CN101370712A - 用于在容器上贴标签的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于在容器上贴标签的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101370712A
CN101370712A CNA2007800025280A CN200780002528A CN101370712A CN 101370712 A CN101370712 A CN 101370712A CN A2007800025280 A CNA2007800025280 A CN A2007800025280A CN 200780002528 A CN200780002528 A CN 200780002528A CN 101370712 A CN101370712 A CN 101370712A
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China
Prior art keywords
axle
leading end
nozzle
along
around
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Granted
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CNA2007800025280A
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CN101370712B (zh
Inventor
罗伯特·F·康茨
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Gerro Plast GmbH
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Gerro Plast GmbH
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    • B65C3/06—Affixing labels to short rigid containers
    • B65C3/08—Affixing labels to short rigid containers to container bodies
    • B65C3/14—Affixing labels to short rigid containers to container bodies the container being positioned for labelling with its centre-line vertical
    • B65C3/16—Affixing labels to short rigid containers to container bodies the container being positioned for labelling with its centre-line vertical by rolling the labels onto cylindrical containers, e.g. bottles
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    • B29C63/38—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses
    • B29C63/42—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses using tubular layers or sheathings
    • B29C63/423—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses using tubular layers or sheathings specially applied to the mass-production of externally coated articles, e.g. bottles
    • B29C63/426—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses using tubular layers or sheathings specially applied to the mass-production of externally coated articles, e.g. bottles in combination with the in situ shaping of the external tubular layer
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    • B29C53/42—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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Abstract

