CN101400394A - 具有传动部件的注射装置 - Google Patents

具有传动部件的注射装置 Download PDF

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CN101400394A
CN101400394A CNA2007800084804A CN200780008480A CN101400394A CN 101400394 A CN101400394 A CN 101400394A CN A2007800084804 A CNA2007800084804 A CN A2007800084804A CN 200780008480 A CN200780008480 A CN 200780008480A CN 101400394 A CN101400394 A CN 101400394A
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injection device
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piston rod
rotating shaft
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C·S·莫勒
B·P·S·佩德森
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Novo Nordisk AS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
    • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
    • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
    • A61M5/3155—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31576—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods
    • A61M5/31578—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod
    • A61M5/3158—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on axial translation, i.e. components directly operatively associated and axially moved with plunger rod performed by axially moving actuator operated by user, e.g. an injection button
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31576—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods
    • A61M5/31583—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on rotational translation, i.e. movement of piston rod is caused by relative rotation between the user activated actuator and the piston rod
    • A61M5/31585—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on rotational translation, i.e. movement of piston rod is caused by relative rotation between the user activated actuator and the piston rod performed by axially moving actuator, e.g. an injection button
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31511—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod
    • A61M2005/3152—Piston or piston-rod constructions, e.g. connection of piston with piston-rod including gearings to multiply or attenuate the piston displacing force
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
