CN101898198B - Method for remedying oil pollution by unitedly using air shatter crack and microorganism and device thereof - Google Patents
Method for remedying oil pollution by unitedly using air shatter crack and microorganism and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to environmental protection of oil and gas fields and provides a method for remedying oil pollution by unitedly using air shatter crack and microorganism and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out the air shatter crack on soil layer polluted by oils, removing pollutants in a vaporphase by using a vacuum pump, and opening a high-pressure sprayer to evenly disperse and inject culture mediums or microorganism into the soil; and the outlet of a central extraction well is connected with the vacuum pump, continuous airflows are extracted in the extraction well by the vacuum pump, and the balance of oxygen is supplied by peripheral wells for the purpose of keeping the continuous supply of the oxygen in soil pore space to remove the pollutants in the vaporphase. The invention also provides the device which is composed of an air compression engine, the vacuum pump, a valve, the high-pressure sprayer, a feed tank and a mixed tank. Compared with the homogeneous processing techniques, the invention saves cost by about 40-50% and economizes running cost by 20-35%; in addition, maintenance and management cost of the invention is 40-75% of that of the homogeneous processing techniques.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil-gas field surface engineering technology and the environmental protection technology of petroleum industry, specifically is a kind of to soil and underground water oil pollution air shatter crack and microbial association restorative procedure and device thereof.
Background technology
In the time of Petroleum Production, and process and product are more and more serious to the pollution of environment, have injured human beings'health and existence.Soil that links such as the production of oil product, transportation, storage produce and the organic contamination in the underground water; As the typical negative product that is accompanied with petroleum industry; Progressively caused the great attention of industry and even entire society, environmental problem becomes international.
Because oil when leaking into subterranean layer, tends to be present in the form of free phase the surface of water.Nonaqueous phase liquid can be fettered by pore media for a long time, and its solubility composition also can diffuse in the underground water gradually, thereby becomes a kind of persistent pollution sources.Common processing method is only to remove to the pollutant in underground water or the soil.Such consequence is; In case the words that repair system is out of service; The free phase (bound nonaqueous phase liquid) that is positioned at the water surface can move freely at subterranean layer again downstream; And constantly enter into soil and underground water through processes such as dissolving, volatilizations, give underground water and soil causes greatly, lasting pollution.Therefore, how effectively to subterranean layer free phase oil pollution handle emphasis and the difficult point that to be soil study with the underground water reparation always.
At present, the processing to the underground water oil pollution mainly is divided into physics method, chemical method and bioanalysis.Before the eighties in last century, administer petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil and also only limit to physics and chemical method, i.e. heat treatment and chemical lixiviation process.Heat treating process is through burning or calcining, can purify majority of organic pollutants in the soil, but also destroy soil texture and component simultaneously, and cost an arm and a leg and very difficult enforcement.Chemistry leaches and washing also can obtain deoiling effect preferably, but the secondary pollution issues limit of used chemical reagent its application.
Repair problem in order to solve soil and underground water oil pollution better, bioremediation technology arises at the historic moment.Biological restoration is to utilize biological life metabolic activity to reduce the concentration of venomous injurant in the soil environment, makes contaminated soil return to the process of health status.At present, the biological restoration method be widely used, cost-effective method.As far back as the seventies; Soil is by the problem of oil pollution when breaking down leakage of oil and oil spilling in order to solve petroleum pipeline and oil storage tank; Begun to seek the biological solution of cleaning; And a kind of effectively " bacterium seeding method " found in its laboratory research, opened the biological restoration oil-polluted soils beginning.Since the eighties, the bioremediation technology of contaminated soil more and more causes people's attention, and bioremediation technology has also been obtained very much progress, and is ripe gradually.For example, Yateem (2002) and Batista (2006) disclose a kind of repairing method of microorganism, are measure through taking the people, comprise interpolation oxygen, and nutrients etc. stimulate the original position microbial growth, thereby strengthen the nature of pollutant, biodegradation process.The concrete operations step of this method is week about mineral salt nutrition base to be injected soil, repairs on-the-spot original position microbial growth with promotion, thereby reaches repairing effect.But sometimes, utilize the original position microorganism to repair merely, possibly not reach the repairing effect of expection, or repair time can be very long, this just need improve repairing effect by inoculation enhancement microbiological (petroleum-type degradation bacteria) when injecting mineral salt nutrition base.It is concurrently injected that microorganism is accompanied by mineral salt nutrition base often.The inoculum density of microorganism is advisable with 106-108cell/L (mineral salt nutrition base).The injection rate of enhancement microbiological can be with reference to the injection rate of mineral salt nutrition base.
