CN101947627B - Fastener installing tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastener installing tool which comprises an anvil component with a molding cavity and a clamping head, wherein the clamping head is provided with a dragging component with a fastener abutting end and a plurality of teeth; the plurality of teeth comprise a first tooth adjacent to the fastener abutting end; the first tooth of the plurality of teeth comprises a first inner diameter; and each tooth of the rest teeth of the plurality of teeth is provided with a second inner diameter, wherein the first inner diameter of the first tooth is larger than the second inner diameter of each tooth of the rest teeth of the plurality of teeth.

Description

Fastener installation tool

Technical field

The present invention relates to fastener installation tool, and more particularly, relate to the fastening system that comprises many, formed type securing member and molding tool thereof, the fastening system of this molding tool has shown low molding pressure load and high-intensity optimum balance.The invention still further relates to the simplification installation method that uses low molding pressure load fastening system.

Background technology

In many commercial application, two the securing member formation screw thread or mold pressing of so-called clamping screw is generally used for a plurality of workpiece are fixed together.For example with reference to United States Patent(USP) No. 2,531,048; No.3,215,024; No.3,915,053; No.4,472,096; And No.5,090,852.According to the commercial application that wherein will use securing member, the material properties of these securing members (for example, tensile strength and hardness ((being not limited to this Grade))) changes.For distinguishing the multiple attribute of securing member, securing member is typically indicated by grade (Grade).The Grade of securing member representes its intensity.Industrial standard has been set up the desirable strength of securing member, to utilize the intensity of the specific securing member of being confirmed by the strength of materials of fastener bolt or pin, meets specific Grade.For example; 1/2 inch Grade 5 securing member has the pin or the bolt shank of 1/2 inch diameter, and bar portion is used for the workpiece openings of nominal 1/2 inch diameter, and according to SAE J429; Grade 5 or ASTM A-325, this Grade 5 securing members must have the minimum tensile strength of 120KSI.Through relatively, in order to obtain the quality of Grade 8 securing members, according to SAE J429, Grade 8 or ASTM A-490, securing member must have the minimum tensile strength of 150KSI.Grade 5 securing members usually for example are used for railway (for example train) and use.Grade 8 securing members are generally used for commercial transport and use, for example in commercial truck transportation industry with fixing truck parts.

Typical formed type securing member comprises the pin and the axle collar.Most these securing members are stretching type kinds, and comprise pin rod with the sticking department that has lock slots and the dilatory portion with dilatory groove.Should dilatory groove be fit to hold through the tooth that cooperation has in the chuck jaw of erecting tools of mold pressing anvil.This mold pressing anvil be fit to engage the axle collar, and relative axial force is put between the pin and the axle collar, above the axle collar, moving, and it is molded into lock slots.This relative axial force comprises the combination of the compressive load on tension loading and the axle collar that is caused by the mold pressing anvil on the pin that is caused by chuck jaw.Utilization reduces the cut-off neck slot (breakneck groove) of intensity, and the dilatory portion of the securing member of many formed types is connected to the locking slot part.This cut-off neck slot be adapted at greater than the mold pressing axle collar required select in advance axially or tension force break when big or small.Correspondingly, after accomplishing mold pressing, dilatory portion or pin tail will be cut off and remove from pin rod.Yet other mold pressing securing member has after accomplish installing and is retained in the dilatory portion on the pin.For example with reference to United States Patent(USP) No. 5,315,755; No.5,548,889 and No.5,604,968 (disclosing) from the dilatory portion of screw thread that pin cuts off.In other words, these securing members are not have the pin tail.For example with reference to Fig. 1-8 of United States Patent (USP) ' 755.

In problem, for the securing member of the formed type of suitable high strength (for example Grade 5 with more than), the frequent excessive size that occurs for the tension loading of the required application of the mold pressing axle collar fully.This causes the destruction of too early wearing and tearing, especially drag gear and the dilatory groove on pin of erecting tools.This high molding pressure load also makes installation process complicated usually, especially when the situation of using the manual operation erecting tools.In order to attempt to overcome some in these shortcomings, carried out the modification of multiple different erecting tools.For example; Incorporate into here through reference; A kind of dilatory portion of pin of acorn nut shape and the Tool grasper locking structure of the shape of complementation are disclosed for the 4th, 299, No. 519 as the United States Patent (USP) that fully here proposes; Should the dilatory portion promptly structure that expectation provides instrument with the Tool grasper locking structure to the joint of all dilatory grooves of dilatory portion, thereby and the destruction of suppressing to draw groove.For example with reference to Fig. 1-5 of United States Patent (USP) ' 519.Other instrument only adds hydraulic pressure and/or pneumaticpiston cylinder, applies required molding pressure to assist.For example with reference to United States Patent(USP) No. 4,597,2613 and No.4,878,372.Yet this has increased the size and the weight of instrument, and this can make instrument be difficult to handle or the restriction getatability, thereby possibly endanger the accurate application that it drives securing member, and therefore endangers its last quality of installing.Therefore, there are the erecting tools of the fastening system that is used for formed type and the room for improvement of method.

High molding pressure load mainly is to use the result of fastener collars; For obtaining the required intensity of specific securing member Grade (for example Grade 5 and Grade 8), fastener collars has the wall thickness of increase and therefore is constructed to excessively be full of or excessively fill up lock slots.For example with reference to No. the 5th, 090,852, above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) (disclose the pin thread forms revised comprising shallow slot and fairshaped profile, and the axle collar has the wall thickness of increase, material excessively fills up this shallow slot fully, to obtain required shearing strength); Also referring to above-mentioned ' 755 patents and No. the 5th, 548,889, United States Patent (USP) and the 5th, 604, No. 968 (disclose a kind of shallow cotter way structure and axle collar bar, the volume of axle collar bar has at least 16% surplus of material, excessively to fill up groove).Excessively filling up of lock slots is problematic.It is the main source of the above-mentioned too high molding pressure load of not expecting.Therefore, carried out repeatedly attempting, through the variation of formed type anchor design, eliminating these shortcomings, and particularly high molding pressure load.

For example, incorporate into here, as the United States Patent (USP) the 6th that here proposes fully through reference; 233, No. 802 and the 6th, 497; Disclose a kind of be used for two, the fastening system of formed type securing member for No. 024, this securing member has wide, shallow lock slots thread forms, and the groove thread forms designs with when mounted; Allow securing member with than the securing member of the conventional moulded type of similar Grade more low molding pressure load install, and keep substantially the same physical attribute (tensile strength for example; The clamping load).More low molding pressure load allows advantageously to use littler, lighter erecting tools.This system is described as being applied to the securing member that has the securing member of pin tail and do not have the pin tail.As in above-mentioned ' 755 patents, for the mold pressing securing member of the stretching type with the dilatory portion of not cut screw thread, because need not break the disconnected required extra power of neck, so this invention is described as and helps being threaded in the dilatory portion still less.This be considered to (1) cause dilatory instrument coupling thread ring or nut member be engaged the littler stress on the screw thread, thereby prolonged life tools; (2) because need the littler dilatory groove that reduce number of pin projection, therefore allow to use shorter, more cheap pin promptly must firmly grasp; (3), therefore allow erecting tools littler and therefore lighter cheap with more because last installation needs the lower load that applies.This system also helps the use inner drive.For example referring to Figure 17 and 18 of ' 755 patents (shown inner drive, inner drive comprises dilatory bar of screw thread or the main shaft in the dilatory groove of the screwed hole that can be bonded in the pin rod end).As incorporating into here, as United States Patent (USP) ' 755 and the 5th, 548 that here propose fully through reference; No. 889, the 5th; Describe in 604, No. 968, use this inner drive to realize with respect to peripheral driver; Reducing of projection, this has realized more effective last installation of securing member and outward appearance again.

Yet as disclosed in above-mentioned ' 024 patent, in order to realize above-mentioned advantage, needing to change thread forms (for example lock slots structure) is wideer and more shallow structure.Though revising thread forms is the feasible selection that reduces molding pressure load; But disclosed thread forms is a kind of extremely acute variation in ' 024 patent; Require obviously bigger spacing or pitch and a plurality of different radiuses, in radius, have quite rapid and discontinuous transition (for example from a kind of radius to another kind of radius).Therefore, very difficulty and cost are very high to produce the pin with disclosed thread forms.In addition, when securing member was molded, the discontinuous transition in the radius of this thread forms had stoped by axle collar groove minimizing the joint of the complementation of this thread forms.Therefore, the further improved space that also has the thread forms of pin lock slots.

In addition, because too big hardness causes high molding pressure load, and too little hardness has not enough intensity, ' 802 with ' 024 patent in the axle collar of disclosed type have the acceptable hardness of utmost point close limit.For higher Grade securing member (for example, Grade 5 and above Grade), for the hardness that satisfies the industrial tensile strength requirement needs bolt and the axle collar all increases, this especially has problem.Therefore, the known axle collar must be heat-treated, and is soft with mold pressing with enough, and compatible with the thread forms of revising, but enough firm in again to meet industrial Grade standard.This has further increased cost and the complexity of making securing member.For example, two kinds of this heat treatment methods comprise: stress relief annealing and quenching and tempering; It is very expensive and under the situation of carburizing that axle collar surface is not expected or decarburization with tempering that the desired hardness of agreeing through stress relief annealing is difficult to realization and quenching, is difficult to realization.Two kinds of methods are all consuming time higher with cost, for example need the surcharge of furnace operating cost.

Therefore; High expectations provides the fastening system of a kind of high strength, low molding pressure load; This fastening system also demonstrates above-mentioned patent ' 519, ' 755, ' 802 except other attribute; With ' 024 in all advantages of disclosed low mold pressing securing member, but do not need the heat treatment of the axle collar high and consuming time of cost for example simultaneously.

Therefore, in the field of high strength, low molding pressure load fastening system, there is improved space.

