CN102307540A - A dental implant, a dental implant kit and a method of securing a dental bridge to the jaw of a patient - Google Patents

A dental implant, a dental implant kit and a method of securing a dental bridge to the jaw of a patient Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102307540A
CN102307540A CN2010800070644A CN201080007064A CN102307540A CN 102307540 A CN102307540 A CN 102307540A CN 2010800070644 A CN2010800070644 A CN 2010800070644A CN 201080007064 A CN201080007064 A CN 201080007064A CN 102307540 A CN102307540 A CN 102307540A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
implantation body
superstructure
screw thread
withdrawal
interface
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Granted
Application number
CN2010800070644A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102307540B (en
Inventor
伊西多尔·布拉杰诺维克
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Nobel Biocare Services AG
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Nobel Biocare Services AG
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Publication of CN102307540A publication Critical patent/CN102307540A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0089—Implanting tools or instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0022—Self-screwing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/225—Fastening prostheses in the mouth
    • A61C13/26—Dentures without palates; Partial dentures, e.g. bridges
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0022—Self-screwing
    • A61C8/0025—Self-screwing with multiple threads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0068—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with an additional screw

Abstract

The application relates to an implant for insertion into a structure, a method for connecting a superstructure to the implant, and a kit comprising the implant and a superstructure. The implant comprises a body having an external surface for apposition to bone, an apical end and a coronal end, an insertion interface at the coronal end for engagement with an insertion tool and for inserting the implant in an insertion direction, a connection interface adapted to connect the implant to an connection interface of a superstructure, and a retraction interface for engagement with a retraction member when the superstructure is positioned for connection to the connection interface and being configured for retracting the implant from an applied position in a retraction direction. A gap between the connection interface of the implant and the connection interface of the superstructure may be at least reduced by retracting the implant towards the superstructure. The external surface may comprise a first threaded part (4) with at least one thread (5) adapted to engage the bone (1), the retraction interface comprises a second threaded part (6) with at least one thread (7a, 7b), the at least one thread of the first threaded part having a first thread direction and the at least one thread of the second threaded part having a second thread direction that is opposed to that of the at least one thread of the first threaded part.

Description

Dental implant, dental implant tool set and the method that the tooth bridge is fixed to patient's jawbone
Technical field
The application relates to the implantation body field on the whole, can be fixed to the dental implant of the type of a structure (such as patient's the jawbone or the model of jawbone) such as superstructure (such as the tooth bridge).More specifically, the application also relates to the implantation body that is suitable for this application, comprises implantation body's tool set of such implantation body and the method that is used to connect implantation body to top structure.
Background technology
Can use superstructure to change the body part of patient's disappearance.Can support superstructure through one or several implantation body in the sclerotin that is applied in the patient.
An application of superstructure is the tooth bridge, and it can be used for changing the tooth of the disappearance of patient's jawbone.Such bridge can be fixed on the existing dermal tooth that belongs to the patient.The tooth bridge can also be fixed to dental implant, this dental implant has been fixed on patient's the jawbone.For example, an end of bridge can be fixed to dermal tooth, the other end of bridge is fixed to dental implant or spacing part simultaneously, is commonly referred to pillar, and it is connected to such dental implant.The tooth bridge can also be fixed to dental implant specially, can fix indirectly through pillar.This can be the situation when the patient does not stay any dermal tooth for example.If the tooth bridge is placed in the jaw when a plurality of dental implants have been screwed on patient's the jawbone, the top that dental implant possibly take place so is positioned on the high level, and is different from the plan position of implantation body.This maybe be for example takes place at the middle loading days of so-called implantation body, after the said superstructure of middle loading days is being preplaned before the operation and is being right after the following installation in implantation body and install.In such situation, if the ratio that implantation body is mounted is darker for what when making superstructure, designed, possibly between the connecting interface of the connecting interface of implantation body and superstructure the gap appear so.Must this misalignment of compensation.Traditionally, after operation when making superstructure, through carrying out the exact position of the implantation body that die is mounted with record, this is not a problem.When having preplanned superstructure, this must be compensated.Can carry out such adjustment through between superstructure and implantation body, using telescopic prop.Yet such telescopic prop has the tendency that causes the soft tissue inflammation in some situations, and this possibly cause healing time to prolong conversely.
The position that can before in fact implantation body and superstructure be mounted, use the quilt of implantation body to plan is prepared superstructure in advance, after installing, to cooperate said implantation body.Can plan the position of implantation body through application plan software or based on the method for model, wherein implantation body's copy is installed in patient's anatomical model.Such computer and current based on the scheme program of model be available via applicant of the present invention through NobelGuide plan and treatment imagination.
WO 03061512 and WO05060862 disclose and have been used for preplanned superstructure is connected to the adaptive device in the different slightly implantation body that is installed into original plan.Another example on the jaw that how the tooth bridge is fixed to the patient is disclosed in the U.S. Patent No. 7175434 of for example authorizing Brajnovic.
In the time will being fixed on for example a plurality of dental implants such as the tooth superstructure of bridge, possibly expect the lower profile of the matched tooth bridge of dental implant, promptly its connecting interface is supported by the connecting interface of dental implant.
Therefore; Be used for superstructure be mounted to patient's improvement method, comprise implantation body's tool set of superstructure and can be used for fixing superstructure to patient's implantation body will be favourable, especially their to allow to improve precision, increase motility, improve cost efficiency and/or patient safety and uncomfortable degree will be favourable.
Summary of the invention
Therefore; Embodiments of the invention preferably through implantation body is provided, comprise the tool set of such implantation body and superstructure and towards the superstructure withdrawal implantation body that is applied to the patient so that the method in the gap between closed implantation body and the superstructure, seek to alleviate, slow down or eliminate one or more (such as in the determined single or combination above) defective, shortcoming or problem in the said field.
