CN102403742A - Self-adaption multifunctional charging circuit and achieving method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaption multifunctional charging circuit and an achieving method thereof. The charging circuit is composed of a power circuit (1), battery detection (2), reference voltage (3), program control (4), parameter setting (5), return circuit locking (6) and a primary and secondary charging return circuit, is suitable for charging of a secondary battery of different model categories and different voltage specifications, and can set charging strength and upper limit stop voltage according to the detected secondary battery of different nominal voltage. By the adoption of pre-charging, primary charging, secondary charging and trickle segmentation charging process, charging efficiency is improved, and charging time is saved. The self-adaption multifunctional charging circuit and the achieving method of the self-adaption multifunctional charging circuit further can perform one-time recovery charge on an alkaline battery, have an activating and recovery function on a battery which is placed for a long time or damaged by overcharging or in low temperature environment, effectively achieve an application function of multi-machine integration, and provide great convenience to people in practical life.

Description

The multi-functional charging circuit of a kind of self adaptation and its implementation

Technical field;

The invention belongs to the mains charger field, especially relate to the multi-functional charging circuit of a kind of self adaptation and its implementation.

Background technology

At present, battery charger on the market (to call charger in the following text) is various in style, though specifications and models are different; But a common characteristic is arranged, and that can only charge to a kind of battery exactly, such as; A NI-MH type battery charger, he can only charge to this battery, that is to say only to adapt to the battery charge that nominal voltage is 1.2V; If there is the battery of other specification or different model on same charger, not charge in the hand, as; Existing have two kinds of batteries on the market, and a kind of is NI-MH type battery, and nominal voltage is 1.2V; A kind of is the NI-Zn battery, and its nominal voltage is 1.6V, and volume of battery is AA or AAA type; These two kinds batteries of pressing with the volume different electric can not charge on same charger, that is to say the charger that fills AA/AAA 1.2V; Can only can not be put into the battery of nominal 1.6VAA/AAA to fill in the 1.2V battery charger and go to fill nominal 1.2V battery charge, can not be put into the battery of 1.2V in the charger that fills 1.6V and go to fill; Two kinds of different electric are pressed the battery of models, can not shared chargers, and all be AA or AAA if think battery volume size; Takeing for can shared a charger, and consequence is not that battery owes to fill is exactly to overcharge, and serious also can fill battery quick-fried or causes personal injury.

Also having this universal charger not omnipotent (is example with the battery of mobile phone) that crying of a kind of title universal charger (especially this call is many in the charger for mobile phone city) can only be applicable to a kind of cell voltage equally on the market, like charger for mobile phone, is the lithium cell charging of 3.7V (other digital product also has) to general nominal voltage; Because each model of mobile phone is different; The battery sizes specification framework that is equipped with is also different, and is no matter how different, and any is arranged is the same; That is exactly that voltage is identical; All be nominal 3.7V, so people say that this charger can be suitable for the not identical battery charge of appearance voltage of multiple structure; Because battery structure difference and voltage is the same, so there is person to be universal charger.

Also have a kind of charger on the market, also claim adaptive charger, this charger voltage is single equally; The battery charge that can only be fit to a kind of voltage is if having voltage or battery selector switch or selection function, even if this function is arranged on the charger; But be easy to occur misoperation, in case choosing is wrong, consequence is well imagined; So, in general, do not establish voltage-selected switch on the charger; Make the product of power supply with secondary cell, all be furnished with special charger.On city's field boundary, be referred to as adaptive charger, this adaptive charger all is under the prerequisite with a kind of voltage specification, decides the size of charging current according to the amount of capacity of battery, just determines the size of charging current by measure; Like AA and AAA battery, voltage is identical, and capacity is different; Charging current is different and since this battery structure on have any different, in general on charger construction just to make a distinction; " anodal altogether, negative pole separately " sits in the right seat, because different on the structure; It is also just different that circuit is set charge strength, and this adaptive charger just under same voltage, carries out suitable choice on the size of charging current.

