CN102099261A - 具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置 - Google Patents

具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN102099261A
CN102099261A CN2009801226892A CN200980122689A CN102099261A CN 102099261 A CN102099261 A CN 102099261A CN 2009801226892 A CN2009801226892 A CN 2009801226892A CN 200980122689 A CN200980122689 A CN 200980122689A CN 102099261 A CN102099261 A CN 102099261A
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詹姆斯·克莱顿·贝尔
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Abstract

一种封装的瓶装饮料，具有在真空状态下在容器内的饮料基本成分并与原料释放封闭件的密封分隔室内的添加剂分离。在密封分隔室打开时，产生吸力迫使添加剂快速彻底地脱离原料释放封闭件(较高压力的区域)流入容器(较低压力的区域)内的基本成分中。

Description

具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置
在作为接收局的美国专利商标局的专利合作条约适用
特此通告，本人詹姆士克莱顿贝尔是美国公民，发明了具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置中的一些新的和有用的改进，下文包括对上面改进的说明。
优先权和交叉引用
在法律所允许的最大范围内，本申请作为专利合作条约申请要求2008年4月16日以发明人詹姆士克莱顿贝尔和专利受让人GeorgiaCrown Distributing Co.的名义提交的序列号为12/103,916，发明名称为具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置的美国非临时申请的优先权和权益。
技术领域
本发明总体涉及封装的瓶装饮料，尤其涉及这种具有封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置，该封闭件内包含分隔室，装在分隔室中的添加剂在消费者随后打开瓶子的情况下释放入瓶子内。
背景技术
消费者变得对食品和饮料产品的新鲜度越来越挑剔。因此，食品和饮料生产厂已经开发了包装，其通过允许消费者在饮用前才混合附加的原料来提供这种新鲜度。例如，酸奶容器具有盖子，该盖子具有用于储藏诸如麦片、干果、加糖糖果等等之类添加剂的密封分隔室。消费者在饮用前才打开密封分隔室并将添加剂与酸奶混合。
饮料生产厂渴望为消费者提供关于在饮用前才将诸如香料、维他命、天然原料等等之类的添加剂合并到饮料的基本成分的相同经历。已经开发了许多用于封装的瓶装饮料的封闭件，这些封闭件包含用于储藏添加剂的分隔室。这些原料释放封闭件具有用于释放添加剂的各种机构。例如，一些原料释放封闭件包含易碎的封口，可通过刺穿、切割或撕裂等来破坏该封口以释放原料。易碎的封口通常设计为在封闭件从容器分离前破裂，因此使得储藏在原料释放封闭件内的添加剂与饮料的基本成分混合，同时洒到附近表面或消费者上的添加剂最少。其他原料释放封闭件利用塞子型机构密封在容器本体和装有添加剂的分隔室之间的开口。在移动塞子时，添加剂释放到饮料的基本成分中。
