CN101856872B - Preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101856872B CN101856872B CN200910048973.1A CN200910048973A CN101856872B CN 101856872 B CN101856872 B CN 101856872B CN 200910048973 A CN200910048973 A CN 200910048973A CN 101856872 B CN101856872 B CN 101856872B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/122—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg and equipment thereof. The method comprises the following steps: (a) leading out and unfolding continuous fiber from a creel (10) to pass a tension adjusting device (20) and a static elimination device (30) in sequence, sending the fiber to a preheating oven (40) to preheat, and then passing a tension adjusting device (50); (b) leading a preheated continuous fiber band into a dual-extrusion die head set which can be opened and closed in a staggered manner to presoak; and (c) leading the presoaked continuous fiber band into a soaked rolling roll set (70) to soak, then cooling by a cooling roll-in device (80), and finally leading into a traction rolling device (90) for shaping by winding to obtain the product. Compared with the prior art, the invention significantly improve the dispersion, infiltrating property and operability of the fiber, and obtains the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg which has uniformly dispersed and completely soaked fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and equipment of prepreg tape, especially relate to preparation method and the equipment of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg.
Background technology
Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material has excellent mechanical performance, stronger machinability and stable chemistry, as high hot strength and bending strength/modulus, outstanding high/low-temperature impact performance, designability is strong, shaping efficiency is high and acid and alkali-resistance etc., also there is in addition callable feature, in recent years under the promotion of the policy ideas such as environmental protection and energy saving, its exploitation has obtained great development with application, and corresponding manufacturing technology is also updated and improves.
Now main development solution impregnation, melt impregnation, powder dipping, Suspension and shuffling the technology path such as prepare, wherein melt impregnation owing to being convenient to, produce, the feature such as adaptable by serialization, favored, and extended thus the method for different dippings.But still there is the deficiencies such as complex structural designs, the production line investment of impregnating unit are large in existing equipment.
Based on the manufacturing process of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, the dispersiveness of fibre bundle with can wellability, and interfacial bonding property between fiber and resin matrix is the most key.Manufacture prepreg tape by molten resin impregnating continuous fibres at present, all adopt the complicated melt impregnation unit of design, as US Patent No. 5037284, the elementary dipping that uses dip roll and scraper to form, this method, due to tension direction and the resin infiltration opposite direction of fibre bundle and the formation of roller surface, is unfavorable for that molten resin enters tow inside.Later stage enters after format roll, makes resin in molten state by outside infrared heating, but can not ensure it is molten state with fiber contact portion, and excess Temperature easily causes the deficiencies such as resin roll banding, and only can manufacture prepreg tape in a narrow margin.US Patent No. 5529652 is introduced dipping die head method, that molten resin is extruded in dipping die head by screw extruder, the inside impregnating unit of recycling particular design is realized fiber complete wetting, continuous fiber after dipping will be controlled resin content by suitable outlet, can significantly improve like this dipping of resin to fiber.But because the infiltration of fiber occurs in the inside of flooding die head, the dipping situation of fiber is difficult to control, and to the dipping cleaning of die head and the difficulty of arranging and entry of fiber, is unsuitable for manufacturing wide cut prepreg tape.In US Patent No. 3908042, use rotary dipping roller to be sticked to surface through molten resin pond, contact with fiber again, because roller surface and the tension force of fiber make resin can see through fibre bundle, this method preferably resolves to be mentioned above dipping and wears the problems such as silk is difficult, but has the problems such as the oxidizable and resin content in molten resin pond is wayward.Now there is the problem of mentioning in US Patent No. 5529652 in two patents that Chinese patent CN88102218A and publication number are CN101152767A in addition, owing to using the cavity of sealing, makes to wear silk and die head cleaning difficulty equally.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly provide in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists that a kind of cost is low, fiber dispersion evenly, infiltrate completely, preparation method and the equipment of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg that voidage is low.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg, the method comprises the following steps:
In continuous fiber volume (11) by continuous fiber from creel (10), draw and launch, pass through successively again tension-adjusting gear (20), static eraser (30), preheating apparatus (40), after tension-adjusting gear (50), obtain the continuous fiber band of preheating, importing interlocks can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding carry out pre-preg, continuous fiber band after pre-preg is imported to dipping stack group (70) to be flooded, then through chill roll pressure device (80) cooling and shaping, finally import traction coiler device (90) coiling and molding, obtain continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg, it is characterized in that, the continuous fiber band of described preheating import staggered can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding, this interlocks and can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding comprise extrusion die (61), extrusion die (62) and orbital motion device (621), continuous fiber band contacts with extrusion die (61) and generation and the perpendicular osmotic pressure of fabric strip plane, make the thermoplastic resin of melting carry out pre-preg to a side of continuous fiber band, the opposite side of continuous fiber band contacts and produces same osmotic pressure with extrusion die (62), the thermoplastic resin of melting is flooded the opposite side of continuous fiber band again.
