CN101578452A - 铆接装置 - Google Patents

铆接装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101578452A
CN101578452A CNA2008800018262A CN200880001826A CN101578452A CN 101578452 A CN101578452 A CN 101578452A CN A2008800018262 A CNA2008800018262 A CN A2008800018262A CN 200880001826 A CN200880001826 A CN 200880001826A CN 101578452 A CN101578452 A CN 101578452A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
forming tool
rivet
guide member
mentioned
connecting tube
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CNA2008800018262A
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English (en)
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CN101578452B (zh
Inventor
金择铉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Construction of ITT
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Gunyang Trunet Co Ltd
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Publication of CN101578452A publication Critical patent/CN101578452A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101578452B publication Critical patent/CN101578452B/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/12—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by fluid pressure, including by explosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/26—Hot fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/601—Riveting or staking using extra riveting elements, i.e. the rivets being non-integral with the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/601—Riveting or staking using extra riveting elements, i.e. the rivets being non-integral with the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/602—Riveting or staking using extra riveting elements, i.e. the rivets being non-integral with the parts to be joined using hollow rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/348—Avoiding melting or weakening of the zone directly next to the joint area, e.g. by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B29C66/3494—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot while keeping the welding zone under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B29C66/81812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws the welding jaws being cooled from the outside, e.g. by blowing a gas or spraying a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种铆接装置，该铆接装置包括：热空气管；连接管，该连接管与上述热空气管结合；成形工具，该成形工具的边缘部位与中央部位朝下突出，而该边缘部位与中央部位之间的部分则朝上凹陷，并且在该成形工具内限定有沿着轴向与径向方向延伸的排放孔，该成形工具结合在上述连接管的下端以通过排放孔将流经上述连接管的热空气排出，从而对铆钉的端部加热并将该铆钉的端部成形为头状；移动单元，该移动单元与上述热空气管或连接管结合并驱使上述成形工具上下移动；以及导引件，该导引件包围上述成形工具而使得从排放孔排放出来的热空气流向所述铆钉的端部。