No matter adopt the sort of mode or charger what name, because digital product is many at present, used secondary cell type is also different, adds the extensive use of digital product; Like mobile phone, digital camera, MP4, DV or the like; A product is joined a special charger, so brings very big inconvenience to the user, gets wrong easily; Especially cylindrical battery is obscured more easily, because this charger manufacturer is different; The method of charging is also different, though cell voltage is identical, charging result and guard method also are not quite similar; Can produce equally to overcharge and owe to fill, the lighter makes battery can not normally use or influence battery life, and serious meeting blast occurs the person is damaged.Routine, which type of charger which type of battery need join, otherwise, as stated, exist a lot of unsafe factors.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present invention provides the multi-functional charging circuit of a kind of self adaptation and its implementation, and it can detect batteries dissimilar and different voltage specifications, and according to the characteristic and the classification of detecting battery, accomplishes the charging to battery.

In order to solve above-mentioned task, the method that the present invention solves is;

The multi-functional charging circuit of a kind of self adaptation has by power circuit (1), battery detecting circuit (2), and reference voltage (3), sequence circuit (4) parameter setting (5) and primary and secondary charging show circuit (6) are formed, and U5 is column scan IC, and U6 sweeps IC for row, it is characterized in that; U5, B road, A road are (to call the A road in the following text; U5P1,5,2,4.The B road; U5P12,14,15,11) be connected with the U2A input after dividing potential drop with the AR group respectively, B road and BR group, CR component are connected with U2B, U2C input after the R15 dividing potential drop, (to call AR=(R7, R6, R5, R16, R4 in the following text through R8; ) BR=(R11, R10, R9, R36, R8); CR=(R12, R13, R14, R17, R15; D1D2D3D6) form complete scanning voltage and reference voltage comparison circuit, U2A, the U2B output links to each other respectively with the U3B input, the digital comparator of composition; By analog signal conversion is that digital signal is controlled the primary and secondary charge circuit, when the U2A comparative voltage is lower than reference voltage, and output U2A=0, when the U2A input voltage is higher than reference voltage, output U2A=1; Accomplish the parameter setting of low pressure stage, when the U2B comparative voltage is higher than U2A and is lower than the U2B reference voltage, U2A=1, U2B=0 works as U2A=0; U3B-B=0 during U2B=0, U3B exports B=0=0=0,0+1=1,1+0=1,1+1=0.

CR group through the R15 dividing potential drop after D1-D4 link to each other with the U2C input, when U2C exports when equaling " 1 " the Q2Q1 conducting; Q1 and R21 also connect, and loop resistance reduces, and electric current increases; When U2C=0; With above-mentioned opposite, loop current descends, thereby reaches the charge strength that changes the loop when reaching set point because of cell voltage automatically.

To the charging of battery whether U3B output B links to each other with U6P13, and U61Y, (2Y, 3Y, 4Y) output link to each other with charger major loop D1 input respectively, and the control master fills the loop break-make, control power supply.

The U8 program control; U5U6P9, P10, a, b, c, d links to each other with the U8 counting end respectively, four of abcd, from 0000-1111 and line output, the first two the position with U5 (b is connected to column scan for P9, P10) a, back two with U6 (P9, P10) cd is connected to line scanning.

Main fill the loop input and be connected with the Q3 base stage by D1R44, when 1Y=1, during the Q3 conducting, LED1 is bright, the Q3Q4 conducting, on the contrary D1 ends, and LED2 is connected with 1Y through R46, and during 1Y=0, LED2 is bright to be reached major loop and charges and whether indicate.

When the arbitrary road of charger was put in battery, program control began the rechargeable battery on each road is scanned detecting, when being measured to satisfactory battery; Start corresponding charge circuit simultaneously, battery is charged, cell voltage feeds back to circuit for detecting again and the benchmark setting voltage compares; See the setting requirement that whether reaches battery, be lower than to set to return and continue to carry out charging, be equal to or higher than when setting; By charging, LED indication simultaneously transfers green to by redness; Owing to adopt scanning imaging system control, can detect battery classification and different battery voltage values that each road is put in, whether compare with setting voltage through the cell voltage that detects and accomplish the charging overall process.