Summary of the invention

One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of securing member of formed type, and it shows molding pressure load and the high-intensity optimum balance that reduces.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of securing member that uses like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, it need not (for example to quench and tempering through heat treatment; Stress relief annealing).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and have the high strength axle collar that reduces wall thickness, thereby correspondingly reduce weight and molding pressure load, keep intensity simultaneously.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar, and this axle collar has sufficient physical attribute (for example, hardness; Intensity), (for example, Grade 5 with the securing member Grade that meets the expectation; Grade 8).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of axle collar, and it can use with existing securing member and thread forms thereof, and (for example Grade 5 to show the desirable strength of expecting Grade simultaneously; Grade 8 (being not limited to this Grade)).

Another object of the present invention is to reduce to be provided with the required molding pressure load of securing member, thereby reduce wearing and tearing (the mold pressing anvil for example of erecting tools parts; The collar; Half shell (being not limited to above-mentioned parts)) and the increase instrument receive the order.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of securing member, it has eliminated heat treatment step (for example, the stress relief annealing of the costliness of fastener collars; Quench and tempering).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of axle collar, it can be used for the securing member of various formed types, and obviously including, but not limited to having pin tail and the securing member that does not have the pin tail, this securing member is the part of new securing member or the refreshable stock inventory of the axle collar.

Another object of the present invention is to increase the hardness of the axle collar,, keep or improve the intensity level of the axle collar, but reduce molding pressure load with through excessively not filling up the lock slots of fastener pin.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved securing member lock slots thread forms, and this form is designed for the shortcoming that overcomes known shallow or corrugated thread form.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lock slots thread forms, and the lock slots thread forms is configured to reduce molding pressure load, thereby is easier to simultaneously and manufacturing economically.

Another object of the present invention is to provide dilatory groove of complementation and the configuration of Tool grasper locking structure, and except other advantage, this device also provides following one or more advantages: improve dilatory groove and firmly grasp engaging between the structure; Thereby for example, prolong the promptly fatigue life of structure (the for example collar) through the diameter that reduces the dilatory section of pin and the thickness and the intensity that increase the dilatory screw thread of collar cross section increase; Less outstanding length with the dilatory portion of pin.

Therefore; General purpose of the present invention is to provide the securing member of a kind of improved, high strength, formed type and like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar; The securing member and the axle collar can utilize existing instrument; Install with the molding pressure load that reduces, and show the optimal material attribute (hardness for example of expectation securing member Grade; Intensity); Also be a kind of low molding pressure load fastening system is provided with general purpose of the present invention, comprise: like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, one or more in dilatory portion of improved pin and erecting tools structure and the good fastener threads form.

Utilization provides the present invention of low mold pressing fastening system and method to satisfy these purposes and other purpose.

In one embodiment of the invention, the securing member of this system can comprise the axle collar, has the hardness and the axle collar wall thickness that reduces that are fit to avoid excessively fill up the increase of lock slots.When comparing with the known fasteners of similar Grade, the very economic and mold pressing more easily of this axle collar production.This is because the axle collar of the present invention such as cold-heading axle collar ground use, thereby has eliminated heat treatment (for example, quenching and tempering; Stress relief annealing) requirement that cost is high.This axle collar need not made amendment to pin lock slots thread forms yet.Therefore, it can be easily uses with existing pin and erecting tools with various variable locking groove thread forms, and helps the life-span that the molding pressure load that reduces of its thin-walled prolongs erecting tools elongated and/or allow lighter weight instrument.The securing member of the present invention and the axle collar thereof show all aforementioned advantages, and the outstanding and beyond thought high strength ability that is enough to satisfy Grade 5 and Grade 8 industrial fastener standards also is provided simultaneously.

Therefore, low molding pressure load fastening system is used for the formed type securing member, and this securing member is configured to a plurality of workpiece are fixed together.This formed type securing member comprises the pin parts, the elongated pin rod that the pin parts have the aligned that is fit to be arranged in workpiece.One end of these pin parts ends at the enlarged head on the surface that is fit to engage one side, and ends at the apparent surface's of the opposite side that is fit to extend beyond workpiece fluting portion in end opposite.The fluting portion of this pin comprises sticking department, and sticking department has the definite a plurality of lock slots and the relevant shoulder that ends at the pin crest of cotter way that extended by circumference.

This securing member can not selected with having the group of selling tail securing member composition from comprising pin tail securing member.The fluting portion of the pin of securing member does not have the pin tail, and comprises the internal whorl hole, and wherein: erecting tools comprises and being configured to during the securing member mold pressing, engages the inner drive of internal holes with engage thread.

In another embodiment of the present invention, low molding pressure load fastening system comprises: pin, have straight basically dilatory portion, and dilatory portion extends and comprises a plurality of dilatory grooves from second end of pin.Should draw the external diameter of the external diameter of portion less than the sticking department of pin.Relevant erecting tools has chuck, and chuck has the dilatory parts of the dilatory groove that is used for complementally engaging dilatory portion.The projection length of the end of dilatory portion self-marketing is shorter.Therefore, dilatory portion can remain on after the mold pressing on the pin, maybe can be removed through the fracture that it is shaved off or be arranged on alternatively the cut-off neck slot on the pin.The diameter that reduces that should draw portion allows erecting tools thicker bigger with intensity.The straight characteristic of dilatory portion provides the good zygosity by erecting tools.

First tooth of the dilatory parts of erecting tools can have the diameter bigger than the residue dental transition of instrument, and this has prolonged life tools.This instrument can further be modified, and through comprising less molding pressure load, molding pressure load is further reduced.

In another embodiment of low molding pressure load fastening system, this holding pin can comprise the thread forms of being confirmed by a plurality of mixing radiuses, between each radius of the groove of thread forms, has level and smooth basically transition.Thereby improved when its mold pressing, by the joint of the axle collar to groove.This thread forms has been eliminated the complexity of the thread rolling die that is used for roll threading.

In aspect another of disclosure content of the present invention, the low molding pressure load fastening system that a kind of structure is used with the formed type securing member that a plurality of workpiece are fixed together is proposed.This formed type securing member comprises the pin parts, the elongated pin rod that the pin parts have the aligned that is fit to be arranged in workpiece.One end of these pin parts ends at the enlarged head on the surface that is fit to engage one side, and end opposite ends at the apparent surface's of the opposite side that is fit to extend beyond workpiece fluting portion.

This fluting portion comprises sticking department, and sticking department has the definite a plurality of lock slots and the relevant shoulder that ends at the pin crest of cotter way that extended by circumference.

Erecting tools comprises anvil (anvil) parts with mould pressing cavity.A kind of axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar is provided; Comprise straight substantially axle collar bar; Axle collar bar is fit to response by relative shaft orientation force or molding pressure load that said erecting tools applies between the said pin parts and the said axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar, be molded in the said lock slots on the said pin parts.

Fastening joint is confirmed in the clamping load of the expectation amplitude on the workpiece that tightens together.The mould pressing cavity of this erecting tools is configured to engage said axle collar bar and the radially inside said axle collar bar of mold pressing.Should as the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar when mold pressing, have axle collar groove and shoulder, axle collar groove and shoulder and said cotter way and take on interlocking.These pin parts and the said axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar adopt the different materials of the anti-shearing stress intensity of the limit with different amplitudes, so that when the said axle collar being molded into said pin parts, avoid the surrender of said pin parts basically.

This chuck has the projection from said chuck, and projection is along the length of extending dilatory parts towards the direction of the axle collar, thus the contact area of increase and said anvil.

Should as axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar do not need heat treatment, and have the wall thickness of relative thin, thereby reduced molding pressure load said axle collar needs like the cold-heading axle collar like the straight axle collar bar of cardinal principle of the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar.

This projection before the front end screw thread of chuck with near the smooth circular surface of formation; And be before flat surfaces, to form the angled forward surface of circle then; And form the flat surfaces of second flat surfaces and inclination, the flat surfaces of second flat surfaces and inclination arrives the cross spider with the external diameter of chuck backward.

End that should dilatory parts does not press to the bottom diametrical position in line with groove, thereby increases the shear strength of the dilatory crest in end of dilatory parts.

In different aspect of the present invention, the last dilatory crest of dilatory parts has with the expansion tugger radius of the last tooth of chuck and conforms to or consistent profile.

All aforementioned low molding pressure load mechanisms can use separately or use with any suitable combination.The method that also discloses a kind of formed type securing member and used aforementioned low molding pressure load system that a plurality of workpiece are fixed together.

Description of drawings

When combining accompanying drawing through reading following description to preferred embodiment, can understand the present invention fully, wherein:

Fig. 1 is when on the securing member that uses the formed type with the pin that comprises the removable pin tail; According to the low molding pressure load fastening system of the embodiment of the invention extremely like the part cross-sectional view strength of the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar; Wherein: securing member is shown as before by the erecting tools mold pressing, passes two mating holes in the workpiece and is inserted into;

Fig. 2 is when on the securing member that uses the formed type that is not having the pin tail, the cross-sectional view strength of low molding pressure load fastening system and Fig. 1 like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, wherein: shown securing member after by the erecting tools mold pressing so that two workpiece are fixed together;

Fig. 3 is according to another embodiment of the present invention, before by erecting tools mold pressing with inner drive, and when on the securing member that uses the formed type that is not having the pin tail, the cross-sectional view strength of low molding pressure load fastening system and Fig. 1 like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar;

Fig. 4 is the vertical view of the prior art axle collar used of the securing member of formed type, and wherein: the endoporus of the axle collar is shown by dotted line;

Fig. 5 is the isometric view like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar that reduces Fig. 1-3 of wall thickness according to having of the embodiment of the invention, and wherein: simple in order to explain, a part of axle collar is excised;

Fig. 6 A, 6B and 6C are respectively the cross section example views with mold pressing securing member of waveform, dark and hybrid locking groove thread forms;

Fig. 7 is according to the improvement fastener pin of the embodiment of the invention dilatory portion and erecting tools structure and uses the dilatory portion of improved pin to be used for the cross-sectional view strength of four continuous installation procedures of mold pressing fastener collars;

Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view strength of end of chuck that is used for the erecting tools of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the view profile of the anvil parts of Fig. 7.

