CN102012628A - Single-machine polarizing stereo film imaging system and imaging method - Google Patents

Single-machine polarizing stereo film imaging system and imaging method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102012628A
CN102012628A CN201010511201XA CN201010511201A CN102012628A CN 102012628 A CN102012628 A CN 102012628A CN 201010511201X A CN201010511201X A CN 201010511201XA CN 201010511201 A CN201010511201 A CN 201010511201A CN 102012628 A CN102012628 A CN 102012628A
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light
picture
path channels
dividing device
projector
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CN102012628B (en
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周劲
龚晓晖
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First facing the three dimensional Polytron Technologies Inc
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HANGZHOU SHINING 3D TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a single-machine polarizing stereo film imaging system and an imaging method. The system comprises a shooting device and a projection device, wherein the shooting device comprises a camera and beam splitting devices, a group of beam splitting devices are placed in front of the lens of the camera, the beam splitting devices are provided with multiple light path channels, the multiple light path channels are provided with the same light path outlet, and the light path outlet is communicated with the lens of the camera; and the projection device comprises a projector, beam splitting devices, polarizing plates and a metal curtain, wherein one group of same beam splitting devices are placed in front of the lens of the projector, the polarizing plates with different filter directions are arranged in front of the multiple light path channels, and the light path outlet is communicated with the lens of the projector. The principle of binocular parallax is adopted, the light path of the camera is split into multiple light paths by adopting the beam splitting devices, and an image in front of the shooting lens passes through the left and right light path channels and deflects for a certain angle to reach the lens. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and compact operating steps; and because of single-machine shooting and projection, the hardware cost is greatly reduced compared with double-machine stereo films.

Description

A kind of unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system and formation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the shooting and the imaging new method of three-dimensional film, mainly is a kind of unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system and formation method.
Background technology
3 D stereoscopic image is taken and imaging technique is popular in the world at present technology, is used in the production of film and TV field widely.Its captured image has visual impact, and spectators put on the picture energy emersion of watching behind the special glasses or are absorbed in curtain.Along with the 3D motion picture technique is constantly progressive and perfect, the story of a play or opera lengthy motion picture of many complete 3D three-dimensional films that emerged at present.Nowadays, the huge curtain of IMAX film also begins to combine with the 3D three-dimensional film.70 millimeters big screen color solid films have been put on display in build in 1985 in the ripple fair.Nineteen fifty-nine, first two-shipper polarisation three-dimensional film taken by China.
Present 3 D stereoscopic image is a picture of taking down scenery with two camera lenses as human eye from two different directions simultaneously, makes cinefilm; When projection, by two projectors, two groups of films that take with two video cameras are shown synchronously, make this slightly two width of cloth doublings of the image of difference in screen, and at every pre-installed polaroid of projector, its effect is equivalent to the polarizer, the light that penetrates from two projectors is by behind the polaroid, just become polarized light, about the polarization direction of polaroid before two projectors orthogonal, thereby the polarization direction of the two bundle polarized lights that produce is also orthogonal, and this two bundles polarized light projects and reflexes to the spectators place in the screen again, and direction of polarized light does not change, spectators watch with above-mentioned polarising glass, every eyes are only seen corresponding polarized light image, and promptly left eye can only be seen the picture that left machine mirrors, and right eye can only be seen the picture that right machine mirrors, object produces a picture respectively in right and left eyes, these two different slightly pictures are superimposed through remarkable brain, will produce stereo perception, the principle of Here it is three-dimensional film.
