CN101329475A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is directed to the higher contrast in a display device with a lighting device as a front light and a reflective LCD. A lighting device is disposed, being opposed to a front surface of a reflective electrode (33) of a reflective LCD 300. An organic EL element layer including an anode, a cathode patterned into stripes, and an organic layer is formed in the lighting device. A region of the organic layer corresponding to the cathode serves as an emissive region. A light shield layer is formed covering the cathode. Furthermore, a diffraction grating made of an aluminum layer and having a plurality of fine slits (37s) formed by patterning is disposed on the reflective LCD 300, as a polarizing layer that can be formed thinner as much as possible.

Description

Display device

The application is that application number is 200610080924.2, and the applying date is on May 22nd, 2006, and denomination of invention is divided an application for " display device ".

Technical field

[A0001] the present invention is about a kind of display device, especially about possessing the display device of lighting device and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device.

Background technology

[A0002] liquid crystal indicator (calling LCD in the following text) possesses feature both slim and that consumed power is low, is widely used as the monitor of portable communication devices such as the monitor of computing machine or mobile phone at present.Infiltration type LCD, reflection type LCD and semi-transmission type LCD are arranged among the LCD.Infiltration type LCD uses transparency electrode as applying voltages to the pixel electrode that liquid crystal is used, at LCD rear configuration backlight, even see through the dark demonstration that also can become clear of light quantity on every side by what control this backlight.But under the environment that light is very strong outside as daytime outdoor, the characteristic that can't guarantee enough contrasts is arranged.

[A0003] reflection type LCD, the outer light that utilizes sunshine or indoor lamp etc. be as light source, and will be incident to these outer light of LCD, by being reflected by the reflective pixel electrode that the reflection horizon constituted that is formed on the sightingpiston side group plate.Then, will be incident to liquid crystal, and the light quantity that the light by each pixel being controlled at reflective pixel electrode reflection penetrates from the LCD panel is to show.This reflection type LCD owing to utilize outer light as light source, exists in the problem that can't show under the environment that does not have outer light.

[A0004] semi-transmission type LCD has concurrently through function and two kinds of functions of reflection function, and getting final product corresponding bright environment on every side also can corresponding dark on every side environment.Yet, this semi-transmission type LCD, owing in a pixel, have through zone and reflector space, so there is the problem of the display efficiency difference of each pixel.

[A0005] therefore proposes the method that also can show by light before reflection type LCD is provided with under more gloomy environment.Figure 13 is the accompanying drawing that shows the display device that possesses preceding light and reflection type LCD of known example.Relative with the display surface of reflection type LCD 100 to being provided with acrylic block (ア Network リ Le plate) 110.With this acrylic block 110 relative with reflection-type to the face of face opposition side on be formed with the ditch 111 of several upside-down triangle shapes.In addition, be provided with light source 112 in the side of acrylic block 110.Be directed into light the acrylic block 110 from light source 112, be refracted to the direction of reflection type LCD 100 in the dip plane of the ditch 111 of upside-down triangle shape, and inject in the display surface of reflection type LCD 100.

The technical literature that [A0006] is associated with the application's case for example has following patent literature.

Patent documentation 1 Jap.P. spy opens the 2003-255375 communique

[A0007] yet, be directed into light the acrylic block 110 from light source 112, on the dip plane of the ditch 111 of upside-down triangle shape set on the acrylic block 110, be refracted to the direction of reflection type LCD 100, and what can refract to and the rightabout observer's 113 residing directions of this direction, therefore this light can leak out and enters observer 113 eyes from acrylic block 110, thereby the problem that causes the contrast of LCD to reduce.

Summary of the invention

[A0008] the present invention is intended to solve above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of display device, and it possesses lighting device and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, and has following feature.That is, lighting device possesses the 1st substrate and is disposed at luminescence component on the 1st substrate, and makes a face of luminescence component, is relative to the configuration with the display surface of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device; Reflection-type liquid-crystal display device possesses: polarizing layer; Shared electrode; The reflecting electrode that is relative to the configuration with shared electrode; Be disposed at a pair of alignment film that reaches on the shared electrode on the reflecting electrode respectively; Liquid crystal layer by shared electrode and reflecting electrode institute double team; And dispose the 2nd substrate of reflecting electrode.At this, the diffraction grating of polarizing layer for metal layer patternization is formed.Perhaps, the coating and the curing of the solution of polarizing layer by comprising the bitintability dye molecule, and form by the mode of this bitintability dye molecule with the systematicness assortment.

[A0009] all can improve contrast according to display device involved in the present invention under the bright environment and under the gloomy environment.In addition, can promote the utilization ratio of the light that lighting device sends.In addition, can the try one's best thickness of thinning display device integral body.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a planimetric map of watching the display device of the present invention the 1st to the 3rd embodiment from the lighting device side.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the display device of the present invention the 1st embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the concept map of organic layer of the display device of the present invention the 1st to the 3rd embodiment.

Fig. 4 be with the display device of the present invention the 1st to the 3rd embodiment in addition part amplify the sectional view that shows.

Fig. 5 is the planimetric map of polarizing layer of the display device of the present invention the 1st to the 3rd embodiment.

Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the display device of the present invention the 2nd and the 3rd embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a planimetric map of watching the display device of the present invention the 2nd embodiment from the lighting device side.

Fig. 8 is a planimetric map of watching the display device of the present invention the 2nd embodiment from the lighting device side.

It is the planimetric map of watching the display device of the present invention the 2nd embodiment from the lighting device side that Fig. 9 (A) reaches (B).

Figure 10 is the sectional view with the display device local enlargement display of the present invention the 3rd embodiment.

Figure 11 is the sectional view with the display device local enlargement display of the present invention the 1st to the 3rd embodiment.

Figure 12 is the brief strabismus map with the display device local enlargement display of the present invention the 1st to the 3rd embodiment.

Figure 13 is the sectional view that possesses the display device of known routine lighting device example.

The primary clustering symbol description

10 transparency carriers, 11,27 anodes

12,29 negative electrodes, 13,28 organic layers

The center of 13a light-emitting zone 13c light-emitting zone

13E electron supplying layer 13H hole transporting layer

13L luminescent layer 15,25 organic EL component layers

16 light shield layer 25D luminescence components

26 sections poor cambium layer 30 TFT substrates

31 thin film transistor (TFT)s, 32 interlayer dielectrics

33 reflecting electrodes, 34,38 alignment films

35 subtend substrates, 36 shared electrode

The 37P jut 37S portion of cracking

39 λ/4 wavelength plates, 40 light scattering layers

41 polarizing layers, 42 liquid crystal layers

45 resin beds 51 the 1st transparency carrier

52 the 2nd transparency carriers, 53 sealing materials

54 drying agent, 100,300 reflection type LCDs

The ditch of 110 acrylic blocks, 111 anti-triangles

112 light sources, 113 observers

200 lighting device CH contact holes

D1, D2 distance P 1, P2 spacing

Embodiment

The 1st embodiment

[A0010] illustrates the related display device of the present invention the 1st embodiment next with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 1 shows to watch the planimetric map of the display device that possesses lighting device and reflection type LCD (liquid crystal indicator) of present embodiment from the lighting device side.In Fig. 1, only show the part in all constituent components.In addition, Fig. 2 is the sectional view that shows the X-X line in Fig. 1.In addition, Fig. 3 is the concept map that shows the laminated relation of each layer that constitutes aftermentioned organic layer 13.

[A0011] as shown in Figures 1 and 2, lighting device 200 is relative to the configuration the shadow surface of this light and the display surface of reflection type LCD 300.That is, lighting device 200 becomes the light source of the preceding light of reflection type LCD 300.

[A0012] at first illustrates the structure of lighting device 200.On the transparency carrier of being formed with glass substrate etc. 10, form organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15 (hereinafter referred to as organic EL component layers 15).Tin indium oxide) and IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide: the anode 11 formed of transparent conductive material such as indium zinc oxide) organic EL component layer 15 comprises: by ITO (Indium TinOxide:; Be formed at the organic layer 13 on this anode 11; And be formed on the organic layer 13 and have certain spacing and be patterned as reservation shape, for example be the negative electrode 12 of strip.

[A0013] at this, as shown in Figure 3, organic layer 13 by so-called electron supplying layer 13E, luminescent layer 13L, and hole transporting layer 13H formed.In addition, the laminated body formed by aluminium lamination (Al layer) or magnesium layer (Mg layer) and silver layer (Ag layer) of negative electrode 12 or calcium layer (Ca layer) etc. form.In addition, preferably, the thickness of anode 11 is about 100nm, and the thickness of negative electrode 12 is about 500nm, and the thickness of organic layer 13 is about 100nm.