Figure 10 is according to dilatory portion of the improvement fastener pin of the embodiment of the invention and erecting tools structure, and uses different chucks to adopt improved pin to draw the cross-sectional view strength that portion is used for four continuous installation procedures of mold pressing fastener collars; And

Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view strength of end of different chucks that is used for the erecting tools of Figure 10.

The specific embodiment

The direction phrase such as upper and lower, forward and backward etc. that here uses relates to the orientation of the element shown in the figure and is not the restriction claim.

As use a technical term here " number " refers to one or surpass one (for example, a plurality of).

Such as here use, term " like the cold-heading axle collar (as-headed) " for example refers to from cold working, through the axle collar of strain hardening, rather than uses hot-working (for example, to quench and tempering; Stress relief annealing) change hardness.The axle collar of the present invention demonstrates high strength (for example Grade 5 or 8 intensity), and does not require heat treatment.

As here use, phrase " low molding pressure load " is used for the purpose of comparison, with describe with the known fasteners of similar Grade relatively, the characteristic of fastening system of the present invention is (for example, like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar; Reduce the dilatory portion of diameter pin tail; The thread forms of revising) reducing of the required molding pressure load that provides.The representative instance of this molding pressure load low or that reduce is quantification in the table neutralization is open accordingly.

Similarly, as used herein, phrase " wall thickness that reduces " is used for the purpose of comparison, compares the thinner wall construction of the axle collar of the present invention with the axle collar of the known fasteners of similar Grade with description.For example, the wall thickness of the typical axle collar has the thickness that reduces, and has quantity of material still less, thereby is constructed to excessively not fill up lock slots, and this is different from many known securing members.

As used herein, term " dilatory portion " refers to the dilatory portion of exemplary pin and the dilatory parts of the complementary erecting tools that is used for the dilatory portion of double pointed nail of fastener pin.As will here discuss; Typical dilatory portion structure comprises straight basically, swedged, the dilatory portion of parallel sides; Dilatory portion and the United States Patent (USP) the 4th that for example adds here; The dilatory portion of 299,519 convergent, acorn nut shape compares with complementary tool component, from the outstanding still less distance in end of the locking slot part of pin.

As used herein, phrase " thread forms " refers to that typical case of the present invention improves pin lock slots thread forms.This novelty thread forms is a kind of mixing, because: except other new feature, thread forms partly is the mixing of some characteristics of multiple thread forms.Yet, should be realized that: develop typical blended thread form to realize being attributable to this associated advantages, need test in a large number and test.

Though the instance of securing member of the present invention is described with specific concrete size, i.e. nominal diameter, design of the present invention can easily extend to wide variety of sizes (for example, diameter; Length) securing member.

Shown in Fig. 1-3 and 7, the present invention relates to the securing member of multi-part (for example, the pin and the axle collar) formed type, such as for example incorporating the securing member of describing and showing in patent in front ' 024 here into through reference.At Fig. 1-3,6B is among the 6C and 7; In each figure, the numbering of similar fasteners parts is identical, but comprises letter " a " (Fig. 2); " b " (Fig. 3); The difference indication of " c " (Fig. 6 B) and " d " (Fig. 6 C and 7), only and if describe in addition, the similar fasteners parts can be considered to substantially the same.First characteristic of typical case's low molding pressure load fastening system 50 shows use respectively at Fig. 1 like the axle collar 14 of the cold-heading axle collar, 2 and 3, and 6B, 6C and 7 securing member 10,10a, 10b is on each of 10c and 10d.

Fig. 1 has shown securing member 10 of the present invention, securing member 10 comprise pin parts 12 with pin tail 41 and as the cold-heading axle collar, the low molding pressure load axle collar 14.These pin parts 12 have elongate rod 15, and elongate rod 15 extend past respectively will be fixed on aligned or hole 16 and 17 in a pair of workpiece 18,20 together.At the amplification at an end place of bar 15, the back side 23 of outstanding 22 engage 18.This bar 14 has approaching 22 straight, level and smooth cylindrical bar portion 24, and bar portion 24 is fit to be contained in the hole 16 and 17 of aligning with matched in clearance.Yet should be realized that: in some devices, straight-bar portion 24 can be determined size so that close tolerance or the interference fit with one or two hole 16 and 17 to be provided.25 contiguous straight-bar portions 24 and whole of securing rod portion with 24 one-tenth in straight-bar portion, and have a plurality of circumference extensions, annular lock groove 26.

As noted earlier, the securing member 10 of Fig. 1 comprises the pin tail or drags rod section 41 that selling tail or dragging rod section 41 to have then is the straight annulus 42 of the dilatory groove 44 of a plurality of annulars.Have reduce the root diameter cut-off neck slot 40 between the annulus 42 of sticking department 25 and dilatory portion 41, and confirmed the weak part on the bearing pin bar 15.Diameter Db with respect to the crest 71 of the lock slots 26 of sticking department 25 comprises that the dilatory portion 41 of district 42 and dilatory groove 44 has the diameter Da that reduces.The diameter Db also diameter with straight-bar portion 24 is identical.Yet should be realized that: in the application that relates to the close tolerance (close tolerance) of hole 16 and 17 or slight interference fit (not shown), the crest 71 of lock slots 26 will have the diameter (not shown) littler than the diameter of straight-bar portion 24.The erecting tools 100 that should dilatory groove 44 be fit to be used to be provided with securing member 10 by the mode that shows in above-mentioned ' 024 patent and describe promptly.

(for example mold pressing) axle collar 14 required instruments 100 are installed can construct with mode known in the art substantially, and is simple purpose therefore, only partly shows.In a word, instrument 100 has head assembly 102, and head assembly 102 has on a plurality of circumference of the dilatory groove 44 that is fit to promptly to drag rod section 41 pawl 104 at interval.Pawl 104 is arranged in the tubulose chuck component 106 that is supported on anvil shell 108 slidably, and anvil shell 108 1 ends end in the mold pressing anvil parts 110 with mold pressing cavity 112.Utilize pawl follow-on subassembly 116 (in Fig. 1 partly show), this pawl 104 usually in circular cone track 114 by the radial closure position of elastic shaft shown in be pushed forward to.Yet; Also will recognize:, utilize typical low molding pressure load fastening system 50 can design structure and other mounting structure that is fit to beyond the method (for example referring to the dilatory portion 177 of the swedged pin tail of Fig. 7-9) and the method that shows and describe about Fig. 1-3 here like what discuss.

Fig. 2 and 3 has shown the no pin tail securing member 10a that is used in two kinds of exemplary variation, the typical axle collar 14 that 10b is last respectively.This figure has also shown the mode that the typical axle collar 14 can utilize known widely erecting tools to use easily.For example, Fig. 2 has shown erecting tools 200, and erecting tools 200 comprises the peripheral driver 202 with internal thread hole 204 and induction rod 206.This erecting tools 200 also incorporating into here ' describes in detail in 024 patent.In brief, peripheral driver 202 engaging groove 26a, and drive mold pressing anvil 210 or on mold pressing anvil 210, apply relative shaft orientation force, so that it holds the axle collar 14 in mould pressing cavity 212, and along with workpiece 18a and 20a are secured together, the mold pressing axle collar 14.

Fig. 3 has shown the typical axle collar 14 that the no pin tail securing member 10b with another kind of type uses.This pin rod 15b comprises the internal thread hole 77 that is fit to erecting tools 300 uses, and this erecting tools 300 comprises the inner drive 306 with drive rod 302, and drive rod 302 has the screw thread 304 corresponding to the screw thread of internal holes 77.This erecting tools also shows in ' 024 patent and describes.In a word, the inner drive 306 of erecting tools 300 engages the endoporus 77 of pin rod 15b, and mold pressing anvil 310 is pulled to the axle collar 14, so that it holds and mold pressing in mold pressing cavity 312.

Correspondingly; Should be realized that: the low molding pressure load axle collar 14 like the cold-heading axle collar of the present invention can use with various securing members and instrument thereof; Comprise: pin tail and the securing member that does not have pin tail type; This securing member has traditional annular or twist-lock groove thread forms, describes with the modification thread forms that in Fig. 2-3, shows with the invention that combines above-mentioned ' 024 patent and compares, and this lock slots thread forms has darker and narrower groove or spacing that reduces or pitch.This is tangible improvement, as will briefly discussing, though ' structure of the securing member of 024 patent causes required molding pressure load to be reduced to tractable amplitude; But in order so to do; It needs big about-face thread forms, and needs the axle collar through heat treatment (for example, quenching and tempering; Stress relief annealing) to obtain required material properties (for example intensity).Though the axle collar 14 of the present invention utilizes the securing member of thread forms of aforementioned modifications applicable, the axle collar 14 of the present invention (for example referring to Fig. 2-3) also can be easily use with the securing member of the more traditional or conventional thread forms with narrower and darker lock slots.Referring to the Fig. 7 in ' 024 patent and 7A and disclosing of following.As will discuss here, the axle collar 14 of the typical as cold-heading axle collar also can be easily with improvement blended thread form 26d (Fig. 6) use of typical fastening system 50 of the present invention.

With reference to Figure 4 and 5, the known prior art axle collar (for example 14) compares with the typical axle collar 14 of the present invention.This axle collar 14 ' comprise having cylindrical bar 61 ' the optional diameter flange 59 of amplification ' with through hole 65 '.This axle collar bar 61 ' have is the even column structure of cardinal principle of uniform wall thickness t ' substantially.This axle collar 14 ' have straight-bar portion 69 ', straight-bar portion 69 ' outer end end at the bar portion 67 that radially outward launches ', also have substantially thickness t '.

