CN102015484B - 挥发性材料散放器的控制设备 - Google Patents
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- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/16—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means
- B65D83/20—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means operated by manual action, e.g. button-type actuator or actuator caps
Abstract
一种挥发性材料散放器,包括适于接纳容器的外壳,其中所述容器包括带有排出端的倾斜致动的阀杆。所述阀杆的排出端适于与所述外壳的排出孔流体连通。驱动单元被布置在所述外壳内,其中所述驱动单元包括双金属致动器、压电线性马达、电响应线、或螺线管,其适于将横向运动提供给所述容器的本体。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
不适用。
联邦政府资助的研究或开发
不适用。
顺序列表
不适用。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及从喷射装置排出流体,并且更具体地,涉及用于从加压气雾剂容器排出流体的设备。
背景技术
气雾剂容器通常被用来存储和散放挥发性材料,例如空气清新剂、除臭剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂、减充血剂、香水等。所述挥发性材料通常在压力下以液体状态存储在容器内。在容器上的阀组件控制容纳在其中的挥发性材料的释放。所述阀组件通常包括阀杆,其中所述阀组件的致动或打开允许所述挥发性材料通过所述阀杆流出所述容器。特别地,阀杆相对于阀组件的移动致动所述阀组件以从所述容器释放挥发性材料。可以沿着所述阀组件的纵轴线,也就是轴向地移动所述阀杆,或者可以在横向于所述阀组件的纵轴线的方向上,也就是,径向地倾斜或移动所述阀杆。
可以通过自动系统或手动地实现阀组件的致动。在手动致动时,使用者可以根据需要将被应用到所述阀杆的致动力调节为获得所期望的释放。因此,对于手动致动的阀组件的设计来说,被应用的力的要求的考虑通常不是太重要的。传统的自动系统可能包括马达驱动的联动装置,所述联动装置施加向下的压力以压下所述阀杆并且打开在所述容器内的阀组件。通常,这些致动器机构是笨拙的并且不太适于以独立(stand alone)的方式和/或手持的方式使用。进一步地,这些致动器机构中的许多表现出大量的功率消耗。通常,与具有竖直致动的阀杆的阀相比,具有倾斜致动的阀杆的阀组件需要较小的致动力。需要较小的致动力的阀组件是有利的因为这种阀需要较少的致动功率。降低的动力消耗将允许更长的动力源寿命。较小的致动力也允许更简单的、更小的、和/或成本更低的自动系统。
现有的用于倾斜致动的阀组件的自动致动系统使用复杂的和笨重的马达和齿轮机构,并且未能充分地减少动力消耗。存在对于在现有的致动系统上的操作性和功能性进行改进的需求,举例来说,使用改进的动力供给和驱动单元,增加各种致动选项、减少尺寸以及增加效率和可靠性。
发明内容
根据一个实施方式,一种挥发性材料散放器包括适于接纳容器的外壳,其中所述容器包括带有排出端的倾斜致动的阀杆。所述阀杆的排出端适于与所述外壳的排出孔流体连通。驱动单元被布置在所述外壳内,其中所述驱动单元包括双金属致动器、压电线性马达、电响应线、或螺线管,其适于将横向运动提供给所述容器的本体。
在另一实施方式中,一种挥发性材料散放器包括适于接纳容器的外壳,所述容器具有倾斜致动的阀杆。所述外壳包括排出孔。散放构件适于被布置在所述阀杆的一部分上,其中所述散放构件大体上固定不动地固定所述阀杆并且将其布置为与所述排出孔流体连通。驱动单元被布置在所述外壳内,其中所述驱动单元包括双金属致动器、压电线性马达、电响应线、或螺线管,其适于将横向运动提供给所述容器的本体。
在进一步的实施方式中,一种挥发性材料散放器包括适于接纳容器的外壳,所述容器具有倾斜致动的阀杆。所述外壳包括排出孔和保持结构。所述排出孔适于接收所述阀杆并且所述保持结构适于保持所述容器的上部部分。驱动单元被布置在所述外壳内,其中所述驱动单元适于接合所述容器的下部部分以致动所述阀杆。
基于下面的详细描述,本发明的其它方面和好处将变得是显而易见的。
附图说明
图1是致动器装置的一个实施方式的轴测图;
图2是图1的致动器装置的顶视图;
图3是一视图,除了已经去除掉了致动器装置的顶部部分之外,其类似于图2的视图;
图4A是沿着图2的截面线4-4截取的部分横截面视图,其中为了清楚地示出根据一个实施方式的驱动单元的预致动位置去除掉了该装置的在截面平面后面的一些部分,并且其中也示出了容器和用于保持该容器的结构;
图4B是一视图,除了驱动单元处于致动后位置之外,其类似于在图4A中所示的视图;
图5是用于保持容器的结构的第二实施方式的放大的截面图;
图6是图5的结构的顶视图;
图7是图1-6的致动器装置根据第一操作序列的操作的时序图;