无论用于将添加剂释放到容器内的机构如何，添加剂必须充分快速地从原料释放封闭件排出以确保为消费者提供优质的产品。充分排出部分地依赖于原料释放封闭件的结构。原料释放封闭件应当设计为在分隔室的开口和容器本体之间具有最小化的阻塞，使得添加剂从原料释放封闭件到容器内的流动畅通。由于其对添加剂流动的影响，添加剂的粘性在排出中也起作用。较高粘性的添加剂(如那些具有糖浆似稠度的添加剂)与较低粘性的添加剂(如那些具有水似稠度的添加剂)相比，具有较慢的流速。如果原料释放封闭件具有引起阻塞的结构，关于控制流速的问题是复杂的。
因此，在本领域中存在开发一种用于改善添加剂流速的解决方案的需要，从而当从原料释放封闭件释放时，这些添加剂可充分快速地排出以便立即与容器内的基本成分混合。
发明内容
简要地说明，在优选实施例中，本装置通过提供一种具有更好的添加剂输送的封装的瓶装饮料克服了上述缺点并满足公认的需要，该输送使容器内的饮料基本成分处于真空状态并与原料释放封闭件的密封分隔室内的添加剂分离。在密封分隔室打开时，产生吸力迫使添加剂快速彻底地脱离原料释放封闭件(较高压力的区域)流入容器(较低压力的区域)内的基本成分中。
因此，本发明的一个特征和优点在于其能提供一种方法，该方法通过在封盖过程中将压缩力应用到容纳部的外部表面以在容器内产生真空来改进装在原料释放封闭件的密封分隔室内的添加剂到装在容器的容纳部内饮料的基本成分的输送。
本发明的另一个特征和优点在于其能提供一种灌装工厂中的容器封闭装置，在封盖期间该容器封闭装置高效地将压缩力应用到容器，从而在密封容器内产生真空。
本发明的还有一个特征和优点在于其能提供一种用于消毒清洁容器盖子的系统和方法，其中预装填盖子的清洁度确保对封装的瓶装饮料的质量或味道没有任何不利的影响。
对本领域普通技术人员来说，本发明的这些和其他特征和优点在根据附图阅读以下详细说明和权利要求之后将变得更加明显。
附图说明
因此，通过考虑和参考以下附图并结合这里提到的详细说明将能更好地理解本发明，其中贯穿多个图的相同的参考数字表示相同的结构，其中：
图1A为本发明的容器的侧视图；
图1B为本发明的封装的瓶装饮料的侧视图；
图2为图1A中容器在线2-2处的横截面视图；
图3为图1B中封装的瓶装饮料在线3-3处的横截面视图；
图4为本发明的装置及方法中使用的封盖机星轮机构的示意图；
图5为根据本发明的装置及方法的容器进入容器封闭装置的立体图；
图6为本发明的装置及方法中使用的可调节导轨的俯视立体图；
图7为根据本发明的装置及方法的容器与容器封闭装置的可调节导轨接触的立体图；
图8为原料释放封闭件密封到容器顶部的剖视图；
图9为与图10和图11中封盖处理机构一起使用的计量泵和处理剂储藏单元的示意图；
图10为本发明的装置及方法中使用的盖子处理机构的示意图；和
图11为图10中盖子处理机构的一部分侧视图，示出了正被分配到盖子内的处理剂。
应该注意，所示附图仅仅是用于说明的目的，因此除了在它们被认为对所要求保护的发明是必要的情况下，其不打算或示图将本发明限制在所示结构的任意或所有精确细节。
具体实施方式
在法律所允许的最大范围内，本申请作为专利合作条约申请要求2008年4月16日以发明人詹姆士克莱顿贝尔和专利受让人GeorgiaCrown Distributing Co.的名义提交的序列号为12/103,916，发明名称为具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料及其方法和装置的美国非临时申请的优先权和权益。
在描述图1-11所示的本装置及方法的优选实施例中，为了清楚起见，使用了特定术语。然而，本发明并不打算局限于所选择的特定术语，可以理解，每种特定元件包括所有以类似方式操作以达到类似目的技术等同物。