Fiber in described continuous fiber volume 11 comprises inorfil, organic fiber or metallic fiber; Described thermoplastic resin is selected from one or more in polyolefin resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, polyamide-based resin, polycarbonate resin or other resins for universal use.
Described inorfil comprises glass fibre or carbon fiber, and organic fiber comprises aromatic polyamide fibre or superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and metallic fiber comprises stainless steel fibre; Described polyolefin resin comprises PP or PE, and thermoplastic polyester resin comprises PET, PTT or PBT, and polyamide-based resin comprises nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 12, nylon 1212 or nylon 612, and other resins for universal use comprise PVC, PS or HIPS.
The spindle support 12 that can horizontally rotate is set on described creel 10, and this spindle support, with damping unit, evenly launches by tension adjustment control continuous fiber.
Described tension-adjusting gear 20 forms by arranging silk mouth 21 and jockey pulley 22, and row's silk mouth 21 makes to draw from creel 10 the even parallel arrangement of continuous fiber band of expansion, and jockey pulley 22 regulates the tension force of continuous fiber band.
Described preheating apparatus 40 adopts infrared heating mode or Electric heating heating.
Described dipping stack group 70 is made up of roller 71, roller 72 and roller 73, and dipping stack group 70 adopts thermocouple control heating, heat-conducting oil heating or infrared emanation heating.
Described chill roll pressure device 80 is made up of top roll 81, lower roll 82 and blade, top roll 81 and lower roll 82 adopt the mode of logical condensed water cooling, the spacing of adjusting upper roll 81 and lower roll 82 is controlled the thickness of prepreg tape, and blade carries out cutting edge to prepreg tape, revises the wide cut of prepreg tape.
A kind of preparation method's who implements continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg equipment, this equipment comprises creel 10, tension-adjusting gear 20, static eraser 30, preheating apparatus 40, tension-adjusting gear 50, dipping stack group 70, chill roll pressure device 80 and coiler device 90, it is characterized in that, also comprise staggered can the two extrusion die groups 60 of folding, this staggered can the two extrusion die groups 60 of folding by extrusion die 61, extrusion die 62 and orbital motion device 621 form, parallel between described extrusion die 61 and extrusion die 62, preferred parallel also makes continuous fiber band between two die heads, form S shape or anti-S shape.
Described extrusion die 61 extruder composition one the relative production line position supporting with it fixed, the extruder composition one that described extrusion die 62 is supporting with it is also arranged on orbital motion device 621, with orbital motion device 621 along the rail moving parallel with production line (orbital motion device is installed in orbit), described orbital motion device 621 can be by hydraulic pressure or driven by power, and the interval between described extrusion die 61 and extrusion die 62 is fixed by stopping means.