图8是致动器装置的第二实施方式的视图,除了提供有不同的驱动单元之外,其类似于图4B中所示的视图;
图9A和9B是致动器装置的第三实施方式的视图,除了被提供有不同的驱动单元之外,它们分别类似于在图4A和4B中所示的视图;
图10A和10B是致动器装置的第四实施方式的视图,除了被提供有不同的驱动单元之外,它们分别类似于在图4A和4B中所示的视图;
图11A和11B是致动器装置的第五实施方式的视图,除了驱动单元不同之外,它们分别类似于在图4A和4B中所示的视图;
图12是致动器装置的第六实施方式的视图,其类似于在图4A中所示的视图,其包括用于保持容器的结构的第三实施方式和不同的驱动单元;和
图13是一视图,其类似于在图4A中所示的视图,其中示出了驱动单元的不同位置和方位。
具体实施方式
图1-3示出了具有大体上圆柱形外壳22的散放器或致动器装置20,所述外壳22适于保持传统的气雾剂容器24。所述外壳22包括基座部分26和上部部分28。侧壁30在所述基座部分26和所述上部部分28之间延伸并且按钮32接近所述基座部分26地被布置在所述侧壁30上。圆柱形棒34(参见图3、4A、4B)被设置在所述外壳22的内侧上,大体上与所述按钮32相对。
所述外壳22的顶壁36是凸起的并且由圆形周边边缘38界定。圆形形状的排出孔40被布置在所述顶壁36内从其中心偏移的位置。向内地锥形的壁42围绕所述排出孔40的周边地向悬垂到所述致动器装置20的内部。弯曲凹槽44被布置在所述排出孔40和所述周边边缘38之间。所述凹槽44包括平坦的底面46,所述平坦的底面46带有被布置在其中的长方形切口48。开孔50也被设置在所述凹槽44和所述周边边缘38之间。透光棒52通过干涉配合而被保持在所述开孔50内。致动器装置20的纵轴线54从所述外壳22的基座部分26向上延伸(参见图1)。
在不同的实施方式中,所述外壳22能呈现其它形状,举例来说,立方体形、锥体形、圆锥形、或者任何其它对称的或不对称的形状。进一步地,所述外壳22的侧壁30和顶壁36不需要是连续的,而是能包括任意数量的额外的间隙或开口。在一个例子中,所述外壳22包括框架结构,所述框架结构部分地或全部地围绕所述容器24并且提供用于这里所披露的致动器装置20的各种部件的支撑结构。更进一步地,在不背离这里所披露的原理的情况下,可以使用对本领域普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的外壳22的其它实施方式。
当特定情况发生时,所述致动器装置20从所述容器24排出流体。所述情况能是所述致动器装置20的手动致动或者所述致动器装置20的响应于来自计时器或传感器的电信号的自动致动。被排出的流体可以是被布置在载液内的芳香剂或杀虫剂、除臭液等。所述流体也可以包括其它活性物,例如消毒杀菌剂、空气清新剂、臭气抑制剂、防菌剂或防霉剂、驱虫剂、和/或类似活性物,和/或具有芳香治疗特性的活性物。所述流体可选地包括能从容器散放的本领域技术人员已知的任何流体。所述致动器装置20因此适于散放许多不同的流体制剂。
所述容器24可以是本领域技术人员已知的任何尺寸和容积的气雾剂容器。例如,所述气雾剂容器可以包括迷你气雾剂容器,例如由位于威斯康星州(Wisconsin)的拉辛(Racine)的S.C.约翰逊父子公司(S.C.Johnson andSon,Inc)(“S.C.Johnson”)制造的商标为的迷你气雾剂容器,或者标准尺寸容器,例如同样由S.C.Johnson制造的商标为的空气消毒杀菌器或商标为的气雾剂喷射器。为了描述本实施方式,所述容器24包括本体56(参见图3,4A,和4B),所述本体56带有卷边连接(crimp)到它的上端60的安装杯58。所述安装杯58是大体上圆柱形的并且限定在所述安装杯58的上部部分附近的侧凹(undercut)62。此外,所述安装杯58包括从安装杯58的中心部分向上地延伸的支座64(参见图3)。在所述容器24内的阀组件(未示出)包括从所述支座64向上地延伸的阀杆66。所述阀杆66是类似于在美国专利US4,068,782中所描述的那样的倾斜致动型,所述美国专利的全部内容以引用的方式被结合到这里。当所述阀杆66的远端68倾斜远离所述容器24的纵轴线54达到足够程度时,也就是,倾斜到操作或致动位置时,所述阀组件打开并且所述容器24的内容物通过所述阀杆66中的排出孔或排出端70而被排出。所述容器24的内容物可以被连续排出或者以计量的剂量被排出。进一步地,可以以多种方式实现所述容器24的内容物的排出,举例来说,排出可以包括部分计量剂量排出或多个相继(consecutive)的排出。
参考图4A和4B,所述外壳22包括从侧壁30的内壁74径向向内地延伸的保持结构72和接近所述外壳22的上部部分28的顶壁36的内表面76。更具体地,所述保持结构72包括多个被模制到所述外壳22中的凸缘78,其从所述侧壁30和顶壁36径向向内地延伸。多个凸缘78的远端被构造成弹性地弯曲。