The similar typical axle collar 14 of the present invention (Fig. 1-3,5 and 7) is before being molded; The axle collar 14 ' be fit to be arranged on the pin rod 15 (for example referring to Fig. 1); And be pulled under the situation together the axle collar bar 61 ' (Fig. 1) of the axle collar 14 ' will have and lock slots 26 radial at workpiece 18,20 (Fig. 1).Simultaneously, flange 59 ' will engage with the outer surface 73 of workpiece 20.Workpiece 18 and 20 has combination thickness t1 (Fig. 1), and combination thickness t1 has confirmed the nominal grip or the fixed thickness of securing member (for example 10).Yet should be realized that: securing member 10 can use in predetermined grip or fixed thickness scope, from having change of workpiece less than the minimum total thickness of t1 (not shown) to the maximum aggregate thickness greater than the t1 (not shown).

As through with reference to incorporating into here ' discuss in 024 patent, the d-axis annular distance portion 69 through reducing homogeneous diameter ' with the crest 71 (for example referring to Fig. 1) of lock slots 26 between the gap, make the required load to axial minimum of mold pressing axle collar bar 61.In the invention of ' 024 patent, it is half that this radial clearance radially is reduced to the pact of radial clearance of traditional lock(ing) bolt significantly.For example referring to Fig. 7 (thread forms that has shown the securing member of typical formed type) of ' 024 patent.Because by the tight radial clearance that minimum diameter ID ' provides, external diameter OD ' can be reduced to the required thickness t of volume that expectation is provided '.Therefore; Like what in ' 024 patent, discuss; Inner diameter, ID ' with external diameter OD ' be selected with provide axle collar bar 61 ' expectation wall thickness t ', cause the desired amount of volume required and the lock slots filling of the axle collar material that mold pressing uses, provide the expectation of molding pressure load to reduce simultaneously.

Yet; Like Fig. 4 A of ' 024 patent, 7A is shown in 8A and the 9A; With follow open in discussion; This securing member and the axle collar 14 thereof ' improved thread forms of needs is to comprise lock slots 26, lock slots 26 wideer and cardinal principles more shallow (with Fig. 4 A of ' 024 patent, 8A compares with the prior art securing member of Fig. 7 A with the improved groove structure shown in the 9A).In addition, though improved fastener threads form helps to overcome above-mentioned high molding pressure load, it also need the high axle collar of cost 14 ' heat treatment, to keep required material properties (for example intensity).

Correspondingly, consider aforementioned known the attempting that improves the formed type anchor design, be easy to recognize: exist in the fastener areas the economy that shows the optimum balance between low molding pressure load and the high strength, the long-term expectation of high Grade securing member are provided.Though above-mentioned securing member has satisfied the purpose that reduces molding pressure load basically, they only can be accomplished through use cost high axle collar heat treatment and the modification of double thread form so far.Overcome in the mode of these shortcomings at low mold pressing fastening system 50 of the present invention; Through being provided, realizes the above-mentioned improved axle collar 14; The axle collar 14 can be easily uses with multiple existing securing member and thread forms thereof, and can use like cold-heading axle collar ground, does not require heat treatment; Still showed simultaneously high Grade (for example Grade 5 and Grade 8) material properties (for example, intensity (nonrestrictive)).Therefore, this axle collar 14 can be used as improved individual components or alternatively with the low molded features combination of other of typical fastening system 50, use with existing securing member with reviewing.

Fig. 5 has shown the typical case like the r of the cold-heading axle collar, the more detailed isometric view of the low molding pressure load axle collar 14, the axle collar 14 be shown as respectively with Fig. 1-3 and 7 in securing member 10,10a, 10b, 10c, 10d uses together.The part axle collar 14 by excision with show the axle collar 14 typically reduce wall thickness t (for example with the axle collar 14 of Fig. 4 ' thickness t ' comparison).Therefore, for the securing member of similar Grade, the axle collar 14 of the present invention will have being substantially equal to or be equivalent to the inner diameter, ID (Fig. 1) of the D outer diameter b of lock slots crest 71, be similar to the axle collar 14 of Fig. 4 ' ID '.Yet, the external diameter OD of the typical axle collar 14 less than the prior art axle collar 14 ' OD ', thereby cause axle collar bar 61 typically reduce wall thickness t.As will here discuss in more detail, reduce material that wall thickness t causes less amount be molded into lock slots (for example be respectively Fig. 1-3,6B, 6C and 7 26,26a, 26b, 26c, 26d).In conjunction with the increase hardness of the typical axle collar 14, this cause lock slots (for example 26,26a, 26b, 26c 26d) is not excessively filled up, this is directly opposite with the design of many prior art axle collars.In addition, through reducing axle collar ID, with during engaging lock slots, there is littler axle collar travel distance in mold pressing.Because the axle collar has the littler gap with the external diameter of the crest of prior art, therefore axle collar mold pressing of the present invention is being got into the littler molding pressure load of cost in the lock slots.In prior art lock(ing) bolt system, bigger gap is provided between the external diameter of the axle collar and crest, makes that bigger molding pressure load puts on the axle collar, with before being molded into lock slots, makes its mold pressing pass air.The wall thickness t that this reduces excessively do not fill up locking layer 26,26a, and 26b, 26c and 26d, and the gap that reduces between the external diameter of the crest of the axle collar and lock(ing) bolt has reduced the required load to axial of the typical axle collar of mold pressing 14.

Correspondingly, the present invention adopts the similar purpose more more economical than known prior art, that improved procedure has realized reducing molding pressure load.For example be to be appreciated that with the axle collar 14 ' wall thickness t ' compare; (for example 1/2 inch of the difference accurately of the wall thickness t of typical case's axle collar 14 or the size that decrease will depend in part in question specific securing member; 5/8 inch, 3/4 inch (without limitation)).For example, have between a pair of 3/4 inch securing member of similar Grade, the difference of axle collar wall thickness is bigger with the difference of axle collar wall thickness between a pair of 1/4 inch securing member of possibility ratio such as similar Grade.The instance of the effect that reduces thickness t of axle collar bar 61 of the present invention and the typical number of this thickness will further specify through the discussion of following instance and be familiar with.Instance explained and a plurality of result of experiment of carrying out has been discussed, in order to assess the wall thickness t that reduces axle collar axle 61 to like the effect cold-heading axle collar, high strength 14 and securing member (for example, 10,10a, 10b, 10c and 10d).Following instance is provided for further specifying and improves and unrestricted the present invention.

Instance 1

The axle collar that the purpose of first experiment is to confirm to be fabricated to the HS5CF-R12 size whether can by with like the use of cold-heading axle collar ground to satisfy Grade 8 values.The HS5CF-R12 securing member is the Huck International by Texas, USA Wei Ke city, the securing member of commercial available Grade 5 formed types that Inc. makes.

Experiment relates to testing standard quenches with external diameter (OD), hardness, molding pressure load, the tensile strength of tempering Grade 8 axle collars and preloads, and with Grade 5 axle collars comparison like the cold-heading axle collar.This result such as following table 1 expression quantity.

Table 1:Grade 5 is like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar

As shown in table 1, two axle collars " A " and " B " have the molding pressure load than the current standard HS8CF-R12 axle collar low 18%, and all satisfy minimum industrial tensile strength and the preload requirement of Grade 5.Experiment discloses: like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, the axle collar " A " has two outstanding advantages than the axle collar " B ":

1) axle collar " A " does not need heat treatment operation (for example, quenching and tempering; Stress relief annealing), and therefore, can not carry out other step to axle collar cleaning or decarburization yet; With

2) axle collar " A " has the obvious higher preload surplus that surpasses minimum commercial size than the axle collar " B ".

Though the axle collar " A " does not have fully and current standard Grade 5 same high actual tensile strength and preloads, it has obviously (18%) lower molding pressure load.Correspondingly, test confirms: according to the present invention, can obtain the molding pressure load (18%) that reduces economically thereby have the axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar that reduces OD and reduce wall thickness, show optimum material properties simultaneously.

Instance 2

Second experiment arises from the mode of expectation exploiting economy, with the life-span of improvement security tool and to reduce to make the cost of Grade 8 axle collars.Particularly, the target of experiment is to confirm thin-walled more, whether can increases stop load (snub load) like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, reduces molding pressure load and maintenance and standard quenching tensile strength and the preload identical with the tempering axle collar.The stop load is the axle collar 14 initial double pointed nail lock slots 26,26a, 26b, 26c, the load of 26d.After this moment, because the axle collar 14 is stuck in pin 12,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d is last, and (for example, workpiece 18,20 for plate; 18a, 20a; 18b, 20b; 18c, 20c) gap is pulled out limited.If keep the gap in stop (snub) back, clamping force is reduced, because replace the pin 12 that stretches, and 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, axle collar elongation becomes disappears the gap.

The HSCF-R20 that is processed by identical processing sequence and raw material (50KSI tensile strength) is divided into 4 groups.The HS5CF-R20 axle collar is the HuckInternational by Texas, USA Wei Ke city, the commercial available axle collar that Inc. makes.

Group 1 is the control group and handles (for example through quenching and tempering) in a conventional manner.Axle collar OD is 1.009 ".

Group 2 be as the cold-heading axle collar and have and be reduced to 1.000 " axle collar OD.

Group 3 be as the cold-heading axle collar and have and be reduced to 0.995 " axle collar OD.

Group 4 be as the cold-heading axle collar and have and be reduced to 0.990 " axle collar OD.

All axle collars are through spraying clean or blast cleaning, and wax to have identical surface texturisation and lubricant.In addition, the identical processing sequence of pin is used to all experiments, and identical erecting tools and identical tester are too.Carry out three times to every group and test, to obtain stop load, molding pressure load, each kind in preload and the tensile strength.For simplifying report, in table 2, only reported the mean value of experiment here.

Table 2: the axle collar of the thin-walled such as the cold-heading axle collar

The axle collar OD tolerance limit or the margin of tolerance that are used for the standard axle collar are 1.006 " to 1.012 ".The axle collar to like the cold-heading axle collar uses same tolerances, and admissible axle collar OD scope is between about 0.995 " to 1.001 ".As shown in, the OD value scope in the table 2 is from about 0.990 " to 1.009 ", and can be as minimum of a value and maximum.1.000 therefore, the mean value of " with 0.995 " can be directly and 1.009 " nominal value comparisons.