通过绕圆柱形心轴缠绕一定长度的标签材料，然后当标签材料已经绕心轴缠绕时，将热、粘合剂或其它密封装置引入到标签材料的引导端部分和结尾端部分之间的间隙中，从而形成用于容器的标签。圆柱形套筒滑离心轴，并在下方通过的容器上收缩。具有绕其的圆柱形套筒的容器于是移动到加热位置，加热优选为泡沫聚苯乙烯的标签材料并使其收缩，以与容器的轮廓一致。

Description

用于在容器上贴标签的方法和装置
交叉参考相关申请
本申请基于2006年1月20日申请的临时申请No.60/760850，并要求受益于该临时申请。
背景技术
长期以来一直是通过绕容器缠绕一定长度的热收缩标签材料以形成绕所述容器的套筒，然后加热该套筒以使其收缩而与容器的侧壁界面配合，从而将塑性的或其它热收缩标签贴到瓶或其它容器。在形成套筒中，重要的是在接缝处具有良好的密封。这是通过重叠边缘，并且通过溶剂、粘合剂或加热密封将临近一边缘的一小部分的内表面密封到临近另一边缘的一小部分的外表面而实现的。例如参见美国专利No.5415721，其内容在此引入以作参考。
根据一种广泛使用的工艺，一定长度的标签材料绕心轴缠绕且密封。该密封的套筒于是从顶部或底部放置到容器上。然后容器和标签暴露于热中，导致标签材料的套筒收缩到容器的轮廓。因为使用了分开的心轴以形成套筒，因而套筒可被放置在相当复杂形状的容器上然后收缩。
在另一现有技术工艺中，一定长度的标签原料绕容器缠绕，再使用粘合剂以将标签的引导边缘和结尾边缘密封在一起，然后加热该结合以将套筒收缩到容器，从而形成标签。尽管该系统提供了一种将可收缩标签贴到容器的低成本方法，但是其限制容器具有大概圆柱形状。因而，与先前描述的其中套筒通过将一定长度的标签原料绕心轴缠绕而形成的工艺相对照，在此情况下标签原料绕容器缠绕且使用容器作为心轴而密封。
在描述的第一工艺中，需要较大且非常昂贵的机械以执行需要的任务。在一系列这种机械上，使用热密封条以密封引导边缘和结尾边缘，从而在心轴上形成套筒的缝合。在该心轴工艺的修改例中，热空气被引导到需要的密封区域。在这两种情况(热条、热空气)下，复杂的密封系统不仅需要昂贵的机械系统，而且从一个容器尺寸或设计到另一个的改变需要延长的时间周期，用于昂贵的工具的机械改变。还需要延长的时间周期，以使得机器达到用于加热密封的速度和合适的温度，这导致产生了大量的昂贵的废料。使用在心轴上的套筒的方法的公司通常具有同样容器的非常长的运行。因而，起动时间、工具成本和废料率不是主要问题。
本发明提供的方法和装置能够在复杂形状的容器上贴标签，同样地用心轴套筒工艺可完成，同时减小成本、设备的复杂性、这类心轴/套筒工艺所需要的起动时间。本发明还使得减小工具成本、机器起动时间，并且减少废料的产生。
本发明的系统包括独立的机构，用于实现将临近结尾边缘的较短长度(1/4”至3/8”)的标签原料密封到临近引导边缘的较短长度的标签原料，以形成圆柱套筒，该套筒可放置在容器上并在其上热收缩以形成标签。该独立的机构被驱动(机械驱动或电驱动)以与心轴架同步，并且在标签材料完成绕心轴的缠绕时，用于将加热表面、热空气流、溶剂原料或粘合剂引导到密封位置，该密封位置位于标签材料的引导边缘和结尾边缘长度的重叠之间。
在一个实施例中，喷嘴在一个可旋转的塔架上旋转，其速度与具有缠绕的标签的心轴在心轴塔架上旋转的速度相匹配，并且通过凸轮动作提供喷嘴的“鼻部”在密封区域的停留，以将结尾边缘部密封到引导边缘部，然后通过凸轮动作从密封区域退回。操作中，喷嘴匹配标签重叠的速度，并对于塔架旋转的一部分相对于塔架停留，同时将加热或其它粘合装置供应到间隙中，其暂时地出现在结尾端部和引导端部之间，然后退回。该机构及时旋转在塔架上具有各种心轴的大量密封装置，该些心轴承载在该塔架上。
因为喷嘴承载在可旋转的塔架上，该塔架与心轴塔架缠绕装置相分离，因而与现有技术的心轴类型机器相比，其具有相当小的质量。这可快速达到操作温度和速度，从而减少整个工艺的起动时间。
发明内容
本发明涉及首先通过绕心轴缠绕一定长度的标签原料以形成套筒，再将标签原料的较短长度的结尾端密封到较短长度的引导端，然后使套筒在容器上滑动且绕容器收缩套筒，从而将可热收缩塑料或其它可收缩材料的标签贴到容器。一个实施例的特征在于，在可旋转塔架上承载接收标签原料的可旋转心轴，该可旋转塔架临近第二可旋转塔架定位，在该第二可旋转塔架上安装有多个喷嘴，每个喷嘴具有鼻部件，该鼻部件定位成用于当标签原料绕心轴缠绕时，插入到标签原料的较短部分的结尾端和较短部分的引导端之间的间隙中。喷嘴引导热进入该间隙中，以使标签原料变软，使得当这些端部彼此接触时，结尾端部分将粘附到引导端部分的外表上，或喷嘴将粘合剂施加到引导端部分的外表面或结尾端部分的内表面或这两者，使得当该结尾端部分被引人与其接触时，结尾端部分粘附到引导端部分的外表面。
在一个实施例中，用于将热或粘合剂施加到该间隙中的喷嘴承载在具有凸轮机构的可旋转塔架上，该凸轮机构在固定件内形成的一对凸轮槽中运动。该凸轮槽的轮廓使得允许喷嘴的鼻部定位在缠绕在心轴上的标签原料的引导端和结尾端之间的间隙中，持续较短的弧度行进距离，在20°至40°的量级上，优选的弧度行进长度为30°量级。
在另一实施例中，代替采用喷嘴，以在标签材料绕心轴缠绕时，喷嘴延伸到临时在标签材料的引导端部和标签材料的结尾端部之间形成的间隙中，而是通过采用在心轴中的加热件或接受器，可实现结尾端部到引导端部的密封。该接受器被加热到足够高的温度，以导致当引导端部和结尾端部界面接触时，在引导端部和结尾端部重叠之间界面连接。可采用滚轮或循环毡紧紧靠着心轴上重叠的引导端部和结尾端部，以促使结尾端部与引导端部界面配合。