通过将容器24向上地插入穿过外壳22的底端将容器24可操作地放置到外壳22中。继续插入,也就是,沿着大体上平行于纵轴线54的路径移动容器24,将使得安装杯58与保持结构72相互作用。进一步的向上移动使得安装杯58推动弹性凸缘78在安装杯58之上弯曲并且使得多个凸缘78的远端卡扣到安装杯58的侧凹62中。这种卡扣配合连接将容器24保持在外壳22中并处于操作位置。多个凸缘78是充分挠性的以允许所述容器24相对于保持结构72和外壳22倾斜,如同在图4B中所示的那样,但是是足够刚性的以将所述容器24保持在外壳22之内。在本实施方式中,当容器24被保持在外壳22内时,阀杆66的一部分通过干涉配合而大体上固定不动地位于在由所述壁42限定的开口80内,其包括大体上圆柱形的远端。更具体地,当容器24被可操作地连接于外壳22时,阀杆66相对于外壳22是大体上不移动的。相反,如同下面详细地描述的那样,容器24相对于外壳22移动同时阀杆66被保持固定以致动容器24。
也可以预期到,可以对保持结构72进行修改。例如,可以提供更少或更多数量的多个凸缘78以与容器24的表面相互作用。保持结构72的多个凸缘78可以是相对弹性的或相对刚性的,这取决于容器24的外表面的外形。进一步地,保持结构72可以以固定方式或可拆卸方式被连接于外壳22或者包括固定以及自由部分,其允许容器24相对于外壳倾斜。如同在图4A和4B中所示的那样,保持结构72被模制到侧壁30中。可选地,图5和6示出了保持结构72的另一实施方式,其包括从多个从环形支架82径向向内地延伸的凸缘78。环形支架82自由地搁靠在从侧壁30的内表面74以及顶壁36的内表面76延伸的平台84上。在另一实施方式中,容器24经由螺纹接合(未示出)被连接于保持结构72。对本领域技术人员而言显而易见地,存在多种将容器24保持在外壳22之内的装置。例如,在一不同的实施方式中,保持结构类似于在2007年5月25日提交的、申请序列号为11/805,976的美国专利申请中所示出的保持结构,所述美国专利申请的全部内容以引用的方式被结合到这里,该保持结构可以被提供和被修改用以与这里所描述的任何实施方式结合使用。在再一实施方式中,在插入外壳22中之前,保持结构72被设置在容器24上和/或通过侧壁30或顶壁36中的开口将容器24插入到外壳22中。其它实施方式利用外壳22的一些部分和容器24之间的干涉配合以将其保持在外壳22之内。进一步地,在美国专利US4,133,448,US5,027,982,和US5,649,645中所描述的卡扣配合和锁定保持结构也可以适于与这里所描述的任何实施方式结合使用,所有这些美国专利的全部内容以引用的方式被结合到这里。
参考图3,4A和4B,支撑件86从顶壁36的内表面76向下地延伸并且在接近所述外壳22的基座部分26的位置处连接到所述侧壁30的内壁74。所述支撑件86支撑具有布置在其上的控制电路(未示出)的印刷电路板88。所述支撑件86也适于保持D.C.电源90,举例来说,在本实施方式中所述电源90包括两个AA电池(参见图3)。在不同的实施方式中,由可再充电的镍-镉电池组代替所述AA电池,所述可再充电的镍-镉电池组具有能被用来将电池组连接到A.C.电源插座(未示出)的电引线(未示出)。在另一实施方式中,由A.C.电源适配器代替所述D.C.电源90,所述A.C.电源适配器具有本领域技术人员已知的合适的电源变压器和A.C./D.C.转换器。再次参考图3、4A和4B,用户选择开关组件92被布置为邻近印刷电路板88的顶部部分。所述用户选择开关组件92包括从其向上延伸并且穿过切口48的指状物94。所述指状物94可以被用来选择用于所述电路的不同的操作模式(如同下面更详细地讨论的那样)。布置在印刷电路板88上的发光二极管(LED)被布置为接近所述外壳22的透光棒52。
所述控制电路允许驱动机构或驱动单元100的电致动,以使流体从所述容器24排出。如同在图4A和4B中所示的那样,所述驱动单元100是被布置为邻近所述电路板88的螺线管102。所述驱动单元100能被安装到所述支撑件86或者所述电路板88的一部分。在本实施方式中,所述螺线管102是由俄亥俄州的万达利亚(Vandalia)的思博公司(Saia-Burgess Inc.)销售的C Frame,Size C5直流操作的螺线管。然而,在不背离这里所描述的原理的情况下可以使用本领域普通技术人员已知的其它螺线管。例如,所述螺线管能是由印第安纳州(IN)的米沙沃卡(Mishawaka)的三科技有限责任公司(Tri-Tech,LLC)制造的螺线管,诸如15510系列螺线管致动器。所述螺线管102包括通过螺钉、粘结剂或任何其它合适的装置而被连接到所述支撑件86和/或所述电路板88的安装支架104。电枢106从所述螺线管102朝着所述外壳22的基座部分26向下地延伸。在本实施方式中,所述驱动单元100的纵轴线108是大体上平行于所述容器24的纵轴线54的。双臂曲柄(bell crank)110大体上横向于容器24地延伸并且连接器112将所述电枢106机械地连接到所述双臂曲柄110。所述双臂曲柄110额外地被连接到连接构件114,所述连接构件114围绕所述容器24的本体56。所述连接构件114包括具有稍为大于所述容器24的本体56的直径的环形部分116。当所述容器24可操作地连接到所述外壳22时,通过所述环形部分116插入所述容器24的本体56并且由保持结构72保持所述容器24的安装杯58。在这种方式中,所述连接构件114将所述容器24的本体56固定在所述外壳22内并且将所述电枢106的向下移动,也就是,在平行于所述驱动单元100的纵轴线108的方向上的移动,转变成所述容器24的侧向移动,这在下面将更详细地描述。在其它实施方式中,所述连接构件114能是将所述驱动单元100的移动转变成所述容器24的本体56的侧向或横向移动的任何结构或机构。