Battery types is set and detecting; Battery types has usually, and structure is divided AA/AAA voltage branch; Nominal has 1.2V 1.6V 3.7V and several kinds of primary cell 1.5V (except combinations), can be divided into three sections settings by fundamental voltage to each battery, and (existing is example with the NI-MH battery;) such as the battery of nominal 1.2V, cell voltage is lower than 1.1V when following, near the battery that (in the time of can not returning to the nominal through placing cell voltage more than two hours) is defined as battery over-discharge or puts for a long time; When putting into this battery and charging, need carry out preliminary filling earlier, battery is effectively activated; So general electric current value relatively down, after battery carries out little pre-charge, and the preliminary activated batteries voltage of battery goes back up to and meets the requirements; Carry out the big electric current of second stage again and fill, (detect cell voltage and when the 1.2V left and right sides, just directly get into the large current charge stage) battery saves time through big electric current (generally more than 0.3C) the one, and charge efficiency is high; And battery can not generate heat, when cell voltage rises to 1.38-1.40, charging current reduce to former fill about 1/3rd; Get into the phase III, because battery fills as still adopting big electric current near being full of; The one, charge efficiency is low; The 2nd, battery heating is more serious, if untimely processing causes over-charging of battery will seriously influence the useful life of battery even can blast and cause life safety.When cell voltage reached setting voltage, the battery major loop turn-offed, and adopted trickle to continue and filled; When all loop batteries all accomplish charging turn-off main fill the loop after; Regularly starting, power cutoff after two hours stops battery charge; To protect cell safety (battery methods of other different voltage types is identical, does not explain one by one at this).

The judgement of voltage between battery area; There are three voltage comparator circuits in the detecting voltage loop, and U2A is that low pressure stage is set (being that other is identical for example with the 1.2V battery still) to detect voltage be 1.1V when following, and U2A is a low level, is high level greater than 1.1V.Upper voltage limit is set and is accomplished by U2B; When cell voltage is lower than 1.42V, the U2B output low level, greater than the time be high level, in like manner; The U3B digital comparator, U2A+U2B=U3B compares two comparator output levels, works as U2A; When U2B was low level, U3B was a low level, when wherein having one to be high level; U3B just is a high level, and when all being high level like two comparators, U3B also is a low level; Utilize this characteristic of circuit, just can make comparisons and judge (other type cell method is identical) accurately the classification of battery or magnitude of voltage

Scan loop; Because charge circuit one road is to multichannel, and any battery can be put in each road, therefore, must carry out dynamic scan to each road; If (battery put into of each charging in the time of can the column scan detecting being met the requirements battery, can lock this during all for same size battery, and palming electricity off as must dynamic scan) detects satisfactory battery; If like multiloop, also to scan multiloop, the loop basic function is served as this work exactly, scans as carrying out first charge circuit earlier; Detecting battery types or cell voltage specification after first via scanning is accomplished, jump to the second, the three again; The four the tunnel, carry out repeatedly back and forth, accomplish up to whole chargings.

Charging current is set; Charging current is set at four sections, " preliminary filling fills soon, replenishes trickle "; The little electric current of preliminary filling is accomplished by trickle, and after battery was accomplished preliminary filling, when cell voltage returned to set point, U3B was a high level; Get into and fill the stage soon, simultaneously, U2C is output as high level; Through the Q1 conducting, improve the charge circuit electric current, U2C is a low level when cell voltage rises to the stage casing, (generally to be set in 80% left and right sides capacity); Q1 ends, and charging current descends, and charging gets into supplemental stages; When cell voltage rose to upper voltage limit, U2B was a high level, and (U2A+U2B=1+1=U3B=0) U3B is a low level; Turn-off associated loop major loop (do not influence other loop detecting and judge) and get at last that trickle is continuous to be filled, if after all charging is accomplished, loop power cutoff or time-delay are judged and are stopped scanning.

The benchmark comparative voltage; The benchmark comparative voltage is provided by high accuracy LM431, and the dividing potential drop through R obtains satisfactory reference voltage, supplies U2A, U2B U4D benchmark comparative voltage.

The charging indication; Charging indication shows different conditions by red green LED, is dynamic scan because each charge circuit adopts, and is synchronous with the LED situation again, so the indication situation is to show with the flowing water attitude, is red during charging, is full of or bright green when not having battery.

Program control and scanning; In the circuit,, but only used three voltage comparators to accomplish all batteries detecting voltage relatively among the present invention because it is many to relate to the detecting cell voltage; Adopted dynamic scan mode, three voltage ratios are formed a complete battery detecting loop than the loop, and with program control and scan-synchronized; When scanning which concrete cell voltage; All accomplish charging whether setting and judgement, so, just simplified entire circuit greatly by these three comparators; Program control is accomplished by digital circuit U8 and four of line outputs, and output is connected with the U5U6 control end respectively, and U5 scans various batteries for each row, and U6 is line scanning.