Description

铆接装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铆接装置，本发明通过沿着轴向与径向方向穿过成形工具的排放孔排放热空气而使铆钉的顶端融化，然后驱使成形工具下降而对铆钉顶端施加压力并使其成形为头状，再将冷却用空气供应到成形工具与连接在该成形工具上侧的连接管以降低该成形工具的温度，从而使得成形为头状并与该成形工具接触的铆钉的顶端冷却。
背景技术
如同汽车内部装饰材料一样，当使用多个塑料板件以层积方式结合时，通常会在板件的边缘加工出贯通孔后，在上述贯通孔上插入一端成形为头状的铆钉，然后再将上述铆钉的另一端成形为头状。
由于上述汽车内部装饰材料的上述铆钉使用合成树脂制作，因此其处理方式和金属材料制成的铆钉不同，需要融化合成树脂后利用成形工具施加压力而使铆钉的一端成形为头状，然后再冷却铆钉。
为了实现上述铆接作业，人们已开发了图1所示的现有的铆接装置。在现有的铆接装置中，内置有电热线的加热器12结合在能够将铆钉1的一端加工成头状的成形工具14的上侧，供应电源后，上述加热器12会加热成形工具14而提高成形工具14的温度。
上述装置会对成形工具14加热，然后驱使加热后的成形工具14下降并同时对铆钉1的一端进行加热并进行成形作业。
现有装置的结构可以利用成形工具14融化铆钉1的一端，由于其结构简单而能够降低其制作成本，但由于同时进行加热与加压，因而需要在铆钉1的端部没有完全融化的情形下施加压力，因此铆钉1的端部无法完美地成形为头状，而且由于上述压力会传达到板件2而使板件2扭曲变形或出现白化现象，从而降低了成品质量。
而且冷却时成形工具的温度下降缓慢而增加了作业时间。
除了前述直接对成形工具加热的方式以外，如图2中的(a)所示，还有一种装置可以为铆钉1的周缘提供热空气，以在融化铆钉1后驱使成形工具24下降并将铆钉1的一端加工成头状。
板件2与铆钉1到达指定位置后，上述装置将如图2中的(b)所示驱使供应热空气的热空气供应单元22下降并包围铆钉1的一端，然后为铆钉1的该端供应热空气，经过了设定时间后，如图2中的(c)所示驱使上述热空气供应单元22上升，结合有成形工具24的冲头则下降而使铆钉1的该端成形为头状，然后供应冷空气而使成形为头状的铆钉1的该端冷却。
按照上述方式使用热空气时，可以在铆钉1的一端充分融化后驱使成形工具24下降并对铆钉1的该端进行成形作业，其铆接质量比图1所示的同时加热成形的方式有所提高。
然而，上述装置需要分别配置可以驱使热空气供应单元22进行升降运动的驱动单元与可以驱使成形工具进行升降运动的驱动单元，因此其结构复杂并导致价格昂贵。而且，上述装置需要先驱使热空气供应单元22下降而加热铆钉1的一端后，再重新驱使热空气供应单元22上升后对铆钉1的该端进行成形作业，因此增加了铆接作业时间。
图3所示的德国KIEFEL公司所开发的铆接装置是另一个现有技术的铆接装置。
如图3所示，上述铆接装置将加热器32结合在成形工具34的上侧，上述加热器32与成形工具34由外罩(housing)包围。当空气供应到由上述外罩所形成的空间内部时，可以使经过上述加热器32加热的空气供应到铆钉1的一端并融化上述铆钉1的该端，然后驱使上述成形工具34下降并且把铆钉1的该端加工成头状。
上述装置不仅结构简单，而且可以使用热空气把铆钉1的一端加工成头状，有效地提高了铆接质量。
然而，该装置中包围成形工具34与加热器32的外罩的尺寸无法超过某一界限，位于外罩内部的加热器受到尺寸限制而限制了可以加热铆钉1一端的热空气量，因此融化铆钉该端时所需要的时间较多。尤其是由于仅对铆钉1一端的外周面供应热空气，因此融化到铆钉1的该端的内侧时需要花费较多时间。而且，由于在冷却铆钉1时需要同时冷却成形工具34与加热器32而增加了冷却时间，在加热铆钉1时需要同时加热成形工具34与加热器32，这不仅在完成铆接作业时需要更多的作业时间，还增加了能量损失。
发明内容
申请人为了解决上述问题而开发了本发明，本发明的目的是提供一种铆接装置，该铆接装置不仅能够提高铆接作业质量和提高能量效率，还能够缩短铆接作业时间并提高生产率。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种铆接装置，该铆接装置结构简单，制作容易，成本低廉。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的铆接装置可以对由合成树脂制成的铆钉的端部加热加压而使该铆钉的端部成形为头状后结合多个板材，本发明包括：热空气管，该热空气管用于供应热空气；连接管，该连接管呈中空管状，并结合在上述热空气管的下端；成形工具，该成形工具的边缘部位与中央部位朝下突出，而在该边缘部位与中央部位之间的部分则朝上凹陷，并且在该成形工具内具有沿着该成形工具的轴向与径向方向延伸的排放孔，该成形工具结合在上述连接管的下侧以通过上述排放孔将流经上述连接管的热空气排出，从而对所述铆钉的端部加热并将该铆钉的端部成形为头状；移动单元，该移动单元与上述热空气管或连接管结合并驱使上述成形工具上下移动；以及导引件，该导引件包围上述成形工具而驱使从成形工具内的沿着径向方向延伸的排放孔排放出来的热空气流向所述铆钉的端部。