Limit the present invention independent claims.According to an aspect, a kind of implantation body that is used for being inserted into patient's bone and is connected to superstructure comprises:
Main body, this main body comprise outer surface, top and the hat end that is used to be attached to bone;
Be used at hat end place and insert tool engagement and be used for inserting the insertion interface of implantation body along direction of insertion;
Be suitable for connecting the connecting interface of the connecting interface of implantation body to top structure; With
The withdrawal interface; Said withdrawal interface be used to and withdraw member engages and be arranged to the planting body of withdrawing along retracted orientation from application site when said superstructure is positioned for being connected to said connecting interface; Wherein said outer surface comprises first threaded portion with at least one screw thread that is suitable for engaging said bone; Said withdrawal interface comprises second threaded portion with at least one screw thread; It is first hand of spiral of a left side or right-hand thread that at least one screw thread of said first threaded portion has; At least one screw thread in said second threaded portion has second hand of spiral that is used to be threadedly engaged with the withdrawal member, and said withdrawal member can be along being threadedly engaged with the opposite direction of hand of spiral of at least one screw thread of said first threaded portion.
The screw thread of first threaded portion can have and is equal to or greater than 45 ° pitch angle.
First threaded portion can have many screw threads.
Said first threaded portion has 6-14 bar screw thread, such as having 8-10 bar screw thread.
At least one screw thread of said first threaded portion can have the depth of thread of 0.12mm-0.5mm.
At least one screw thread (5) of said first threaded portion (4) can have the pitch in the scope of 3mm-5mm.
According on the other hand; A kind of implantation body tool set comprises in combination: according at least one implantation body (3) of the disclosed aspect of this paper; Superstructure; Said superstructure comprises the connecting interface that is suitable for being fixed to said implantation body; With the withdrawal member, said superstructure comprises the through hole that is used for said withdrawal member; Said withdrawal member is suitable for engaging with the withdrawal interface of said implantation body, with from application site towards the said superstructure said implantation body that withdraws.
Application site can be in the structure, such as the model of bone or bone.Bone can for example be patient's jawbone.Superstructure is preplanned superstructure in certain embodiments.Preplanned superstructure above is based on the superstructure of the plan position preparation of implantation body in patient's bone at this.Preplanned superstructure is made and can be obtained before the operation that implantation body is installed.Superstructure can be through using a model by part preparation at least, and wherein implantation body is installed in and will installs in patient's the anatomical model of implantation body.The implantation body that is installed in the model can for example be implantation body's copy, and it has connecting interface, and said connecting interface is corresponding to the connecting interface that will be installed in the implantation body among the patient.The connecting interface of such implantation body or implantation body's copy can have the platform of the connecting interface that is suitable for supporting superstructure.The connecting interface of superstructure can comprise base, such as annular general planar surface, and trochoidal surface, curved surface etc., it is suitable for facing the match surface by the connecting interface of implantation body.The connecting interface of implantation body can be arranged on the spacing part that removably is connected to implantation body, such as pillar.Alternately, spacing part and implantation body are arranged to individual unit.Therefore implantation body and spacing part can comprise single type or two-piece type dental implant.
The pitch of the externally threaded pitch of withdrawal member and the female thread of implantation body can be less than the externally threaded pitch of implantation body.
The through hole of superstructure can comprise the stayed surface of the member that is used to withdraw.The withdrawal member can comprise tightening member, and such as trip bolt, the head with certain size is to face by stayed surface.Stayed surface can comprise ledge or the flange in the through hole that for example is positioned at superstructure.The threaded portion of withdrawal member can sized to pass the through hole of superstructure, be used to engage the threaded portion of implantation body.
According on the other hand, a kind ofly be used to connect the method for superstructure at least one implantation body or implantation body's structure, said method comprises: at least one implantation body is applied to the application site in the structure.Said at least one implantation body comprises the connecting interface that is configured to connect said implantation body to said superstructure and is configured to from said application site towards the withdraw withdrawal interface of said implantation body of said superstructure; Use superstructure, make each the connecting interface that supports said superstructure in a plurality of positions that separate, but the connecting interface of at least one connecting interface and at least one dental implant separates a gap; And reduce or closed said implantation body and said superstructure between the gap.
In certain embodiments, said method comprises through reducing or closed said gap towards said at least one implantation body of said superstructure withdrawal.In certain embodiments, providing of said withdrawal is through connecting the withdrawal interface of withdrawal member to the said implantation body that separates a gap, making said withdrawal member face a part of leaning on said superstructure.The said part of superstructure can be provided by the flange or the ledge of the through hole of superstructure.The size of the part of withdrawal member can be by customization passing through hole, and the size of its another part can be by customization to face the said part by through hole.
Provide pillar that embodiments of the invention are used for no longer need separating to be used to compensate the misalignment between implantation body and the superstructure.This provides firmer layout simultaneously again, and wherein for example the risk of breakage of superstructure reduces.In addition, can eliminate or reduce gap between the parts that separate in the zone in soft tissue.Provide these characteristics to be used to improve the situation that bone is integrated, reduce the healing time of implantation body, reduce edge bone and disappear moltenly, improve the contact area of bone and implantation body etc.In addition, provide embodiments of the invention to be used to the degree of accuracy of improving operation and recovering to dispose.This is provided by imagination of the present invention: implantation body at first is installed, and through the supports support superstructure, such as several implantation bodys, and withdrawal implantation body is with any gap between the connecting interface of the connecting interface of closed implantation body and superstructure.According to the present invention, surgeon, rather than dental technician should be noted that because any misalignment that causes is disposed in operation.According to prior art, dental technician must be noted said misalignment continually.When the present invention was used in the following disposal (wherein superstructure is preplaned and when implantation body is being installed), superstructure was recognized as reference substance.Can make superstructure based on preplaning of position, such as imagining according to NobelGuide plan and treatment to implantation body.Compare with the plan position, the surgeon will note being departed from by any of physical location of the implantation body that causes of withdrawal implantation body.Finally, implantation body erects as planning with respect to superstructure.As a result, operation is suitable for planning bridge, rather than on the contrary according to prior art.
