CN102549177A - Smelting method - Google Patents
Smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102549177A CN102549177A CN2010800297785A CN201080029778A CN102549177A CN 102549177 A CN102549177 A CN 102549177A CN 2010800297785 A CN2010800297785 A CN 2010800297785A CN 201080029778 A CN201080029778 A CN 201080029778A CN 102549177 A CN102549177 A CN 102549177A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
A method of recovering gold from a gold containing source material comprising: forming a molten pool comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, gold and platinum group metals; and adding at least part of the source material into the molten pool of metal.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting process that from contain golden raw material, reclaims gold.
Background technology
Gold reclaims technology and is usually directed to leach step and gold and other precious metals are adsorbed onto as on carbon or the suitable sorbent materials such as synthetic resins.Produced effective gold like the improvement of carbon-in-column process (CIC), carbon-in-leach process (CIL) and carbon-in-pulp process adsorption methods such as (CIP) and reclaimed, in some cases even confirm effectively to process mine tailing.Make precious metal desorb from the sorbent material through using suitable precious metal to carry out wash-out, thereby form the stripping liquid that contains the precious metal of desorb from the sorbent material with solubilising liquid.
The precious metal that comprises Jin Heyin can reclaim from stripping liquid in electrowinning technology, and precious metal is deposited on the negative electrode of electrowinning groove by stripping liquid in said electrowinning technology.
The electrode associated materials comprise as on direct cathode deposit and the negative electrode that concentrates on golden electrowinning groove or under materials such as the relevant drift of electrode.At least partly the pattern that negative electrode associated materials has fine, soft fur or fine, soft fur coating usually.This material forms the agglomerate that comprises elongated high surface area composition but not solid-state individual particles.
Used term agglomerate is meant the group bunch or the pencil long filament of piece, particularly elongated material among this paper, like what obtained by the rich gold copper-base alloy cathode deposit that derives from mao formula negative electrode.When this paper used, terms granules was intended to comprise the material of agglomerate form.
Negative electrode in this technology is the high surface area negative electrode normally, and can comprise steel wool.The material (so-called hair gold when negative electrode is steel wool) that is deposited on the negative electrode all is rich in precious metal with negative electrode sludge (settling that concentrates on the negative electrode below and link to each other with negative electrode); And next step in the precious metal recovery technology is usually directed to remove the s.t. of steel wool, is to smelt and the formation ingot afterwards.
When coming refined matte through electrolysis, anode is formed by the blister copper casting through processing usually, and it is placed in 3%～4% copper sulfate and 10%～16% vitriolic aqueous solution.Negative electrode is the thin rolling sheets of high purity copper normally.At anode, copper and less precious metal dissolving.Sink down into the bottom of groove like silver and more precious metals such as gold and selenium and tellurium as the anode sludge, formed vendible by product.Therefore, the anode sludge comprises anode phase customs gold unit.
The gravity gold is through like the selected gold of gravity technique such as tabling and screw classifying, is another kind of rich auriferous converted products.
Being used for common methods that processing contains gold copper-base alloy, particularly gold ore (selected and be rich in the material of precious metal composition through part at least) relates to and smelts this material.Smelting relates to raw material is mixed with fusing assistant, and mixture is put into plumbago crucible and is heated to about 1250 ℃.Some base metal pollutents concentrate in the scum layer that is formed at fusion precious metal top.After the cooling, slag can separate with physics mode, stays the gold and silver ingot metal, but former state is sold or further processing to obtain High Purity Gold.
Need to improve the method for golden recovery levels always.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method that from contain golden raw material, reclaims gold, said method comprises:
Formation comprises the molten bath that is selected from least a collecting agent metal in the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals; With
The said raw material of at least a portion is added in the molten bath of said collecting agent metal.
In one group of embodiment, said method comprises:
Form the molten bath of fusing assistant;
Below the molten bath of said fusing assistant, form the molten bath that is selected from least a collecting agent metal in the group of forming by copper, silver, gold and platinum metals; With
To contain golden raw material is added in the said fusing assistant molten bath.The raw material that is added in the fusing assistant becomes in the molten bath of sneaking into the collecting agent metal usually.