在打开阀组件并且释放所述容器24的内容物之前,所述电枢106、连接器112和双臂曲柄110被定位在预致动位置118,例如在图4A中所示的那样。当处于所述预致动位置118时,所述容器24被保持为大体上平行于致动器装置20的纵轴线54,也就是,所述容器24的纵轴线大体上平行于所述纵轴线54。然而,在其它实施方式中,可以以不同的方式定位所述外壳22内的结构,只要施加到所述容器24的本体56的力能致动所述倾斜阀杆66。当所述电枢106、连接器112和双臂曲柄110被转变到致动位置120时,例如在图4B中所示的那样,所述容器24被倾斜为远离所述纵轴线54至足以打开或致动所述阀组件的距离。如同上面所指出的那样,以实质上固定不动的方式保持所述阀杆66。可选地,可以移动所述容器24的位置以当处于所述致动位置120时所述阀杆66处于部分打开位置。
转向图4B,现在将更详细地描述根据本实施方式的螺线管102的致动。当接收到致动信号时,所述螺线管102被供电以沿着大体上平行于所述致动器装置20的纵轴线54和所述驱动单元100的纵轴线108的路径向下地磁性地驱动所述电枢106。所述电枢106的直线运动通过连接器112被转变成所述双臂曲柄110的转动移动,所述连接器112充当它们之间的机械联动装置。双臂曲柄110和连接构件114的转动移动使得所述容器24围绕所述纵轴线54转动同时阀杆66被保持在合适的位置处,因此使得阀杆66进入打开位置。当所述螺线管102解除致动时,所述电枢106被向上推动到所述螺线管102中,因此允许所述连接器112和所述双臂曲柄110返回到在图4A中所示的预致动位置118。在没有用来围绕纵轴线54转动容器24的任何横向力的情况下,所述容器24返回到大体上平行于所述纵轴线54的位置并且所述阀杆66返回到关闭位置并防止流体排出。可以通过一个或多个弹簧或类似弹簧的机构(未示出)、由机械地连接的电枢106施加的力、由容器24内的阀组件施加的力、重力、或本领域技术人员已知的任何其它装置实现所述容器24返回到大体上平行位置和所述阀杆66返回到关闭位置。
也能在不给所述螺线管102供电的情况下手动地致动图4A和4B的致动器装置20。在本实施方式中,所述双臂曲柄110是大体上与按钮32和圆柱形棒34对准的。使用者能压下所述按钮32以使得所述圆柱形棒34移动所述双臂曲柄110并且将所述容器34手动地移动到图4B所示的致动位置。
通过这里所描述的实施方式进一步认识到倾斜致动的阀杆66的益处,其倾斜所述容器24同时将倾斜致动的阀杆66保持在大体上固定的位置以致动所述阀组件。因此,通过把容器24看作杆臂并且将保持结构72看作支点进一步减少被施加来致动所述阀杆66的力,其中力经由驱动单元100和所披露的联动装置系统被施加到所述容器24上的远离所述保持结构72的点处。
可以预期得到,所述螺线管102将被驱动一合适的持续时间和/或被合适地位移以完全或部分打开所述阀杆66。可以以本领域技术人员已知的方式修改任何元件,举例来说,所述电枢106、连接器112、和双臂曲柄110行进的特定距离和/或这些元件的长度以调节所述元件之间的机械关系并且以实现所述容器24相对于所述阀杆66的部分或完全倾斜。在一个实施方式中,所述电枢106被保持在排出位置一预定时期或一喷射时期。所述喷射时期的持续时间通常等于大约170毫秒。实际上,如果期望的话,所述电枢106能被保持在所述排出位置直到用尽容器的所有内容物。进一步地,响应于单个致动信号的发生可以多次移动所述电枢106以提供多个相继排出。当从连续排出容器的单个排出不是所期望的或当间歇排出是所期望的时多个相继排出可能是有利的。
图7示出了本实施方式的时序图,其示出了在使用状态期间所述致动器装置20的操作。最初,通过将所述指状物94从“关闭(OFF)”位置移动到四个操作模式150、152、154、156(参见图1)中的一个给所述致动器装置20供电,于是所述致动器装置20进入启动延迟期。四个操作模式150、152、154、156各自对应于相继喷射期之间的预定睡眠期。例如,第一操作模式150能对应于五分钟的睡眠期,第二操作模式152能对应于七分半钟的睡眠期,第三操作模式154能对应于十五分钟的睡眠期,并且第四操作模式156能对应于三十分钟的睡眠期。对于本例子,我们将假定已经选择了第一操作模式150。当所述启动延迟期完成时,在第一喷射期期间使所述螺线管102从所述致动器装置20排出流体。所述启动延迟期是大约三秒长的时间,并且所述喷射期通常是大约170毫秒长的时间。当所述第一喷射期完成时,所述致动器装置20进入持续五分钟的第一睡眠期。当所述第一睡眠期届满时致动所述螺线管102以在第二喷射期期间排出流体。其后,所述致动器装置20进入持续五分钟的第二睡眠期。在本例子中,所述致动器装置20的手动致动中断所述第二睡眠期,于是在第三喷射期期间散放流体。自动操作其后继续在睡眠期和喷射期之间交替。在睡眠期期间的任何时间,使用者通过压下所述按钮32能手动地致动所述致动器装置20一选择时间段或固定时间段。当所述手动喷射操作终止时,所述致动装置20完成未进行的睡眠期。其后,进行喷射操作。