本发明专注于封装的瓶装饮料的性能，该瓶装饮料具有装有添加剂的原料释放封闭件的附加特征，从而为消费者提供在饮用之前才新鲜混合的饮料。为了保证这种封装的瓶装饮料的质量性能，输送结果应当导致添加剂从原料释放封闭件充分及快速的排出。无论原料释放封闭件的结构如何，这种结果可通过在本发明的一个优选实施例中提供的封装的瓶装饮料达到，该封装的瓶装饮料包括：(a)包含基本成分和添加剂的饮料；(b)包括用于接收原料释放封闭件的开口和装有基本成分的容纳部的容器；(c)原料释放封闭件，其包括装有添加剂的密封分隔室、用于分配添加剂的释放机构和用于连接到容器开口的连接装置；和(d)将封闭件的连接装置连接到容器的开口以形成封装的瓶装饮料；其中基本成分在真空下装在容器内。在操作中，容器内的真空在基本成分和在原料释放封闭件内的添加剂之间产生压差。在使用释放机构从原料释放封闭件释放添加剂之后并在打开封装的瓶装饮料以饮用之前，真空充分快速地从原料释放封闭件拉出或抽出添加剂以提供新鲜混合的饮料而没有基本成分或添加剂的洒出或泄漏。在相对较高压力的区域(即，在原料释放封闭件内的添加剂)和相对较低压力的区域(即，真空下容器内的基本成分)之间的压差，使得在原料释放封闭件和容器之间产生吸力以从原料释放封闭件拉出或抽出添加剂并加到容器内的基本成分中。此外，添加剂优选高效地从原料释放封闭件排出，从而最少的剩余添加剂残存在原料释放封闭件内。
饮料的基本组分可以是水、茶、果汁、能量饮料等。添加剂可以是一种或多种香料、维他命、能量增强剂，天然原料等等并且是液体或粉末的形式。容器可以是金属、玻璃、塑料等等。优选地，容器由柔性塑料制成，如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，通常称为PET。原料释放封闭件可以是具有用于容纳添加剂的密封分隔室和诸如塞子、易碎密封等等之类的释放机构的任意结构。此外，原料释放封闭件可以是运动型封闭件。连接装置可以是波纹密封件、螺纹密封件等等，其提供足够的密封以防止外部气体进入(从而不合需要地减小容器内的真空)。真空可以通过真空泵、真空腔等等将压缩力施于容纳部的外部表面来形成。
参考图1A和1B，封装的瓶装饮料10包括容器11和原料释放封闭件12。容器11优选由柔性塑料制成，如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯等。容器11具有用于盛装饮料基本组分的容纳部13和用于接收原料释放封闭件12的开口14。最好参见图1B和图8，如所示，原料释放封闭件12优选为具有密封分隔室15、释放机构16和嘴口20的运动封闭件。图1A表示装填基本组分后且在应用原料释放封闭件12之前的容器11。容纳部13在贴标面区域17沿图1A的线2-2具有圆形横截面形状，如图2所示。图1B表示原料释放封闭件12连接到处于真空的容器11的封装的瓶装饮料10。在真空下，在下面更全面地描述的本发明的一种方法中，在贴标面区域17的横截面被真空压力改变，该压力将圆形横截面形状变形为沿图1B的线3-3的方形横截面形状，如图3所示。作为另一选择，横截面形状可以是各种不同的形状之一，如椭圆形。
在使用中，消费者通过拔起嘴口20以接合释放机构16并将添加剂转移到饮料的基本组分中来触发原料释放封闭件12。使用在本领域中可获得的其他原料释放封闭件，消费者可根据释放机构的机械功能通过扭动、施加压力等触发释放机构。
在一个实施例中，由15克到20克的PET制成的0.5公升轻质的容器11沿线2-2在贴标面区域17具有6.35厘米的真空前直径。在真空下，根据原料释放封闭件12内添加剂的粘性，该直径降低到5.84厘米到4.57厘米之间。使用百分比关系，封装的瓶装饮料10中容纳部13的直径为原料释放封闭件12连接到容器11之前容纳部13的原始大小直径的95％到65％，优选为92％到72％。对于具有6.92厘米圆形直径的0.7公升容器来说，封装的瓶装饮料10的直径优选设置在6.35厘米到4.82厘米之间。