在本发明的优选实施例中，上述连接管的外周面具有多个散热片。
在本发明的优选实施例中，上述导引件的下端形成有多个凹槽，通过该多个凹槽能够使加热所述铆钉的端部的热空气排放到外部。
在本发明的优选实施例中，上述导引件连接有用于供应冷空气的冷空气管，以在所述铆钉的端部成形为头状后冷却上述成形工具与连接管。
在本发明的优选实施例中，上述导引件的上侧包围连接管并且以能够沿着上述连接管进行上下移动的方式安装，上述导引件还与弹簧结合而能够在上述成形工具下降时通过上述弹簧的弹性力按压板材。
在本发明的优选实施例中，上述导引件的外周面上结合有一个以上的突出于该导引件下端的隔离件，该隔离件可以阻止导引件的下端直接接触板材的表面。
如前所述，本发明引入热空气并通过成形工具的排放孔对铆钉加热后将铆钉的端部加工成头状，这不仅能够提高铆接作业质量并提高能量效率，还能够缩短冷却、加热时间而提高生产率。
本发明结构简单，制作容易而成本低廉，非常具有经济性。
附图说明
图1是现有铆接装置的成形工具与待铆接板件的剖面图；
图2是另一现有铆接装置的铆接作业剖面图；
图3是另一现有铆接装置的剖面图；
图4是本发明铆接装置优选实施例的剖面图；
图5是本发明铆接装置的导引件的正视图；
图6是利用本发明的铆接装置加热时的剖面图；
图7与图8是铆钉的端部成形为头状时的剖面图。
<主要图形标记的说明>
1：铆钉              2：板件
12：加热器           14：成形工具
22：热空气供应单元   24：成形工具
32：加热器           34：成形工具
100：连接管          110：散热片(cooling fin)
200：热空气管        300：成形工具
310：排放孔          410：液压缸
420：传动板          500：导引件
510：隔离件          520：弹簧
530：冷空气管        540：凹槽
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明铆接装置的优选实施例做进一步说明。
图4是本发明铆接装置的实施例的成形工具及其它部件的剖面图。
如图4所示，本发明的铆接装置主要包括热空气管200、连接管100、成形工具300、移动单元以及导引件500。
首先说明热空气管200。上述热空气管200呈中空管状，可以为热空气提供通路。
上述连接管100也呈中空管状，其结合在上述热空气管200的下端，可以为流经热空气管200的热空气提供通路。
为了提高传热效率，上述连接管100使用铝之类的具有高传热率的金属材料制作。
下面说明成形工具300。上述成形工具300与上述连接管100的下侧末端结合并形成为平盘形状，该成形工具300具有贯穿成形工具300的多个排放孔310，其中，中心孔310贯穿成形工具300中央部位并沿着轴向方向延伸，径向孔310沿着径向方向延伸并连通中心孔310。
上述连接管100所供应的热空气将通过形成于上述成形工具300内并沿着轴向与径向方向延伸的排放孔310排放出去。
如图4所示，上述成形工具300的下边缘与中央部位朝下突出，而该下边缘与中央部位之间的部分则朝上凹陷，该形状可以在铆钉1成形时驱使铆钉1的上端沿着上述成形工具300的凹面朝外张开而成形为头状。
优选地，上述成形工具300为了容易地加热冷却而使用传热率较高的金属材料制作。
下面说明移动单元。上述移动单元结合在上述热空气管200或连接管100上，并且能够在弹簧520的作用下驱使上述成形工具300进行上下运动。如图4所示，本发明实施例的移动单元包括液压缸410以及传动板420，上述传动板420可以把上述液压缸410的上下运动动力传达给上述热空气管200。
使用上述传动板420的理由为，为了一次成形多个铆钉1而在装置内部配置上述多个成形工具300时，可以凭借上述传动板420的移动而驱使上述多个成形工具300同时进行上下移动。
除了使用上述传动板420驱使成形工具300进行升降运动以外，也可以把液压缸410直接连接到热空气管200或成形工具300的连接管100上，也可以使用气压缸或凸轮等代替上述液压缸410。
下面说明导引件500。上述导引件500包围上述成形工具300而使上述成形工具300的排放孔310所排放出来的热空气朝向铆钉1流动。为此，上述导引件500的直径从上到下逐渐变小而使热空气碰撞上述导引件500后流向铆钉1的周缘。
供应冷空气的冷空气管530连接在上述导引件500的一侧，铆钉1成形为头状后可以通过上述冷空气管530供应冷空气并冷却成形工具300。对导引件500供应冷空气而冷却铆钉1时，为了缩短冷却时间并且使成形工具300与连接管100的下端一起急速冷却，在上述连接管100外周面的接近下端之处设置有多个散热片110，而且上述导引件500也包围着上述散热片110。
如图5所示，上述导引件500的下端具有多个凹槽540，加热或冷却上述铆钉1与成形工具300的热空气或冷空气可以通过上述凹槽540排放到外部。这样一来，可以把流过铆钉1或贯穿成形工具300的热空气或冷空气排放到外部，从而使得新供应的热空气或冷空气继续流过铆钉1而使铆钉1快速加热或冷却。
上述导引件500以可以以上下移动的方式结合在上述连接管100上，弹簧520则结合在上述导引件500的上端，上述导引件500可以通过上述弹簧520的下压动作而包围成形工具300。
上述导引件500的下侧结合有多个隔离件510，该多个隔离件510能够防止导引件500的下端在成形工具300下降时直接接触到板件2。
