CN102323698B - Vehicular rearview mirror elements and be provided with the molectron of these elements - Google Patents
Vehicular rearview mirror elements and be provided with the molectron of these elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102323698B CN102323698B CN201110307054.9A CN201110307054A CN102323698B CN 102323698 B CN102323698 B CN 102323698B CN 201110307054 A CN201110307054 A CN 201110307054A CN 102323698 B CN102323698 B CN 102323698B
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- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- mirror
- molectrons
- vehicle rearview
- edge
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Vehicular rearview mirror elements and the molectron of these elements is installed.Mirror (110) according to the present invention, including: the frame (144) of the thin profile that electro-optical glass parts (111) and the periphery around electro-optical glass parts are installed.By the heater of adhesive bond and foam strip with the configuration of stratiform by electro-optical glass parts carry on bracket.On edge including the front surface of the front elements that can be incorporated into electro-optical glass parts, and/or can combined and/or interlockingly be mechanically mounted on the edge of bracket.Or, this frame can be coating band or thin coating material.This frame can be molded into appropriate position, or by molding in advance and flexibly can elongate, in order to can combine.In one form, frame includes the wing of horizontal expansion, and this wing prevents from being seen the inside of mirror framework by frame.
Description
The application is Application No. 200910207995.8, invention entitled " Vehicular rearview mirror elements and be provided with these
The molectron of element ", the divisional application of the patent application in filing date on May 6th, 2004.
Cross reference to related applications
The application is that the part of following patent application continues, and described patent application is: deliver as on April 1st, 2004
U.S. Patent application U.S.Patent Application No.US2004/0061920A1, within 30th, carry in JIUYUE in 2002
Entitled " the ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES HAVING NO POSITIONAL OFFSET BETWEEN gone out
SUBSTRATES " the U.S.Patent Application of (not having the electrochromic device that position offsets between substrate)
No.10/260,741, and be proposing June 19 calendar year 2001 of United States Patent (USP) U.S Patent No.6560,004 now
Entitled " COUPLED ELECROCHROMIC COMPOUNDS WITH PHOTOSTABLE DICATION OXIDATION
ATATES " (there is the electroluminescent white compound of the coupling of the stable dication state of oxidation of light), this patent is to be currently U.S.
The U.S.Patent Application that the 9 days July in 1999 of state patent U.S.Patent No.6,249,369 proposes
No.09/350, the continuation of 879, entire contents of these patents is here cited as list of references.
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to electro-optical device and the device equipped with these devices.It is more particularly related to use
At building window or the middle electro-optical device of vehicle mirrors.
Background technology
Electrooptic cell is used for various uses, including optical gate, variable attenuation optical filter and building and vehicle window.Electric light
Element is generally applicable in vehicle most in the rearview mirror molectron used.This Electro-optic rearview mirrors is automatically controlled, and response refers to
Rearward the optical pickocff with front changes the reflectance of mirror, in order to reduces headlamp and is reflexing to the picture of driver's eyes
In dazzle.
Figure 1A represents the exploded view of the part of the Rearview mirror assemblies 5 in typical external mirror having indicator light molectron.Parts 5
Including electrochromism mirror element 10, frame 50 and support plate 70 (Figure 1B).Parts may further include liner 60 and 62, they
Be placed in the either side of electrochromism mirror element 10, arrange their purpose be around the periphery of mirror element 10 formed two grades close
Envelope.As Figure 1B best illustrates, electric driven color-changing part 10 includes the front elements 12 of substantial transparent, this element 12 typical case
Ground glass is formed, and has front surface 12a and rear surface 12b.Electric driven color-changing part 10 farther includes slightly and between element 12
The posterior elements 14 separated.Between element 12 and 14, form sealing member 16 around they peripheries, in order to limit between which
Go out the chamber sealed, electrochromic media is provided in this chamber.Preferably, element 12 and 14 is having on the surface of chamber
There is conductive layer, so as to cross over electrochromic media and apply current potential.These electrodes are electrically insulated from one another, and by the first He
Second Bussing connector 34a and 34b is separately connected on power supply.For the ease of the connection of Bussing connector 34a, 34b, element
12 and 14 typically offset of vertical so that Bussing connector can be fixed along the base of an element, and another bus is even
Connect device can be fixed on the top margin of another element.Bussing connector 34a, 34b are typical alligator clamps, are similar to known
U.S.Patent Nos.6,064,509 and 6, alligator clamp disclosed in 062,920, in order to guarantee that they are physically and electricity
Remain bonded on the electrode layer on the surface towards inside of element 12 and 14.Once electric driven color-changing part 10 is made into
And install total wire clamp 34a, 34b, it is possible to assemble mirror element 5.As shown in Figure 1A and 1B, frame includes front lip 51, should
Front lip is extended in a part of front surface 12a for front elements 12.Typically, front lip 51 is extended to front surface 12a's
In enough parts, in order to cover people and to the sight line of sealing member and protect sealing member 16 to be allowed to from possible uv degradation.
As can be seen from Fig 1B, the width D of the front lip 51 of frame 501Depend on many factors, including element 12 and 14
Offset distance D2.Further, Bussing connector presss from both sides outside the neighboring that 34a and 34b needs to extend to element 12 and 14, and this is just
Require wider frame.The frame of typical prior art has width D1For 5mm or above front lip.
Before being inserted in frame 50 by electrochromism mirror element 10, choosing can be available in the disposed behind of front lip 51
Front gasket 60, in order to be pressed in the front surface 12a of front elements 12 and the front lip 51 of frame 50 inner surface it
Between.Then mirror element 10 is placed in frame 50, and can arrange alternative along the periphery of the rear surface of element 14
Back gasket 62.Replace loading front and/or rear packing ring, or in addition at loading front and/or rear packing ring, also
Can fill or encapsulate such as urethanes, organosilicon or epoxy resin etc. at the interface zone of frame/mirror to seal
Material.Then by typically with engineering grade rigidity plastics or be similar to the support plate 70 that material used by frame 50 is formed, compress
On the rear surface of element 14, packing ring 62 is compressed between them.Multiple little protuberance 52 can be internally formed at frame,
Make to block in place by support plate 70, in order to be fixed in frame by mirror element 10.Support plate 70 is typically used in be installed mirror element
On outer mirror framework.More specifically, localizer (being expressed as element 740 in Figure 57) can be installed in mirror framework,
And be mechanically attached on support plate 70, so as to remote regulation mirror element position in mirror framework.
Although said structure can easily manufacture, but cause the front lip of the frame with electrochromism mirror element
The relevant overall styling of width in terms of problem.Especially since need to accommodate total wire clamp, the position of element 12 and 14 is inclined
Moving, and cover the sight line of sealing member, the width of the front lip of frame is typically than the mirror for non-dim light (non-electric light)
The width of the front lip of any frame used is the widest.In some vehicle, the only outer mirror of driver side is electric light, and
The mirror of passenger side is then non-dim light.
Accordingly it is desirable to improve the outer mirror parts of electric light, it is allowed to reduce the front width of frame, or not comprises
Front bezel.
And then, in vehicle is applied, for inside and outside, driver side and passenger side and front-view mirror, electric light
Rearview mirror elements becomes increasingly prevalent.When being encased in vehicle mirrors molectron, typical electrooptic cell will have and have
The visual field of effect, this visual field is less than the region by the perimeter limitation of element itself.Effective visual field is mainly by the knot of element itself
Structure and/or the restriction of relevant frame.
Carried out various trial, in order to provide a kind of available field of view in region having and being substantially equal to be limited by its periphery
Electrooptic cell.It is also proposed the scheme of the molectron equipped with these elements.
What is desired is that the electro-optical glass parts that a kind of improvement is provided.In the combination loading this electro-optical glass parts improved
In part, it is also desirable to improve.
The content of invention
In one aspect of the invention, the Electro-optic rearview mirrors for vehicle includes electro-optical glass parts, these electro-optical glass parts
Including limiting front elements and the posterior elements of chamber between which, and there is the electric light material being provided in described chamber
Material.Bracket, this bearing bracket this electro-optical glass parts.Periphery round electro-optical glass parts configures frame, and has continuity
Front lip in the part of the front surface of front elements, and there is the front lip on the edge extending to bracket, front lip quilt
It is fixed on the edge of bracket.
In another aspect of the present invention, the rearview mirror for vehicle includes electro-optical glass parts, this electro-optical glass parts bag
Include front elements and the posterior elements limiting chamber between which, and there is the electric light material being provided in described chamber
Material.Bracket, this bearing bracket this electro-optical glass parts.Frame, this frame configures round the periphery of electro-optical glass parts, and has
Front lip on the marginal portion of the front surface continued and be attached to front elements, and have from front lip at least part of further
Ground is along the side flange of the side extension of electro-optical glass parts.
In another aspect of the present invention, the rearview mirror molectron for vehicle includes mirror framework, this mirror framework
Limit an inside and a front opening, and there is the positioner installed in the inner.Mirror element and this mirror of supporting
The bracket of element is positioned in front opening and is operably mounted on positioner, for angle adjustment.Around mirror
The periphery configuration frame of sub-element.This frame has the wing of horizontal expansion, and this wing inner surface with mirror framework slidably is combined,
For inside is closed, to prevent from seeing the inside of mirror framework.
In another aspect of the present invention, the variable reflectivity mirror for vehicle includes mirror element.Frame, this frame encloses
Configuring around the periphery of mirror element and be mounted thereon, this frame has the flexible wing of horizontal expansion, and this flexibility wing is laterally outside
Side upwardly extends, and this wing is suitable for being attached to flexibly on the inner surface of mirror framework, for closed interior space to prevent from seeing
Inside to mirror framework.
In another aspect of the present invention, for motor vehicle electric light variable reflectivity mirror includes front elements, this front portion
Element has front surface and rear surface, and this rear surface has the ground floor of the conductive material being disposed on.This mirror wraps further
Including posterior elements, this posterior elements has front surface and rear surface, and the front surface of posterior elements has conductive material and is configured at it
On the second layer.Sealing member is set, sealably described element is combined with the relation being spaced apart from each other, in order to limit
Go out a chamber.Electrooptical material is arranged in described chamber.The band of the most lighttight material is arranged in anterior unit
On the rear surface of part, this band configures along its edge, and extends around its periphery.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of electrochromic rearview for vehicle, including framework, electrochromism
Mirror element and frame.Electrochromism mirror element includes front and rear element, is defined as one between front and rear element
Chamber, by electrochromic material configurations in this chamber.Front elements has front surface and limits the edge of this front surface.One
Frame covers the edge of front elements, but extends less than 1mm over the front surface.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, this mirror element includes the first of substantial transparent
Substrate and the second substrate, wherein, described first substrate includes the conductor of substantial transparent at least one surface thereof and has
The first electric contact, described second substrate is had to include the conductor of an at least partly reflection in its surface and have the second electricity and touch
Point, wherein, the first and second contacts limit substantially continuous part on the edge of mirror element.
The further aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, this mirror element includes substantial transparent
First substrate and the second substrate, wherein, described first substrate includes at least one of the first substrate round substantial transparent
The ring of at least partly reflection of the periphery on surface, the second substrate includes the conductor at least partly reflected the most on a surface,
Wherein, at least partly the reflectance of the conductor of reflection is substantially the same with the reflectance of at least partly ring of reflection.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, this mirror element includes the first of substantial transparent
Substrate and the second substrate, they interfix with the relation being spaced apart from each other via sealing member, to be defined as a chamber, its
In, sealing member is substantially transparent, and the first substrate of substantial transparent includes spectral filter material near part about.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror molectron, including the first substrate and second base of substantial transparent
Sheet, described first substrate includes the conductor of substantial transparent at least one surface thereof, and has the first electric contact, described
Two substrates include the conductor at least partly reflected at least one surface thereof and have the second electric contact, wherein, combine
The length occupied by the first and second electric contacts, at less than about 0.5 times of the total length limited by the periphery of mirror element.
Another aspect of the invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, including the first substrate of substantial transparent, this first base
Sheet includes the conductor of low sheet resistance on its second surface, and wherein, low sheet resistance conductor has about 1.0 Ω/ to about
The sheet resistance of 10 Ω/.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, including the substrate of substantial transparent, this substrate includes tool
Having an electric conductor of variable sheet resistance, wherein, sheet resistance is relatively low at ratio at relevant electric contact, with leave contact away from
From being directly proportional, sheet resistance becomes more and more higher.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, including the first substrate of substantial transparent, this substrate
Its second surface includes the conductor of substantial transparent, and farther includes the first peripheral length.This mirror element enters one
Step include the second substrate, this substrate includes second week edge lengths and farther includes electric conductor, this electric conductor have about 0.05 Ω/
Sheet resistance between and about 8.0 Ω/, wherein, the first peripheral length is more than second week edge lengths.
Another aspect of the invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, including the first substrate and second base of substantial transparent
Sheet, described first substrate includes the conductor of substantial transparent on its second surface, and farther includes the first peripheral length,
First substrate of substantial transparent farther includes the thickness less than 2.0mm, and the second substrate includes second week edge lengths, goes forward side by side one
Step includes electric conductor.
The further aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of mirror element, including the first substrate of substantial transparent, this substrate
Having the thickness less than 2.0mm, the first substrate of this substantial transparent is including the most not in the part of its periphery
Transparent material.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of Electro-optic rearview mirrors element, including the first substrate and the second substrate, first
Substrate is at least having the second surface lamination of material in the part on its second surface, described second substrate at least adjacent to
There is in the part of one surface the second substrate stack of material, wherein, the b* value that the second surface lamination of material is had,
B* value less than the second substrate stack of material.
Another aspect of the invention, it is provided that a kind of Electro-optic rearview mirrors element, including substantially electric with second surface conduction
The Part I of the second surface conductive electrode of the Part II electric insulation of pole.
The further aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of Electro-optic rearview mirrors element, including the first substrate and the second base
Sheet.First substrate at least has the hydrophilic stack of material at the part of first surface, and the first substrate is at least near the
The first conductive electrode, spectral filter material and increasing enclosure material is farther included at the part on two surfaces.Second substrate at least exists
There is the second conductive electrode, reflecting material and protection coating material near the 3rd surface element office.
Another aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of Electro-optic rearview mirrors element, including the first substrate and the second substrate, two kinds
Substrate is fixed with each other via the primary seal material including distance piece with the relation being spaced apart from each other, wherein, and the of material
Two surface stack there is no the region of the distortion relevant to distance piece.
In at least one embodiment, it is provided that a kind of electrooptic cell, including front and rear substrate, described substrate is except recessed
That enter or outside contacting with relevant conductive coating for convenience and being provided with the part at the edge of little protuberance, have substantially
Parallel periphery.In the embodiment that at least one is relevant, it is basic that " second surface " of anterior substrate is provided with one or more
The conductive layer of upper transparent high conductivity material.In at least one further embodiment, " the 3rd surface " of rear portion substrate sets
There is the layer of one or more high conductivity；The second surface of front elements can also have the conduction of one or more high conductivity
Layer.In the embodiment that at least another one is relevant, this element is installed on bracket, and this bracket is only near connecing with conductive coating
The edge that the contact touched is associated has overall frame.In at least another embodiment, element is at the first or second table
At least part of opaque coating of periphery around anterior substrate it is provided with so that cannot see that relevant sealing on one of face
Part.In embodiment that at least one is relevant, periphery coating have substantially with the reflectance base of the remainder of reflecting element
The reflectance of coupling in basis.In the embodiment that another one is relevant, periphery coating is spectral filter, this spectral filter base
In basis, shielding of ultraviolet and/or infrared ray radiation are on relevant sealing member；With its first or second surface on coating phase
Instead, this spectral filter can be encased in the substrate of correspondence.If by the coating of such as reflecting material around week of mirror
While be coated to first or second surface on to hide sealing member and/or during contact area, the color of the reflection of coating becomes very
Important.Typically, it is desirable to producing a kind of is neutral or substantially uniform color in visible range, or produces one
The reflection colour matched with the color of the remainder of the mirror element of state that is bright and limpid or that be bleached.When applying this
When layer is coated on the second surface above transparent conductor, when viewed from the frontside, the apparent colour of coating is by transparent conductor
The impact of optical property.This color can be controlled by selecting the thickness of material and material for manufacturing transparent conductor
System.If needing the neutrality of color, color suppression layer can be utilized when depositing transparent conductors, or can use the thickest
Conductor, the character that the conductor of this thickness (about 3 wavelength or more than) is intrinsic is that the amount containing colour is the lowest.Or, can be in deposition
On the second surface of the first substrate, periphery coating is applied before transparent conductor.If second surface periphery coating be black or
Substantially if coloring, it is also possible to apply and all recited above make transparent conductor that the contribution of color is reduced to minimum skill
Art.As an example, the colour examining of first surface chromium deposit is, a* is-0.99 and b* to be+0.24, and coating has about
The reflectance of 65%.The colour examining of one electrochromism outer mirror illustrated is that a* is-2.1, and b* is+3.1, and reflectance is about
58%.In this example embodiment, can visually observe the difference of reflectance, but, for great majority apply for, this instead
The coupling penetrating rate is acceptable.The difference of the reflectance between periphery reflector and main reflector is preferred less than 10%
, and the difference of the reflectance between periphery reflector and main reflector is most preferred less than 5%.Similarly, both
The color of coating is it appear that equal.By its example of second surface with the coating with the chromium being deposited in half-wavelength ITO
Comparing, colour examining and albedo measurement be, a* is-6.2 and b* to be+9.1, and reflectance is about 50%.In this case, color
Difference be significant and unallowed.When the color of the chromium of first surface is compared with the color of EC mirror,
The color distinction measured has the C* of 3.1, and the color distinction of the chromium coating in electric driven color-changing part and half-wavelength ITO is 7.3.
These examples also illustrate that, it is preferable that the difference of the color measured by C* is approximately less than 5, most preferably, are about 3 or less.As
Really periphery coating is to be substantially non-transparent, and is coated to the first substrate before being assembled on the second substrate by the first substrate
On one of first or second surface, and, if the reflector on the second substrate is to be substantially non-transparent words, it is difficult to from regarding
Primary seal and the defect of end plug is checked in feel.Plug material if, with ultraviolet curing, it is also difficult to solidification is inserted rightly
Plug material, because plug area region is substantially non-transparent coating from above covering with the back side.Due to these reasons, shelter
Or the outer peripheral portion being substantially non-transparent reflecting material removed on the surface 3 or 4 of the second substrate is ideal.
If using the reflector/electrode material of high conductivity on surface 3, can shelter or remove major part at sealing member/connector
Reflector electrode in region, and still retain the uniform coloring of EC mirror.Reflector/electrode can also be applied at such as ITO
Etc. on the conductor of substantial transparent.In deposition process, reflector/electrode can be sheltered, or can remove at sealing member
And/or a part for the reflector/electrode in plug area, so as to check and/or solidify.
In another further embodiment, use the encapsulant of substantial transparent.In the reality that at least one is relevant
Executing in example, the encapsulant of substantial transparent is resistant to direct irradiation ultraviolet thereon and/or infrared ray light, and not
Its adhesion strength can be lost.
In at least another embodiment, it is provided that anterior substrate, this front portion substrate is more than rear portion substrate to relevant
Conductive substrate on contact stashed from sight line.
By referring to detailed description below, claim and accompanying drawing, those skilled in the art will manage further
Solve and understand these and other feature, advantage and the purpose of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is the decomposition diagram of a part for traditional external electro-optical mirror element；
Figure 1B is the sectional view of the amplification of the traditional external electrical light microscopic molectron shown in Figure 1A；
Fig. 2 shows schematically the front view of the inside/outside Electro-optic rearview mirrors system for motor vehicles, and wherein, outer mirror fills
There is the outer mirror molectron of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A is the electric light of the form of first embodiment including the present invention intercepted on the III-III line of Fig. 2
The sectional view of the amplification of mirror element；
Fig. 3 B represents the sectional view of the electro-optic mirror element including light source；
Fig. 3 C represents the sectional view including the electro-optic mirror element for the little protuberance with relevant conductive layers make contact；
Fig. 4 A is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate being formed on electrode, and this rear portion substrate can be used in Fig. 3 A institute
In the electro-optical glass shown；
Fig. 4 B is the front plan view of electro-optic mirror element, and this electro-optic mirror element includes substantially continuous neighboring also
There is the little projections/grooves part of contact area for being connected on the conductive layer being correlated with；
Fig. 4 C be in addition to have be more nearly rectangular shape periphery and have on one inside edge little protuberance/
Outside groove part, it is similar to the front plan view of the electro-optic mirror element shown in Fig. 4 B；
Fig. 4 D represents the electro-optic mirror element with the anterior substrate more than relevant rear portion substrate；
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of second embodiment including the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of second embodiment including the present invention；
Fig. 7 A is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate being formed on electrode, and this rear portion substrate may be used for Fig. 6 institute
The electro-optic mirror element shown；
Fig. 7 B is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate shown in Fig. 7 A, and additionally has a sealing formed thereon
Part, this rear portion substrate may be used in the electro-optic mirror element shown in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 A is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate with an electrode formed thereon, and this rear portion substrate can be used
In the electro-optic mirror element shown in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 B is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate shown in Fig. 8 A, and additionally has a sealing formed thereon
Part, this rear portion substrate may be used in the electro-optic mirror element shown in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 C is the exploded view of the front and rear substrate representing and having electrode formed thereon, and the described substrate of institute is permissible
In the electro-optic mirror element of the present invention；
Fig. 8 D is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate shown in Fig. 8 A, additionally has sealing member formed thereon；
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 3rd embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 10 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 4th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 11 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 5th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 12 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 6th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 13 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 7th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 14 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 8th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 15 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 9th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 16 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the tenth embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 17 A is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 11st embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 17 B is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 12nd embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 18 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 13rd embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 19 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 14th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 20 is to represent the various material frames that may be used for manufacturing the frame of the 14th embodiment according to the present invention
The curve chart of the relation between power and skew；
Figure 21 A is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 15th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 21 B is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 16th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 21 C is the top plan view of the rear portion substrate being formed with electrode on it, and this rear portion substrate may be used for Figure 21 B institute
The electro-optic mirror element shown；
Figure 21 D is the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 17th embodiment according to the present invention
Sectional view；
Figure 21 E is the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 18th embodiment according to the present invention
Sectional view；
Figure 22 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the nineteen embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 23 is the sectional view of the amplification of the electro-optic mirror element of the form of the 20th embodiment including the present invention；
Figure 24 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 21st embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 25 is the top plan view of electro-optic mirror element, represents the edge seal used in each embodiment of the present invention
Preparation；
Figure 26 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 22nd embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 27 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 23rd embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 28 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 24th embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 29 A is the of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 25th embodiment according to the present invention
One sectional view amplified；
Figure 29 B is the of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 25th embodiment according to the present invention
Two sectional views amplified；
Figure 30 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 26th embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 31 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 27th embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 32 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the 28th embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；And
Figure 33 is putting of the electro-optic mirror element including edge seal of the second nineteen embodiment according to the present invention
Big sectional view；
Figure 34-42 is the sectional view of a fragment of the amplification at the edge of 11 other mirror structure, each mirror
Minor structure has a frame, covers the edge of electro-optic mirror element from the viewpoint of aesthetic, at Figure 34-35A, in 36, and frame
On the edge of the bracket being incorporated into electro-optic mirror element, in Figure 37-42, it is coupled on the edge of bracket by mechanical interlocked；
Figure 43-46 is the sectional view of a fragment of the amplification at the edge of six other mirror structures, and each mirror is tied
Structure has a frame, before the edge covering electro-optic mirror element from the viewpoint of aesthetic, in Figure 43-44, frame
Also covering the side at edge, in Figure 45-46, frame only partly covers the side at edge；
Figure 47-49 is the sectional view of a fragment of the amplification at the edge of three other mirror structure, each mirror
Structure has the edge of an electro-optic mirror element applied by the band of material, and Figure 47 represents that fully passing over side from front surface prolongs
The band stretched, Figure 48 represents from the band that extends in side of front surface portion ground, and Figure 49 represents and is limited in the of electro-optic mirror element
Band on two surfaces；
Figure 50-51 is the sectional view of a fragment of the amplification of the frame with C-shaped cross-section, and described frame covers electricity
The lateral edges of light mirror element, and be wound up into the first and the 4th of electro-optic mirror element on surface, but, it also includes having resilient
Flexible wing, this wing is laterally away from electro-optic mirror element and extends, expands to and cell mount CONTACT WITH FRICTION；
Figure 52 represents the plane graph of the support plate with overall inside bracket；
Figure 53 represents the side view of the support plate of the overall inside bracket with Figure 52；
Figure 54 represents the front view of inside rear-view mirror molectron；
Figure 55 represents the sectional view of inside rear-view mirror molectron；
Figure 56 represents the exploded view of inside rear-view mirror molectron；
Figure 57 represents the exploded view of external mirror having indicator light molectron；
Figure 58 represents a controlled vehicle；
Figure 59 A represents the exploded view of external mirror having indicator light；
Figure 59 B represents the molectron including electrooptic cell；
Figure 60 represents the inside rear view mirror molectron including electrooptic cell；
Figure 61 A-C represents the first surface plane graph of electrooptic cell, the 4th surface plane figure and sectional view respectively；
Figure 62 represents the enlarged drawing of Figure 61 C；
Figure 63 A-H represents the curve chart of the feature relevant to color for various electrooptic cell compositions；
Figure 64 A-I represents for setting up second and the 3rd various technology of electrical connection of surface conductive electrode；
Figure 65 A-N represents for setting up second and the 3rd various conductive clamp of electrical connection of surface conductive electrode；And
Figure 66 A-C represents the sectional view of two kinds of carrier assemblies for the electrooptic cell in rearview mirror molectron；
Figure 67 is the schematic side sectional view of the external mirror having indicator light molectron with antidetonation element.
Detailed description of the invention
Reference will now be made in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the example of these preferred embodiments is shown in the drawings.All
In accompanying drawing, as possible, identical reference number will be used for same or similar parts.In the accompanying drawings, represented knot
Constitutive element part is not drawn to scale, and in order to emphasize and readily appreciate, is carried out by some parts for other parts
Amplify.
As described above, electro-optical glass parts provide the advantage of a kind of reduced width by frame front lip, and this is reduced
The width of front lip be preferably about 4mm or following, it is highly preferred that this width is less than about 3.6mm, be the most still extended to simultaneously
The width of whole sealing member, and, beyond the about 0.5mm at the inner most edge extending preferably to sealing member, thus be enough to
The sight line of sealing member is blocked.According to certain aspects of the invention, owing to being additionally useful for blocking sealing member by first transparent yuan
The creative technology of the sight line of part, it might even be possible to without frame.Other aspect according to the present invention, it is provided that creative
Frame, described frame uses such material manufacture, and described material is not used for manufacturing frame in the past.If by Shore
(Shore) A hardness elastic peripheral frame's material less than 60 is for outer mirror, by Shore (Shore) the A hardness elastic peripheral frame less than 50
Material for internal mirror, then can use a kind of flat frame profile design, and it has sharp-pointed turning, this sharp-pointed turning symbol
Close the European standard requirement for the edge of mobile vehicle.If the hardness for the frame material of outer mirror is more than Shore
(Shore) A hardness 60, the hardness for the frame material of internal mirror is less than Shore (Shore) A hardness 50, then turns all of
On angle and/or edge, it is necessary to be remained above the radius of 2.5mm.Thus, when frame is to manufacture with elastomeric material, have more
The big motility in design.In at least one embodiment, it is provided that a kind of frame, this frame utilizes has the Shore less than 60
The material manufacture of A hardness；In a relevant embodiment, this material has the Xiao A hardness less than 50.Real at least one
Executing in example, it is provided that a kind of frame, it is more than turning and the edge of 2.5mm with radius.
All one of common creative technology for overwhelming majority embodiments which will be described, be reduce or
Eliminate the position skew of the transparent element of electrooptic cell, so as to correspondingly reduce the width of frame.Thus, described below
Various embodiments, by changing the novel method being electrically coupled of the electrode on electro-optical device, complete this task.Right
Each in embodiment is probably after common structural detail is reviewed, and carries out each embodiment in detail below
Describe.