The present three-dimensional film mode of watching has (1) light point-score, generally adopts in the cinema.There are many movie theatres all to have the 3D three-dimensional projection Room now, play the film that two video cameras take by two projectors during projection, on screen, will occur two groups of differentiated images synchronously.(2) color separation technology method, this is another kind of 3D stereoscopic imaging technology, also comparative maturity now red indigo plant, red various modes such as green are arranged, but the principle that adopts all is the same.The look point-score can be printed on the image of two different visual angles photographs in the same secondary picture with two kinds of different colors respectively.Video is only just to watch with naked eyes seeing fuzzy ghost image in projection like this, and just can see stereoeffect by the anaglyph spectacleses such as red indigo plant of correspondence, with red blue glasses is example, red eyeglass can only be seen red image down, blue eyeglass can only be seen blue image, two the different images overlapping 3D of presenting stereoeffects in brain that eyes are seen.(3) time-sharing procedure, time-sharing procedure are the application that NVIDIA promotes mainly now, need the cooperation of display and 3D glasses to realize the 3D stereoeffect.The anaglyph spectacles structure that time-sharing procedure adopted is the most complicated, and cost is also the highest certainly.Two eyeglasses all adopt Electronic Control, can carry out the switching of state according to the output situation of display, the printing opacity of eyeglass, light tight switching make human eye can only see corresponding picture (under the light transmission state), and eyes see that different pictures just can reach the effect of three-dimensional imaging.(4) raster pattern, this method can allow the TV programme that receives can three-dimensional, China has now produced the spatical television set of raster pattern, but raster pattern also has shortcoming, be exactly that sharpness and other cubic phase are than difference, only sharpness is high slightly on very large TV, and this also makes the price of cost raise significantly.(5) authentic formula, by unique successful full real three-dimensional television technology in the world today of German Thomas Hou Henglaike invention, original each the standard television equipment compatibility in this stereo TV technique and the whole world, from television production, broadcast system, home television set to the user, all need not to increase any equipment and investment, just when taking three-dimensional program, on video camera, install special device additional and get final product.When spectators watch program, only need put on one pair of special 3D glasses and get final product.Glasses are with low cost, identify through national health department, can not have side effects to eyes.If do not wear glasses with see that common TV is as broad as long, at present such program seldom, this technology is on the verge of being replaced.Shortcoming is that program source is few, and stereoeffect is not very outstanding.(6) observation mirror was exclusively used in the past and saw that the picture that stereoscopic camera claps was right, and picture presents about general.Present this observation mirror also can be seen the left right model three-dimensional film.Can only be at most half size of screen when shortcoming is picture with the aid of pictures or film, advantage be very clear.(7) holographic formula thisly can't be promoted at present.Look it all is three-dimensional in all angles, without anaglyph spectacles.The Soviet Union grinds in the seventies and has tried holographic three-dimensional film, needn't wear glasses when watching, and very big image brilliance scope is arranged.Because the vision accommodation of spectators' eyes and convergence are natures, can not cause overstrain and fatigue, spectators have bigger depth perception than common film, as real-world object as long as rotation head can be seen the change in location as material object.This film is still in the development test stage.
Three-dimensional film adopts curtain previous irradiation shape half-cone lenticulation, limited by the strictness of position, seating area, auditorium, and spectators' head moves the back stereoeffect and can disappear.In the three-dimensional film of watching of wearing glasses, extensively adopting colorized glasses method and polaroid glasses method.The colorized glasses method be about two images taking of two visual angles, with red and blue overlapping printing on the same picture, make a cinefilm respectively.Can use general projection equipment during projection, be that red another sheet is blue glasses but spectators need wear a slice.Make by the eyes of red eyeglass and can only see red image, can only see blue image by the eyes of blue eyeglass.The shortcoming of this method is that spectators' two winks feel uneven, and is tired easily; Advantage is not need to change projection equipment.The three-dimensional film at initial stage is used this method always.Japan built and has put on display the ball curtain black-and-white film that adopts this method in the fair of ripple International Technology in 1985, and effect is better.