当使用由20-25克PET制成的0.5公升的容器11时，容纳部13的壁厚较大。因此，容纳部13的横截面形状可以是椭圆形而不是方形。在如下进一步讨论的封盖过程期间，容纳部13的最终横截面形状依赖于所施加的压缩力的量。对于其中容器11由柔性塑料制成的应用来说，真空优选由向容纳部13的外部表面施加压缩力产生，这有效地减小了容纳部13的直径。作为选择，真空是利用真空泵或真空腔产生的，这对柔性的和刚性的容器一样有效。
在另一个优选实施例中，一种用于改进将装在原料释放封闭件的密封分隔室内的添加剂输送到装在封装的瓶装饮料的容纳部内的饮料中的基本成分中的方法包括提供容器、封闭件和真空装置的步骤。该容器包括(i)用于接收封闭件的开口和(ii)装有饮料基本成分的容纳部。该封闭件包括(i)装有添加剂的密封分隔室，(ii)用于分配添加剂的释放机构，和(iii)连接到容器开口的连接装置。优选地，在一个同时操作中，封闭件被连接到容器的开口且使用真空装置产生真空以形成具有处于真空的容器的封装的瓶装饮料。优选地，容器是柔性容器且通过将压缩力施加到容器的容纳部的外部表面提供真空装置。压缩力优选通过可调节导轨施加到容纳部的外部表面，该可调节导轨具有从与容器的初始接触点到与容器的最终接触点逐渐减小的弧形。其他结构，如塞子、凸起、相对板、滚筒等，可使用来应用到容纳部的外部表面。作为另一选择，可通过真空泵或真空腔来提供真空装置。
参考图4-7，本发明的另一个优选实施例示出了在瓶装饮料灌装工厂的容器封闭装置40，其通常包括可转动的封盖机星轮41、可转动的封盖机机构42(部分示出)、和与封盖机星轮41径向向外间隔开的用于将容器11保持在封盖机星轮41内的固定的后部导轨43。附加的星轮机构适当地设置以辅助容器11进出封盖机星轮41的运动。转移星轮44与封盖机星轮41配合并在进口45处将灌装后的容器11供应到封盖机星轮41中。卸货星轮46与封盖机星轮41配合并从封盖机星轮41的出口47处转移密封后的容器11a。转移星轮44和卸货星轮46具有可转动的星轮机构，该星轮机构具有适用于容纳容器的多个凹穴。
封盖机星轮41是可转动的星轮机构，其具有多个适用于容纳以流水线方式供应的容器11的封盖机凹穴48。封盖机机构42(如回转封盖机头，其与封盖机星轮41的轮子49同步转动)与置于封口机星轮41上。封盖机机构42具有多个封盖机头50，设计为将原料释放封闭件12应用到如图1A所示的容器11的螺纹颈18。最好参见图7，封盖机头50可使用离合机构从而封盖机头50以预定的力和扭矩极限值被转动和轴向向下驱动以将原料释放封闭件12紧固到容器11的螺纹颈18上。固定的后部导轨43在封盖机星轮41的进口45和出口47之间延伸。固定的后部导轨43与封盖机星轮41径向向外间隔开并作用为将容器11保持为位于封盖机凹穴48内且当封盖机星轮41转动时与封盖机机构42轴向对准。封盖机构42优选用于将该类具有螺纹的原料释放封闭件12应用到如塑料PET容器之类的容器11的螺纹颈18上。塑料容器11，如图1A所示，优选是这样的类型：其具有从螺纹颈18径向向外延伸并设置在螺纹颈18下一段间隔距离处的凸缘19。
在容器封闭装置40的操作中，灌装后的容器11通过转移星轮44在第一方向转动到封盖机星轮41上的进口45，该封盖机星轮在与转移星轮44转动方向相反的方向转动。原料释放封闭件12优选通过封盖机机构42的供给通道100提供给灌装后的容器11，该供给通道100在图8中部分可见，但是原料释放封闭件也可在进入封盖机机构42之前已经布置在螺纹颈18上。封盖机机构42具有将原料释放封闭件12连接到灌装后的容器11的转动装置。在其上具有紧固的原料释放封闭件12的密封后的容器11a在出口47处从封盖机星轮41转出到在与转移星轮44相同的方向转动的卸货星轮46并从卸货星轮转到通向进一步加工或处理设备的传送装置。