Result as from table 2 quantification shows, the following advantage of the be above standard quenching and the tempering axle collar is provided like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar:

1. improved mechanical values: increase by about 44% stop ((gap pullout) pulled out in the gap) load, reduce by about 11% molding pressure load, increase about 5% tensile strength and identical preload.For two types the axle collar, preload surpasses 7% approximately than minimum commercial size, but when using as during the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, tensile strength surpasses minimum gauge about 3% and arrives above minimum gauge about 9%.Should as the reducing of the erecting tools pressure of also providing of the cold-heading axle collar about 10% to 20%, this is to cause reducing tool wear, more accessible, the more small tool and the extremely tangible advantage of light weight instrument more.

2. improve the quality: when the axle collar does not quench with tempering, eliminated surface and decarburization problem.In addition, because be maintained at about in the hardness range of 10Rb like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, it is identical that the uniformity of hardness keeps.If hardness is near the minimum Grade specification of Rb 68, some quench and the tempering axle collar also possibly not satisfy the tensile strength requirement.Like the increase hardness of the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar, this is not a problem for typically.

3. reduce cost: through eliminating heat treatment and relevant therewith sandblast cleaning, reduced manufacturing cost like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar.In addition; Can be used for producing the typical case is generally used for producing the axle collar like the hot rolling AISI 1006 lines replacement of the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar annealing AISI 1010 steel wires through utilization; Because it can with the same amount work hardening substantially of annealing AISI 1010 steel wires, can reduce the raw-material cost of the axle collar.The axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar can be by non-annealing or the manufacturing of annealing mild steel.It is also unannealed, and therefore, not expensive.

4. reduce the time of delivery: cancellation heat treatment has been practiced thrift with relevant therewith inspection and had been made in two or three days the required time of axle collar typical case.

Correspondingly, the result of instance 2 also confirms to use the advantage according to the axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar of the present invention.In addition, when combining instance 1 to watch, clearly: the securing member of the present invention and the axle collar thereof have parts (for example, the anvil that reduces erecting tools; Sleeve pipe) thus the ability of abrasion and increase life tools.Though it is because typical harder like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar; The anvil wearing and tearing will be expected to increase; But find through the present invention: thereby owing to reduced the OD of the typical axle collar 14 and reduced the wall thickness t of the typical axle collar 14 and the result that conduct reduces the required pressure of instrument; Increased the cover tube lifetime, in fact the anvil wearing and tearing can obviously not change.

Instance 3

For preceding two result of experiment, experiment has for the third time also been tested increases the effect that axle collar hardness reduces axle collar wall thickness simultaneously, to attempt to find out the optimum balance of high strength and low molding pressure load in addition.The gap is pulled out and is caused being less than optimum clamping force at joint.Yet,, increase axle collar hardness and also increased the molding pressure that the axle collar is installed as in instance 2, confirming.Compare with stop (pull out in the gap) load, reduce axle collar wall thickness and disproportionately reduced molding pressure more.Correspondingly; In conjunction with the discovery of previous experiments, increase reducing of axle collar hardness and axle collar wall thickness through balance, to keep identical tensile strength and preload; And increase stop load; Reduce molding pressure load simultaneously, thereby improve the erecting tools life-span, this experiment expectation overcomes the known fasteners design limitations.The order purpose of this experiment also is to realize aforementioned content, need not change standard pin or erecting tools, to remain on the potential change to the new axle collar of following simple as far as possible and cost-effective.

For uniformity, in whole test, use the identical processing sequence of the axle collar.Through with 0.010 " increment processing reduce axle collar OD, reduce axle collar wall thickness.Stop load, molding pressure load, demoulding load (ejection load), preload and tensile strength are examined and are used for the optimum wall thickness degree.As recognizing from instance 1 and 2, the most consistent mode that obviously improves axle collar hardness makes the axle collar such as the cold-heading axle collar, and this provides the clean hardness increase between about 20-25Rb point.In case optimum axle collar wall thickness is determined, identical experiment be with the standard pin with combine ' 024 patent compares at the pin of the type of describing before this, the latter has been heated and has handled identical hardness and pin fracture strength (pinbreak).This is carried out to confirm the effect of lock slots form.All experiments use the standard test process on the product experimental facilities, to carry out.

In order to simplify report and, only to have reported mean value to three tests of every kind of condition because have not obvious variation between the experiment.Here, table 3 has shown when the pin with the standard thread form uses, the result of the axle collar wall thickness that the typical case reduces.

Table 3: the axle collar wall thickness standard thread form that reduces

As can calculate 0.975 from table 3 " calculating such as the hard axle collar OD of the cold-heading axle collar will provide clamping force and the tensile strength values identical with the current standard axle collar, but that the stop load will increase will be about 54%, and molding pressure load will reduce about 6%.These results have also confirmed securing member of the present invention and like the attribute cold-heading axle collar, thin-walled, the low molding pressure load axle collar.

From the stop of (type of for example discussing with reference to the Fig. 7 of ' 024 patent and 7A) standard lock slots of this group, clamping and tensile strength data verification first group of data in the table 3.Replace initial 6% to reduce, molding pressure load is lower by 1 than the molding pressure load of prediction approximately, 300lb, or about 12% reduce.Because the lock slots thread forms, there is not tangible difference in value.With compare with master screw lock slots thread forms and the quenching molding pressure load related with the tempering axle collar, exist combine with the axle collar of hard, the thin-walled such as the cold-heading axle collar and with the reducing of remarkable (about 40%) of the related molding pressure load of the hybrid locking groove of modification.

In a word, experimental verification: through using the axle collar, can as one man increase hardness, and, can reduce axle collar wall thickness because hoop strength is increased by this higher hardness like the cold-heading axle collar.The OD that reduces the axle collar is to about 0.975 " can not produce change to actual preload or tensile strength values, but it to be about 50% to increase the gap stagger, and to reduce molding pressure load about 10%.It is wear-resistant about 40% that the increase hardness that about 20Rb is ordered has also increased the calculating of the axle collar, and pin or mold pressing anvil need not to change, with the axle collar of the mold pressing such as the cold-heading axle collar.Therefore; The securing member of fastening system 50 not only of the present invention and the axle collar thereof have represented optimum physical attribute, low molding pressure load and business efficiency, and the axle collar 14 also can be easily with a large amount of existing fastener pin and thread forms is used and use with improvement blended thread form 26d of the present invention (Fig. 6 C).

What expect is: pin 12, and 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d (Fig. 1-3,6B, 6C and 7) is enough hard with respect to the hardness of the axle collar 14, damages by pressure in stretching and the constriction or excessively surrender owing to the compression mold pressing loads on inhibition.Therefore, in a kind of form of invention, for example for Grade 5 type fastener; Pin 12; 12a, 12b, 12c; 12d can be processed by AISI 1038 steel or AISI 1541 steel or other similar material that is used for identical Grade, and this material has at about Rc24 to hardness between about Rc35 and the ultimate tensile strength of 120KSI at least.Typically, traditional axle collar that this securing member is used (for example 14 ') is processed by AISI 1010 carbon steels, and AISI 1010 carbon steels must be heat-treated to about Rb65 between the Rb85 and at least about the ultimate tensile strength of 60KSI.

Yet like preceding discussion, the typical axle collar 14 is for example processed by AISI 1006 steel or any annealing or unannealed low-carbon steel material that other is fit to.AISI 1006 steel are not annealed.Unannealed steel wire so-called " green " silk, not really expensive, thus make the typical axle collar 14 produce more economically.This pin 12,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d have sufficient hardness with the height stretching preload of acceptance expectation and the molding pressure load on the axle collar 14, basically can be crooked.In addition, the similar axle collar of for example in ' 024 patent, discussing, the axle collar 14 can be coated with the conventional lubricant such as water-soluble Tissuemat E (polyethelene wax) or cetyl alcohol (cetyl alcohol).This axle collar 14 can also be zinc-plated.This helps molding pressure load is remained on the low-level of expectation and makes mould pressing cavity 112,212, and 312,412 wearing and tearing are minimum.Therefore, as showing that through instance 1-3 the bar 61 (Fig. 5) of the axle collar 14 disposes sufficient wall thickness t; And therefore dispose sufficient volume; With guarantee enough axle collar materials will be in elongation axially motion, but simultaneously, it will have full intensity; So that along with reaching the tension loading that designs on the joint, shoulder 60 (Fig. 1) that during mold pressing, forms and axle collar shoulder keep combining fully basically.About this point; Securing member for larger diameter; The required wall thickness t (Fig. 5) of typical axle collar bar 61 will increase slightly, and for the securing member of minor diameter more, will reduce slightly; Keep the enough thin advantage that discloses through the present invention with demonstration simultaneously, and thinner than the known prior art axle collar of similar size and Grade.Table 4 is through known quenching and the tempering axle collar 14 ' and of the present invention like the comparison between the axle collar 14 of the cold-heading axle collar; Further summed up the improvement of the axle collar 4, the axle collar and known Grade 5 and Grade 8 securing members 10,10a; 10b; 10c, 10d use together and with improved Grade of typical low molding pressure load fastening system 50 5 and Grade 8 securing member 10c, 10d (Fig. 6 and 7) uses together.Multiple axle collar size is shown, is used for 1/2 inch of three kinds of different nominal securing member size, 5/8 inch and 1/4 inch.For the securing member of first two type, existing quench with the tempering axle collar 14 ' axle collar size at first illustrate, the value indentation of the axle collar 14 of the of the present invention as cold-heading axle collar also illustrates to the right with squinting.Only the axle collar value like the cold-heading axle collar is shown as the Grade 5 and Grade 8 securing members that is used to be designated " next generation ".These securing members use typical hybrid thread forms 126 of the present invention (Fig. 6 C), and it will here be discussed.