The three-dimensional film of polaroid glasses method was paid attention to by various countries since nineteen twenty-two always, and some country combines with wide-field film, clapped into that quality is higher, the color solid film of better effects if.This film is when projection, left and right sides picture can not destroy on the metal curtain of polarization direction with polarization axle 90 ° polarized light projection each other, become overlapping slur, spectators put on 90 ° each other of polarization axles when watching, and with the projection picture the corresponding polaroid glasses of polarized light, can separately obtain stereoeffect to slur.Because making and projection technology is different, the polarisation three-dimensional film has the branch of two-shipper and unit.Unit polarisation three-dimensional film be adopt video camera to clap about three-dimensional even picture, by the special optical device with about solid be coupled to same picture two parts up and down, implementation is arranged above and below, and respectively accounts for two film perforations, is unit anaglyph picture.After projector is joined the polarisation deflecting mirror, just can emit the unit three-dimensional film.The advantage of unit polarisation three-dimensional film is: the cinefilm of saving half; Use a projector projection, save equipment investment; Two pictures can not produce dislocation during projection, guarantee that left and right sides picture is in full accord.Shortcoming is: because the picture area reduces half, Gu the quantity of information luminous flux of picture also reduces.The shortcoming of two-shipper polarisation three-dimensional film is: shooting and projection can't make two machines synchronous fully.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system and formation method are provided, and uses unit and light-dividing device to realize the shooting and the broadcast of 3-dimensional image.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts: this unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system, comprise filming apparatus and projecting device, described filming apparatus comprises video camera and light-dividing device, before the camera lens of video camera, place a component electro-optical device, light-dividing device has the multi-pass passage, the multi-pass passage has same light path outlet, and the light path outlet is communicated with the camera lens of video camera; Projecting device comprises projector, light-dividing device, polaroid and metal curtain, the curtain that the metal curtain uses when being the three-dimensional film broadcast.Place one group of identical light-dividing device (with to place a component electro-optical device before the camera lens of video camera identical) before the camera lens of projector, light-dividing device has the multi-pass passage, the polaroid that before the multi-pass passage, adds the different optical filtering directions of a slice respectively, the multi-pass passage has same light path outlet, and the light path outlet is communicated with the camera lens of projector.
Described light-dividing device comprises first reflector group and second reflector group, first reflector group comprises first left reflection minor and first right reflection mirror, second reflector group comprises second left reflection minor and second right reflection mirror, constitutes left path channels between first left reflection minor and second left reflection minor; Constitute right path channels between first right reflection mirror and second right reflection mirror, left path channels, right path channels be along camera lens longitudinal centre line symmetry, and the picture that be taken this moment is imaging regional identical after left path channels and right path channels respectively.
The angle of described left path channels and right path channels becomes 60 °~90 °.
The metal screen is owing to adopt particulate metal material coating, and making natural light that projector equipment projects filter the polarized light that becomes through polaroid can energy loss, and the light that reflects from the metal curtain still is polarized light and can not be reduced into natural light like this.The people is with the upper polarizer glasses, and the polaroid glasses also are can make vertical light or lateral light is a kind of sees through a kind of covering.Therefore the polaroid glasses before people's the left eye can allow left eye only see vertical light or a kind of image that is projected on the cubic metal characters or patterns film curtain of lateral light, and the polaroid glasses before the right eye can allow right eye only see the image of another kind of polarized light on cubic metal characters or patterns film curtain.Because left eye is only seen the calibration maps image that a kind of polarized light presents, right eye is only seen the calibration maps image that another kind of polarized light presents, and is projection or recessed curtain so the image that human eye is seen is handled the calibration point that can see on the curtain through brain.
This unit polarisation three-dimensional film formation method of the present invention, adopted the principle of binocular parallax, adopt light-dividing device that the light path of a video camera has been divided into a plurality of light paths (as being left and right two-way), the scene before the taking lens can reach camera lens through the deflection of certain angle after by left and right path channels.Concrete steps are as follows:
When (1), taking, object places the dead ahead of light-dividing device, starting video camera takes, scene before video camera and light-dividing device enters camera lens respectively through the deflection through certain angle after the left and right path channels, the picture left side that photographs is the picture that left path channels photographs, picture the right is the picture that right path channels photographs owing to be that unit is taken, so about the picture of part be synchronous.
(2), projector is put into before the position of video camera, before projector, place with before the identical light-dividing device of use when taking; And before left path channels, right path channels, add the polaroid of the different optical filtering directions of a slice respectively; Polaroid is to make natural light become the optical element of polarized light.It has the function of covering and seeing through to incident light, can make that vertical light or lateral light are a kind of to be seen through, a kind of covering.Follow three-dimensional calibration maps of projection, three-dimensional calibration maps is to take a common calibration maps that is placed on the video camera dead ahead by video camera and light-dividing device to produce, adjust the distance of projector and light-dividing device, the some dislocation in the calibration maps that is projected on the metal curtain is shown;
(3), the scene of video camera shooting is before projected on the metal curtain, after picture throws by light-dividing device and polaroid, left-hand component picture and right-hand component picture be the overlapped and certain distance that staggers of meeting on the metal curtain, put on the polaroid glasses and watch picture on the curtain, just can see that the object in the picture presents stereoeffect.