Compared with prior art, the present invention a kind of method of simple manufacture wide cut continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg is provided and implements the equipment of the method.Two extrusion die impregnation of fibers of design have following advantage: 1., when the molten resin of high temperature is expressed into fabric strip and extrusion die surface gap, the tension force that both produce forces resin sooner to the opposite side diffusion of fiber cloth, has reduced the infringement to fiber; 2. the tight semi-closed state that fabric strip and die head form reduces the thermal degradation of resin and the temperature leak of molten resin; 3. " S " slit that liang die head and fabric strip form not only can provide uniform Temperature Distribution, can also reduce and the contacting of air; 4. the fracture of wire phenomenon that silk and production process occur of wearing that can folding be designed to solve fiber cloth provides mode of operation easily.Therefore the dispersiveness of fiber, can wellability and operability significantly improve, can obtain all even dipping continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepregs completely of fiber dispersion, in prepreg tape, the content of resin is more easy to control, and realizes low cost and can be continuously produced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation technology figure of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg;
In figure, 1 is continuous tow, 2 is continuous fiber band, 3 is the continuous fiber band after dipping, 10 is creel, 11 is continuous fiber volume, 12 is spindle support, 20 is tension-adjusting gear, 21 is row's silk mouthful, 22 is jockey pulley, 30 is static eraser, 40 is preheating apparatus, 50 is tension-adjusting gear, 60 for staggered can the two extrusion die groups of folding, 61 is extrusion die, 62 is extrusion die, 621 is orbital motion device, 70 is dipping stack group, 71 is roller, 72 is roller, 73 is roller, 80 is chill roll pressure device, 81 is top roll, 82 is lower roll, 90 is coiler device,
Fig. 2 for staggered can the two extrusion die group schematic diagrames of folding;
In figure, 61 is extrusion die, and 62 is extrusion die, and 63 is the extruder supporting with 61, and 64 is the extruder supporting with 62, and 621 is orbital motion device, and 622 is track.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1～2, a kind of preparation method's who implements continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg equipment, this equipment comprises creel 10, tension-adjusting gear 20, static eraser 30, preheating apparatus 40, tension-adjusting gear 50, dipping stack group 70, chill roll pressure device 80 and coiler device 90, also comprise staggered can the two extrusion die groups 60 of folding, this staggered can the two extrusion die groups 60 of folding by extrusion die 61, extrusion die 62 and orbital motion device 621 form, parallel and form S shape slit with fabric strip between described extrusion die 61 and extrusion die 62.
Creel 10 is mainly used to place continuous fiber volume 11.Its main purpose is by continuous tow 1 parallel expansion fiber roll 11.Creel 10 is provided with the spindle support 12 horizontally rotating, for placing continuous fiber volume 11.In order to control the stability of continuous tow 1 when continuous fiber volume launches and the uniformity of tensile force, each spindle support horizontally rotating is provided with damping unit and is used for ensureing being arranged in parallel and the uniformity of tension force of fiber.
For being evenly arranged in parallel of the continuous tow 1 that further ensures to draw from creel 10, and do not produce distortion or distortion, designed tension-adjusting gear 20, formed by row's silk mouthfuls 21 and jockey pulley 22.Row's silk mouth makes the even parallel arrangement of continuous tow 1 of drawing, launching from spinning frame, the uniformity of guarantee thickness and indeformable.The tension force of the adjustable fiber of stagger angle of adjustment of tonicity roller 22.
Draw in the process of launching with tensioner 20 at bank 10, continuous fiber band 2 is because unavoidable friction can produce static, thereby causes fluffing, affects the quality of product and the continuity of production.Therefore enter at the continuous fiber band of parallel arrangement the static that before baking oven carries out preheating, static eraser 30 is set and is used for eliminating fiber surface.
In order to realize the complete wetting of the continuous fiber band being arranged in parallel, must ensure between the melt temperature and surface conditioning agent fail temperature of the temperature of fabric strip in the time contacting with molten resin in resin, thereby guarantee fiber can not cause resin matrix at the surface crystallization of fiber in the time contacting with molten resin, conjunctiva affects the infiltration of fiber.Mode of heating for fiber preheating comprises Electric heating or infrared heating mode, for improving the efficiency of heating, in the present invention, adopt infrared heating mode, be preheating to the continuous fiber band being arranged in parallel of uniform temperature through the adjustment of tension-adjusting gear 50 through preheating device 40, reach the parallel object with obtaining predetermined tension.
The continuous fiber band being arranged in parallel after tension-adjusting gear 50 is adjusted import staggered can the two extrusion die groups 60 of folding, contact and produce certain osmotic pressure with one of them extrusion die 61, the high-temperature resin of melting carries out pre-preg to continuous fiber band, then the opposite side of continuous fiber band contacts with another extrusion die 62 and also produces certain osmotic pressure, and the high-temperature resin of melting carries out pre-preg to the opposite side of continuous fiber band.The feed mode of molten resin adopts single screw extrusion machine or double screw extruder.Adopt two extruders respectively to two extrusion die 61,62 feed, wherein die head 61 extruder composition one the relative production line position supporting with it fixed, the die head 62 extruder composition one supporting with it is arranged on orbital motion device 621, with orbital motion device 621 along the rail moving parallel with production line, parallel and form S shape slit with fabric strip between two die heads, and while producing between be separated with fixing stopping means.By controlling the position of die head 62, can wear silk and cleaning operation, greatly improve operability.
