CN102311117B - Industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method - Google Patents
Industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102311117B CN102311117B CN 201010218881 CN201010218881A CN102311117B CN 102311117 B CN102311117 B CN 102311117B CN 201010218881 CN201010218881 CN 201010218881 CN 201010218881 A CN201010218881 A CN 201010218881A CN 102311117 B CN102311117 B CN 102311117B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of industrial silicon smelting and particularly discloses an industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method, which comprises the following steps of: adding furnace regulation materials into a submerged arc furnace in abnormal smelting; and carrying out smelting at a high temperature being 2350 to 3000 DEG C until the furnace condition is normal, wherein the furnace regulation materials comprise block materials or ball materials formed by mixing and pressing silica and silicon carbide, the mass ratio of the silica to the silicon carbide is 0.7/1 to 2.3/1, the granularity of the silica is smaller than or equal to 10mm, and the granularity of the silicon carbide is smaller than or equal to 6mm. The industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method provided by the invention has the advantages that the furnace halt is not needed, the method is simple and is easy to implement, the problem of abnormity in the smelting process can be effectively solved, in addition, the utilization rate of reducing agents is high, the furnace discharge rate of silicon is not reduced, the heat loss is little, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the smelting industrial silicon technical field, relate in particular to a kind of industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method.
Background technology
At present, smelting industrial silicon generally adopts carbothermic method; Namely in mineral hot furnace, convert electric energy to heat energy by electrode, make silica and reductive agent (carbon materials such as charcoal, refinery coke, bituminous coal) in the stove react the preparation industrial silicon.
As shown in Figure 1, wherein A is electrode, and mineral hot furnace is divided into 5 districts from top to bottom: 1 is the preheating zone, and 2 is red-hot district, and 3 is the melting area, and 4 is reaction zone, and 5 is the silicon pool.
In the process of manufacture silicon, the unusual phenomenon of the various working of a furnaces can appear in the reasons such as difference of, operating parameters different owing to the choosing of reductive agent, proportioning raw materials inevitably.Common working of a furnace unusual phenomenon has: 1. furnace bottom rising: refer in the cupola well bottom silicon pool that melts and semi-melting thing settled layer do not increase, and cause silicon melt and reaction zone to rise, silicon liquid can not flow out unobstructedly when coming out of the stove.In addition, reductive agent is excessive, and excessive carbon and pasc reaction generate a large amount of silicon carbide also will cause furnace bottom rising.2. thorn is fiery: when the local furnace charge of upper furnace (i.e. 1,2,3 districts) was sent out dead, gas can not freely be overflowed along whole charge level, will go out at the loosest position of jetsam floor (i.e. 2,3 districts), formed " thorn fire ".The thorn fire hole can be emitted amount of heat and as-reduced silicon and other oxide compounds, this not only can cause a large amount of losses of heat energy and smelted product, increase the consumption of raw material and electric energy, the temperature on cupola well top also can be raise, affect electrode device and other equipment and parts near boiler face.
If the untimely processing of above abnormal problem or deal with improperly, smelted product and heat lose in a large number.Cause the most at last operational difficulty, power consumption is high, and Quality Down can't normally be produced, and can only be forced to blowing out, causes very large financial loss.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: in the prior art, usually occur the unusual phenomenoies such as furnace bottom rising, thorn fire in the smelting industrial silicon process, thereby provide a kind of the working of a furnace is converted into normal industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method unusually.
A kind of industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method, it comprises: will transfer furnace charge to join and smelt in the unusual mineral hot furnace, and smelt under 2350～3000 ℃ high temperature, until the working of a furnace is normal;
Described accent furnace charge is: comprise that silica and silicon carbide mix piece material or ball material that compacting forms, wherein the mass ratio of silica and silicon carbide is 0.7: 1～2.3: 1, and the granularity of described silica is less than or equal to 10mm, and the granularity of described silicon carbide is less than or equal to 6mm.