[A0014] becomes light-emitting zone 13a with the zone of the organic layer 13 of anode 11 and 12 double teams of negative electrode in this organic EL component layer 15.That is, be positioned at negative electrode 12 under organic layer 13 be light-emitting zone 13a, this regional organic EL component layer 15 has the function of luminescence component.If watch this light-emitting zone 13a with plane (plane), then have the reservation shape identical with negative electrode 12, promptly have the shape of strip.This light-emitting zone 13a can apply positive potential and anticathode 12 by antianode 11 and apply negative potential emit beam (light that does not produce polarisation).Organic layer 13 outside this zone is not luminous, becomes non-luminous region.The light that is sent from light-emitting zone 13a together penetrates along the long side direction of the shape of above-mentioned strip, mainly penetrates towards the direction with this long side direction quadrature.

[A0015] coated the negative electrode 12 that is patterned as strip in addition, and forms light shield layer 16.Light shield layer 16 also forms the reservation shape identical with negative electrode 12, promptly is patterned as strip.Light shield layer 16 is in order to light-emitting zone 13a being given shading toward the light of top radiation, therefore must have the reflection layer that light is reflected, or the function of the light absorbing zone that light is absorbed.

When [A0016] has the function of reflection layer at light shield layer 16, for example with chromium (Cr) or aluminium oxide (Al ₂O ₃) wait form.In addition, when light shield layer 16 has the function of light absorbing zone, form owing to comprise the black pigment layer of black pigment, the black dyes layer that in photoresist, comprises black dyes or chromium oxide layer etc. in the photoresist.In addition, the thickness of light shield layer 16 preferably, below about 10nm.

[A0017] from the light-emitting zone 13a of this lighting device 200 towards the below (with observer 113 be opposition side) light, inject in reflection type LCD 300 by transparent anode 11.In addition, from light-emitting zone 13a towards the top light of (observer 113 direction), be reflected onto the below or be carried out absorption by negative electrode 12 or light shield layer 16.Therefore, can prevent as far as possible that the light that comes from light-emitting zone 13a from directly entering the observer's 113 who watches lighting device 200 from the top eyes.

[A0018] in order to improve this shaded effect, the width of light shield layer 16 preferably, and is wideer than the width of patterned formed negative electrode 12.In addition, as shown in Figure 4, distance L 1 between the edge of patterned negative electrode 12 and the edge of light shield layer 16, preferably, the thickness that equals the light-emitting zone 13a of organic layer 13 equates with the total L2 of the thickness of patterned formed negative electrode 12, or bigger than L2, can improve shaded effect more whereby.

[A0019] in the above-mentioned formation of present embodiment, negative electrode 12 is patterned as tool reservation shape at regular intervals, for example for strip, and anode 11 patterning not, but as other embodiment, negative electrode 12 and anode 11 are exchanged.Promptly in Fig. 2, anode 11 is configured in the position of negative electrode 12, negative electrode 12 is configured on the position of anode 11.At this moment, anode 11 is patterned as above-mentioned reservation shape, and 12 on negative electrode is patterning not.That is, anode 11 directly over the zone of organic layer 13 become light-emitting zone 13a.

[A0020] in addition, about other different therewith embodiment, anode 11 and negative electrode 12 be patterning and be formed at whole not, and with electron supplying layer 13E, luminescent layer 13L, and 3 layers of hole transporting layer 13H in one deck at least, be patterned as above-mentioned reservation shape.At this moment, these 3 layers zone that all overlaps and form become light-emitting zone, and the zone that lacks in 3 layers arbitrary layer becomes non-luminous region.

[A0021] in addition, produce reflection and by observer 113 apparent time of distinguishing from light that light-emitting zone 13a sent at reflection type LCD 300 described later, for the eyes that do not make observer 113 have sticky feeling, preferably, the spacing of patterned negative electrode 12 (or anode 11 or constitute arbitrary layer in above-mentioned 3 layers of organic layer 13) is about below the 1mm.

[A0022] following explanation negative electrode 12 is patterned as reservation shape, is the situation of strip.Yet as mentioned above, with the layer beyond the negative electrode 12 as light-emitting zone 13a, when the layer that is determined is carried out patterning, have same formation and action with present embodiment, and can reach same effect.

[A0023] next illustrates the structure of reflection type LCD 300.As shown in Figure 2, in each of plurality of pixels zone that the TFT substrate of for example being formed with glass substrate 30 is separated, be formed with the thin film transistor (TFT) 31 (the following TFT that slightly is called) that switches usefulness.TFT 31 is covered by interlayer dielectric film 32.In addition, corresponding to each TFT 31, and be formed with the pixel electrode that the metal material that for example with aluminium (Al) etc. light reflected is formed on interlayer dielectric 32, promptly reflecting electrode 33.Reflecting electrode 33 sees through the contact hole CH that is formed at interlayer dielectric 32, packing material by not shown electric conductivity etc. and being connected with drain electrode or the grid of pairing TFT 31.

[A0024] is provided with predetermined interval region between the reflecting electrode 33 of adjacency, promptly have the 37S of the portion of cracking of preset width.The function of the orientation control part of usefulness is cut apart in the orientation that this 37S of portion that cracks has liquid crystal layer 42 described later.In addition, and to coat the mode of the reflecting electrode 33 and the 37S of portion that cracks, be formed with so that the alignment film 34 that relative TFT substrate 30 orientations of liquid crystal molecule are predetermined angular.

[A0025] in addition, relative with the TFT substrate 30 that is formed with reflecting electrode 33 to, and for example be formed with shared electrode 36 so that ITO was formed.Be formed with jut 37P on the surface of shared electrode 36 (relative with TFT substrate 30 to face), it is divided into the orientation control part of 2 different predetermined directions as the liquid crystal alignment with liquid crystal layer 42 described later.This jut 37P with patterning of for example photoresist etc. formed.In addition, be formed with alignment film 38 in the mode that coats shared electrode 36 and jut 37P.

[A0026] on the other hand, (relative with observer 113 to face) disposes λ/4 wavelength plates 39 (1/4th wavelength plate) at the back side of shared electrode 36, it is as the polarizer in order to 1/4th the optical phase difference that produces light wavelength λ.λ/4 wavelength plates 39 carry out the conversion from linear polarization toward rotatory polarization, or carry out the conversion from rotatory polarization toward linear polarization.In order among the wavelength light in broadband, also to carry out the conversion of above-mentioned polarisation, also can be on λ/4 wavelength plates 39, will be in addition laminated and dispose in order to not shown λ/2 wavelength plates (1/2nd wavelength plate) of 1/2nd the optical phase difference that produces light wavelength.On λ/4 wavelength plates 39, more laminated by the light scattering layer of for example forming 40 by the diffusion bonding coat.Light scattering layer 40 is so that carry out scattering toward the mode of reflecting electrode 33 irradiations equably from the light of lighting device 200.

[A0027] in addition, laminated on light scattering layer 40 have a polarizing layer 41.Polarizing layer 41 has predetermined polarizing axis, can will be extracted out linear polarization that should polarizing axis.

[A0028] illustrates polarizing layer 41 at this with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 5 is the planimetric map of the polarizing layer 41 of displayed map 2.As shown in Figure 5, polarizing layer 41 is made up of the diffraction grating of the 41S that cracks with the plurality of fine that is configured to strip.This diffraction grating preferably is made up of aluminium (Al) layer.In addition, about this formation method, preferably, be used in the film build methods such as sputter that carried out in the manufacture process of display device and semiconductor device.At this moment, after forming aluminium lamination on the anode 11 of the organic EL component layer 15 of lighting device 200, above this, form the photoresist layer of predetermined pattern by little shadow technology.Afterwards, serve as that the etching of aluminium lamination is carried out in shielding with this photoresist layer.

[A0029] is formed on the width of the 41S that cracks of the diffraction grating on the above-mentioned aluminium lamination, as long as can realize then there is no any qualification by linear polarization on above-mentioned polarizing axis, for example is about 0.5 μ m to 3 μ m.Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) etc. in addition, the thickness of the diffraction grating of aluminium lamination can form than (Polyvinyl Alcohol: the polarizing layer of being formed is thinner by general PVA.Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) etc. in the present embodiment, so long as than (Polyvinyl Alcohol: the thinner thickness of being formed of polarizing layer gets final product, and then there is no any qualification, and the thickness of diffraction grating for example is about 1 μ m by general PVA.In addition, constitute the diffraction grating of polarizing layer 41,, then can form by metal and the film build method beyond above-mentioned as long as can satisfy above-mentioned condition.