In one group of embodiment, a kind of method that from contain golden raw material, reclaims gold is provided, said method comprises:
Processing contains golden raw material from contain golden raw material, at least partly to remove base metal, particularly lead or iron;
Formation comprises to be selected from by gold with gold and forms the molten bath of at least a metal in the group that the metal of alloy forms; With
The raw material that at least a portion is treated is added in the molten bath of metal.
In one group of embodiment, the molten bath is formed by the particulate mixture that comprises particulate material and particulate material, and said particulate material comprises at least a collecting agent metal that is selected from the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals.In this group embodiment, can form the blend of feed particles and collecting agent metallic particles and it is added in the crucible, in this crucible, form the molten bath through the fusing point that is heated to the collecting agent metal.In this group embodiment; The mixture of particulate material and particle collecting agent metal is added or intermittently of twice above charging to be added in proper order in the heated crucible gradually; Thereby in the interpolation process, form the molten bath, to its part of adding other particulate mixture and becoming the molten bath.
In preferred especially one group of embodiment, raw material comprises on the negative electrode that is deposited on golden electrowinning groove or concentrates on the negative electrode associated materials of the negative electrode below of golden electrowinning groove.
In one group of embodiment; The method that reclaims gold comprises: form the molten bath that comprises raw material and collecting agent metal; Wherein the collecting agent concentration of metal is: at least a of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals (is preferably at least 90 weight % at least 80 weight %; At least 95 weight % more preferably, further at least 99 weight % more preferably).
In another group embodiment, the molten bath is partly formed by the particulate material that is encapsulated in the collecting agent metal sheet.If desired, can said sheet material be added in the molten bath of preformed collecting agent metal.
In another group embodiment, the molten bath is formed by the collecting agent metal, and raw material is added in this molten bath.Preferably optimize mode and speed that material adds.In one embodiment, the order with batch charging is added into material in the molten bath.If load redundancy, then the excessive temperature after the charging reduces.On the other hand, if it is very few to feed, the material of then packing into can tend to float on the fusion mutually but not become and submerge wherein.
In one group of embodiment, particle collecting agent metal comprises that copper and this copper are substantially free of oxidation reaction product, does not particularly contain the oxidation products that when the copper metal contacts with air, forms.If crucible is surrounded by the gas of deoxygenation, and is if perhaps copper submerges as in the fusions mutually such as fusion fusing assistant fast, then favourable to this.
In one group of embodiment, the mixture of particulate material and particle collecting agent metal also comprises the fusing assistant particle.Fusing assistant can be any suitable reagent well known by persons skilled in the art.For example, fusing assistant can comprise the borax of at least 30 weight % (like at least 50 weight %, at least 80 weight %), more preferably comprises the borax of at least 90 weight %.The effect of fusing assistant provides independent impurity to accept to exist in the raw material.The fusing assistant that comprises impurity is in low-temperature curing, thus form can with the slag of be separated (the for example mechanically sepg) that contain precious metal mutually.
In one group of embodiment, to smelt and in crucible, carry out, crucible comprises the carbon that is less than 10 weight % (preferably being less than 5 weight %) and is less than the 10 weight % carbide of (preferably being less than 5 weight %).Crucible can be an earthenware porcelain receptacle, is preferably formed by clay.
In one group of embodiment, a kind of method that from contain golden raw material, reclaims gold is provided, said method comprises:
Processing contains golden raw material at least partly to remove base metal;
Formation comprises the molten bath of the collecting agent metal that is selected from the group of being made up of gold and silver, copper and platinum metals; With
Treated raw material is added in the molten bath of metal.
In an embodiment of this group embodiment, the molten bath is formed by the solid particle mixture that comprises treated feed particles and collecting agent metallic particles.In this group embodiment, molten pool metal preferred package argentiferous, copper or its mixture.