The employed mineral salts medium prescription of said method is (gram, every liter contains): Na2HPO4,0.28; KH2PO4,1.14, NH4NO3,3.00; K2SO4,0.36; MgSO4.7H2O, 0.154; CaCl2.2H2O, 0.023; FeSO4,7H2O, 0.038; NaCl, 0.10; The yeast leachate, 0.5, pH transfers to 6.8.By behind the good culture medium of formulation, and be adjusted to required pH.Fluid nutrient medium need behind autoclaving, can to use (sterilising conditions, 15psi, 20min).
Degradation bacteria is to obtain with screen in a small amount of on-the-spot soil sample, the mineral salts medium, and process is to be carbon source with 1% crude oil, and at 20 ℃, 200rpm cultivated 48 hours, became muddiness to culture medium, and tangible growth of microorganism is arranged.Adopt repeatedly time for culture medium and reinject in the fresh culture medium, obtain surging microorganism fungus kind.Through the enrichment of three generations, bacteria suspension is applied to the dull and stereotyped cultivation of mineral salts agar, with streak plate technology purifying.Bacterium behind the purifying is seeded to trypcasein soy agar (TSA) respectively, is put in 4 ℃ the refrigerator to preserve.The oil degradation bacterium of being screened is chosen several rings with oese be added in the aforementioned mineral salt liquid nutritional base for preparing, shaken cultivation (150 rev/mins) is 2 days at normal temperatures, when making microbe inoculation concentration reach the suspension of 106-108cell/L, can inject.
Said method can have treatment effect preferably for the relatively more loose place of the soil texture; Yet when on-site soil medium osmosis property is low; This method is difficult to utilized by Institute of Micro-biology to nutrients and electron acceptor in the underground medium, has influenced the degraded to pollutant greatly.
The little red people of grade of Jiang in 2006 open (" Environmental Pollution and Control " the 03rd phase) present multiple physics and the chemistry method of repairing; On the basis of analyzing the reparation of contaminated soil original position and dystopy repair mode and the whole bag of tricks; To several frequently seen soil pollution type, enhancement microbiological reparation simultaneously under the air shatter crack technology is auxiliary has been proposed.But there are not feasible combination renovation technique and concrete embodiment.
Do not see also in the practical application that feasible combination renovation technique and specific embodiments are arranged but repair at the scene.And the stack of two technology is used, and when regulation effect improves, will certainly increase and take up an area of and energy consumption, increases the apparatus and process flow process simultaneously, is difficult to operate, manages and safeguards, thereby make the overall operation cost significantly raise.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome a difficult problem that runs in the present biological restoration process, a kind of auxiliary microbial association restorative procedure of efficient, economic oil pollution air shatter crack and device thereof that is applicable to the hypotonicity geological conditions is provided.
The oil pollution air shatter crack is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure, and concrete technical scheme is following:
1) in oil pollution soil layer boring well, insert tubular probe, connect high-pressure nozzle at probe apart from about 2-3 rice, ground, injecting compressed air in tubular probe makes soil form the crack, repeats all to form the soil parting that shakes up to whole Polluted area;
The described compressed air pressure of step 1) is at 100-150psi, and each duration is 20-30 second, and the intermittent time is 10 minutes.
2) pneumatic shake split after, the pollutant in the vapor phase is removed through vavuum pump;
3) high-pressure nozzle of unlatching air shatter crack system is accompanied by high pressure draught through the probe shower nozzle with the mineral salt fluid nutrient medium and evenly disperses to inject soil along the air shatter crack well under 100-150psi pressure;
The best gas-liquid blend pressure ratio that the described nutrients of step 3) injects is 1: 5.
The injection cycle of the described nutriment of step 3) is to inject once in 4-10 days, presses 5-15L/m at every turn
2The amount of (reparation site area) is injected on-the-spot.
During the described injection mineral salt of step 3) nutrition base, while injection reinforcing microbial bacteria suspension;
The injection rate of the described microbial bacteria suspension of step 3) is 5-10L/m by repairing site area
2, the bacterial concentration of bacteria suspension is 106-108cell/L, microbial bacteria suspension charge velocity is 5mL/min.