What should stress is that where used in this disclosure, term " comprises " appearance of the characteristic, integer, step or the parts that are used for indicating statement, but does not get rid of the appearance or the adding of one or more further features, integer, step, parts or its group.
Description of drawings
From these and other aspect, the feature and advantage that the following description of embodiments of the invention can be understood and clear embodiments of the invention can have, accompanying drawing is carried out reference, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the sketch map that how a plurality of dental implants is fixed on patient's the jawbone.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map corresponding to Fig. 1, and also shows the tooth bridge during a part of program when bridge will be fixed in patient's the jawbone.
Fig. 3 is corresponding to the sketch map of Fig. 2 and the next stage during being presented at fastening program.
Fig. 4 is illustrated in the stage after the stage that shows among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows according to the application's the dental implant and the cross section of screw threads for fastening element.
Some others of the dental implant of Fig. 6 displayed map 5.
The part cross section of the alternate embodiments of the embodiment that shows in Fig. 7 displayed map 5.
Fig. 8 shows how the tooth bridge to be fixed to the schematic cross-sectional view on patient's jawbone.
Fig. 9 is corresponding to the view of Fig. 8 and also shows the details of the embodiment of dental implant.
Figure 10 is the guide wire of alternative shape of dental implant shown in Figure 9.
The specific embodiment
With reference now to accompanying drawing, specific embodiment of the present invention is described.Yet the present invention can be specifically embodied as many different forms and should not annotate a plurality of embodiment that become to be subject to here to set forth; On the contrary, it is comprehensive and complete in order to make present disclosure that these embodiment are provided, and fully passes on scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.The term that uses in the detailed description of the embodiment of Xian Shiing is not to limit the present invention in the accompanying drawings.In the accompanying drawings, similar label is represented similar element.
Following description concentrates on the embodiments of the invention that can be applied to dental implant and tooth bridge.Yet, can recognize, the invention is not restricted to this application, but the present invention can be applied to many other implantation body and be applied to the superstructure of such implantation body.What relate to hereinafter, is dental implant and tooth bridge.Only if yet specify, this only be should be construed to for illustrative purposes and not restrictive.Implantation body can be the implantation body with other type of the structure that is similar to disclosed dental implant equally, perhaps has the superstructure of other type of structure that is used to be connected to implantation body that is similar to disclosed tooth bridge and dental implant.
In certain embodiments, in a kind of bone that is used for being inserted into the patient or the patient's anatomical model and connected the implantation body of superstructure, comprising: main body, this main body comprise outer surface, top and the hat end that is used to be attached to bone; Be used for and insert tool engagement and be used for inserting the insertion interface at the hat end of implantation body along direction of insertion; Be suitable for connecting the connecting interface of the connecting interface of implantation body to top structure; With the withdrawal interface, be used for when said superstructure is positioned for being connected to said connecting interface and be arranged to along retracted orientation from application site withdrawal implantation body and the withdrawal member engages.Application site can be the application site in patient's anatomical model or the bone, such as jawbone or jawbone model.The retracted orientation of implantation body roughly maybe be opposite with its direction of insertion.Therefore, embodiments of the invention provide the implantation body of installation and the compensation of the misalignment between the superstructure of making before the installation of implantation body.Provide superstructure to the simple designs more than the aligned fit of one implantation body, this is because the interface and withdrawal interface that superstructure is fixed to implantation body is provided through each implantation body withdrawal member unit.In addition, make it possible to vertically regulate any implantation body, and superstructure has been guaranteed accurate precision, therefore can make any misalignment or gap up about its original position.
With reference to figure 8, the superstructure that is embodied as schematic tooth bridge 13 possibly be fixed to patient's bone (such as jawbone 1) by means of one or several implantation body (such as dental implant 3).In Fig. 8, only demonstrate a dental implant 3, still be to be understood that and can use a plurality of such implantation bodys 3.In Fig. 8, demonstrate the withdrawal member 14 that is embodied as the screw threads for fastening element, it is placed in the through hole 20 of tooth bridge 13 and realizes engaging with the withdrawal interface of female thread in being embodied as dental implant 3.Female thread is arranged on the intracavity of the main body of implantation body.The chamber has the opening of the hat end that is positioned at implantation body.Therefore, in superstructure (such as its connecting interface) when being positioned for being connected to the connecting interface of implantation body, can be near the withdrawal interface.In the embodiment that Fig. 8 shows, screw threads for fastening element 14 is to have at least one externally threaded trip bolt.Tightening member 14 has is formulated size to face the thread head 16 by the stayed surface in the tooth bridge 13 21, and bridge 13 faces the connecting interface by dental implant 3 simultaneously.Connecting interface can be arranged on the hat end place of implantation body or at the intracavity of the main body of implantation body.In addition, connecting interface can be arranged on the spacing part (such as pillar), and this spacing part extends through patient's gums 2 at least in part.Therefore, superstructure can for example be connected to implantation body's main body through the spacing part indirectly.
Stayed surface 21 can be positioned in the through hole of superstructure.In addition, can provide support surface 21 through flange or flange (such as shoulder).Therefore, through hole can have different diameters to form stayed surface.The hat end of through hole can have the diameter bigger than the top towards implantation body 3 of through hole.The through hole of different diameters has formed stayed surface 21 in certain embodiments.
The connecting interface of implantation body 3 is suitable for cooperating or supporting the connecting interface of superstructure.Connecting interface can for example comprise the conical shaped structure.Alternately or additionally, connecting interface can comprise the surface of general planar.Flat surfaces can extend along the direction of the longitudinal axis that is approximately perpendicular to implantation body 3.The connecting interface of taper is disclosed in WO2008/003224, through with reference to its full content and disclosed especially therein connecting interface and pillar are incorporated herein.Superstructure can be by the conical surface or the shore supports in the annular planar of implantation body surface, chamber.In WO2008/003224, disclosing these structures therefore no longer further discusses herein.The connecting interface of general planar is also disclosed in the embodiment of Fig. 2.