Can optimize according to the specific nature of material therefor and add the treated raw material and the mode and the speed of collecting agent metallic particle mixture.For example, can mixture be added in the preformed fusing assistant molten bath gradually.In this situation, particulate mixture preferably comprises fusing assistant seldom or does not comprise fusing assistant, for example is no more than 10%, is no more than 5%, is no more than 2% or be no more than 1% fusing assistant.
Preferably treated raw material and collecting agent metallic particle mixture are added in the crucible of heating, make in the interpolation process, to form the molten bath, to its part of adding other particulate mixture and becoming the molten bath.
In one group of embodiment, said smelting process comprises treated raw material is added in the fritting pond of collecting agent metal.For example, this pond can comprise at least 50 weight % of collecting agent metal pool at first, for example at least 70 weight %, at least 80 weight % or at least 90 weight %.
All of this specification sheets describe and claim in, term " comprises ", " comprising " be not to be intended to get rid of other additives, composition, integral body or step.
Embodiment
In the technological process of smelting gold, the inventor finds have the gold of significant quantity (being generally about 1%～3% or even more) to run off in slag.Even with the slag pulverizing and with its part early of introducing golden recovery train again, the gold relevant with this slag also can not reclaim basically.The inventor also finds, raw material and fusing assistant mixing can be promoted that gold number is lost in the slag.
Generally speaking, have been found that the recovery that can improve gold through following method: formation comprises the molten bath that is selected from least a collecting agent metal in the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals; And at least a portion raw material is added in the molten bath of collecting agent metal.
Said method comprises: form to comprise to be selected from by gold with gold and form the molten bath of at least a collecting agent metal in the group that the metal of alloy forms.For example, this pond can comprise at least 50 weight % of collecting agent metal pool at first, at least 70 weight % for example, at least 80 weight %, or at least 90 weight %.In another group embodiment, the molten bath is only formed by at least a collecting agent metal that comprises in copper, silver, gold and the platinum metals, and will contain golden raw material and be added in the molten bath that is formed by this collecting agent metal.
Preferably, the pond metal is formed by at least a metal that is selected from the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals, is more preferably formed by silver or gold.Preferably, pond metal iron content not.
Preferably will contain golden raw material is added in the pool of molten metal with particle form (fine particle like the size through 100 microns screen clothes is more preferably the fine particle of 80 weight % through the size of 100 microns screen clothes).
In one group of embodiment, raw material is like separation forms such as particle form, and comprises and comprise particulate material and collecting agent metallic particle mixture.The collecting agent metal preferably passes through the fine particulate form of the size of 100 microns screen clothes, and more preferably 80 weight % are through the fine particulate form of the size of 100 microns screen clothes.
Smelting can as comprise borax fusing assistants such as fusing assistant in the presence of carry out; Perhaps as selecting; Smelting can use the compsn that does not contain fusing assistant basically to carry out that (for example, based on the gross weight of the compsn of smelting, fusing assistant is less than 5 weight %; Be less than 2 weight % like fusing assistant, or fusing assistant is less than 1 weight %).During use, fusing assistant preferably comprises the borax of at least 30 weight %, and more preferably fusing assistant comprises the borax of at least 50 weight %, more preferably comprises the borax of 80 weight %, and then more preferably comprises the borax of at least 90 weight %.
When in comprising this group embodiment of smelting the mixture that comprises particulate material and particle collecting agent metal, using fusing assistant; Can preferably form the molten bath of borax, and with particulate material with comprise at least a metallic particle mixtures of material that is selected from the group of forming by copper, silver, gold and platinum metals and be added in the vitrified borax.
In another group embodiment, form the molten bath of collecting agent metal and particulate material is added in the collecting agent metal pool, preferably add gradually or add with order charging method intermittently.
In another group embodiment, the molten bath is partly formed by the particulate material that is encapsulated in the sheet material that comprises the collecting agent metal at least in part.In this embodiment, sheet material forms the barrier between crucible and the particulate material at first, and other raw material preferably is added in the molten bath that is formed by sheet material and particulate material gradually.As selection, the sheet material of sealing raw material is added in the molten bath of preformed collecting agent metal.