The continuous fiber band of the two extrusion die pre-preg of the staggered opening and closing type of process enters dipping stack group 70, and it is made up of roller 71, roller 72 and roller 73, and the necessary smooth cleaning in roller surface, reduces the adhesion of resin.The continuous fiber band that three rollers are pre-preg provides enough tension force, realizes the thorough impregnation of molten resin to fiber.For ensureing the thorough impregnation of fiber, resin must be in molten condition, and therefore the surface temperature of three rollers needs to make resin in melt-flow state, and for crystalline polymer, the surface temperature of three rollers should be higher than the crystalline melt temperature of polymer.The mode of heating of roller comprises thermocouple electrical heating, heat-conducting oil heating or infrared emanation heating.
For ensureing to keep smooth and bright and clean surface through the continuous fiber band of matrix resin thorough impregnation, be provided with chill roll pressure device 80.It is made up of top roll 81 and lower roll 82, and two rollers all adopt the mode of logical condensed water cooling, to ensure the crystallization of crystalline resins or being cooled to below glass transition temperature of guarantee amorphous polymer, realizes the cooled and solidified of molten resin.In addition, by regulating the spacing of upper and lower two rollers to control the thickness of final prepreg tape.In cooling rolling equipment 80, be also provided with blade simultaneously prepreg tape is carried out to cutting edge, revise the wide cut of prepreg tape, can cross other approach to the leftover pieces that cut and carry out recycling.
After 80s by chill roll pressure device, prepreg tape passes through air-cooled or water-cooled again, makes the temperature of whole prepreg tape drop to room temperature and can be wound into tubular by coiler device 90, is convenient to packaging, transport and storage.
In order to describe better the mentioned continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg manufacture method of the present invention, existing taking continuous glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) prepreg tape as embodiment, further set forth feature of the present invention and process:
Continuous glass fibre volume (45882400tex of PPG company) is arranged in the spindle 12 on creel 10, careful draws fibre bundle by being arranged on the thread eye on creel, the fibre bundle of drawing through thread eye is by the row's silk mouth 21 in tension-adjusting gear 20, make that fabric strip is parallel evenly arranges, avoid mutual intersection and wearing and tearing between fabric strip.Then the continuous fiber band of parallel arrangement, through jockey pulley 22, applies the preliminary dispersion of certain tension force guarantee fiber to fabric strip.Eliminate through static eraser 30 static producing.
The preheating device 40 of continuous fiber band adopts IR bake, continuous fiber band is preheating to 230 DEG C of temperature, continuous fiber band through preheating is led extrusion die 61 through tension-adjusting gear 50, again extrusion die 62 is slided and enters precalculated position wait wearing after silk completes, two die heads act on altogether and produce certain osmotic pressure, the acrylic resin of melting carries out pre-preg to continuous fiber band, and the polypropylene that the present embodiment adopts is Yanshan Petrochemical 7726, and the extruder adopting is single screw extrusion machine.The temperature of extrusion die is arranged on 230 DEG C, ensures that the acrylic resin of melting has lower viscosity.
Import dipping stack group 70 by the continuous fiber band of two extrusion die group 60 pre-preg of staggered opening and closing type, the temperature of roller 71, roller 72 and the roller 73 comprising is all set in 210 DEG C, ensure that acrylic resin has lower viscosity and mobility, realized the complete wetting of molten resin to fiber.
Continuous fiber band after dipping stack group 70 thorough impregnations imports chill roll pressure device 80 cooling and shapings, and top roll 81 and lower roll 82 are all connected with condensed water, and the gap adjustment of two rollers is to 0.3mm.It is 0.3mm that continuous fiber band obtains thickness after the sizing of cooling and shaping roller is cooling, and smooth surface is flooded continuous glass fibre completely and strengthened thermoplastic polypropylene prepreg tape.Finally, be cooled to 25 DEG C through wind, then pack after coiling, just can obtain continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic polypropylene prepreg tape product.