在一实施例中，接受器可通过来自感应线圈的感应加热而被加热，该感应线圈定位在心轴的稍微外侧，并且标签在那里被缠绕。优选地接受器的表面从圆柱心轴的外围稍微凹下，以确保缠绕的标签不接触接受器的加热表面，直到重叠的引导和结尾端部被密封滚轮(sealer roller)、带或其它用于推动它们而界面接触的装置推动。
通过下面的对优选实施例的详细描述和附图，本发明的其它目的和优点对于本领域技术人员而言将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的用于给容器贴标签的整个系统的顶部俯视图。
图2是局部剖切的视图，示出了具有套筒的容器，围绕容器的该套筒刚从心轴传送到容器，但处于加热收缩之前。
图3是局部剖切的视图，示出了套筒加热并收缩以形成与容器的侧壁滑动配合的标签后的容器。
图4局部地顶部俯视图，示出了绕承载在可旋转塔架上的心轴缠绕的标签原料材料，以及承载在第二塔架上的分配喷嘴，该第二塔架具有一对凸轮，每个凸轮都配合在凸轮凹槽中。
图5是图4中示出的一部分装置的正视图。
图6是(1)心轴的最外表面和(2)喷嘴的行进路径的示意性表示。
图7是修改的实施例，其中分配喷嘴刚性地安装在第二塔架上，使得喷嘴的分配端或鼻部仅行进圆形路径，并且由于由心轴的外边缘行进的圆形路径和喷嘴的分配端的圆形路径没有重叠，而仅片刻定位在标签材料的结尾边缘和引导边缘之间的间隙中。
图8是(1)心轴的最外表面和(2)用于图7的实施例的喷嘴的行进路径的示意性表示。
图9是顶部俯视图，示出了在心轴的分离部分中具有加热器的另一实施例。
图10和11是示意性视图，示出了喷嘴在间隙中处于图4-6的实施例中各种弧度位置的定位。
图12是修改的喷嘴的顶部俯视图。
图13是修改的实施例，示出了使用安装在心轴上的接受器和用于加热接受器的感应线圈。
图14是分解透视图，示出了心轴和接受器。
图15是心轴的顶部透视图，该心轴具有定位在其中的接受器。
图16是心轴的一部分和接受器以及相协作的向下滚动的滚轮的顶部俯视图。
图17A和17B示出了心轴中的临近用于容纳接受器的凹槽的真空孔。
具体实施方式
参考图1，其示例性地示出了根据本发明申请的教导用于将标签贴到容器C上的装置。容器C在输送机10上被传送，且通过进给螺杆12转移到旋转塔架14，该旋转塔架14具有多个凹部16，用于接收容器C并通过塔架14的顺时针旋转将它们转移到标签贴合位置(未示出)，在该位置处，如下文的描述，形成圆柱形套筒S的标签材料24滑过容器C，以传送到第二输送机18和加热位置(未示出)，在该加热位置，这种圆柱形套筒收缩成紧密地符合容器C的外表面。优选地标签材料24是泡沫聚苯乙烯；然而，可使用广范围的各种其它受热可收缩的材料。
心轴塔架20定位在塔架14和承载在凹部16中的容器C之上的高度，该心轴塔架20绕轴线A能沿逆时针方向旋转。心轴塔架20具有多个朝外面对的凹部21，每个凹部具有定位在其中的心轴22。心轴22被安装用于当心轴塔架20沿逆时针方向旋转时，其在凹部21中沿逆时针方向旋转。
因此，当心轴塔架20绕轴线A逆时针承载心轴20时，每个心轴22在心轴塔架20的各自的凹部21中绕其纵向轴线L逆时针旋转。除了处于比承载容器C的塔架14更高的位置之外，心轴塔架20定位成使得当凹部21和由此承载的心轴22到达每个旋转运动的大约两点的位置时，每个心轴22将暂时地位于顺时针运动塔架14的凹部16上，并位于承载在其中的容器C上。在心轴22位于容器C上的间隔期间，由该心轴22承载的圆柱形套筒向下滑离心轴，并滑到容器C上。其上具有套入的大概圆柱形套筒的容器于是被顺序地从塔架14的凹部16转移到脱除塔架(未示出)再被传送到输送机18，该可拆除塔架具有凹部或其它本领域公知的脱除装置。该输送机18将具有套筒的容器C传送到加热位置，该套筒松弛地定位在容器上，在加热位置，该套筒被加热到它们将收缩成与其相关联的容器的外表面配合的温度，包括容器的从容器C的具有较大直径的部分缩进的那些部分。
图2是局部剖切的视图，示出了具有套筒S的容器C，围绕容器的该套筒刚从心轴22传送到容器C，但处于加热收缩之前。套筒S具有接缝27，该接缝通过标签材料的结尾端24B重叠在引导端24A上而形成。图3是局部剖切的视图，示出了套筒加热并收缩以形成与容器C的侧壁紧贴配合的标签L后的容器C。应注意到，标签配合主要壁表面的所有部分，包括具有比邻近部分更小的直径的那些部分。
现在参考图4和5，示出了装置的一个实施例，该装置用于将一定长度的标签原料材料24贴到在心轴塔架20的凹部21中可旋转的心轴22上，标签原料24从一卷原料材料被切削到适合于容器C的直径的长度，该容器C将被贴合该标签原料材料。在本发明中，将被用于任何具体容器的标签原料24的长度将取决于该容器的大小，并且将是大约1/4至3/8英寸，长度上比套筒S的圆周更长。套筒S的圆周通过其直径而确定，该直径比容器的最大直径稍大，使得套筒S可容易地在容器上滑动。
如图4所示，标签原料24的引导边缘24A配合旋转心轴22，并且当心轴22旋转时，标签原料24绕心轴缠绕。当心轴22完成由引导边缘24A配合的区域的360度旋转时，标签原料24的结尾端24B和其邻近的较短长度(在1/4至3/8英寸的量级)将在上面，但是将与引导端24A和其邻近的类似长度(1/4至3/8英寸)相脱离，从而在结尾端24B和其邻近的较短长度以及引导端24A和其邻近的较短长度之间产生间隙G。当心轴22绕其纵向轴线L继续旋转时，该结尾端24B和邻近部将被推动与引导端24A面和其邻近部的外表相接触，从而封闭间隙G并密封该邻近部，以形成如图2所示的接缝27。在此期间，心轴20绕轴线A逆时针方向旋转，使得心轴22的最外部分沿圆形路径40行进。引导端24A和限定间隙G的一侧的邻近的较短长度也沿该圆形路径行进。