Fig. 2 is to schematically illustrate scope molectron 110 and two outside backsights being respectively used to driver side and passenger side
Mirror molectron 111a and the front view of 111b, all of which is suitable for being installed on motor vehicles, wherein, respectively by traditional mode
Individual mirror, in the face of the rear of vehicle, can be seen by the driver of vehicle, it is provided that the rearward visual field.Scope molectron 110 He
External mirror having indicator light molectron 111a and 111b can include Canadian Patent Canadian Patent No.1 above-mentioned,
300,945, United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,204,778, U.S.Patent No.5,451,822, U.S.Patent
No.6,402,328, or U.S Patnt No.6, the photosensitive electronic circuit of type illustrated and described in 386,713, Yi Jineng
Enough sense dazzle and ambient light and other circuit of driving voltage, retouching above-mentioned patent here are provided on electrooptic cell
State and be all cited as list of references.
Mirror molectron 110,111a with 111b represent the identical parts this respect of inside and outside mirror at similar label
It is substantially the same.These parts can be the most different, but, the parts of similar label are substantially with identical
Mode work and obtain substantially the same result.Such as, the shape of the front glass element of internal mirror 110, typically than
Outer mirror 111a and 111b is longer, narrower.Compared with outer mirror 111a and 111b, also have some different for internal mirror 110
Performance standard.Such as, when cleaning completely, internal mirror 110 typically should have about 70% to about 85% or higher reflectance
Value, and outer mirror is generally of the reflectance value of about 50% to 65%.And, in the U.S. (as provided by automobile factory
), passenger side mirror 111b typically has the shape of spherical curvature or protrusion, and driver side mirror 111a and internal mirror are current
Must time flat.In Europe, driver side mirror 111a is usually flat or aspheric, and passenger side mirror 111b then has convex
The shape gone out.In Japan, two outer mirrors are respectively provided with the shape of protrusion.Although the focus of the present invention is generally concentrated at epi mirror
On, but explained below typically can also be used for all of mirror molectron including internal mirror molectron of the present invention.And then,
Certain aspects of the invention, can implement, such as building window in the electrooptic cell of other purposes, or similar use
On the way, or the most in other forms electro-optical device is implemented.
Fig. 3 A represents the sectional view of the outer mirror molectron 111 of at least one embodiment manufacture according to the present invention, its bag
Include: there is the front elements 112 of the substantial transparent of front surface 112a and rear surface 112b, and have front surface 114a and after
The posterior elements 114 of surface 114b.In order to this structure is more clearly described, following title will be used below.Will
The front surface 112a of front glass element is referred to as first surface, and the rear surface 112b of front glass element is referred to as the second table
Face.The front surface 114a of rear part glass element is referred to as the 3rd surface, by the back surface 114b of rear part glass element referred to as
4th surface.(it is deposited on the 3rd table by the conductor electrode 128 (being positioned on second surface 112b) of substantial transparent, electrode 120
On the 114a of face) and the circular inner wall 132 of containment member 116 limit chamber 125.In chamber 125, accommodate electrochromism be situated between
Matter 126.The edge of element 112 and 114 preferably has " zero offset ", and here, so-called " zero offset " means that they are from completely
Alignment average phase difference is less than about 1mm, or, it is highly preferred that leave perfectly aligned within about 0.5mm.Zero offset can be complete
It is centered around element 112 and 114 to extend, or can extend along some of which part, such as, along having for electroluminescent change
The Bussing connector of color material circuit or the marginal portion of electric conductor extend.This little skew or zero offset cause further
Reduce edge frame and (such as, see project 144 (Figure 18), 144a (Figure 19), 182 (Figure 21 B), 182b (Figure 21 E), 166 (figures
22) or 344-344P (Figure 34-51)) overall width and size.
As widely used and as described herein, so-called " mounting " electrode on the surface of element or layer, refer to
Be the electrode or layer being set directly on the surface of element, or be arranged on other coating, layer or multiple layer
Electrode or layer, described other coating, layer or multiple layer are directly arranged on the surface of element.
Transparent front element 112 can be any material as described below, i.e. this material is the most transparent
, and under the conditions of the temperature and pressure of the change seen in the environment of common automobile etc., there is enough intensity, in order to energy
Enough operate.Front elements 112 can be made up of following any kind of glass, including: borosilicate glass, sodium calcium glass
Glass, float glass, or be made up of other material any of the following stated, such as, in the visibility region of electromagnetic spectrum thoroughly
Bright polymer or plastics.Front elements 112 is preferably sheets of glass.Except in all applications need not transparent it
Outward, posterior elements must is fulfilled for operating condition suggested above, therefore, it can be made up of polymer, metal, glass, pottery,
Preferably sheets of glass.
Utilize both peripheries near second surface 112b and the 3rd surface 114a arranges containment member 116, with that
This spaced apart and parallel relation, is sealably attached to the electrode 120 on the 3rd surface 114a on second surface 112b
On electrode 128.Containment member 116 can be can be by the coating adhesive bond on second surface 112b to the 3rd surface 114a
Any material of coating, in order to periphery is sealed so that electrochromic material 126 will not leak from chamber 125.As
Which will be described, on the top of the part arranging containment member, can be by electrically conducting transparent overlay 128 and/or electrode 120
Layer remove.In this case, containment member 116 should be well bonded on glass.
The performance requirement of the periphery containment member 116 for using in electrochromic device, is similar to at liquid crystal
The requirement that the periphery used in device (LCD) seals, the latter is known in this technical field.Sealing member must to glass,
Metal and metal-oxide have good caking property；Must have for oxygen, moisture, steam and other hazardous vapors and gas
Low permeability；Electrochromism or the liquid crystal material that must accommodate and protect with it react to each other, and can not make
They poisonings.Can by LCD industry generally uses method coating peripheral seal, such as, by silk screen print method
Or spreading method.Due to the treatment temperature that it is relatively low, so, thermoplasticity, thermosetting or ultraviolet hardening organic sealing tree
Fat is preferred.For LCD this organic resin sealing systems United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.4,297,401,4,
418,102, description was carried out in 4,695,490,5,596,023 and 5,596,024.Due to they excellent gluing to glass
Knot property, low oxygen permeability and good solvent resistance, so, the organic sealing resins based on epoxy resin is preferred.
Epoxy resin can be ultraviolet curing, such as United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.4, described in 297,401, or
Heat cure, such as, utilize liquid epoxies and liquid polyamide resin or the compound of dicyandiamide, or, can be by it
Homopolymerization.Epoxy resin can include filler or thickening agent, and to reduce its mobility and contractility, such as, steam sinks
Long-pending silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide, Muscovitum, clay, calcium carbonate, aluminium oxide etc., and/or pigment, be used for adding color.Pass through
Utilizing single function, difunctional and multi-functional epoxy resin and the mixture of firming agent, the crosslinking of the resin that can control solidification is dense
Degree.Such as silane, titanate or the additive such as sulfur or phosphorus compound can be used, in order to improve the hydrolysis-stable of sealing member
Property and caking property, it is possible to use such as glass or plastic bead or bar part at equal intervals, in order to control last seal thickness and
The interval of substrate.The epoxy resin being suitable for periphery containment member 116 includes but is not limited to: can be from Shell
Chemical Co., " EPON RESIN " (angstrom friend's resin) that Houston, Texas buy 813,825,826,828,830,
834、862、1001F、1002F、2012、DPS-155、164、1031、1074、58005、58006、58034、58901、871、
872 and DPL-862；" ARALITE " GY6010 that can buy from Ciba Geugy Hawthorne, New York,
GY6020、CY9579、GT7071、XU248、EPN1139、PY307、ECN1235、ECN1273、ECN1280、MT0163、
MY720, MY0500, MY0510 and PT810；And can be from Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Michigan buy
" D.E.R. " 331,317,361,383,661,662,667,732,736, " D.E.N. " 354,354LV, 431,438,439,
With 444.Suitably epoxy curing agent includes V-15, v-25 and V-40 polyamides coming from Shell Chemical CO.
Amine；Come from Ajinomoto Co., " AJICURE " PN-23, PN-34 and VDH of Tokyo, Japan；Can be from Shikoku
Fine Chemicals, " CUREZOL " AMZ, 2MZ, 2E4MZ, C11Z, C17Z, 2PZ, 2IZ that Tokyo, Japan purchase and
2P4MZ；Can from CVC SpecialtyChemicals, Maple Shade, New Jersey obtain " ERISYS " DDA or
The DDA that person accelerates with U-405,24EMI, U-410 and U-415；With can from Air Products, Allentown,
What Pennsylvavnia purchased " AMICURE " PACM, 2049,352, CG, CG325 and CG-1200.The filler being suitable for includes
Fumed silica, as can be from Cabot Corporation, " CAB-O-SIL " that Tuscola, Illinois buy
L-90, LM-130, LM-5, PTG, M-5, MS-7, MS-55, TS-720, HS-5 and EH-5；Can from Degussa, Akron,
" AEROSIL " R972, R974, R805, R812S, R202, US204 and US206 that Ohio buys.Suitably clay filled agent bag
Include can from Engelhard Corporation, BUCA, CATALPO, ASP NC that Edison, New Jersey buys,
SATINONE 5, SATINONE SP-33, TRANSLINK 37, TRANSLINK 77, TRANSLINK 445 and 555.Properly
Silica-filled dose be can from SCM Chemicals, SILCRON G-130 that Baltimore, Maryland buy,
G-300, G-100-T and G-100.Suitably the silane coupling agent of the hydrolytic stability for improving sealing member is can be from Dow
Chemical Co., Z-6020, Z-6030, Z-6032, Z-6040, Z-6075 and Z-that Midland, Michigan buy
6076.Suitably accurate miniature bead can be classified from Duke Scientific, Palo Alto with installation dimension,
California buys.Sealing member can be according to the technology of United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent Nos.5,790,29 and 6,157,480
Manufacturing, entire contents of these patents is here cited as list of references.
Another keeps the accurate suitable method being spaced between sheets of glass to be to add to mould in encapsulant
Material fiber.If these fibers aspect ratio (length diameter group) with about 2.5 to 3 to 1 from monofilament is cut, solid sealing
For keeping two substrates will not slide the most effective during change.During sealing and curing, glass bead plays ball bearing
Effect, it is possible between substrate move.When the weight ratio with about 1% is by high-temperature polyester (PEN) or Polyetherimide
(Ultem) when the fiber manufactured adds in encapsulant, substrate motion can be helped prevent, because these fibers are to take at random
To, some fiber will be positioned on the position that will not roll.These plastic spacer have another advantage, i.e. they
The more closely thermal expansion with the organic sealing material of solidification matches, thus less generation is sealed in Thermal Cycling and answer
Power.
Being deposited on second surface 112b of the conductive material 128 of substantial transparent, plays a part electrode.Substantially
Transparent conductive material 128 can be any material meeting following condition, before described material can be well bonded to
On portion's element 112, any material in electrochromic device will not be eroded, it is possible to tolerance air or road on anti-icing
Freeze the erosion of salt, there is minimal diffusion or specular reflectivity, high light transmittance, close to neutral color, with
And good electrical conductivity.Transparent conductive material 128 can be such as LEYBOLD AG, Alzenau, Germany's
J.Stollenwerk, B.Ocker, K.H.Kretschmer are at " Tranparent Conductive Multilayer-
System for FPD Application " Fluorin doped described in (the electrically conducting transparent multilayer system in FPD applies)
Stannum oxide, the zinc oxide of doping, indium zinc oxide (Zn3In2O6), tin indium oxide (ITO), ITO/ metal/ITO (IMI), carry above
The United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5 arrived, 202,787 materials described, for example, it is possible to from Libbey Owens-Ford
Co.of Toedo, what Ohio purchased TEC20 or TEC15, or other transparent conductor.Usually, transparent conductive material 128
Electrical conductivity will depend on its thickness and composition.Compared with other material, IMI typically has excellent electric conductivity.However, it is known that,
IMI stands faster environmental degradation, and suffers splitting.In IMI structure, the thickness of various layers can change, but, one
As, the scope of the thickness of the first ITO layer is from aboutTo aboutMetallic layer thickness ranges is from aboutTo aboutThe thickness of the second ITO layer is from aboutTo aboutIf it is desired, it is possible at transparent conductive material 128
And deposit one or more layers color alternative suppression material layer (not shown) between second surface 112b, be used for suppressing electroluminescent
The reflection of any unwanted part in variable color spectrum.
Preferably in the combination arranging reflector/electrode 120 on the 3rd surface 114a.The combination of reflector/electrode 120
Including at least one of which reflecting material, as the reflecting layer of mirror, the most also form an overall electrode, this electrode and electrochromism
Any one of medium composition contacts with chemical with electrochemically stable relation.Reflector/electrode can mainly reflect, or
Person, the most entitled " ELECTROCHROMIC RERVIEW MIRROR ASSMBLY INCORPORATING A
DISPLAY/SIGNAL LIGHT " on March in 2004 2 the William L.Tonar that delivers et al. United States Patent (USP)
U.S.Patent No.6, described by 700,692, it is also possible to be fractional transmission/partially reflective (or " transflective "
(Transflective)), the full content of this patent is here cited as list of references.Optionally, electroluminescent change
Color device can include the transparent conductive material playing electrode effect being positioned on the 3rd surface, and include and be positioned at the 4th table
Reflector on face.But, but, " reflector " and the combination of " electrode " both to be placed on the 3rd surface be preferred,
Because the manufacture so making device is the most complicated, and allow device with higher capability operation.Combination on the 3rd surface
Reflector/electrode 120, compared with the traditional transparency electrode used on the 3rd surface, generally have higher conduction
Property.Or the composition of the transparency conductive electrode on second surface can also be become the composition (cheap with relatively low electric conductivity
A little and be easier to produce and manufacture), but keep being similar to utilizing what the 4th surface reflector device was obtained in that
Color speed, substantially simultaneously reduces whole cost and produces the required time of electrochromic device.But, if as a spy
Surely design its performance be most important if, can use an appropriate high conductivity transparency electrode on a second surface, such as,
ITO, IMI etc..High conductivity on the 3rd surface is (that is, less than 250 Ω/ (every square centimeter of ohm), preferably less than 15
Ω/, most preferably between 15 Ω/ and about 0.01 Ω/) reflector/electrode and high conductance on a second surface
The combination of the electrode of the substantial transparent of rate, not only has the electrochromic device of the total coloring more equalized by generation, and
Colouring speeds can also be increased.And then, in the 4th front-surface mirror molectron, there are two to have relatively low electric conductivity
The electrode of substantial transparent, in the 3rd front-surface mirror used above, has the electrode of substantial transparent and has relatively low
Reflector/the electrode of electric conductivity, and, similarly, front and rear element needs a long introducing and extracted current
Bus, in order to guarantee appropriate colouring speeds and uniform coloring.At least the 3rd surface electricity of certain embodiments of the present invention
Pole is metal, can have a high electrical conductivity, therefore, even for a little or irregular contact area, whole
Also there is on individual conductive surface highly uniform voltage or Potential distribution.Thus, by being allowed for the electrode on the 3rd surface
Electric contact the least (if necessary), but remain in that suitable colouring speeds and uniform coloring, the present invention provides
Bigger design flexibility.
It may be desirable in the structure of external mirror having indicator light, include thin glass, in order to reduce the gross weight of mirror, from
And the mechanism of the orientation for operating mirror will not be overweight.Reduce weight can also improve mirror molectron vibrated time dynamic
Stability.Or, the weight reducing mirror element can allow to be arranged in mirror framework more electronic circuit, and does not increases
The weight of mirror framework.Thin glass tends to distortion or ruptures, when being particularly exposed in exceedingly odious environment.By making
With the electrochromic device of the improvement of the thin glass elements of the gel rubber material equipped with two with improvement, this problem obtains significantly
Improvement.The device of this improvement is disclosed in known, entitled " ELECTROCHROMIC that propose on April 2nd, 1997
MIRROR WITH TWO GLASS ELEMENT S AND A GELLED ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIUM " (with two
The EC mirror of the electrochromic media of thin glass elements and gelation) United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,940,
In 201.This entirety is here cited as list of references.3rd surface of device increases the reflector of combination/
Electrode, the further dual picture of any remnants that help removing causes due to two glass elements parallel deviates.Thus, preferably
Ground, chamber 125 accommodates freestanding gel, this gel and thin glass elements 112 and 114 cooperative interaction, in order to system
Making a mirror, this mirror works just as a thick single component, and unlike just with containment member by two
Individual thin glass keeps together.In freestanding gel, including the polymer matrix of solution and crosslinking, solution is dispersed in poly-
In compound parent, and continue to work as solution.Similarly, molten at solution of the electrochromic material of at least one solution phase
In agent, the part accordingly, as solution is dispersed in polymer matrix (typically referred to as " the electroluminescent change of gelation
Color medium " 126).This allows to utilize relatively thin glass manufacture rearview mirror, in order to reduces the gross weight of mirror, but keeps
Enough globalities in structure, thus, mirror will withstand generally for the environment of automobile for exceedingly odious
Condition.This also will assist in the uniform interval kept between thin glass elements, and this uniform interval can be improved outside mirror
See the uniformity of (such as, coloring).Due to by freestanding gel, the first glass elements 112 and the second glass elements 114, with
No longer self-movement but mode as a thick single component combines, and is to produced in this structure
Globality, wherein, described freestanding gel, the first glass elements 112 and the second glass elements 114 are respectively provided with enough
Strength characteristics, in order to effectively work in EC mirror.This stability includes but is not limited to: warp resistance, antitorque
Bent, counter-bending and resistance to fracture, and the picture quality of the improvement of reflection image, such as, less distortion, double image, color uniform
Property, and the Independent Vibration of each glass elements.But, although it is important for being combined by front and rear glass elements,
Guarantee that EC mirror action rightly is also no less important (if not being prior words).Stand alone type gel must be tied
Close on the electrode layer (if this mirror has the 3rd surface, including reflector/electrode) on the wall at this device, but
Can not and electrode layer and the electrochromic material being arranged in chamber 116 between electron transfer disturb.And then, gel must
Can not progress over time and shrink, chap or seepage so that gel itself causes low picture quality.Guarantee solely
Vertical gel be attached to electrode layer well enough in case front and rear glass elements is combined and will not along with time
Between progress and deteriorate, although they are in solution still allowing for occurring electrochromic reaction, this point is the present invention
One importance.When utilize around electro-optical glass periphery first surface reflector and wherein main reflector be positioned at other
When one of surface is upper, when from an angle sight glass period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the distance between two reflecting surfaces results in a shade
District.For the substrate that size is thick, this shade size increases, and for relatively thin substrate, its size reduces.This shade produces one not
The region of continuous reflection, when observing an object in mirror, this is undesirable.In order to this shade is reduced to minimum
Limit, it is preferable that utilize thickness to be less than the substrate of 2.0mm first.It is highly preferred that use first substrate of about 1.8mm or less,
It is highly preferred that utilize first substrate of about 1.1mm or less.
In order to be appropriately completed task, mirror must correctly show the picture of reflection, and when glass elements, (reflector is installed
Tend to thereon) warpage or bending, and when driver observes reflection image, then can not accomplish this point.Warpage or bending
The pressure spot occurring to apply mainly due to the installation of mirror and governor motion, and for collecting the various of outer mirror element
The difference of the thermal coefficient of expansion of parts causes.These parts include mirror element is installed to operation or the position of regulation mirror
Mechanism's (being attached on mirror by binding agent) on support plate, frame and framework.A lot of mirrors also have encapsulating material, as
Secondary seal.Each of these parts, material and binding agent has different thermal coefficient of expansions, when heating and cooling, it
Will expand and be retracted to different degree, and stress will be applied on glass elements 112 and 114.In the biggest mirror,
Hydrostatic pressure becomes the problem attracted people's attention, when anterior and rear part glass element be bent outwardly in the bottom of mirror, at top to
During interior bending, the problem that double image can be caused.By front and rear glass elements is combined, thin glass/freestanding solidifying
The action just as a thick solid memder (still allowing for the action that EC mirror is appropriate) of glue/thin glass combination, thus
Reduce or eliminate the problem of warpage, bending, warpage, double image and degeneration and the spotty staining of electrochromic media.
Collaborative interaction between glass elements and the stand alone type gel of the present invention, also improves and has thin glass unit
The safe condition of the electrochromism quiet 110 of part.In addition to more soft, come compared with heavy sheet glass, thin glass is more prone to rupture,
By being combined with thin glass by stand alone type gel, whole intensity is improved (as discussed above) and is limited its powder further
Broken and dispersion, and when device breakage, it is easy to clean.
The polymer matrix of a kind of crosslinking improved used at least one embodiments of the invention, is disclosed in public affairs
Entitled " the ELECTROCHROMIC LAYER AND DEVICES COMPRISING SAME " that the March 15 in 1996 known proposes
United States Patent (USP) U.s, in No.5,928,572.The full content of this patent, is here cited as list of references.
Typically, EC mirror utilizes the glass elements manufacture of the thickness with about 2.3mm.According to the present invention at least
The preferred thin glass elements of one embodiment, has the thickness of about 1.1mm, and this makes the weight of substrate save more than 50%.
The weight of this minimizing.Ensure that the mechanism of the normally referred to as orientation for handling mirror of support plate will not overload, and to mirror
The stability of vibration of son further provides and is markedly improved.
Thus, at least one embodiment, transparent front element 112 preferably sheets of glass, this sheets of glass has
Have the thickness in the range of 0.5mm to about 1.8mm, it is preferable that this thickness range from 0.5mm to 1.6mm, it is highly preferred that from
About 0.5mm to 1.5mm, even more preferably, from about 0.8mm to about 1.2mm, currently most preferably thickness is 1.1mm.Rear portion
Element 114 is preferably and element 112 has the sheets of glass of the thickness in same range.
When two glass elements being all made to ratio time relatively thin, although the vibration performance of scope or epi mirror improved-right
Become apparent from scope effect.The vibration that these are operated by electromotor and/or the motion of vehicle causes, affects rearview mirror, thus, mirror
On the end of the cantilever beam that molectron acts on vibration as a weight.The mirror of this vibration causes the mould of the picture of reflection
Sticking with paste, this is with security-related, is also that one makes the offending phenomenon of driver simultaneously.(that is, exist when being applied to cantilever beam tip section weight
The mirror element being arranged on outer mirror on support plate or the mirror mounting seat on internal mirror) reduce time, mirror vibration frequency
Rate increases.If the frequency of mirror vibration increases to 60 hertz, the fuzzy of the picture of reflection will not visually cause driving
Member's is unhappy.And then, along with the increase of mirror frequency of vibration, although mirror vibration, its distance moved is reduced significantly.Thus,
By reducing the weight of mirror element, whole mirror becomes more stable for vibration, and improves driver's observation after vehicle
What ability face be.Such as, with the scope of the glass elements that two thickness is 1.1mm, there is horizontal frequency about 55
First vibration mould of hertz, but, with the mirror of the glass elements of two 2.3mm, there is horizontal frequency and be about 45 hertz
First vibration mould.How this difference of 10 hertz, observe a reflection image generation one for driver and be significantly improved.
4th glass surface 114b can arrange resistance heater (not shown), be used for heating this mirror, thus bright and limpid
Mirror on ice, snow, mist or fog.This resistance heater can be optionally one for first and/or the 4th table
ITO layer on face, the stannum oxide of Fluorin doped, or can also be other heater layer known or structure in this field.
Referring again to Fig. 2, the rearview mirror implementing various aspects of the invention can include framework or frame 144, described
Framework or frame extend around the whole periphery of each single molectron 110,111a and/or 111b.Frame 144 will be total
Wiring connector (if present) and sealing member are hidden and protect.Various frame design, example are known in the art it
As, the United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5 being generally noted above, 448,397 lecture and the frame described by claim.
In all Canadian Patent Canadian Patent No.1,300,945 as mentioned above and United States Patent (USP)
The electricity lectured in U.S.Patent Nos.5,204,778,5,434,407,5,451,822,6,402,32 and 6,386,713
Road, is connected in electrode 120 and transparency electrode 128, and can control to cross over 120 and the current potential that applies of transparency electrode 128, from
And, electrochromic media 126 will be dimmed, thus by amounts different for the light attenuation by this medium, thus change and include
Cause the reflectance of the mirror of color changing media 126.Ambient light is preferably comprised for controlling the circuit of the reflectance of EC mirror
Sensor (not shown) and glare sensor 161, by anti-after glare sensor can be arranged on mirror glass and through one
Penetrate the part observation that material removes wholly or in part, or, it is also possible to this glare sensor is arranged on the outside of reflecting surface,
Such as, be arranged in frame 144, or as described herein below, this sensor can be arranged on one deposit equably saturating
Penetrate on reflection (fractional transmission, partially reflective) coating.It addition, as described below, can be by electrode and a region of reflector
Or multiple region, such as 146, completely or partially remove, in order to allow the such as vacuum such as compass, clock and watch or other labelling glimmering
Optical display unit, shows vehicle driver, or as following also will described in, this luminescence display molectron can be by uniformly
The Transflective coating of deposition is shown.The present invention can also be applied to only use one for measuring dazzle and ambient light two
The mirror of the video chip optical sensor of person, this sensor may be further capable of the direction determining dazzle.According to this invention system
The automatic mirror of the vehicle interior made, it is also possible to control in automatic mirror system as slave one or two outside
Mirror, in the system, each mirror element can independently control.
The feature of at least one embodiment of the present invention is described below according to Fig. 3 A and 4A.Fig. 4 A represents that on it, deposition has electricity
The top view of the second transparent element 114 of pole 120, can be used together with the structure shown in Fig. 3 A.As shown in Figure 4 A, electrode
120 are divided into two different electrode zones-Part I 120a and Part II 120b, and said two region is not had by one
There is the region 120c of electrode material or other conductive material any from electrically insulating, isolating physically.Electrode material is not
Should be present in the 120c of region, thus, electric current has no chance directly to flow to second area 120b from first area 120a.Have very
Electrode material 120 is removed from the 120c of region by multi-method, such as, chemical attack, laser ablation, is carried out physics by scraping and removes
Go.By utilizing mask can also avoid depositing on the 120c of region during depositing electrode.
As shown in Figure 3A, the second area 120b of electrode 120 at the 3rd surface 114a of electrochromic device with electroluminescent
Color changing media 126 makes electrical contact with, and Part I 120a is by region 120c, sealing member 116 or both and electrochromic media 126
Isolation.But, first area 120a is incorporated into the transparent electrical on the second surface 112b of electrochromic device by electric conductor
On pole 128, this electric conductor extends around a periphery part or the major part of sealing member.Thus, at electrode layer 120 and 128
Between part, effectively provide a short circuit.It is total that this short circuit makes to be typically mounted on the outer peripheral edge of the first transparent element 112
Line conductive clamp changes into being installed on the second element 114.More specifically, the transparency electrode 128 on power supply and second surface
Between electrical connection, can be enterprising by bus (or conductive clamp 119a) being connected to the Part I 120a of electrode layer 120
OK.The conductive clamp 119b on the extension 120d being installed to part 120b can be utilized to complete the electricity on Part II 120b
Connecting, wherein, extension 120d extends on the outer peripheral edge of element 114.The advantage of this structure is, it allows almost certainly
Begin to being connected on transparent conductive material 128 round periphery eventually, thus, improve electrochromic media 126 dimmed speed and
Clarifying speed.As will be detailed below further describing for other embodiments, conductive clamp 119a and 119b can use other form
Electric connector replace.
Fig. 3 A represents two kinds for the electric conductor being attached in the part of 128 by the Part I 120a of electrode 120
Multi-form.As represented by the left side of device, can made by the part dispensing of conductive particle 116b of encapsulant 116
The part obtaining sealing member 116 is conduction.Preferably, sealing member 116 is not across its whole width conduction, but by close
The current-carrying part of sealing and electrochromic media 126 electric insulation, and not at electrode 128 and the Part II of electrode 120
Short circuit is provided between 120b.So, the driving current potential of power supply was come from before arriving transparent conductive body 128, through electrode 120
Part I 120a and sealing member 116 in conducting particles 116b.