The effect that the present invention is useful is: simple in structure, operation steps is succinct, owing to adopted light-dividing device, two different angle pictures are to collect by left path channels, right path channels, and the picture of these two angles can constitute stereoscopic picture plane.Because the image information that light is passed on is to arrive the unit camera lens simultaneously, therefore the picture photographing sync rates is consistent, and the optical projection picture is also gone up arrival simultaneously to the three-dimensional film curtain, and the picture of projection is through as above process shooting, therefore each auspicious picture all is synchronous, play by single projection again, so the picture of projection also is synchronous.This with regard to the auspicious number that solved two-shipper three-dimensional film picture when taking and play can't absolute synchronization problem.The people is when watching, and right and left eyes is to accept picture simultaneously, therefore can alleviate visual fatigue, owing to be that unit is taken and projection, he so hardware cost is compared also reduction greatly with the two-shipper three-dimensional film.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a camera system composition diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an optical projection system composition diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the people watches curtain to experience the three-dimensional film composition diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
With reference to shown in Figure 1, taking lens 5, a component electro-optical device and a subject 8.Light-dividing device comprises first reflector group, second reflector group, first reflector group comprises the first left reflection minor group 1 and the first right reflection mirror group 2, second reflector group comprises the second left reflection minor group 4 and the second right reflection mirror group 3, the angle of first left reflection minor 1 and second left reflection minor 4 can be regulated as requested, and first left reflection minor 1 and second left reflection minor 4 constitute left path channels 6; First right reflection mirror 2 and second right reflection mirror, 3 angles can be regulated as requested, and first right reflection mirror 2 and second right reflection mirror 3 constitute right path channels 7.Second left reflection minor 4 and second right reflection mirror 3 can be regulated as requested, and first left reflection minor 1 and first right reflection mirror, 2 angles can be regulated as requested; The angle of first left reflection minor 1 and second left reflection minor 4 is equal to the angle with first right reflection mirror 2 and second right reflection mirror 3.
With reference to Fig. 2, projector 9, the metal curtain 10 of three-dimensional film is projected in the left path channels object image 11 on the metal curtain, is projected in the right path channels object image 12 on the metal curtain, left polaroid 13 and right polaroid 14.
With reference to Fig. 3, polarising glass left side eyeglass 15, the right eyeglass 16 of polarising glass, people's left eye 17, people's right eye 18, left path channels polarized light object image 19, right path channels polarized light object image 20, the depth object image 21 that people's brain reconfigures.
This unit polarisation three-dimensional film formation method of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The scenery 8 that is taken places the dead ahead of light-dividing device, adjusts the angle of light-dividing device first reflector group, second reflector group according to the distance of taking.Observe camera picture, adjust the angle and the position of light-dividing device, make photographed 8 be in the center of left path channels picture, right path channels picture.Pick-up lens 5 began to take after adjustment finished, and finished up to shooting.
Go out calibration maps with the camera lens projection of projector 9 entire equipment is demarcated, adjust the distance between projector 9 and the light-dividing device, order is projected in the demarcation pattern on the metal curtain 10, puts on anaglyph spectacles the people and observes and have stereoeffect.Then projection goes out the video that taking lens 5 is taken.The people puts on the metal curtain 10 that the polaroid glasses are watched three-dimensional film.
The image of video-projection on the metal curtain 10 of three-dimensional film has two, is respectively left path channels object image 11 and right path channels object image 12.The natural light that left polaroid 13 in the path channels of a left side makes projector 9 project to left path channels becomes a kind of polarized light of direction, is assumed to be the polarized light of x direction (transverse direction), has filtered the polarized light of y direction (longitudinal direction); The natural light that right polaroid 14 in the right path channels makes projector 9 project to left path channels becomes the polarized light of another kind of direction, is assumed to be the polarized light of y direction, has filtered the polarized light of x direction.After left side path channels object image 11 the optical filtering, the polarized light that has only the x direction has been projected on the three-dimensional film curtain, form left path channels polarization object image 19 by left polaroid 13; After right path channels object image 12 the optical filtering, the polarized light that has only the y direction has been projected on the three-dimensional film curtain, form right path channels polarized light object image 20 by right polaroid 14.