In other embodiment, the withdrawal member forms the peg type assembling with the withdrawal interface.Alternately or additionally, in withdrawal interface and the withdrawal member comprises that depression and another comprise the outstanding of cooperation.Said depression can be formed in withdrawal interface or the wall of withdrawal member or the bent recess in the surface.When interconnecting the withdrawal interface with the withdrawal member, can firmly implantation body be pulled to superstructure, be used to better assemble.
Should be noted that in Fig. 1-4 soft tissue of not shown gums.From these figure, deleted soft tissue, unnecessary complicated in order to avoid figure's.The connecting interface that should also be noted that the implantation body of the connecting interface that is used to be connected to superstructure can be positioned at bone height level or soft tissue height level.
Like Fig. 1 finding, a plurality of dental implants 3 are positioned in the jawbone 1.In the drawings, demonstrate 3 dental implants that are positioned in the jawbone 1, also a dental implant 3 is in the process that is screwed in the jawbone 1 simultaneously.Reference numeral 17 expression insertion instruments 17, it is used for dental implant 3 is inserted (in this example for being screwed into) to jawbone 1.For example, insertion instrument 17 is implantation body's driving devices.Insertion instrument 17 can be in the upper end or the hat end 18 place engage tooth implantation bodys 3 of dental implant 3.Said instrument closes in the hat termination and inserts interface to engage with instrument 17.The hat end 18 of dental implant 3 can be shaped as and has for example hexagonal periphery, and this periphery can engage with the insertion instrument 17 with complementary shape, makes that insertion instrument 17 can be used to implantation body 3 is screwed on patient's the jawbone.Except hexagonal perimeter, the hat end of implantation body 3 can have more interactional other the shape of the insertion instrument that is suitable for and is used to install implantation body 3 17.For example, it can have some other polygonal shape.Alternately; Hold 18 places possibly have a structure at the hat of implantation body 3; This structure qualification polygonal-shaped openings 19; Said polygonal-shaped openings 19 for example is shaped to the instrument of being inserted into 17 (must be shaped to after it and engage such opening 19) and engages, and said insertion instrument 17 can engage said polygonal-shaped openings.In addition, alternate scheme is the outstanding of a plurality of salient angles and a plurality of complementary shape.
In Fig. 1, can also see that the position of different dental implants 3 maybe be different on vertical dimension.If it is darker that the ratio that one or several implantation body is mounted is planned when making tooth bridge 13, so said difference possibly appear.As a result, different dental implant 3 can be on vertical dimension spaced apart distance L as illustrated in fig. 1.Can in Fig. 2, see possible consequence.In Fig. 2, tooth bridge 13 is placed in patient's the jaw.Tooth bridge 13 can be fixed to left and right sides dental implant 3a, 3c is last, makes it be similar to the scheme that in Fig. 8, shows on principle at least.3a of implantation body and 3c are installed on their the plan position herein, and that the 3b of implantation body is mounted is too dark.Because it is too dark that intermediary implant 3b is mounted, so it and tooth bridge 13 spaced apart gaps shown in the d among Fig. 2.Should be appreciated that it to be intermediary implant 3b and the spaced apart gap d of tooth bridge.Likewise, can be the 3c of implantation body on the for example right side among Fig. 2 and the spaced apart space of the 3a of implantation body in the left side among tooth bridge 13 spaced apart gaps or Fig. 2.In Fig. 2, demonstrate tooth bridge 13 and how to comprise spacing part 25 down alternatively, this spacing part 25 is one with tooth bridge 13, simultaneously middle dental implant 3b can have last spacing part 9 alternatively.Yet, their spaced apart gap d.Dental implant 3b in the middle of if tooth bridge 13 is secured in this position, the gap d stress of tooth bridge 13 that possibly exert an influence so, and therefore tooth bridge 13 possibly rupture.In addition, in gap d, antibacterial possibly found and base oneself upon part.If can eliminate or reduce said gap at least, can reduce the mechanical tension in the bridge 13 so, thereby cause the risk of breakage of tooth bridge to reduce.In addition, when reducing the gap or eliminating the gap fully, can also reduce the risk of bacterial infection.Such infection possibly cause osteomyelitis, and possible result is final plantation failure.If can eliminate or reduce gap d, will improve the cooperation between bridge 13 and dental implant 3a, 3b, the 3c so.
In certain embodiments, for example with reference to figure 5 embodiment showed, dental implant 3 has first threaded portion 4 that has at least one screw thread (being one or several screw thread 5).Said at least one screw thread 5 is shown as the external screw thread 5 of the jawbone that is suitable for engaging the patient.Implantation body 3 also has second threaded portion 6 that has at least one screw thread 7a.In Fig. 5, the screw thread 7a of second threaded portion 6 is interior (cloudy type) screw thread 7a.Second threaded portion 6 of implantation body 3 is shown as and partly is placed vertically above first threaded portion 4, but is to be understood that whole second threaded portion 6 of dental implant 3 can be located such that on principle it is surrounded by the screw thread 5 of first threaded portion 4 fully.For reason clearly, the screw thread 7a of second threaded portion 6 have with first threaded portion 4 on the opposite hand of spiral of hand of spiral of screw thread 5.Therefore, if the screw thread 5 of first threaded portion 4 is left-hand threads, the screw thread of second threaded portion 6 (or a plurality of screw thread) 7a is a right-hand thread so.In Fig. 5, also demonstrate screw threads for fastening element 14.In Fig. 5, tightening member 14 is the trip bolts with external screw thread 15a (maybe possibly be a plurality of external screw thread 15a), and said external screw thread 15a is suitable for the screw thread 7a cooperation with second threaded portion 6 of dental implant 3.Therefore the female thread 7a of second threaded portion 6 of dental implant and the size and the screw thread geometric configuration of tightening member 14 are complementary.In a plurality of embodiment of the present invention, the diameter D of dental implant 3 possibly for example be 3-5mm.For example, it can be 4mm.Herein, should be appreciated that common dental implant is standardization ground, and it is normally available to meet the dental implant of established standards (its maybe along with the time changes) dimensionally.