在本发明中，在通过推动结尾端24B部分使其与引导端24A部分配合而封闭间隙G之前这一短暂间隔期间，连续的多个喷嘴26插入到该间隙G中，并且将向该间隙吹入足够温度的热空气，以加热该引导端24A部分或结尾端部分24B或这两者到一温度，该温度足够导致结尾端24B部分粘附到引导端24A部分，从而形成接缝27(参见图2)，或者喷嘴26将喷出溶剂或粘合剂到间隙G中，从而形成粘附的密封接缝27。
用于将每个各自的喷嘴26移动到连续的间隙G中或从其中移出的装置包括用于每个喷嘴26的臂28，该臂枢转地安装在往复件30上的枢转点41，该往复件安装在可旋转塔架36上。该往复件30借助于定位在凸轮凹槽32中的凸轮31，而可朝向心轴塔架20向外径向运动和远离心轴塔架向内径向运动。第二凸轮33定位在第二凸轮凹槽34中。凸轮凹槽32和34在固定板38中形成，该固定板定位在塔架36下方。该第二凸轮凹槽34的轮廓使得当第一凸轮凹槽32导致第一凸轮31使臂28和喷嘴26径向向外运动到喷嘴26可运动到间隙G中的位置时，凸轮28绕枢转点41从第一位置旋转到第二位置，在第一位置处喷嘴26与间隙G隔开(如图4中的虚线所示)，在第二位置处喷嘴26定位在间隙G中(如图4中的实线所示)。
臂28、往复件30和凸轮31安装在可旋转塔架36上，该塔架36可绕轴线B顺时针旋转，如箭头39所示。参见图1、4、5和6。凸轮凹槽32和34在所有区域中沿固定板38中的圆形路径行进，除了如图4所示的较短区域，在该区域中，它们每一个的轮廓都沿相反的弓形路径32R和34R，当它们通过心轴塔架20而旋转时，该路径平行于心轴22的最外部分沿弓形路径30。当可旋转塔架36如箭头39所示沿顺时针方向旋转时，凸轮31和33在它们各自的凸轮凹槽32和34中移动，并且当凸轮31和33分别位于相反曲线路径32R和34R中时，凸轮31和33通过凸轮凹槽32、34而产生径向向外延伸，并且当它们超出相反的曲线路径32R和34R时，它们朝向可旋转塔架36的轴线向内径向退回。凸轮33在相反曲线路径34R中的运动还导致凸轮28绕枢转点41枢转，以首先将喷嘴26承载到间隙G中，然后再从中移出。
由于凸轮31和33沿各自的凸轮凹槽32和34的相反曲线路径32R和34R行进，喷嘴26行进的路径将与可旋转心轴32的最外表面行进的路径大概相同，并且如果与喷嘴26在由可旋转塔架36承载的旋转运动中沿固定圆形路径行进这种情况相比将持续更长的时间周期。优选地，相反曲线路径32R和34R的范围大约是塔架36的45°，然而，其可以是差不多55°。假设心轴塔架20具有32英寸的直径，并且可旋转塔架36具有24英寸的直径，那么对于心轴22的大约30°至40°的弓形运动范围，喷嘴26将保持在间隙G中。与如果喷嘴26从可旋转塔架36的轴线B沿简单的固定半径的圆形路径行进相比，那么可能的是这允许喷嘴26将热空气吹入到间隙G中持续更长的时间周期。
如前所述，由于臂28的外端的特征，该臂28具有沿第二凸轮凹槽34行进的第二凸轮33，因而该臂28被导致相对于其与往复件30的连接部的轴线41稍微枢转。因而，当凸轮33的运动方向从凸轮凹槽32的圆形路径改变到沿凹槽路径34R的相反曲线部的路径，以将喷嘴26移动到标签原料24的引导端24A部分和结尾端24B部分之间的间隙G中时，臂28将沿顺时针方向移动较短距离。当凸轮33到达相反曲线路径34R的相对端时，其中该路径34R从相反曲线改变回到向外凸起曲线路径，凸轮33导致臂28沿逆时针方向稍微退回，以刚好在标签原料24的结尾端24B部分被推动与引导端24A部分密封配合之前，从间隙G中移去喷嘴26。
图6在下部分中示意性示出了圆形路径40，当心轴22在心轴塔架22上绕轴线A旋转时，心轴22的外径沿该运动的圆形路径40行进。图6在上部中示出了一路径，当喷嘴26在可旋转塔架36上绕轴线B旋转时，每个喷嘴26的尖端沿该路径行进。如图6中可清楚地看到，喷嘴26沿向外的凸起圆形路径42行进大约其旋转循环的大部分，并沿非规则的向内凹入路径44(朝向轴线B向内)行进较短距离，对应可旋转塔架36的大概45°量级的运动。由于心轴塔架20和可旋转塔架36的直径不同，并且由于相反曲线路径32R和34R，喷嘴26的向内凹入路径44的重叠弓形长度关于心轴塔架20和其绕轴线A的圆形路径25的弧为大约30度。优选地，可旋转塔架36具有大约24英寸的直径，且具有安装在其上的12个喷嘴26。相对照地，心轴塔架20可具有大约32英寸的直径，并具有安装在其上的18个心轴22。
参考图7，示出了修改的实施例，其中喷嘴26刚性地安装在可旋转塔架36上，使得喷嘴26的尖端26T沿绕可旋转塔架36的轴线B的恒定圆形路径46行进。因此，喷嘴尖端26T的圆形路径46与绕轴线A旋转的心轴22的外表面的圆形路径40没有重叠。在此实施例中，喷嘴尖端26T仅片刻定位在间隙G中。与在图4-6的实施例中所允许的时间相比，这显然导致更短的时间用于加热或分配溶剂或粘合剂。在此实施例中，在加热的情况下，加热的热空气与图1-4的实施例中所采用的相比处于更高的温度。此外，为了加热标签原料24的引导端24A部分和结尾端24B部分，与图2-4的实施例中可能发生的相比，各自的心轴塔架20和可旋转塔架36将在更低的速度下操作。图7的实施例还很适合于将溶剂或粘合剂而不是热空气施加到间隙G中，以在标签原料24的引导端和结尾端之间形成密封。
参考图8，示意性地示出了在图7的实施例中的喷嘴26的尖端26T和心轴22的外直径所行进的可旋转路径。如同可看到的，喷嘴尖端26T的路径46是圆形的，且与心轴的最外部分的圆形路径40仅在单一的接触点处相重合。