In such an embodiment, sealing member 116 is made up of typical encapsulant, such as epoxy resin 116a, comprises in it
There is conducting particles 116b.Conducting particles can be the least, is e.g. arrived about 80 by the diameter that gold, silver, copper etc. are coating at about 5 microns micro-
Plastics in the range of meter, in such a case it is necessary to there is sufficient amount of particle, to guarantee the Part I at electrode 120
Enough electric conductivity between 120a and transparency electrode 128.Or, conducting particles can also arrive greatly the work enough playing distance piece
With, such as, the glass coating with gold, silver, copper etc. or plastic bead.Conducting particles and then can also be flake or other is suitable
Shape, or difform combination.
Various method can be used to guarantee do not have conducting particles to enter region 120b, such as, non electrically conductive material is configured
In the region 120c of electrode 120, this region is entirely without conductive material.A dual measurer can be used, will be with leading
The sealing member 116 of charged particle 116b deposits to, on the 120a of first area, meanwhile non-conducting material be deposited to electrode zone
In 120c.Guarantee that the general method not having conductive material to arrive electrode zone 120c is to ensure that sealing member 116 has appropriate
Flow behavior so that during assembling, when sealant is extruded out, current-carrying part 116b tends to stop and gets off, only
The non-conductive section having 116 is flowed into region 112b.Another method is to be spread between substrate by non-conducting material, will spread
The non-conducting material of cloth solidifies individually or partly solidifies, then the epoxy resin of conduction is injected into two substrates it
Between.
In another embodiment shown in the right side of the device of Fig. 3 A, it is provided that a big electric conductor 116b, it
Also distance piece is played a part.This big electric conductor can be solid conductor, braided wire, conductive strips or simple
Big particle or pearl, these particles or pearl itself are conductions or are coated to conductive material.
Sealing member 116 need not comprise conducting particles or other electric conductor 116b, but instead by conductive member or
Material 116c be placed on the outer rim of sealing member 116 or within, in order to by transparent conductive material 128 and the first of electrode 120
Part 120a is connected with each other.This conductive member 116c can and sealing member within or element 112 and 114 between conduction
Body is used in combination.
Turn now to Fig. 3 B, the figure shows the sectional view of electro-optic mirror element 111, including a light source 130, be arranged on circuit board
On 131, its configuration mode is so that the light launched by light source 130 travels to observer through element 111.At one preferably
In embodiment, mirror element 111 includes the first substrate 112 of the substantial transparent spaced apart with the second substrate 114, between them
With containment member 116.First substrate of substantial transparent has first surface 112a and second surface 112b.Preferably,
Two surfaces include the layer 128a of the substantial transparent of high conductivity, or layer 128a and 128b, have about 1 Ω/ thereon and arrive
The sheet resistance of about 10 Ω/, preferably between about 2 Ω/ to about 6 Ω/, more preferably be about 3 Ω/.Requiring
In fast dimmed speed and/or the embodiment of short contact, the conductive layer of the second surface substantial transparent of a high conductivity
It is highly desirable.At present, on the second surface of electro-optical glass, typically use sheet resistance 10 to 15 Ω/ 's1/2Wavelength ITO
Or the long SnO of all-wave (F).In order to increase the dimmed speed of device and/or provide uniform electric light to colour, and shorten to right simultaneously
The length of the electric contact on conductive layer answered, needs have relatively low sheet resistance.By provide such as ITO, stannum oxide,
The thicker layer of the traditional material of zinc oxide or combinations thereof, can reach this low sheet resistance.If coating
Optical thickness two wavelength or above if, strong in the color contributing to reducing the end reflections rate of relevant mirror element
Degree and color change aspect are useful, relatively thin when with the not thickest, about two wavelength or above color suppression layer
Coating when comparing, the advantage it providing the aspect relevant with manufacture deviation.By by leading with metal or alloy
The layer combination of metal oxide, can manufacture the electric conductor of the substantial transparent of suitable low sheet resistance.These laminations can
To be ITO/ silver/ITO, or ITO/ silver alloy/ITO, or can be the lamination as low E coating in IG industry, example
As, ZnO/Ag/Zno/Ag/ZnO.Different from the low E coating for window, in order to be useful in electrochromic device, lead
Electricity intermediate layer should be continuous print, and electric conductivity must reach surface.In order to improve the electric conductivity in intermediate layer, aluminum or gallium can be added
Deng adulterant.These adulterants improve the electric conductivity of ZnO layer.In order to prevent the oxidation of metal or alloy, can in deposition process
To apply the such as protection such as titanium or zinc metal.Element shown in Fig. 3 B includes the 3rd surface being coated to the second substrate 114
Four layer laminate coating 120b, 120c, 120d, 120e on 114a.4th surface 114b applies opaque material 115,
It, with a breach, projects for light source 130.Here it is cited as United States Patent (USP) and the U.S. Patent application of list of references
In, disclose coating and the layer of reflection, Transflective and substantial transparent of a lot of modification.Should be appreciated that near relevant
Electric contact or the region around periphery can arrange the coating of relatively low sheet resistance, along with the increase of the distance leaving electric contact,
Permission sheet resistance increases；Especially when using point cantact, this is the most applicable.
Turn now to Fig. 3 C, the figure shows the sectional view of mirror element, including spaced substantially with the second substrate 114
Upper the first transparent substrate 112, has containment member 116 between which.Second surface 112b is coated with the most saturating
Bright conductive layer, is coated with reflection electrode layer on the 3rd surface 114a.Preferably, first surface 112a applies substantially
Opaque material 176, to prevent light to be irradiated on containment member 116.Contact 179,181 is set, in order to be electrically connected respectively
Receive the 3rd and second surface conductive layer on.In a preferred embodiment, it is substantially non-transparent material and there is one substantially
The upper reflectance being equal to the reflectance of the 3rd surface reflection electrode layer.In another embodiment, it is substantially non-transparent
Material in addition to the light of the wavelength in ultraviolet and/or infrared spectrum, the light of transmission all wavelengths, and encapsulant is substantially
It is transparent.First surface 112a can also be replaced will to be substantially non-transparent material be arranged on second surface 112b, or
It can also be implemented on the first substrate.It is coated to fit by reflective material such as such as chromium, molybdenum, rustless steel, nickel or titaniums
When edge treated anterior substrate first or second surface on mirror periphery on, can manufacture need not frame or
The EC mirror molectron of minimal edge antelabium and/or frame.Reflective material needs to show glass or glass
The good cohesiveness of coating, if used on surface, then need good abrasion resistance and good environmental stability (water,
Salt etc.).Be also required to make simultaneously this ring closely with color and the reflectance match of EC endoscope system.If EC mirror is inherently associated with
Reflectance between substantially 50% to 70%, front surface chromium periphery coating can be well matched with.If EC mirror system has
Reflectance more than 70%, then need to increase the reflection of peripheral ring.By utilize highly reflective hard metal (hardness 5mhos or
Above), such as, come from the metal of the platinum group including rhodium, platinum and ruthenium, manufacture this ring, can not jeopardize mar proof and
This point is reached in the case of chemical durability.Owing to these metals can not be adhered to glass or the glazed gold of class well
Belong on oxide, preferably, therefore, the metal of these highly reflectives is attached to such as chromium etc. and with glass, there is good adhesion
Property layer on.Thus, with the material of the such as high reflectance such as rhodium, ruthenium or platinum on the basal layer of such as chromium, molybdenum or nickel
The combination of coating, it will adhere well on the material of category of glass, there is good abrasion resistance and good environment is durable
Property.If needing to have low reflexive dark or black ring, can use such as " black chromium " or Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo and
The coating of the materials such as the oxide of Fe or combinations thereof.The ring of special color can be made by similar mode.
Fig. 4 B and 4C represents the plane graph of mirror element, described mirror element except little protuberance/grooved area 134,
Outside 135, substantially zero position skew between anterior substrate 112 and rear portion substrate 114, wherein, at described protuberance/recessed
At groove region 134,135, make corresponding second and the contact of the 3rd surface conductive layer (not shown).First and second substrate warps
Interfixed with the relation being spaced apart from each other by containment member 116.As schemed with reference to described by Fig. 3 C, arrange substantially opaque
Material 176.In a preferred embodiment, as described herein, second and the 3rd, low sheet resistance is set on surface
Lamination so that relatively short electric contact is sufficient to.In at least a preferred embodiment, second and the 3rd table it is attached to
The length of the contact on face is less than nearly the 50% of the length of associated mirror element, and preferably less than nearly 25%.At least one
In the embodiment of individual modification, a point type contact is arranged on second surface conductive layer, or is arranged on the 3rd surface conductive layer
On, or it is arranged on second and the 3rd on surface conductive layer.In at least one embodiment, the contact to the second conductive layer
Close to two contact junction total length altogether 60% to 75%.In at least one embodiment, these " short electricity touch
Point " any one of system, can combine with relative to the bracket with overall frame described in Figure 52 and 53.Optionally,
As described herein, the containment member of substantial transparent can be set and/or be substantially non-transparent material, touching with short electricity
Point combines.Here entire contents is cited as the United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,923,457 disclosure of list of references
Alternative structure for mirror element according to various embodiments of the present invention.
As here for described by Fig. 3 B, 3C, 4B, 4C and other embodiments, if enclosed on first or second surface
Around the periphery of mirror coating coating and/or reflecting material to shelter sealing member and/or contact region, this ring and the edge of ring
Aesthetic problem become extremely important.If there is fragmentation at the edge of mirror, particularly when this fragmentation extends to the first table
On the periphery of face or second surface and the reflective metallic material of similar chromium is coated on periphery and/or edge and protective layer
If on, then fragmentation can become highly significant, and highlights, and just as a beacon, reflects light to all directions.Similar
Ground, if the fragmentation after coating chromium coating of periphery and/or edge, the space dark as is highlighted at smooth light by crackle
Surface on.Therefore, in order to produce high-quality mirror, manufacture one the firmest uniformly and also the most pleasant
Edge be very important.The fragmentation relevant to flaw is for having narrow frame or not having the embodiment of frame
It is the most debatable.This durable edge can be formed after utilizing reflecting material coating, but preferably by mirror base
Formed immediately after sheet cutting forming.Can utilize grinding-material that edge is carried out edging, grinding or sandblasting, shape on glass
Become durable edge.Usually, utilize if the stone polishing particles such as aluminium oxide, carborundum or diamond are by glass edge
Shape or form oblique angle.The roughness of the glass edge that the size impact of the particle used processes.Polishing particles is the biggest, shape
The surface become is the most coarse.Usually, the polishing particles of 80 to 120 mesh forms the most coarse surface, the particle of 300 to 500 mesh
Form smooth surface, 600 mesh and above particle and form the surface being bordering on polishing.If using a mirror back bracket,
By extending over if a fraction of tiny frame of mirror edge end face catches mirror around mirror edge from behind,
Only the anterior angle of substrate is removed 0.005 " slight edge treated, the whole things have to done the most exactly.If, with
One mirror back bracket with antelabium, this antelabium encases the edge of mirror edge, but does not encase minute surface, it may be necessary to one more significant
The process of leading edge, remove front substrate turning 0.010 " to 0.075 ".Appointing of mirror face or edge is not covered if used
The mirror back bracket of what one, it may be necessary to locate whole edge and first surface periphery/edge.In at least one embodiment,
One and/or second the edge of substrate be provided with opaque material, or the material that refractive index is mated with substrate, thus obtain from
The attracting periphery of aesthetic view point.
Turn now to Fig. 4 D, represent a mirror element, including an anterior substrate 112 more than rear portion substrate 114 so that
With second and the 3rd within the contact (the most not shown) that contacts of surface conductive layer is formed at the periphery of anterior substrate, thus
When from anterior substrate posteriorly substrate viewing, not can be appreciated that contact.As for described by other embodiments, arrange one close
Envelope component 116, and alternatively arrange one and be substantially non-transparent material 176.Should be appreciated that the embodiment of modification is permissible
Be provided with one by by being all placed on an edge, the anterior substrate of its position and rear portion substrate alignment, and with second and
The contact of the 3rd surface conductive layer contact is formed on the edge of the anterior substrate with extension.Except described herein and expression
Outside " J " and " C " type electrical contact folder, it will be appreciated that especially for having the element of big front panel, " Z " type can be set
Electrical contact folder.Z-type electrical contact fixture has the part that an one end is fixed on the second surface of anterior substrate, in this place anterior base
Sheet extends beyond rear portion substrate, and then Z-type electrical contact folder rises on the edge of rear portion substrate, the opposite end of Z-type electrical contact folder
Extend then along the 4th surface.In at least one embodiment, a Z-type electrical contact folder is set, in order to connect with second surface
Touch, and utilize J or c-type electrical contact folder to contact with the 3rd surface.For with the bigger wide electrical contact being attached on substrate
The embodiment of folder, the thermal coefficient of expansion of conductive clamp and the thermal coefficient of expansion of substrate substantially mate, such as, if substrate is glass
Glass, it is possible to use the electrical contact folder of Kovar (can cut down, iron-nickel alloy), rustless steel or Mo/Cu/Mo laminated plate.
The embodiment of another technology being electrically connected to each other improved, is shown in Fig. 5, wherein, and the first of containment member 116
It is coated directly onto on the 3rd surface 114a, and solidified before coated electrode 120.The 3rd surface 114a is deposited at electrode 120
After the Part I of upper covering containment member 116, a part for the containment member 116 of solidification is machined away, with predetermined thickness
Degree (depend on the interval of the cell between required second surface 112b and the 3rd surface 114a and become) stays as depicted
116i.The scope of little interventricular septum is from about 20 microns to 1500 microns, it is preferable that its scope is from 90 microns to 750 microns.By solid
Change the Part I of containment member and be worked into predetermined thickness (116i), it is not necessary to bead guarantees between constant cell
Every.Bead is useful for providing little interventricular septum, but, at them contact electrode 120 and the position of transparent conductive body 128
Provide pressure spot.By removing bead, these pressure spots can be removed.In the course of processing, it is coated in containment member 116
Electrode 120 on Part I is removed, and stays the next one not have the region of electrode 120.Then by the second of containment member 116ii
On the processed region of the Part I that part deposits to containment member 116i, or deposit to the second table corresponding to 116i
On coating on the 112b of face, after assembling in a conventional manner, containment member 116ii is solidified.Finally, alternatively will
One external conductive containment member 117 deposits on the outer peripheral portion of containment member 116, forms the outer peripheral edge of electrode 120 with saturating
Electric contact between the outer peripheral edge of the layer of bright conductive material 128.The advantage of this structure is, it allows close to from start to finish
Around circumference connection on transparent conductive material 128, thus improve speed dimmed for electrochromic media 126.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 6.This embodiment is in place of being different from the first two embodiment, by electrode
The electric conductor that the Part I 120a of 120 is connected in the part of transparency electrode is wire 150 or band, and they can be by conduction
Material 152 is coated with and is coated with the contact improved electrode layer, and so that it is guaranteed that the stability of contact.Conductive material 152 can be to lead
The pressure-sensitive binding agent (PSA) of electricity, electrically conductive ink or be filled with the epoxy resin of conducting particles, with silver, gold, copper, nickel
Or the thin slice of the material manufactures such as carbon or fiber.If conductive material 152 has enough electric conductivity, will need not lead
Line 150.For the uniformity coloured, it is desirable to remain along the resistance of edge metering of the length of mirror element below 5 ohm, more
Preferably below 1 ohm, most preferably below 0.5 ohm.A lot of electrically conductive inks for electronics industry preparation or bonding
Agent is suitable for this application.Ink or binding agent are preferably with thin slice, fiber or particle or thin slice, fiber or the grain of conduction
The combination of son is filled with, and, it has enough loadings, and is configured to enough width and thickness, to reach required
Level of conductivity.A kind of epoxy adhesive formula with suitable electrical conductivity is: (by weight) epoxy resin
D.E.R.354 or 354LV (Dow Chemical Company) is between about 10% and about 20%, most preferably, close to
13.5%, Ancamine2094 (Air Products and Chemical Inc.) are about between 3% and 7%, most preferably
Being about 4.5%, silver thin slice LCP 1-19 (Ames-Glod smith) is between about 70% and about 85%, most preferably about
82%.Preferably, the body resistivity of packing material is kept to be below about 20 micro-ohm-cm, more preferably below about 10 micro-ohm-cm,
It is more preferably below micro-5 Europe-cm.It is similar to two embodiments, with region 120c, electrode 120 is divided into Part I 120a
Conductive material is not had with Part II 120b, described region 120c.Fig. 7 A represents the rear portion unit being configured with electrode coating 120 on it
The top plan view of part 114.In order to set up the first and second parts, it is possible to use laser ablation, chemical attack, by striking off,
Or similar method carries out physical removal, in order to remove a part for electrode material, limit the thin of region 120c to be formed
Line.As shown in Figure 7 A, the side along element 114 is limited Part I 120a by this.As shown in Figure 7 B, around whole periphery
Form nonconducting sealing member 116, to limit the external boundary of chamber 125, electrochromic media 126 is set in this chamber.
Then, the conductive material 152 that can also play sealing member effect is set along neighboring, described neighboring limits
The Part I 120a of electrode 120, wherein, described conductive material 152 can be with wire 150, without there being wire 150.Can
To arrange conductive material 152 before or after being assembled together at substrate 112 and 114.
Another structure is shown in Fig. 8 A and 8B, and the oncoming lane at element 114 limits two Part I in the drawings
120a, and isolated by corresponding nonconducting line 120c.This configuration will allow two oncoming lanes at element 114 to carry out electricity
Connect.Sealing member 116 and 152 will configure in a similar fashion, but conductive seal 152 is arranged in the complete of two parts 120a
In portion or part.Wire can extension from conductive seal 152, and be soldered on conductive clamp or be welded direct to circuit
On plate, by it, power supply is supplied to EC mirror.In order to apply wire and be disposed between substrate 112 and 114, can
To be fed by the centre of distributing nozzle by wire 150, described distributing nozzle is for being assigned directly to encapsulant 152
In the required part of the element 114 of coating.
Fig. 8 C and 8D represents another form of implementation of first embodiment of the present invention.Specifically, Fig. 8 C represents
The etching electrode of two electrodes 120 and 128, and Fig. 8 D represents the preparation of sealing member 116, wherein, the exterior section of its width is
Conduction, and interior section is nonconducting, is similar to the sealing member shown in Fig. 3 A.Whole sealing member 116 can be conduction,
And electrochromic device will action, but, this structure is not preferred for solution phase device because when conduction close
When on the inward flange of sealing and there is the coloring of electrochromic media on the expose portion of electrode 128a and 120a, electrochromism kind
The separation of class can be enhanced.As in fig. 8d, two charging ports 195,196 are set in the opposite end portion of electrochromic device, it
For sealing member 116 current-carrying part 116b provide electric insulation.For blocking the plug material 197 of charging port 195 and 196, will
Manufacture with non electrically conductive material, in order to necessary electric insulation is provided.Charging port is blocked up typically with the binding agent of ultraviolet curing
Plug.This binding agent is preferably the binding agent of a kind of available ultraviolet curing, but can also be heat fusing or heat cure
, or ultraviolet and the combination of hot setting adhesive.The binding agent of ultraviolet curing is usually acrylic acid aliphatic radical, epoxy
Base or vinyl ether, or combinations thereof, typically solidified by free radical or cationic polymerization.
Fig. 9 represents two modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6.Left side with reference to the device shown in Fig. 9, it can be seen that
Can make the front surface 114a of element 114 neighboring form inclined-plane at least partially, in order to element 112 and 114 it
Between provide a big seam 154.By arranging this bigger seam 154, a larger-diameter wire 150 can be inserted
Enter between element 112 and 114, it is not necessary to increase the interval between element 112 and 114 the most again, particularly in chamber 125.
This seam 154 can be by providing the front surface 114a of element 114 formation inclined-plane, it is also possible to by making front elements
The rear surface 112b of 112 forms inclined-plane and provides.As a kind of alternative plan, electrode 120 and 128 part it
Between, as electric conductor, it is not to provide the wire 150 of a single major diameter, and is to provide multiple wire 150, or braiding
The wire rope of wire.The wire being twisted together by offer, can be easier to use binding agent 152, and wire is without with same
Plant material manufacture.For example, it is possible to copper conductor and rustless steel, nylon, KEVLAR or carbon fiber or line are threaded together, in order to
Give intensity or other required character.Seam 154 can extend internally such as 0.02 English from the lateral edges of element 112 and 114
Very little.Although seam can extend far enough in device so that nonconducting sealing member 116 will cover the one-tenth of electrode 120b
The part on inclined-plane, but, laser-induced thermal etching region 120c will be remained favourable, in order to guarantee there is no electrical short.Should refer to
Going out, if electroconductive binder 152 has enough electric conductivity, wire 150 will not necessarily.In this case, seam or
Frame 154 can make it possible for the more preferable material of electric conductivity 152, and this will improve the total conductivity of contact area.
Figure 10 represents an alternative embodiment of the invention.This embodiment is also similar with the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, difference
Being, not being a part for etched electrodes 120 to provide area of isolation, but between the wire 150 of electrode 120 and coating
Nonconducting coating or material 156 are provided.Coating or material 156 can use such as epoxy resin, polyester, polyamide or third
The thin layer of the organic resins such as olefin(e) acid resin is formed, or can also use such as SiO2、Ta2O5Formed etc. inorganic material.This do not lead
Electric material, also can help to be held in place wire.
Figure 11 represents an alternative embodiment of the invention.As it can be seen, be not only along the periphery on the 3rd surface
Divide in a region, etch rear electrode 120, and etch transparent front electrode 128, in order to formed and be there is no conductive material
Region 128c isolation Part I 128a and Part II 128b (such as, seeing Fig. 8 C).Can appointing along second surface
Transparency electrode 128 before meaning peripheral part etching, it is not the most consistent with electrode 120.Front transparency electrode 128 can
With the side etching different along any one side etched from electrode 120.Thus around periphery and at two electrodes
The top of etched part 128c and 120c forms nonconducting sealing member 120.The edge of element 112 and 114 will be mutual
Equilibrium.Preferably from the edge of element 112 and 114, epoxy sealing part 116 is inwardly configured at top and bottom about 0.010 to
0.015 inch, even make glass edge on the side.Then conductive material 152 is formulated into this at the top of device and bottom
In the passage of 0.010-0.015 inch.Then, for each top and bottom section, can be by metal forming, the banding of copper
Fabric, or other high conductivity material 160 be bonded to conduction epoxy resin/binding agent on, in order to provide to electrode 120 He
The electrical contact of 128.Have the webbing of big surface area or internal band is porose or outer surface is roughened metal forming or
The conductive material that person is thin, improves this material adhesion strength on the edge of conductive material 152 and device.
Figure 12 represents an alternative embodiment of the invention.The present embodiment will be used for EC mirror and window purposes, its bag
Include deposition and be cured to the conductive sealing material 152 in each of electrode 120 and 128.Then by nonconducting sealing member 116
It is formulated between conductive seal 152, and prepares forward, in order to if necessary, it is provided that be exhausted with the electricity of electrochromic media
Edge.Or a double dispenser can be used, prepare conductive and nonconductive encapsulant for simultaneously.Thus, seal height
A part be not only used as sealing member but also be used as conductive bus.One advantage of this structure is, for two electrode 120 Hes
Each of 128, sealing member/conductive bus 152 can extend around the whole periphery of electrochromic device.Preferably, seal
Material 152 utilizes the epoxy resin filled by silver to be formed.
Figure 13 is the modification changed the embodiment shown in Figure 12 slightly.Specifically, if added to epoxy sealing part
The conductive material of part 154 compared with silver and surrounding be not the most harmonious if, it should in two stages or utilize two kinds
Independent non-conducting material forms nonconducting sealing member.For example, it is possible to traditional mode electrochromic media 126 with lead
Between electricity sealing member 152, nonconducting epoxy sealing part 116 is set.Then, the close of conduction can be filled with non-conducting material 162
Gap between seal portion 152, and can extend along the edge of glass elements 112 and 114.Profit in this way excellent
Point is, can from being not susceptible to the material of the degradation effects that electrochromic media causes most select encapsulant 116, and with
Time can select encapsulant 162 from the material of the most more difficult infiltration of moisture and oxygen.
Figure 14 represents another embodiment of the presently claimed invention.This embodiment is equally applicable to mirror and window, and it is at electrode
Between 128 and 120 provide a nonconducting sealing member 116, simultaneously defined go out chamber 125 external boundary, set in the chamber
Put electrochromic media 126.One is arranged by ethylene propylene diene rubber between sealing member 116 and element 112 and the edge of 114
(EPDM), the electrically insulating material 164 that constitutes of polyester, polyamide or other insulant, and have and be attached to its oncoming lane
Such as metal forming or copper mesh or the material of other high conductivity.Can utilize PSA that electric conductor 166 is fixed to insulator 164
Oncoming lane on.Electrically conductive ink or epoxy resin 152 can be utilized to increase the contact between electric conductor 166 and electrode 128 and 120
Stability.If material 152,166,164 provides the protection in terms of enough environment and will not be mutual with electrochromic media
If interference, sealing member 116 is not necessarily.
Figure 15 represents above relative to the enhancing of the embodiment described by Figure 11.It will be appreciated, however, that this enhancing is permissible
For any one of other embodiments described above or below.Specifically, its structure is retrofited so that anterior
The front surface 112a of element 112 tilts around its outer surface, in order to provide the outer peripheral surface 170 of inclination, outside this inclination
Periphery has enough width, in order to cover the sight line of sealing member 116/152.By this design, frame can be fully phased out.
As skilled in the art will appreciate, conductive foil or net can extend back winding, are used for being connected to printed circuit board (PCB)
With the electric contact on heater circuit, power supply can be provided by described circuit, in order to selectively change the reflection of mirror element
Rate.In order to shelter the sight line of sealing member further, coating 172 can be coated with on the surface 170 tilted.
Figure 16 represents the most different method of the sight line for hidden sealing member 116.Specifically, front elements 112
The peripheral part 175 of front surface 112a is through sandblasting, roughening or modification, in order to cover the device portions being not so seen
Sight line.Another method is shown in Figure 17 A, wherein, sets on the outer peripheral portion 175 of the front surface 112a of front elements 112
Put reflexive or opaque coating/coating 176.As seen in this fig. 17b, this reflexive or opaque coating, coating
Or thin film, can be arranged on the rear surface 112b of front elements 112.
The another way hiding sealing member is to utilize a kind of known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,790,298
Disclosed in transparent encapsulant, the full content of this patent is here cited as list of references.
In conjunction with the different method of the sight line covering sealing member that Figure 15-17B describes, can combine or individually make
With, and may be used for any one embodiment described herein.For example, it is possible to the surface 170 of the inclination shown in Figure 15 is sprayed
Sand.Similarly, the part 175 of the sandblasting of surface 112a can also be with reflexive or the material spraying of high index of refraction and coating.
Silk screen printing or other suitable method coating coating or other material can be utilized.The surface of reflective material and roughening is tied mutually
Close and a kind of diffuse reflector is provided.
As set forth above, it is possible to utilize style and the outward appearance of other technological improvement frame.Such as, Figure 18 represents frame 144
Using, this frame at least has the surface that useful metal manufactures, such as chromium, chrome-plated plastic or other material.Thus, at least frame
A part for the front surface of 144 does not have black color, but reflexive, is similar to the outward appearance of mirror itself, thus be difficult to
The remainder of mirror part distinguishes.Frame 144 can be combined with a support plate 145 by any traditional mode.
It is the heat in order to adapt to manufacture the material used by frame that frame is typically made to comparatively wide Another reason
The coefficient of expansion and the difference between the thermal coefficient of expansion of the material forming electric driven color-changing part.Traditional frame is with firm
Relatively rigid engineering plastics are made, and such as polypropylene, ABS/PC, ASA etc., and have the thermal expansion system more much bigger than glass mirror
Number.The difference of this thermal coefficient of expansion, along with the frame of rigidity strong when low temperature is around the contraction of mirror, can produce huge ring
To stress.As a result of which it is, traditional frame has rib or limits space, for the thermal expansion between adaptive element and frame
The difference of coefficient.Settling mode about this problem is shown in Figure 19, wherein, utilizes elastomeric material to form frame 144a, along with
Expansion/the contraction of electric driven color-changing part, this material elongation and shortening.