Now main reference Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 8 are illustrated the interaction of dental implant 3 and tooth bridge 13.In Fig. 3, the withdrawal member that is embodied as tightening member 14 symbolically is shown how is inserted in the tooth bridge 13 and extends through the through hole of tooth bridge 13 and engage with dental implant 3.Between dental implant 3 and tooth bridge 13, still has gap d.Tightening member 14 will be screwed in the dental implant 3 now, make the external screw thread 15a of tightening member 14 be bonded on the female thread 7a on second threaded portion 6 of dental implant 3.The female thread 7a compounding practice of tightening member 14 and dental implant makes tightening member 14 be screwed in the dental implant 3.When facing by shoulder 19, this shoulder 19 can provide support the surface at tightening member 14 (for example its head), and shoulder 19 has limited further moving down of tightening member 14.As a result, when tightening member 14 further is screwed into downwards, dental implant 3 will stand the power of points upwards.Because first threaded portion 4 of dental implant 3 is left-hand threads, and the female thread 7a of dental implant 3 is right-hand threads, so dental implant 3 will be towards 13 withdrawals of tooth bridge now.In this embodiment, dental implant 3 begins to outward winding self from jawbone 1, and moves towards tooth bridge 13.In Fig. 4; This moves and arrives its end; And the connecting interface of dental implant 3, said connecting interface in this embodiment, be positioned in dental implant 3 on the spacing part 9, contact with the connecting interface of tooth bridge 13 (such as its spacing part 25 down).Therefore reduced gap d, the d=0 that makes as in Fig. 4, show.Should be appreciated that and to implement said method make it is not to eliminate gap d fully but only reduce gap d.
In some embodiment of method of the present invention, the implantation body that is contracted is installed into darker than what plan.Such as holing with one or several boring machine, the position that can prepare said implantation body is darker than what plan.When superstructure was installed, it was supported by for example several implantation bodys, between at least one in superstructure and implantation body the gap is set thus.For example, support said superstructure fully with 3 implantation bodys, and can said gap be provided through any implantation body and superstructure more than 3.The external screw thread and the female thread that provide 3 implantation bodys to the support of superstructure need not have the opposite threads direction are for example in the time need not regulating such implantation body.Therefore, can adopt said method, and threaded implantation body has the combination of right-and-left threaded external screw thread, promptly each implantation body has the external screw thread of the right side or left-hand thread, and both have the female thread of a left side or right-hand thread.Herein, some implantation bodys of supporting tooth bridge work can have the female thread and the external screw thread of equidirectional.
For the implantation body 3 that withdraws, the withdrawal force or the moment of torsion that are applied by the withdrawal member should be bigger than insertion instrument 17 needed insertion force or moments of torsion in order to insertion implantation body 3.In dental applications, for thread implant, the insertion moment of torsion of recommendation is 35Ncm normally.Therefore, the withdrawal force of in such application, being used by the withdrawal member should be 35Ncm at least.The counteracting force of meeting with the power size that applies of withdrawal member should be distributed to the support member of superstructure, and therefore distributes through superstructure self.In order not make the superstructure fracture, the needed withdrawal force of implantation body of importantly withdrawing is not too big.External screw thread is arranged to have big relatively pitch or pitch angle, prepares for the withdrawal force with needs remains on suitable level.In addition, implantation body's structure of being installed to wherein need be born withdrawal force.If withdrawal force is too big, when the said implantation body of withdrawal, possibly damage said structure so.Compare with the screw thread with less pitch, the insertion moment of torsion that big relatively pitch angle requires is less, and the withdrawal force that therefore requires is less.In certain embodiments, through screw thread relatively large pitch or pitch angle is provided with the angle of rifling α that is equal to or greater than 45 °.
With reference to figure 6, be used for the screw thread of first threaded portion 4 or the pitch angle α of many screw threads 5 and possibly be equal to or greater than 45 °.Compatibly, the pitch angle α of screw thread 5 maybe be in 45 °-60 ° scope.Big pitch angle α has reduced the resistance of dental implant 3 when turning on, and promptly becomes easier from the jawbone dental implant 3 of outwarding winding.With reference to figure 6, the power F that is produced by tightening member 14 can be separated into vertical component F ' and horizontal component F ".Bigger pitch angle α makes that vertical force component F ' is bigger, and makes that moving up of dental implant 3 is easier.As the result of big pitch angle, the pitch P of the external screw thread 5 of dental implant also becomes relatively large.Pitch P (referring to Fig. 6) can be in the scope of 3mm-5mm.For example, pitch P can be 4.5mm.Of course it is to be understood that the pitch P of the numerical value that it is also conceivable that other, for example depend on diameter and the quantity of external screw thread 5 of the main body of implantation body 3.
The pitch of the female thread in second threaded portion 6 of dental implant 3 and the screw thread 15a of tightening member 14 can be littler than the pitch of the external screw thread 5 of dental implant 3.Like this, female thread 7a and tightening member 14 are easier to overcome opposite power, and upwards promote dental implant 3.Upwards total moves or shrink can be in the scope up to about 0.4mm for example.Can imagine bigger and littler moving or contraction.
With reference now to Fig. 7, alternative embodiment is described.The embodiment of Fig. 7 works with the identical mode of embodiment that illustrates with reference to figure 5 basically.Yet the withdrawal member that is embodied as tightening member 14 has female thread 15b (or many female thread 15b), and the withdrawal interface that is embodied as second threaded portion 6 of dental implant 3 has external screw thread 7b (or many external screw thread 7b).In addition in this case, the hand of spiral of at least one screw thread 5 on first threaded portion 4 of dental implant 3 is opposite with the hand of spiral of the screw thread 7b of second threaded portion 6 of dental implant 3.Therefore, if at least one screw thread 5 on first threaded portion is left-hand threads, screw thread 7b is a right-hand thread so.The female thread 15b of tightening member 14 is suitable for cooperating with screw thread 7b (it is external screw thread 7b herein).
What can replenish is, if second threaded portion 6 only has a screw thread 7a, 7b for many application, also can be enough usefulness.In any case interconnective at withdrawal interface and retraction member, can firmly superstructure be pulled to implantation body, can accurately assembling.
