CN102139859A - Self-adjusting hydrogen generator - Google Patents
Self-adjusting hydrogen generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102139859A CN102139859A CN2010102071501A CN201010207150A CN102139859A CN 102139859 A CN102139859 A CN 102139859A CN 2010102071501 A CN2010102071501 A CN 2010102071501A CN 201010207150 A CN201010207150 A CN 201010207150A CN 102139859 A CN102139859 A CN 102139859A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adjusting hydrogen generator which is particularly suitable for hydrolyzing hydroboron to prepare hydrogen. The self-adjusting hydrogen generator comprises a material storage tank, a reactor, a buffer tank and a liquid conveying pump; the reactor passes through the material storage tank and forms a liquid storage jacket; the material storage tank, the liquid conveying pump and the reactor are connected in series by pipelines; the reactor is connected with the buffer tank by a pipeline. The hydrogen preparation generator disclosed by the invention guarantees high efficiency and high stability of hydrogen preparation, so that the feed liquid is fully utilized and the flow and the pressure for hydrogen generation are uniform.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator, be particularly useful for the borohydride hydrolytic legal system and be equipped with hydrogen.
Background technology
At chemical industry, petroleum industry is widely used in food and the metallurgical industry hydrogen as a kind of important chemical substance.Hydrogen still is a kind of energy and material of cleaning simultaneously.The utilization exploitation of current fuel cell; especially the utilization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) exploitation; having become the new millennium captures the cutting edge technology field of energy dilemma and environmental pollution in the world; particularly to the development of the Move tool that drives with hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell; classified as emphasis investment research project by developed country, and internationally, the situation having launched not only mutually cooperation between each major company but also vied each other.The major issue that the fuel cell large-scale application be badly in need of to solve is exactly how to provide hydrogen source efficiently and safely for fuel cell.
At present, fuel cell roughly has five kinds: 1) High Pressure Hydrogen gas cylinder method for providing the mode of hydrogen source; 2) low-temperature liquefaction hydrogen method; 3) methyl alcohol or gasoline reforming method; 4) the solid-state hydrogen storing method of metal hydride; 5) various inorganic hydride hydrogen storing methods.High Pressure Hydrogen gas cylinder method and low-temperature liquefaction hydrogen method all exist use and transportation in cost greatly, shortcoming such as poor stability; Though it is comparatively convenient that methyl alcohol or gasoline reforming method are used, can be hydrogen manufacturing one with storing up hydrogen molten, shortcoming is that requirement has higher reforming temperature, energy transformation ratio is low, thus the cost height, and can't reach the obnoxious flavour zero release.The solid-state hydrogen storing method of metal hydride is the hydrogen storage method of safety, but that shortcoming is a hydrogen storage capability is lower, can't be applied in the high power fuel cell, and the low temperature hydrogen discharging performance is relatively poor.Inorganic metal hydride hydrogen storage method is to utilize as sodium hydride, lithium hydride, inorganic metal hydride such as hydrolith and water reaction produce the principle of hydrogen and produce hydrogen, the characteristics of this method are that product hydrogen speed is fast, but low temperature produces hydrogen, shortcoming is a metal hydride material cost height, and the recycling difficulty is difficult to widespread use.
Sodium borohydride (NaBH
4) be a kind of material (10.6wt%H of high hydrogen storage
2), every gram NaBH
4Hydrolysis can produce 2.37 standards and rise hydrogen, is fuel cell, particularly the desirable hydrogen source of packaged type fuel cell.With the sodium borohydride is the hydrogen production by catalyzing and hydrolyzing borohydride reaction of representative, and key is to control speed of response well; Speed of response is mainly by the controls such as specific surface area, diameter and length of concentration, flow, temperature and the catalyst bed of solution.Generally very harsh to the requirement of hydrogen-manufacturing reactor, design the instability that irrational hydrogen producer very easily causes hydrogen pressure, flow, even cause fire, blast etc.Each discloses the device that hydrogen is produced in the hydrolysis of a kind of hydrogenation source patent documentation 1 (200480008485.3) and patent documentation 2 (200480025014.3), and its technical thought is to divide two spaces to store hydrogenation source and guiding liquid; During use, will guide liquid input hydrogenation source and can produce hydrogen, its defective is: can only be applicable to small hydrogen fuel battery or small test, it produces hydrogen also is that be interrupted, uncontrollable, promptly discards after the hydrogenation source runs out of, and production efficiency is low.Each discloses a kind of borohydride hydrolytic hydrogen production device patent documentation 3 (200710201627.3) and documents 4 (200710202502.2), and the reactor that is filled with catalyzer is placed in the fuel container; During use, open the valve of reactor bottom, hydroborate solution can enter reactor and hydrogen is produced in hydrolysis, and its defective is that hydrogen-producing speed is uncontrollable, and waste liquid and stock liquid mix, and production efficiency is low.Still do not have at present mass-producing, safety, efficiently, the borohydride hydrolytic legal system of low consumption is equipped with the producer of hydrogen special use, this has also limited hydrolysis method and has prepared applying of hydrogen.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of large-scale production safety, efficient, low consumption, self-adjustable hydrogen generator simple to operate of being suitable for, and is particularly useful for borohydride hydrolytic hydrogen production.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator, it comprises material-storage jar, reactor, surge tank, infusion pump, described reactor passes material-storage jar and forms a storage liquid chuck; Described material-storage jar, infusion pump, reactor are connected by pipeline; Described reactor is connected with surge tank by pipeline.