Elastomeric material can directly about mirror element injection or resin transfer moulding, such as, utilize injection PVC or
Person's polyurethane reaction injection molding (RIM).Elastic peripheral frame can be with the bullet of normally referred to as thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)
Property material injection mo(u)lding individually, such as thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), TPO (TPO, TPV), benzene second
Alkenes thermoplastic elastomer (TPS), Polyester thermoplastic elastomer (TPC), nylon or polyamide thermoplastic elastomer (TPA), or sulfur
Change or the rubber of polymerization, polyurethane, organosilicon or fluoroelastomer, then the frame so formed is used for mirror
Element.A kind of method is " C " or " U " type that elastomeric trim is molded into the shape and size with mirror, or preferably,
Its shape and size are slightly smaller than the shape and size of mirror, are then elongated and " are snapped into " on mirror by frame.With this shape
The frame of formula manufacture is coupled on mirror snugly, it is possible to the most resistance to heat-shock and thermal cycle." C " or the frame of " u "-shaped
An advantage be that they are from above to be followed by manufacturing symmetrically, and this frame is the manufacture of the driver side for vehicle
, if rotation turnback, the passenger side of vehicle the most also will be suitable for, because two mirror mirror images the most each other.By
It is soft in frame, so, another advantage is, the frame manufactured for flat mirror, is also suitable for convex mirror or aspheric
Face mirror.Only one of which frame needs flat, convex surface and the aspherical mirror using tools to be coupled to left side and right side, causes
The saving of main cost, time and stock.Utilize adhesion or mechanical system that frame is fixed or is fastened to the back of the body of mirror and mirror
Portion is highly desirable, to avoid frame when with ice scraper scraping mirror to remove from mirror.Binding agent can be one-component
The organosilicon of system, such as moisture solidification, or urethanes, can round edge coating to glass on or coating
On " C " or " u "-shaped frame, or it is coated on glass and frame.It is then possible to use frame, binding agent can be along with
Time and solidify.Two kinds of components or the binding agent based on solvent can also be used in this way.Hot melt can also be glued
Mixture is applied to the periphery of mirror or " C " of frame or the inner side of " u "-shaped.Then frame can be applied on mirror, with
This simultaneously, binding agent remains heat, or can be reheated by frame/combinations of mirrors part, is melted by hot-melt adhesive
And frame is attached on mirror.Machinery can also be used by elastic peripheral frame's capture or to combine in place.Can be at frame
The back side or formation hole, side or groove, in order to be combined with a more rigid back member.Elastic peripheral frame can also with have more just
Property material combine injection, in order to the periphery around mirror forms elastic part, and the back side around mirror forms more rigidity
Part, in order to elastic part is held in place by.Rigid element will cover the major part at the back side of mirror, and with power supply group
Or adjustable mirror supporting member combines, and mirror is maintained on the suitable position of mirror frame shell by this supporting member.Can
To utilize binding agent or two-sided tape to be installed on the back portion of rigidity by the mirror being in this configuration.Rigid element is also
Can only cover the periphery at the mirror back side, and be installed on bracket, this bracket and power supply group or the supporting member of adjustable mirror
In conjunction with.In a word, the back side and the frame of mirror will mechanically be kept being in the proper place by the rigid element at the mirror back side.Also may be used
With utilize binding agent by frame or the mirror back side elastic part be attached in the part of more rigidity at the mirror back side, with
Just hold it on suitable position.
Power shown in Figure 20 is on the typical frame manufactured with different materials from the relation curve of displacement
The short fragment cut down.The fragment that these are short is fixed on Chattilon (Greensboro, NC) device and by it
Stretching.Power shows with the relation curve of displacement, with the frame phase utilizing elastomer or rubber (950U, DP7 1050, RPT) to manufacture
Ratio, is typically used for manufacturing the rigid material (Geloy, ASA/PC) of the frame of prior art, along with the little change of displacement, power
Quickly increase.Thus, utilize the frame in room temperature Yu glass mirror snug fit that these elastomeric materials manufacture, when frame is at low temperature
Under around also retract time, the highest circumference stress will not be produced.On the contrary, with the rigid material such as ASA/PC, in room temperature
The frame of snug fit, along with frame at low temperature around the contraction of glass, will produce the highest circumference stress.Elastic peripheral frame is preferred
Ground configures along the periphery of at least front elements 112.Due to its elastic property, outside elastic peripheral frame has than at least front elements
The periphery that week is little so that next to the skin the coordinating around mirror element of elastic peripheral frame.
Some physical propertys of rigidity and elastic peripheral frame's material are shown in table 1 below.The rigidity plastics of some prior art
The stretch modulus of material, its scope from low 72,000psi to high slightly exceeding 350,000psi.On the contrary, preferably bullet
Property frame material has the stretch modulus from 100psi to 3,000psi.Thus, creative elastic peripheral frame's material, have and be less than
The stretch modulus of 72,000psi, it is possible to have below about 3, the stretch modulus of 000psi.The stretch modulus of frame material is more
Low, by plastic frame around glass mirror the unmatched system of hot coefficient in circumference stress value the least.
Figure 21 A represents a kind of technology being electrically coupled provided on the electrochromic device of such as first embodiment.
As it can be seen, the first conductive clamp 180 clips on element 114, thus make electrical contact with the Part II 120b of electrode 120.Arrange
Two conductive clamps 182, this conductive clamp around the clamping of whole device thus with the front surface 112a of front elements 112 and posterior elements
The rear surface 114b contact of 114.Via the Part I 120a of electrode 120 and formed with electrode 128 via conductive material 152
Electrical contact.A kind of modification of this structure is shown in Figure 21 B, wherein, makes the structure identical with clip 180 by 182, thus only presss from both sides
Live posterior elements 114.Being electrically coupled between conductive clamp 182 and electrode 128 is formed again by conductive seal 152, Ke Yi
Any wire 150 is set inside conductive seal.As shown in fig. 21 c, in order to be electrically connected on each electrode 120 or 128
Connect, one or more this conductive clamp can be set.Conductive clamp 180 and 182 can directly be welded or attached on circuit board,
Or the wire extended in-between can be welded on conductive clamp 180 and 182.Figure 21 D and 21E represents discussed above to be led
The other modification of electricity folder.In Figure 21 D, conductive clamp 180a and 182a is retrofited so that they are not about posterior elements 114
Rear surface 114b extends.In Figure 21 E, conductive clamp 180b and 182b is retrofited so that at the front surface 112a of front elements 112
Top and around this front surface 112a extend, be also about simultaneously posterior elements 114 rear surface 114b extend.As for being familiar with
Those skilled in the art will be apparent that, the design of disclosed conductive clamp can be carried out various remodeling, without beyond this
The scope of invention.
Figure 22 represents shown in Figure 14 and a kind of modification of embodiment described above.The difference of the structure shown in Figure 22
Part is, after in the layer of conductive foil or net 166 extends outwardly into the edge of element 112 and 114, around element
114 windings, for connecting on printed circuit board (PCB) or heater circuit.It addition, the rear surface 114b of posterior elements 114 is permissible
Form conductive electrode patterns, in order in metal forming 166, provide power supply.Metal forming 166 in the oncoming lane of insulator 164 is similar to
Ground can stretch out, the connection in the another one in electrode 128 and 120.Metal can be cut with pinking shears
Paper tinsel 166, and effectively bent to form one or more adapter and pressing from both sides.Metal forming 166 can be shaped as one with
Extend to the electric bus of little protuberance in sealing member.
Figure 23 represents another embodiment, wherein, deposits conductive coating 190 on the periphery of posterior elements 114.This
Coating can be made with metal and be coated with solder.Or, this material can be rolled on the edge of element 114.This structure
Allow only to touch on the edge of element 114, it is provided that in electrode 120 and 128 or being electrically coupled on both.
Another embodiment is shown in Figure 24.In this embodiment, the major part of containment member is from front and rear unit
Move between part 112 and 114 on the edge of front and rear element.Thus, sealing member is mainly disposed to front and rear unit
On the neighboring of part.As shown in figure 24, sealing member 200 on the periphery and rear surface of front elements with front elements
112 contacts.Similarly, sealing member 200 contacts with posterior elements 114 on front surface at the periphery of posterior elements.Close
Sealing 200 contacts the first contact area of the periphery of front elements 112, contacts the rear table of front elements 112 more than sealing member 200
Second contact area in face.Similarly, sealing member 200 contacts the 3rd contact area of the periphery of posterior elements 114, more than sealing
Part 200 contacts the 4th region of the front surface of rear portion and ÷ element 114.As its result, sealing member 200 and front elements 112
Interface definition go out an Oxygen permeation path, oxygen will move into chamber 126 by this path, wherein, along front
The part of the path that the periphery of portion's element 112 extends, the path extended than the rear surface along front elements 112 is more
Long.Similarly, limiting another one Oxygen permeation path between sealing member 200 and posterior elements 114, oxygen will be by it
Moving into chamber 126, wherein, this path is along the part of the periphery extension of posterior elements 114, and ratio is along posterior elements
The path part that the front surface of 114 extends is longer.By forming the sealing member 200 of the thin component 202 of the first material, and
And, and/or increase Oxygen permeation path compared with other electrochromism box, Oxygen permeation can be reduced significantly to chamber 126
Interior amount, wherein, described first material has less than 2.0cm3·mm/m2The oxygen permeability of day atm.Typical existing skill
The sealing member of art, makes with epoxy resin, and it has 2.0-3.9cm3·mm/m2The oxygen permeability of day atm, 0.7-
0.94gm·mm/m2The water permeability of day, and be mainly disposed between front and rear element, thus, there is one relatively
Short Oxygen permeation path.
The first material forming thin component 202 can select with from the group that following material is constituted: metal, metal close
Gold, plastics, glass and combinations thereof.The first material 2002 utilizes the second material 204 to be bonded to front and rear element
Periphery on.The second material can have higher oxygen permeability than the first material described, and can be the viscous of conduction
Mixture or the epoxy resin of conduction, at least make electrical contact with one of first and second conductive layers 120 and 128.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, containment member 200 includes the thin component 202 with low gas permeability,
This thin component is glued on the edge of front and rear element.Can be by such as epobond epoxyn, PSA or hot melt
Binding agent is applied to such as metal foil or plastic sheeting etc. in the form of a film and has the thin component 202 of low gas permeability
On.The example of the material that can serve as thin component 202 includes: Merlon (oxygen permeability 90.6-124mm3·mm/m2·
Day atm, water permeability 3.82-4.33gm mm/m2Day), Vingon (oxygen permeability 0.0152-
0.2533mm3·mm/m2Day atm, water permeability 0.01-0.08gm mm/m2And plastics and/or metal day),
Plural layers.This thin film can include such as SiO2、Al2O3、Ta2O5, Al, inorganic layer or the coating such as chromium, this thin film profit
It is attached on the edge of front and rear glass elements with binding agent or glass dust.Suitably the example of plural layers is that trade mark is
The PE/PVC-PVDC thin film of SARANEX, it has 0.2-0.79mm3·mm/m2The oxygen permeability of day atm and 0.06-
0.16gm·mm/m2The water permeability of day.
Then by metal forming and thin film 202 around front and rear web substrate around, wherein before substrate and meron with between appropriate
It is kept every the relation being spaced apart.Metal forming or thin film 202 are mainly attached on substrate edge by binding agent 204, in order to enclose
Periphery around electrochromic device forms gas and liquid seal.Can be by staying in metal forming or film side sealing component
Next gap, or add a charging port 206 (Figure 25) by its punching.If metal forming is used for edge seal member
If, this filling hole can be soldered closedown.Or, it is possible to use ultraviolet or the binding agent of visible-light curing, or hot melt
Property binding agent or the additional thin containment member of such as metal forming or thin film etc. be adhered to fill on hole, hole plug will be filled.As
Fruit utilizes light transmission film, it is possible to use ultraviolet or visible curable adhesive adhesive film.If, with high-opacity foils,
The binding agent of hot-melt adhesive, PSA or other self-curing can be used.As such, it is possible to eliminate, one is predominantly located at
The region required for sealing member between substrate, and the frame being designed for covering this region in the past can be made to more
Narrow, or can be cancelled.
If component low for gas permeability is bonded to the substrate side with the region of electric conductivity, this component can also be used
Make the bus of electricity, form contacting of the conductive electrode with electrochromic device.By in the electric continuity of edge seal member
Generate a gap, can be with the electric insulation of holding electrode.Such as, if, with metal forming, can generate little in metal forming
Slit or gap 206 (Figure 25), such as, one of them be used as fill hole, and fill hole to another one slit or
Gap is for by top and bottom electrode electric insulation.Electric continuity between electric conductivity edge seal member and electrode, Ke Yitong
Cross number of ways to set up.Conductive electrode coating 120 and/or 128 can be wound up on the side of substrate (Figure 26 and 27), or
Can be coated to be electrically connected in the region in required edge bus by electric conductivity coating or binding agent 208 (Figure 29 A-32).
Electric conductivity containment member 202 can have indenture or folding line 210 (Figure 26) or include the extension 214 (figure protruded inwardly from
28), in order to combine the contacts side surfaces with substrate by the binding agent of containment member, be brought into contact with electrode coating or edge coating
120, on 128.The conducting particles in binding agent or conductive adhesive 208 can be utilized, form electric conductivity edge seal structure
Electrical contact between part and electrode coating or edge coating.It is then possible to use wire (in Figure 27 212), metal clip (Figure 33
In 216) or other electric conductor, form the electric conductivity edge seal 202 drive electronics with electrochromic device
Contact.The electrochromic device manufactured by this way, it is desirable to the least or do not require to cover sealing member and contact area
Frame.Provide below the more detail discussion to Figure 29 A-33.
As shown in figs. 29 a and 29b, it is possible to use both conductive material 208 and electrically non-conductive material 204 are by thin sealing structure
Part 202 is fixed on the periphery of element 112 and 114.As shown in figure 29 a, conductive material 208 provides one from conductive layer 128
Electrical connection on the Part I 202a (see Figure 25) of containment member 202.As shown in fig. 29b, conductive material 208 provides one
Individual electrical connection from conductive layer 120 to the Part II 202b of containment member 202.As described above, it is possible to use thin sealing
Charging port, gap or slit in component and conductive material 208, by exhausted to part 202a and the 202b electricity of thin containment member 202
Edge.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 30, conductive layer 128 and 120 is constituted in the way of as shown in Figure 8 C and is orientated, thus,
Conductive material 208 provide one from conductive layer 128 to being electrically connected the Part I 202a (see Figure 25) of containment member 202
Connecing, conductive material 208 also provides for one from conductive layer 120 to the electrical connection the Part II 202b of containment member 202.As
Described above, filling hole, gap or slit in thin containment member and conductive material 208 can be used to containment member
Part 202a of 202,202b electric insulation.
Figure 31 represents in addition to region 128a and 120a of elimination conductive layer 120 and 128, is similar to the enforcement of Figure 30
Example.
Figure 32 represents an embodiment, wherein, the central part of the adhesive material being only arranged between layer 120 and 128
Dividing is electric conductivity, and utilizes non electrically conductive material to be bonded on the periphery of element 112 and 114 by containment member 202.This provides
One advantage, i.e. conductive material 208 is for thin component 202, it is not necessary to play a part binding agent.
Figure 33 represents an embodiment, wherein it is possible to utilize a conductive clamp 216 combined with thin containment member 202
(being similar to 182 in Figure 21 B and 21C), described thin containment member can be metal forming or the like.As it can be seen, can carry
For a solder protuberance 220, for thin metal foil 202 is welded to conductive clamp 216.
The electrode of electrochromic media is connected to the method on heater circuit or flexible PCB, is disclosed in known
The November 2 in 2003 of entitled " RERVIEW MIRROR ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION " that on March 25th, 2002 proposes
The United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.6 that day delivers, in 657,767, entire contents is here cited as list of references.Specifically
Ground is said, after the part of the flexible PCB which is provided with heater circuit extends to the edge of element 114, and scrolls up
Around, it is allowed to and the conductive material contacts on electrochromic device edge.
Another provide electrical contact alternative plan be, the inner surface of frame 144 is arranged conductive layer or
Other material, the pressure wherein applied by frame will the current-carrying part 152 of adapter and electrode layer itself or sealing member it
Between produce contact force.
As found out from previous embodiment, being partially fabricated of sealing member can be played a part electricity bus.Seal
Part can be across the part conduction of a part for its width, its height, or strides across the part conduction of its length
's.Sealing member can be formed with electrically conductive ink or epoxy resin, it is possible to utilizes foil, fiber, particle or as above
Other described conductive material is filled with.
It should be pointed out that, that, compared with the typical EC mirror that traditional band offsets, the major part with sealing member exists
Zero offset mirror between substrate or on the edge of substrate, presents the profile of unusual light, and can not need
Actual frame.Such as, utilize the black or sealing member of band color between substrate, only need to roll on the edge of mirror
Black or the coating of band color, it is possible to make the most pleasant mirror.Frame will only with a thin layer coating or
Other material overlay on the periphery of mirror is constituted, and it appears like a frame.It is likewise possible to be coated with this thin
Coating, in order to winding crosses edge part, by part or all covering in the region between substrate sealing member.This process is also
The mirror being applied on the edge being predominantly located in glass of sealing member.Can be by coating or the thin coating coating of other material
On the edge of mirror, in order to provide that one aesthetic pleasant and the edge of appearance uniform.And then, by providing one
Wider and sealing member evenly, it may not be necessary to cover this sealing member.
As become apparent from for those skilled in the art, each of above-described embodiment provides such
Advantage, i.e. the skew of the vertical position between front and rear element 112 and 114 is reduced or eliminates, thus, reduce limit
The corresponding part of the width of frame (if set).The other side of the present invention then may be used for covering the sight line of sealing member
Or unique frame is provided.It is understood, however, that unrelated with any one enforcement of other side, various aspects are permissible
Individually application, or various combination can be carried out used.
As noted above, Figure 34-42 is the sectional view of the part of 11 other mirror structure, each has
Cover the frame of the outer ledge of electrochromism mirror element from aesthetic standard, the frame of Figure 34-42 is incorporated into combinations of mirrors part
Bracket on, and the frame in Figure 37-42 (also dived by mechanical interlocked the edge mate with a bracket in Figure 37-42
Combine on ground).
In Figure 34-39, the parts that class Sihe is identical use identical label, but with additional word (such as " A ", " B "
Deng).This is done to reduce unnecessary discussion.
More specifically, in Figure 34-42, electrochromism mirror element 310 includes front and rear glass mirror element 312 He
314, it is defined as out a chamber 325 between which, in this chamber, is filled with electrochromic material 326.And include retouching above
Electrode that is that state and that be shown in Fig. 2-33, conductive clamp, sealing member, reflecting layer and other structure.Shown element 312 and 314 tool
Having preferably has the edge of " zero offset " (that is, described Edge Distance is perfectly directed at about 1mm or following or more excellent
Selection of land, distance is perfectly aligned in about 0.5mm or following, or most preferably, distance be perfectly aligned in about 0.2mm or with
Under).It is noted that represented mirror has the zero offset that the periphery entirely around them extends, it is envisioned, however, that,
Zero offset only along front and rear component assembly edge a part extend position, some frames are effective.
Mirror molectron 308 (Figure 34) includes a bracket 360 with the most flat front surface 361, and wraps further
Include the most flat thin heating unit 362 and the foam strip 363 of biadhesive, this foam strip being supported well with stratiform
Structure by electrochromism mirror element 310 adhesive bond to front surface 361.It is made to the greatest extent may be used by the front surface 361 of bracket 360
Can be flat so that front and rear element 312 and 314 it is can not suffer from the local of the picture of unacceptable Writhing reflex and becomes
Shape.Depend on the flatness of front surface 361, front and rear element 312 and 314 is made to thicker or relatively thin.It is contemplated that
Bracket 360 can be the plastic components of molding, or can be metal or other material.If the benefit of this system of readers' needs
Filling information, reader can turn to, attention, the entitled " LIGHT-WEIGHT delivered on February calendar year 2001 27
ELECTROCHRONIC MIRROR " patent 6,195,194, and entitled " REARVIEW MIRROR WITH
INTEGRATED FRAME " the open No.US 2004-0196577 A1 of United States Patent (USP), both full contents are here answered
With being cited as list of references.
Frame 344 (Figure 34) is installed in mirror molectron 308.This frame 344 has C-shaped cross section, and forms one with class
It is similar to the mode continuous print ring around the periphery extension of mirror part 310 of three shown in Fig. 2 frame.Frame 344 (figure
34) including: a lower limb extended forward 365, the front lip extended on the peripheral portion of the front surface 312a of front elements 312
366, and the front lip 367 extended in the outer edge part of the rear surface 368 of bracket 360.As shown in figure 34, bracket 360
On rim lip 369 formed and receive groove 370 after front lip 367.The inner surface of lower limb 365 closely with front and rear
The edge mate of element 312 and 314, and the inner surface of antelabium 366 and 367 respectively with the front surface 312a of front elements 312 and
The rear surface 368 of bracket 369 closely cooperates.In a preferred embodiment, frame 344 embedding mould on bracket 360, as
A part for molding processing, is attached to front lip 367 on the rear surface 368 of bracket 360.Or, can be as one two grades
Assembling process, bonds or combines front lip 367.It is expected to, it is also possible to before front lip 366 is attached to front elements 312
On the 312a of surface.Lower limb 365 can also be attached on an edge of front and rear element 312 and 314, although this is not
Necessarily require, be not a condition.
Or, it is contemplated that front lip 366 is formed with the condition of " overbending " so that front lip 366 inner most
Most advanced and sophisticated 366 ' are coupled on front surface 312a with a biasing elastic, are not kept by the combination of the Outboard Sections of front lip 366
Away from.By this configuration, frame 344 is an integral part of combinations of mirrors part 308, and molectron is maintained at by both in help
Together, and by the outward flange of electrochromism mirror element 310 seal.
Frame 344 has an extremely thin cross dimensions 371.This is preferable sought by original device manufacturers
Condition, in order to allow the inner surface 383 of external mirror having indicator light framework 373 to have a less size 372.Original for vehicle sets
For standby maker, this is an important characteristic, because bigger mirror part 310 allows the biggest visual field, and
And less outer mirror framework 373 allows forwards the bigger visual field of (that is, by mirror to the front of vehicle).Can set
Thinking, the material of frame 344 can be elastomer or the more thermoplasticity of rigidity or metal material, as mentioned above for frame
Described by 144a (Figure 19).It is contemplated that front lip 366 about 2mm width or narrower, about 2mm width or narrower front table will be covered
Continuous print periphery band on the 312a of face.However, it is contemplated that antelabium 366 can cover little to 1mm or on narrow front surface
Band；Or can make and only (such as, only not exist on the top and bottom margin of front surface 312a in some region
On the right side of it and left side) the upper extension of inherent front surface 312a；Or, can be made into and not prolong on front surface 312a
Stretch.The position of any element 312 and 314 it is not covered with at frame, it is possible to use the whole front surface of element 312 (i.e., it is possible to profit
Picture with 100% displaying reflection of front surface).It can trust that for selecting part, particularly EC mirror to show with electronics
For the mirror in generation, this is novel and non-obvious.(see Fig. 3,11,13,15-18,23,24,26-28,29B-33 and
49)。
Except groove 370A be formed on the front surface of bracket 360A, front lip 367A is arranged on table before bracket 360A left end
Within face and outside combination over the front surface, frame 344A (Figure 35) is similar with frame 344 (Figure 34).As a result of which it is, posterior lip
It is interior that edge 367A is arranged on space 363A ', and this space 363A ' is between the edge of bracket 360A and posterior elements 314.Front lip
The outward flange of heater 362 and the outside of foam strip 363 are terminated by 367A.
Except coordinating in there is that forwards extend and frame front lip 367A ' at the interior bracket of frame 344A ' 360 '
Outside the antelabium 360A1 that groove 360A2 combines, frame 344A ' (Figure 35) is similar with frame 344A.Equally, bracket 360A ' is changed
Type, in order to include a hole 360A3, this hole allows wire 364A4 to pass through and be connected on electric conductor or conductive clamp 365A5,
For operating electrochromic material 326A.
Frame 344B (Figure 36) and frame 344A (Figure 35) is similar, with the groove on the front surface being formed at bracket 360B
370B.But, the front surface of front lip 367B of frame 344B and the front surface copline of bracket 360B, foam strip 363 is (same
Ground, heater 362) outward flange extend in front lip 367B.
Except bracket 360C includes that trapezoidal keyhole 375C, a frame 344C include a key engaged with keyway 375C
Outside 376C is to be reliably maintained at frame 344C in mirror molectron 308, frame 344C (Figure 37) and frame 344 (Figure 34)
Similar.It is contemplated that key 376C is molded onto mirror molectron 308 by the part as the embedding mould process of molding frame 344C
On.But it is also possible to utilize hot riveting to make this configuration having key, or utilize sound wave or mechanical means, by a projection shape
Bonding shape or formed similar rivet connection.
Except keyway 375D is in the face of contrary direction (that is, one big end is opened wide backward), and key 376D is from above
Position extend to outside in keyway 375D, frame 344D (Figure 38) and frame 344C (Figure 37) is similar.
Frame 344E (Figure 39) is similar with frame 344D, with a key 376E rearward extended.In frame 344E,
Band 363 extends in front lip 367E.But, key 376E is preferably located on the outward flange of foam strip 363 or outside it, in order to
The probability that key 376E destroys with 363 surfaces combined is reduced to minimum；But it is not necessarily to so.
Except frame 344F (Figure 40) includes that one is turned in inner side by what the joint of lower limb 365F and front lip 366F limited
Outside big radius on angle, frame 344F (Figure 40) and frame 344C (Figure 37) is similar.Big radius 377F forms a chamber
Body, it can be to better assure that inside corner will cause front lip 366F to be attached in the way of leaving front surface 312a with a kind of
On one edge of element 312.Radius 377F also causes a thinning part on the anterior 378F of lower limb 365F, and both play
The effect at one elastic hinge center, prevents along lower limb 365F at other undesirable region bends.
Second big radius is included except frame 344G is included in the corner formed by lower limb 365G and front lip 367G
Outside 379G, frame 344G (Figure 41) and frame 344F (Figure 40) is similar.This can allow lower limb 365G (with front lip 366G) edge
The edge combinations of mirrors part 308G is adjusted to arbitrary undulation, just as on the edge being placed in mirror part 310G
Clip it may happen that as.
Except will be located in the radius 377H of front portion be made to than front radius 377G big in addition to, frame 344H (Figure 42) and limit
Frame 344G (Figure 41) is similar to.And then, radius 377H also shifts, thus, radius 377H be positioned at front lip 366H lower section rather than
It is positioned at corner.
As noted above, Figure 43-46 is the section view of a fragment of amplification at edge of four other mirror structure
Figure, each has a frame, and this frame covers the leading edge of electrochromism mirror element, figure from aesthstic angle
Frame in 43-44 also covers the whole sidepiece at edge, but, the frame in Figure 45-46 only partly covers the side at edge.
More specifically, frame 344I (Figure 43) is L-shaped, and includes a lower limb 365I and front lip 366I, but not
Including front lip (367).The edge of lower limb 365I and front and rear element 312 and 314 slightly away from, produce a gap
379I.Preferably, front lip 366I embedding mould being attached on front surface 312a.Gap 379I prevents along front and rear
Any scrambling at the edge of element 312 and 314 makes limit in the way of showing through and through in front lip 366I
The lower limb 365I deformation of frame 344I.And, when element 312/314 and frame 344I stand different thermal expansion/contraction, gap
379I allows lower limb 365I bending and motion.Except frame 344J (Figure 44) is at lower limb 365J and front and rear element 312 and 314
Do not include between edge that, outside any gap (379I), frame 344J (Figure 44) and frame 344I (Figure 43) is similar.The need to
If, lower limb 365J is attached on the lateral edges of element 312 and 314.
In addition to lower limb 365K shortening, makes it and only extends through slightly cavity 325, frame 344K (Figure 45) and frame
344I (Figure 43) is similar to.And then, make the end 380K posteriorly element 314 of lower limb 365K be tapered.Frame 344L (Figure 46) class
Being similar to frame 344J (Figure 44), but frame 344L (Figure 46) includes an end 380L, this end is when not up to cavity 325
Terminate, and the most blunt rather than tapered.Specifically, end 380L is whole on the edge of front elements 312
Only.Such as, end 380L can be incorporated on the lateral edges of element 312 as the part that embedding mould operates.