As stated, preferably will contain golden raw material with the mode of intermittently adding in proper order usually is added in the molten bath.Intermittently order is added can for example provide through following manner: through be used for said material import the molten bath the body phase like pipelines such as vitrified pipes, will contain golden raw material and be added in the molten bath.
Preferably, the molten bath that wherein is added with the collecting agent metal of raw material extends to the sidewall of smelting used crucible.
In the copper bearing situation of particle collecting agent metal bag, particularly preferably be the basic oxygen-free reaction product of copper, particularly do not contain the oxidation products that when the copper metal contacts with air, forms.
The crucible of a large amount of types is known to be can be used for smelting and contains golden raw material, and can be used in the aforesaid method.In the embodiment of preferred group, smelt in comprising the crucible of carbon that is less than 10 weight % (preferably being less than 5 weight %) and the carbide that is less than 10 weight % (preferably being less than 5 weight %) and carry out.Usually the crucible that more preferably forms by pottery, particularly clay.
Preferably, the fusing point of collecting agent metal composites is higher than 900 ℃.
In the embodiment that uses collecting agent metal (particularly copper), preferably metal pool covers the interior bottom wall of crucible so that be added into the raw material of crucible and will contact with molten metal but not contact with crucible surface usually.If crucible bottom is concavo-convex, then preferably use the metal collecting agent of capacity to extend to the sidewall of crucible to guarantee the molten bath.The golden raw material that contains that also can use aforesaid pipeline to avoid basically being added directly contacts with the used crucible of smelting.
In one group of embodiment, in crucible, smelt rich golden raw material and also comprise:
Form molten bath like fusing assistants such as boraxs;
Below the molten bath of said fusing assistant, form the molten bath of collecting agent metal, said collecting agent metal comprises at least a metal that is selected from the group of being made up of gold and silver, copper and platinum metals; With
The golden raw material of richness is added in the molten bath of fusing assistant, and wherein, said raw material becomes in the molten bath of sneaking into the collecting agent metal.
After the interpolation of accomplishing collecting agent; Preferably the molten bath of fusing assistant covers the molten bath of collecting agent metal; And preferably optimize the distance between the top of top and liquid fusing assistant of collecting agent metal pool; Thereby shallow as far as possible one deck fusing assistant is provided, keeps being capped basically with the molten bath of guaranteeing collecting agent metal in the process that will contain golden raw material introducing molten bath.Preferably, this distance is 1cm at least.
In order in this group embodiment, optimize to reclaim, can be preferably with the molten bath that is used for being added into fusing assistant through the collecting agent metal of rough segmentation, preferably its particle diameter is 1mm at least.Bound by theory not it is believed that particularly when collecting agent is copper, uses that than coarse particles the collecting agent oxidation to be reduced to minimum.
Can be through in the molten bath that the collecting agent metal is added into fusing assistant and provide the temperature that is not less than the collecting agent melting point metal to form the molten bath of collecting agent metal.
The amount of collecting agent metal can be 5000 parts of collecting agent metal/100 part raw materials at the most for example, like 5 parts～5000 parts collecting agent/100 part raw materials.
In one group of embodiment, smelting process comprises treated raw material is added in the fritting pond that comprises at least a metal that is selected from copper, silver, gold and platinum metals.
The method that reclaims gold also can comprise: formation comprise be selected from forms the molten bath of at least a metal in the group that the metal of alloy forms (preferably in copper, silver, gold and the platinum metals at least a) by gold with gold before, processing contains golden raw material at least partly to remove base metal.
Base metal as referred to herein can be a metallic compound or like the form of other metal section and parts such as complex compound or mixed valence species or mixed oxide species.
Removing base metal preferably includes the use leach liquor and leaches from contain golden raw material, to remove the base metal of significant quantity containing golden raw material.
The base metal of removing preferably includes except that delead and/or iron.