Polarising glass left side eyeglass 15 before people's left eye 17 is assumed to be and only allows the polarized light of x direction pass through; Right eyeglass 16 hypothesis of polarising glass before people's right eye 18 only allow the polarized light of y direction pass through.Therefore 17 of people's left eyes are seen the optical filtering image by left polaroid 13, and the left path channels polarized light object image 19 that the polarized light that has only the x direction has been projected on the three-dimensional film curtain enters people's left eye 17 through polarising glass left side eyeglass 15; 18 of people's right eyes are seen the optical filtering image by right polaroid 14, make the polarized light that has only the y direction project to that right path channels polarized light object image 20 enters people's right eye 18 through the right eyeglasses 16 of polarising glasses on the three-dimensional film curtain.After the right path channels polarized light object image 20 process brains that the left path channels polarized light object image 19 that people's left eye 17 is seen and people's right eye 18 are seen are comprehensive, form the depth object image 21 that people's brain reconfigures.Because the position of the depth object image 21 that people's brain reconfigures is the back at three-dimensional film metal curtain, human brain can think that the depth object image 21 that people's brain reconfigures is that " recessed " advances among the curtain, thereby makes the object image of projection have stereoscopic sensation when human eye is watched.
In addition to the implementation, all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system, comprise filming apparatus and projecting device, it is characterized in that: described filming apparatus comprises video camera and light-dividing device, before the camera lens of video camera, place a component electro-optical device, light-dividing device has the multi-pass passage, the multi-pass passage has same light path outlet, and the light path outlet is communicated with the camera lens of video camera; Projecting device comprises projector, light-dividing device, polaroid and metal curtain, place one group of identical light-dividing device before the camera lens of projector, light-dividing device has the multi-pass passage, the polaroid that before the multi-pass passage, adds the different optical filtering directions of a slice respectively, the multi-pass passage has same light path outlet, and the light path outlet is communicated with the camera lens of projector.
2. unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described light-dividing device comprises first reflector group and second reflector group, first reflector group comprises first left reflection minor and first right reflection mirror, second reflector group comprises second left reflection minor and second right reflection mirror, constitutes left path channels between first left reflection minor and second left reflection minor; Constitute right path channels between first right reflection mirror and second right reflection mirror, left path channels, right path channels are along camera lens longitudinal centre line symmetry.
3. unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the angle of described left path channels and right path channels becomes 60 °~90 °.
4. formation method that adopts unit polarisation three-dimensional film imaging system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
When (1), taking, object places the dead ahead of light-dividing device, starting video camera takes, scene before video camera and light-dividing device enters camera lens respectively through the deflection through certain angle after the left and right path channels, the picture left side that photographs is the picture that left path channels photographs, picture the right is the picture that right path channels photographs, about the picture synchronization of part;
(2), projector is put into before the position of video camera, before projector, place with before the identical light-dividing device of use when taking; And before left path channels, right path channels, add the polaroid of the different optical filtering directions of a slice respectively; Follow three-dimensional calibration maps of projection, three-dimensional calibration maps is to take a common calibration maps that is placed on the video camera dead ahead by video camera and light-dividing device to produce, adjust the distance of projector and light-dividing device, the some dislocation in the calibration maps that is projected on the metal curtain is shown;
(3), the scene of video camera shooting is before projected on the metal curtain, after picture throws by light-dividing device and polaroid, left-hand component picture and right-hand component picture be the overlapped and certain distance that staggers of meeting on the metal curtain, put on the polaroid glasses and watch picture on the curtain, just can see that the object in the picture presents stereoeffect.
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Cited By (2)

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CN102645835A (en) * 2012-05-22 2012-08-22 林璧光 Imaging device for shooting three-dimensional image for one time by single lens
CN105852427A (en) * 2016-06-18 2016-08-17 彭淇枫 Novel food ordering table

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CN105852427A (en) * 2016-06-18 2016-08-17 彭淇枫 Novel food ordering table

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