[A0030] in addition, enclosing between above-mentioned TFT substrate 30 and shared electrode 36 has liquid crystal layer 42.Liquid crystal layer 42 is for example by to have positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy, and have the predetermined mode of revolving optical activity and orientation is formed by spiral helicine liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal), driven by TN (Twisted Nematic: reverse array) pattern or MTN (Mixed TwistedNematic: mix and reverse array) pattern.

As long as [A0031] this liquid crystal layer 42 is to be applicable to the reflective liquid crystal LCD of the polarizing layer 41 that adopts 1, then to be above-mentioned liquid crystal layer in addition.Promptly, liquid crystal layer 42 also can be made up of the liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal) that has positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy and have a homogeneity orientation, and (Electrically Controlled Birefringence: electrically conerolled birefringence) pattern is driven by ECB.

[A0032] or, liquid crystal layer 42 can be made up of the liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal) that has negative specific inductive capacity anisotropy and have a vertical orientation, and by vertical alignment mode, promptly (Vertical Aligned: vertical orientation) pattern is driven VA.

[A0033] next illustrate lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 in conjunction with closing, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the top of lighting device 200 contact reflex type LCD300 and disposing.If between lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, have the words of glass substrate and air layer, the light that is radiated from the organic EL component layer 15 of lighting device 200 then, return observer's side entering generation reflection when this glassy layer and air layer, and may cause the reduction of contrast.In addition, when especially between lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, having glass, the utilization ratio of the light that organic EL component layer 15 radiated is reduced.

[A0034] therefore, the display surface of reflection type LCD 300, promptly polarizing layer 41 directly is formed at the light-emitting area of lighting device 200, promptly on the anode 11 of organic EL component layer 15.So, by lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 are engaged, can promote the utilization ratio of the light that organic EL component layer 15 radiated as far as possible.

[A0035] then illustrates the configuration relation of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and the spacing P1 of light shield layer 16 are identical with the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33.At this moment, negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 preferably, be disposed at the 37S of the portion of cracking between several reflecting electrodes 33 that the demonstration to reflection type LCD 300 can not exert an influence directly over.The major part that has the light that reflects in reflecting electrode 33 whereby can not covered by light shield layer 16, and by the gap of these light shield layers 16 by observer 113 advantage of looking of distinguishing.

[A0036] also can make the spacing P1 of the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and light shield layer 16 littler than the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33, and make the ratio of spacing P1 with respect to spacing P2 in addition, and promptly P1/P2 becomes 1/ natural number.If spacing P1 and spacing P2 are identical, then may when the demonstration of reflection type LCD 300, produce interference stripes or ripple (Moire), by setting the ratio of this spacing P1 and spacing P2, can suppress these phenomenons.

[A0037] or, can make the spacing P1 of the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and light shield layer 16 bigger on the contrary, and make the ratio of spacing P1 with respect to spacing P2 than the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33, promptly P1/P2 becomes natural number.Also can suppress phenomenons such as above-mentioned interference stripes whereby.

[A0038] then illustrates the action of above-mentioned reflection type LCD 300.At first inject in the light of reflection type LCD 300, become the linear polarization of the polarizing axis of corresponding polarizing layer 41, and cross λ/4 wavelength plates 39 and become rotatory polarization via light scattering layer 40 transmissions from lighting device 200.This rotatory polarization transmission is crossed subtend substrate 35 and shared electrode 36 and is injected in liquid crystal layer 42.

[A0039] owing to having or not that the voltage toward reflecting electrode 33 and shared electrode 36 applies, changes the electric field of liquid crystal layer 42 at this moment, and therefore in each pixel, the optical phase missionary society of liquid crystal layer 42 changes.In addition, inject in the rotatory polarization of liquid crystal layer 42 because this optical phase difference and, and become rotatory polarization and penetrate with the sense of rotation of turning left or turning right in the reflection of reflecting electrode.This rotatory polarization transmission is once more crossed λ/4 wavelength plates 39, becomes linear polarization that should sense of rotation and injects in polarizing layer 41.At this, when being consistent with the polarizing axis of polarizing layer 41, this linear polarization transmission is crossed polarizing layer 41 and is become white demonstration at this polarizing axis, and when quadrature, transmission is not crossed polarizing layer 41 and become black the demonstration.

[A0040] at this, when above-mentioned demonstration, can be used as the 37S of the portion of cracking between several set reflecting electrodes 33 of orientation control part and the jut 37P of shared electrode 36, and the orientation of carrying out liquid crystal layer 42 is cut apart, and therefore can obtain broad visual angle.

[A0041] in addition, according to the lighting device 200 of above-mentioned formation, the light that can as far as possible suppress light-emitting zone 13a by light shield layer 16 leaks toward observer 113, the degree the during demonstration that therefore can more known example more improves reflection type LCD 300.That is, no matter the bright environment of light or more gloomy environment outside can more known example more improve the contrast when showing.

[A0042] in addition, owing between the liquid crystal layer 42 of the organic EL component layer 15 of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, do not have glass substrate etc., therefore can promote the utilization ratio of the light that the light-emitting zone 13a of organic EL component layer 15 sent as far as possible.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) etc. [A0043] except not having above-mentioned glass substrate etc., (Polyvinyl Alcohol: the thinner diffraction grating of being formed of polarizing layer is constituted the polarizing layer 41 of reflection type LCD 300 by general PVA by forming.So integral thickness of the thinning reflection-type liquid-crystal display device of can trying one's best.

In the reflection type LCD 300 of the foregoing description, polarizing layer 41 is made up of diffraction grating [A0044], but the present invention is not limited thereto.That is, though do not show among the figure that polarizing layer 41 can be formed by the bitintability dye molecule, to replace diffraction grating.At this moment, for example can wait the solution coat to include the bitintability dye molecule after on the anode 11, this solution be solidified and systematicness is arranged this bitintability dye molecule by printing.Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) etc. whereby, can form than by general PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol: the thinner polarizing layer of being formed of polarizing layer.

[A0045] in the reflection type LCD 300 of the foregoing description, in shared electrode 36 jut 37P is set and is used as the orientation control part, but the present invention is not limited thereto in addition.For example, though do not show among the figure, also can the 37S of portion that crack be set and replace jut 37P in shared electrode 36.Or also can omit jut 37P.

[A0046] in addition, the reflecting electrode of being made up of reflective metal material 33 is made up of aluminium (Al) layer institute, but the present invention is not limited thereto, for example can be by the transparency electrode that ITO formed and the laminated body of reflectance coating.

[A0047] in addition, be formed with organic EL component layer 15 and as the set of luminescence component at the lighting device 200 of the foregoing description, but also can form other luminescence component, for example can form the layer of being formed by the inorganic electroluminescence component layer, replace organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15.

[A0048] is formed with the light shield layer 16 of coating negative electrode 12 at the lighting device 200 of the foregoing description, but also can omits light shield layer 16 in addition.At this moment, though the light of light-emitting zone 13a only produces a little leakage toward observer's 113 sides, negative electrode 12 can dual-purpose be a light shield layer also.

The 2nd embodiment

[B0010] the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned the 1st embodiment.Follow display device with reference to description of drawings the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 6 is the sectional view that shows the display device that possesses lighting device and reflection type LCD (liquid crystal indicator) of the 2nd embodiment, shows the identical section of sectional view with X-X line in Fig. 1.In Fig. 6, identical with constituent components shown in Figure 2, additional phase symbol together describes.

[B0011] as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6, lighting device 200 is relative to the configuration the shadow surface of this light and the display surface of reflection type LCD 300.That is, lighting device 200 becomes the light source of the preceding light of reflection type LCD 300.

[B0012] at first illustrates the structure of lighting device 200.The mode of institute's double team forms organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15 (hereinafter referred to as organic EL component layers 15) between the 1st transparency carrier of being formed with glass substrate etc. 51 and the 2nd transparency carrier 52.Organic EL component layer 15 comprises: by ITO (Indium Tin Oxide: tin indium oxide) and IZO (indium zinc oxide) etc. Indium ZincOxide: transparent conductive material is formed, and essence be formed at the 1st transparency carrier 51 comprehensively on anode 11; Be formed at the organic layer 13 on this anode 11; And be formed on the organic layer 13 and have certain spacing and be patterned as reservation shape, for example formed by the negative electrode 12 of strip.