4) establish central extraction well more than a bite in the contaminated area; Connect vavuum pump in central extraction well exit, continuous circulation of air is crossed this vavuum pump and is extracted out from extraction well, and remaining oxygen is through the well supply of periphery; To form the circulation of air, maintenance oxygen is without interruption the soil aperture.
The operation of the described vavuum pump of step 4) compressed air is simultaneously opened, and its cycle of operation is 10 minutes, and be 20 minutes blanking time.The vavuum pump limiting pressure is 0.01MPa.
The described circulation of air air velocity of step 4) continues less than 1L/min when injection reinforcing microbial bacteria suspension.
The device that the auxiliary microbial association of a kind of oil pollution air shatter crack is repaired, concrete technical scheme is following:
The auxiliary microbial association prosthetic device of oil pollution air shatter crack is by air compressor 5, vavuum pump 6, head valve 1, valve 16,12,15; High-pressure nozzle 11 and dosing tank 8 are formed with blending tank 7; The escape pipe 13 of air compressor 5 is communicated with head valve 1 and valve 12 through valve 15; Vavuum pump 6 is communicated with head valve 1 and valve 16 through valve 15, the other end of valve 16 and blending tank 7 UNICOMs, and the other end of head valve 1 splits well 10 down-hole plastic-aluminum pipes 4 and is connected with pneumatic shaking through pipeline; Plastic-aluminum pipe 4 connects high-pressure nozzle 11, and described plastic-aluminum pipe 4 length are times of groundwater level.
Described blending tank 7 is connected with water pump 9.
Describedly between air compressor 5 and vavuum pump 6 and valve, be connected with flowmeter 3.
Described escape pipe 13 is for bearing the hot dip galvanizing pipe more than 8 atmospheric pressure.
Described escape pipe 13 specifications are φ 25mm * wall thickness 2.75mm.
The remaining pipes that is communicated with air compressor 5, vavuum pump 6, head valve 1 is pvc pipe.Escape pipe 13 and the pipeline that is communicated with through valve 15 and head valve 1 and valve 16 are on same horizontal plane.
The pneumatic well head that splits well 10 that shakes adopts stainless steel pipe, and the well head outside is equipped with well lid 14, head valve 1 and pressure gauge 2 simultaneously.
The aperture that described shower nozzle 11 distributes at cylindrical sidewall uniformly.
Described shower nozzle 11 tops are φ 25mm * wall thickness 5mm hollow cylinder, and the bottom is φ 35mm * wall thickness 5mm hollow cylinder, is the aperture of 2-3mm at the uniform distribution diameter of cylindrical sidewall.
The present invention is fit to remove the petroleum pollution of (free phase, solid phase, the absorption equate) existence that exists with various forms in the hypotonicity subterranean layer; Physics and biotechnology are organically combined, and treatment effeciency and applicability improve, and the petroleum-type clearance is more than 90%; Each main contamination index all reaches national sewage comprehensive discharge primary standard; To the gas station, oil product production, the pollution that chemical products production etc. causes has effect preferably.
The present invention does not produce secondary pollution, compares with similar treatment technology, and it is about 40%～50% to reduce investment outlay, and the maintenance and management cost is merely 40%～75% of similar technology, saves operating cost and reaches 20%～35%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is handling process and device sketch map;
Fig. 2 is the well head structural representation.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention.
The oil pollution air shatter crack is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure, and concrete technical scheme is following:
1) adopts pneumatic disruption method to shake and split the oil pollution soil layer; In oil pollution soil layer boring well, insert tubular probe; Connect high-pressure nozzle at probe apart from about 2-3 rice, ground; Injecting compressed air in tubular probe makes soil form the crack, repeats all to form the soil parting that shakes up to whole Polluted area;
The described compressed air pressure of step 1) is at 100-150psi, and each duration is 20-30 second, and the intermittent time is 10 minutes.Forced air stream includes sufficient oxygen, and these can promote native country oxygen consumption microbial growth.If desired, repeat above-mentioned steps and split effect to reach satisfied shaking for several times.
2) pneumatic shake split after, the pollutant in the vapor phase is removed through vavuum pump, the waste gas of extraction can be handled through charcoal absorption.
3) high-pressure nozzle of unlatching air shatter crack system is accompanied by high pressure draught through the probe shower nozzle with the mineral salt fluid nutrient medium and evenly disperses to inject soil along air shatter crack well shape under 100-150psi pressure;
Inject nutriment to the soil horizon that forms the crack, to increase the original position activation of microorganism.Liquid nutritional thing probe shower nozzle through pneumatic apparatus for breaking from grug feeding jar is injected in the soil layer; The liquid nutritional thing can be selected mineral salt liquid nutritional base; The vapour-liquid ratio that nutrients injects is quite high; The liquid nutritional thing is actually and is spray form injection like this, can increase its permeability in soil layer.