在进入容器封闭装置40时，容器11由封盖星轮41容纳在特定轮廓的封盖机凹穴48内，该凹穴优选为半圆形形状并具有和其所接合的容器11的直径相似的直径。最好参见图5，容器11优选在螺纹颈18处被保持并悬挂，其中凸缘19的下侧靠在封盖机凹穴48的上部凸缘51的顶面上。容器11的面板17通过封盖机星轮41的固定的后部导轨43支撑以便在封盖操作期间保持容器11垂直对准。
可调节导轨60，如图6所示，具有弧形元件61，该弧形元件具有近端62、远端63、弯曲内壁64和笔直外壁65。固定的紧固装置66位于远端63且可调节的紧固装置67位于近端62。参考图4，可调节导轨60以相对于固定的后部导轨43的递减半径的弧形的方式连接到固定的后部导轨43。通过将固定的紧固装置66固定到封盖机星轮41的进口45附近并将可调节的紧固装置67固定到封盖机星轮41的出口47附近而使该半径递减。固定的紧固装置66优选为穿过直径基本相同的孔的螺母和螺栓。可调节的紧固装置67优选为穿过长槽的螺母和螺栓，这允许在相对于固定的后部导轨43半径来说递减的半径的情况下的调节弧形元件61。弧形元件61的半径调节对于与不同尺寸的容器11一起使用或改变施加到容器11的压缩力的需求来说是合乎需要的。本领域公知的任意类型的紧固装置可用作可调节的紧固装置67或固定的紧固装置66。
参考图4和图7，当灌装后的容器11在封盖机星轮41内转动时，可调节的导轨60与灌装后的容器11在A点接触。在灌装后的容器11通过封盖机星轮41转动时，弧形元件61的半径递减引起可调节的导轨65在灌装后的容器11的外壁21上施加压缩力，如图7所示。在施加压缩力的同时，将原料释放封闭件12盖在灌装后的容器11上以形成具有处于真空的容器11的封装的瓶装饮料10。封装的瓶装饮料10在B点脱离可调节的导轨60并在封盖机星轮41内继续转动直到在出口47退出到卸货星轮46。在退出出口47时，封装的瓶装饮料10的容器11形状改变以适应在其内产生的真空。没有内部真空的标准的封装的瓶装饮料具有如图2所示的圆形横截面形状。当封装的瓶装饮料10的容器11内的内部真空施加负压时，容器11的形状优选变为如图3所示的方形横截面形状。
在本发明的一个实施例中，原料释放封闭件12在放置在螺纹颈18上之前进行消毒清洁，优选当处于供给通道100中时。如图10和图11总体所描述的，原料释放封闭件12通过供给通道100的封盖斜槽102输送到封盖机机构42。在这一优选实施例中，如图9所示，供给通道100配有计量泵系统104和储藏单元105，其中一个或多个喷雾喷嘴106邻近封盖斜槽102安装以将计量剂量的消毒剂108喷雾进原料释放封闭件12中。根据优选实施例，消毒剂108包含过乙酸(过氧乙酸，PAA)；然而，其他具有同样高的氧化潜能、同样的抗微生物效果、和/或其他同样合乎需要的和食品安全特性的抗菌剂可交替使用。就在将原料释放封闭件12放置在螺纹颈18上之前，通过一个或多个喷雾喷嘴106将计量的消毒剂108输送到原料释放封闭件12防止任何不期望的夹杂物包含在封装的瓶装饮料10内，有效地消毒清洁了原料释放封闭件12，然而没有影响封装的瓶装饮料10的味道。以前公知的封盖消毒清洁系统，如臭氧水沐浴，不利于这样的最终结果，而是有限地在从空封盖清除灰尘方面取得成功，尽管如此，如果在原料释放封闭件12完全装配之后并在最接近对封装的瓶装饮料10进行封盖的时间时采用这些系统，该系统会不利地影响原料释放封闭件12的添加剂。