    • A61M5/31535—Means improving security or handling thereof, e.g. blocking means, means preventing insufficient dosing, means allowing correction of overset dose
    • A61M5/31536—Blocking means to immobilize a selected dose, e.g. to administer equal doses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
    • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
    • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
    • A61M5/31556—Accuracy improving means
    • A61M5/31558—Accuracy improving means using scaling up or down transmissions, e.g. gearbox
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31566—Means improving security or handling thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31566—Means improving security or handling thereof
    • A61M5/31568—Means keeping track of the total dose administered, e.g. since the cartridge was inserted
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/31566—Means improving security or handling thereof
    • A61M5/31573—Accuracy improving means
    • A61M5/31575—Accuracy improving means using scaling up or down transmissions, e.g. gearbox

Abstract

一种注射装置，具有提供注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比的传动部件。该注射装置包括剂量设定部件，可操作的用于通过相对于壳体绕旋转轴旋转剂量设定部件来设定剂量。在设定剂量期间，传动部件被禁止和剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转。根据本发明的一个方面，传动部件包括具有不平行于，例如基本垂直于，剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴的至少一个齿轮。根据本发明的另一个方面，传动部件包括设有具有第一螺距的螺纹部分的驱动轴，而活塞杆设有具有第二螺距的螺纹部分。传动通过螺纹部分提供。

Description

具有传动部件的注射装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于向人体内注入药物的注射装置，该注射装置是一种通过剂量设定部件的旋转将剂量设定部件可操作的用于设定所需剂量的类型。更特别地，本发明涉及一种上述类型的注射装置，具有传动部件以提供注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比。本发明的注射装置特别适用于通过自行注射药物方式进行的治疗，例如用于糖尿病人的生长激素或胰岛素。
背景技术
通过剂量设定部件的旋转将剂量设定部件可操作的用于设定所需剂量这种类型的注射装置在现有技术中是公知的。这种注射装置的一个例子是一种细长的装置，由于它和笔的相似性，因此也被称为注射笔。
为了降低用户要使设定剂量从注射装置中被挤出所需施加的压力，希望在注射装置中设置一种传动部件以允许注射按钮具有比活塞更大的行程。
US2004/0059299中公开了一种具有这样的齿轮箱形式的传动部件的注射装置。齿轮箱以允许齿轮箱在壳体内旋转但不许相对于壳体轴向移动的方式被固定在注射装置的壳体内。这样，在剂量设定期间，齿轮箱随剂量旋钮一起旋转。为了允许齿轮箱的这种旋转，尽管齿轮箱在任意指定时刻都只会占据容纳空间的相对较小的一部分，但是仍需要在壳体内容纳有相对较大的空间。因此注射装置就变得相对较大。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目标是提供一种如上所述具有传动部件的注射装置，该注射装置与现有技术中的注射装置相比更为扁平。
本发明进一步的目标是提供一种如上所述具有传动部件的注射装置，其中注射装置壳体内的可用空间被利用到可能的最大可用程度。