The preparation material of material-storage jar, surge tank shell is stainless steel plate, polyethylene, polypropylene etc.; The storage liquid chuck that reactor passes material-storage jar and formation is formed on the good hydroborate reaction feed liquid of storage configuration.Described hydroborate includes but not limited to one or more the mixture in borohydride salt, three borohydride salts, decahydro ten borates, 13 hydrogen, ten borates, dodecahydrododecaborates, ten octahydros, 20 borates, for other hydrogenation sources, as alkalimetal hydride or alkaline earth metal hydride, under the situation of conditions permit, also be applicable to a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of this preparation method and Ben.During use, hydroborate reaction feed liquid produces hydrogen and by product metaborate through infusion pump (can adopt manually or the automatic transmission formula) input reactor under catalyst action, and hydrogen is by pipeline input buffering jar.Because of this reaction is thermopositive reaction, in reaction process, solution contacts with catalyzer can emit a large amount of reaction heat, thereby it is too fast to cause catalyst fixed bed temperature of reaction to raise, and reaction is violent unstable, and hydrogen flowing quantity is uncontrollable; But when using reactor of the present invention, solution in the material-storage jar places chuck and fully contacts with the fixing interior pipe of catalyzer, but absorption reaction heat, can improve solution temperature on the one hand, shorten the time that reaches required speed of reaction when making solution by catalyzer, the fixed bed reaction temperature is remained in the stable scope, alleviate the hydrogen flowing quantity fluctuation that temperature of reaction drastic change causes.
Further be improved to, described a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator also comprises the waste liquid withdrawing can, and it is connected with reactor bottom, surge tank bottom respectively by pipeline.It can be made by materials such as stainless steel plate, polyethylene, polypropylene, is mainly used in the recycling to the reaction product metaborate, and the metaborate after the recovery becomes hydroborate through electrolytic reduction or metal hydride reduction, thereby recycles.
Moreover described a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator also comprises pressure unit and manometer, and described pressure unit is electrically connected with manometer, and described manometer is electrically connected with infusion pump.It forms a control loop, in order to control hydrogen manufacturing system and produce the hydrogen of required pressure, flow; Its instrument comprises PID controller, VF transmodulator etc., and they and stepper motor driver are formed the Controlling System of a control transfusion peristaltic pump jointly; Infusion pump can be set the pressure of required hydrogen, compare by the pressure signal that transmits with pressure unit and to regulate rotating speed automatically, thereby change the hydroborate feed liquid flow that enters producer, and then hydrogen manufacturing speed is changed, the hydrogen pressure in the final surge tank remains in the stable scope according to the working conditions of hydrogen.Infusion pump also can be arranged to definite value, continues in the hydroborate feed liquid under the situation of supply, also can make pressure, the flow of hydrogen keep stable.
Moreover, establish the catalyzer sleeve pipe in the described reactor, catalyst bed is reticulated structure or has porous base metal material.Sleeve pipe is made up of two portions of interior external diameter phase embedding, can regulate its length according to catalyst levels.
Moreover liquid distributor is established on described reactor top, and it can reassemble, disperse reaction solution, thereby makes it equably by catalyst fixed bed.