The advantages such as industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method provided by the present invention without blowing out, simple, can effectively solve abnormal problem in the smelting process, and the reductive agent utilization ratio is high, does not reduce the rate of coming out of the stove of silicon, and calorific loss is few.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section under the mine heat furnace smelting state.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method, it comprises: will transfer furnace charge to join and smelt in the unusual mineral hot furnace, and smelt under 2350～3000 ℃ high temperature, until the working of a furnace is normal;
Described accent furnace charge is: comprise that silica and silicon carbide mix piece material or ball material that compacting forms, wherein the mass ratio of silica and silicon carbide is 0.7: 1～2.3: 1, and the granularity of described silica is less than or equal to 10mm, and the granularity of described silicon carbide is less than or equal to 6mm.
Wherein, silica is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, is the silicon source of the smelting industrial silicon commonly used, and its main component is silicon-dioxide.The content of silicon-dioxide is greater than 98wt% in the preferred silica of the present invention.
Under the preferable case, the granularity of silica of the present invention guarantees that at 2～6mm silica and silicon carbide have large contact area, and fully reaction prevented short grained silica surface introducing impurity simultaneously.
Silicon carbide also is material known in those skilled in the art.The purity of the preferred silicon carbide of the present invention is greater than 97wt%.
Under the preferable case, the granularity of silicon carbide of the present invention guarantees that less than or equal to 3mm silicon carbide and silica have larger reaction area, guarantees that silicon carbide in the reaction zone complete reaction, can not sink to silicon pool or furnace bottom.
Under the preferable case, the mass ratio of silica and silicon carbide is 1.0: 1～1.8: 1 in the accent furnace charge.
The present invention preferably transfers the ratio of silica and silicon carbide in the furnace charge, can adjust according to the unusual reason of the working of a furnace.If when in smelting, observing the phenomenon such as electric current raises, charge level is loose, the material that frequently collapses, can improve the proportioning of silica; If when in smelting, observing the phenomenons such as current swing is violent, electrode is lifted after descending, the charge level thickness is sent out extremely, fire is stung in the part, can reduce the silica proportioning.
Wherein, be compressed to operation known in those skilled in the art; Generally refer in mould or other containers under external force, the closely knit one-tenth of powder is had the technological process of regulation shape and size.
The present invention preferably transfers furnace charge briquetting material or ball material.
Binding agent can be added during compacting, also binding agent can be do not added.The present invention preferably adds binding agent.
Wherein, binding agent is preferably in coal-tar pitch, petroleum pitch, Resins, epoxy, furane resin, the spent pulping liquor enriched material one or more.
The spent pulping liquor enriched material is material known in those skilled in the art.It can be by commercially available.
Take the total mass of transferring furnace charge as benchmark, binding agent account for 3～15wt%.
Silica, silicon carbide and binding agent with certain proportioning fully mix; Then send into and be pressed into predetermined shape in the press.Granularity after the control compacting is 15～80mm.
Method of the present invention also comprises, will transfer the raw material of furnace charge and smelting industrial silicon to put in the mineral hot furnace together.
Wherein, the smelting industrial silicon raw material is known in those skilled in the art, namely puts into the reaction raw materials in the mineral hot furnace in the normally smelting situation, generally comprises silica and reductive agent.Reductive agent is generally charcoal, refinery coke, bituminous coal or its mixture etc.
Under the preferable case, transferring the weight ratio of furnace charge and smelting industrial silicon raw material is 0.1: 1～4: 1.