Removing base metal preferably is enough to avoid carrying out water-based and leaches in concentrate, to form wholly or in part the temperature of fused environment before removing the base metal part and carry out being low to moderate.
In one group of embodiment, contain golden raw material and comprise the platinum metals (preferably being less than 1ppm) that is less than 3ppm.
In one group of embodiment of the present invention, remove enough base metals so that the slag that does not have under the fusing assistant smelting condition forms the 1 weight % (preferably being less than 0.1 weight %) that is less than the molten bath.Slag form can through observation be different from metal tangible phase have or not to confirm.Slag can contain usually metal and nonmetal between the compound that forms, particularly be MOX.
The instance that is rich in the raw material of precious metal includes but not limited to:
A. the negative electrode associated materials that in the stripping liquid electrolytic process, forms.When making gold from gac, can obtain stripping liquid during desorb;
B. the anode associated materials that in electrorefining process, forms from the copper of base metal cast anode or other base metals; With
C. gravity is golden.
The golden technology that reclaims can relate to the leaching step and gold and other precious metals are adsorbed onto as on the sorbent materials such as carbon or suitable synthetic resins.Produced effective gold like the improvement of carbon-in-column process (CIC), carbon-in-leach process (CIL) and carbon-in-pulp process adsorption methods such as (CIP) and reclaimed, in some cases even confirm effectively to process mine tailing.Make precious metal desorb from the sorbent material through using suitable solubilising liquid to carry out wash-out, thereby form the stripping liquid that contains the precious metal of desorb from the sorbent material.
The precious metal that comprises Jin Heyin can reclaim from stripping liquid in electrowinning technology, and precious metal is deposited on the negative electrode of electrowinning groove by stripping liquid in said electrowinning technology.
The electrode associated materials comprise as on direct cathode deposit and the negative electrode that can concentrate on golden electrowinning groove or under materials such as the relevant drift of electrode.The electrode associated materials also can comprise the anode sludge from refining processing of copper electrolysis.
Negative electrode in this technology is the high surface area negative electrode normally, and can comprise steel wool.The material (so-called hair gold when negative electrode is steel wool) that is deposited on the negative electrode all is rich in precious metal with negative electrode sludge (settling that concentrates on the negative electrode below and link to each other with negative electrode); And next step in the precious metal recovery technology is usually directed to remove the s.t. of steel wool, is to smelt and the formation ingot afterwards.
When coming refined matte through electrolysis, anode is formed by the blister copper casting through processing usually, and it is placed in 3%～4% copper sulfate and 10%～16% vitriolic aqueous solution.Negative electrode is the thin rolling sheets of high purity copper normally.At anode, copper and less precious metal dissolving.Sink down into the bottom of groove like silver and more precious metals such as gold and selenium and tellurium as the anode sludge, formed vendible by product.Therefore, the anode sludge comprises anode phase customs gold unit.
The common methods that is used to process the electrode associated materials of rich gold relates to smelts this material.Smelting relates to raw material is placed crucible, adds fusing assistant and also is heated to about 1250 ℃.The base metal pollutent concentrates in the scum layer that is formed at fusion precious metal top.After the cooling, can slag be separated with the gold and silver ingot metal, and can further process to obtain more highly purified gold with physics mode.
When adopting the water-based leach liquor to remove base metal, the water-based leach liquor can comprise at least a in the following substances: alkali aqueous solution, aqueous acid, water-based reduction leach liquor and the plumbous part of water-based are with sequestrant and wherein two or more mixtures.
Can be used at least part removes the method for base metal and comprises that acidleach goes out.Acidleach goes out acid such as can using example hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, Hydrocerol A and carries out.Leach liquor also can comprise like the sequestrants such as reagent described in the U.S. Pat 5916534.Removing base metal can be through stirring, and particularly ultrasonic agitation is strengthened.
Preferably leach in the temperature that is higher than room temperature.In embodiments more of the present invention, preferably leach at least 60 ℃ temperature.