[B0013] at this, organic layer 13 by so-called electron supplying layer 13E, luminescent layer 13L, and hole transporting layer 13H formed.In addition, the laminated body formed by aluminium lamination (Al layer) or magnesium layer (Mg layer) and silver layer (Ag layer) of negative electrode 12 or calcium layer (Ca layer) etc. form.In addition, preferably, the thickness of anode 11 is about 100nm, and the thickness of negative electrode 12 is about 500nm, and the thickness of organic layer 13 is about 100nm.

[B0014] becomes light-emitting zone 13a with the zone of the organic layer 13 of anode 11 and 12 double teams of negative electrode in this organic EL component layer 15.That is, be positioned at negative electrode 12 under organic layer 13 be light-emitting zone 13a, this regional organic EL component layer 15 has the function of luminescence component.If watch this light-emitting zone 13a with the plane, then have the reservation shape identical with negative electrode 12, promptly have the shape of strip.This light-emitting zone 13a can apply positive potential and anticathode 12 by antianode 11 and apply negative potential emit beam (light that does not produce polarisation).Organic layer 13 outside this zone is not luminous, becomes non-luminous region.Long side direction from light that light-emitting zone 13a sent along the shape of above-mentioned strip and together penetrating mainly penetrates towards the direction with this long side direction quadrature.

[B0015] coated the negative electrode 12 that forms the patterning of strip in addition, and forms light shield layer 16.Light shield layer 16 also is patterned as the reservation shape identical with negative electrode 12, promptly is patterned as strip.Light shield layer 16 in order to light-emitting zone 13a toward the in addition shading of the light of top radiation, therefore must have the reflection layer that light is reflected, or a function of the light absorbing zone that light is absorbed.

[B0016] light shield layer 16 is when having the function of reflection layer, for example with chromium (Cr) or aluminium oxide (Al ₂O ₃) wait form.In addition, light shield layer 16 forms owing to comprise the black pigment layer of black pigment, the black dyes layer that comprises black dyes in photoresist or chromium oxide layer etc. in the photoresist when having the function of light absorbing zone.In addition, below the preferably about 10nm of the thickness of light shield layer 16.

[B0017] from the light-emitting zone 13a of this lighting device 200 towards the below (with observer 113 be opposition side) light, inject in reflection type LCD 300 by transparent anode 11 and the 1st transparency carrier 51.In addition, from light-emitting zone 13a towards the top light of (observer 113 direction), be reflected onto the below or be carried out absorption by negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16.Therefore can prevent from directly to enter the observer's 113 who watches lighting device 200 from the top eyes from the light of light-emitting zone 13a as far as possible.

[B0018] in order to improve this shaded effect, the width of light shield layer 16 is preferably wideer than the width of patterned negative electrode 12.In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the distance L 1 between the edge of patterned negative electrode 12 and the edge of light shield layer 16 preferably equates with the thickness of the light-emitting zone 13a of the organic layer 13 total L2 with the thickness of patterned negative electrode 12, or bigger than L2, can improve shaded effect more whereby.

[B0019] in the above-mentioned formation of present embodiment, negative electrode 12 is patterned as tool reservation shape at regular intervals, for example for strip, and anode 11 patterning not, but at other embodiment, negative electrode 12 and anode 11 are exchanged.Promptly in Fig. 6, anode 11 is configured in the position of negative electrode 12, negative electrode 12 is configured in the position of anode 11.At this moment, anode 11 is patterned as above-mentioned reservation shape, and 12 on negative electrode is patterning not.That is, anode 11 directly over the zone of organic layer 13 become light-emitting zone 13a.

[B0020] in addition, about the embodiment of different other therewith, anode 11 and negative electrode 12 be patterning and be formed at whole not, and with electron supplying layer 13E, luminescent layer 13L, and 3 layers of hole transporting layer 13H in one deck at least, be patterned as above-mentioned reservation shape.At this moment, these 3 layers zone that all overlaps and form become light-emitting zone, and the zone that lacks in 3 layers arbitrary layer becomes non-luminous region.

[B0021] in addition, when allowing observer 113 observe in reflection type LCD 300 generation reflections described later from the light that light-emitting zone 13a sent, for the eyes that do not make observer 113 have sticky feeling, the spacing of preferably formed negative electrode 12 (or anode 11 or constitute arbitrary layer in above-mentioned 3 layers of organic layer 13) is about below the 1mm.

[B0022] following explanation negative electrode 12 forms reservation shape, is the situation of strip.Yet as mentioned above, the layer beyond the negative electrode 12 is being used as determining the layer of light-emitting zone 13a, and when forming pattern, is having same formation and action with present embodiment, and can reach same effect.

[B0023] then illustrates the structure of reflection type LCD 300.As shown in Figure 6, be carried out at the TFT substrate of for example being formed 30 on each of the plurality of pixels zone that separates, be formed with the thin film transistor (TFT) 31 (the following TFT that slightly is called) that switches usefulness with glass substrate.TFT 31 is covered by interlayer dielectric film 32.In addition, corresponding to each TFT 31, and be formed with the pixel electrode that the metal material that for example with aluminium (Al) etc. light reflected is formed on interlayer dielectric 32, promptly reflecting electrode 33.Reflecting electrode 33 sees through interlayer dielectric 32 formed contact hole CH, packing material by not shown electric conductivity etc. and being connected with drain electrode or the grid of pairing TFT 31.

[B0024] is provided with predetermined interval region between the reflecting electrode 33 of adjacency, promptly have the 37S of the portion of cracking of preset width.The function of the orientation control part of usefulness is cut apart in the orientation that this 37S of portion that cracks has liquid crystal layer 42 described later.In addition, and, be formed with 30 orientations are the alignment film 34 of predetermined angular so that liquid crystal molecule is to the TFT substrate to coat the mode of the reflecting electrode 33 and the 37S of portion that cracks.

[B0025] in addition, relative with the TFT substrate 30 that is formed with reflecting electrode 33 to, and be formed with the subtend substrate of for example being formed 35 with glass substrate.For example be formed with shared electrode 36 by ITO formed on the surface of subtend substrate 35 (with the face of TFT substrate 30 subtends).Be formed with jut 37P on shared electrode 36, it is divided into the orientation control part of 2 different predetermined directions as the liquid crystal alignment with liquid crystal layer 42 described later.This jut 37P with patterning of for example photoresist etc. formed.In addition, be formed with alignment film 38 in the mode that coats shared electrode 36 and jut 37P.

[B0026] on the other hand, (relative with observer 113 to face) disposes λ/4 wavelength plates 39 (1/4th wavelength plate) at the back side of subtend substrate 35, it is as the phase separation layer in order to 1/4th the optical phase difference that produces light wavelength λ.λ/4 wavelength plates 39 carry out the conversion from linear polarization toward rotatory polarization, or carry out the conversion from rotatory polarization toward linear polarization.In order in the wavelength light of wide wave band, also to carry out the conversion of above-mentioned polarisation, also can be in λ/4 wavelength plates 39, will be in addition laminated and dispose in order to λ optical phase difference, not shown/2 wavelength plates (1/2nd wavelength plate) of 1/2nd of producing light wavelength.On λ/4 wavelength plates 39, laminated more in regular turn by light scattering layer 40 and the polarizing layer 41 for example formed by the diffusion bonding coat.Light scattering layer 40 makes the light from lighting device 200 carry out scattering toward the mode of reflecting electrode 33 irradiations equably.In addition, polarizing layer 41 is identical with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, has predetermined polarizing axis, can be from the light of being injected, will be extracted out linear polarization that should polarizing axis.

[B0027] in addition, enclosing between FT substrate 30 and subtend substrate 35 has liquid crystal layer 42.Liquid crystal layer 42 is driven by TN (Twisted Nematic: reverse array) pattern or MTN (Mixed Twisted Nematic: mix and reverse array) pattern for example to form by spiral helicine liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal) by having positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy and having the predetermined mode orientation of revolving optical activity.At this moment, 1 pair of alignment film 34,38 of double team liquid crystal layer 42, make this alignment direction each other quadrature mode and carry out orientation and handle.

[B0028] this liquid crystal layer 42 so long as go for adopts the getting final product of reflective liquid crystal LCD of 1 polarizing layer 41, then can be the liquid crystal layer beyond above-mentioned.Promptly, liquid crystal layer 42 can be made up of the liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal) that has positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy and have a homogeneity orientation, and (Electrically Controlled Birefringence: electrically conerolled birefringence) pattern is driven by ECB.At this moment, a pair of alignment film 34,38 of double team liquid crystal layer 42 is so that the parallel each other mode of this alignment direction and carry out orientation and handle.