The reparation of battery and restorative charging; The conventional normal secondary cell that uses, can both return to after the general discharge nominal voltage or more than, if battery occurred crossing put or put for a long time last usefulness or ambient temperature when low; The situation of nominal voltage appears being lower than in the capital, thereby causes the internal resistance of cell to increase, and does not directly fill soon if do not add reparation; Cell voltage is higher than battery upper limit cut-ff voltage very soon, that is to say this situation that runs into, and battery is difficult to fill into; Must carry out the little pre-charge of depolarising to battery, with activated batteries, when cell voltage reaches charging quickly press strip spare; Just can charge normal, U5, A road AR accomplishes.

Restorative charging is meant generally not chargeable battery; Like primary alkaline battery, this type battery can not fill, but people are in using this cell process; (alkaline battery of especially using in the electronic toy or other utensil than heavy-current discharge) is because cost is low; Capacity is big, hesitates to discard after using up, and reuses after hoping to charge.In fact, this alkaline battery is impossible to finish by single step of releasing in electronic toy, because continuously than heavy-current discharge; The polarity effect of battery relatively manifests, and causes battery not drain fully, and this is because the polarization of battery; Cause the internal resistance of cell to increase, can not make the chemical energy in the battery transfer electric energy output to, if to the battery depolarising; This alkaline battery still continues to use repeatedly, uses up basically up to converting electrical energy.There is special one group to detect and set to primary cell in the circuit, after putting into this battery, scans AR; The BR corresponding voltage meets; It is long to begin that this primary cell is carried out restorative charging (is that bigger difference is arranged with recharging) the preliminary filling stage, fill soon shorter, in order to activated batteries; Reach unpolarized effect, let battery do some restorative use master.

Beneficial effect of the present invention;

Involved in the present invention to the multi-functional charging circuit of self adaptation, be applied to the secondary cell charge of multiple different model classification and different voltage specifications, it can set charge strength and upper limit cut-ff voltage according to the secondary cell that detects different nominal voltages; Adopt preliminary filling, fill soon, replenish with the trickle segmentation and fill journey; The charge efficiency that has improved battery greatly with practiced thrift the charging interval; Can satisfy different demands, the present invention combines multiple on the market at present charger and is integrated, and can satisfy the charging requirement of multiple voltage specification battery; Especially fecund article multi-charger is very easily misapplied; For multiple different specification of battery charging brings great convenience, the present invention can also do restorative charging to primary alkaline battery, (restorative charging; Nonelectrical energy is converted into chemical energy, but a kind of physical property charging, says so accurately available primary cell still; Its essence is battery polarization through restorative charging, reduce the internal resistance of cell, make full use of the inside battery dump energy) the present invention is simple in structure; Cost is low; Precision is high, and is safe and reliable, for people's trip and real life brings great convenience.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is made further detailed description;

Description of drawings;

Fig. 1; Structural principle block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2; Embodiment of the invention structural principle circuit voltage detecting schematic diagram;

Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 principle split figure;

Fig. 4; Embodiment of the invention electric current auto-set circuit schematic diagram;

Fig. 5; Embodiment of the invention program scanning control principle figure;

Fig. 6; Embodiment of the invention charge circuit schematic diagram;

Label declaration among the figure; Referring to Fig. 1; (1) power circuit can be the AC/DC circuit, also can bright DC/DC, and DC, circuit; (2) battery detecting circuit, (3) reference voltage circuit; (4) sequence circuit; (5) parameter setting circuit; (6) primary and secondary charge circuit and charging indication;

Referring to Fig. 2; Form reference circuit by U1, U1 is formed by high accuracy voltage stabilizing IC431, is U2A, and U2B, U2C provide the benchmark comparative voltage, U2A, and U2B, U2C are voltage comparator, and U3B is a digital comparator, and U5 is column scan IC, and U6 is line scanning.Fig. 3 is the split figure of Fig. 2, and for easy analysis, Fig. 3 only analyzes diagram to a kind of operation principle of voltage.Fig. 4; The current strength auto-set circuit, by U2C and CR, D1-D4 and related resistors flock mating close the size of setting segmented current and set.Fig. 5; Be the program scanning schematic circuit, U8 is the counting frequency dividing circuit that carries vibration, adopts binary counting mode, selects the output of four parallel-by-bits for use, accomplishes the control to U5U6; Fig. 6 charge circuit, totally four the tunnel, a loop only is shown among the figure, can use multiloop, present embodiment only selects for use four charge circuits to be used for analyzing explanation, and LED1 and LED2 are the charge condition demonstration among the figure, are dual-colored LED.