Figure 47-49 represents the sectional view of a fragment of the amplification at the edge of three other mirror structure, each
There is the edge of an EC mirror applied by the band of material.These configurations are described as frame, because they provide
One outward appearance being similar to frame, including a thin profile around mirror part 310.
Frame 344M (Figure 47) is similar with frame 344J because it includes the material bands of a L-shaped, this band with
Front lip 366M extended in its surface and the lower limb 365M of the lateral edges extension through front and rear element 312 and 314.Limit
The example of the process of the material of frame 344M and coating this frame 344M, above with respect to described by Figure 15-17B.(such as,
See coating 176, Figure 17 A, and, see electrically non-conductive material 162, Figure 12, and see elastomeric material 144a, Figure 19).
Frame 344N (Figure 48) is similar to frame 344M (with frame 344L), and its similar part is, frame 344N includes
One by antelabium 366N and lower limb 365N.But, lower limb 365N is shortened so that it is can not extend up to cavity 325.
Frame 344P (Figure 49) is similar to frame 344M and 344N, because it includes the side face edge along front elements 312
The material bands of the coating that edge is arranged.But, frame 344P is coated on the second surface of front elements 312 (that is, at cavity
In 325), the lateral edges at front and rear element 312 and 314 does not extends.Visually, outward appearance and frame 344M (Figure 47) and
Frame 344N (Figure 48) does not has difference.The material of frame 344P can be opaque, translucent, light-absorbing or
Reflexive, or dead color or light color.
Figure 50-51 is the sectional view of a fragment of the amplification of the frame with C-shaped cross-section, and this frame covers electroluminescent change
The lateral edges of color mirror element is also wound up into the first and the 4th of EC mirror element assembly on surface.But, frame is further
Including the wing of an elastomeric flexible, this wing leaves electrochromism mirror element horizontal expansion and mirror frame CONTACT WITH FRICTION.
More specifically, frame 344Q (Figure 50) is C-shaped, with frame 144 (Fig. 2) or frame 144a (Figure 19) and limit
Frame 344 (Figure 34) does not has difference.Frame 344Q (Figure 50) includes a lower limb 365Q, the limit to front and rear element 312 and 314
Edge produces a gap 379Q, and farther includes a front lip extended on the front surface 312a of front elements 321
366Q, and front lip 367Q extended on the rear surface 314b of posterior elements 314.One flexible wing is from lower limb 365Q
Midpoint extends in outward direction.Shown wing 382Q becomes increasingly thinner along with extending to its top, but it is contemplated that this wing can
To have different shapes.Mirror framework 373 includes an inner surface 383Q combined by wing 382Q.Preferably, wing 382Q is only
Somewhat be combined with inner surface 383Q so that when carrying out the angle adjustment of combinations of mirrors part 308 in mirror framework 373, produce
Minimal frictional resistance.Thus, it is connected on bracket 360Q and combinations of mirrors part is carried out the power supply group of angle adjustment, protect
Hold its lowest energy requirement for adjustment.It should be pointed out that, and wing 383Q can be configured to allow at wing 382Q and inner surface
A little gap is produced, particularly, if needing to be positioned at the Angle Position that mirror assembly is maximum between 383Q.Wing 382Q permits
The vertically and horizontally size being permitted mirror part 310 maximizes relative to the opening 384Q limited by framework 373.Former for vehicle
For beginning device manufacturers, this is an important feature, because bigger mirror part 310 allows bigger rearward regard
, less outer mirror subframe 373 allows bigger visual field forwards.
Except frame 344R (Figure 51) include by diascopy shorten lower limb 365R and one be similar to include 344L (Figure 46)
Front lip 366R outside, frame 344R (Figure 51) is similar to include 344Q.Elastic wing 382R is the most horizontal from lower limb 365R
Extend, and carry out slight sliding contact with the inner surface 383R of framework 373.
It is contemplated that frame 344-344R can be pressed into, be molded onto or be bonded to the front surface of front elements 312
On 312a；And/or extrude, mold or be coated to front surface and the side of mirror part 310 (including element 312 and 314)
On surface；And/or extrude/mold/be coated to mirror part 310 (include element 312,314, bracket 360, heater
362 and foam strip) on；And/or extrude/mold/be coated on bracket 360；And/or extrude/mold/be coated to
On in element 312,314 one or both lateral edges.It is for instance possible to obtain polymer to be directly expressed to window-glass
On technology.See entitled " the METHOD OF KAKING WINDOW GLASS of the Osanami delivered on October 27th, 1992
WITH A GASKET " United States Patent (USP) U.S Patent No.5,158,638, in order to explain award be directly coated with on glass elements/
The method of extruding, entire contents is here cited as list of references.
Turn now to Figure 52 and 53, illustrate one on " inside edge " with the bracket of integral frame 366
360.Bracket with overall frame is preferred for the element use described by Fig. 4 A, 4B and 4C.A kind of relevant assembly method
It is to provide a double-sided adhesive layer, such as band or foam, and by member bond to the bracket with overall frame so that
It is arranged in the socket 366a of frame with the relevant contacts of relevant conductive layer.It is highly preferred that frame is arranged near
On the edge (that is, inside edge) of the element of relevant vehicle.
(include below in conjunction with Figure 58-66C described by) can be (interior with some mirrors it is contemplated that idea of the invention
Portion and/or outside) it is used in combination, described mirror has the most different options, in order to produce collaborative and unconspicuous combination,
It is impossible, surprising and beyond thought advantage before this combination provides.Such as, turn now to Figure 54, one
Internal mirror molectron 502 includes frame 555 (being similar to any frame 144 and/or 344-344R) and shell 556.Frame
Combine with shell and limit a mirror framework, for loading the device in addition to reflecting element and information display.Known
United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 6,102,546；6,407,468；6,420,800；With 6,471,362, describe various frame,
Shell and relevant fastening structure, for the present invention, the full content of described patent is here cited as list of references.
As shown in Figure 54, combinations of mirrors part can include top and/bottom mike 559.Wheat for the present invention
The example of gram wind, at known U.S. Patent application U.S.Patent Application Serial numbers 09/444,
176 and U.S. Patent Application Publication U.S.Patent Application Publication No.US2002/0110256 A1
Carrying out description, entire contents is here cited as list of references.As shown in Figure 54-56, mike 561 and 560 can be pacified
It is contained in the top of combinations of mirrors part, the bottom of combinations of mirrors part, the rear side of mirror shell or mirror shell or frame
Any position.Preferably, near each end, on the back side of mirror shell in groove part, two mikes are loaded
In combinations of mirrors part, as shown in Figure 54-56.At least partly these systems can be formed an entirety, show with information
Device centralized Control and/or can be with information display shared components.It addition, the control situation of these systems and/or device, can
To be displayed on relevant information display.
With further reference to Figure 54, combinations of mirrors part 502 includes the first and second illuminating assemblies 567,571.For the present invention
The various illuminating assemblies used and illumination apparatus, known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patents 5,803,579,6,335,548,
With 6, being described in 521,916, here its content is cited as list of references.Further indicate that as in Figure 56, often
One illuminating assembly preferably includes a reflector, lens and an illumination apparatus (not shown).Most preferably, have two
Individual illuminating assembly, one is typically set to illuminate front passenger seating area, and second is typically set to illumination and drives
Member's seating area.Can be with only one of which or another one illuminator assemblage can also be had, such as, one by central control board
Region on region, the crown or the area illumination between front stall.
With further reference to Figure 54, combinations of mirrors part 502 includes the first and second switches 575,577.For the present invention's
Suitably switch is in known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 6,407,468,6,420,800,6,471,362 and 6,614,579
In be described in detail, the full content of described patent is here cited as list of references.These switches can be loaded
To control illuminating assembly, display, mirror reflectance, voice activated control, compass system, telephone system, expressway charge
Place interface, telemetry system, head lamp controller, rain sensor, etc..Here or as a reference cited literary composition
Offer interior described any other display or system, can be encased in any position of relevant vehicle, and can be in order to
It is controlled with described switch.
With further reference to Figure 54, combinations of mirrors part 502 includes indicator 583.For the various indicators of the present invention,
Known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patrent 5,803,579,6, carried out description in 335,548, entire contents here by
It is cited as list of references.These indicators may indicate that display, mirror reflectance, voice activated control, compass system, phone system
System, interface at expressway charge, telemetry system, head lamp controller, rain sensor, etc. state.Here or make
In document cited in list of references described any other display or system, relevant vehicle can be encased in
Any position, it is possible to there is a state described by described indicator.
With further reference to Figure 54, combinations of mirrors part 502 includes the first and second optical sensors 586,588.For the present invention
Preferred optical sensor retouch the most in detail in known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 5,923,027 and 6,313,457
Stating, the full content of described patent is cited as list of references in patent.Glare sensor and/or ambient sensors are automatic
Ground controls the reflectance from dimmed reflecting element and information display and/or the intensity of backlight.Glare sensor is used for feeling
Surveying the headlamp of the vehicle drawn, environmental sensor carries out the light line of the surrounding operated wherein for detecting described system
Part.In another embodiment, can include sky sensor arrange for detect general above associated vehicle and
The light intensity in front, sky sensor may be used for automatically controlling the reflectance from dimmed element, the exterior light of controlled vehicle
Line and/or the intensity of information display.
With further reference to Figure 54, combinations of mirrors part 502 includes be positioned at mirror frame 555 first, second, third and
Four operator interfaces 590,591,592,593.Each shown operator interface includes one by from the information of back lighting
Display " A ", " AB ", " A1 ", " 12 ".Should be appreciated that these operator interfaces can be encased in associated vehicle Anywhere,
Such as, it is encased in mirror shell, supplementary module, board, Roof console, instrument board, seat, central control board etc..
Suitably construction of switch in known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 6,407,468,6,420,800,6,4713,62 and 6,
Carrying out detailed description in 614,579, here, its content is cited as list of references.These operator interfaces, can control
System: connect at illuminating assembly, display, the reflectance of mirror, voice activated control, compass system, telephone system, expressway charge
Mouth, telemetry system, head lamp controller, rain sensor, etc..Here and described in list of references any other
Display or system can load on any position in relevant vehicle, it is possible to controlled by operator interface.Example
As, display can be programmed by user, in order to describes predetermined information, or is programmed by display, in order to by information system
Row roll, or the input of relevant sensor can be utilized will to operate the input of device-dependent setting value with some, with
Just according to a generation giving event, some information is shown.In one embodiment, such as, the temperature at electromotor reaches threshold
Before value is above, a given display can be in the most illuminated state, and when the temperature of electromotor reaches more than threshold value
Time, the most automatically show the temperature of electromotor.Another one example is, the approaching sensor being positioned at vehicle rear may be coupled to
On one controller, and combine with the display in a rearview mirror, in order to driver point out one object of distance away from
From；This display can make a bar, and this bar can have the length of distance being proportional to give.
Although indicating ad-hoc location and the label of these additional parts in Figure 52, it is to be understood that, or many or
Few single device can be in any position be encased in relevant vehicle, as described in cited list of references
Like that.
Turn now to Figure 55, the figure shows the sectional view of combinations of mirrors part 602, this combinations of mirrors part have one reflexive
Electrochromism mirror element 605, is installed on an inside plate-shaped frame 621 with double-side adhesive foam band 622.By fixing structure
Part 634 is screwed to (or being integrally formed by plate-shaped frame) on plate-shaped frame 621, and limits a bulb 624, and this bulb is attached to
On the coronal in two ball mounting seats 657 with tubular assembly 657 '.Part described by Figure 55 is cutting along Figure 54
Secant VI-VI intercepts.Figure 55 represent information display 626 and/or backlight (not specifically shown go out, be positioned at mirror part
The bottom of 625) close relative to the preferred position of the reflecting element 605 in the framework limited by shell 656 and frame 655
System.Frame 655 also in as frame 144 the same with any one in 344-344R.Represented combinations of mirrors part 602 includes
One mike；First operator interface；Even same circuit board 695；Mirror mounting seat 657 and supplementary module 658.Mirror is pacified
Dress seat 657 and/or supplementary module 658 can include compass sensor, photographing unit, head lamp controller, additional micro-process
Device, rain sensor, additional information display, additional operator interface etc..
Turn now to Figure 56, represent the exploded view of combinations of mirrors part 702.Figure 56 is for the preferred position relationship of all parts
Provide subsidiary details, also provide the CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION supplemented of combinations of mirrors part.Combinations of mirrors part 702 includes being positioned at frame
755 and mirror shell 756 in reflecting element 705.Frame 755 is suitable for similar previously described frame 144 and 344-344R
In any one.Including a mirror mounting seat 757, for mirror assembly is installed in vehicle.It should be pointed out that, in this application
In, the personnel of the design being familiar with vehicle mirror can redesign, with frame 344 (-344R) described above, mirror framework
373 and bracket 360 replace frame 755, mirror shell 756 and tubulose mounting seat 757.Should be appreciated that except power supply group regulates
Outside device, it is also possible in many adnexaes are encased in mounting seat 757 and/or on plate-shaped frame bracket 621, such as, rainwater sensing
Device, photographing unit, head lamp controller, additional mike, additional information display, compass sensor etc..These systems
An entirety can be combined into, be at least partially formed an entirety, with information display under co-controlling, and/or
Person and information sensor share parts.It addition, these systems and/or the state of controlled device, such that it is able to shown
On relevant information display.
Combinations of mirrors part 702 shown in Figure 56 farther includes the 3rd information display 726, shows with the 3rd information
Show device backlight 737,738,739；First and second mikes 760,761；And include option known to other, such as, with
First reflector of the first lens；The second reflector with the second lens；Glare sensor；Ambient light sensor；With
One, the first, second, third and fourth behaviour of second, third and the 4th operator interface backlight 790a, 791a, 792a, 793a
Work person's interface 790,791,792,793；There is the circuit board 795 of compass sensor module 799；And with input/output
The daughter board 798 of EBI 797.
Preferably, with the illuminating assembly of relevant light source, according to the instruction manufacture of following patent documentation, described patent
Document is known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 5,803,579 and 6,335,548, and U.S. Patent application
U.S.Patent application serial number 09/835,278, entire contents is here cited as reference
Document.
Preferably, glare sensor and ambient light sensor are active optical sensors, as in known United States Patent (USP)
U.S.Patent 6,359,274 and 6, described in 402,328, entire contents of these patents is here cited as ginseng
Examine document.Come from said one or the electrical output signal of two sensors, be used as on circuit board 740 or 795
The input of controller, for controlling reflectance and/or the intensity of the 3rd information display backlight of reflecting element 705.Here
The details of the various control circuits used, carried out description in following known United States Patent (USP), and described patent is
U.S.Patent 5,956,0121；6,084,700；6,222,177；6,244,716；6,247,819；6,392,783；With 6,
402,328, entire contents is here cited as list of references.These systems can form an entirety, at least can portion
Divide ground to form an entirety, with information display under co-controlling, and/or share parts with information sensor.
It addition, these systems and/or the state of controlled device, such that it is able to it is displayed on relevant information display.
Although compass sensor module 799 represented in Figure 56 is arranged on circuit board 795, but, it should reason
Solving, this sensor assembly may be located in mounting seat 757, and accessory module 758 is positioned close at combinations of mirrors part 702 or position
Any position in associated vehicle, such as, be positioned at the lower section of instrument board, at Roof console, central control board, OK
In Lee's boot, in engine room etc..It is known in United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patents 6,023,229 and 6,140,933, and it is complete
Portion's content is here cited the U.S. Patent Application Publication U.S.Patent Application of tail list of references
Pblication No.US2003/0167121 A1 and US 2004/0061920 A1, describes in detail for the present invention's
Various compass system.These systems can form an entirety, is at least partially formed an entirety, exists with information display
Under co-controlling, and/or share parts with information sensor.It addition, these systems and/or controlled device
State, such that it is able to be displayed on relevant information display.
Daughter board 798 operationally communicates with circuit board 795.Circuit board 795 can include controller 796, the most micro-
Processor, daughter board 798 can include information display.Such as, microprocessor accepts letter from compass sensor module 799
Number, and process described signal and transmit the signal to daughter board, in order to control the side of vehicle corresponding to display instruction
To.As here with cited list of references described in, controller (can not show from optical sensor, rain sensor
Go out), automotive vehicle extraneous light controller (not shown), mike, global positioning system (not shown), telecommunication system
(not shown) operator interface and other devices many accept signal, and control-message display, in order to provide visual finger
Show.
Controller 796, can control mirror reflectance, extraneous light, rain sensor, guide at least in part
Pin, information display, windscreen wiper, heater, defroster, demister, air-conditioner, telemetry system, as with numeral
The speech recognition systems such as the voice activated control based on signal processor and car speed.Controller 796 can be from here and institute
Switch and/or sensor that any device described by the document quoted is relevant accept signal, in order to automatically handle here and
Cited other device any described by document.Controller 796, permissible, may be located at combinations of mirrors part at least in part
Outside, or the second controller at the other position can being included in vehicle, or additional on whole vehicle
Controller.Single processor can be configured, in order to by Bluetooth protocol, radio communication, through vehicle bus or process
One CAN or other communication being suitable for any, carry out serial, parallel communications.
According to the present invention it is possible to outside loading described by the patent documentation being here cited as list of references as is well known
Portion's Optimizing Control System, described patent documentation is: United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 5,990469；6,008,486；6,130,421；
6,130,448；6,255,639；6,049,171；5,837,994；6,403,942；6,281,632；6,291,812；6,469,
739；6,465,963；6,429,594；6,379,013；6,611,610；6,621,616；6,587,573；US Patent
Application Publications Nos.US2002/0005472 A1,2003/0107323 A1 and US 2004/
0021853 A1 and US 2004/0143380.These systems can be that formation one is overall, can be into one at least in part
Overall, with information display under co-controlling, and/or share parts with information sensor.It addition, these are
System and/or the state of controlled device, such that it is able to be displayed on relevant information display.
Humidity sensor and windshield fog detector system, in known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 5,923,027
With 6, carrying out description in 313,457, the full content of described patent is here cited as list of references.These systems are permissible
It is that formation one is overall, can be integral at least in part, with information display under co-controlling, and/
Or share parts with information sensor.It addition, these systems and/or the state of controlled device, such that it is able to shown
Show on relevant information display.
Here entire contents is cited as United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent 6,262,831 of list of references and describes confession
The power supply that the present invention uses.These systems can be that formation one is overall, can be integral, with letter at least in part
Breath display is under co-controlling, and/or shares parts with information sensor.It addition, these systems and/or controlled
The state of the device of system, such that it is able to be displayed on relevant information display.
It is contemplated that the present invention can be useful in interiorly or exteriorly rearview mirror.Described interiorly or exteriorly rearview mirror has
Have: electro-optic mirror element, convex mirror element, coquille element, plane mirror element, non-planar mirror element, hydrophilic mirror element and
There is the 3rd surface and the mirror element of the 4th surface reflector.It is further contemplated that the present invention is for transparent reflection formula
Mirror is useful, or is with for by the threadlike graph of the best results of visible ray (sometimes referred to as on it for having
For " prison grid ") the three, the 4th surface mirrors elements be useful.And then, the present invention is for having the mirror of following part
Son is useful, and described part is: first or the 3rd surface heater, anti-scraping layer and the electricity including flexible PCB
Road plate and circuit board and the combination of heater, such as, have embedment or shape all-in-one-piece non-heated effect is as ellipse in signal
Circle and signal diffusant, the hole, location passed through for light or the heater of window.The present invention fastens for that encapsulate or card
Or elastic peripheral frame be also useful, and, be also useful for having the bracket on the most smooth surface.Meanwhile, may be used
So that additional option is attached in mirror integrally, including: signal lights, king light, distance by radar detector, puddle lamp
(puddle lights), Signal Monitor, optical sensor and indicator and alarm lamp, with hinges keeper and
For receiving and support the integral framework of described parts.And then, it is contemplated that this mirror can include hand foldable or
Power jack-knifing mirror, extensible mirror and have wide visual field and with the mirror of information on mirror, described information is such as
For " object in mirror compared with may show closer to " or other labelling, such as " being heated " or " the most dimmed ".Enter
And, the present invention is useful for smalt mirror or " blue chemistry " dimmed mirror.And then, by by this concept with have following
The mirror of part combines and can obtain good usefulness, and described part is (that is, at the edge of mirror element with " zero offset "
Perfect alignment between difference be averagely less than about 1mm or more preferably less than about 0.5mm) the front and rear at edge
The electrochromism mirror element of glass mirror element, an edge including fully reflective or opaque edge seal are close
Sealing and/or second surface chromium or chromium frame.
Although by the use that combines with the such as EC mirror such as mirror and construction window, the present invention having been carried out total
Describe, but, those skilled in the art are it will be appreciated that various aspects of the invention can combine with other electro-optical device adds
With application.
Turning now to Figure 57, the figure shows the exploded view of external mirror having indicator light molectron 705, described external mirror having indicator light molectron has
There is the framework 710 being connected on Accessory Members 715 by telescoping elongate portion 720.In at least one embodiment, telescopic prolong
Long portion 720 includes a single armed, and it has for extending from relevant vehicle interior and retraction telescoping elongate portion linear
Actuator.Telescoping elongate portion 720 may include that the linear cause of the linear actuators of rack-and-pinion type, electrical solenoid type
Dynamic device, air rammer or hydraulic actuator.Can so manufacture framework 710 so that this framework around telescoping elongate portion to axle
Pivot to direction.Furthermore it is possible to so manufacture telescoping elongate portion so that framework can inwardly toward relevant vehicle and to
Outer away from relevant vehicle folding.Accessory Members 715 is made and is received by vehicle mounting seat 725.Vehicle mounting seat can be by
Be fixed on door-plate, on front column, on front mudguard, on window assembling component or driver general it can be seen that cut-off mutually
Rear portion scenery Anywhere.Should be appreciated that telescoping elongate portion can include two or more arms, and, with
The number of the arm used is unrelated, this framework may be configured to pivot and fold.It is also to be understood that can be with reference to mark
Number position shown in 720a, is connected to framework on an on-telescopic extension so that framework pivots around joint 720a,
So that can as required mirror be navigated near or away from vehicle；These parts can be attended by a dynamic positioning machine
Structure so that can complete to drive at vehicle interior.
Should be appreciated that and can so make mirror framework, extension and Accessory Members so that stretch, pivot and fold and want
Ask manual operation.
It is provided with the wire harness 730 of adapter 735, in order to by outer mirror and the relevant device knot being positioned within associated vehicle
Altogether.Can so make wire harness, be allowed to the prolongation of framework is provided, folds and pivot, it is also possible to be made into for providing
Reflecting element control, power supply, turn signal driving, the control of mirror heater, mirror element location, optical sensor interface, outside
Mirror circuit plate interface, wireless set interface, information display interface, antennal interface, light source and controller, answer quick flashing
Lamp and other electric components all as described herein.Should be appreciated that in vehicle, in suitable place, for these parts
Each an operator interface is set.
A kind of mirror element localizer 740 is provided, for from relevant vehicle interior by relevant reflecting element at framework
Interior alignment.Should be appreciated that the operator interface that correspondence is set in vehicle, for the location of reflecting element.
Localizer 740 is mechanically connected on bracket, for providing a fixed structure, for associated reflections element
Support and mobile.The example of the bracket being suitable for, at United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent Nos.6, is carried out in 195,1946,239,899
Describing, entire contents is here cited as list of references.
In at least one embodiment, double face binding foam 750 is utilized to be fixed on bracket by reflecting element.In some feelings
Under condition, can in double face binding foam providing holes 751, to be adapted to the location of various parts.
In at least one embodiment, in rearview mirror molectron, circuit board 755 is set.Circuit board 755 can include light
Source, such as, turn signal lamp, lockhole illumination apparatus or be here cited as U.S. of list of references such as entire contents special
Profit U.S.Patent No.6, the external door area illumination device that 441,943 are lectured, information display, antenna, transceiving
Machine, reflecting element controller, outer mirror communication system, the keyless access system of remote control, proximity transducer and retouched here
The interface for other device stated.United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent Nos.6,244,716,6,523,876,6,521,916,
6,441,943,6,335,548,6,132,072,5,803,579,6,229,435,6,504,142,6,402,328,6,379,
013 and 6,359,274 disclose the various electric components and circuit board that may be used in and multiple embodiments, and these are beautiful
The content of each of state's patent is the most all cited as list of references.
In at least one embodiment, it is provided that the rearview mirror molectron of a kind of band having heaters 760, this heater is used for changing
Enter the operation of device and for melting the precipitation freezed that may be present.The example of various heaters is disclosed in United States Patent (USP)
U.S.Patent Nos.5,151,824,6,244,716,6,426,485,6,441,943 and 6, in 356,376, these patents
The entire disclosure of each be here cited as list of references.
In at least one embodiment, reflecting element has variable reflectivity Characteristics.The reflecting element of variable reflectivity
Can include the first substrate 765 and the second substrate 770, they are fixed by sealing member 775 with the relation being spaced apart from each other, in order to
A chamber is limited between them.Reflecting element can be manufactured into limit a concave curved component, non-spherical element, one
One non-planar elements of individual plane component, a wide visual field element or these various elements combinations in zones of different, with
Just the shape of a complicated mirror element is limited.The first surface of the first substrate can include applying of hydrophilic or hydrophobic
Layer, in order to improve operation.This reflecting element can include Transflective character so that light source or information display can be set
Put after element and by throw light at this.This reflecting element can be on the surface of the exposure of the first and/or second substrate
On include anti-scraping layer.Reflecting element can include the region not having reflecting material, such as, be etched into strip or word, in order to limit
Make information display region.The example of various reflecting elements carried out description in following United States Patent (USP), and described patent is
U.S.Patent Nos.5,682,267、5,689,370、6,064,509、6,062,920、6,268,950、6,195,194、5,
940,201、6,246,507、6,057,956、6,512,624、6,356,376、6,166,848、6,111,684、6,111,
684,6,193,378,6,239,898,6,441,943,6,037,471,6,020,987,5,825,527 and 5,998,617, this
Each disclosed full content of a little patents, is here cited as list of references.
Preferably, described chamber housing has electrochromic media.This electrochromic media is preferably able to optionally to
By its optical attenuation and preferably have at least one solution phase electrochromic material and a kind of additional
Electroactive material, this electrochromic material can be that solution phase, surface are limited, or precipitate on surface.But, mesh
Before medium preferably be the redox electrochromics medium of solution phase, such as, disclosed in known United States Patent (USP),
Described United States Patent (USP) is U.S.Patent Nos.4,902,108,5,128,799,5,278,693,5,280,380,5,282,
077,5,294,376,5,336,448,5,808,778 and 6,020,987；Their full content is here cited as reference
Document.If electrochromic media if, with solution phase, it is possible to use known technology will by sealable charging port
It is embedded in chamber, such as, utilizes vacuum backfill or similar techniques.
Electrochromic media preferably includes electrochromic anodic and cathode material, and these materials can be generalized into sow
Class:
I () monolayer-electrochromic media is monolayer material, it can include little uneven region and include solution
Phase device, wherein, material is accommodated in the solution in the electrolyte of ionic conduction, and, when being electrochemically oxidized and going back
Time former, rest in solution.Following patent documentation discloses the anode can being used in monolayer electrochromic media and negative electrode material
Material, described patent documentation is: entitled " NEAR INFRARED-ABSORBING ELECROCHROMIC COMPOUNDS AND
DEVICES COMPRISING SAME " U.S.Patent No.6,193,912；Entitled " COLOR STABILIZED
ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES " U.S.Patent No.6,188,505；Entitled " ANODIC ELECTROCHROMIC
MATERIAL HAVING A SOLUBILIZING MOIETY " U.S.Patent 6,262,832；Entitled
“ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIA WITH CONCENTRATION ENHANCED STABILTY PROCESS FOR
PREPARATION THEREOF AND USE IN ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICE " U.S.Patent No.6,137,
620: entitled " ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIALS WITH ENHANCED ULTRAVIOLET STABILITY's "
U.S.Patent nNo.6,195,192: entitled " SUBSTITUTED METALLOCENES FOR USE AS AN ANODIC
ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIAL AND ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIAAND DEVICES COMPRISING SAME”
U.S.Patent No.6,392,783；And entitled " COUPLED ELECTEOCHROMIC COMPOUNDS WITH
PHOTOSTABLE DICATION OXIDATION STATES " U.S Patent No.6,249,369；These patents are taken off
The content shown here is cited as list of references.According to entitled " IMPROVED ELECTREOCHROMIC LAYER AND
DEVICES COMPRISING SAME " U.S.Patent No.5,928,572, or entitled " ELETROCHROMIC
POLYMERIC SOLID FILMS, MANUFACTURING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES USING SUCH SOLID
FILMS, AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING SUCH SOLID FILMS AND DEVICES " International Patent Publication
International Publication No.WO 98/42796, solution phase electroactive material may be embodied in the polymerization of crosslinking
The continuous print solution of thing matrix mutually in, the full content of described patent is here cited as list of references.