[B0029] or, liquid crystal layer 42 also can be made up of the liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal) that has negative specific inductive capacity anisotropy and have a vertical orientation, and by vertical alignment mode, promptly (Vertical Aligned: vertical orientation) pattern is driven VA.At this moment, a pair of alignment film 34,38 of double team liquid crystal layer 42 makes this liquid crystal molecule in initial stage and alignment film vertical orientation, promptly becomes the vertical orientation film.

[B0030] then illustrates the marriage relation of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, and as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6, lighting device 200 preferably is configured near on the position of reflection type LCD 300 tops.Yet, if between lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, have air layer, then the light that is radiated from the 1st transparency carrier 51 of lighting device 200 produces reflection and returns observer's side when entering this air layer, may cause the reduction of contrast.

[B0031] therefore, preferably, can lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 be engaged via having and the resin bed 45 of the 1st transparency carrier 51 identical refractive indexes (for example being UV hard resin-layer or visible light hard resin-layer), can be suppressed the refraction of light whereby as far as possible.Or as shown in Figure 2, also can make polarizing layer 41 not via resin bed 45 and the 2nd transparency carrier 52 and be contacted with organic EL component layer 15, lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 are engaged.Not only can promote the utilization ratio of the light that lighting device 200 radiated, the integral thickness of the thinning display device of more can trying one's best this moment.

[B0032] then illustrates the configuration relation of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300.As Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6, the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and the spacing P1 of light shield layer 16 are identical with the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33.At this moment, negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 preferably, be disposed at the 37S of the portion of cracking between several reflecting electrodes 33 that the demonstration to reflection type LCD 300 can not exert an influence directly over.Can have such advantage whereby, promptly can not covered, and middle observer 113 distinguishes and looks by the gap of these light shield layers 16 by light shield layer 16 in the major part of the light that reflecting electrode 33 reflected.

[B0033] also can make between the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and the light shield layer 16 forr a short time than the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33 apart from P1 in addition, and makes the ratio of spacing P1 with respect to spacing P2, and promptly P1/P2 becomes 1/ natural number.If spacing P1 and spacing P2 are identical, then interference stripes or ripple (Moire) may be produced when the demonstration of reflection type LCD 300, by setting the ratio of this spacing P1 and spacing P2, to suppress these phenomenons.

[B0034] or, can make the spacing P1 of the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and light shield layer 16 bigger on the contrary, and make the ratio of spacing P1 with respect to spacing P2 than the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33, P1/P2 becomes natural number.Also can suppress phenomenons such as above-mentioned interference stripes whereby.

[B0035] in addition, in the present embodiment, lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 also have configuration relation shown below except above-mentioned configuration is closed.The detailed situation of this configuration relation then is described with reference to accompanying drawing.Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 demonstration is watched the planimetric map of the display device of the present invention the 2nd embodiment from the lighting device side.The planimetric map of the situation that Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 show situation that liquid crystal layer 42 driven with the TN pattern separately, driven with ecb mode, situation about being driven with the VA pattern.In addition, in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8,, only show negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 behind alignment film 34,38 and the patterning for the convenience on illustrating.In addition, in Fig. 9, only show negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 behind polarizing layer 41 and the patterning.

[B0036] as shown in Figure 7, in the liquid crystal layer 42 that is driven with the TN pattern, the wider direction A in visual angle on this display surface is, is that sense of rotation toward liquid crystal molecule departs from 45 ° direction with respect to the alignment direction (dotted arrow) of alignment film 34 or the alignment direction (solid arrow) of alignment film 38.In addition, negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 that will decision light-emitting zone 13a be so that the mode of the wider direction A quadrature in this long side direction and above-mentioned visual angle disposes.By this configuration relation, the light that light-emitting zone 13a is sent, the main wider direction A in visual angle on the display surface of reflection type LCD 300 and injecting, and, reflex to observer's 113 sides by reflecting electrode 33 along above-mentioned direction A.

[B0037] in addition, as shown in Figure 8, in the liquid crystal layer 42 that is driven with ecb mode, the wider direction B in the visual angle on this display surface is the direction with alignment direction (solid arrow) quadrature of the alignment direction (dotted arrow) of alignment film 34 or alignment film 38.In addition, with negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 so that the mode of the wider direction B quadrature in this long side direction and above-mentioned visual angle dispose.In other words, negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 so that this long side direction mode parallel with the alignment direction of alignment film 34,38 dispose.By this configuration relation, the light that light-emitting zone 13a is sent, the main wider direction B in visual angle on the display surface of reflection type LCD 300 and injecting, and, reflex to observer's 113 sides by reflecting electrode 33 along above-mentioned direction B.

[B0038] in addition, shown in Fig. 9 (A) and Fig. 9 (B), in the liquid crystal layer 42 that is driven with the VA pattern, there are 2 in the wider direction in the visual angle on this display surface.1 is and the direction C1 of the polarizing axis quadrature of polarizing layer 41, and 1 is the direction C2 parallel with the polarizing axis of polarizing layer 41 in addition.

[B0039] shown in Fig. 9 (A), with negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 so that the mode of the wider direction C1 quadrature in this long side direction and above-mentioned visual angle dispose.In other words, with negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 so that this long side direction mode parallel with the polarizing axis of polarizing layer 41 dispose.

[B0040] or, shown in Fig. 9 (B), with negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 so that the mode of the wider direction C2 quadrature in this long side direction and other 1 visual angle dispose.In other words, with negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 so that the mode of the polarizing axis quadrature of this long side direction and polarizing layer 41 dispose.

[B0041] is by these configuration systems, the light that light-emitting zone 13a is sent, mainly wider direction C1 or C2 and incident along the visual angle of the display surface of reflection type LCD 300, and, reflex to observer's 113 sides by reflecting electrode 33 along above-mentioned direction.

[B0042] then illustrates the action of above-mentioned reflection type LCD 300.At first inject in the light of reflection type LCD 300, become the linear polarization of the polarizing axis of corresponding polarizing layer 41, and cross λ/4 wavelength plates 39 and become rotatory polarization via light scattering layer 40 transmissions from lighting device 200.This rotatory polarization transmission is crossed subtend substrate 35 and shared electrode 36 and is injected in liquid crystal layer 42.

[B0043] owing to having or not that the voltage toward reflecting electrode 33 and shared electrode 36 applies, changes the electric field of liquid crystal layer 42 at this moment, and therefore in each pixel, the optical phase missionary society of liquid crystal layer 42 changes.In addition, the rotatory polarization of injecting liquid crystal layer 42 is because this optical phase difference and in the reflection of reflecting electrode, and becomes the reflecting electrode with the sense of rotation of turning left or turning right and penetrate.This rotatory polarization transmission is once more crossed λ/4 wavelength plates 39, becomes linear polarization that should sense of rotation and injects polarizing layer 41.At this, when this polarizing axis was consistent with the polarizing axis of polarizing layer 41, this linear polarization transmission was crossed polarizing layer 41 and is become white demonstration, and when quadrature, transmission is not crossed polarizing layer 41 and become black the demonstration.

[B0044] when above-mentioned demonstration, comes from the light of the light-emitting zone 13a of organic EL component layer 15 at this, mainly the wider direction in visual angle on the display surface of reflection type LCD 300 and injecting.In addition, this light reflexes to observer's 113 sides along the wider direction in above-mentioned visual angle by reflecting electrode 33.Therefore, in above-mentioned any pattern (the various patterns of TN, ECB, VA), can improve the contrast when showing as far as possible.In addition, can improve brightness during the demonstration under the light outside as far as possible.

[B0045] in addition can be by as the 37S of the portion of cracking between set most the reflecting electrodes 33 of orientation control part and the jut 37P of shared electrode 36, and the orientation of carrying out liquid crystal layer 42 is cut apart, and therefore can obtain broader visual angle.

[B0046] in addition, according to the lighting device 200 of above-mentioned formation, the light that can suppress light-emitting zone 13a by light shield layer 16 as best one can leaks toward observer 113, therefore comparable known example more improve reflection type LCD 300 demonstration the time contrast.For example, even outside under the more gloomy environment of light, under the environment that promptly outer light is not enough, comparable known example more improves the contrast when showing.

[B0047] in the reflection type LCD 300 of the foregoing description, in shared electrode 36 jut 37P is set and is used as the orientation control part, but the present invention is not limited thereto in addition.For example, though do not show among the figure, also can the 37S of portion that crack be set and replace jut 37P in shared electrode 36.Perhaps also can omit jut 37P.