The present inventor learns through a large amount of practices and analysis: the major cause that causes furnace bottom rising is to move on the reaction high-temperature zone, and furnace burdening is complete reaction not, forms a large amount of slags.In addition, reductive agent is excessive, and furnace bottom Formed SiClx also causes furnace bottom rising.The present invention transfers furnace charge in mineral hot furnace by additive, because the ratio resistance of silicon carbide is at 6000～50000 Ω m, and the ratio resistance after the burnt calcining of reductive agent PetroChina Company Limited. only has (3.7～6.5) * 10
-4Ω m, and the ratio resistance of charcoal is at 0.9～2.6 Ω m.It seems from above data, silicon carbide have very large ratio resistance, thereby make whole accent furnace charge have larger resistance, be conducive to the buried of electrode, the reaction high-temperature zone is moved down, make those not have the furnace burdening of in time reaction again to react, thereby the minimizing furnace burdening flows out silicon liquid smoothly.The furnace bottom rising that causes for the reductive agent surplus, the accent furnace charge that the silica proportioning is excessive is put in the mineral hot furnace, owing to transfer the ratio resistance of furnace charge large, it is buried to be conducive to electrode, the high-temperature zone is moved down, eliminate furnace bottom rising thereby consume silicon carbide when the silicon carbide reactor of transferring simultaneously silica excessive in the furnace charge and furnace bottom, furnace wall to deposit obtains silicon.
Use silicon carbide among the present invention, silicon carbide also generates silicon with silicon monoxide, silicon dioxde reaction in the smelting system in mineral hot furnace.Reaction formula is as follows:
SiO+SiC＝＝2Si+CO↑
SiO
2+2SiC＝＝3Si+2CO↑
SiO
2+SiC+C＝＝2Si+2CO↑
So transfer furnace charge can not reduce the amount of coming out of the stove of silicon liquid, and can play the effect that increases output.And the reductive agents such as the relative charcoal of carbon monoxide of its generation greatly reduce.Gas reduces, and gas can freely be overflowed, and eliminates the fiery phenomenon of thorn.Silicon carbide also has the not characteristics of sintering of intensity height, high temperature, thereby is conducive to improve the ventilation property of charge level.
The invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Following examples are all carried out in capacity is the mineral hot furnace of 6300KVA.
Silica: dioxide-containing silica is 99wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 8mm.
Silicon carbide: purity is 98wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 6mm.
Binding agent: petroleum pitch, Resins, epoxy
Silica and silicon carbide are carried out proportioning with mass ratio at 1.1: 1, add simultaneously silica and the petroleum pitch of silicon carbide total amount 4wt% and the Resins, epoxy of 4wt%, mix, then be pressed into the spheroid that granularity is 50mm at press.Make and transfer furnace charge A1.
When occurring furnace bottom rising, thorn fire etc. in the smelting process and smelt unusual phenomenon, the accent furnace charge A1 for preparing joined in the mineral hot furnace smelt.
Along with the carrying out of transferring furnace charge to smelt, can find out: electric current tends towards stability gradually, and electrode is lower inserting slowly, and the charge level ventilation property is obviously improved, and gas is emerged uniformly from charge level.When the working of a furnace is about to transfer to normally, when pegging graft near furnace bottom under the electrode, the use that stops to transfer furnace charge drops into regular burden(ing) and smelts production.
Silica: dioxide-containing silica is 99wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 10mm.
Silicon carbide: purity is 98wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 6mm.
Binding agent: coal-tar pitch (10wt% of the total amount of silica and silicon carbide)
Heating and melting coal-tar pitch in the kneading pot is that 2.2: 1 silica and silicon carbide add in the kneading pot with mass ratio, and the three is fully mixed.Then being sent to and being pressed into diameter in the press is 40mm, the right cylinder of high 60mm.Make and transfer furnace charge A2.
When occurring furnace bottom rising, thorn fire etc. in the smelting process and smelt unusual phenomenon, the accent furnace charge A2 for preparing joined in the mineral hot furnace smelt.
Along with the carrying out of transferring furnace charge to smelt, can find out that electric current tends towards stability gradually, electrode is lower inserting slowly, and the charge level ventilation property is obviously improved, and gas is emerged uniformly from charge level.When the working of a furnace is about to transfer to normally, when pegging graft near furnace bottom under the electrode, the use that stops to transfer furnace charge drops into regular burden(ing) and smelts production.
Silica: dioxide-containing silica is 99wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 6mm.
Silicon carbide: purity is 98wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 3mm.
Silica and silicon carbide are carried out proportioning with mass ratio at 0.75: 1, and the two mixes.Then be sent to the block of the wide * height=50mm*40mm*30mm of compacting growth * in the press.Make and transfer furnace charge A3.