在另一实施方式中,所述开关组件92可以由光电池运动传感器代替和/或补充。也可以使用本领域技术人员已知的其它运动探测器,举例来说,被动红外运动传感器或热电运动传感器、红外反射运动传感器、超声波运动传感器、或者雷达或微波无线运动传感器。所述光电池收集周围的光并且允许所述控制电路检测其强度的任何变化。所述控制电路对所述光电池输出进行过滤并且确定是否已经到达了临界光状态,举例来说,预定光强度或光强度的改变程度。如果到达了,所述控制电路产生一信号以致动所述螺线管102。例如,如果所述致动器装置20被放置在照明的浴室内,人走过所述传感器可能阻挡足够量的周围光到达所述传感器从而使得所述控制电路致动所述螺线管102并且排出流体。
也可以想象得到,所述开关组件92可以用振动传感器、气味传感器、热传感器、或本领域技术人员已知的任何其它传感器代替或补充。可选地,多于一个传感器可以被提供在所述致动器装置20内以代替所述开关组件92或者与所述开关组件92相结合。也可以期望得到,本领域技术人员可以提供任何类型的传感器,所述任何类型的传感器单独地或者与所述开关组件92和/或其它传感器相结合以满足使用者的需求。在一个特定实施方式中,所述开关组件92和传感器被设置在同一致动器装置20内。在这种实施方式中,使用者可以选择使用基于定时器的开关组件92以自动地操作所述致动器装置20的驱动单元100,或者使用者可以选择使用所述传感器以探测致动所述致动器装置20之前的给定事件。可选地,所述致动器装置20可以同时以基于定时器的操作模式和以基于传感器的操作模式操作。
在一个实施方式中,当所述致动器装置20处于操作状态时所述LED 96照亮所述透光棒52。在睡眠期期间所述LED 96每十五秒间歇地闪烁一次。取决于所选择的操作模式,当喷射期即将来临时所述LED 96的闪烁频率开始增加。所述LED96的更频繁的照亮用作所述致动器装置20将要把流体内容物排出到大气中的可视信号。
可以想象得到,在不脱离这里所描述的原理的情况下能使用不同的驱动单元100。例如,在2007年5月10日提交的、申请序列号为11/801,554的美国专利申请中所描述的驱动单元,所述美国专利申请的全部内容以引用的方式被结合到这里,可以与这里所描述的任何实施方式结合使用。
在图8中所示的另一实施方式中,压电线性马达202代替所述螺线管202。所述压电线性马达202包括压电元件204,当被提供有特定程度的电时其以预定的方式线性地收缩和伸展。传统的压电致动器通过堆叠多个压电板或盘制造,其中板或盘的堆叠在平行于该堆叠的轴线的方向上线性地伸展。本实施方式的压电线性马达202可以包括一马达,该马达类似于德国的卡尔斯鲁厄(Karlmhe)的Physik Instrumente GmbH&Co.制造的马达。也可以预期得到,本领域技术人员已知的其它压电装置,举例来说,压电管致动器,可以与这里所披露的实施方式一起使用。
在本实施方式中,所述压电元件204在预致动位置(未示出)和致动位置206之间转变,所述预致动位置和致动位置206分别大体上类似于在上面结合图4A和4B描述的预致动位置118和致动位置206。当处于图8所示的致动位置206时,已知电压被施加到所述压电元件204,使得其在平行于所述致动器装置20的纵轴线54以及所述驱动单元100的纵轴线108的方向上直线地伸展。所述压电元件204移动到所述致动位置206,以在上面结合图4B所讨论的类似方式使得所述容器24转动地移动和所述阀杆66致动。给所述压电线性马达202断电以如同在上面结合图4A所讨论的类似方式允许所述压电元件204收缩以及所述容器24返回到预致动位置。可以以类似于这里所讨论的任何操作方法或本领域技术人员已知的其它方法的方式由电路控制所述压电线性马达202的收缩和伸展顺序。
现在转向图9A和9B,示出了驱动单元100的不同实施方式,其包括代替了所述螺线管102的双金属致动器302。所述双金属致动器302包括双金属元件304,当被加热时其以预定的方式收缩和伸展。传统的双金属元件包括至少两个金属带,其展现出不同的热膨胀性能。通过将两个这种金属带结合在一起,例如通过铜焊、焊接或铆接,当施加已知程度的热时双金属致动器302将经历预定的物理变形。所述双金属致动器302可以包括响应于来自计时器或传感器的电信号的自备(self contained)热源。例如,上文中描述的控制电路可以适于响应于特定时间间隔的届满而致动加热器。本领域技术人员将会认识到,许多不同类型的加热器可以与这里所描述的实施方式一起使用,举例来说,电阻加热器,例如金属氧化物电阻器,可以与双金属致动器302一起使用。
如同在图9B中所示的那样,当已知程度的热量被提供给所述双金属致动器302时,所述双金属元件304转变到致动位置306并且在大体上横向于所述致动器装置20的纵轴线54和所述驱动单元100的纵轴线108的方向上弯曲。在所述致动位置306,所述双金属元件304的远端308在横向方向上朝着所述容器24弯曲。所述双金属元件304的弯曲以如同在上面结合图4B所讨论的那样的类似方式使得所述容器24转动移动并且使得所述阀杆66致动。当终止供热或进行冷却操作时,所述双金属元件304以如同在上面结合图4A所讨论的那样的类似方式收缩回到预致动位置310(参见图9A)。