本发明再进一步的目标是提供一种如上所述具有传动部件的注射装置，该注射装置上设有附加的电子元件而不会明显地增加注射装置的总体尺寸。
本发明再进一步的目标是提供一种具有相对扁平外形的注射装置。
根据本发明的第一个方面，上述和其他的目标通过提供一种注射装置而实现，该注射装置包括：
-壳体，
-剂量设定部件，可操作的用于通过相对于壳体绕旋转轴旋转所述剂量设定部件来设定剂量，
-活塞杆，适用于从注射装置注射设定剂量，
-注射按钮，适用于进行轴向动作并可操作的用于和活塞杆配合以在操作注射按钮时通过活塞杆注射设定剂量这样的方式来注射设定剂量，
-包括至少一个齿轮的传动部件，传动部件提供注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比，
其中传动部件在设定剂量期间被禁止和剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转，且其中至少一个齿轮具有不平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴。
在本文中的术语“壳体”应该被理解为表示一个包围注射装置的至少一些其他部件的基本封闭的部件。
剂量设定部件是注射装置的一部分，可操作的用于设定所需剂量。在设定剂量期间，剂量设定部件被绕旋转轴旋转。旋转轴优选地至少基本沿注射装置的纵向轴设置。剂量设定部件优选地是或者包括一个可旋转的剂量旋钮。剂量设定部件优选地构成剂量设定机构的部件，剂量设定机构包括为了设定所需剂量而需要的更多部件，例如剂量杆。
活塞杆适用于从注射装置注射设定剂量。这样做时，活塞杆与位于注射装置内的药芯的活塞相配合。活塞杆和活塞优选地互相接触，因此活塞杆的轴向动作就导致药芯内活塞的同样的轴向动作。
注射按钮被使用者以这样的方式操作：在使用者沿轴向方向按下注射按钮时，活塞杆也随之被轴向移动，从而注射设定剂量。
传动部件提供了注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比。因此为了充分地轴向移动活塞杆，注射设定剂量所需要的由使用者向注射按钮施加的力得以减小。传动比可以是2:1，3:1或者任意其他合适的比值。
在设定剂量时，剂量设定部件因此绕旋转轴旋转，传动部件被禁止随剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转。这是非常有利的，因为壳体内用于容纳传动部件的空间与传动部件随剂量设定部件一起旋转的注射装置相比能够因此而明显减小。这样，该空间可以被用于其他目的，例如用于容纳另外的电子元件，包括显示屏和/或电池，或者可以减小注射装置的总体尺寸。还有可能将传动部件设置在注射装置截面的特定部分内，从而提供设计具有相对扁平截面的注射装置的可能性。
应该注意传动部件或者部分传动部件仍然可以被允许进行旋转动作，只要这种附加旋转动作不绕剂量设定部件的旋转轴进行即可。例如，根据本发明的第一个方面，传动部件包括适用于绕单独的旋转轴进行旋转动作的一个或多个齿轮。
至少一个齿轮具有不平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴。
注射装置可以进一步包括至少基本旋转锁定至剂量设定部件的剂量杆，而传动部件可以以剂量杆和传动部件可以进行相对旋转动作的方式被至少基本轴向固定至剂量杆。由于剂量杆至少基本锁定至剂量设定部件，因此在剂量设定期间剂量杆将随剂量设定部件一起旋转。剂量杆优选地以其至少基本与剂量设定部件的旋转轴相一致的方式被设置。在此情况下，剂量杆将在剂量设定期间绕其自身的纵向轴旋转。由于剂量杆和传动部件可以进行相对的旋转动作，因此剂量杆被允许进行该旋转动作而无需传动部件随之旋转。但是，传动部件被至少基本轴向固定至剂量杆，也就是说，传动部件和剂量杆不能被沿轴向方向彼此相对移动。这可以通过例如将传动部件设置在滑道内，滑道上设有一对孔，通过这对孔设置剂量杆而实现。这种结构非常简单并形成一种非常扁平的注射装置。这是十分有利的。
传动部件包括至少一个齿轮。至少一个齿轮可以具有至少基本垂直于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴。用这种方式设置齿轮提供了使注射装置相对扁平的可能性，从而使得提供具有显示装置的注射装置更为容易，例如用于显示设定剂量，药芯内剩余的药物残留量，药芯内的药物种类(例如快速作用胰岛素，慢速作用胰岛素或预混胰岛素)，糖尿病治疗的相关日志等。
注射装置可以进一步包括冠型齿轮，冠型齿轮以使其在操作剂量设定部件时进行旋转动作的方式被有效连接至剂量设定部件，所述的旋转动作绕不平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴进行。在本实施例中冠型齿轮优选地通过适用于在剂量设定期间随剂量设定部件一起绕剂量设定部件的旋转轴旋转的挤压成型齿轮被连接至剂量设定部件。挤压成型齿轮啮合冠型齿轮并因此使其绕不平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴旋转。冠型齿轮的旋转轴可以有利地被设置为至少基本垂直于剂量设定部件的旋转轴。冠型齿轮可以进一步以这样的方式被有效连接至一个齿轮：在冠型齿轮旋转时，该齿轮沿活塞杆轴向移动，在所需剂量被设定完成且注射按钮被随后按下时，该齿轮沿轴向移动活塞杆，从而从注射装置注射设定剂量。