Table 4: axle collar size relatively

As shown in table 4, have been found that and utilize the axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar of the present invention: like the ratio of the OD of the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar and ID for approximately: (i) 1.491, for existing 5/8 inch Grade 5 securing member; (ii) 1.540, for existing 5/8 inch Grade 8 securing member; (iii) 1.481, for 5/8 inch Grade 5 securing member of future generation; (IV) 1.502, for 5/8 inch Grade 8 securing member of future generation.The suitable scope of the OD of the axle collar of the present invention and the ratio of ID possibly or fall into any other scope of this scope about 1.47 to 1.55.The purpose of book for the purpose of simplifying the description, the other exemplary embodiments of scope is also unlisted.Utilize prior art to quench and the tempering axle collar, find: the OD of the axle collar and the ratio of ID are about (i) 1.509, for 5/8 inch Grade 5 securing member; (ii) 1.557, for 5/8 inch Grade 8 securing member.

The reducing of molding pressure load allows erecting tools (for example, to see 100,200,300 of Fig. 1-3 respectively; Also referring to the erecting tools 400 of Fig. 7-9) the reducing of size, compare with the weight of traditional erecting tools, cause corresponding weight to reduce up to 40%.For example referring to above-mentioned ' 024 patent (discuss with the instrument 148 of wherein Fig. 7 and compare, instrument weight reduce).

Many securing members that consideration can be used with the axle collar of the present invention 14 (for example 10; 10a, 10b, 10c; 10d) have dilatory portion and/or the pin tail that reduces size and/or length; When preparing when at first it being installed to workpiece in advance, can to expect to be provided for keeping selling and axle collar mechanism together in the installation.Therefore, the axle collar can dispose pliable and tough pre-assembled protrusion 90 (Fig. 5) alternatively.For example referring to United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 813, No. 834.If use the assembling protrusion, the structure of optional assembling protrusion 90 and operation will with above-mentioned ' 834 patents in disclosed very identical, thereby this open through with reference to incorporating into here, as proposition fully here.Briefly, assembling protrusion 90 is arranged in the counterbore portion 55 of the axle collar 14, and has limited circumferential length.Like what in ' 834 patents, point out, this assembling protrusion 90 preferably has flexible configuration, and therefore, can be by processing such as the plastic material of for example polyurethane.This protrusion 90 extends radially inwardly to be enough to be positioned at such as groove 26,26a, 26b, the distance in the 26c, the lock slots of 26d.Adopt this mode, in case be arranged in a lock slots, the axle collar 14 will remain on relevant pin 12,12a, and 12b, 12c, 12d is last.This protrusion 90 is located in the counterbore portion 55 with flange 59 point place in line.Optional protrusion 90 helps the axle collar 14 and moves on the pin and the displacement of protrusion 90 on the lock slots crest.Be to be appreciated that this protrusion 90 can be positioned at the place, opposite end of the axle collar 14 alternatively.Also will recognize: this axle collar need not to use optional protrusion 90.

Also will recognize: one or more parts of the axle collar 14 can have the configuration different with the configuration that shows and describe here.For example, this axle collar can be no flange (not shown), maybe can have the flange (not shown) and/or the axle collar that reduce size and can not comprise counterbore portion 55.In addition, at the place, opposite end of the axle collar, this axle collar 14 can comprise this counterbore portion (not shown) alternatively.Also will recognize: as at United States Patent (USP) the 4th; 867; Discuss in No. 625; Optional assembling protrusion (for example 90) can comprise the additional limited basically screw thread (not shown) of the scope of selecting in advance, so that: except the axle collar 14 and relevant pin being remained in the preassembled condition with workpiece, can obtain the initial clamping to a certain degree of workpiece.For example referring to ' 625 patents (, relating to the open of limited box thread here) as proposing fully through with reference to incorporating into here.

The other type that low molding pressure load fastening system 50 of the present invention reduces molding pressure load shows in Fig. 6 C, and particularly passes through the comparison of Fig. 6 C and Fig. 6 A and 663.Particularly, shown in Fig. 6 C, blended thread form 26d is provided for the lock slots 26d of pin 12d, respectively the waveform lock slots 26b such as Fig. 6 A and 6B is improved with the known thread form of dark lock slots 26c instance.The typical thread forms of Fig. 6 C is mixed definite by the uniqueness of the characteristic that comprises a plurality of mixing radiuses, this mixes radius at crest 28d, between the bottom of 30d and lock slots 26d level and smooth basically transition is provided.More particularly, the first crest 28D has first radius R 1; The second crest 30d has the 4th radius R 4; And two middle radius R2, R3 have confirmed bottom or the paddy portion 132 of groove 26d, and smoothly first radius R 1 and the 4th radius R 4 are interconnected simultaneously.Adopt this mode, to the shallow of Fig. 6 A and 6B and deep thread form 26b, the unsmooth relatively and precipitous transition of 26c improves blended thread form 26d (Fig. 6 C) respectively.Particularly the shallow relatively waveform 26b of Fig. 6 A needs many bigger radiuses, and has the discontinuous relatively transition between the radius, and the dark lock slots thread forms 26c of Fig. 6 B has point relatively, non-mixed transition between radius.In addition, the waveform 26b of Fig. 6 A has wide spacing or pitch 36b and shallow relatively degree of depth 38b, and the deep thread form 26c of Fig. 6 B has narrow relatively spacing or pitch 36c and much bigger degree of depth 38c on the contrary simultaneously, shown in figure.

As can continue respectively to recognize that with reference to Fig. 6 A and 6B when the axle collar 14 was molded, shallow relatively waveform 26b trended towards excessively filling up, and as previously discussed, had increased molding pressure load unfriendly.On the contrary, as shown in, the unexpected tendency of changes among the deep thread form 26c of Fig. 6 B is in having reverse effect, when mold pressing, between the lock slots 26c of pin 12c and the axle collar 14, the engagement amount less than expectation occurs.

Also respectively thread forms 26b and the 26c of typical blended thread form 26d and Fig. 6 A and 6B are compared referring now to Fig. 6 C, will recognize: spacing in the middle of the blended thread form has a little or spiral shell are according to 36d and degree of depth 38d.In conjunction with aforementioned mixing radius R 1, R2, R3, R4, this provides smoothly, blended thread form 26d, and when the axle collar 14 was molded, thread forms 26d had correspondingly promoted axle collar groove 62 to engage with the complementary interlocking of lock slots 26d, thereby has reduced molding pressure load.Through the value of following table, can further recognize the advantage of typical thread forms 126, table 5 has been summed up: to having the A about Fig. 6; 6B shows and the different thread forms 26b that describe with 6C; 26c, the pin 12b of 26d, 12c; The non-limiting comparative example of the numerical value of 8,5/8 inches securing members of three kinds of different Grade of 12d.

The comparison of the thread forms of table 5:5/8 inch Grade 8 securing members

The dark lock slots thread forms exploitation of listing in the table 5 is used to reduce to destroy the problem that the internal thread hole 204 shown in Fig. 2 is correlated with.Find: the degree of depth that increases lock slots 26c helps to reduce the damage to internal thread hole 204.After this, definite: dark lock slots 26c is unnecessary under the situation of the dilatory type of mechanism 177 of type shown in Fig. 7.The hybrid locking groove thread forms of listing in the table 5 is used for using with the drag gear 177 of type shown in Fig. 7 by exploitation.

As shown in; When respectively with waveform and deep trouth thread forms 26b, when 26c compares, degree of depth 38d and pitch 36d in the middle of this hybrid locking groove thread forms 26d (Fig. 6 C) has relatively; Obtain all aforementioned advantages simultaneously, comprise maintenance compare favourably with substantially Fig. 6 B dark lock slots 26c reduce molding pressure load.Also will recognize: typical blended thread form 26d can combine the aforementioned axle collar 14 like the cold-heading axle collar to use, further to reduce molding pressure load.Through instance,, when the typical hybrid thread forms 26d of Fig. 6 C combines the above-mentioned axle collar 14 like the cold-heading axle collar to use, can expect: reduce about 11% molding pressure load from the waveshape lock slots for 5/8 inch Grade 8 securing member of Fig. 6 C and table 5.In addition, for 5/8 inch Grade 8 securing member of Fig. 6 C and table 5, when the typical hybrid thread forms 26d of Fig. 6 C combines the above-mentioned axle collar 14 like the cold-heading axle collar to use, can expect to reduce about 40% molding pressure load from master screw lock slots thread forms.

Adopt the axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar of the present invention, find: the shearing strength ratio between the pin and the axle collar is about: (i) 1.8, for the securing member of Grade 8; (ii) 1.6, for the securing member of Grade 5.The suitable scope of the ratio of the shearing strength between the pin of the present invention and the axle collar maybe be for about 1.5 to 2.1, or fall into any other scope of this scope.The purpose of book for the purpose of simplifying the description, the exemplary embodiments of unlisted other scope.Adopt prior art to quench and the tempering axle collar, find: the shearing strength ratio between the pin and the axle collar is about: (i) 2.5, for the securing member of Grade 8; (ii) 2.2, for the securing member of Grade 5.

For the axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar of the present invention, also have been found that: the degree that lock slots is typically filled up is following: (i) for Grade 8 securing members, and for dark lock slots 26c thread forms, about 40% and for hybrid locking groove 26d thread forms, about 60%; And (ii) for Grade 5 securing members for dark lock slots 26c thread forms about 30% with for hybrid locking groove 26d thread forms about 50%.From adaptation is accumulated in the groove of lock slots, be applied to pin the last processing view of lacquer, found to expect to use the darker lock slots that excessively fills up that has less than lock slots.

Also find: for dark lock slots thread forms, the typical ratios of the degree of depth of pitch or gap length and lock slots is about 2.8; With for hybrid locking groove thread forms, the typical ratios of the degree of depth of pitch or gap length and lock slots is about 3.6.The suitable scope of the typical ratios of the pitch of lock slots or gap length and the degree of depth maybe be for about 2.5 to 4.0, or fall into any other scope of this scope.Prior art waveform lock slots has the pitch of about 4.8 lock slots or the typical ratios of the gap length and the degree of depth.