Can be electrochromic by least three kinds of electroactive materials, at least within two kinds, combine, in order to be given
The color being pre-selected, such as entitled " ELECTROCHROMIC MEDIUM CAPBLE OF PRODUCTING A
PRESELECTED COLOR " United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.6, described by 020,97, the full content of this patent exists
Here list of references it is cited as.When for relevant element design information display, this electrochromism can be selected to be situated between
The ability of the color of matter is particularly advantageous.
Anode and cathode material can utilize a bridge-jointing unit combine or be tied, as entitled
Institute in the International Publication International Publication No.WO97/30134 of " ELECTROCHROMIC SYSTEM "
As description, the full content of this patent is here cited as list of references.Similar method can also be utilized to connect sun
Pole material or cathode material.The concept described in these applications can be further combined with, in order to produces various company
The electrochromic material picked up.
It addition, single-layer medium includes that anode and cathode material can be incorporated into the polymer as described in following patent documentation
Medium in matrix, described document is: the International Publication of entitled " ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMER SYSTEM "
International Publication No.WO99/02621, entitled " ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERIC SOLID
FILMS,MANUFACURING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVVICEC USING SOLID FILMS,AND PROCESSE FOR
MAKING SUCH SOLID FILMS AND DEVICES " United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent no.6,002,511 or the world
The open Intenational Publication No.WO98/42796 of patent, entire contents is here cited as with reference to literary composition
Offer.
Also including a kind of medium, wherein, in the operating process of device, one or more materials in this medium stand phase
Change, such as, a kind of depositing system, wherein, a kind of material be included in ionic conduction electrolyte in solution in, when
When there is electrochemical oxidation or reduction, this material forms a layer, or the layer of part on conductive electrode.
Multilamellar-by medium forms multiple layer, and includes that at least one is attached directly on conductive electrode or is limited in
Its neighbouring material, when there is electrochemical oxidation or reduction, this material remains in that and is attached or is limited on it
State.The example of such electrochromic media is metal-oxide film, such as tungsten oxide, yttrium oxide, nickel oxide
And vanadium oxide.Medium including one or more organic electrochromic layers also will be considered as multilayer dielectricity, such as, be attached to
Polythiophene, polyaniline or polypyrrole on electrode.
It addition, electrochromic media can also include other material, such as, light absorber, light stabilizer, heat stabilizer,
Antioxidant, thickening agent or viscosity modifier.
Preferably gel is attached in electrochromic device, propose, the entitled " AN such as on April 2nd, 1997
ELECTROCHROMIC MIRROR WITH TWO THIN GLASS ELEMENT AND A GELLED ELECTROCHROMIC
MEDIUM " known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,940,201 described by.This entire contents of US patents exists
Here list of references it is cited as.
In at least one embodiment, rearview mirror molectron arranges the electrooptic cell of the sealing member with substantial transparent.
United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,790,298 provides
The method of the sealing member of the example of the sealing member of substantial transparent and formation substantial transparent, entire contents is at this
In be cited as list of references.
In at least one embodiment, rearview mirror molectron is provided with and includes 780, for protecting relevant sealing member from broken
The light of bad property, and an aesthetic pleasant outward appearance is provided.Various frames are disclosed in United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent
No.5,448,397、6,102,546、6,195,194、5,923,457.6,239,898,6,170,95 and 6, in 471,362, its
Content is here cited as list of references.
With reference to Figure 58, representing a controlled vehicle 1105, this vehicle has driver side external mirror having indicator light 1110a, passenger
Side external mirror having indicator light 1110b and an inside rear view mirror 1115.Here the details of these and other parts will be described.Preferably,
This controlled vehicle includes the inside rear view mirror of a non-unity magnification.As used herein, the mirror of non-unity magnification refers to
With reflecting surface plane or smooth mirror, when directly being observed in identical distance by this surface, except not surpassing
Crossing outside the defect of common manufacturing tolerance, the angle of site of the picture of object and width are equal to the angle of site and the width of this object.Extremely
A few relevant position provides daytime of the lens type of non-unity magnification-night adjusting rearview mirror to be considered as here that unit is put
The mirror mirror of big rate.Preferably, this mirror provides a visual field, and this visual field has a viewpoint from projection and measures at least 20 degree
Built-in horizontal angle and enough vertical angles, in order to if when this controlled vehicle is occupied or less by driver and four passengers
Words, specified when allowing the ability that takies to be occupied averagely to take based on weight 68kg, it is provided that regarding of a level road
Open country, the road surface of this level extends on the horizon at the rear portion that the point never more than 61m plays controlled vehicle.Should be appreciated that and regard
Occupant or head restraint that line may be taken one's seat partly block.The position of the eyes reference point of driver is preferred
Ground be according to specification or be suitable for 95 percent the position of standard of male driver.Preferably, controlled vehicle bag
Include the outer mirror of at least one non-unity magnification.Preferably, this outer mirror provides a horizontal road to the driver of controlled vehicle
The visual field in face, this road surface extends to horizon from a line, the fore-and-aft plane that this line is tangent at the widest point with controlled vehicle
Vertically, and the tangent plane of 10.7m extends 2.4m after the eyes of driver, and its seat is on rearward position.Should
Understanding, this sight line may be blocked by the rear of controlled vehicle or mud guard outline portion.Preferably, the eyes of the person of sailing
The position of reference point preferably according to specification or be suitable for 95 percent the position of standard of male driver.Excellent
Selection of land, the mirror of passenger side not by the partial occlusion of the non-wiping of corresponding windshield, and preferably can be by from
The position that driver takes one's seat tilts to be adjusted in horizontally and vertically both direction.In at least one embodiment, it is subject to
Control vehicle includes a convex mirror being arranged on passenger side.Preferably, this mirror is made by horizontally and vertically both direction
Upper inclination is adjusted.Preferably, each outer mirror includes not less than 126cm (cm2？) reflecting surface, and be set
Driver provides the visual field backward of a respective side along controlled vehicle in pairs.Preferably, the basis of any one mirror
SAE Recommended Practice J964, the average reflectance that OCT84 determines, at least 35 percent (for very
Many European countries are 40%).It is to have in the embodiment of multiple reflectivity levels for mirror element, such as, carries with good grounds
In the embodiment of the electro-optical glass of the present invention, by day the minimum reflectance level in pattern to major general be 35 percent (
Europe uses 40 percent) in Night, minimum reflectance level to major general is 4 percent.
With further reference to Figure 58, controlled vehicle 1105 can include various external modulation, such as, head lamp unit 1120a,
1120b, dirty condition lamp 1130a, 1130b, front steering signal indicator 1135a, 1135b, back lamp combination part 1125a,
1125b, rear steering indicator 1126a, 1126b, rear emergent flash lamp 1127a, 1127b, back-up lamp 1140a, 1140b and installation
Stop light (CHMSL) 1145 at center high.
As detailed herein, controlled vehicle can include at least one control system equipped with various parts, it is provided that
The function shared with the miscellaneous equipment of vehicle.The example of control system as described herein by with at least one rearview mirror elements
Reflectance automatically control and the relevant parts that automatically control of at least one external modulation form a whole.This system can
To include at least one image sensor, this image sensor may be located at rearview mirror, front column, middle standing pillar, rear column,
In CHMSL, or it is positioned in inside or the otherwise thereon of controlled vehicle.The picture obtained, or the position of these pictures,
May be used for automotive vehicle equipment to control.The picture obtained, or their position, can alternatively or additionally show
On one or more display.At least one display can be arranged on Transflective or at least partly transmissive with being concealed
Electrooptic cell after.A common control unit can be configured, in order to produce at least one mirror element driving signal and
The control signal of at least one miscellaneous equipment.
Turn now to Figure 59 A and 59B, there is shown the various parts of external mirror having indicator light molectron 1110a.As retouched the most in detail
State, electro-optic mirror element can include the first substrate 1220a, this first substrate via primary seal 1230 to be spaced apart from each other
Relation is fixed on the second substrate 1225, forms a chamber between which.Primary seal leave space at least partially
To form at least one chamber charging port 1235.To in electro-optical medium is loaded this chamber and by a plug material 1240
The closing that charging port seals.Preferably, plug material is ultraviolet solidifiable epoxy or acrylic material.In figure also
Represent spectral filter material 1245a, near the periphery of element.Preferably, conductive clamp 1250,1255 is respectively via
One binding material 1251,1252 is fixed on element.Element is fixed on support plate 1260 via the second binding material 1265.Preferably
Ground, completes from external mirror having indicator light to the electrical connection other parts of controlled vehicle via adapter 1270.Support plate 1260 via
Localizer 1280 is fixed in the framework mounting seat 1270 be correlated with.Preferably, framework mounting seat is combined with framework 1275a, 1275b
And fix via at least one securing member 276a.Preferably, framework mounting seat includes a rotating part, is configured to and rotates peace
Dress seat 277a, 277b combine.Rotary mounting seat is preferably configured to install via at least one securing member 278a and a vehicle
Seat 278 combines.The other details of these parts, neighbouring parts, they being connected with each other and operating will be provided here.
With further reference to Figure 59 B, the aligned of external mirror having indicator light molectron 1110a is, utilize be arranged on observer and
Between primary seal (not shown), spectral filter material shows the visual field of the first substrate 1220a.Blind spot lamp 1285, keyhole shine
Funerary objects 1290, puddle lamp 1292, turn signal lamp 1294, optical pickocff 1296, their part combination or their group
Close, be encased in rearview mirror molectron so that after they are positioned at element for observer.Preferably, by device
1285,1290,1292,1294,1296 manufactures that combine with mirror element are to be concealed at least in part, as referenced herein
List of references discussed in detail as.The details of these parts, additional parts, phase interaction between them are provided here
With and operation.
Turn now to Figure 60, represent and observing with the spectral filtering being located between observer and primary seal material (not shown)
The inside rear view mirror molectron 1115 seen during the first substrate 1322 of equipment material 1345.Shown mirror element is arranged on movably
Combine in framework 1375 and with the fixed frame 1377 installed on surface 1381.First indicator the 1386, second indicator
1387, operator interface 1391 and the first optical pickocff 1396 are arranged on the chin portion of movable framework.First information display
1388, the second information display 1389 and the second optical pickocff 1397 are arranged in molectron, thus they are relative to observation
After being positioned at element for person.As described in relative to external mirror having indicator light molectron, it is preferable that make device 1388,1389,
1397 are concealed at least in part.Such as, relevant mirror element the 3rd and/or the 4th surface cladding layer can form one
" window " is also made on the 3rd surface one platinum group metal (PGM) (that is, iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium and ruthenium) of offer
Layer.Thus, " dazzle " that be irradiated on the optical pickocff of " hidden " be correlated with would first, through first surface lamination (if had
If), the first substrate, second surface lamination, electro-optical medium, platinum group metal and, finally, the second substrate.Platinum group metal plays
Give the 3rd surface conductive electrode with successional effect, thus, reduce the coloring change of the electro-optical medium relevant to this window.
Turn now to Figure 61 A-61C, it is provided that the discussion to the other feature of the present invention.Figure 61 A represents from being located at sight
After seeing when observing at the first substrate 1402a of spectral filter material 1496a between the person of examining and primary seal material 1478a
Visor element 1400a.One the first area of isolation 1440a is set so that by the first current-carrying part 1408a and the second current-carrying part
1430a substantially electric insulation.Periphery material 1460a is applied on element edge.Figure 61 B represent from be arranged on observer and
Second substrate of the primary seal material 1478b between spectral filter material 1490b becomes the rearview mirror elements seen when observing
1400b.One the second area of isolation 1486a is set, in order to substantially by the 3rd current-carrying part 1418a and the 4th current-carrying part
1487b substantially electric insulation.Periphery material 1460b is applied on the edge of element.Preferably, by the first area of isolation 1440a
It is respectively provided with to be positioned as close to periphery material 1460a and 1460b with the second area of isolation 1486b, thus, the first isolation area
Territory 1440a and the second area of isolation 1486b will become less obvious, but the first current-carrying part 1408a and the 3rd current-carrying part
1418b the most respectively with the second current-carrying part 1430a and the 4th current-carrying part 1487b electric insulation.Figure 61 C represent from Figure 61 C or
The rearview mirror elements 1400c that any one LXI-LXI hatching line in the element of 61C is seen when observing.The first represented base
Sheet 1402c fixes with the second substrate 1412c with the relation being spaced apart from each other via primary seal material 1478c.Spectral filtering equipment
Material 1496c is arranged between observer and primary seal material 1478c.First and second conductive clamp 1463c, 1484c are provided respectively,
So that being electrically connected on element.Periphery material 1460c is applied on the edge of element.Should be appreciated that primary seal material is permissible
It is coated by the method being generally used in LCD industry such as silk screen printing or distribution method.Its content is here cited
The United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.4,094,058 of the Yasutake for list of references et al. describes the side that can use
Method.These technology are utilized to be applied on the substrate of single cutting forming by primary seal material, or at a big base
Multiple primary seal shape it is coated with on sheet.Then the big substrate being coated with multiple primary seal is stacked to another big base
On sheet, after partially cured to major general's primary seal material, laminated sheet can be cut into the shape of single mirror.This many
Weight process technology is typically used as the method manufacturing LCD, sometimes referred to as array processes.Similar technique can be utilized to manufacture electric light
Device.Such as transparent conductive body, reflector, spectral filter and the electrooptic layer in the case of solid electro-optic device etc. are all of
Coating, if necessary, can be applied on big substrate and form figure.Described coating can utilize many technology shapes
Become figure, such as, be coated with coating by mask, by optionally coating forms the soluble of figure in the lower section of coating
Layer and after coating is coated with, the coating at the top of this soluble layer is removed, laser ablation or etching.These figures can
To include alignment mark or target, can be for substrate being accurately aligned with or positioning in whole manufacture process.Generally profit
With pattern recognition technique, such as, utilize visual system, optically complete this work.If necessary, the most also may be used
Directly alignment mark or target are applied on glass by sandblasting, laser or diamond line etc..Before lamination, in order to
Control the interval between the substrate of stacking, in blank medium can being put into primary seal material or be applied on substrate.Between
The district that will be cut away on the single combinations of mirrors part processed of laminated sheet can be applied to every medium or mechanism
On territory.If device is solution phase electro-optic mirror element, before can filling utilizing electrooptical material and block charging port or
Afterwards, by the array cutting forming of lamination.
Figure 62 represents rearview mirror elements 1500, and this figure is the view of the amplification of the element shown in Figure 61 C, in order to provide more detailed
Thin details.Element 1500 includes the first substrate 1502, and this substrate has first surface 1504 and second surface 1506.First leads
Electricity electrode part 1508 with the second conductive electrode portion 1530 being applied on second surface 1506 via the first area of isolation
1540 substantially electrically insulated from one another.As it can be seen, at least one embodiment, this area of isolation is so arranged so that
Spectral filter material 1596 and the corresponding enclosure material 1593 that increases also are substantially electric insulations, in order to limit the first He respectively
Second spectral filter material part 1524,1536, and limit the first and second increasing enclosure material parts 1527,1539 respectively.
Represented the first area of isolation 1540, the part of 1440a, 1440b, 1440c can be at the primary seal materials near its center
Extend parallel in the part of material 1578.Should be appreciated that this region of area of isolation 1540 may be at such position, make
Obtain observer and will be not easy the line awaring in spectral filter material；Such as, a part for area of isolation can substantially with
The inside edge of spectral filter material 1596 is substantially arranged in straight line.Should be appreciated that appointing when area of isolation 1540
When what part is positioned at the inner side of primary seal material, as being more fully described in other place here, may observe
Electrooptical material coloring and/or limpid discontinuity.This operational feature can be utilized to be guided out one at subjective vision
Upper spectacular element.
With further reference to Figure 62, shown element 1500 includes the second substrate 1512, and this second substrate is via the 3rd surface
1515 and the 4th surface 1514.Third and fourth conductive electrode portion 1518,1587 is respectively close to the 3rd surface 1515, via
Two area of isolation 1586 substantially electrically insulated from one another.Shown second area of isolation 1586,1486a, 1486b, 1486c are near it
Extend parallel in the part of the primary seal material 1578 at center.Should be appreciated that this part of area of isolation 1586 can be with this
Sample is placed so that observer will not easily see a line in spectral filter material；Such as, the one of area of isolation
Part substantially an inside edge 1597 with spectral filter material 1596 can be arranged in straight line.Should be appreciated that
When any part of area of isolation 1586 is positioned at the inner side of primary seal material, as being more fully described in other place here
, electrooptical material coloring and/or limpid discontinuity may be observed.This operational feature can be utilized to be guided out
One spectacular element on subjective vision.As Figure 62 further indicates that, can be coated on by reflecting material 1520 can
Between selective protective coat 1522 and the 3rd conductive electrode portion 1518.It is to be understood that, it is possible to use following patent documentation
Disclosed in any material limit single surface cladding layer, hydrophilic coating the most on the first surface, coating
Composite laminate, the conductive electrode material being such as applied on first, second, third and fourth surface, spectral filter material, increasing
Enclosure material, reflecting material, protective layer material, described patent documentation is: United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5,818,625,5,
825,527,6,166,848,6,356,376,6,193,378 and 6,111,683,6,816,297 and 6,700,692 and the U.S. special
Open US Patent Application Publication Nos.US 2004/0032638 A1 of profit application and United States Patent (USP)
Open US2004/0061920 A1.Should be appreciated that the 3rd surface and two embodiments of the 4th surface reflector are in the present invention's
Within the scope of.In at least one embodiment, so form the material being applied on the 3rd surface and/or the 4th surface, be allowed to
A part at least corresponding surface stack provides the feature of partially reflective/fractional transmission.In at least one embodiment,
The material integration on the 3rd surface will be applied to, in order to provide a reflector/conductive electrode combined.Should be appreciated that attached
" the 3rd surface " material added extends to the outside of primary seal, in such cases it should be appreciated that the isolation area of correspondence
Territory is extended by additional material.It is visible by the 4th surface for making primary seal, it is simple to the inspection of plug material and
Ultraviolet curing.Various embodiments of the present invention will include specific surface portion, and this is partially different than other parts, and it has
Coating or the lamination of coating；For example, it is possible to before light source, information display, optical pickocff or combinations thereof shape
Become one " window ", in order to the optionally specific wave band of the one or more wavelength of light of transmission, as the most incorporated herein
Described in list of references.
With further reference to Figure 61 A-61B and 62, the first area of isolation 1540 and primary seal material 1575 cooperation limit the
Two conductive electrode portion 1530, the second spectral filter material part 1536 and second increases enclosure material part 1539 substantially with the
One conductive electrode portion the 1508, first spectral filter material part 1524 and first increases enclosure material part 1527 electric insulation.This
Plant structure to allow to be arranged so that conductive material 1548 so that the first conductive clamp 1563 and the 3rd conductive electrode portion 1518, reflection
Material 1520, alternative protective layer 1522 and electro-optical medium 1510 carry out electrical communication.It is obvious that particularly placing the
On the forward direction element of one conductive clamp 1569 in the embodiment of applying conductive material 1548, conductive material can will connect at least in part
Conjunction portion 1557,1566,1572,1575 separates.Preferably, select to form the 3rd conductive electrode portion 1518 or the first conduction
Folder 1563 and the material of conductive material 1548 or the combination of material, in order to promote at conductive clamp and the material leading to electro-optical medium
Between durable electrical communication.Second area of isolation 1586 and primary seal material 1575 are cooperated, and limit the 4th conductive electrode
Part 1587, the 4th conductive electrode portion 1587 substantially with the 3rd conductive electrode portion 1518, reflecting layer 1520, be available for choosing
The protection material 1522 selected and electro-optical medium 1510 electric insulation.This structure allows so to dispose conductive material 1590 so that the
Two conductive clamps 1584 and first increase enclosure material part the 1527, first spectral filter material part the 1524, first conductive electrode portion
Points 1508 and electro-optical medium 1510 carry out telecommunication.It is obvious that particularly disposing applying conductive before the first conductive clamp 1585
In the embodiment of material 1590, junction surface 1585,1588,1589 can be separated by conductive material at least in part.Preferably, choosing
Shape-selective one-tenth the first conductive electrode portion 1508 material or the combination of material, the first conductive clamp 1584, increase enclosure material 1593, light
Spectrum filter material 1596 and conductive material 1590, in order to promote between conductive clamp and the material leading to electro-optical medium is durable
Telecommunication.
Preferably, periphery material 1560 is so selected so that the visible edge surface obtained is to attract in vision
People's, and make to obtain good bonding at junction surface 1533,1545,1554.Should be appreciated that at least can be by the first base
Sheet 1502 is at the part in the region at the first turning 1503, edge the 1505, second turning 1507 and combinations thereof, place
Manage into the most smooth protuberance and depression.By the part on surface, turning, an edge
Or combinations thereof carries out processing to limit " inclination ", " circle " or combinations thereof, and this is belonging to the present invention
Within the scope of.Known patent application publication US Application Publication No.US2004/
0061920 A1 describes the various mechanisms for completing edge treated.Also discuss the process at edge above.Corresponding process
Improve visual appearance and the durability of element.
Turn now to Figure 63 A-F and table 1-3, describe owing to there is oxygen between the first substrate and chromium spectral filter material
Change the result of indium stannum conductive electrode, the color presented.In the description of the mirror element of the example here comprised, when
When electro-optical medium is in the state of " transparent ", to the reflectance that chromium spectral filter material/tin indium oxide conductive electrode is relevant, phase
For the reflectance of the 3rd surface reflector, cause more blue for chromium spectral filter material/tin indium oxide conductive electrode
Tone.As shown in the table comprised here, the b* of reflector is higher than the b* of chromium/tin indium oxide.As described herein, for
Spectral filter material, utilizes aluminum and chromium combine or replace chromium, it is provided that colour developing option additionally.Table 1 summarizes shades of colour
Characteristic, i.e. for spectral filter material, second surface conductive electrode and the relevant material of seven kinds of distinct configuration, anti-including Y
(A10) penetrated；a*；b*；C* and do not include what Y reflected.
Table 1
1-glass/856Ang.Al203/ half-wavelength (optical thickness) ITO
2-above-mentioned 1 is plus opaque layers of chrome
3-above-mentioned 1 is plus about 30Ang. chromium/250Ang. aluminum
4-glass/opaque layers of chrome of half-wavelength ITO/
5-glass/half-wavelength ITO/30Ang. chromium/250Ang. aluminum
6-glass/opaque chromium of Tec15/
7-Tec15
Table 2 summarizes for various tin indium oxides between the first substrate and opaque chromium spectral filter material
(ITO) the shades of colour feature of second surface conductive electrode valve combination, i.e. a*；b*；C* and (A10) that include Y direct reflection.
The data comprised in this table represent by the thickness of ITO is changed to what about 100% control was obtained from about the 65% of 1/2 wavelength
The ability of b* value.Expection obtains the specific thickness of a kind of given color, may join according to the deposition affecting optical constant
Number changes slightly.The color of one specific lamination can be to a certain extent according to selection and the technique of technological parameter
Fluctuation and change, here, but described technological fluctuation can cause the little of material therefor to be the most but significant optical constant
Skew.Such as, if the phsyical density of coating increases, the half-wavelength optical thickness of ITO would correspond to a less physics
Thickness, and the increase of the absorption in ITO coating will reduce the second surface ITO reflectance plus chromium lamination.This does not negates
Such a fact, i.e. in the range of the optical constant the most relevant to ITO, such as, when thick with chromium coating half-wavelength optics
During ITO (relative to the 550nm) spent, it will be prone to a reflection with yellow tone.
Table 2
Table 3 summarizes for various tin indium oxides (ITO) second surface conductive electrode valve shades of colour feature, i.e. a*；
b*；C*；(A10) including Y direct reflection.The data comprised in this table represent by by the thickness of ITO from the pact of 1/2 wavelength
65% value changing to about result produced by 100%.
Table 3
For the material of transparent second surface conductive electrode, typically there is the refractive index of about 1.9 or bigger.?
Know, by utilizing many times of plates of half-wavelength thickness, utilize the thinnest layer that can apply, or by utilizing " non-flash
Glass structure ", color is reduced to bottom line to the impact of these conductive electrode materials.The structure of non-flash will typically
Utilize high and low index layer (such as, to see Roy Gordond United States Patent (USP) in the lower section of the conductive coating of high index of refraction
U.S.Patent No.4,377,613 and U.S.Patent No.4,419.386), or, an intermediate-index layer is (see Roy
The United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.4 of Gordon, 308,216) or utilize the index layer of classification (such as, to see Roy
The United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.4 of Gordon, 440,822), in order to the impact of color is preferably minimized limit.
Utilize the partially transmissive layer of the thinnest chromium adjacent with glass, in order to provide and be possibly used for having more preferably than chromium
The metal of reflectance compare more preferable adhesion strength, the described metal for having more preferable reflectance than chromium, such as have platinum group
Metal (PGM) (that is, iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium and ruthenium), silver, aluminum and these metals alloy each other, such as Yin-golden, artificial in vain
Gold or other metal.Time after the attached layer of increasing that these other metal or alloy are placed in fractional transmission, it will realize second
The reflectance that some of material is improved.The material utilizing the durability improving spectral filter covers coating spectral filtering equipment
Material, no matter it is to contact with transparent conductive protecting layer, or directly directly contacts with electro-optical medium, can be all useful.Should
Working as understanding, reflector can be dichroism lamination.Spectral filter material can include a kind of single material, such as chromium, or
Person can also include the lamination of material, such as: 1) chromium, rhodium, ITO；2) molybdenum；3) chromium, rhodium, TC；4) chromium, platinum group metal, ITO；5)
ITO, silver, ITO；6) ITO, silver alloy, ITO；7) Zno, silver/silver alloy, ZnO；8) transparent conductor, solid metal reflector, transparent lead
Body；Silicon, ITO and 9) silicon, ZnO.
Particularly, the aluminum directly contacted with electro-optical medium, when standing repeatedly to colour/clarify circulation, it is intended to degenerates.?
Verified, chromium protective layer can improve its durability.When utilizing ITO protective layer, the such material of such as silicon, can improve ITO
And and the close substrate of glass between bond strength.Can apply other material, such as platinum group metal (PGM) (that is, iridium, osmium,
Palladium, platinum, rhodium and ruthenium), in order to improve adhesive force, reflection, electric conductivity, electrode stability, they any one, they
Part combination or combinations thereof, feature.
As disclosed in superincumbent figure and table, the thickness of ITO can be selected, in order to the reflected colour needed for generation.As
Really ITO coating the thinnest 25%, i.e. replacing 1,140Ang. is about 1,120Ang..Then cause more blue tone, lower b*.But
This also will reduce the electrical conductivity of ITO coating.The reflectance of coating also will be slightly higher than traditional half-wavelength optical thickness
The reflectance of coating, in the traditional case, minimum reflectance is positioned near 550nm.
If the thickness of ITO to be increased to some ITO being reached to blueness plus chromium lamination from 1/2 wavelength, due to heavy
The change of the thickness during Ji and/or the difference due to visual angle in actual applications, color is more prone to skew.Sink wittingly
Amass into the ITO coating thinner than 1/2 wave optical thickness, from the discussion above, as shown in table 2, cover coating when utilizing chromium
Time, also show that relatively low fog-level.