根据本发明的第二个方面，上述和其他的目标通过提供一种注射装置而实现，该注射装置包括：
-壳体，
-剂量设定部件，可操作的用于通过相对于壳体绕旋转轴旋转所述剂量设定部件来设定剂量，
-活塞杆，适用于从注射装置注射设定剂量，
-注射按钮，适用于进行轴向动作并可操作的用于和活塞杆配合以在操作注射按钮时通过活塞杆注射设定剂量这样的方式来注射设定剂量，
-提供注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比的传动部件，所述传动部件包括有效连接至注射按钮和活塞杆的驱动轴，驱动轴设有具有第一螺距的螺纹部分而活塞杆设有具有第二螺距的螺纹部分，其中传动通过螺纹部分提供，传动比对应于第一和第二螺距之间的比值，
其中传动部件在设定剂量期间被禁止和剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转。
应该注意本领域普通技术人员可以很容易地认识到上述与本发明第一个方面相结合的任意特征也可以与本发明的第二个方面相结合，反之亦然。
因此，根据第二个方面，注射装置包括有效连接至注射按钮和活塞杆的驱动轴。驱动轴设有具有第一螺距的螺纹部分而活塞杆设有具有第二螺距的螺纹部分，且传动通过螺纹部分提供，传动比对应于第一和第二螺距之间的比值。因此，驱动轴构成传动部件的一部分。
根据本发明的第二个方面，传动部件在设定剂量期间也被禁止和剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转。这已经在上述参照本发明第一个方面的内容中进行了详细介绍。特别地，根据本发明的第二个方面，驱动轴在剂量设定期间被禁止和剂量设定部件一起旋转。因此，壳体内用于容纳传动部件的空间可以如上所述被明显减小。
在某些现有技术中，注射装置包括驱动轴，驱动轴被设置为与活塞杆同轴。因此注射装置的横截面积变得相对较大，且横截面通常至少基本为圆形。可选地，驱动轴和活塞杆可以被平行设置，在此情况下驱动轴必须绕剂量设定部件的旋转轴旋转，从而限定出一个半径由驱动轴和活塞杆之间的距离所界定的圆。根据本发明的第二个方面，驱动轴可以限定被设置为至少基本平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的纵向轴，并且其可以绕自身的轴旋转。因此有可能允许注射装置相对扁平，从而实现上述的优点。
附图说明
现在将参照附图对本发明进行进一步的介绍，在附图中：
图1-5示出了根据本发明第一实施例的注射装置，
图6-10示出了根据本发明第二实施例的注射装置，和
图11-15示出了根据本发明第三实施例的注射装置。
具体实施方式
图1-5示出了根据本发明第一实施例的注射装置。图1是注射装置1的透视图。注射装置1包括壳体2，包含待注射药物的药芯3，剂量设定部件4和注射按钮5。为了允许对药芯3中的药物进行皮下注射，在药芯3的远端6可以连接针头。
现在参照图2-5介绍图1中所示的注射装置1的操作。
图2示出了注射装置1的选定部件，这些选定部件对于介绍注射装置1的操作来说是关键部件。另外的部件，例如壳体，对于介绍注射装置1的操作来说不是关键部件，为了清楚起见均被省略。
图2中的注射装置1包括连接至剂量杆7和挤压成型齿轮8的剂量设定部件4。剂量设定部件4，剂量杆7和挤压成型齿轮8在剂量设定期间绕公共轴进行旋转动作。旋转轴由剂量杆7限定。
挤压成型齿轮8啮合冠型齿轮9。这样，当挤压成型齿轮8在剂量设定期间旋转时，冠型齿轮9也随之旋转。但是，冠型齿轮绕被设置为基本垂直于剂量设定部件4的旋转轴的旋转轴旋转。冠型齿轮以使第一齿轮26在剂量设定期间随冠型齿轮同轴旋转这样的方式被有效连接至第一齿轮26。通过将第一齿轮26上的一组齿啮合活塞杆10上的轨道11，第一齿轮26被进一步连接至活塞杆10。因此，当冠型齿轮9和第一齿轮26在剂量设定期间被旋转时，传动部件包括冠型齿轮9，第一齿轮26和位于冠型齿轮9和第一齿轮26之间的第二齿轮12，且第一齿轮26由于第一齿轮26和活塞杆10之间的连接而被相对于活塞杆10轴向移动。第二齿轮12设有一组齿13，齿13和相对于壳体(未示出)基本固定的第一齿条14上的轨道啮合，并和相对于壳体可移动但固定至注射按钮5的第二齿条15上的轨道啮合。结果，注射按钮5在传动部件轴向移动时轴向沿近端方向也就是远离壳体的方向移动。随着第二齿轮12的轴向移动，第二齿轮12和第一齿条14的啮合点处的圆周速度将大致为0，而第二齿轮12和第二齿条15的啮合点处的圆周速度将大致为第二齿轮12的轴向速度的两倍。
在图2中，注射装置1处于准备进行剂量设定的位置。因此，注射按钮5处于尽可能靠近壳体的位置。而且，活塞杆10相对靠近传动部件，表明一个完整的药芯最近刚被插入注射装置1内。
图3示出了图1和图2中的注射装置处于已经设定好所需剂量但尚未注射的位置。因此对比图3和图2可以明显看出注射按钮5已经被向外移动而传动部件已经被相对于第一齿条14并因此相对于壳体和相对于活塞杆10轴向移动。在要注射设定剂量时，使用者向远端方向也就是向壳体推进注射按钮5。由于第二齿条15的轨道和第二齿轮12的齿13之间的啮合，传动部件也会向远端方向移动。但是，由于第二齿轮12的齿13和第一齿条14的轨道之间的啮合，第二齿轮12在该轴向动作期间被驱使旋转。因此，传动部件所移动的距离将短于注射按钮5所移动的距离，从而提供一种传动。由于第一齿轮(不可见)和活塞杆10上的轨道11之间的啮合，以及由于第一齿轮在注射期间被禁止旋转的事实，活塞杆10被驱使和传动部件一起移动，从而使设定剂量被从药芯中挤出。