In the embodiment of the embodiment of Fig. 5 and Fig. 7; Can on first threaded portion 4, have right-hand screw screw thread 5; But screw thread 7a, the 7b on second threaded portion 6 must be left-hand thread afterwards, also have, and tightening member 14 must be a left-hand thread in this case.Because dental implant 3 is products more special-purpose than tightening member 14,, and use more standardized parts as tightening member 14 so the selection of being done is to make at least one screw thread 5 of first threaded portion 4 be left-hand screw screw thread 5.Yet, should be appreciated that the screw thread 5 on first threaded portion 4 can be right-hand thread equally.
Having the advantage that second threaded portion 6 of right-hand screw has is that it is a standard thread.Therefore, if after superstructure has been installed, superstructure will be removed the long time (such as several years), owing to be to tighten rather than unclamp trip bolt being used for that superstructure is fixed to implantation body 3, the risk of superstructure fracture reduces.
Referring now to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 some others are described.If the depth of thread of at least one (outward) screw thread 5 on first threaded portion 4 of dental implant 3 is relatively large, to compare with screw thread so with less depth of thread, this is easy to the jawbone 1 that dental implant 3 is fixed to is wherein exerted an influence.Relatively the bigger depth of thread can make the so not blocky partial dislocation in the jawbone 1, and its degree cooperation between jawbone 1 and the dental implant even becomes than inaccuracy, and bone is integrated deterioration thus, causes healing time to prolong.In order to reduce the said displacement of jawbone, the depth of thread H that measures like top to the root of the screw thread 5 from first threaded portion 4 can be limited in the scope of 0.12mm-0.5mm.In this situation, the depth of thread is the radial distance between the root of outward flange or top and screw thread of screw thread, as shown in Figure 5.
Find that also during dental implant 3 fastening, the extensive contact between dental implant 3 and the jawbone 1 possibly cause frictional heating to a certain degree.In order during the insertion of implantation body 3, to reduce the distance with screw thread helical contact bone, it is relatively large can selecting pitch P.In this case, bigger pitch P is meant about 3mm-5mm, for example 4.5mm.
Even said pitch is big,, can in first threaded portion 4, use multi start thread in order to ensure fully effectively clamping between dental implant 3 and the jawbone 1.Therefore can have many screw thread intake 8a, 8b, 8c as shown in Figure 6.Should be appreciated that each screw thread intake 8a, 8b, 8c represent the beginning of independent screw thread helical.First threaded portion 4 can compatibly have the screw thread helical of 6-14 screw thread intake 8a, 8b, 8c and respective amount.In many attainable embodiment, it can have the screw thread intake of 8-10 screw thread intake and respective amount.The screw thread that description is stated in place like this defines the screw thread helical with screw thread intake.
With reference to figure 6, it may be noted that it is the vertical dimension between the tooth top of the threaded portion measured at the vertical cross-section place of implantation body 3 that pitch P should be understood that certainly.The distance (lead) of attacking of implantation body 3 is vertical dimensions that implantation body 3 advances when rotating 360 ° in implantation body 3.In other words, attacking distance is that pitch multiply by number of threads.
The quantity and the pitch that depend on screw thread, implantation body 3 can insert implantation body fully through rotating 1 to 3 full commentaries on classics of implantation body (commentaries on classics is 360 °).The quantity that can be through the screw thread intake and the quantity of screw thread helical control the distance of attacking of screw thread.The screw thread intake of accelerating provides the distance of attacking that increases.For example, enforceable embodiment is the implantation body with main body of 3.75mm diameter, the depth of thread of 8 screw thread intakes and 0.6mm.Another enforceable embodiment has the diameter of 3.75mm, 12 intakes and the screw thread helical of respective amount and the depth of thread of 0.3mm.One embodiment compares with the back, and last embodiment can provide the initial stability of improvement, and then an embodiment can provide and compare the bone integrating time that reduces with last embodiment.Other diameter of implantation body's main body also is predictable, such as 3-5.5mm.The quantity of screw thread can adapt to specific diameter, so that have suitable pitch angle, such as mentioned above.
In the embodiment that some are shown, outer surface comprises cutting groove, and each screw thread helical comprises at least one cut edge thus.Yet in other embodiments, only some screw thread helicals (or even neither one screw thread helical) comprise the cut edge.Alternatively, can use thread tap that implantation body 3 is installed.
Because the big distance of attacking that a plurality of embodiment of the present invention provide, implantation body only need be rotated the several years with closed gap d in some situations.
Now main reference Fig. 9 and 10 is come illustrative embodiment.At its hat end, dental implant 3 can be provided with crooked spacing part 9 alternatively.Spacing part 9 will be positioned in the zone that jawbone and tooth bridge were opened in 13 minutes.Experience shows that human body makes great efforts above bone, to keep the soft tissue layer of specific thicknesses.When soft tissue disappeared, following bone possibly disappear molten.After dental implant has been placed in patient's the jawbone, molten if bone does not disappear, dental implant will be more firm.Finish if dental implant 3 is close to jawbone 1 top, this possibly cause the assembling difficulty between tooth bridge 13 and the dental implant 3.A possible the possibility of result is the pollution and the bacterial infection that for example possibly damage soft tissue and/or bone.For this reason, spacing part 9 can be placed on the top of dental implant 3.Dental implant 3 can be placed in the jawbone 1, makes spacing part 9 will mainly be arranged in the zone of soft tissue (gums) 2.Spacing part 9 can have waist shape part 10.A kind of mode that realizes such waist shape part 10 is through providing the profile as showing among Fig. 9 and Figure 10 of crooked (such as spill) to distance members.The said crooked soft tissue 2 that allows is connected to spacing part 9.Spacing part 9 can curve inwardly towards the longitudinal axis of implantation body 3.Like this, spacing part 9 can be given soft tissue support to a certain degree.Like this, can produce biological safety zone, and spacing part 9 will have sealing function and prevent pollution and antibacterial.In certain embodiments, waist shape part 10 can have the thickness of 70-80% of the maximum ga(u)ge of spacing part 9.For example, it can have about 75% thickness of maximum ga(u)ge.In Figure 10, the height A in crooked (waist shape) cross section 2Can be 1.8mm at least.For example, it can be in the scope of 1.8-3mm.For example, height A 2Can be 2.5mm.Reason is that jawbone need have soft tissue at least about 1.8-2mm usually above jawbone.Do not have such layer, jawbone possibly disappear molten, promptly begins " spreading " downwards.Therefore spacing part 9 should have certain height (problem of dissolving of having considered to disappear is selected) with waist shape part 10.The height A of whole spacing part 9 1Can be slightly bigger and can for example be dental implant 3 total length 1/6 to 1/5.Like Figure 10 finding, the waist shape part 10 of spacing part 9 is positioned between upper flange 11 and the lower flange 12 alternatively.Lower flange 12 can be positioned at a distance of first threaded portion, 4 tops, and this distance for example is 0.5mm.Under the situation that does not have upper and lower flange 11,12, waist shape part 10 will be in the end of concavity some weakness slightly.Yet, should be appreciated that upper and lower flange the 11, the 12nd, optional.The surface of spacing part 9, spacing part 9 can be by TiUnite TMMaterial is processed, and its Nobel Biocare AB by Sweden sells, although also can consider other biocompatible materials for this purpose.