Can utilize the option including spheric reflection that can obtain on some reflective spectrophotometer, measure coating it
Between difference.It is essential that check this measurement really to measure scattered light and be not mainly a small amount of reflex components.Typically
Ground, the light of shorter wavelength is easier to scattering.When being used for determining that whether a given reading is real desired measured
The intensity of scattered light time, the fact that be a good index.MacBeath Color Eye 7000 is a kind of light splitting light
Degree meter, in this, it can provide a good result to fuzzy measurement.
As used herein, it should term " dim " and " obscuring " are understood as referring to the property of scattering in the film
Matter, or the character of non-mirror reflection.Can cause dim by a series of factor, including: in the layer of non-complete oxidation, layer
The size of crystal, the roughness on surface, the character at interface of layer, the cleaning quality of substrate, they part combination and they
Combination.
These character can be different because of processing conditions and/or the difference of material.Particularly, for processing conditions really
So, even if because a processing " batch " of coating or within once " feeding ", fog-level also can change.Although
So, during for utilizing chromium cover the ITO layer of coating and observed by glass, in spite of with and without color suppression lining
Layer or anti-flash of light lining, compared with the coating utilizing the Tec15 glass from Libbey Owens Ford to be similarly achieved, all
The coating that fog-level is much smaller can be formed.
Lining can be utilized aluminum oxide as, be adapted to assist in the tone controlling spectral filter material lamination, and produce
The oxide mixture of appropriate refractive index.Utilize ITO and SiO2And/or the mixture of SiO is as the lining of ITO, for control
The tone of the spectral filter material lamination that system is obtained is particularly advantageous.Ceramic target is utilized to be often regarded as energy for ITO
Enough tightened up machining control is carried out for character such as such as film thicknesses.The oxidation including ITO and SI and/or SI can be utilized
The sputtering target of the mixture of state.This lining makes it possible to utilize the coating system of tandem potentially, this system with
Between deposition lining and the negative electrode of ITO layer, air-flow does not completely cuts off with suction or intermediary's door.SiO2At least up to percent
Several ITO and SiO2Mixture will keep enough electrical conductivity so that without carrying out RF (radio frequency) sputtering.Radio frequency (RF) sputters
With intermediate frequency (MF) sputtering or direct current (DC) sputtering compared with, often require that electric insulation and impedance matching, be contained in one thin
Film coating system is not the simplest.
Due to according to regulations, it is desirable to the reflectance of 35% (being 40% in a lot of European countries) vehicle mirrors, (electro-optical glass
The clear state of element), in order to make neighboring area be included in the visual field, need to carry out calculating to have such reflectance water
Flat.Tec glass 15 is provided with in the data of chromium, it is impossible to meet this minima.
The stannum oxide using the doped with fluorine of measurable fuzzy CVD deposition is known, and this stannum oxide is for electricity
A part for the anti-flashing structure of optical device.It is known for providing the various thickness of the ITO of conductive electrode.In the past and do not know
Road can control tin indium oxide conductive electrode and the b* of chromium spectral filter material lamination in advance by changing the thickness of ITO.As
Shown in table 1, compared with ITO deposition situation on alumina, heavy with the pyrolysis of anti-flashing structure when utilizing chromium to cover coating
During stannum oxide (Tec15 being made up of L.O.F) of long-pending doped with fluorine, the fuzzyyest.
In the embodiment that spectral filter material is positioned near first surface, it can be advantageous to by first surface and the 3rd
Or the Distance Shortened that the 4th between surface is to minimum.When being transitioned on spectral filter material from main reflector, reflector with
Distance between first surface is the biggest, and the discontinuity in the picture reflected by element is the biggest.Along with the increase at visual angle, this is asked
Topic will increase the weight of.
It is positioned at the near the coating that the second surface of element and the most hydrophilic coating etc. are additional in spectral filter material
In embodiment on one surface, the optical property of two kinds of coatings will affect the outward appearance of the periphery of device, and may require
Layer is adjusted, in order to obtain optimal periphery outward appearance.At the electricity with hydrophilic coating as described in following patent documentation
In the case of optical element, the reflectance that first surface coating is had, second surface spectral filtering the most described here
The reflectance of the preferred embodiment of equipment material, wherein, described patent documentation is: United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patents 6,447,123,
6,193,378 and 6,816,297, entire contents is here cited as list of references.This will result in the tone of device periphery
And/or colourity is more dependent on second surface coating rather than the coating depending on first surface.Even so, particularly
Color selecting is become respectively from close to perceive the yellow that to blue, the transition point of+b* to-b* or respectively from close to
When redness arrives the transition point of green ,+a* to-a*, these difference are tended to become to perceive out more easily.When attempting
When the tone of the tone of spectral filter material Yu the entire field of reflector is matched, when compared with the visual field of whole element
Time, by implementing teachings here, can avoid causing from more yellow to less Huang or from less blue to more blue transformation
Material in little difference.The similar contrast in redness or green tone can be controlled.
The description of example mirror element
The particularly advantageous component structure consistent with Figure 61 A-61C and 62, including the first base of the glass of about thick 1.6mm
Sheet, this substrate has thickness and is about the tin indium oxide conductive electrode of 0.4 wavelength (about the 80% of 1/2 wavelength), and this conductive electrode leads to
Cross sputtering to be applied on the most whole second surface.To the part at major general the first turning, edge and the second turning
Reason so that the material of about 0.25 inch is removed from second surface, the material of about 0.5 inch is removed from first surface.
It will be apparent that in processing procedure, a part for conductive electrode is removed.Will aboutThe spectral filter material of thick chromium,
The periphery of the close conductive electrode of the first substrate it is applied to the width of about 4.5mm.By thickness aboutPlatinum group metal
(PGM) the conductive stable material of (that is, iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium and ruthenium), is applied to leaning on of the first substrate with the width of about 2.0cm
The periphery of nearly spectral filter material.Utilize first area of isolation of one 0.025mm the widest of laser-induced thermal etching, this region band
One is had to be parallel to primary seal material region the part extended within its width, in order to by the first and second conductive electrodes
Partly, spectral filter material part and increasing enclosure material part substantially electric insulation.Second glass of one thickness about 1.6mm is provided
Substrate, this substrate has the conductive electrode of about thick 0.5 wavelength on the most whole 3rd surface.Utilize laser-induced thermal etching one
Second area of isolation of wide about 0.025mm, this region is with a portion that is parallel with primary seal material and that extend in its width
Point, in order to substantially by the third and fourth conductive electrode portion electric insulation.Near the 3rd substantially limited by primary seal
Conductive electrode portion, coating is about thickThe reflecting material of chromium.Near substantially being limited by the inside edge of primary seal
The reflecting material gone out, coating thickness is aboutAlternative cover layer of ruthenium.A kind of primary seal material including epoxy is provided
Material, described epoxy has aliphatic cyclic amine firming agent and the substantially spherical glass bead of about 155 μm, in order to by the first and second tables
Face is fixed with the relation being spaced apart from each other, to limit a chamber.By the plug open in primary seal material in chamber,
Between the first conductive electrode portion and alternative seal coat, it is provided that substantially rigid polymeric matrix electric light is situated between
Matter, described electro-optical medium United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patents as is well known 6,248,263,6,407,847 and 6, enter in 671,080
Going instruction, the full content of these patent documentations is here cited as list of references.Utilize the material of ultraviolet curing, logical
Cross the third and fourth surface ultraviolet and irradiate the bottom of connector, plug open is sealed shut.By eyes front the 4th table
Element is observed in face, checks the primary seal material and plug material being cured.Enclosure material part, the 3rd conductive electrode portion is increased second
Dividing between the first conductive clamp, near the outer ledge of primary seal material, applying conductive material, this conductive material includes Bisphenol F
Epoxy functional resin, its viscosity is about 4000cp, and this resin includes that viscosity is about 60cp aliphatic cyclic amine firming agent, and tap density is about
The silver-colored thin slice of 9 μm it is about for 3g/cc, average particle size.By this same conductive material first increase enclosure material part, the
Between four conductive electrode portion and the second conductive clamp, it is applied on the outer ledge of primary seal material.At conductive clamp and
Between 4th surface of two substrates, binding material two-sided, pressure-sensitive is set.First and second conductive clamps are being placed it
After, conductive material is solidified.Before applying conductive material, primary seal material is partially cured；Other primary seal material
Solidify consistent with the solidification of conductive material with the solidification of conductive material.This solidification process desirably prevents the distortion of element,
And improve relevant adhesion strength, sealing and conductive characteristic all sidedly.
The description providing this example mirror element is for the purpose illustrated, and should in no way be construed so as the present invention's
The restriction of scope.As described in whole this specification, for given element and relevant rearview mirror molectron
Each parts, has a lot of modification.
Spectral filtering equipment at the highly reflective having between the second surface and primary seal being coated on the first substrate
In the embodiments of the invention of material, it has proved that, the spacer materia utilizing special selection is to have for eliminating the distortion of pearl
Profit.In pearl encapsulant, typically add bead, in order to control between the substrate of the chamber that formation accommodates electro-optical medium
Interval.The function that " cell " that the diameter being preferably essentially spherical bead is intended to obtain is spaced.
In the electro-optical device with two transparent substrates, bead plays a part distance piece, wherein, one well
Individual transparent anterior substrate and a reflector are arranged on surface 3 or 4.With being positioned on first surface or being positioned at the first base
In the device of the spectral filter material in sheet, these distance pieces also work well with.But, when by spectral filter material
When primary seal and second surface coating, typical glass partition pearl in chromium spectral filter material, produce " indenture "
Or little distortion, and in the sealing area of the mirror element obtained, these indentures can be seen.These are recessed
Trace also can be seen in the mirror element with the 3rd surface, but, only it is look at the 4th surface observation mirror
During element, just can see them.When observing once after being installed on vehicle, see not in the mirror element obtained
The indenture on these the 3rd surfaces in reflector.
On the contrary, when spectral filter material is near second surface and when covering primary seal material region, can be easy to
See these indentures.These indentures are produced by the high stress areas near glass partition pearl at least in part.Typically, primary seal
Material includes substantially rigid heat curing epoxy；Preferably include aliphatic cyclic amine firming agent.The solidification temperature of epoxy material is usually
More than 150 degrees Celsius.Normally used glass-ceramic pearl (low thermal coefficient of expansion) and epoxy material (high thermal expansion coefficient) it
Between, its thermal expansion usually has significant difference.When sealing member is at high temperature coagulation and solidification, at least of glass partition pearl
Point with the second of close substrate and the 3rd the top material of lamination of each material on surface contact.Cold along with mirror element
But, in sealing member cure cycle below, encapsulant carries out the contraction more much bigger than spacer beads, and stress is sent out around spacer beads
Exhibition, produces region or the indenture of distortion in material laminate.When substrate includes instead on the surface contacted with primary seal material
During emitter, the region of these distortions, or indenture is visually clearly.
Multiple method can be utilized to eliminate the region of these distortions.The primary seal having more elasticity or flexibility can be utilized
Material, these materials substantially will not set up high stress areas.The distance piece that more can compress can be utilized so that when stress is sent out
Zhan Shi, distance piece stretches.Rupturable distance piece can also be utilized so that distance piece ruptures when primary seal material curing, with
Just local stress is discharged.Can utilize the room temperature with low cure shrinkage or low temperature curing sealing material, this will eliminate and heat
Expand relevant stress, or this stress is reduced to greatest extent.The encapsulant of thermal expansion more tight fit can be utilized
And distance piece, in order to eliminate the stress relevant to thermal expansion or be reduced to bottom line, such as, using plastic spacers pearl
And plastic encapsulating material, ceramic space pearl and ceramic sealing material, or containing thermal expansion modified fillers therefor encapsulant
And/or spacer beads.If using suitable manufacturing method to control the gap (" cell " is spaced) of element, can take simultaneously
Disappear the spacer beads in encapsulant.For example, it is possible to the interval of the such as PMMA pearl being dissolved in electro-optical medium or fiber etc.
Medium, is applied to be positioned on the region within primary seal, in order to control the gap of element during encapsulant solidifies.
Element substrate is kept separating by the mode that can also utilize machinery, until sealing member solidifies.
Example 1 is with the primary seal of distance piece
Utilize Dow 431 novolac epoxy resin of 96 parts by weight, 4 parts of Fumed silica and 4 parts of 2-
Ethyl-4-methylimidazole manufactures heat curing epoxy masterbatch.Add the following spacer materia of by weight 2 parts to above-mentioned mother
In the fraction of material.Then a small amount of this epoxy/distance piece mixture is placed in one 1 " × 2 " × 0.085 " thick coating
On the glass of chromium so that epoxy mixture contacts with chromium reflector.Will coating ITO 1 " × 1 " × 0.085 " sheet glass be placed in
Top, and glass sandwich is clamped so that sheet glass bottoms out, on the part material of arrival interval.About the most Celsius 180
Spend and element is solidified about 15 minutes.Subsequently, once element returns to room temperature, watches chromium, with visual inspection indenture, just looks like it
As over surface 2.
Example 2 primary seal material
Utilize the heat curing epoxy of example 1 plus 140um bead, cause the most serious it can be seen that indenture pattern.
Example 3 primary seal material
The epoxy utilizing the heat cure of example 1 adds plastic bead, and (Techpolymer, Grade XX-264-Z, 180um are average
Particle size, Sekisui Plastics Co.Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), do not cause it can be seen that indenture pattern.
Example 4 primary seal material
The heat curing epoxy utilizing example 1 adds that (Trilene, diameter 140um single fiber silk thread cut into 450um to plastic optical fibre
Length, Berkley, Spring Lake, IA), do not cause it can be seen that indenture pattern.
Example 5 primary seal material
Utilize the heat curing epoxy of example 1 plus hollow ceramic pearl (Envirospheres, 165um average particle size,
Envirospheres PTY Ltd., lindfield, Australia), cause the slightest still acceptable permissible
The indenture pattern seen.
Example 6 primary seal material
Utilize the epoxy of cold curing, at room temperature, Yu Yizhou do not cause the indenture pattern that can be seen later.
Example 7 primary seal material
Utilize during two parts of beades (140um) add the binding agent of ultraviolet curing to by weight, this binding agent future
From in Dymax Corporation, Torrington CT d Dymax 628, and as described above this binding agent is compressed to
Between two glass substrates, cause very slight but acceptable it can be seen that indenture pattern.This binding agent is in room
Temperature ultraviolet curing.
Insulant
Turn now to Figure 64 A-I, represent selective contact second and the 3rd surface conductive electrode part 1705,1710
The various options of specific part.As it would be appreciated, the structure of Figure 62 cause conductive material with each second and the 3rd
At least some of contact of surface conductive electrode part.
Spectral filter material 1715 and the conductive electrode portion electric insulation of first surface conductive electrode can be will be close to
A kind of method be spectral filter material at least some of on organic or inorganic insulant coating cover.
When by mask, the spectral filter material such as such as chromium metal (such as, being passed through vacuum during painting work
Sputtering or evaporation) be applied to second surface transparent conductive body top on time, can pass through in same technical process
One mask is coated with nonconducting coating, in order to by the second conductive electrode in conductive seal region and the 3rd conductive electrode electricity
Insulation.
Example 1 insulant: spectral filter material include metal, metal alloy, metal level, metal alloy layer or they
Combination, such as chromium, molybdenum, rustless steel or aluminum, rhodium, platinum, palladium, silver/gold, white gold and ruthenium, usually the increasing at such as chromium is attached
The top of material, by mask vacuum deposition to transparent conductive body (such as ITO), in order to cover sealing area.Can utilize
Mask is by insulant such as such as silicon, silicon dioxide, chromium oxide, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, zirconium oxide or yittrium oxide
It is applied to the top of metal level, in order to by desired spectral filter material region and other current-carrying part electric insulation.This
Electrically insulating material is not coated with the part of spectral filter material or needs the receiving of electric conductivity/electric conductivity and promote material
In part, or from these parts, electrically insulating material is removed.
A kind of method of the size reducing frame or the needs getting rid of frame is to utilize conductive material as conductive bus
Part, manufacture a kind of there is no between the periphery edge of the first and second substrates skew element.In order to use
Preferably conductive material, needs on surface, to generate the insulated part of conductive material second and/or the 3rd.If each table
One part in face underlapped region by insulation if, second and the 3rd surface will be electrically short-circuited to each other by conductive material.The
Three surfaces can be to be electrically insulated in the side of element, second surface by be element to or sides adjacent exhausted by electricity
Edge.Preferably, laser is utilized to remove conductive material from desired region.Separation by laser is preferably located in the conduction material of element
Material and and visible active region between.It is highly preferred that area of isolation is so arranged, i.e. make negative electrode deposit time different with anode
It is to contact on same surface and with electro-optical medium.When anode and negative electrode be positioned on same surface, add be positioned at adjacent
When an anode on surface or a negative electrode, it will present the color of the slowly erasing of residual along area of isolation.Additionally, it is right
In be positioned between sealing member and area of isolation second surface and the 3rd surface on anode, the color produced by anode is being led
It is can be observable between encapsulant and area of isolation.Similarly, if a negative electrode is in primary seal material and isolation area
Be positioned between territory on the 3rd surface and second surface, by negative electrode produce color be can be from area of isolation and primary seal material
Before between visible.
In the mirror element with spectral filter material between observer and primary seal material, one can be included
Area of isolation.With the spectral filter material being positioned on first surface, mirror element can be made to about not including
Almost identical described by the element of spectral filter material.When spectral filter material is near second surface, when viewing the
During one surface, area of isolation is can be observable.
One typical its width of laser-defined area of isolation is between 0.007-0.010 inch.By by this isolation
It is wide that 0.002-0.005 inch is made in region, and it will become seldom to arouse attention.Area of isolation is preferably located in primary seal material district
In territory, and by the extension of element, in order to a big electric contact area is provided.When area of isolation is positioned at primary seal material district
During the top in territory, color or the transparency of sealing member can be regulated, in order to help to stash area of isolation.Can by every
In the figure being attached in mirror element from region or text.Disclaimer area of isolation can being attached in mirror element
In, it is included in manufacturer's emblem mark, or in other figure and/or text.Should be appreciated that can be along spectral filter material
Inward flange laser rays is set.In such an embodiment, the major part of laser rays is invisible, because laser rays is and spectrum
The edge of filter material coincide.After the electro-optical medium on same substrate is removed, it may appear that the face of some remnants
Color, but, after the region of overwhelming majority coloring is hidden into spectral filter material from sight line.Only it can be seen that laser
Line part is to penetrate the short line segment by antermarginal spectral filter material in two places.
It is between conductive material and surface to be insulated, utilize non-conductive layer by another method of conductive material separation,
Such as, the thin layer of the compression of dielectric ink or nonconducting epoxy resin or other resin.Utilize near the 3rd surface
Area of isolation be probably more satisfactory because watch first surface time, area of isolation be it cannot be seen that.By utilizing
Nonconducting epoxy resin on second surface, it is not necessary to the first area of isolation.When second surface has spectral filter material
Time, this is especially desirable.By diluting nonconducting epoxy, it is possible to obtain the thinnest layer.This is critically important, because must
Enough areas must be provided so that applying conductive material.Preferably, nonconducting epoxy is the most quick-setting.Such as, will
Material is placed in a 85c baking oven about two minutes.If nonconducting epoxy is completely crued and is partly to cover one
If individual with main relevant spacer beads contacts, undesirable, a uneven little interventricular septum may be produced.Pass through
Non electrically conductive material is not fully cured, and during final solidification, spacer beads will be easier to penetrate, without shadow layer
Ring little interventricular septum.
By extending the 3rd surface conductive electrode at least under primary seal material region and on the second periphery edge
A part, can form an external electrical to the 3rd surface of the electro-optic mirror element with second surface spectral filter material
Connect.When being coated (such as vacuum sputtering) on the edge at one block of glass, at a sharp-pointed edge or coarse table
On face, the electric conductivity of coating can reduce, coating process also will not typically on the side or edge of glass provide one resistance to
The coating of property for a long time.Electric conductivity is not lost, in the turning of substrate and/or the good seam at edge or throwing in order to accomplish this point
Light is helpful to for providing the smooth transition from the 3rd surface to edge.The most polished coarse lapped face,
Under the coating thickness on typical 3rd surface, there is relatively low electric conductivity.Surface and getting over from the 3rd extrorse mistake in surface
Smooth, electric conductivity is the best.In coating process install one for coated glass edge sputtering target for provide evenly and
Durable coating is also helpful to.
Extend it is conceivable that coating may cross glass edge, and extend to the back side of glass to the 3rd surface
On be electrically connected with on the back side being likely to be formed mirror element.Reflexive 3rd surface is typically than second surface conduction electricity
The electric conductivity of pole is higher, it is thus possible to need not conductive material.Therefore, it can be assigned to primary seal material substrate always
On edge.Only the 3rd surfacing can be made to extend on edge in side.To substrate can include an area of isolation
With the conductive material on the 3rd surface because it is invisible.
For extending to the 3rd surfacing on substrate edge, it is possible to use a L-shaped folder replaces J-shaped folder, because this
In there is no need to be inserted into clip portion second and the 3rd between surface.L-shaped folder only need to grow to the conduction enough and on edge
Part contact.The epoxy that can utilize conduction is attached on the 3rd surface, is attached on L-shaped folder on edge.Can be by
Pressure-sensitive binding agent is used in the back side of L-shaped folder, in order to be fixed on the 4th surface.
Form electrical connection on the 3rd surface and be to utilize electrically conductive ink with the another kind of method of second surface insulation
Or the 3rd surface is connected on edge by epoxy.Electrically conductive ink or epoxy are diluted and is applied to contact with the 3rd surface
On the edge of substrate, and do not contact with second surface.Utilize the conductive epoxy of dilution, can such applying conductive path, i.e. make
Must edge or on the back side of mirror element formed contact.L-shaped folder can be utilized to contact with suitable position and solidify.?
In solidification process, it is possible to use L-shaped folder is fixed on suitable position by pressure-sensitive binding agent, and connection wire is utilized to disappear
Except strain.
Such as mention in other place here, set up second and the 3rd electric contact of surface conductive electrode, involve
The coordination of a series of individually designed parts.Turn to Figure 65 A-I, figure describes the various options of conductive clamp.Say at whole
In bright book, echo mutually with conductive material, discuss the configuration of conductive clamp.
Electrical connection on the 3rd surface another method with second surface insulation be, utilize electrically conductive ink or
3rd surface is connected on edge by epoxy.Electrically conductive ink or epoxy are diluted and be applied to the base contacted with the 3rd surface
On the edge of sheet, and do not contact with second surface.Utilize the conductive epoxy of this dilution, a conductive path can be coated with, make
Must be in the formation contact, the back side of edge or mirror element.L-shaped folder can be utilized to contact with suitable position and solidify.In solidification
During, it is possible to use L-shaped folder is fixed on suitable position by pressure-sensitive binding agent, and utilizes connection wire to eliminate
Strain.
Such as mention in other place here, set up second and the 3rd electric contact of surface conductive electrode, typically
Involve the coordination of a series of individually designed parts.Turn to Figure 65 A-I, figure describes the various options of conductive clamp.Whole
In individual this specification, echo mutually with conductive material, discuss the configuration of conductive clamp.
A kind of preferably conductive material includes 27.0g Dow354 resin-Bisphenol F epoxy functional resin.Viscosity is preferably
For～the 9.03g Air Products Ancamine2049-aliphatic cyclic amine firming agent of 4000cP.Viscosity is preferably～60cP,
164g AmesGoldshith LCP1-19VS silver-a kind of silver thin slice, the tap density of this silver thin slice is～3g/cc, average particle
Sub-size～6 microns.
As described herein, at least one embodiment includes the peripheral periphery material around element.A kind of preferred
Periphery material includes the 120g Dymax being added with some filleies, and (described filler is, 0.40g can be from Ames
The 6-24 silver thin slice that Goldshmith obtains, the glass flake of 1.0g silver coating is (i.e., it is possible to obtain from Potters industries
Conduct-o-fil), the SK-5 glass-filled agent can pulverized from the 12.0g that Schott glass obtains or they
Combination, and pulverize into the powder sieved by 325 mesh).Multiple technologies can be utilized the coating of this material to be led on the edge of mirror.
A kind of technology is to be loaded into by material in the syringe of the 30cc with syringe needle (～18 bores).Pin can be taken along vertical position
To so that utilize air pressure (< 50psi) to be assigned on the edge of element by periphery material, simultaneously robot arm or other
On machinery, element is mechanically rotated.Then the skirt materials ultraviolet curing can being coated with.Can be at 20 seconds
Clock or reach to be fully cured in less time.Robot can be utilized when it is cured to be rotated by element, prevent sagging.
The purpose of periphery material is: protection bus agent；By hidden for the parts such as conductive material, clip, sealing member, glass edge
Conceal；Protect the cut edge of glass and the most attracting outward appearance of a kind of mirror element is provided.Passed by utilization
The plastic frame of system, metal o-ring, elastic peripheral frame etc. can also reach this purpose.
The most different material (such as epoxy, organosilicon, urethanes, acrylic resin, rubber, hot melt adhesives
Agent) and curing mechanism may be used for this edge treated.Preferably curing is ultraviolet radiation.If, with for ultraviolet
If opaque filler, dyestuff or the pigment etc. of line part, it is possible to use ultraviolet and the combination of heat cure.Such as glass
The filler such as glass or reflexive silver, by transmission, scattering or internal reflection, helps ultraviolet to penetrate, for the good degree of depth
Solidification is preferred.Preferably, periphery material has the color of Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt or is similar to the outward appearance of the glass edge ground, or
Its color is dark-coloured or black.By utilizing organic dyestuff, Muscovitum, the Muscovitum of dipping, pigment and other filler, can
To change color.By selecting different filleies and the amount of different filleies, can reach dark, more like Linesless charcoal outside
See.The less glass pulverized will make the color of above-mentioned formula become darker and tarnish.Only with edge resin-bonding
Agent has the glass (or thin slice or other glass particle) pulverized of different refractive indexs, will provide the glass edge of grinding
Or the outward appearance at coarse (glass) round edge processing edge.Some additive is bigger than the Media density comprising them.Can add
The silicon dioxide of vapor deposition, to help prevent heavier composition (metal and glass particle) to precipitate；The steam of 2% by weight
Deposition silicon dioxide is sufficient in a preferred method.
Other method periphery material being applied on element edge include utilizing roller, take turns, brush, scraper or shape shovel,
Injection or printing.
The periphery edge material for outside vehicle purposes is selected preferably to meet following touchstone.These master dies
Intend the external environment condition relevant to typical motor vehicles: (2500kJ in ultraviolet (UV) aging test machine) of UV stable-when
When being directly exposed in ultraviolet, material is non-yellowing or does not ruptures, without be full of cracks；Thermostability-color seldom changes or constant
Change, there is no adhesion loss；Moisture-proof-color seldom changes or does not changes, and does not has adhesion loss；Thermal cycle-do not have
Adhesion loss, does not ruptures；CASS or salt fog-protection underlying metal coating and conductive epoxy system；Adhesive force is not had to damage
Lose and do not have the sign seen that bottom corrodes and water under high pressure test-at element after above-mentioned test, do not have
Adhesion loss.
The periphery edge material for automobile external application is selected preferably to meet following test standard.A little standard analogs
The external environment condition relevant to typical vehicle: (2500kJ in ultraviolet (UV) aging test machine) of UV stable-when the most sudden and the most violent
When being exposed in ultraviolet, material is non-yellowing or does not ruptures, without be full of cracks；Thermostability-color seldom changes or does not changes, and does not has
There is adhesion loss；Moisture-proof-color seldom changes or does not changes, and does not has adhesion loss；Thermal cycle-do not have adhesive force
Loss, does not ruptures；CASS or salt fog-protection underlying metal coating and conductive epoxy system；Do not have adhesion loss and
There is no the sign seen that bottom corrodes and water under high pressure test-at element after above-mentioned test, there is no adhesive force
Loss.
With further reference to Figure 64 A-I, the various embodiments of the structure of expression second and the 3rd surface electrode contact.Figure 64 A
Represent in addition to there is first surface lamination and/or the 4th surface stack, with similar in other local structure discussed here
Structure.Here " lamination " word refers to the material of a given surface configuration near substrate.Preferably, first surface
Lamination is selected from hydrophilic coating, as at known United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.6, described in 816,297, this patent
Full content is here cited as list of references.Preferably, second, third and the 4th surface stack are as here or public
The United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patent No.5 known, disclosed in 818,625, wherein, described entire contents of US patents is at this
In be cited as list of references.