[B0048] can be made up of aluminium (Al) the reflecting electrode 33 that reflective metal material is formed, but the present invention is not limited thereto in addition, for example can be by the transparency electrode that ITO formed and the laminated body of reflectance coating.

[B0049] in addition, be formed with organic EL component layer 15 and as the set of luminescence component at the lighting device 200 of the foregoing description, but also can form other luminescence component, for example can form the layer of being formed by the inorganic electroluminescence component layer, replace organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15.

[B0050] is formed with the light shield layer 16 of coating negative electrode 12 at the lighting device 200 of the foregoing description, but also can omits light shield layer 16 in addition.At this moment, though the light of light-emitting zone 13a only produces a little leakage toward observer's 113 sides, negative electrode 12 can dual-purpose be a light shield layer also.

The 3rd embodiment

[C0010] the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned the 1st and the 2nd embodiment.Next with reference to accompanying drawing, the related display device of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention is described.The sectional view that possesses the display device of lighting device and reflection type LCD (liquid crystal indicator) of the present invention is identical with Fig. 6.Present embodiment can be because of needs, and with the same display device of the 2nd embodiment in implemented.

[C0011] as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6, the shadow surface that configuration lighting device 200 makes this light relative with the display surface of reflection type LCD 300 to.That is, lighting device 200 becomes the light source of the preceding light of reflection type LCD 300.

[C0012] at first illustrates the structure of lighting device 200.With by the mode of institute's double team between the 1st transparency carrier of being formed by glass substrate etc. 51 and the 2nd transparency carrier 52, form organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15 (hereinafter referred to as organic EL component layers 15).Organic EL component layer 15 comprises: by ITO (Indium Tin Oxide: tin indium oxide) and IZO indium zinc oxide) etc. (IndiumZinc Oxide: transparent conductive material is formed, and essence is formed at whole anode 11 of the 1st transparency carrier 51; Be formed at the organic layer 13 on this anode 11; And be formed on the organic layer 13 and have certain spacing and be patterned as reservation shape, for example be the negative electrode 12 of strip.

[C0013] at this, organic layer 13 by so-called electron supplying layer 13E, luminescent layer 13L, and hole transporting layer 13H formed.In addition, the laminated body formed by aluminium lamination (Al layer) or magnesium layer (Mg layer) and silver layer (Ag layer) of negative electrode 12 or calcium layer (Ca layer) etc. form.In addition, preferably, the thickness of anode 11 is about 100nm, and the thickness of negative electrode 12 is about 500nm, and the thickness of organic layer 13 is about 100nm.

[C0014] become light-emitting zone 13a by the zone of the organic layer 13 of anode 11 and 12 double teams of negative electrode in this organic EL component layer 15.That is, be positioned at negative electrode 12 under organic layer 13 be light-emitting zone 13a, this regional organic EL component layer 15 has the function of luminescence component.If watch this light-emitting zone 13a with the plane, then having with negative electrode 12 is identical reservation shape, promptly has the shape of strip.This light-emitting zone 13a can apply positive potential and anticathode 12 by antianode 11 and apply negative potential emit beam (light that does not produce polarisation).Organic layer 13 beyond in this zone is not luminous, becomes non-luminous region.The light that is sent from light-emitting zone 13a together penetrates along the long side direction of the shape of above-mentioned strip, mainly penetrates towards the direction with this long side direction quadrature.

[C0015] coated the negative electrode 12 that is patterned as strip in addition, and forms light shield layer 16.Light shield layer 16 is patterned as the reservation shape identical with negative electrode 12, promptly is patterned as the shape of strip.Light shield layer 16 in order to light-emitting zone 13a toward the in addition shading of the light of top radiation, therefore must have the reflection layer that light is reflected, or a function of the light absorbing zone that light is absorbed.

[C0016] light shield layer 16 is for example formed with chromium (Cr) or aluminium oxide (Al2O3) etc. when having the function of reflection layer.In addition, when light shield layer 16 has the function of light absorbing zone, form owing to comprise the black pigment layer of black pigment, the black dyes layer that in photoresist, comprises black dyes or chromium oxide layer etc. in the photoresist.In addition, the thickness of light shield layer 16 preferably, below about 10nm.

[C0017] from the light-emitting zone 13a of this lighting device 200 towards the below (with observer 113 be opposition side) light, inject reflection type LCD 300 by transparent anode 11 and the 1st transparency carrier 51.In addition, from light-emitting zone 13a towards the top light of (observer 113 direction), be reflected onto the below or be carried out absorption by negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16.Therefore, can prevent light as far as possible, directly enter the observer's 113 who watches lighting device 200 from the top eyes from light-emitting zone 13a.

[C0018] in order to improve this shaded effect, the width of light shield layer 16 is preferably wideer than the width of patterned negative electrode 12.In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the distance L 1 between the edge of patterned negative electrode 12 and the edge of light shield layer 16 preferably equals the total L2 of the thickness of the thickness of light-emitting zone 13a of organic layer 13 and patterned negative electrode 12, or bigger than L2, more can improve shaded effect whereby.

[C0019] in the above-mentioned formation of present embodiment, negative electrode 12 is patterned as tool reservation shape at regular intervals, for example for strip, and anode 11 patterning not, but about other embodiment, negative electrode 12 and anode 11 are exchanged.Promptly in Fig. 6, anode 11 is configured in the position of negative electrode 12, negative electrode 12 is configured in the position of anode 11.At this moment, anode 11 is patterned as above-mentioned reservation shape, and 12 on negative electrode is patterning not.That is, anode 11 directly over the zone of organic layer 13 become light-emitting zone 13a.

[C0020] in addition, about the embodiment of different other therewith, anode 11 and negative electrode 12 be patterning and be formed at whole not, and with electron supplying layer 13E, luminescent layer 13L, and 3 layers of hole transporting layer 13H in one deck at least, be patterned as above-mentioned reservation shape.At this moment, these 3 layers zone that all overlaps and form become light-emitting zone, and the zone that lacks in 3 layers arbitrary layer becomes non-luminous region.

[C0021] in addition, produce reflection and distinguish apparent time at reflection type LCD 300 described later from the light that light-emitting zone 13a sent by observer 113, for the eyes that do not make observer 113 have sticky feeling, the spacing of preferably patterned negative electrode 12 (or anode 11 or constitute arbitrary layer in above-mentioned 3 layers of organic layer 13) is about below the 1mm.

[A0022] following explanation negative electrode 12 is patterned as reservation shape, is the situation of strip.Yet as mentioned above, at the layer that the layer beyond the negative electrode 12 is used as determine light-emitting zone 13a and during patterning, present embodiment has same formation and action, and can reach same effect.

[C0022] then illustrates the structure of reflection type LCD 300.As shown in Figure 6, on each of plurality of pixels zone that the TFT substrate of for example being formed with glass substrate 30 is separated, be formed with the thin film transistor (TFT) 31 (the following TFT that slightly is called) that switches usefulness.TFT 31 is covered by interlayer dielectric film 32.In addition, corresponding to each TFT 31, and be formed with the pixel electrode that the metal material that for example with aluminium (Al) etc. light reflected is formed on interlayer dielectric 32, promptly reflecting electrode 33.Reflecting electrode 33 sees through the contact hole CH that is formed on interlayer dielectric 32, packing material by the electric conductivity that do not show among the figure etc. and being connected with drain electrode or the grid of pairing TFT 31.

[C0023] is provided with predetermined interval region between the reflecting electrode 33 of adjacency, promptly have the 37S of the portion of cracking of preset width.The function of the orientation control part of usefulness is cut apart in the orientation that this 37S of portion that cracks has liquid crystal layer 42 described later.In addition, and, be formed with 30 orientations are the alignment film 34 of predetermined angular so that liquid crystal molecule is to the TFT substrate to coat the mode of the reflecting electrode 33 and the 37S of portion that cracks.

[C0024] in addition, relative with the TFT substrate 30 that is formed with reflecting electrode 33 to, and be formed with the subtend substrate of for example being formed 35 with glass substrate.For example be formed with shared electrode 36 by ITO formed on the surface of subtend substrate 35 (with the face of TFT substrate 30 subtends).Be formed with jut 37P on shared electrode 36, it is divided into the orientation control part of 2 different predetermined directions as the liquid crystal alignment with liquid crystal layer 42 described later.This jut 37P for example with patterning of photoresist etc. formed.In addition, be formed with alignment film 38 in the mode that coats shared electrode 36 and jut 37P.