图4示出了图1-3中的注射按钮1处于设定剂量刚刚被注射完毕的位置。因此，在图4中注射按钮5和传动部件处于与图2中相同的位置。但是，活塞杆10与图2中活塞杆10的位置相比已经向远端方向被轴向移动，因此表明已经从药芯中注射了一定剂量。
图5是图1-4中的注射装置1的分解图。为了清楚起见，在图5中只示出了图2-4中所示的部件，其他的部件已被省略。
由于第一齿轮26和第二齿轮12在剂量设定期间不随剂量设定部件4一起旋转，因此注射装置1与现有技术中具有传动部件的注射装置相比更为紧凑。
图6-10示出了根据本发明第二实施例的注射装置。图6是注射装置1的透视图。注射装置1包括壳体2，包含待注射药物的药芯3，剂量设定部件4和注射按钮5。为了允许对药芯3中的药物进行皮下注射，在药芯3的远端6可以连接针头。
现在参照图7-10介绍图6中所示的注射装置1的操作。
图7示出了注射装置1的选定部件，这些选定部件对于介绍注射装置1的操作来说是关键部件。另外的部件，例如壳体，对于介绍注射装置1的操作来说不是关键部件，为了清楚起见均被省略。
图7中的注射装置1包括通过键连接和凹槽连接而连接至剂量杆7的剂量设定部件4。与剂量杆7平行设置，并通过剂量杆7有效连接至剂量设定部件4的是具有外螺纹17的连杆16。轴螺母18具有适用于和连杆16的外螺纹相配合的内螺纹(未示出)。轴螺母18通过第三齿轮19啮合挤压成型齿轮8。轴螺母18和第三齿轮19构成同一部件的一部分，并因此被彼此固定在一起。相对于壳体(未示出)轴向锁定的第四齿轮20也被连接至连杆16。第四齿轮20啮合连接至活塞杆10的驱动螺母21。
在设定剂量时剂量设定部件4被旋转，从而旋转剂量杆7和挤压成型齿轮8。由于挤压成型齿轮8和第三齿轮19之间的啮合，轴螺母18也被驱使旋转。由于轴螺母18和连杆16的配合螺纹，轴螺母18沿连杆16向近端方向轴向移动。轴螺母18通过连接块(不可见)以使轴螺母18的轴向动作造成注射按钮5对应的轴向动作这样的方式被连接至注射按钮5。轴螺母18通过连接块(不可见)被轴向锁定至注射按钮5。因此，注射按钮5离开壳体移动。
在图7中，所示注射装置1处于准备进行所需剂量设定的位置。因此，注射按钮5处于尽可能靠近壳体的位置。
图8示出了图6和图7中的注射装置1处于已经设定好所需剂量但尚未注射的位置。因此，轴螺母(不可见)已经沿连杆16移动了一段距离，而注射按钮5已离开壳体移动。
在要注射设定剂量时，使用者向远端方向也就是向壳体推进注射按钮5。因此轴螺母(不可见)也被向远端方向推进。现在轴螺母以下述方式克服旋转而被锁定。在推进注射按钮5时，设置在注射按钮5内部的一个部件的一组齿被移动来与剂量杆7上设置的一组配合齿相啮合。这就旋转地锁定了剂量杆7，并因此锁定了挤压成型齿轮8。由于第三齿轮19与挤压成型齿轮8啮合，以及由于第三齿轮19如上所述被连接至轴螺母，因此轴螺母也被旋转地锁定。因此，轴螺母和连杆16的配合螺纹迫使连杆16旋转。由于第四齿轮20和驱动螺母21之间的啮合，所以驱动螺母21也被驱使旋转。驱动螺母21通过驱动螺母21上的内螺纹和活塞杆10上的外螺纹被连接至活塞杆10。活塞杆10利用锁定部件26克服旋转而被锁定，因此驱动螺母21的旋转迫使活塞杆10向远端方向轴向移动，从而使设定剂量从药芯中被挤出。连杆16上的螺纹17的螺距大于活塞杆10上螺纹的螺距。因此提供了注射按钮5的轴向动作和活塞杆10的轴向动作之间的传动。
图9示出了图6-8中的注射装置1处于设定剂量刚刚被注射完毕的位置。此时，注射按钮5和轴螺母18按照与图7中相同的方式定位。但是，活塞杆10已经向远端方向移动，表明已经注射了一定剂量。
图10是图6-9中的注射装置1的分解图。为了清楚起见，在图10中只示出了图7-9中所示的部件，其他的部件已被省略。
由于连杆16被设置为平行于剂量杆7，以及由于连杆16在剂量设定期间不随剂量设定部件4一起旋转，因此注射装置1的总体尺寸与现有技术中具有传动部件的注射装置的尺寸相比能够被减小。
图11-15示出了根据本发明第三实施例的注射装置。图11是注射装置1的透视图。注射装置1包括壳体2，包含待注射药物的药芯3，剂量设定部件4和注射按钮5。为了允许对药芯3中的药物进行皮下注射，在药芯3的远端6可以连接针头。
现在参照图12-15介绍图11中所示的注射装置1的操作。
图12示出了注射装置1的选定部件，这些选定部件对于介绍注射装置1的操作来说是关键部件。另外的部件，例如壳体，对于介绍注射装置1的操作来说不是关键部件，为了清楚起见均被省略。
图12中的注射装置1包括通过键连接和凹槽连接而连接至剂量杆7的剂量设定部件4。剂量杆7具有与活塞杆10的内螺纹相配合的外螺纹。第五齿轮22通过滑杆23被连接至剂量杆7。第五齿轮22设有与相对于壳体基本被固定的第一齿条14上的轨道和与相对于壳体可移动但相对于注射按钮5被固定的第一齿条15上的轨道相啮合的一组齿24。