Claims (11)
1. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg, the method comprises the following steps:
In continuous fiber volume (11) by continuous fiber from creel (10), draw and launch, pass through successively again tension-adjusting gear (20), static eraser (30), preheating apparatus (40), after tension-adjusting gear (50), obtain the continuous fiber band of preheating, importing interlocks can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding carry out pre-preg, continuous fiber band after pre-preg is imported to dipping stack group (70) to be flooded, then through chill roll pressure device (80) cooling and shaping, finally import traction coiler device (90) coiling and molding, obtain continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg, it is characterized in that, the continuous fiber band of described preheating import staggered can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding, this is staggered can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding comprises extrusion die a(61), extrusion die b(62) and orbital motion device (621), continuous fiber band and extrusion die a(61) contact and generation and the perpendicular osmotic pressure of fabric strip plane, make the thermoplastic resin of melting carry out pre-preg to a side of continuous fiber band, the opposite side of continuous fiber band and extrusion die b(62) contact and produce same osmotic pressure, the thermoplastic resin of melting is flooded the opposite side of continuous fiber band again.
2. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the fiber in described continuous fiber volume (11) comprises inorfil, organic fiber or metallic fiber; Described thermoplastic resin is selected from one or more of polyolefin resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, polyamide-based resin, polycarbonate resin, PVC, PS.
3. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described PS is HIPS.
4. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described inorfil comprises glass fibre or carbon fiber, organic fiber comprises aromatic polyamide fibre or superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and metallic fiber comprises stainless steel fibre; Described polyolefin resin comprises PP or PE, and thermoplastic polyester resin comprises PET, PTT or PBT, and polyamide-based resin comprises nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 12, nylon 1212 or nylon 612.
5. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spindle support (12) that can horizontally rotate is set on described creel (10), this spindle support, with damping unit, evenly launches by tension adjustment control continuous fiber.
6. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tension-adjusting gear (20) is made up of row's silk mouthful (21) and jockey pulley (22), row's silk mouthful (21) makes to draw from creel (10) the even parallel arrangement of continuous fiber band of expansion, and jockey pulley (22) regulates the tension force of continuous fiber band.
7. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preheating apparatus (40) adopts infrared heating mode or Electric heating heating.
8. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dipping stack group (70) is by roller a(71), roller b(72) and roller c(73) form, dipping stack group (70) adopts thermocouple control heating, heat-conducting oil heating or infrared emanation heating.
9. the preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described chill roll pressure device (80) is made up of top roll (81), lower roll (82) and blade, top roll (81) and lower roll (82) adopt the mode of logical condensed water cooling, the spacing of adjusting upper roll (81) and lower roll (82) is controlled the thickness of prepreg tape, blade carries out cutting edge to prepreg tape, revises the wide cut of prepreg tape.
10. implement the preparation method's of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg as claimed in claim 1 equipment for one kind, this equipment comprises creel (10), tension-adjusting gear (20), static eraser (30), preheating apparatus (40), tension-adjusting gear (50), dipping stack group (70), chill roll pressure device (80) and coiler device (90), it is characterized in that, also comprise staggered can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding, this staggered can the two extrusion die groups (60) of folding by extrusion die a(61), extrusion die b(62) and orbital motion device (621) composition, described extrusion die a(61) with extrusion die b(62) between parallel.
The preparation method's of 11. enforcement continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepregs according to claim 10 equipment, it is characterized in that, described extrusion die a(61) extruder supporting with it forms one and relative production line position is fixed, described extrusion die b(62) extruder supporting with it composition one being arranged on orbital motion device (621), with orbital motion device (621) along the rail moving parallel with production line, described extrusion die a(61) and extrusion die b(62) between interval fixed by stopping means.
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Denomination of invention: Preparation method of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material prepreg and equipment thereof Effective date of registration: 20191202 Granted publication date: 20140604 Pledgee: Chuzhou economic and Technological Development Corporation Pledgor: Shanghai Jieshijie New Materials (Group) Co., Ltd. Registration number: Y2019980000815 |