The leach liquor that is used to remove base metal also can be a reduced liquid.In this group embodiment, reduced liquid can be through reductive agent, through contacting with reducing electrode or two or more combinations provides.Reductive agent preferably holds with the water-based liquid phase, can be that contain metal or metal-free.The instance of the suitable reductive agent that contains metal comprises that valence state is lower than the part that contains metal of attainable maximum stable valence state in the aqueous solution.Preferred metal can be selected from the group of being made up of chromium (Cr II), tin (Sn II), copper (Cu I) and titanium (Ti II, Ti III), most preferably tin (Sn II).In a preferred implementation, the water-based reduced liquid comprises stannous ion, for example tin protochloride.
The instance of suitable metal-free reductive agent comprises sulphite and oxalic acid, formic acid, hydrazine, sulphite and dithionate.Can contact more than twice between leach liquor and the raw material.In this group embodiment, preferably, the reduced liquid that contacts at least once with raw material is a tart, and it is about 1.5 that preferred pH is lower than, more preferably less than about 1.0.Preferably, acid is non-oxidizing acid.Preferably, acid is hydrochloric acid.Reductive agent can be renewable reductive agent, for example can be through the electrolytic regeneration reductive agent and the oxidised form regenerated reductive agent that produced by said method.
Removing of base metal can be used plumbous complexing agent or plumbous solubilizing agent.The instance of plumbous complexing agent or plumbous solubilizing agent can be to comprise one or more the water-based liquid that is selected from the group of being made up of following substances: but hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, like plumbous partly deliquescent any other reagent in water of base material, sugar of lead, ammonium chloride, muriate, carboxylic acid and salt thereof, sequestrant, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate, peracetic dithionite and enhanced oxidation such as sodium hydroxide or other oxyhydroxide part or other water-compatible alkali.When plumbous complexing agent or plumbous solubilizing agent were selected from carboxylic acid and salt or muriate, preferably: (a) carboxylic acid was selected from the group of being made up of Hydrocerol A, lactic acid, acetate, formic acid, isopropylformic acid, Xaxa and their salt (like an alkali metal salt and alkaline earth salt); (b) muriate is selected from the group of being made up of ammonium chloride, sodium-chlor, Repone K, calcium chloride and strontium chloride.
Preferably, the contacting step between raw material and the reduction water-based liquid causes the leaching of raw material.Can use like quantitative colourimetrys such as LAB methods and measure leaching.Reduction is leached to cause and from raw material, is at least partly removed base metal.Be not subject to theory, it is believed that possibly reduce the use of leaching can promote to comprise the dissolving of the part of iron (III), and these parts be to make golden fixed reason or partly cause.The partly soluble evidence that comprises iron III comprises that leaching the back material decolours.Leaching can be carried out in comprising 1%HCl and more than one liquid like reductive agents such as tin protochloride (II), chromium chloride (II) and oxalic acid.Based on observed bleaching level, the effect of reductive agent reduces according to the order of tin protochloride (II) >=chromium chloride (II)＞oxalic acid.
In an embodiment of the invention, contacting can promoting between raw material and the water-based liquid carried out under the condition that refractory material breaks away from from solid surface.Such condition can comprise ultrasonic agitation and stimulate through time-varying electric field and/or magnetic field.
In one group of embodiment, the leaching that contains golden raw material is handled and to be comprised that plural leaching step is to remove or to promote to remove base metal.Preferably, at least one leaching step is that reduction is leached and another leaching step is that nitric acid leaches.Preferably, it is that low pulp density leaches step that nitric acid leaches, and wherein the leaching pulp density in the leach liquor is to be less than 5% ore pulp, more preferably is less than 3%, and then more preferably is less than 2%, even less than 1%.
In one group of embodiment; Base metal part is at least removed by the water-based leach liquor, and said water-based leach liquor comprises one or more reagent that are selected from the group of being made up of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, alkali, sugar of lead, sequestrant, carboxylic acid and salt thereof, oxymuriate, perchlorate, muriate, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate and peracetic dithionite.