图9是修改的实施例，在该实施例中，心轴塔架22A设置有铁芯48，该铁芯通过感应而被电加热。铁芯48相对于每个心轴22A如此定位，使得与加热标签原料材料24的引导端24A和结尾端24B对齐。因此，引导边缘24A将通过铁芯而加热到足够高的温度，以使得结尾端24B在被密封滚轮推动紧靠该引导边缘时密封到其上。
图10和11是示意性视图，示出了在30°重叠的间隔期间，如图4-6的实施例所述，喷嘴26的尖端26T定位在标签原料的引导端和结尾端之间的间隙G中。
图12是修改的喷嘴52，其具有延伸到其尖端52T的通道54，用于使加热的空气流入绕心轴缠绕的标签原料的引导端和结尾端之间的间隙。邻近尖端52T的通道54分叉，以形成第一排出口53和第二排出口55，该第一排出口将加热的空气引导到结尾端24B的内表面，且该第二排出口将加热的空气引导到芯的外表面，使其具有足够高的温度，从而导致结尾端24B在被密封滚轮推动紧靠芯时密封到其上。
图10和11是示意性视图，示出了在30°重叠的间隔期间，如图4-6的实施例所述，喷嘴26的尖端26T定位在标签原料的引导端和结尾端之间的间隙G中。
图12是修改的喷嘴52，其具有延伸到其尖端52T的通道54，用于加热的空气流入绕心轴缠绕的标签原料的引导端和结尾端之间的间隙。邻近尖端52T的通道54分叉，以形成第一排出口53和第二排出口55，该第一排出口将加热的空气引导到结尾端24B的内表面，且该第二排出口将加热的空气引导到引导端24A的外表面。此外，修改的喷嘴52在平坦的表面58上具有特氟纶(
Figure A200780002528D00161
)涂层，用于与标签原料24的引导端24A部分的外表面配合，以提供该引导端部分的压力加热。
参考图13-17，示出了本发明的另外的实施例，其采用不同的方法用于实现当套筒绕心轴缠绕时套筒的引导端部分和结尾端部分之间密封。
在图13中示意性地示出了用于将标签贴到容器上的修改的装置的顶部俯视图。容器C在输送机110上被传送，且通过进给螺杆112转移到旋转塔架114，该旋转塔架114具有多个凹部116，用于接收容器C并通过塔架114的顺时针旋转运动将它们转移到标签贴合位置(未示出)，在该位置处，如下文的描述，形成圆柱形套筒的标签材料滑过容器C，以传送到第二输送机118和加热位置(未示出)，在该加热位置，这种圆柱形套筒收缩成紧密地符合容器C的外表面。
心轴塔架120定位在塔架114和承载在凹部116中的容器C之上的高度，该心轴塔架120绕轴线X能沿逆时针方向旋转。如前一实施例，心轴塔架120具有多个朝外面对的凹部121，每个凹部具有定位在其中的心轴122。心轴122被安装用于当心轴塔架120沿逆时针方向旋转时，其在凹部121中沿逆时针方向旋转。除了被定位在比承载容器C的塔架144更高的位置之外，心轴塔架120被定位成使得当凹部121和由此承载的心轴122到达每个旋转运动的大约两点的位置时，每个心轴122将暂时地位于顺时针运动塔架114的凹部116上，并位于承载在其中的容器C上。在心轴122位于容器C上的间隔期间，由该心轴122承载的圆柱形套筒向下滑离心轴，并滑到容器C上。其上具有套入的大概圆柱形套筒的容器于是被顺序地从塔架114的凹部116转移到输送机118。该输送机118将具有套筒的容器C传送到加热位置，该套筒松弛地定位在容器上，在加热位置，该套筒被加热到它们将收缩成与其相关联的容器的外表面配合的温度，包括容器的从容器C的具有较大直径的部分凹进的那些部分。
与前述实施例相对照，前述实施例在标签原料绕心轴缠绕时，通过将密封装置引入到引导端部分24A和结尾端部分24B之间的间隙中，实现了标签材料24套筒的引导端部分24A和结尾端部分24B之间的密封；而本实施例在标签材料绕心轴122缠绕时，加热标签材料24的引导端部分24A。该部分被加热到一旦结尾端部分24B被推动紧靠该引导端部分时可密封到其上的温度。标签材料的引导端部分24A的加热通过热接受器160而实现，该热接受器由每个旋转心轴122承载在其开槽凹口156中。参见图14和15。优选地，由金属制成的热接受器160由感应线圈154加热，该感应线圈弯曲成较小的弧与一路径处于紧密隔开的关系，心轴的外表面和绕心轴缠绕的标签材料沿该路径行进。感应线圈154处于使得在结尾端24B到达引导端24A所处的位置之前立即加热接受器的位置。在该实施例中，心轴122由硬塑料制成，例如尼龙或其它合适的塑料。如图13所示，感应线圈154可定位成与心轴122处于紧密间隔开的关系，该心轴122沿一弓形路径行进，该弓形路径平行于心轴塔架120旋转期间心轴外表面所行进的路径。
如从图14-16中可见，每个心轴122设置有从外表面122A向内轴向延伸的狭槽156，并且该狭槽大概延伸心轴122的整个高度。安装在轴向狭槽156中的是由诸如钢的金属制成的接受器160，在心轴塔架120和定位在其凹部116中的心轴122的旋转期间，当接受器160经过时其可容易地被感应线圈154加热。接受器160具有大概等于心轴122的整个高度的长度，以使得被加热的套筒材料的引导端部分的整个高度可被加热。优选地，特氟纶(
Figure A200780002528D0017135302QIETU
)涂层171或其它防粘介质将被涂覆到接受器的外表面。
如从图13和16中可见，密封滚轮162被安装用于(1)绕平行于轴线X的轴线Y旋转，(2)远离以及进入一位置的运动，以在接受器160离开与加热接受器的感应线圈154对齐的位置之后，立即推动标签材料24的结尾端部分24B与引导端部分24A密封配合。