尽管已经描述了本发明的具体实施例，本领域技术人员应当注意公开内容仅仅是示例性的并且可在本发明的范围和精神内作出各种其他的选择、改进、和改变。此外，本发明不足限于这里所描述的特定实施例。

Claims (15)

1.一种封装的瓶装饮料，包括：
a.包含基本成分和添加剂的饮料；
b.包括用于接收封闭件的开口和装有所述基本成分的容纳部的容器；
c.原料释放封闭件，其包括装有所述添加剂的密封分隔室、用于分配该添加剂的释放机构、和用于连接到所述容器的所述开口的连接装置；
d.所述原料释放封闭件的所述连接装置连接到所述容器的所述开口以形成封装的瓶装饮料，
其中所述基本成分在真空下装在所述容器内。
2.权利要求1的封装的瓶装饮料，其中在使用所述释放机构从所述原料释放封闭件释放所述添加剂之后并在打开所述封装的瓶装饮料之前，产生吸力从而从所述原料释放封闭件抽出所述添加剂到所述容器内的所述基本成分中。
3.权利要求1的封装的瓶装饮料，其中所述真空通过向所述容纳部的外部表面施加压缩力来形成。
4.一种用于改进装在原料释放封闭件的密封分隔室内的添加剂到装在封装的瓶装饮料的容纳部内的饮料的基本成分中的输送的方法，包括以下步骤：
a.提供容器，该容器包括(i)用于接收封闭件的开口和(ii)装有饮料的基本成分的容纳部；
b.提供封闭件，该封闭件包括(i)装有添加剂的密封分隔室，(ii)用于分配所述添加剂的释放机构，和(iii)用于连接到所述容器的所述开口的连接装置；
c.提供真空装置；和
d.将所述封闭件连接到所述容器的所述开口且使用所述真空装置产生真空以形成具有处于真空下的所述容器的封装的瓶装饮料。
5.权利要求4的方法，其中所述容器是柔性容器且所述真空装置通过将压缩力施加到所述容纳部的外部表面来提供。
6.权利要求5的方法，其中所述压缩力通过可调节的导轨施加到所述容纳部的所述外部表面，该可调节的导轨具有从与所述容器的初始接触点到与所述容器的最终接触点逐渐减小的弧形。
7.权利要求4的方法，其中所述真空装置通过真空泵提供。
8.权利要求4的方法，其中所述真空装置通过真空腔来提供。
9.一种在灌装工厂的容器封闭装置，其构造为将原料释放封闭件连接到容器上以为形成处于真空下的密封容器做好准备，其包括：
a.进口，其构造并设置为允许容器进入容器封闭装置；
b.至少一个封盖机机构，其构造为将原料释放封闭件连接到容器上以形成密封容器；
c.容器保持装置，构造并设置为接收并保持所述容器以允许原料释放封闭件通过所述封盖机机构连接到容器上；
d.在所述原料释放封闭件连接到所述容器上期间用于在所述容器内的空间内产生真空的装置；和
e.出口，其构造并设置为允许密封容器退出所述容器封闭装置。
10.权利要求9的装置，其中用于产生真空的所述装置是可调节的导轨，其具有从在所述进口处与所述容器的初始接触点到在所述出口处与所述容器的最终接触点半径逐渐减小的弧形。
11.权利要求9的装置，其中用于产生所述真空的所述装置是真空泵。
12.权利要求9的装置，其中用于产生所述真空的所述装置是真空腔。
13.一种控制具有带改进的添加剂释放功能的原料释放封闭件的封装的瓶装饮料系统内的封盖清洁度的方法，包括以下步骤：
a.获得多个密封的原料释放封闭件；
b.获得多个适合接收所述密封的原料释放封闭件并装满饮料基本成分的容纳部；和
c.就在将所述原料释放封闭件连接到所述多个容纳部之前用杀菌剂溶液对所述多个密封的原料释放封闭件进行喷雾。
14.权利要求13的方法，进一步包括步骤：
d.为供给通道封盖斜槽配备计量泵系统和一个或多个喷雾喷嘴；和
e.将计量剂量的所述溶液从所述一个或多个喷雾喷嘴输送到所述多个密封的原料释放封闭件。
15.权利要求13的方法，其中所述杀菌剂溶液进一步包括过乙酸。
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