The outer surface of the main body of implantation body 3 can roughly be cylindrical.At its top end, tapering part can be set, said tapering part can be convenient in cylindrical hole, insert implantation body 3.For example adhere to (apposition) to that a part of 80-95% of the outer surface of bone can roughly be cylindrical, and can be taper at the vertical remaining 5-20% of outer surface.When its from the position of using cylindrical hole when superstructure withdraw, the main body with general cylindrical makes the essentially identical stability of implantation body's 3 maintenances.In other embodiments, being used to adhere to against the outer surface of the main body of bone is taper.Even when implantation body makes stability decreases from its application site towards superstructure withdrawal implantation body a little, still also be enough to the main stability that obtains to expect with cone body.
Although above describing the present invention, be to be understood that these classification only reflect the different aspect of a kind of technology and same technology about method and dental implant.Whether therefore said method can comprise those steps as the inevitable result who uses described equipment, and whether mentioned clearly regardless of such step.
In certain embodiments, implantation body's tool set comprises in combination: at least one above-mentioned implantation body 3, comprise the said superstructure 13 of the connecting interface that is suitable for being fixed to implantation body 3 and withdrawal member.Superstructure 13 comprises the through hole of the member that is used to accept to withdraw.Withdrawal member 14 is suitable for engaging with the withdrawal interface of implantation body 3, withdraws towards superstructure to make implantation body 3 from application site.
The withdrawal member can be tightening member 14 and can comprise external screw thread 15a.The withdrawal interface of implantation body can comprise the externally threaded female thread 7a that is configured to engage the withdrawal member.
The pitch of the female thread 7a of the pitch of tightening member 14 and implantation body 3 can be less than the pitch of the external screw thread 5 of implantation body 3.The withdrawal member can be a right-hand thread.The through hole of superstructure can comprise the stayed surface of the member that is used to withdraw, and is as indicated above.
Alternatively, the tooth tool set can only comprise tooth bridge and implantation body 3, and this implantation body 3 has two screw threads of opposite threads direction.Dentist or dental technician sold and be transported to separately to such tool set can, will select suitable withdrawal member after them, such as screw threads for fastening element 14.
Should be appreciated that it is optional using the spacing part 9 with waist shape part 10.There is not the embodiment of such spacing part 9 to be fine.Likewise, it is also understood that like the spacing part that shows in Fig. 9 and 10 and can also even be used to not have screw thread 5, the 7a of opposite threads direction, the dental implant 3 of 7b.Yet if make up these characteristics, they maybe be all to realizing that the good assembling between dental implant and the tooth bridge contributes so.
The design of dental implant of the depth of thread that implantation body 3 has pitch and the 0.12mm-0.5mm of 6-14 screw thread intake, 3mm-5mm is to use with the characteristics combination that implantation body 3 have a threaded portion 4,6 of opposite hand of spiral, but these combination of features also can be independent of the design that dental implant goes up in other respects and use.
At the outer surface of the main body of above having described the implantation body that is attached to bone, as has at least one screw thread.Yet in other embodiment, outer surface does not comprise screw thread, but comprises at least one micron or nano level band texture or pitted surface, such as the surface of acid corrosion, oxidation or shrinkage.In other other embodiment, make outer surface belt cave in, such as comprising micron order screw thread, circular groove, circular fin etc.After it is employed, can for example cylindrical, taper, oval-shaped or any other main body can the withdraw shape of (that is, opposite) of main body with its direction of insertion.This provides withdrawal under the situation that need not be screwed into, such as retracting implantation body towards superstructure simply.The peg type assembling can provide such embodiment.
The material that is fit to of dental implant can for example be titanium, based on the alloy or the ceramic material of titanium.
Embodiments of the invention can be implemented in the outside of patient's main body, for example on the structure of the patient's that will plan to install implantation body anatomical model.Such model can comprise the model of patient's jawbone.In such embodiment, implantation body 3 can comprise corresponding to connecting interface as indicated above structure with withdrawal interface (but be not other characteristic, such as screw thread).Such implantation body can for example be implantation body's copy.Implantation body's copy for example can comprise the not main body of threaded substantial cylindrical.The superstructure that said model can be made in order to preparation in advance, said superstructure was made before in the application site that implantation body is installed in the patient.On model, use implantation body's copy is installed when the method according to this invention is feasible to not be used in manufacturing (for example through casting or through milling) model.Usually, implantation body's copy is installed when making plaster model.Displaced is after the modeling implantation body's copy to be installed.Superstructure can comprise framework and veneer layer.Can make framework based on the plan position of implantation body.Afterwards, confirm the position of implantation body's copy based on the position of the connecting interface of framework.Can use surgical template that implantation body 3 is installed among the patient, this surgery models is suitable for implantation body is installed in the plan position.In WO2008/145293, described the plan position of implantation body, superstructure or framework and surgical template, incorporated into the full content of this application here by reference.