如从图13中可见，代替用于推动标签材料24的结尾端24B与引导端24A密封配合的密封滚轮162，绕多个滑轮166旋转的带164可被采用，以推动标签材料的结尾端部分24B紧靠加热的引导端部分24A。
参考图16，示出了修改的实施例，其中使用接受器160，用于实现结尾端部分24B和引导端部分24A之间的密封。在该实施例中，接受器160被设定大小，并被定位在轴向狭槽156中，使得其外面160A稍微从心轴122的外圆柱面122A凹入。通过设置接受器的向外面对表面160A相对于该外圆柱面122A稍微凹入，标签材料24的引导端部分24A被保持与该接受器的外面160A脱离接触，直至结尾端部分24B已经缠绕到叠置位置，此时，密封滚轮162将强制使端部分24B和24A与加热的接受器160的凹入的外面160A配合。
参考图17A和17B，示出了心轴122的优选实施例，其中设置了多个真空标签保持孔166，用于保持被缠绕的标签材料24的引导端部分24A，以保持该引导端部分处于紧靠心轴外表面122A的位置，使得该标签材料24不会不经意地在被密封滚轮162推动与接受器紧靠之前与加热的接受器160接触。该真空孔166还如图16中的虚线所示。
本发明具有除给容器贴标签之外的潜在应用。例如，本发明可被用于形成杯子或其它具有侧壁部分的物品，该侧壁部从顶部到底部向内逐渐变细。通过简单地形成如在此所描述的圆柱形套筒，再使该圆柱形套筒轴向滑离圆柱形心轴，并滑动到锥形心轴，于是该锥形心轴承载该圆柱形套筒到加热位置，用于使该圆柱形套筒加热并收缩成与该锥形心轴相一致，从而容易地且经济地形成这类物品。
如在制造杯子的领域中所公知，在将圆柱形套筒放到锥形心轴上时，平坦的塑料盘定位在心轴的较小端。圆柱形套筒的端部将轴向延伸超过该心轴较小端，并且一旦加热并收缩圆柱形套筒时，轴向延伸的部分将向内径向收缩到一位置，在该位置处，其可被压具轴向推动与塑料盘密封配合，以形成用于该杯子的底部。
本发明的上述详细描述仅出于解释目的而给出。对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是可得到大量的不脱离本发明范围的改变和修改。

Claims (24)

1.一种用于给具有主体部的容器贴标签的方法，包括步骤：
(a)绕旋转的圆柱形心轴缠绕一定长度的标签材料，所述长度的标签材料具有引导端部分和结尾端部分，所述引导端部分与所述心轴首先接触，一旦完成所述缠绕时所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分重叠，所述结尾端部分紧接地在所述完成之前限定与所述引导端部分相隔开的间隙；
(b)将介质放置在所述间隙中，用于导致所述结尾端部分粘附到重叠的引导端部分；
(c)推动所述结尾端部分与所述重叠的引导端部分密封配合，以形成标签坯；和
(d)绕所述主体部定位所述标签坯。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括使所述标签坯收缩成与所述主体部配合的步骤。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，还包括步骤：(a)设置用于将所述介质分配到所述间隙中的喷嘴，和(b)分配所述介质，同时沿所述间隙行进的路径移动所述喷嘴。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述介质包括从喷嘴分配的液体或加热的气体，并且所述方法还包括步骤：
(e)使所述心轴沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转，并使所述心轴绕第二轴线旋转，使得所述心轴的外圆周沿限定一圆形的路径行进；和
(f)在步骤(b)期间使所述喷嘴沿所述路径移动。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其中所述心轴被安装用于沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转，并被安装用于沿同样的方向绕所述第二轴线旋转，其中所述喷嘴被安装用于沿环形路径朝向与所述第一方向相反的方向旋转，所述环形路径包括位于所述圆形的外侧的主要段和沿所述圆形的路径行进的次要段，并且所述方法还包括步骤：使所述喷嘴将所述介质分配到所述间隙中，同时所述喷嘴沿所述次要段移动。
6.一种用于准备用于粘附到容器的标签的方法，包括步骤：
(a)绕旋转的圆柱形心轴的外表面缠绕一定长度的标签材料，所述长度的标签材料具有引导端部分和结尾端部分，所述引导端部分与所述心轴首先接触，一旦完成所述缠绕时所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分重叠，所述结尾端部分紧接地在所述完成之前限定与所述引导端部分相隔开的间隙；
(b)将介质放置在所述间隙中，用于导致所述结尾端部分粘附到所述引导端部分；和
(c)推动所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分密封配合，以形成标签坯。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，还包括步骤：(a)设置用于将所述介质分配到所述间隙中的喷嘴，和(b)分配所述介质，同时沿所述间隙行进的路径移动所述喷嘴。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中所述介质包括从喷嘴分配的液体或加热的气体，并且所述方法还包括步骤：