In one embodiment, first surface lamination includes at least four refractive index height layer alternately.Specifically,
One surface stack can include successively: ground floor, the second layer with low-refraction with high index of refraction, has high index of refraction
Third layer and there is the 4th layer of low-refraction.Preferably, third layer photoactivation material is made, and the 4th layer of utilization can improve
The material of the hydrophilic nmature of photocatalysis layer is made, and this material improves hydrophilic by producing hydroxyl in its surface.The increasing being suitable for
The material of strongly hydrophilic includes SiO2And Al2O3, SiO2It is most preferred.The catalysis material being suitable for includes: TiO2、ZnO、
ZnO2、SnO2、ZnS、CdS、CdSe、Nb2O5、KTaNbO3、KTaO3、SrTiO3、WO3、Bi2O3、Fe2O3And GaP, TiO2It is optimum
Choosing.By forming TiO2And SiO2Outermost layer, first surface lamination presents good self-cleaning hydrophilic nmature, with
The character that the hydrophilic coating being applied in the prior art on traditional mirror obtains is similar to, wherein, and described traditional mirror tool
There is the reflector on a rear surface being arranged on single front glass element.Preferably, SiO2The thickness of outer layer is less thanEven more preferably less thanMore preferably less thanIf SiO2Outer layer is the thickest (such as, greater than about).The photocatalysis layer of bottom at least during the short time in SiO " can not be cleaned "2Hydrophilic outer layer.A reality
Execute in example, it is provided that two additional layers (ground floor and the second layer), for reducing need not on the front surface of mirror element
The level of reflectance, and provide the color compensating/suppression of any necessity, in order to the coloring of the mirror desired by offer.Preferably
, ground floor photoactivation material is made, and the second layer is made with hydrophilic reinforcing material, in order to contribute to the hydrophilic of coating and light is urged
Change character.Thus, ground floor can be made with any catalysis material described above or their mixture, and second
Layer can be made with the hydrophilic reinforcing material of any one described above or their mixture.Preferably, ground floor is used
TiO2Make, second layer SiO2Make.
Figure 64 B represents a kind of insulant of employing, substantially by conductive epoxy with corresponding second and/or the 3rd surface fold
At least some of electric insulation of layer.
Figure 64 C represents to use on surface stack corresponding second and/or the 3rd and there is no conductive electrode material
Region, in order to substantially by conductive material electric insulation.
Figure 64 D-H represents anode and negative electrode various to the structure of the second and the 3rd connection on surface conductive electrode respectively
Embodiment.Preferably, the sheet resistance of the 3rd surface electrode is less than the sheet resistance of second surface conductive electrode.Thus, negative electrode
Contact area can be substantially less than positive contact region.Should be appreciated that in certain embodiments, the connection of anode and negative electrode can
With reverse.
The structure of Figure 64 I may be used for manufacturing one does not has frame or the rearview mirror molectron having very narrow borders, this backsight
Mirror molectron does not include spectral filter.If perimeter seal and electrode contact device 1790i are substantially to mirror
Edge moves, and does not the most require that spectral filter is to cover sealing member/contact area.When the manufacture for mirror element uses this
During the method for kind, under dazzle bar environment, mirror element is the most dimmed up to periphery edge.In this approach, sealing member
Can be significantly from mirror substrate 1, surface 2 and substrate 2, surface with the most areas of contact area or all of region
The periphery of 3 moves on the edge of substrate 1 and substrate 2.
In at least one embodiment, the top of the first substrate and the bottom margin of the second substrate utilize the ring of conduction
Oxygen applies, in order to electric conductivity transferred on substrate edge from the conductive electrode of each substrate.Conductive epoxy is preferably used
Following formula is prepared: 3.3g D.E.R.354 epoxy resin (DowChemical, Midland, MI), 1.12g Ancamine
2049 (Air Products and Chemicals, Reading PA) and 20.5g silver thin slices, its average particle size is 7um,
Tap density is 3.0-4.0g/cc, and they are sufficiently mixed uniformly paste.
By conductive epoxy mixture by enough dilution with toluene, in order to generate and low viscous can be easily applied to substrate
Conductive paint on edge.Over-coated substrate is put in the baking oven of 60C 15 to 20 minutes, in order to toluene is volatilized.
The filling uniform ring oxygen layer sparse with conducting particles (Z-axle electric conductor) is applied to 0.001 " on thick Copper Foil.Z
Axle epoxy (5JS69E) is prepared in the following manner: 18g D.E.N.438,2g D.E.N.431 (Dow Chemical, Midland,
MI), 1.6g US-206 Fumed silica (Degussa Corporation, Dublin, Oh), 6.68g
Ancamine2049 and 10.0g silver thin slice FS28 (Johnson Matthy, Royston, Hertfordshire, UK) is mixed into
Uniform paste.Silver thin slice has the tap density of 2.3g/cc, and average all particle sizes of 23um.Consolidating of this epoxy formulation
The thin film changed becomes in z-axis conduction, is nonconducting at x or y-axis.The epoxy this z-axis conducted electricity is with enough toluene
Or THF solvent dilution, in order to generating a suitable viscosity, this viscosity is suitable for being launched into thin uniform thickness on Copper Foil
Degree.Then solvent is volatilized in 60C baking oven about 5 minutes.The epoxy stayed after solvent volatilizees slightly feels thickness.By two bases
The justified margin of sheet, essentially without skew.Utilize the PMMA pearl of precise measure as distance piece, accurately keep between substrate
Gap.On the end extending across two substrates and little interventricular septum, use polyimides wide for a fritter about 2mm thin
Film resin band.After assembling, the most at last Kapton resin strip is removed from cell, by not by gathering that epoxy soaks
Imide membrane resin strip is used as charging port.Then the Copper Foil with conductive epoxy is placed on the periphery edge of element so that
Epoxy soaks the edge of two substrates completely.Then element is solidified 15 minutes in 200C in an oven.After solidification, at copper
On paper tinsel, form little interval in every side, in order to by the Copper Foil electric insulation of the Copper Foil of element crests Yu component base.Copper Foil covers
Kapton resin strip, and Kapton resin strip is removed.To produce by removing Kapton resin strip
Raw opening is for packing elements.Then with the binding agent of ultraviolet curing, this opening is blocked.The opening of oncoming lane is also used
The binding agent blocking of ultraviolet curing, but it is to block before filling.
Figure 65 A-N represents the various embodiments of the structure about conductive clamp.Usually, each shown conductive clamp limits
Substantially one " J " shape cross section.
The embodiment of Figure 65 A represents the solder bump being fixed thereon with electric binding post.Real at least one
Execute in example, make the first and second conductive clamps with a support plate (as described in detail by here) combination, in order to form one and " insert
Head " electric connector of type.
Figure 65 B represents a series of holes at least partially through first clamp part, it is simple to and conductive material machinery and/
Or electrical contact.
Figure 65 B represents the conductive clamp with the 4th clip portion, this partially defined go out a solder pot, for will lead
Wire bonding is connected on clip.
Figure 65 C-E represents the various clip structure including electrical connection projection.Figure 65 E represents the Part III by clip
The a series of holes extended, it is provided that stress release region, in order to be suitable for the change of the thermal coefficient of expansion of material.
Figure 65 F represents the part swelled together with wire flanging on clip, for being entered with element conductive contact areas
Row space is isolated.
Figure 65 G-K represents the clip structure of the various replacements for above-mentioned clip.
Figure 65 L represents together with four projections in the 3rd clip portion, to have two big for eliminating stress
The structure in hole.
Figure 56 M-N represents the clip structure of various replacement.
Turn now to Figure 66 A and 66B, represent that mirror element is accommodated by a carrier assemblies 1900 subsequently.This bracket group
Component includes forming an overall substantially rigid part 1901 with soft periphery clamping part 1903.Substantially rigid
Part and soft periphery clamping part can be co-molded, individually molding and be mutually bonded together, be designed to
Be friction fit into together, be designed to interference fit together, individually mold and be melt together or their group
Close.In any case, preferably soft periphery clamping part 1903 is designed to soft periphery clamping part be in arch
An interface 1909 is produced so that produce constraint near vault near most advanced and sophisticated 1907 between periphery material after top 1913
Power, as desired, element is maintained near carrier assemblies by this restraining forces at least in part.Can utilize additional
Binding material, in order to element is maintained near carrier assemblies further.Should be appreciated that at least can be in part with bonding
Material on periphery material 1960 manufactures peripheral part 1903 so that along interface 1911 at the rigid element of vault 1903
Also retentivity is produced on 1901 sides；In this case, peripheral part 1903 may not extend to dome portions, or just prolongs
Reach the rear of vault, as shown in Figure 66 B.Preferably, periphery tip 1907 is made to be slightly inclined, in order to provide one to make us pleased
Whether the fast transition arriving element, after extending to dome portions regardless of peripheral part.It is to be understood that, thus it is possible to vary periphery material
Shape, in order to provide and be arranged essentially parallel at least one edge on surface 1915, to be designed to peripheral part at vault
And between interface 1909, provide a more significant transition.
Condition after the molding of the periphery clamping part that Figure 66 C typically represents softness.Figure 66 B typically represents softness
The installation site of periphery clamping part.This installation site allows potential not the advising of soft periphery clamping part and glass contours
Then property is consistent.Figure 66 B represents the mechanical interlocking between the rigid element and the periphery clamping part of softness of bracket.This is right
It is useful for the material that expectation combines, whether through bonding or is combined by moulding process.Root
According to needs, can be spaced apart around the periphery of molectron by mechanical interlocking.Figure 66 C represents the cross section not having mechanical interlocking.Root
According to needs, it is possible to use two kinds of cross sections.Between Figure 66 B and Figure 66 C another difference is that softness periphery clamping part away from
Different from the height of the rear side of bracket.Figure 66 B by the periphery clamping part of some softness is placed between glass and bracket,
It is positioned on the position of heater/foam composition part, limits the height that soft periphery clamping part leaves the back side of bracket.This dives
The impact conditions in framework is eliminated on ground.Figure 66 C can be used to allow heater/foam composition part is placed in glass periphery
Edge on.Glass combination part is always heated to edge by permission by this.But, it may be potentially in the inside of mirror framework
Produce the condition of combinations of mirrors part collision.
Figure 67 represents the external mirror having indicator light molectron 2000 with antidetonation part.External mirror having indicator light molectron 2000, as above
Described, including: mirror element 2002, support plate 2004, the LED module 2006 being bonded on support plate 2004, localizer 2008 and frame
Frame 2010 (other parts that Figure 59 A above in conjunction describes are together).LED module 2006 includes multiple LED2012, when one turns
When curved signal is triggered, the opening that described LED is adapted to pass through in mirror element 2002 launches light.In described embodiment
In, LED module 2006 includes an outward extending elastic rod 2014 from this.Elastic rod 2014 is made and is inserted into framework
In cooperation opening 2016 in 2010.Elastic rod 2014 is made against coordinate opening 2016 side on, in order to reduce mirror
The vibration in framework 2010 of the sub-element 2002.It is further contemplated that elastic rod 2014 can also select to extend to localizer
Opening in 2008.And then, it is contemplated that LED module can have multiple bar 2014, and each bar 2014 extends to framework
2010 and/or localizer 2008 on an opening in.And then, if LED module 2006 is encased in support plate 2004, permissible
Expection, bar 2006 can extend from the room keeping LED module in support plate 2004.
Although here according to some preferred embodiments to the present invention have been described in detail, but, it is familiar with this area
Personnel can be in the case of without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is achieved a lot of remodeling and change.Thus, our purpose is, this
Invention is only limited by scope of the following claims rather than limits by the details and means describing embodiment depicted herein
Fixed.Should be appreciated that for the parts described by given accompanying drawing, can combine with other parts, in order to obtain and have
The embodiment of a lot of combinations.
Claims (58)
1. a vehicle rearview molectron, described backsight molectron includes:
Electrochromism mirror element, described mirror element includes:
Optically transparent first substrate, described first substrate include first surface, second surface and with first surface and second
First edge surface of surface contiguous, described first substrate has outer region；
Second substrate, described second substrate include the 3rd surface, the 4th surface and with the 3rd surface and the 4th surface contiguous
Second edge surface, the first substrate and the second substrate parallel and in the case of second surface and the 3rd surface are facing with each other with
The relation separated is arranged so that limit gap between the first substrate and the second substrate, when from the anterior sight of described molectron
When examining, the 4th surface is positioned at the rear portion of mirror element；
The first film lamination being deposited on the first substrate, described the first film lamination comprises the band of spectral filter material,
Described band is circumferentially disposed at described outer region；
Second pellicular cascade, described second pellicular cascade covers the core on the 3rd surface；And
It is arranged on the electrochromic media in described gap,
Wherein, described second pellicular cascade includes at least one conductive layer, described conductive layer via conductive segment at the second edge table
Face powers on and extends to the rear portion of described mirror element.
2. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 1, also includes shell mechanism, and described shell mechanism limits internal capacity
With the anterior hole corresponding to molectron, described shell mechanism is suitable to support electrochromism mirror element, wherein said molectron
Leading edge there is the radius more than 2.5mm.
3. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first substrate includes the glass edge of the grinding of rounding
Edge.
4. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 1, wherein said spectral filter material include chromium, molybdenum, rustless steel,
At least one in aluminum, rhodium, platinum, ruthenium, palladium, silver, gold and white gold.
5. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 1, wherein said the first film lamination includes and spectral filtering equipment
The transparent optical layer that the band of material is adjacent.
6. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 5, wherein said transparent optical layer and the bar of spectral filter material
Band is overlapping.
7. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged so that when from institute
When stating the anterior observation of molectron, the periphery of the second substrate is hidden in after the first substrate.
8. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 1, wherein said conductive segment includes film coating.
9. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 8, wherein said film coating is deposited on the 3rd table of the second substrate
On face, the second edge surface and the 4th surface.
10. vehicle rearview molectron as claimed in claim 8, wherein said film coating includes the second pellicular cascade at least
A part.
11. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 8, wherein said the first film lamination electrically extends via conductive component
To the 4th surface.
12. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 11, wherein said conductive component includes the first folder.
13. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 11, also include the conducting element being bonded on the 4th surface, described
Conducting element and described film coating electric connection.
14. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 5, wherein from the spectral filter material of described perimeter region
Band reflection ambient light intensity with from described in described second pellicular cascade of the inside of described outer region at least one
The difference of the intensity of the light of individual conductive layer reflection is less than 10 percentage points.
15. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 5, the color of the ambient light wherein reflected from described outer region
It is less than 5C* unit with the difference of the color of the light of the internal reflection from described outer region.
16. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 5, the reflection of the ambient light wherein reflected from described outer region
Rate is about 65%.
17. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 5, wherein strong from the light of the internal reflection of described outer region
Degree is more than the intensity of the ambient light reflected from described outer region.
18. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 1, wherein said spectral filter material includes transparent conductive oxide
Nitride layer, refractive index are less than layer and the metal level of including transparent conducting oxide layer.
19. 1 kinds of vehicle rearview molectrons, described backsight molectron includes:
Electrochromism mirror element, described mirror element includes:
Optically transparent first substrate, described first substrate include first surface, second surface and with first surface and second
First edge surface of surface contiguous, described first substrate has outer region；
Second substrate, described second substrate have the 3rd surface, the 4th surface and with the 3rd surface and the 4th surface contiguous
Second edge surface, the first substrate and the second substrate parallel and in the case of second surface and the 3rd surface are facing with each other with
The relation separated is arranged so that limit gap, when being observed by observer, the 4th table between the first substrate and the second substrate
Face is positioned at the rear portion of mirror element；
The first film lamination being deposited on the first substrate, described the first film lamination comprises the band of spectral filter material,
Described band is circumferentially disposed at described outer region, and described the first film lamination electrically extends described mirror via conductive component
The rear portion of element；
Second pellicular cascade, described second pellicular cascade covers the core on the 3rd surface, wherein said second pellicular cascade
Including at least one conductive layer, at least one conductive layer described powers at the second edge surface via conductive segment and extends to described mirror
The rear portion of sub-element；And
It is arranged on the electrochromic media in described gap.
20. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 19, wherein said the first film lamination comprises transparency conducting layer.
21. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 19, also include at least some of extension along the 4th surface
Electricity bus, described electricity bus makes electrical contact with described conductive segment.
22. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 19, the band of wherein said spectral filter material include black chromium,
One in chromium oxide, copper oxide, manganese oxide, molybdenum oxide and ferrum oxide, when observed person observes, described mirror corresponds to institute
The region stating band is shown as dark.
23. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 19, are configured to the rearview mirror elements of motor vehicles, and enter
One step includes that at least one is from including being positioned to from the second substrate throw light through the light source of the first substrate, interior lighting combination
Part, digital speech processing system, power supply, global positioning system, exterior light controller, humidity sensor, information display, light pass
Sensor, blind spot lamp, turn signal lamp, operator interface, navigation system, thermindicator, voice activated control, mike, dimmed electricity
Road, telecommunication system, navigation aid system, run-off-road warning system, applicable cruise control system and visual system
The device chosen in group.
24. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 19, wherein said second pellicular cascade includes and platinum group metal layer
Adjacent layers of chrome.
25. 1 kinds of vehicle rearview molectrons, described backsight molectron includes:
Electrochromism mirror element, described mirror element includes:
Optically transparent first substrate, described first substrate include first surface, second surface and with first surface and second
First edge surface of surface contiguous, described first substrate has outer region；
Second substrate, described second substrate have the 3rd surface, the 4th surface and with the 3rd surface and the 4th surface contiguous
Second edge surface, the first substrate and the second substrate parallel and in the case of second surface and the 3rd surface are facing with each other with
The relation that separates is arranged so that limit gap between the first substrate and the second substrate, when by when observing from first surface, the
Four surfaces are positioned at the rear portion of mirror element；
It is arranged on the electrochromic media in described gap；
The first film lamination being deposited on the first substrate；
Second pellicular cascade, described second pellicular cascade covers the core on the 3rd surface, and described second pellicular cascade includes
At least one conductive layer, described conductive layer via conductive segment after the second edge surface powers on and extends to described mirror element
Portion；And
Described the first film lamination comprises the band of spectral filter material, and described band is circumferentially disposed at described perimeter region
Territory so that from the distribution of color of the ambient light of the band reflection of the spectral filter material of perimeter region and from outer region
The coupling of distribution of color of ambient light of at least one conductive layer described reflection of described second pellicular cascade of inside exist
In the range of 5C* unit.
26. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 25, wherein said the first film lamination includes transparency conducting layer.
27. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 25, wherein said electrochromism mirror element also includes being close to institute
State the layer of ruthenium of at least one in first surface, described second surface, described 3rd surface and described 4th surface.
28. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 25, also include being positioned to from the second substrate throw light through the
The light source of one substrate.
29. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 25, wherein said conductive segment includes at least one electricity folder, is used for
Offer is provided between at least one material layer and the electrochromic media at least one in the first substrate and the second substrate
Electric connection.
30. 1 kinds of vehicle rearview molectrons, described backsight molectron includes:
Electrochromism mirror element, described mirror element includes:
Optically transparent first substrate, described first substrate include first surface, second surface and with first surface and second
First edge surface of surface contiguous, described first substrate has outer region；
Second substrate, described second substrate have the 3rd surface, the 4th surface and with the 3rd surface and the 4th surface contiguous
Second edge surface, the first substrate and the second substrate parallel and in the case of second surface and the 3rd surface are facing with each other with
The relation separated is arranged so that limit gap, when observing from first surface, the 4th between the first substrate and the second substrate
Surface is positioned at the rear portion of mirror element；
It is arranged on the electrochromic media in described gap；
The first film lamination being deposited on the first substrate, described the first film lamination comprises the band of spectral filter material,
Described band is circumferentially disposed at described outer region；
Second pellicular cascade, described second pellicular cascade covers the core on the 3rd surface；
Sealing member, described sealing member is close to described outer region and is circumferentially disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate so that
Second surface and the 3rd surface the most sealably bond, and when observing from first surface, described sealing member is hidden in described light
After the band of spectrum filter material；And
Support plate, described support plate supports electrochromism mirror element and includes substantially rigid part and periphery grip part, described
Substantially rigid portion split-phase is positioned at after the 4th surface for first surface, and described periphery grip part is configured to substantially about
In one edge surface and the second edge surface at least one and do not extend to first surface, described rigid element and described outside
All grip part are integral with one another.
31. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, wherein said the first film lamination includes transparency conducting layer.
32. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the described periphery grip part of wherein said support plate is soft
's.
33. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the described periphery grip part of wherein said support plate and described
Rigid element is co-molded.
34. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the described periphery grip part of wherein said support plate and described
Rigid element be individually molding and via bonding, frictional fit, interference fit and in melting at least one and be attached together
's.
35. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the described periphery grip part of wherein said support plate is from described
Substantially rigid part extends towards described first surface and terminates with tip.
36. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the described periphery grip part of wherein said support plate applies about
Shu Li, described restraining forces at least partly keeps described mirror element to be close to described support plate.
37. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the band of wherein said spectral filter material is positioned to tightly
Adjacent second surface.
38. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, wherein in the first film lamination and the second pellicular cascade extremely
Few one includes layer of ruthenium.
39. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, wherein said periphery grip part includes inclined-plane, described inclined-plane
It is configured to by the Xiao A hardness material less than 60.
40. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, wherein said second pellicular cascade includes covering the 3rd surface
The reflecting electrode of outer region.
41. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 40, wherein said electrochromism mirror element also includes curable
Plug material, the described plug material perimeter region on the 3rd surface is arranged on described first substrate and described second substrate
Between, wherein said reflecting electrode is configured so that when from four surface observations it can be seen that sealing member and curable connector
At least one in material at least some of.
42. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, also include being positioned to wear from described second substrate throw light
Cross the light source of described first substrate.
43. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, the band of wherein said spectral filter material include chromium,
At least one in molybdenum, rustless steel, aluminum, rhodium, platinum, ruthenium, palladium, silver, gold and white gold.
44. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 43, wherein when observing from first surface, described EC mirror
Sub-element is shown as dark corresponding to the region of the band of described spectral filter material.
45. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, wherein, described support plate assembly includes being clipped in described substantially rigid
Compressible material between part and described periphery grip part.
46. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 30, wherein, described support plate assembly includes being configured to be pivotally connected to
The described substantially rigid part of support plate assembly and the rotating part of described periphery grip part.
47. 1 kinds of vehicle rearview molectrons, including:
Having the electrochromism mirror element of front and rear, described electrochromism mirror element includes:
Optically transparent first substrate, described first substrate include first surface, second surface and with first surface and second
First edge surface of surface contiguous, described first substrate has outer region；
Second substrate, described second substrate have the 3rd surface, the 4th surface and with the 3rd surface and the 4th surface contiguous
Second edge surface, the first substrate and the second substrate parallel and in the case of second surface and the 3rd surface are facing with each other with
The relation separated is arranged so that limit gap between the first substrate and the second substrate, when from described anterior observation, and the 4th
Surface is positioned at the rear portion of mirror element；
Deposition the first film lamination on a second surface, described the first film lamination comprises the ring of spectral filter material, institute
State ring and be circumferentially disposed at described outer region；
Second pellicular cascade, described second pellicular cascade covers the core on the 3rd surface, and described second pellicular cascade comprises
Reflecting electrode；
It is arranged on the electrochromic media in described gap；And
Sealing member, described sealing member has current-carrying part and non-conductive section, and the non-conductive section next-door neighbour of described sealing member is described
A part for outer region is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate so that second surface and the 3rd surface are the most salable
Ground bonding, when observing from first surface, the non-conductive section of described sealing member is hidden in the ring of described spectral filter material
After；
A part for the ring of described spectral filter material is coated with by electrically insulating material so that prevent the first film lamination and described
Make electrical contact with between reflecting electrode.
48. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 47, the current-carrying part of wherein said sealing member is close to described periphery
The part in region is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, when observing from first surface, and the conduction of described sealing member
It is partly hidden in after the ring of described spectral filter material.
49. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 47, the current-carrying part of wherein said sealing member be arranged on described between
The outside of gap.
50. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 47, at least one layer of wherein said reflecting electrode is on the second limit
Edge surface powers on and extends to the rear portion of mirror element.
51. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 48, wherein said electrochromism mirror element also includes being arranged on
Curable plug material between first substrate and the second substrate, wherein said reflecting electrode is configured so that when from the 4th table
It can be seen that at least one at least some of in described sealing member and described curable plug material when face is observed.
52. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 47, wherein said the first film lamination includes IMI lamination.
The 53. vehicle rearview molectrons as described in arbitrary in claim 1,19,25,30 and 47, also include that at least one is from bag
Include be positioned to from the second substrate throw light through the light source of the first substrate, interior lighting molectron, digital speech processing system,
Power supply, global positioning system, exterior light controller, humidity sensor, information display, optical sensor, blind spot lamp, turn signal
Lamp, operator interface, navigation system, thermindicator, voice activated control, mike, dimming circuit, telecommunication system, navigation
The device chosen in the group of aid system, run-off-road warning system, applicable cruise control system and visual system.
The 54. vehicle rearview molectrons as described in arbitrary in claim 1,19 and 25, wherein said second edge surface has
Seam or polishing.
55. vehicle rearview molectrons as claimed in claim 47, a part for wherein said reflecting electrode is coated with electric insulation
Material so that prevent the electrical contact between the first film lamination and reflecting electrode.
56. 1 kinds of vehicle rearview molectrons, have anterior and front periphery part, and described backsight molectron includes:
The electrochromism mirror element limited by the first substrate and the second substrate, the first substrate and the second substrate comprise and are arranged on two
Between person and by the electrochromic media of peripheral seal limited boundary, the periphery of the second substrate is relative to described molectron
Front portion is hidden in after the first substrate,
Shell mechanism, described shell mechanism has the anterior corresponding hole with described molectron, and the part in described hole is configured to
Support electrochromism mirror element；And
At least one additional device and operator interface element, described operator interface element is arranged on the front portion of described molectron
And it is configured to cooperate with the operation of at least one additional device described,
Before wherein the first surface as the first substrate of the outer surface of electrochromism mirror element corresponds to described molectron
Portion；
Second surface at the first substrate of the inside of electrochromism mirror element comprises the ring of spectral filter material, described ring
Periphery around second surface is set up and is configured to hide peripheral seal relative to the front portion of described molectron,
Described second surface comprises multiple conductive coating, and multiple conductive coatings are arranged on a second surface and by second surface
At least one electrically isolated area separates the most substantially, and
A part for described shell mechanism is configured to extend beyond second surface from the second substrate towards the front portion of molectron, and
Make it possible to observe first surface without barrier from the front portion of molectron.
The 57. vehicle rearview molectrons as described in arbitrary in claim 1,19,25,30,47 and 56, wherein the first substrate is more than
Second substrate and being located so that from the front portion of electrochromism mirror element not it is observed that be arranged on electrochromism mirror unit
The electric contact of the conductive layer of part.
The 58. vehicle rearview molectrons as described in arbitrary in claim 1,19,25,30,47 and 56, the wherein limit of the first substrate
Edge is processed to limit rounded portion, and compared with undressed edge, rounded portion improves the durability at described edge, and
Described edge energy observed person observes.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/430,885 | 2003-05-06 | ||
| US10/430,885 US7324261B2 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2003-05-06 | Electrochromic devices with thin bezel-covered edge |
| US54847204P | 2004-02-27 | 2004-02-27 | |
| US60/548,472 | 2004-02-27 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800121496A Division CN100565315C (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2004-05-06 | The electric light rearview mirror elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102323698A CN102323698A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| CN102323698B true CN102323698B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
Family
ID=
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5818625A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-06 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector |
| WO2001090810A1 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-29 | Murakami Corporation | Electrode structure of ec mirror |
| CN1326561A (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-12-12 | 马格纳控股公司马格纳奥特加分公司 | Electrochromic glass component |
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5818625A (en) * | 1997-04-02 | 1998-10-06 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic rearview mirror incorporating a third surface metal reflector |
| CN1326561A (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-12-12 | 马格纳控股公司马格纳奥特加分公司 | Electrochromic glass component |
| WO2001090810A1 (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-29 | Murakami Corporation | Electrode structure of ec mirror |
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