Fig. 7,8 and 9 have shown according to another mechanism of the present invention, are used to reduce molding pressure load, thus and the life-span of increase erecting tools.Similar blended thread form 26d previously discussed and like the axle collar 14 of the cold-heading axle collar; Following low molding pressure load mechanism also can independently use or employing and aforementioned blended thread form 26d (Fig. 6 C) and like the axle collar 14 (Fig. 1-3 of the cold-heading axle collar; 5; 6A, 6B and 6C) in one or boths' the form of any suitable combination use.

Fig. 7 has shown and has been used for two workpiece 18d; Securing member 10d that 20d is fixed together and erecting tools 400; Wherein: this securing member has drag gear 177, and drag gear 177 is included in straight basically, the relatively short dilatory portion 179 in second end, 19 places of pin 12d.In addition, 4 order operations that are used for using according to the method for the invention the typical low molding pressure load 50 installation securing member 10d of system have been shown.

The dilatory parts 179 of this pin 12d have relatively short length 183, thereby extend or outstanding short distance from second end 19 of pin 12d.In fact; The projection length 183 of the dilatory parts of typical case is so short; Make and be different from the dilatory parts of incorporating the acorn nut shape of the United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 299, No. 519 (for example with reference to Fig. 1-5) here through reference into; Dilatory parts 179 of the present invention are not to be designed to after installation, be cut off, though can expect through using the cut-off neck slot on the pin 12d or utilizing the dilatory parts 179 of cutting element excision in other embodiments of the invention (not shown) to realize that dilatory parts 179 cut off.This has advantageously eliminated the impact load (for example referring to Fig. 1 cut-off neck slot 40) of the known erecting tools 400 that is caused by the unexpected fracture of cut-off neck slot.It has also eliminated pin tail fragment and disconnected pin noise.The preferred embodiment of the dilatory portion of the acorn nut shape of ' 519 patents has these shortcomings.More particularly, through instance, for 5/8 inch Grade, 8 securing member 10d, outstanding about 0.10 inch or of typically dilatory parts 179 less than the dilatory parts of the acorn nut shape of ' 519 patents.Be different from equally ' the dilatory parts of the acorn nut shape of 519 patents, typically dilatory parts 179 extend basically point-blank, and wherein: all dilatory grooves 181 have substantially the same diameter D _B, as shown in, diameter D _BD outer diameter a than the sticking department 25d of pin 12d is littler.As will discuss, the dilatory portion 179 of typical case straight, reduce diameter D _BStructure promoted by the better joint of erecting tools 400 and the prolongation of life tools.It also significantly ratio make more easily like the structure of the convergent acorn nut shape of ' 519 patents, wherein: each groove of dilatory portion has different diameters.

Other improvement of fastening system 50 of the present invention is also shown in Fig. 7, in 8 and 9.Particularly; Such as the front discussion; The typical erecting tools 400 that is used to install securing member 10d comprises: chuck 402, chuck 402 have the dilatory parts 404 that have a plurality of teeth 408, and a plurality of teeth 408 are configured to the groove 181 of the dilatory portion 179 of double pointed nail (for example selling 12d) complementally; With anvil parts 410 with the mould pressing cavity 412 that is used for the mold pressing axle collar 14.The dilatory portion 179 of typical case reduces diameter D _BBut straight substantially structure allows the cross sectional thickness T (Fig. 7 and 8) of chuck 402 (Fig. 7 and 8) to increase.Specifically, thickness T can be increased to the diameter Da ' and D of lock bonding part 25c and dilatory portion 179 respectively _BThe amount fully of difference.This makes that erecting tools 400 is firmer, thereby has prolonged its fatigue life.For example compare with sticking department 25a with the dilatory of securing member 10a of Fig. 2, typical swedged dilatory portion 179 also causes making dilatory portion 179 required materials still less.This dilatory groove that allows the dilatory parts 179 of exemplary pin again has bigger thickness with the tooth 408 that erecting tools is drawn the correspondence of parts 404, thereby has reduced the damage and wear of dilatory groove 181.The damage and wear of dilatory screw is the long-term known shortcoming in this area.Because have the diameter that reduces in these screw threads, thereby and intensity that reduces and anti-damage capability, several leading screw thread of the convergent acorn nut shape design of ' 519 patents maybe fragile and wearing and tearing.

As notice that Fig. 7 has also shown the common installation method of using typical low molding pressure load fastening system 50 of the present invention.Specifically, as shown in, in operation, pass workpiece 18d in case pin 12d is inserted into, the aligned 16d among the 20d, 17d, the axle collar 14 are applied to second end 19 of pin 12d.Like previous discussion, the axle collar can be decided to be the above-mentioned typical axle collar 14 like the cold-heading axle collar but need not one for above-mentioned typically like the axle collar 14 of the cold-heading axle collar.The position of this pin 12d is stretched portion 179 and is engaged by the chuck 402 of erecting tools 400 then.This typical chuck is to expand to aperture position (Fig. 7; Top illustration) and be retracted to and shrink or closed position (Fig. 7; Second illustration from the top) division formula is firmly grasped chuck 402, and wherein: the tooth 408 of the dilatory parts 404 of chuck complementally engages the dilatory groove 181 of dilatory portion 179 basically fully.This erecting tools 400 is driven then; Thereby chuck 402 is drawn in mold pressing anvil 410; And close the dilatory parts 404 of chuck 402; So that chuck 402 will be sold 12d and the axle collar 14 is drawn in the mould pressing cavity 412 of anvil 410, thereby apply radially inner molding pressure load, and the axle collar 14 mold pressings are got into pin lock slots 26d.When 12d is stowed fully through the induction pin, and 406 of induction rods are surveyed the mold pressing operation and when accomplished, and correspondingly stop erecting tools 400, regain chuck 402, discharges dilatory parts 179, and ejects the axle collar 14 from anvil 410.Therefore; There are not all advantages that the pin tail is installed through obtaining; Avoid disadvantages associated simultaneously, the spinning (spin) of the required higher wearing and tearing on the similar collar of being replaced by long wear-resisting chuck 402, typical installation system 50 greatly improves and has simplified the securing member installation with method.This has also cancelled the erecting tools parts of a plurality of other separation, such as separating chuck, discharge ejector, disengaging pawl and follower and spring, and they is replaced with parts basically, and typically division formula is firmly grasped chuck 402.Adopt this mode, installation period, cost and the complexity of known spinning when the present invention has reduced to engage, and realized sooner, gentlier, quieter and comprise the still less instrument of moving component, be equal to and practice thrift cost significantly.

Be to be appreciated that and use installation method and structure other installation method and the structure in addition that shows and describe here.For example, like previous discussion, it is contemplated that: but can use dilatory parts (not shown) of keeper or internal drive drag gear structure (not shown), this does not deviate from scope of the present invention.Also will recognize: have the dilatory groove 181 of annular though dilatory parts 179 are shown as,, it is contemplated that and use other thread forms (for example, screw (nonrestrictive)) if also erecting tools has been carried out modify.

Further be familiar with the improvement of the typical erecting tools 400 that provides by the dilatory portion of exemplary pin structure with reference to Fig. 8 and 9.

Fig. 8 has shown that the typical division formula that is used for erecting tools 400 firmly grasps the part of the dilatory parts 404 of chuck 402.Should have abutting end 405 (direction left among Fig. 8) and a plurality of tooth 408 by dilatory parts 404.In the instance of Fig. 8, dilatory parts 404 have 4 teeth 408.First tooth 409 of contiguous abutting end 405 has first inner diameter, ID ₁The remainder of this tooth 408 has second inner diameter, ID ₂, second inner diameter, ID ₂Less than ID ₁As shown in, through launching the inner diameter, ID of the first dilatory tooth 409 ₁, clip designs of the present invention has suppressed the cracked of this tooth 409.

Specifically, the summit of typical first tooth 409 (showing with the dotted line among Fig. 8) is removed to launch inner diameter, ID in this position ₁This will load again mainly moves to the position (for example about Fig. 8 to the right) after further leaning in the dilatory parts 404 from this position, thereby reduces the moment load on the foremost root radius r of tooth 409, thereby increases the fatigue life of chuck 402.More specifically, for example, with reference to the first tooth height h in the instance of Fig. 8; For the securing member of the Grade 5 with typical dilatory parts 179 (Fig. 7), when about 12,000 pounds of molding pressures; About 30% tooth height reduces to cause instrument significantly to be increased to about 24 400 fatigue lives; 000 installation period, wherein nipper 409 before lost efficacy 14,000 circulations.As previously discussed, this remarkable improvement is by passing through to increase ID ₁The movement arm that reduces on the nipper 409 causes, this is with the turn round firmer zone the 4th tooth 408 of left side (for example, from) of the dilatory parts 404 that move on to chuck 402 of tired pattern.Except the increase of aforementioned life tools, this improvement provides through the bigger wall thickness T of chuck 402.In addition, as previously discussed, all these are firmly grasped chuck 402 through the division formula of using typical single part and realize, promptly chuck 402 is fit to enlarge and shrink, and do not need independent pawl, independent ejector or independent follower and spring.This is to comprise one or more slit (not shown)s because typical division formula is firmly grasped chuck 402; Through the internal holes 420 (figure e) that is drawn into anvil 410; Apply radially inner power; Closing the dilatory parts 404 of chuck, this makes it can be from loosening or open position (top view of Fig. 7) is retracted to and closes or punctured position (second view of Fig. 7).Yet, should be realized that: can use any known or suitable optional clip designs (not shown), come for example to engage and draw the dilatory portion 179 (Fig. 7) of pin with for example independent closed pawl (nonrestrictive) (not shown).

Fig. 9 has shown other advance of typical low molding pressure load fastening system 50.