Embodiment;

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 describes in further detail the present invention;

Embodiment just meets an instance of technology contents of the present invention, and the present invention comprises and but is not limited to the said content of following embodiment, and promptly the content of present embodiment is not to further qualification of the present invention.(accomplish by modulus circuit like circuit structure of the present invention, Fig. 2-Fig. 5 part especially, program control and circuit for detecting can adopt MCU, and PLC or other microcontroller are accomplished.For the purpose of analyzing, present embodiment only as analysis foundation, is not the qualification to him with the modulus circuit combinatorial principle.)

Embodiment 1

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the cell voltage circuit for detecting, by high-precision regulated power supply benchmark voltage is provided, and is U2A after U1 and the R1R2 dividing potential drop, and U2B U2C provide reference voltage, U2A, and U2B, U2C is (to call 2A in the following text, 2C, 2B) supposition; 2A is the low pressure detecting, and 2B is the high pressure detecting, U5P1, and 5,2,4 and 12,14,15,11 is corresponding, P1-P12=1.2V-1.42V, P5-P14=1.6V-1.88V; P2-P15=3.7V-4.2V; P4-P11=1.4-1.55V; Owing to adopt the setting and the stored program control system of each voltage, the combination of different voltages can not appear, as; 1.2V with 1.6V or 3.7V or the like

Detecting voltage is set; Existing is example with AA and AAA battery, and the secondary cell nominal can be divided into 1.2V (NI-MH battery) 1.6V (NI-Zn battery), 3.7V (LI battery) primary cell; (1.5V primary alkaline battery).Because battery structure is identical, but voltage specification is different, in order to adapt to above-mentioned different voltage battery charging, earlier the situation to various predictions is set, in case the condition achievement, charger can be accomplished by setup parameter cell safety is charged.

2A is that low pressure stage voltage is set, R5, the back dividing potential drop of connecting with R4 of R6 R7 R16 (to call AR in the following text) parallel connection; Be connected with the 2A positive input terminal after the dividing potential drop, compare, be greater than or less than two kinds of states with reference voltage; When dividing point voltage was lower than reference voltage, 2A was output as low level (to call " 0 " in the following text), when dividing point voltage is higher than reference voltage; 2A is output as high level (to call " 1 " in the following text) and sees Fig. 3, introduces by the U5-A end for a kind of detecting of cell voltage, and be example still with the 1.2V battery; The voltage that U5 common port A introduces compares (R7-R4) when being higher than 1.2V by A road P1, AR, (R7) with first dividing point, and 2A is output as 1, is 0 when being lower than 1.2V; When being lower than 1.2V, battery preliminary filling or carry out repair process is higher than 1.2V up to voltage; When being higher than 1.2V, battery gets into the section of filling (voltage of setting is just as analyzing not as limiting) entering soon soon after the section of filling.

2C fills with soon to ration the power supply to press and sets; After cell voltage was higher than the 2A setting voltage, upper limit cut-ff voltage and filling with was soon rationed the power supply and is pressed by 2B and 2C and BR, and CR accomplishes detecting; The CR comparative voltage is for fill limit with soon, and the high-low level of 2C is exported, and directly the control master fills the conducting of loop Q1 and ends; Adjust the size (Fig. 4) of charging quickly stream, when the Q1 conducting, excision R21 resistance; Loop voltage is fallen reduce, improve charge strength; When Q1 ended, the R21 pressure drop increased, and reduces charge strength, accomplished and filled the stage soon, got into the battery supplemental stages..

2B BR sets for upper limit cut-ff voltage, 2B, and it is the key of whole charger that BR sets; It is related to the efficient and the quality of charger, and battery gets into and fills soon-replenish-trickle, and 2B, RB setting voltage are the major loop cut-ff voltage; Just be recharged the upper limit cut-ff voltage in pond, its value must meet the charge characteristic and the safety of battery, requires than higher; Like the 1.2V group, cut-ff voltage is 1.42V, and 1.6V group cut-ff voltage is 1.88V or the like; (error is no more than 20mV) just can be set according to the different electric cell voltage as long as the BR partial pressure value rationally is provided with.