在图9A和9B的实施方式中,所述双金属元件304被直接连接到所述双臂曲柄110并且所述双臂曲柄110直接接合所述容器24而不是经由连接构件接合所述容器24。此外,开关312被布置在所述印刷电路板88上。所述开关312与所述圆柱形棒34和所述按钮32相对准,使得所述按钮32的手动压下使得所述开关312致动。在本实施方式中,响应于压下所述按钮32以致动所述开关312,或者本领域技术人员已知的任何其它方法,可以由所述控制电路自动地产生控制所述双金属致动器302的致动信号,举例来说,在上面接合图7所讨论的操作模式150-156中的其中一个期间。进一步地,所述按钮32和所述开关312装置能与这里所描述的任何实施方式结合使用以致动所述驱动单元100。
在图10A和10B所示的再另一实施方式中,所述驱动单元100包括电响应线402,举例来说,形状记忆合金(SMA)。在本实施方式中,所述SMA是镍钛合金,其由加利福尼亚(CA)的圣拉斐尔(San Rafael)的Mondo-tronics公司(Mondo-tronics,Inc.)以商标出售。当被供应有已知程度的热量时所述电响应线402以可预知的方式收缩和伸展。当所述电响应线402被连接到电源时,所述线402的电阻产生所述线402变形所需要的热。
在本实施方式中,所述电响应线402围绕所述容器24缠绕并且被连接到布置在所述支撑件86上的线安装件404。在图10A所示的预致动位置406,所述电响应线402与所述容器24相分离或者与所述容器24接触到不足以移动所述容器24并打开所述阀组件的程度。也可以预期得到,可以修改所述致动器装置20以便于所述容器24和所述电响应线402之间的容易接触。当接收到致动信号时,所述电响应线402收缩并且将足以完全或部分打开所述阀组件并将所述容器24放置在致动位置408(参见图10B)的横向运动提供到所述容器24。给所述电响应线402断电使得其伸展回到所述预致动位置406,因此允许所述容器24返回到大体上平行于所述纵轴线54的位置并且使得所述阀杆66返回到闭合位置(参见图10A)。可以通过电路以类似于这里所讨论的任何操作方法或本领域技术人员已知的任何其它方法的方式控制所述电响应线4802的收缩和伸展序列,包括使用类似于在上面结合图9A和9B所描述的开关312的开关。
图11A和11B示出了驱动单元100的另一实施方式,其包括马达502和凸轮构件504。所述凸轮构件504与减速齿轮部分506是一体的,其被可操作地连接到布置在所述马达502的轴510上的小齿轮508。在预致动位置512,例如在图11A中所示的那样,所述凸轮构件504与所述容器24间隔开或者与所述容器24接触到不足以移动所述容器24和打开所述阀组件的程度。当接收到致动信号时,所述马达502在逆时针方向上转动,因此使得所述凸轮构件504将足以将所述容器24移动到致动位置514并且全部或部分打开所述阀组件的横向运动提供到所述容器24(参见图11B)。响应于解除致动信号,所述马达502在相反的顺时针方向上转动以使得所述凸轮构件504移动回到预致动位置512,因此允许所述容器24返回到大体上平行于所述纵轴线54的位置并且使得所述阀杆66返回到闭合位置。可以由电路以类似于这里所讨论的任何操作方法或者本领域技术人员已知的任何其它方法的方式控制所述马达502以及所述凸轮构件504的致动和解除致动。
本实施方式也包括散放构件516,其被提供以将所述阀杆66固定在大体上平行于所述致动器装置20的纵轴线54的位置并且使得所述阀杆66与所述排出孔40相对准。能通过干涉配合、螺钉接合、卡扣配合或者本领域技术人员已知的其它类型的锁定装置将所述散放构件516固定到所述阀杆66。进一步地,所述散放构件516能与所述外壳22是一体的或者能以其它方式被固定到所述外壳22。此外,所述散放构件516能类似于在申请序列号为11/801,554的美国专利申请中所描述的散放构件,其在上文中以引用的方式被结合于此,或者能是能保持所述阀杆64并且使得所述阀杆64与所述排出孔40相对准的任何其它类型的合适的散放构件。
图12示出了再另一实施方式,其中由所述外壳22单独经由所述阀杆66保持所述容器24。在本实施方式中,所述壁42螺纹地接合所述阀杆66以将所述阀杆66固定到所述壁42。在不同实施方式中,所述阀杆66通过干涉配合、卡扣配合、或者本领域技术人员已知的其它方式被固定到所述壁42。进一步地,这里所披露的任何驱动单元100能被用在本实施方式中以移动所述容器24并且致动所述阀杆66。
也可以想象得到,在不脱离这里所描述的原理的情况下所述驱动单元100能被布置在不同操作位置和/或方位。同样,可以想象得到,可以使用其它机械联动装置系统将转动运动和横向力给予所述容器24。如同在图13中所示的那样,驱动单元100a、100b和100c分别能被定位为接近所述容器24的顶部、所述容器24的底部和它们之间。可以想象得到,所述驱动单元100a-c可以被定位在围绕所述容器24的本体56的任何位置处。进一步地,所述驱动单元100可以被定位在许多方位上,其中所述驱动单元100的中心轴线108平行于、垂直于所述致动器装置20的纵轴线54或者与所述致动器装置20的纵轴线54成任何其它角度(参见驱动单元100c)。所述双臂曲柄108和/或所述连接器110能被如何调节以保持与所述容器24和所述驱动单元100操作连接对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的。在其它实施方式中,能省略所述连接器110或者可以包括额外的连接器或臂以形成可操作的机械联动装置系统。更进一步地,申请序列号为11/801,554的美国专利申请,在上文中以引用的方式被结合,披露了能与这里所描述的任何实施方式结合使用的驱动单元和机械联动装置系统的其它方位。