(d)使所述心轴沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转；
(e)使所述心轴绕第二轴线旋转，使得所述心轴的外圆周沿限定一圆形的路径行进；和
(f)在步骤(b)期间使所述喷嘴沿所述路径移动。
9.如权利要求6所述的方法，还包括步骤：
(d)使所述心轴沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转；
(e)沿与所述第一方向同样的方向沿旋转路径运送所述心轴，所述旋转路径绕与所述心轴轴线相隔开的第二轴线，使得由所述心轴的外表面所行进的路径是圆形；
(f)沿环形路径移动所述喷嘴，所述环形路径包括位于所述圆形路径的外侧的主要段和沿所述圆形路径圆行进的次要段；和
(g)使所述喷嘴将所述介质分配到所述间隙中，同时所述喷嘴沿所述次要段移动。
10.一种用于给具有主体部的容器贴标签的装置，包括：
(a)具有一个或多个凹部的塔架，所述塔架能绕轴线旋转；
(b)定位在一个或多个所述凹部中的圆柱形心轴，每个所述心轴在所述凹部中能够绕其自身轴线旋转，当所述心轴在所述塔架上绕所述塔架轴线旋转时，每个所述心轴的最外部分所行进的路径限定一圆形的一段；
(c)分配器，所述分配器用于在所述心轴绕其自身轴线旋转且绕所述塔架轴线旋转时，将一定长度的具有引导端和结尾端的标签材料供应到每个所述心轴，通过所述长度绕所述心轴缠绕后所述引导端接触所述心轴，所述接尾端和所述长度的邻近所述结尾端的部分与所述长度的邻近所述引导端的部分相重叠，并与其协作，以紧接地在所述结尾端与所述长度的邻近所述引导端的部分相接触之前限定一间隙；
(d)用于将介质分配到所述间隙中的喷嘴，使得所述网的邻近所述结尾端的部分与所述网的邻近所述引导端的部分形成密封；和
(e)凸轮，所述凸轮引导所述喷嘴沿所述间隙行进的路径运动，并且引导到将所述介质分配到所述间隙中的位置。
11.如权利要求10所述的装置，还包括运送所述喷嘴经过环形路径的旋转式支撑机构，所述支撑机构沿圆形路径穿过所述环形路径的主要段运送所述喷嘴，当所述心轴绕所述塔架轴线旋转时，所述圆形路径位于所述心轴的最外部分行进的路径的外侧，并且所述支撑机构与所述凸轮协作，以沿所述间隙行进的路径经过所述环形路径的次要段运送所述喷嘴。
12.一种用于准备用于粘附到物品上的标签的装置，包括：
(a)具有一个或多个凹部的塔架，所述塔架能绕轴线旋转；
(b)定位在一个或多个所述凹部中的圆柱形心轴，每个所述心轴具有外表面，且在所述凹部中能够绕其自身轴线旋转，当所述心轴在所述塔架上绕所述塔架轴线旋转时，每个所述心轴的外表面所行进的路径限定一圆形的至少一部分；
(c)分配器，所述分配器用于在所述心轴绕其自身轴线旋转且绕所述塔架旋转时，将一定长度的具有引导端部分和结尾端部分的标签材料供应到每个所述心轴，所述引导端部分接触所述心轴外表面，绕所述心轴缠绕的所述长度沿所述心轴外表面行进，所述结尾端部分重叠所述引导端部分并与其协作，以紧接地在所述结尾端部分接触所述引导端部分之前限定间隙；
(d)用于将介质分配到所述间隙中的喷嘴，使得所述结尾端部分形成与所述引导端部分的密封；和
(e)凸轮，所述凸轮引导所述喷嘴沿所述间隙行进的路径运动，并且引导到将所述介质分配到所述间隙中的位置。
13.如权利要求12所述的装置，还包括运送所述喷嘴经过环形路径的旋转式支撑机构，所述支撑机构沿圆形路径穿过所述环形路径的主要段运送所述喷嘴，当所述心轴绕所述塔架轴线旋转时，所述环形路径位于所述心轴的外表面行进的圆形路径的外侧，并且所述支撑机构与所述凸轮协作，以沿所述间隙行进的路径经过所述环形路径的次要段运送所述喷嘴。
14.一种用于形成具有上部和向内逐渐变细到具有主体部的更小部分的杯子的方法，所述主体部包括上端和下端，所述上端具有比所述下端更大的横截面尺寸，所述方法包括步骤：
(a)绕旋转的圆柱形心轴缠绕一定长度的塑性材料，所述长度的材料具有引导端部分和结尾端部分，所述引导端部分与所述心轴首先接触，一旦完成所述缠绕时所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分重叠，所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分协作，以紧接地在所述完成之前限定与所述引导端部分相隔开的间隙；
(b)将介质放置在所述间隙中，用于导致所述结尾端部分粘附到所述引导端部分；
(c)推动所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分密封配合，以形成圆柱形坯；
(d)将所述圆柱形坯转移到锥形心轴，所述锥形心轴在第一区域具有比第二区域更大的横截面尺寸；和
(e)使所述圆柱形坯收缩成与所述锥形心轴配合。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，还包括步骤：(a)设置用于将所述介质分配到所述间隙中的喷嘴，和(b)分配所述介质，同时沿所述间隙行进的路径移动所述喷嘴。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述介质包括从喷嘴分配的液体或加热的气体，并且所述方法还包括步骤：
(f)使所述圆柱形心轴沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转，并使所述心轴绕第二轴线旋转，使得所述圆柱形心轴的外圆周沿限定一圆形的路径行进；和