The U5 column scan, AR-2A; BR-2B; CR-2C; Three combinations, each combination divides four sections (but N+1), and each section all has two kinds of states (" 0 ", " 1 "); U5P9P10 is the scan control end, when being input as 00, and the first section connection in U5AB road (two four select) (see figure 2); When the input rapids is " 11 ", the 4th section of gating, column scan is accomplished in circulation repeatedly.As scan a voltage when being lower than the 2A reference voltage, and explaining that battery all need repair or preliminary filling, 2A is output as 0; (2B is that cut-ff voltage is set, 2B=0) 2A=0; 2B=0, U3B=2A+2B=0, the major loop that charges accordingly ends; Only depend on trickle to charge the battery, battery is repaired or restorative charging; Work as 2A=1,2B=0, U3B=2A+2B=1 gets into the battery section of filling soon; 2C ends for filling limit soon with, when cell voltage rises to certain voltage, should reduce charging current, and the break-make that the 2C output is directly controlled Q1 is adjusted the size of main circuit current, transfers to additionally by filling soon, gets into the charging phase III, accomplishes (2A=1) by 2B; Equally, when the voltage that detecting comes is compared by BR 2B, be higher than higher limit as long as detect voltage, 2B exports high level; Because charging gets into the phase III, 2A=1,2B=0; 2A, 2B export by 1+0=1 (U3B), when having only 2B voltage to reach upper limit set value; 2B=1, (U3B-B annotates 2A+2B=1+1=0; Xor gates), can think that also U3B is output as at 0 o'clock, the charger major loop ends, and U3B is output as at 1 o'clock, the major loop charging; The show state of charge circuit is shown by LED1 and LED2 respectively.

The U6 line scanning; (referring to Fig. 6) in like manner; U6 is the same with U5, U6P1,5,2; 4, and P12,14,15; 11 is the synchronous corresponding end of two-way, and (to call U6A in the following text, U6B) U6A common port P3 is connected with the U5 common port, and U6B common port P13 is connected with the U3B output; U6A1-4V is connected with every charge circuit anode respectively, and U6B1-4Y is connected with the charge circuit control input end respectively, control charger charging with end.

U8 program control and scanning; U8 is the frequency dividing circuit that has oscillator; The counting end P7,5,6 of U8,4 and line output be connected with control end P9, the P10 of U5, U6 respectively, counting is from 0000-1111, the first two position is row control; Two of backs are row control, (see figure 5) a, b, c, d, and (program scanning is partly detected part; U5, U6, U8, U3B; U2 can adopt single-chip microcomputer or microprocessor fully, can further simplify technology, and the present invention adopts digital circuit; Only through its operation principle of circuit manufacture procedure explanation scheme concrete with realization, this organization plan and embodiment are not unique schemes of the present invention).

The instance explanation; Energized, circuit begin scanning, and during no battery, the voltage of being detected is supply voltage in the charger; Equal and opposite in direction, 2A, 2B are high level, and 2A+2B=1+1=0, display circuit are that green light flowing water attitude is glittering; When the user is put in battery in the charger, the initial situation that circuit begins to detect battery normally whether, when detect cell voltage when being higher than 1.2V battery for normal, normal charging quickly; When battery was lower than 1.2V, battery need be repaired, and 2A is output as 0; When being higher than 1.2V, 2A is output as 1.For other similar battery, its basic skills identical (as; 1.6V or 3.7V).