在设定剂量时，剂量设定部件4被旋转，从而剂量杆7也被旋转。由于剂量杆7和活塞杆10的螺纹配合，因此剂量杆7沿活塞杆10移动。从而使注射按钮5以下述方式向近端方向移动。第五齿轮22的中心通过滑杆23被连接至并轴向锁定至剂量杆7。第五齿轮22在与第一齿条的啮合点处的圆周速度大致为0，而第五齿轮22在与第二齿条15的啮合点处的圆周速度大致为第五齿轮22的轴向速度的两倍。因此注射按钮5被移动的距离大致为第五齿轮22行程距离的两倍。
在图12中，所示注射装置1处于准备进行所需剂量设定的位置。因此，注射按钮5处于尽可能靠近壳体的位置。
图13示出了图11和图12中的注射装置1处于已经设定好所需剂量但尚未注射的位置。因此，注射按钮5已离开壳体移动。
在要注射设定剂量时，使用者向远端方向推进注射按钮5。由于第二齿条15上的轨道和第五齿轮22的齿24之间的啮合，这使得第五齿轮22旋转并轴向移动。第五齿轮22的中心如上所述被连接至剂量杆7，因为移动注射按钮5使剂量设定部件4由于配合齿之间的啮合被锁定至壳体2，所以剂量杆7被禁止在注射设定剂量期间旋转。第五齿轮22的轴向移动使剂量杆7轴向移动。剂量杆7的轴向移动使活塞杆10向远端方向轴向移动，从而使设定剂量从药芯中被挤出。
图14示出了图11-13中的注射装置1处于设定剂量刚刚被注射完毕的位置。因此，第五齿轮22和注射按钮5的位置与其在图12中的位置相同。但是，活塞杆10已经被向远端方向移动，表明已经从药芯中注射了一定剂量。
图15是图11-14中的注射装置1的分解图。为了清楚起见，在图15中只示出了图11-14中所示的部件，其他的部件已被省略。在图15中剂量杆7的外螺纹25是可见的。
由于第五齿轮22在剂量设定期间不随剂量设定部件4一起旋转，因此有可能减小注射装置1与现有技术中具有传动部件的注射装置相比的总体尺寸。注射装置1可以例如被制作地更加扁平，或者可以在注射装置1中安装附加的电子元件，包括显示屏，电池，等等，而不会增加外型尺寸。

Claims (6)

1、一种注射装置，包括：
- 壳体，
- 剂量设定部件，可操作的用于通过相对于壳体绕旋转轴旋转所述剂量设定部件来设定剂量，
- 活塞杆，适用于从注射装置注射设定剂量，
- 注射按钮，适用于进行轴向动作并可操作的用于和活塞杆配合以在操作注射按钮时通过活塞杆注射设定剂量这样的方式来注射设定剂量，
- 包括至少一个齿轮的传动部件，传动部件提供注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比，
其中传动部件在设定剂量期间被禁止和剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转，且其中至少一个齿轮具有不平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴。
2、如权利要求1所述的注射装置，进一步包括至少基本旋转锁定至剂量设定部件的剂量杆，其中传动部件以剂量杆和传动部件可以进行相对旋转动作的方式被至少基本轴向固定至剂量杆。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的注射装置，其中至少一个齿轮具有至少基本垂直于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴。
4、如权利要求3所述的注射装置，进一步包括冠型齿轮，冠型齿轮以使冠型齿轮在剂量设定部件被操作时进行旋转动作的方式被有效连接至剂量设定部件，所述旋转动作绕不平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的旋转轴进行。
5、一种注射装置，包括：
- 壳体，
- 剂量设定部件，可操作的用于通过相对于壳体绕旋转轴旋转所述剂量设定部件来设定剂量，
- 活塞杆，适用于从注射装置注射设定剂量，
- 注射按钮，适用于进行轴向动作并可操作的用于和活塞杆配合以在操作注射按钮时通过活塞杆注射设定剂量这样的方式来注射设定剂量，
- 提供注射按钮的轴向动作和活塞杆的轴向动作之间的传动比的传动部件，所述传动部件包括有效连接至注射按钮和活塞杆的驱动轴，驱动轴设有具有第一螺距的螺纹部分而活塞杆设有具有第二螺距的螺纹部分，其中传动通过螺纹部分提供，传动比对应于第一和第二螺距之间的比值，
其中传动部件在设定剂量期间被禁止和剂量设定部件一起绕旋转轴旋转。
6、如权利要求5所述的注射装置，其中驱动轴限定了被设置为至少基本平行于剂量设定部件旋转轴的纵向轴。
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CN102946931A (zh) * 2010-04-26 2013-02-27 Shl集团有限责任公司 药物供给装置
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US8361036B2 (en) 2013-01-29
EP1996260B1 (en) 2015-09-23
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EP1996260A2 (en) 2008-12-03

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