[C0025] at the back side of subtend substrate 35 (with the face of observer's 113 subtends), disposes λ/4 wavelength plates 39 (1/4th wavelength plate) in order to 1/4th the optical phase difference that produces light wavelength λ on the other hand.λ/4 wavelength plates 39 carry out the conversion from linear polarization toward rotatory polarization, or carry out the conversion from rotatory polarization toward linear polarization.In order in the wavelength light in broadband, also to carry out the conversion of above-mentioned polarisation, also can be on λ/4 wavelength plates 39, will be in addition laminated and dispose in order to λ/2 wavelength plates (2 minutes 1 wavelength plates) 1/2nd the optical phase difference that produces light wavelength, that do not show among the figure.On λ/4 wavelength plates 39, laminated more in regular turn by light scattering layer 40 and the polarizing layer 41 for example formed by the diffusion bonding coat.Light scattering layer 40 makes the light scatter from lighting device 200, and equably toward reflecting electrode 33 irradiations.In addition, polarizing layer 41 is identical with above-mentioned the 1st embodiment.

[C0026] in addition, enclosing between TFT substrate 30 and subtend substrate 35 has liquid crystal layer 42.Liquid crystal layer 42 is for example by having positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy, and have the predetermined mode orientation of revolving optical activity and formed, driven by TN (Twisted Nematic: reverse array) pattern or MTN (Mixed Twisted Nematic: mix and reverse array) pattern by spiral helicine liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal).

[C0027] or, liquid crystal layer 42 can be driven by the pattern beyond above-mentioned.For example liquid crystal layer 42 can be made up of the liquid crystal molecule (for example array liquid crystal) that has negative specific inductive capacity anisotropy and have a vertical orientation, and by vertical alignment mode, promptly (VerticalAligned: vertical orientation) pattern is driven VA.

[C0028] then illustrates the marriage relation of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, and as shown in Figures 1 and 2, lighting device 200 preferably disposes with the top that is close to reflection type LCD 300.Yet, if between lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300, have air layer, the light that is radiated from the 1st transparency carrier 51 of lighting device 200 then produces reflection and returns observer's side entering, and may cause the reduction of contrast when this air layer.

[C0029] therefore, preferably, can lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 be engaged via having and the resin bed 45 of the 1st transparency carrier 51 identical refractive indexes (for example being UV hard resin-layer or visible light hard resin-layer), can be suppressed the refraction of light whereby as far as possible.Or as shown in Figure 2, also can make the not mode of contact organic EL component layer 15 of polarizing layer 41 via resin bed 45 and the 2nd transparency carrier 52, lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 are engaged.Not only can promote the utilization ratio of the light that lighting device 200 radiated, the integral thickness of the thinning display device of more can trying one's best this moment.

[C0030] then illustrates the configuration relation of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300.As Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 6, the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and the spacing P1 of light shield layer 16 are identical with the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33.At this moment, negative electrode 12 and light shield layer 16 preferably, be disposed at the 37S of the portion of cracking between several reflecting electrodes 33 that the demonstration to reflection type LCD 300 can not exert an influence directly over.Can have following advantage whereby, promptly the major part of the light that reflecting electrode 33 reflected can not covered by light shield layer 16, and is distinguished by observer 113 by the gap of these light shield layers 16 and to look.

[C0031] also can make the spacing P1 of the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and light shield layer 16 littler than the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33 in addition, and makes the ratio to spacing P2 of spacing P1, and promptly P1/P2 becomes 1/ natural number.If spacing P1 and spacing P2 are identical, then may when the demonstration of reflection type LCD 300, produce interference stripes or ripple (Moire), by setting the ratio of this spacing P1 and spacing P2, can suppress these phenomenons.

[C0032] or, can make the spacing P1 of the negative electrode 12 of lighting device 200 and light shield layer 16 bigger on the contrary, and make the ratio of spacing P1 spacing P2 than the spacing P2 of reflecting electrode 33, promptly P1/P2 becomes natural number.The phenomenon that also can suppress above-mentioned interference stripes etc. whereby.

[C0033] in addition, in the present embodiment, lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300 have configuration relation shown below except above-mentioned configuration relation.The detailed situation of this configuration relation then is described with reference to accompanying drawing.Figure 10 is the sectional view with the display device local enlargement display of the embodiment of the invention.In Figure 10, for the convenience that illustrates, the only reflecting electrode 33 of the constituent components of the light shield layer 16 of display illumination device 200, organic EL component layer 15, liquid crystal layer 42, reflection type LCD 300, and TFT substrate 30, the accompanying drawing of other constituent components is omitted.

[C0034] at first as shown in figure 10, in organic EL component layer 15, with the distance definition between the center 13c of the light-emitting zone 13a of adjacency is D1, is D2 with the distance definition between the surface of the reflecting electrode 33 of the center 13c of light-emitting zone 13a and this perpendicular line direction.In addition, on vertical 2 mean lines of the line that is linked between the center 13c with the light-emitting zone 13a of adjacency, these vertical 2 mean lines are θ with the formed angle of light from the center 13c of light-emitting zone 13a on the surface of injecting reflecting electrode 33, and this angle θ with distance D 1 and distance D 2 be the arctan function of variable, when being arctan (D1, D2), above-mentioned angle θ is determined by following formula.

[C0035] [mathematical expression 1]

θ＝arctan(D1/(2×D2))

[C0036] at this moment, in the present embodiment, angle θ is set at the visual angle interdependence that can not cause reflection type LCD 300 and produces the predetermined angular that worsens, and as the configuration relation of lighting device 200 and reflection type LCD 300.That is, can obtaining the so distance D 1 and the distance D 2 of predetermined angle theta, and center 13c and the reflecting electrode 33 of the light-emitting zone 13a of configuration organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15.

[C0037] at this, for example when liquid crystal layer 42 was driven with the TN pattern, above-mentioned predetermined angle theta was greater than 0 degree and below 20 degree.In addition, for example when liquid crystal layer 42 was driven with vertical alignment mode, above-mentioned predetermined angle theta was greater than 0 degree and below 50 degree.

[C0038] about realizing the method for above-mentioned angle θ, for example in the mode of the distance D 1 that can obtain to satisfy mathematical expression 1, carries out the patterning of the negative electrode 12 (or layer of decision light-emitting zone 13a) of organic EL component layer 15.In addition, to obtain the pure mode that satisfies the distance D 2 of mathematical expression 1, the thickness of the one deck at least in the existing several layers between organic layer 13 and the reflecting electrode 33 is adjusted.

[C0039] then illustrates the action of above-mentioned reflection type LCD 300.At first inject the light of reflection type LCD 300, become the linear polarization of the polarizing axis of corresponding polarizing layer 41, and cross λ/4 wavelength plates 39 and become rotatory polarization via light scattering layer 40 transmissions from lighting device 200.This rotatory polarization transmission is crossed subtend substrate 35 and shared electrode 36 and is injected liquid crystal layer 42.

[C0040] owing to having or not that the voltage toward reflecting electrode 33 and shared electrode 36 applies, changes the electric field of liquid crystal layer 42 at this moment, and therefore in each pixel, the optical phase missionary society of liquid crystal layer 42 changes.In addition, the rotatory polarization of injecting liquid crystal layer 42 is because this optical phase difference and in the reflection of reflecting electrode, and becomes the reflecting electrode with the sense of rotation of turning left or turning right and penetrate.This rotatory polarization transmission is once more crossed λ/4 wavelength plates 39, and becomes the linear polarization of corresponding this sense of rotation and inject in polarizing layer 41.At this, when being consistent with the polarizing axis of polarizing layer 41, this linear polarization transmission is crossed polarizing layer 41 and is become white demonstration at this polarizing axis, and when quadrature, transmission is not crossed polarizing layer 41 and become black the demonstration.

[C0041] at this, when above-mentioned demonstration, and from the light of the center 13c of the light-emitting zone 13a of organic EL component layer 15, the main angle θ that is given with mathematical expression 1 and inject reflecting electrode 33.Therefore the deterioration of optical characteristics of the contrast that angle caused etc. that light-emitting zone 13a is incident upon the light of reflecting electrode 33 can be suppressed to result from as far as possible, the deterioration of visual angle interdependence can be suppressed as far as possible.

[C0042] in addition, can be by as the 37S of the portion of cracking between set several reflecting electrodes 33 of orientation control part and the jut 37P of shared electrode 36, therefore the orientation of carrying out liquid crystal layer 42 is cut apart, and can suppress the deterioration of above-mentioned visual angle interdependence as far as possible.