The best gas-liquid blend pressure ratio that the described nutrients of step 3) injects is 1: 5.
The injection cycle of the described nutriment of step 3) is to inject once in 4-10 days, press the amount of 5-15L/m2 (reparation site area) at every turn and injects the scene.So that biological soup has the sufficiently long time of staying, these nutrients can evenly disperse along interstices of soil.
During the described injection mineral salt of step 3) nutrition base, injection reinforcing microbial bacteria suspension enhanced biological remediation efficiency simultaneously, the injection reinforcing microorganism looks field repair is required and decides.In order to make microorganism that higher adaptability arranged, enhancement microbiological is for to screen gained from on-the-spot soil sample or water sample.
The injection rate of the described microbial bacteria suspension of step 3) is 5-10L/m2 by repairing site area, and the bacterial concentration of bacteria suspension is 106-108cell/L, and microbial bacteria suspension charge velocity is 5mL/min.The nutrient solution that contains microorganism injects and requires with the nutrient solution injection is consistent separately.
4) process of microbial degradation pollutant is very long relatively; Establish the central extraction well more than a bite in the contaminated area; Connect vavuum pump in central extraction well exit, continuous circulation of air is crossed this vavuum pump and is extracted out from extraction well, and remaining oxygen is through the well supply of periphery; To form the circulation of air, maintenance oxygen is without interruption the soil aperture.
The operation of the described vavuum pump of step 4) compressed air is simultaneously opened, and its cycle of operation is 10 minutes, and be 20 minutes blanking time.The vavuum pump limiting pressure is 0.01MPa.
The described circulation of air air velocity of step 4) continues less than 1L/min when injection reinforcing microbial bacteria suspension.Thereby reduce the processing of tail gas as far as possible and guarantee the treatment effeciency of microorganism.
The device that the auxiliary microbial association of a kind of oil pollution air shatter crack is repaired, concrete technical scheme is following:
The auxiliary microbial association prosthetic device of oil pollution air shatter crack is by air compressor 5, vavuum pump 6, head valve 1, valve 16,12,15; High-pressure nozzle 11 and dosing tank 8 are formed with blending tank 7; The escape pipe 13 of air compressor 5 is communicated with head valve 1 and valve 12 through valve 15; Vavuum pump 6 is communicated with head valve 1 and valve 16 through valve 15, the other end of valve 16 and blending tank 7 UNICOMs, and the other end of head valve 1 splits well 10 down-hole plastic-aluminum pipes 4 and is connected with pneumatic shaking through pipeline; Plastic-aluminum pipe 4 connects high-pressure nozzle 11, and described plastic-aluminum pipe 4 length are times of groundwater level.
Described blending tank 7 is connected with water pump 9.
Describedly between air compressor 5 and vavuum pump 6 and valve, be connected with flowmeter 3.
Described escape pipe 13 is for bearing the hot dip galvanizing pipe more than 8 atmospheric pressure.
Described escape pipe 13 specifications are φ 25mm * wall thickness 2.75mm.
The remaining pipes that is communicated with air compressor 5, vavuum pump 6, head valve 1 is pvc pipe.
Escape pipe 13 and the pipeline that is communicated with through valve 15 and head valve 1 and valve 16 are on same horizontal plane.
The pneumatic well head that splits well 10 that shakes adopts stainless steel pipe, and the well head outside is equipped with well lid 14, head valve 1 and pressure gauge 2 simultaneously.
The aperture that described shower nozzle 11 distributes at cylindrical sidewall uniformly.
Described shower nozzle 11 tops are φ 25mm * wall thickness 5mm hollow cylinder, and the bottom is φ 35mm * wall thickness 5mm hollow cylinder, is the aperture of 2-3mm at the uniform distribution diameter of cylindrical sidewall.
During device busy that the auxiliary microbial association of oil pollution air shatter crack is repaired according to the auxiliary microbial association restorative procedure of oil pollution air shatter crack of the present invention, successively manually or open and close automatically the process that air compressor, vavuum pump, each valve reach air shatter crack and microorganism dosing according to flowmeter, manometric feedback information.