Because primary alkaline battery, as a rule cannot charge, but in some cases, the electric energy of this alkaline battery has not been put; Such as a lot of electronic toys, when battery can not use on toy, the electric energy of battery did not use up, and this is because discharging current is bigger; Cause the internal resistance of battery to increase, (polarization phenomena of battery) can't continue discharge, if suitable battery is carried out back discharge, can help battery to eliminate polarization; The internal resistance of cell descends, and certainly, after handling like this, battery can reuse again; (but this is not that electric energy converts into due to the chemical energy) handled primary alkaline battery like this, is referred to as restorative charging.Restorative charging is main with the preliminary filling mode, and (reparation depolarising) is because the internal resistance of cell is different from secondary cell; Through preliminary filling like this, cell voltage rises very fast, just when battery occurs the voltage rising very near certain voltage; The stream that must will charge drops to minimum, to protect the safety of battery.R4-R16 among Fig. 2, R36 ,-R8; R17D6-R15 comes setting voltage according to the primary cell characteristic, is the reference point of 2A like cell voltage with 1.4V, is higher than 1.4V2A and is output as 1; Be 0 when being lower than 1.4V,, especially let slip the battery of electricity because general primary cell internal resistance is bigger; Internal resistance is bigger, thus adopt little electric current depolarising earlier, when voltage reaches 1.4V; Just get into " filling soon " ,-replenish-trickle.

The charging of the 2B upper limit ends; The voltage of sending here through U5 is added to R11, and R12 and contact are shown in Figure 3; The 2B input relatively is high section cut-ff voltage, and (supposition) 2B was output as high level when voltage was higher than 1.42V, when being lower than 1.42V; Be output as low level,, can cell voltage be divided at present according to above-mentioned setting; Four sections, (2A) below 1.2,1.2-1.40 (2C), the above trickle of 1.2-1.42 (2B) (R41), for example, when the battery that is put in was lower than 1.2V through detecting voltage, 2A, 2B all were output as 0, send into U3B relatively, and U3B is output as 0 (3B truth table; 0+0=0,0+1=11+0=1,1+1=0) 2A+2B=0,3B=0+0=0,

If put in the charger be not 1.2V but 1.6V the time, so, U5ab=00-11 scanning, 00-1.2V; 01-1.6V, 10-3.7V, 11-1.5V is as long as have one to meet in this four settings; Just can choose, and charge, if all do not have by the battery request of choosing; Detecting voltage is supply voltage, and U3B=0, charger have only green LED glittering.

In sum; The voltage scanning scheme that the present invention adopts has effectively solved on same charger multiple different size voltage battery has been carried out safe and reliable charging.

Claims (4)

1. the multi-functional charging circuit of self adaptation has by power circuit (1) battery detecting circuit (2); Reference voltage (3), sequence circuit (4) parameter setting (5) and primary and secondary charging show circuit (6) are formed; U5 is column scan IC, and U6 sweeps IC for row, it is characterized in that; B road, U5A road is connected with the U2A input after dividing potential drop with the AR group respectively, and B road and BR group, CR organize through R8, are connected with U2B, U2C input after the R15 dividing potential drop, form complete scanning voltage and compare with reference voltage; U2A, the U2B output links to each other respectively with the U3B input, and U3B output B links to each other the digital comparator of composition with the U6P13 common port; When the U2A comparative voltage is lower than reference voltage, U2A output=0, when the U2A comparative voltage is higher than reference voltage, U2A output=1; Accomplish the parameter setting of low pressure stage, when the U2B comparative voltage is higher than U2A and is lower than the U2B reference voltage, U2A=1, U2B=0; Work as U2A=0, U3B-B=0 during U2B=0, U3B exports B=0; U61Y (2Y3Y4Y) exports respectively and links to each other with charger major loop control (D1) input, the main loop break-make of filling of control, and whether the charging of completion battery to be.

2. the multi-functional charging circuit of a kind of self adaptation according to claim 1 is characterized in that; CR group through the R15 dividing potential drop after D1-D4 link to each other with the U2C input, when U2C exports when equaling " 1 " Q2Q1; R21 is by short circuit, and major loop resistance reduces, and electric current increases; When U2C=0; With above-mentioned opposite, loop current descends, thereby reaches the charge strength that changes the loop when reaching set point because of cell voltage automatically.

3. the multi-functional charging circuit of a kind of self adaptation according to claim 1 is characterized in that; U5U6P9, P10, a, b, c, d carries out counting end with U8 respectively and links to each other, and four of abcd, ab are column scan, and cd is line scanning.

4. according to claim 1 or the multi-functional charging circuit of 3 described a kind of self adaptations, it is characterized in that; The master fills the loop input and is connected with the Q3 base stage by D1R44, and when 1Y=1, during the Q3 conducting, LED1 is bright, the Q3Q4 conducting, on the contrary D1 ends, and LED2 is connected with 1Y through R46, and during 1Y=0, LED2 is bright, reaches the major loop charging and whether indicates.

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