When occurring furnace bottom rising, thorn fire etc. in the smelting process and smelt unusual phenomenon, the accent furnace charge A3 for preparing joined in the mineral hot furnace smelt.
Along with the carrying out of transferring furnace charge to smelt, can find out that electric current tends towards stability gradually, electrode is lower inserting slowly, and the charge level ventilation property is obviously improved, and gas is emerged uniformly from charge level.When the working of a furnace is about to transfer to normally, when pegging graft near furnace bottom under the electrode, the use that stops to transfer furnace charge drops into regular burden(ing) and smelts production.
Embodiment 4
Silica: dioxide-containing silica is 99wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 10mm.
Silicon carbide: purity is 98wt%, is crushed to granularity less than 6mm.
Binding agent: paper waste
Silica and silicon carbide are carried out proportioning with mass ratio at 1.8: 1, add 10% paper waste of silica and silicon carbide total mass after, the three mixes.Take out compound, on nipper compound being pressed into diameter is 50mm, and the right cylinder of high 60mm and diameter are the spheroid of 60mm.Make and transfer furnace charge A4.
When occurring furnace bottom rising, thorn fire etc. in the smelting process and smelt unusual phenomenon, the accent furnace charge A3 for preparing and the normal raw material of smelting industrial silicon simultaneously joined in mineral hot furnace in mass ratio at 2: 1 smelt.
Along with the carrying out of transferring furnace charge to smelt, can find out that electric current tends towards stability gradually, electrode is lower inserting slowly, and the charge level ventilation property is obviously improved, and gas is emerged uniformly from charge level.When the working of a furnace is about to transfer to normally, when pegging graft near furnace bottom under the electrode, the use that stops to transfer furnace charge drops into regular burden(ing) and smelts production.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method, it comprises: will transfer furnace charge to join and smelt in the unusual mineral hot furnace, and smelt under 2350～3000 ℃ high temperature, until the working of a furnace is normal;
Described accent furnace charge is: comprise that silica and silicon carbide mix piece material or ball material that compacting forms, wherein the mass ratio of silica and silicon carbide is 0.7: 1～2.3: 1, and the granularity of described silica is less than or equal to 10mm, and the granularity of described silicon carbide is less than or equal to 6mm.
2. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the granularity of described block of material or ball material is 15～80mm.
3. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the purity of described silicon carbide is greater than 97wt%.
4. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the content of silicon-dioxide is greater than 98wt% in the described silica.
5. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described silica and described silicon carbide is 1.0: 1～1.8: 1.
6. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described accent furnace charge also comprises binding agent.
7. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described binding agent is one or more of coal-tar pitch, petroleum pitch, Resins, epoxy, furane resin, spent pulping liquor enriched material.
8. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: take the total mass of silica and silicon carbide as benchmark, described binding agent accounts for 3～15wt%.
9. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise simultaneously smelting industrial silicon raw material and accent furnace charge are joined in the mineral hot furnace together.
10. industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described accent furnace charge and described smelting industrial silicon raw material is 0.1: 1～4: 1.
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| CN 201010218881 CN102311117B (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2010-06-29 | Industrial silicon smelting abnormity treatment method |
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| CN102311117B true CN102311117B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4981668A (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1991-01-01 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicon carbide as a raw material for silicon production |
| US5009703A (en) * | 1990-08-13 | 1991-04-23 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicon smelting process in direct current furnace |
| CN101555011A (en) * | 2008-04-12 | 2009-10-14 | 于旭宏 | Silica reduction method for producing silicon |
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2010
- 2010-06-29 CN CN 201010218881 patent/CN102311117B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4981668A (en) * | 1986-04-29 | 1991-01-01 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicon carbide as a raw material for silicon production |
| US5009703A (en) * | 1990-08-13 | 1991-04-23 | Dow Corning Corporation | Silicon smelting process in direct current furnace |
| CN101555011A (en) * | 2008-04-12 | 2009-10-14 | 于旭宏 | Silica reduction method for producing silicon |
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Granted publication date: 20130410 Termination date: 20170629 |