Moreover described reactor lower part is established the netted filtering plate, falls into the waste liquid withdrawing can that is in reactor lower part in order to the residue that prevents catalyzer.
Moreover, establish netted in the described surge tank or porous vapor-liquid separating structure such as drying bed, desiccant-filled on it as 5A molecular sieve, calcium chloride, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, silica gel etc.Siccative will enter alkaline moisture absorption, filtration contained in the hydrogen of surge tank, be accumulated as behind certain solution by being discharged in the waste liquid tank again.
Moreover the umbrella shape liquid header is established on described surge tank top, and it can prevent further that moisture is entrained out.
Moreover described surge tank shell is provided with the multilayer fin, to play the effect of heat radiation, can quicken the separation of gas/liquid.
A kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of the present invention is by the flow of the strict control of circuit control system reaction solution, its liquid distributor, chuck design, porous or netted catalyst bed have all guaranteed high-level efficiency, the high stability of Preparation of Hydrogen, its stock liquid uses fully, and the flow, the pressure that produce hydrogen are even.Vapor-liquid separating structure of establishing in the surge tank such as drying bed, liquid header can fully be removed alkaline water in the hydrogen impurity that grades, and hydrogen quality is greatly improved, and are particularly useful for the high-end field.Withdrawing can has guaranteed the abundant recycling of waste liquid, is beneficial to environmental protection and saves cost.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes the part of specification sheets, is used from explanation the present invention with embodiments of the invention one, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the reactor jacket structural representation of a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the sleeve pipe screen plate of a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the surge tank external structure synoptic diagram of a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the surge tank internal structure synoptic diagram of a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator of the present invention;
Mark is illustrated as among Fig. 1-5: import 1, material-storage jar 2, outlet 3, infusion pump 4, liquid distributor 5, reactor 6, pipeline 7,9,11, waste liquid withdrawing can 8, surge tank 10, collector 12, export pipeline 13, safety valve 14, pressure unit 15, sleeve pipe 16, screen plate 17, mesh 18, fin 19, desiccant bed 20, screen plate 21.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for description and interpretation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises material-storage jar 2, reactor 6, surge tank 10, infusion pump 4 and waste liquid withdrawing can 8, reactor 6 passes material-storage jar 2 and forms a storage liquid chuck and is used for the good hydroborate feed liquid of storage configuration; Material-storage jar 2, infusion pump 4, reactor 6 are connected by pipeline; Reactor 6 is connected with surge tank 10 by pipeline; Waste liquid withdrawing can 8 is connected with reactor 6 bottoms, surge tank 10 bottoms respectively with pipeline 11 by pipeline 7.The preparation material of material-storage jar 2, reactor 6, waste liquid withdrawing can 8 and surge tank 10 is stainless steel plate, polyethylene, polypropylene etc.
A kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator also comprises the control loop that pressure unit 15 and manometer are formed, in order to control the hydrogen manufacturing system to produce the hydrogen of required pressure, flow; Pressure unit is connected with manometer, and manometer is electrically connected with infusion pump.Its instrument comprises PID controller, VF transmodulator etc., and they and stepper motor driver are formed the Controlling System of a control transfusion peristaltic pump 4 jointly.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, establish catalyzer sleeve pipe 16 in the reactor 6, be located in the catalyst bed in the sleeve pipe 16, and be three-dimensional porous network structure, two portions that sleeve pipe is inlayed by internal diameter are formed, can regulate its length according to catalyst levels, netted filtering plate 17 is established in its underpart, establishes fine mesh 18 on the netted filtering plate; Liquid distributor 5 is established on reactor 6 tops, and its cross section is the triangular shape of just putting, and drift angle is established inlet, and the base is established some tiny feed liquids and portalled, and feed liquid enters from last drift angle, enters sleeve pipe 16 after the discharge hole on base disperses.
As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, surge tank 1) establishes netted gas-liquid separation desiccant bed 21 in, fill 5A molecular sieve desiccant 20 on it, umbrella shape liquid header 12 is established on surge tank top, when gas is shifted to outlet, the production well of the umbrella shape of flowing through liquid header 12 bottoms, the moisture that is mingled with in the hydrogen condenses along the umbrella inwall, small droplets accumulates big drop and flows downward along wall, turns back at last in the waste liquid withdrawing can 8; Shell is provided with multilayer fin 19.