Claims (8)
1. the oil pollution air shatter crack is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure, it is characterized in that concrete technical step is following:
1) in oil pollution soil layer boring well, insert tubular probe, connect high-pressure nozzle at probe apart from 2-3 rice, ground, injecting compressed air in tubular probe makes soil form the crack, repeats all to form the soil parting that shakes up to whole Polluted area;
2) pneumatic shake split after, the pollutant in the vapor phase is removed through vavuum pump, the waste gas of extraction is handled through charcoal absorption;
3) high-pressure nozzle of unlatching air shatter crack system is accompanied by high pressure draught through the probe shower nozzle with the mineral salt fluid nutrient medium and evenly disperses to inject soil along the air shatter crack well under 100-150psi pressure;
The best gas-liquid blend pressure ratio that injects is 1: 5, and the injection cycle is to inject once in 4-10 days, presses 5-15L/m at every turn
2Amount inject on-the-spot; During described injection mineral salt nutrition base, injection reinforcing microbial bacteria suspension simultaneously; Enhancement microbiological is for screening gained from on-the-spot soil sample or water sample;
The injection rate of described microbial bacteria suspension is 5-10L/m by repairing site area
2, the bacterial concentration of bacteria suspension is 106-108cell/L, microbial bacteria suspension charge velocity is 5mL/min;
4) establish central extraction well more than a bite in the contaminated area; Connect vavuum pump in central extraction well exit, continuous circulation of air is crossed this vavuum pump and is extracted out from extraction well, and remaining oxygen is through the well supply of periphery; To form the circulation of air, maintenance oxygen is without interruption the soil aperture.
2. oil pollution air shatter crack according to claim 1 is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure, characteristic be the described compressed air pressure of step 1) at 100-150psi, each duration is 20-30 second, the intermittent time is 10 minutes.
3. oil pollution air shatter crack according to claim 1 is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure, and characteristic is the operation compressed air unlatching simultaneously of the described vavuum pump of step 4), and its cycle of operation is 10 minutes, and be 20 minutes blanking time; The vavuum pump limiting pressure is 0.01MPa.
4. oil pollution air shatter crack according to claim 1 is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure, and characteristic is that the described circulation of air air velocity of step 4) continues less than 1L/min when injection reinforcing microbial bacteria suspension.
5. one kind is used for the device that claim 1 oil pollution air shatter crack is assisted the microbial association restorative procedure; Characteristic is: be made up of air compressor, vavuum pump, head valve, high-pressure nozzle and dosing tank and blending tank; The escape pipe (13) of air compressor (5) is communicated with head valve (1) and valve (12) through valve (15); Vavuum pump (6) is communicated with head valve (1) and valve (16) through valve (15); The other end of valve (16) and blending tank (7) UNICOM, the other end of head valve (1) splits well (10) down-hole plastic-aluminum pipe (4) and is connected with pneumatic shaking through pipeline, and plastic-aluminum pipe (4) connects high-pressure nozzle (11); Described plastic-aluminum pipe (4) length is a times of groundwater level, and escape pipe (13) and the pipeline that is communicated with head valve (1) and valve (16) through valve (15) are on same horizontal plane;
For to bear the hot dip galvanizing pipe more than 8 atmospheric pressure, described escape pipe (13) specification is φ 25mm * wall thickness 2.75mm to described escape pipe (13), and the remaining pipes that is communicated with air compressor (5), vavuum pump (6), head valve (1) is pvc pipe;
Described shower nozzle (11) top is φ 25mm * wall thickness 5mm hollow cylinder, and the bottom is φ 35mm * wall thickness 5mm hollow cylinder, is the aperture of 2-3mm at the uniform distribution diameter of cylindrical sidewall.
6. device according to claim 5, characteristic are that the pneumatic well head that splits well (10) that shakes adopts stainless steel pipe, and the well head outside is equipped with well lid (14), head valve (1) and pressure gauge (2) simultaneously.
7. device according to claim 5, characteristic are the apertures that described shower nozzle (11) distributes at cylindrical sidewall uniformly.
8. device according to claim 5, characteristic are that described blending tank (7) is connected with water pump (9), describedly between air compressor (5) and vavuum pump (6) and valve, are connected with flowmeter (3).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103170497A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-06-26 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Light oil polluted unsaturated zone soil in-situ remediation apparatus and method thereof |
| CN103170498A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-06-26 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Light oil polluted unsaturated zone soil in-situ remediation apparatus and method thereof |
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