[C0043] in addition, according to the lighting device 200 of above-mentioned formation, the light that can as far as possible suppress light-emitting zone 13a by light shield layer 16 leaks toward observer 113, therefore comparable known example more improve reflection type LCD 300 demonstration the time contrast.For example, even outside under the more gloomy environment of light, under the environment that promptly outer light is not enough, comparable known example more improves the contrast when showing.

[C0044] in the reflection type LCD 300 of the foregoing description, in shared electrode 36 jut 37P is set and is used as the orientation control part, but the present invention is not limited thereto in addition.For example, though do not show among the figure, also can the 37S of portion that crack be set and replace jut 37P in shared electrode 36.Perhaps also can omit jut 37P.

[C0045] be made up of aluminium (Al) the reflecting electrode 33 that reflective metal material is formed, but the present invention is not limited thereto in addition, for example can be the transparency electrode formed of ITO and the laminated body of reflectance coating.

[C0046] in addition, lighting device 200 at the foregoing description, be formed with organic EL component layer 15 and as the set of luminescence component, but also can form other luminescence component, for example can form the layer of being formed by the inorganic electroluminescence component layer, replace organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 15.

[C0047] is formed with the light shield layer 16 of coating negative electrode 12 at the lighting device 200 of the foregoing description, but also can omits light shield layer 16 in addition.At this moment, though the light of light-emitting zone 13a only produces a little leakage toward observer's 113 sides, but negative electrode 12 also dual-purpose be light shield layer.

The organic EL component layer 15 of [D0021] the 2nd and the 3rd embodiment is not limited to shown in Figure 6.The example of the formation that changes organic EL component layer 15 then is described with reference to accompanying drawing.Figure 11 shows organic electric-excitation luminescent component layer 25, and section part that will be identical with Fig. 2 enlarges and the sectional view of demonstration.In addition, Figure 12 shows the approximate three-dimensional map of several luminescence components 25D local enlargement display that will constitute this organic EL component layer 25.In Figure 11 and Figure 12, only show among several luminescence components 25D.

As shown in figure 11, organic EL component layer 25 is made up of luminescence component 25D such as organic EL components.In the formation zone of luminescence component 25D, the section of being formed with difference cambium layer 26 on the 1st transparency carrier 51.This section difference cambium layer 26 is made up of the transparent resins such as acryl resin of sensing optical activity (photonasty).Tin indium oxide) and IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide: the anode 27 formed of transparent conductive material such as indium zinc oxide) on section difference cambium layer 26, be formed with (Indium Tin Oxide: by ITO.

[D0022] [D0024] in the mode of the side that coats anode 27, section difference cambium layer 26 and anode 27, forms the organic layer 28 on the surface with arch shape in addition.Organic layer 28 is made up of hole transporting layer 13H, the luminescent layer 13L, the electron supplying layer 13E that are formed in regular turn from anode 27 sides.At this,, therefore only need for example make hole transporting layer 13H form and electron supplying layer 13E is thicker gets final product than luminescent layer 13L because organic layer 28 forms above-mentioned arch shape.In addition, form the negative electrode of being formed by aluminium or chromium 29 in the mode that coats organic layer 28.

This luminescence component of [D0025] [D0026] 25D is via the sealing material 53 of UV hardening resin etc., and is enclosed in the space CAV between the 1st transparency carrier 51 and the 2nd transparency carrier 52.In addition, the space CAV side at sealing material 53 disposes drying agent 54.Or also can in sealing material 53, sneak into desiccant particles.In addition, preferably in the CAV of this space, enclose the nitrogen that drying is arranged.By this formation, can suppress organic layer 28 and produce deterioration because of moisture.

Perhaps, though do not show among the figure, resin can be inserted in the CAV of space.At this moment, the refractive index of the refractive index of the resin of being inserted be can make, and the 1st transparency carrier 51 or the reflection of the interface generation of the 2nd transparency carrier 52 and resin suppressed near glass.For example, in the CAV of space, acryl resin of comprising drying agent etc. can be inserted the periphery of luminescence component 25D.

[D0027] in addition, as shown in figure 12, luminescence component 25D forms for example semicircular cylinder shape, at this moment, preferably, the two ends of negative electrode 29 have the part that directly is formed at the 1st transparency carrier 51.Whereby, can really organic layer 28 be coated by negative electrode 29, and certain moisture that prevents is invaded in organic layer 28.

[D0030] [D0031] is in above-mentioned luminescence component 25D, because section difference cambium layer 26 and anode 27 be transparent, so the organic layer 28 from the anode 27 is towards the light of below, orientating reflex type LCD 300.On the other hand, the light towards other direction that is sent from organic layer 28 because negative electrode 29 has the function of reflectance coating, therefore reflects toward the direction optically focused of reflection type LCD 300.That is, from the light of luminescence component 25D with the vertical direction of orientating reflex type LCD 300 or generally vertical direction direction and control this directive property.Whereby because oblique injecting in the light of the display surface of reflection type LCD 300 can reduce, therefore to display surface the light of oblique ejaculation also can reduce.Therefore can promote the lifting that shows contrast and reach the demonstration image quality.

[E0034] [E0035] in addition, in above-mentioned the 1st to the 3rd embodiment, organic layer 13,28 can adopt the chemical substance different with the adulterant of this luminescent layer 13L etc., can send the light of different color whereby.At this, for example make organic layer 28 send R (redness), G (green), and B (blueness) in any color, and to make the integral body of combination of the organic layer 13,28 of above-mentioned 3 looks be that the mode of sending the light of white is adjusted.But the regulation that the wavelength of all kinds of above-mentioned R, G, B must be not tight, only needing with the predetermined wavelength be that benchmark is controlled in the scope of certain degree and gets final product.That is, the wavelength of R, G, B also can be different with the wavelength of all kinds of general employed R, G, B.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of display device, it possesses lighting device and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, it is characterized by:

Aforementioned illumination apparatus possesses transparency carrier, and is configured to the luminescence component of strip on this transparency carrier, and a side the face of above-mentioned luminescence component and the display surface of above-mentioned reflection-type liquid-crystal display device are relative to the configuration;

Above-mentioned light-emitting component so that the mode that the wider direction in the visual angle on the long side direction of luminescence component and the above-mentioned display surface is orthogonal dispose.

2, display device according to claim 1 is characterized by, and possessing has:

Liquid crystal layer is formed by spiral helicine liquid crystal molecule by having positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy and orientation, is driven by the twisting number group mode; And a pair of alignment film, the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer of double team, and have orthogonal in the horizontal direction alignment direction;

The wider direction in visual angle on the above-mentioned display surface is for being that sense of rotation toward above-mentioned liquid crystal molecule departs from 45 ° direction with respect to above-mentioned alignment direction.

3, display device according to claim 1 is characterized by, and possessing has:

Liquid crystal layer is made up of positive specific inductive capacity anisotropy and liquid crystal molecule with homogeneity orientation, and is driven by electrically controlled birefringence mode; And a pair of alignment film, the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer of double team, and have alignment direction parallel to each other in the horizontal direction;

The wider direction in visual angle on the above-mentioned display surface is to be the direction of quadrature with respect to above-mentioned alignment direction.

4, display device according to claim 1 is characterized by, and possessing has:

Liquid crystal layer is made up of negative specific inductive capacity anisotropy and liquid crystal molecule with vertical orientation, and is driven by vertical alignment mode; And polarizing layer, be configured on the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer, and extract the linear polarization of predetermined polarizing axis out;

The wider direction in visual angle on the above-mentioned display surface is with respect to the orthogonal directions of above-mentioned predetermined polarizing axis or the either direction of parallel direction.

5, display device according to claim 1 is characterized by,

Above-mentioned luminescence component is made up of the organic EL component that possesses anode and negative electrode.

6, display device according to claim 5 is characterized by,

At least one side's patterning forms strip in above-mentioned anode and the above-mentioned negative electrode.

7, display device according to claim 6 is characterized by,

Above-mentioned negative electrode patterning forms strip, and this cathode arrangement is above above-mentioned anode.

8, display device according to claim 5 is characterized by,

Above-mentioned organic EL component possesses electron supplying layer, luminescent layer and hole transporting layer between above-mentioned anode and above-mentioned negative electrode, at least one layer patternization forms strip in above-mentioned electron supplying layer, luminescent layer and the hole transporting layer.

9, display device according to claim 1 is characterized by,

Mode with the opposing party's of covering above-mentioned luminescence component face disposes light shield layer.

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