Preparing hydrogen with sodium borohydride catalyzing hydrolyzation below is example, set forth the use of this producer: the aqueous solution of preparation sodium borohydride-sodium hydroxide, make that the sodium borohydride massfraction is 15%, the sodium hydroxide massfraction is 10%, continue to inject chuck 2 by material-storage jar import 1.Infusion pump 4 is arranged to fixed flow rate 7g/min, solution is exported from exporting 3, and distributed, manage in 6 in evenly adding again through liquid distributor 5.The diameter of sleeve pipe 6 is 28mm, and length is 200mm, wherein fills solid catalyst that the 40g porous metal are carrier such as cobalt, nickel, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium etc.
After the sodium borohydride feed liquid adds reactor 6, and hydrolysis reaction takes place immediately after catalyzer contacts.Reacted by product sodium metaborate solution flow through screen plate 17, pipeline 7 accumulate in waste liquid withdrawing can 8 at last, in order to recycle and reuse.Most of hydrogen enters surge tank 10 from the pipeline 9 at producer 6 tops, and small portion hydrogen enters withdrawing can 8 with sodium metaborate solution by pipeline 7, enters surge tank 10 by pipeline 11 again.Porous gas-liquid separator desiccant bed 21 in the surge tank 10 can be carried out gas-liquid separation, and absorbs the impure moisture of removal, also can remove a little liquid of miscellaneous through liquid header 12, finally carries hydrogen to be connected with using the unit by export pipeline 13.Measure through hydrogen flowmeter, the average discharge of hydrogen is 4L/min (normal conditions), and maximum flow is 10L/min (normal conditions), and the pressure set points of safety valve 14 is 1.4MP.
It should be noted that at last: the above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, still can make amendment, perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. self-adjustable hydrogen generator, it comprises material-storage jar, reactor, surge tank, infusion pump, it is characterized in that: described reactor passes material-storage jar and forms a bin stock chuck; Described material-storage jar, infusion pump, reactor are connected by pipeline; Described reactor is connected with surge tank by pipeline.
2. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described producer also comprises the waste liquid withdrawing can, it is connected with reactor bottom, surge tank bottom respectively by pipeline.
3. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator also comprises pressure unit and manometer, described pressure unit is electrically connected with manometer, and described manometer is electrically connected with infusion pump.
4. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: establish the catalyzer sleeve pipe in the described reactor, catalyst bed is reticulated structure or has porous base metal material.
5. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: liquid distributor is established on described reactor top.
6. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reactor lower part is established the netted filtering plate.
7. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: establish reticulated structure or porous vapor-liquid separating structure in the described surge tank, and desiccant-filled on it.
8. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: liquid header is established on described surge tank top.
9. a kind of self-adjustable hydrogen generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described surge tank shell is provided with the multilayer fin.
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| CN2010102071501A CN102139859A (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2010-06-22 | Self-adjusting hydrogen generator |
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| CN201010103547 | 2010-02-01 | ||
| CN201010103547.6 | 2010-02-01 | ||
| CN2010102071501A CN102139859A (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2010-06-22 | Self-adjusting hydrogen generator |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499826A (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2012-06-20 | 无锡爱尼达新能源科技有限公司 | Electric scooter powered by hydrogen fuel cells |
| CN104973568A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-10-14 | 江苏氢阳能源有限公司 | Control system and method for stable hydrogen feeding of liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation reaction equipment |
| CN106281823A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-01-04 | 西南科技大学 | Reclaim the CO produced in yeast wine sweat2method for grain pest control |
| CN106744678A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏师范大学 | The many bed reaction units of sodium borohydride alcoholysis hydrogen manufacturing |
| CN109019508A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-18 | 安徽合巢氢产业应用技术研究院有限公司 | The hydrogen supply device of chemical hydrogen manufacturing and using chemical hydrogen manufacturing as the nanometer hydrogen dissolving water machine of hydrogen source |
| WO2019128903A1 (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-04 | 正泰集团股份有限公司 | Automatic continuous hydrogen generation device |
| RU2771897C2 (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2022-05-13 | Чинт Груп Корпорейшн | Apparatus for automatic and continuous production of hydrogen |
| CN114524411A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Hydrogen production device and system with controllable hydrogen production rate for fuel cell |
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| CN114524411A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-24 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Hydrogen production device and system with controllable hydrogen production rate for fuel cell |
| CN114524411B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-01-30 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Hydrogen production device and system with controllable hydrogen production rate for fuel cell |
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