使用隔离件510的理由如下：当导引件500直接接触板件2时，导引件500的高热将使接触到上述导引件500的板件2融化而出现表面缺陷，使用隔离件510可以防止该问题。
上述隔离件510朝下突出于导引件500的下端，并可以在上述成形工具300下降时先接触到板件2，从而阻止导引件500直接接触板件2。此时由于成形工具300在导引件500停止下降的状态下继续下降，因此将压缩上述弹簧520而积蓄弹性力。
上述隔离件510接触到板件2后，可以通过弹簧520的弹性力而按压板件2并使其固定，从而可以在铆钉1成形时防止板件2摇晃。
当成形工具300上升时，上述导引件500可以在上述成形工具300移动预定距离的过程中通过上述弹簧520的弹性力而继续维持静止状态，当上述成形工具300越过预定距离而上述继续上升时，上述导引件500则一起上升。
下面结合附图对本发明铆接装置的实施例的作用与效果做进一步说明。
图6是本发明的优选实施例在加热铆钉1时的剖面图，图7与图8是成形工具300将铆钉1的端部加工成头状时的剖面图。
首先，如图6所示，将成形工具300置于铆钉1的上侧后供应热空气。经过热空气管200与连接管100的热空气通过成形工具300的排放孔310而沿着轴向与径向方向排放。此时沿着轴向方向排放出来的热空气可以加热铆钉1的内周面，沿着径向方向排放出来的热空气则在碰到导引件500而改变流向并加热铆钉1的外周面后流到外部。
对上述铆钉1加热设定时间后，操作上述移动单元驱动上述成形工具300下降。上述成形工具300接触到铆钉1后继续对铆钉1的上侧施加压力，上述铆钉1的上侧将沿着成形工具300下侧面的凹陷部位朝外张开而逐渐如图7与图8所示成形为头状。
导引件500在上述成形工具300下降的过程中跟着下降，并且在隔离件510接触到板件2后停止下降。当成形工具300继续下降时，将使弹簧520受到压缩并积蓄弹性力。
当成形工具300完全下降并且铆钉1的成形完毕后，停止供应热空气，然后通过连接到上述导引件500一侧的冷空气管530供应冷空气。冷空气流过连接管100的散热片110与成形工具300并且冷却连接管100与成形工具300，从而使得与成形工具300接触的铆钉1冷却。
铆钉1冷却完毕后，停止冷空气的供应并驱使成形工具300上升。在成形工具300的上升距离超过设定距离后，导引件500将随着成形工具300一起上升。
成形工具300完全上升后，从装置中取走铆接完毕的板件2，再放入新的板件2重新进行铆接作业。

Claims (6)

1.一种铆接装置，该铆接装置用于对由合成树脂制成的铆钉的端部加热加压，而将该铆钉的端部成形为头状以结合多个板材，该铆接装置包括：
热空气管，该热空气管用于供应热空气；
连接管，该连接管呈中空管状，并结合在所述热空气管的下端；
成形工具，该成形工具的边缘部位与中央部位朝下突出，而该边缘部位与中央部位之间的部分则朝上凹陷，在该成形工具内具有沿着该成形工具的轴向与径向方向延伸的排放孔，该成形工具结合在所述连接管的下侧以通过所述排放孔将流经所述连接管的热空气排出，从而对所述铆钉的端部加热并将该铆钉的端部成形为头状；
移动单元，该移动单元与所述热空气管或连接管结合并驱使所述成形工具上下移动；以及
导引件，该导引件包围所述成形工具，以驱使从所述成形工具内的沿着径向方向延伸的所述排放孔排放出来的热空气流向所述铆钉的端部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铆接装置，其特征在于，
所述连接管的外周面具有多个散热片。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铆接装置，其特征在于，
所述导引件的下端形成有多个凹槽，通过该多个凹槽能够使加热所述铆钉的端部的热空气排放到外部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铆接装置，其特征在于，
所述导引件连接有用于供应冷空气的冷空气管，以在所述铆钉的端部成形为头状后冷却所述成形工具与连接管。
5.根据权利要求1所述的铆接装置，其特征在于，
所述导引件的上侧包围所述连接管，并且以能够沿着该连接管进行上下移动的方式安装，所述导引件还与弹簧结合而能够在该成形工具下降时通过所述弹簧的弹性力按压所述板材。
6.根据权利要求5所述的铆接装置，其特征在于，
所述导引件的外周面上结合有一个以上的突出于该导引件下端的隔离件，该隔离件能够阻止该导引件的下端直接接触所述板材的表面。
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CN101578452B (zh) 2010-11-10
EP2097650A2 (en) 2009-09-09
US8327514B2 (en) 2012-12-11
US20090265906A1 (en) 2009-10-29
EP2097650A4 (en) 2012-05-09
WO2009061123A3 (en) 2009-06-25
JP2010527292A (ja) 2010-08-12
KR100877721B1 (ko) 2009-01-07
WO2009061123A2 (en) 2009-05-14
DE08847589T1 (de) 2010-04-15
EP2097650B1 (en) 2013-09-18

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