可以修改这里所描述的任何实施方式以包括不同的实施方式所披露的任何结构或方法。也可以预期得到,任何驱动单元100可以被修改或者被提供有额外的结构以增强它们的功能和/或可操作性,举例来说,以增加来自驱动单元100的被施加到所述容器24的力。也可以修改本实施方式以增强消费者与致动器装置的交互或者帮助将所述容器插入和/或对准所述致动器装置。进一步地,本发明不被限定到所示的特定类型的容器。实际上,可以修改这里所披露的任何实施方式的致动器装置以与任何类型的气雾剂或非气雾剂倾斜致动容器一起工作。然而,也可以预期得到,可以提供结构以防止利用某些容器从而防止损坏容器和/或致动器装置。
工业应用性
这里所描述的致动器装置有利地结合气雾剂容器,包括倾斜致动的阀杆和接合所述气雾剂容器以将所述阀杆置于操作位置的驱动单元。进一步地,提供控制电路以允许所述致动器装置将所述阀杆自动地置于操作位置和散放所述容器的内容物。能响应于多个不同的源,举例来说,选择开关、手动按钮、和/或各种传感器以将所述阀杆放置在操作位置。
基于前面的描述,本发明的多种修改对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的。因此,这个描述将被解释为仅仅是示例性的并且提供该描述的目的是使得本领域技术人员能制造和使用本发明以及提供教导执行其的最好模型。保留有落在附属权利要求的范围内的所有修改的专有权。
Claims (19)
1.一种挥发性材料散放器,包括:
适于接纳容器的外壳,其中所述容器包括带有排出端的倾斜致动的阀杆,并且其中所述阀杆的排出端适于与所述外壳的排出孔流体连通;
散放构件,所述散放构件将所述阀杆固定在大体上平行于所述外壳的纵轴线的位置处并且将所述阀杆与所述排出孔相对准;和
被布置在所述外壳内的驱动单元,其中所述驱动单元包括双金属致动器、压电线性马达、电响应线、或螺线管,其适于将横向运动提供给所述容器的本体。
2.如权利要求1所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括被接纳在所述外壳中的容器。
3.如权利要求1所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括容器,所述容器在该容器的上部部分处被可拆卸地保持在所述外壳的内侧。
4.如权利要求1所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中当处于预致动位置时所述驱动单元的纵轴线被布置成平行于容器的纵轴线。
5.如权利要求1所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中响应于电信号的接收而提供所述横向运动。
6.如权利要求5所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中由传感器产生所述电信号。
7.如权利要求5所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中由计时电路产生所述电信号。
8.如权利要求5所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中通过手动按钮的压下产生所述电信号。
9.一种挥发性材料散放器,包括:
适于接纳容器的外壳,所述容器具有倾斜致动的阀杆,其中所述外壳包括排出孔;
适于被布置在所述阀杆的一部分上的散放构件,其中所述散放构件实质上固定不动地将所述阀杆固定在大体上平行于所述外壳的纵轴线的位置处,并且将所述阀杆与所述排出孔相对准,并且将所述阀杆布置为与所述排出孔流体连通;和
被布置在所述外壳内的驱动单元,其中所述驱动单元包括双金属致动器、压电线性马达、电响应线、或螺线管,其适于将横向运动提供给所述容器的本体。
10.如权利要求9所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括被接纳在所述外壳中的容器。
11.如权利要求9所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中所述驱动单元包括适于沿着大体上平行于所述外壳的纵轴线的路径移动的电枢。
12.如权利要求9所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中响应于电信号的接收而提供所述横向运动。
13.如权利要求12所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中通过手动按钮的致动、传感器、计时电路中的至少一个产生所述电信号。
14.如权利要求9所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括控制电路,用于自动地产生传送到所述驱动单元的致动信号。
15.一种挥发性材料散放器,包括:
适于接纳容器的外壳,所述容器具有倾斜致动的阀杆,其中所述外壳包括排出孔和保持结构,并且其中所述排出孔适于接收所述阀杆并且所述保持结构适于保持所述容器的上部部分;
散放构件,所述散放构件将所述阀杆固定在大体上平行于所述外壳的纵轴线的位置处并且将所述阀杆与所述排出孔相对准;和
被布置在所述外壳内的驱动单元,其中所述驱动单元适于接合所述容器的下部部分以致动所述阀杆。
16.如权利要求15所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括被接纳在所述外壳中的容器。
17.如权利要求15所述的挥发性材料散放器,其中所述驱动单元在邻近所述容器的底部处接合所述容器的本体。
18.如权利要求15所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括选择开关,用于设定所述驱动单元的自动致动。
19.如权利要求15所述的挥发性材料散放器,进一步包括用于手动地致动所述驱动单元的按钮。
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2007
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2008
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- 2008-08-13 EP EP08795270A patent/EP2222575A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-08-13 BR BRPI0815184 patent/BRPI0815184A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-08-13 AU AU2008289531A patent/AU2008289531A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-13 KR KR20107004139A patent/KR20100059819A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-08-13 WO PCT/US2008/009665 patent/WO2009025742A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-08-13 CA CA 2696045 patent/CA2696045A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-13 CN CN2008801115128A patent/CN102015484B/zh active Active
- 2008-08-15 AR ARP080103575 patent/AR067956A1/es unknown
-
2013
- 2013-09-11 US US14/024,355 patent/US9061821B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9061821B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
BRPI0815184A2 (pt) | 2015-03-31 |
AR067956A1 (es) | 2009-10-28 |
US20090045220A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
CN102015484A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
WO2009025742A3 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
US8556122B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
EP2222575A2 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
JP2011502739A (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
WO2009025742A2 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
KR20100059819A (ko) | 2010-06-04 |
CA2696045A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
AU2008289531A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
US20140008385A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
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