Only if clearly point out on the contrary, indefinite article " " and " one " that this is in description and uses in the claims should be understood to and is meant " at least one ".So be in the word used in description and the claim " and/or " should be understood to " any or both " that are meant in the element that this wording is connected, connect in some situations promptly that ground occurs and the element of appearance not in other situation with connecting.
, the present invention is being described above with reference to certain embodiments.Yet other embodiment except that above-described equally can be within the scope of the invention.Can be provided with within the scope of the invention and be different from above-described method step.Different character of the present invention and step can make up to be different from described other combination.Only limit scope of the present invention through the Patent right requirement of enclosing.

Claims (15)

1. implantation body that is used for being inserted into patient's bone and is connected to superstructure comprises:
Main body, this main body comprise outer surface, top and the hat end that is used to be attached to bone;
Be used at hat end place and insert tool engagement and be used for inserting the insertion interface of implantation body along direction of insertion;
Be suitable for connecting the connecting interface of the connecting interface of implantation body to top structure; With
The withdrawal interface; Said withdrawal interface is used for the withdrawal member engages and is arranged to the planting body of withdrawing along retracted orientation from application site when said superstructure is positioned for being connected to said connecting interface; Wherein said outer surface comprises first threaded portion (4) with at least one screw thread (5) that is suitable for engaging said bone (1); Said withdrawal interface comprises have at least one screw thread second threaded portion (6) of (7a, 7b); It is first hand of spiral of a left side or right-hand thread that said at least one screw thread (5) of said first threaded portion (4) has; Said at least one screw thread of said second threaded portion (6) has second hand of spiral that is used to be threadedly engaged with the withdrawal member, and said withdrawal member can be threadedly engaged with along the rightabout with the hand of spiral of said at least one screw thread (5) of said first threaded portion (4).
2. implantation body according to claim 1; Said at least one screw thread (5) of wherein said first threaded portion (4) is external screw thread (5), and said at least one screw thread (7) of said second threaded portion (6) is used for partly carrying out positive type threads engage with the cloudy type of said withdrawal interface.
3. implantation body according to claim 1 and 2 (3), said at least one screw thread (5) of wherein said first threaded portion (4) is a left-hand thread.
4. according to each described implantation body (3) among the claim 1-3, the screw thread (5) of wherein said first threaded portion (4) has and is equal to or greater than 45 ° pitch angle.
5. according to each described implantation body (3) among the claim 1-4, wherein said first threaded portion (4) has many screw threads (5).
6. implantation body according to claim 5, wherein said first threaded portion (4) has 6-14 bar screw thread, preferably has 8-10 bar screw thread.
7. according to each described implantation body among the claim 1-6, said at least one screw thread (5) of wherein said first threaded portion (4) has the depth of thread of 0.12mm-0.5mm.
8. according to each described implantation body (3) among the claim 1-7, said at least one screw thread (5) of wherein said first threaded portion (4) has the pitch in the scope of 3mm-5mm.
9. implantation body's tool set; Comprise in combination: according to each described at least one implantation body (3) among the claim 1-8, comprise the superstructure (13) of the connecting interface that is suitable for being fixed to said implantation body (13); With withdrawal member (14), said superstructure (13) comprises the through hole that is used for said withdrawal member (14); Said withdrawal member (14) is suitable for engaging with the withdrawal interface of said implantation body (3), so that said implantation body (3) is withdrawn towards said superstructure (13) from application site.
10. implantation body according to claim 9 tool set; Wherein said withdrawal member (14); For example tightening member (14) comprises external screw thread (15a), and the withdrawal interface of said implantation body (3) comprises the externally threaded female thread (7a) that is configured to engage said withdrawal member (14).
11. implantation body according to claim 10 tool set, the pitch of the female thread (7a) of the externally threaded pitch of wherein said withdrawal member (14) and said implantation body (3) is less than the pitch of the external screw thread (5) of said implantation body (3).
12. according to claim 10 or 11 described implantation body tool sets, wherein said withdrawal member (14) is provided with screw thread and is screwed into operation by the right-hand thread through said withdrawal member (14) and is engaged to said implantation body (3).
13. according to each described implantation body tool set among the claim 9-12, the through hole of wherein said superstructure comprises the stayed surface that is used for said withdrawal member (14).
14. one kind is used to connect the method for superstructure at least one implantation body, said method comprises:
At least one implantation body (3) is applied to the application site in the structure; Said at least one implantation body (3) comprises the connecting interface that is configured to connect said implantation body (3) to said superstructure and is configured to said implantation body from the withdrawal interface of said application site towards said superstructure withdrawal;
Use superstructure (13), make each connecting interface that supports said superstructure (13) in the position that separates, but the connecting interface of at least one connecting interface and at least one dental implant (3) separates a gap; With
Reduce or closed said implantation body (3) and said superstructure (13) between the gap.
15. method according to claim 14; Comprise through reducing or closed said gap towards said superstructure (13) said at least one implantation body of withdrawal (3); Said withdrawal is for example through connecting withdrawal member (14) to the withdrawal interface of the said implantation body (3) in a gap separately, makes the part of the said superstructure of said withdrawal member abuts (13).
CN201080007064.4A 2009-02-26 2010-02-26 A dental implant, a dental implant kit and a method of securing a dental bridge to the jaw of a patient Expired - Fee Related CN102307540B (en)

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US20130266913A1 (en) 2013-10-10
EP2223667B1 (en) 2013-11-20
AU2010219165B2 (en) 2015-10-22
US20110318706A1 (en) 2011-12-29
AU2010219165A1 (en) 2011-09-15
EP2223667A1 (en) 2010-09-01
WO2010097234A1 (en) 2010-09-02
JP5546046B2 (en) 2014-07-09

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