(g)在步骤(b)期间使所述喷嘴沿所述路径移动。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中所述圆柱形心轴被安装用于沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转，并被安装用于沿同样的方向绕所述第二轴线旋转，其中所述喷嘴被安装用于沿环形路径沿与所述第一方向相反的方向旋转，所述环形路径包括位于所述圆形的外侧的主要段和沿所述圆形的路径行进的次要段，并且所述方法还包括步骤：使所述喷嘴将所述介质分配到所述间隙中，同时所述喷嘴沿所述次要段移动。
18.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中所述心轴具有邻近所述第二区域的端部，并且在步骤(d)之后，所述圆柱形坯轴向延伸超过所述端部，且在步骤(e)之前还包括将塑性盘定位在所述端部上的步骤，所述收缩步骤导致所述轴向延伸部分向内径向收缩，且径向推动所述收缩部与所述塑性盘密封配合。
19.一种用于形成物品的方法，所述物品具有沿轴线延伸的主体部，所述主体部在第一轴向区域具有比第二轴向区域更大的横截面尺寸，所述方法包括步骤：
(a)绕圆柱形心轴缠绕一定长度的可收缩材料，所述心轴具有绕纵向轴延伸的圆柱形外表面，所述材料具有引导端部分和结尾端部分，所述引导端首先接触所述心轴；
(b)将所述结尾端密封到所述引导端部分，以形成圆柱形坯；
(c)使所述圆柱形坯滑离所述圆柱形心轴；
(d)绕非圆柱形构件定位所述圆柱形坯；和
(e)使所述可收缩材料收缩成与所述非圆柱形构件配合。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法，还包括步骤：
(f)绕所述圆柱形心轴的外表面缠绕一定长度的所述可收缩材料，使得一旦完成所述缠绕，所述结尾端部分重叠所述引导端部分，所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分协作，以紧接地在所完成之前限定与所述引导端部分相隔开的间隙；
(g)将介质定位在所述间隙中，用于导致所述引导端部分粘结到所述引导端部分；和
(h)推动所述结尾端部分与所述引导端部分密封配合，以形成圆柱形坯。
21.如权利要求20所述的方法，还包括步骤：
(i)使所述圆柱形心轴沿第一方向绕其自身轴线旋转；
(j)沿与所述第一方向相同的方向沿旋转路径运送所述圆柱形心轴，所述旋转路径绕与所述圆柱形心轴轴线相隔开的第二轴线，使得所述圆柱形心轴的外表面行进的路径是圆形的；
(k)沿环形路径移动所述喷嘴，所述环形路径包括位于所述圆形路径外的主要段和沿所述圆形路径圆行进的次要段；和
(1)使所述喷嘴将所述介质分配到所述间隙中，同时所述喷嘴沿所述次要段移动。
22.如权利要求19所述的方法，还包括步骤：
(f)将接受器定位在所述心轴内，所述接受器具有朝外面向的密封表面，所述密封表面沿与所述轴向轴线平行的路径延伸；
(g)加热所述接受器；
(h)使所述缠绕与所述心轴的旋转配合，使得当所述结尾端部分重叠所述引导端部分时，所述接受器位于所述引导端部分和所述结尾端部分下方；和
(i)推动所述结尾端部分抵靠所述引导端部分，以推动所述引导端部分抵靠所述接收器密封表面以执行步骤(b)。
23.如权利要求22所述的方法，还包括步骤：
(j)使所述接受器的密封表面从所述心轴的圆柱形外表面凹下，和
(k)保持所述第一端部分处于与所述接受器密封表面间隔开的关系，直到所述第一端部分被所述第二端部分接触。
24.如权利要求23所述的方法，还包括步骤：
(1)在所述心轴内设置邻近所述接受器的真空孔；和
(m)将真空施加到所述孔，以保持所述引导端部分抵靠所述外表面。
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CN104743175B (zh) * 2009-11-09 2017-10-27 克朗斯股份公司 为已填充的容器贴标签的装置和方法
CN114144152A (zh) * 2019-05-15 2022-03-04 科技中心公司 胶囊密封系统以及其方法

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RU2008134129A (ru) 2010-02-27
US20110146914A1 (en) 2011-06-23
CN101370712B (zh) 2012-12-05
JP2009526711A (ja) 2009-07-23
KR20080090519A (ko) 2008-10-08
US20070169874A1 (en) 2007-07-26
AU2007208448B2 (en) 2012-10-25
US8408268B2 (en) 2013-04-02
RU2426677C2 (ru) 2011-08-20
WO2007087174A3 (en) 2007-11-22
CA2637926C (en) 2014-08-12
CA2637926A1 (en) 2007-08-02
EP1973783A4 (en) 2011-06-08
WO2007087174A2 (en) 2007-08-02
US7875143B2 (en) 2011-01-25
EP1973783A2 (en) 2008-10-01

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