 main plane.

The insert 120,122,124 that is formed by second material is encapsulated in each chamber.Alternatively, in spacer member 110, can form hole or recess.It is known that the method for such formation thing is provided in foamed material.

Insert 120,122,124 can be located during forming spacer member 110 or for example be inserted by form depression in spacer member 110 later on.

Each insert 120,122,124 comprises as being the array of the described energy absorbing tube of first embodiment of the present invention.For some inserts 122,124, the axle of pipe is arranged to the 102 one-tenth angles that tilt of impact surface with safety cap 100.And this specific inclination angle can be different to these inserts 122,124.For all the other inserts 120, the axle of pipe is arranged to and 102 one-tenth vertical angles of impact surface.

The plane of Figure 10 safety cap 100 that to be arrow 140 outwards refer to from the front of safety cap 100.

Front and back in the less radius cross section of having of safety cap 100, harder and use of safety cap 100 and impact surface 102 insert 120 at an angle of 90 are favourable.Two lateral parts in the bigger radius cross section of having of safety cap 100, the more pliable and tougher and use of safety cap 100 and 102 one-tenth 30 ° of impact surfaces and even the insert 124 at angle up to 45 ° be favourable.The top of safety cap 100 has the cross section of middle radius, and the insert 120 at 102 one-tenth 15 ° of angles of use and impact surface is favourable.

Can change according to the hardness of employed material or thickness and radius of curvature in the safety cap hardness of any ad-hoc location.Limb can be changed into the total energy absorption performance that satisfies these requirements and optimization safety cap 100.

As previously mentioned, the array of insert is set to a complete material.Insert can be any geometry.The stock size of insert is 75mm for square insert ², and be the diameter of 90mm for circular insert.

Each array defines first and second discontinuous surperficial 130 and 132.The encapsulant (not shown) is arranged on this two discontinuous surfaces.This stops foamed material to enter the open end of pipe.

Insert 120,122 provides the high-caliber protection of avoiding bump stroke.Array is positioned at specific predetermined zone, and in this zone, bump occurs more frequently, and itself and user are easier comes to harm or to injure the more serious body part of result adjacent.And the direction of pipe can be arranged to the protection of optimization to ad-hoc location.

Safety cap satisfies acceptable level of security often at these vulnerable position measurements to guarantee them.Two safety standards are European standard EC R22-05 and Unite States Standard SNELL 2005, and these two standards have all been specified similar test position.Figure 11 and Figure 12 illustrate the test position 151-155 of EC R22-05.

To the distance of test position 151-155 is to measure from the top that is positioned at face helmet hole 162 and the reference point 160 at center.These distances provide in standard.Insert can be arranged on each among the 151-155 of these positions.

In other zone of safety cap 100, acceptable protection level is still provided by foam spacer member 110.In fact, protection level equals only to use the protection level of the conventional security cap of foam core at least.

Can carry out various changes and improvement and not depart from scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. body protecting device of being dressed by the user comprises:

Impact surface;

The array of energy absorption units, each unit in the wherein said unit all comprises pipe, and the longitudinal axis of the described pipe of one or more unit in the wherein said unit is arranged to become the angle of inclination with described impact surface.

2. body protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described axle of each pipe is arranged to become with line perpendicular to described impact surface the angle between 5 ° to 45 °.

3. body protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described axle of each pipe is arranged to become with line perpendicular to described impact surface the angle between 15 ° to 30 °.

4. body protecting device as claimed in claim 1, being in tilted layout of wherein said pipe is suitable for being provided for producing the arrangement for deflecting of bump object in the lateral deflection of the bump at described impact surface place.

5. body protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said impact surface is protruding.

6. body protecting device as claimed in claim 1 comprises inner surface, and one of them or the more described axle of multitube extend towards described inner surface from described impact surface.

7. body protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of arrays are set at the diverse location of described body protecting device.

8. body protecting device as claimed in claim 7, one or more array in wherein said a plurality of arrays comprises pipe, described pipe be oriented to described a plurality of arrays in the pipe of other array become different inclinations angle.

9. body protecting device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said equipment also comprise the one or more arrays of pipe, one of them or more multitube the axle be arranged to become vertical angle with described impact surface.

10. body protecting device as claimed in claim 7, each in wherein said a plurality of arrays all comprises the insert that is arranged on the spacer member place.

11. body protecting device as claimed in claim 10, wherein said spacer member is formed by at least a foamed material.

12. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein said body protecting device is a safety cap.

13. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein each pipe all has sidewall in fact, described adjacent sidewalls is the described sidewall of another pipe at least.

14. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein each pipe all has sidewall in fact, described sidewall is connected to the described sidewall of another pipe at least.

15. body protecting device as claimed in claim 14, wherein each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described sidewall is connected to the described sidewall of another pipe at least by adhesive.

16. body protecting device as claimed in claim 14, wherein each pipe all has sidewall in fact, and described sidewall is connected to the described sidewall of another pipe at least along the length of described pipe in fact.

17. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, one of them or more multitube can be by the inner core that comprises first material and comprise that the outer core of second material forms.

18. body protecting device as claimed in claim 17, each in wherein said first material and described second material all is polymer, and wherein said second material has than the low fusion temperature of described first material.

19. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein each pipe all approaches or is adjacent at least three other pipes in fact.

20. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein each pipe all approaches or is adjacent to six other pipes in fact.

21. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein each pipe all has the diameter between 2 to 25mm.

22. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein the thickness of the sidewall of each pipe is less than 0.5mm.

23. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, wherein the length of each pipe is between 10 to 50mm.

24. as the described body protecting device of each claim among the claim 1-11, the array of wherein said energy absorption units is set to an integral material.

25. body protecting device as claimed in claim 24, the density of wherein said material is 60 to 100kg/m ³Between.

26. body protecting device as claimed in claim 24, wherein said integral material comprise a kind of in the following material: Merlon, polypropylene, polyethylene, PEI, polyether sulfone, PPSU, polyvinyl chloride, PET, ethylene vinyl acetate or acronitrile-butadiene-styrene.

27. the method for the energy that an absorption is produced by the bump stroke that applies on the impact surface of body protecting device comprises:

The longitudinal axis that described array is oriented such that the described pipe of one or more unit in the described unit becomes the angle of inclination with described impact surface.