Particularly, typical mold pressing anvil 410 comprises: mould pressing cavity 412, as shown in mould pressing cavity 412 have into the intake section 414 of fillet, to help initial joint the with the axle collar 14 (Fig. 7); Mold pressing section 416 and internal holes 420.This mold pressing section 416 has the first diameter D ₁, and internal holes 420 has the second diameter D ₂, the second diameter D2 is greater than the first diameter D ₁Correspondingly, internal holes diameter D ₂Launch in mold pressing section 416 back, discharged the compression molding pressure load on the axle collar 14 (Fig. 7).The characteristic of narrow relatively (that is, little) through typical mold pressing section 416 makes this become possible (in the view profile of Fig. 9, showing best).The narrow width 418 of this mold pressing section has been confirmed little molded areas, gets into larger diameter D because it is opened then ₂Endoporus 120, to have a continuous single diameter opposite with the whole basically length L of mold pressing anvil 410.The increase diameter D of the endoporus 420 of this typical case's anvil 410 ₂Also provide the space adapting to chuck 402 (Fig. 7 and 8) thus thicker and firmer wall thickness T, thereby further increased life tools.In addition, the length L of improvement anvil 410 of the present invention also can be shortened, and for example compares with the anvil 110 of Fig. 1.Therefore; Through reduce the tool part number, reduce instrument weight, reduce the required molding pressure load of instrument, reduce the cost of tools and increase the life expectancy of instrument, low molding pressure load fastening system 50 of the present invention also provides the improvement of multiple erecting tools 400.

Especially with reference to Fig. 6 A, 6B and 6C have shown the interactional details of the axle collar and bolt.When the axle collar at first tried to draw the bolt of preload, this axle collar was enough strong, so the first bolt crest is sheared the axle collar, produced the axle collar material before the bolt crest is also rolled in the space.Identical thing occur on the second bolt crest more among a small circle.At last, exist enough axle collar materials to join bolt to, therefore the space do not occur and roll.This takes place rapidlyer for the axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar harder than the quenching-tempering axle collar, because they have higher shear strength.The faster and bigger preload of generation of harder axle collar tensile bolt.

Figure 10 is according to dilatory portion of the improvement fastener pin of the embodiment of the invention and erecting tools structure, and uses different chucks to use improved pin to draw the cross-sectional view strength that portion is used for four continuous installation procedures of punching press fastener collars.Here the system class that shows is similar to Fig. 7.In being similar to Figure 11 of Fig. 8, there is the cross-sectional view strength of end of the different chucks of the erecting tools be used for Figure 10.

In Figure 10 and 11 open, the low punching press load fastening system that exists a kind of punching press type fastener to use, the punching press type fastener is configured to a plurality of workpiece are fixed together.This punching press type fastener comprises the pin parts, the elongated pin rod that the pin parts have the aligned that is fit to be arranged in workpiece.One end of these pin parts ends at the enlarged head on the surface that is fit to engage one side, and its opposite end ends at the apparent surface's of the opposite side that is fit to extend beyond workpiece fluting portion.

This fluting portion comprises sticking department, and sticking department has the definite a plurality of lock slots and the relevant shoulder that ends at the pin crest of cotter way that extended by circumference.

Erecting tools comprises the anvil parts 410 with punching press chamber.Have a kind of axle collar 14 like the cold-heading axle collar, comprise straight substantially axle collar bar, axle collar bar is fit to response by relative shaft orientation force or molding pressure load that erecting tools applies between the pin parts and the as-headed axle collar, be molded into the said lock slots on the pin parts.

Provide the clamping load of expectation size to confirm secure engagement on the workpiece that tightens together.The punching press chamber of this erecting tools is configured to engage said axle collar bar and the radially inside said axle collar bar of mold pressing.Should as the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar when punching press, have axle collar groove and shoulder, axle collar groove and shoulder and said cotter way and take on interlocking.These pin parts and the said axle collar like the cold-heading axle collar adopt the different materials with different big or small anti-shearing stress intensities of the limit, so that when the said axle collar being stamped into said pin parts, avoid the surrender of said pin parts basically.

This chuck 600 has the projection 602 from said chuck, thereby along the length 604 of extending dilatory parts towards the direction of the axle collar 14, thereby the contact area of increase and anvil 410.Extension tugger length has increased the contact area with anvil, and this has reduced pressure and wearing and tearing.When tugger returned through littler anvil hole, it also supplied pilot angle to use.

Should as axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar do not need heat treatment, and have the wall thickness of relative thin, thereby reduced molding pressure load like the axle collar needs of the cold-heading axle collar like the straight axle collar bar of cardinal principle of the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar.

This projection 600 before the front end screw thread 608 of chuck 600 with near formation flat circular surface 600.Then, before flat surfaces 606, there is surface 610 circular angled forward or that tilt.Have second flat surfaces 612, the angled or flat surfaces 614 that tilts, flat surfaces 614 turn back to the cross spider 616 with the external diameter of chuck 600.Through not being pressed together on the external diameter that head is arranged at place, bolt end, increased the shear strength of last bolt crest.

The end 618 of these dilatory parts 620 does not press to bottom 622 diametrical position in line with groove 624.This has increased the shear strength of the dilatory crest 626 in end of dilatory parts 620.Online 636 places of this tugger tooth bolt thread that fractures.

The profile 628 of the last dilatory crest 626 of these dilatory parts conforms to the expansion tugger radius 630 of the last tooth 620 of chuck 600 or is consistent.

In addition, the first tugger tooth 632 of shortening that increases the thickness 634 of the first tugger tooth 632 reduces cracked.

Consider foregoing, the invention provides a kind of low molding pressure load fastening system and method, comprising: like the axle collar of the cold-heading axle collar with a plurality of improvement securing members and erecting tools characteristic; Hybrid locking groove thread forms; Improved pin is drawn parts; With the improvement of multiple erecting tools, all these are independent and adopt any suitable combination, reduce molding pressure load, and have improved the installation of the securing member of formed type.

Though described specific embodiment of the present invention in detail, according to the total instruction of the present invention, those skilled in the art can will appreciate that: can develop multiple modification and replacement to these details.Therefore, the ad hoc structure that is disclosed only is used for explanation, rather than the restriction of the scope of the present invention that the four corner of accompanying claims and any equivalent thereof is provided.

Claims (14)

1. fastener installation tool comprises:

Anvil parts with mould pressing cavity; With

Chuck, said chuck have the dilatory parts that have securing member abutting end and a plurality of teeth,

Wherein, said a plurality of teeth comprise first tooth of contiguous said securing member abutting end location,

Said first tooth of said a plurality of teeth has first internal diameter, and each tooth in the residual tooth of said a plurality of teeth all has second internal diameter, and wherein: first internal diameter of said first tooth is bigger than second internal diameter of each tooth in the residual tooth of said a plurality of teeth.

2. fastener installation tool according to claim 1, wherein, a plurality of teeth of said chuck comprise the 4th tooth.

3. fastener installation tool according to claim 1; Wherein, Said anvil parts have first end, with the first end second opposed end, be positioned at the intake section, adjacent with said intake section and have the mold pressing section of first internal diameter and a endoporus of first end with second internal diameter; Wherein, said mold pressing section is constituted as provides radially inner molding pressure load, and wherein said mold pressing section is narrow relatively.

4. fastener installation tool according to claim 3, wherein, second internal diameter of said endoporus is greater than said first internal diameter of said mold pressing section.

5. fastener installation tool according to claim 3, wherein, the inlet portion of said anvil parts is divided into fillet.

6. fastener installation tool according to claim 3, wherein, said chuck is that single division formula is firmly grasped chuck.

7. fastener installation tool according to claim 6, wherein, said chuck comprises the projection of extending from said chuck, thereby extend said chuck dilatory parts length and increase the contact area with said anvil parts.

8. fastener installation tool according to claim 7; Wherein, projection in the place ahead of the front end screw thread of chuck and be adjacent to it to form smooth circular surface, then form in this smooth circular surface the place ahead the circular surface that turns forward, also form second flat surfaces and turn back to the inclination flat surfaces with the intersecting lens of chuck external diameter.

9. chuck that is used for fastener installation tool, said chuck comprises:

Dilatory parts, said dilatory parts have securing member abutting end and a plurality of tooth,

Wherein, said a plurality of teeth comprise first tooth of contiguous said securing member abutting end location,

Said first tooth of said a plurality of teeth has first internal diameter, and each tooth in the residual tooth of said a plurality of teeth all has second internal diameter, and wherein: first internal diameter of said first tooth is bigger than second internal diameter of each tooth in the residual tooth in said a plurality of teeth.

10. chuck according to claim 9, wherein, said a plurality of teeth comprise the 4th tooth.

11. chuck according to claim 9; Wherein, Said chuck has cross sectional thickness; The straight dilatory portion that wherein said pin parts have sticking department and extend from said sticking department, said dilatory parts are configured to complementally to combine the dilatory groove of the said dilatory portion of said pin parts, make said chuck and said pin part bonding thus; The sticking department of said pin parts has first external diameter; The dilatory portion of said pin parts has second external diameter less than first external diameter of the sticking department of said pin parts, and the increase of the difference between second external diameter of first external diameter of the said sticking department of wherein said pin parts and the said dilatory portion of said pin parts allows the correspondence of the said cross sectional thickness of said chuck to increase, thereby prolongs the fatigue life of said erecting tools.

12. chuck according to claim 9, wherein, said chuck is that single division formula is firmly grasped chuck.

13. chuck according to claim 9, wherein, said dilatory parts comprise the projection of extending from said chuck, thus the length of extending the said dilatory parts of said chuck.

14. chuck according to claim 13; Wherein, projection in the place ahead of the front end screw thread of chuck and be adjacent to it to form smooth circular surface, then form in this smooth circular surface the place ahead the circular surface that turns forward, also form second flat surfaces and turn back to the inclination flat surfaces with the intersecting lens of chuck external diameter.

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