The water-based leach liquor can comprise for example aqueous acid (preferred hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, more preferably 0.5M～5M hydrochloric acid or 0.5M～10M nitric acid, more preferably 1M～5M nitric acid).
In one group of embodiment; Present method also is included in the water-based reduced liquid and leaches and in following water-based liquid, carry out at least one and leach step in the water-based reduced liquid, leaching the solid residue that obtains, and said water-based liquid comprises the reagent that is selected from the group of being made up of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, alkali, sugar of lead, sequestrant, carboxylic acid and salt thereof, oxymuriate, perchlorate, muriate, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate and peracetic dithionite.
In one group of embodiment, reduced liquid comprises at least a base metal sequestrant, and said base metal sequestrant preferably is selected from the group of being made up of beta-diketon, amino polycarboxylic acid, amino polycarboxylate, carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt and polyphosphonate.
In one group of embodiment; Water-based leach liquor with comprising reduction leach liquor and/or acid leaching liquor leaches containing golden raw material; Leach with alkali lye then; Preferably alkali lye pH is greater than 13, and more preferably pH is greater than 14, and most preferably concentration is the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of at least 5 weight %.
The use leach liquor leaches and can comprise that also the relevant gold ore of anticathode is with 10kHz～60kHz, more preferably the frequency of 20kHz～45kHz is carried out ultrasonic irradiation containing golden raw material.
Preferably, remove enough base metals so that the slag that does not have under the fusing assistant smelting condition forms the 1 weight % (preferably being less than 0.1 weight %) that is less than the molten bath.
Now through describing the present invention with reference to following examples.Should be appreciated that embodiment provides so that mode of the present invention to be described, they never are to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Gold gravity concentration (GGC)---raw material
To in the corrodibility prussiate, carry out desorb from the golden charcoal that carries of gravity metalworking line, in the electrowinning groove, handle stripping liquid.Collect from the cathode material of this groove and negative electrode sludge and in 25%HCl, soaked 2 hours, from sample, to leach steel wool.The cleaning and removing residual material is also dry, so that 12.5kg to be provided raw material.
Through crushing and this raw material of broken homogenizing, and be divided into the sub-sample of a plurality of about 10g with shaking table.Except that these 10g sub-samples, adopt standard method to smelt the remainder of material, find that commercial callable gold is 60.4% gold medal.
10.06g sub-sample (particle diameter is lower than 250 microns) is added in the beaker of 500ml.The liquid that will comprise 8g stannous chloride dihydrate (dissolved), the dense HCl of 100ml and 100ml water is added in the beaker, and beaker is placed 60 ℃ hot ultra sonic bath (Soniclean, in the peak power=250W) 8 hours.Apply ultrasonic agitation (60% maximum be provided with) according to following program: initial ultrasound was handled in 10 minutes, suspended in 80 minutes, and 10 minutes supersound process were suspended in 80 minutes, and the like finish to time of 8 hours.Do not use mechanical stirring.
After 8 hours, with the content filtration (Whatman 40 ashless filter papers, filtration velocity is equivalent to Whatman2) of beaker, and with the resistates on the water washing filter paper.Subsequently resistates is washed to the beaker of another 500ml from paper, use the water that is less than 100ml to realize this transfer carefully.Make the horizontal plane in the beaker reach 100ml, and add the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 100ml 8%, to be provided for the caustic soda leach liquor of 4% ultimate density of leaching for the second time.Beaker is placed in the hot ultra sonic bath, and handles according to such scheme.After filtering and washing, with resistates dried overnight in 80 ℃ baking oven.Use spatula through simple mechanical stimulus, become fine powder thereby the resistates filter cake easily destroyed.
Buy silver-colored particulate (silver more than 99.9%) from the PW Beck Co silver dealer who is positioned at Adelaide, AUS.The diameter of particulate is about 2mm.Also buy the silver strip that diameter is 0.3mm, every heavy 10g (thin silver level) from PW Beck & Co.
100g silver particulate is placed on by in the 250ml fire scorifier of processing available from the clay of the Furnace Industries of Perth, AUS.Laden crucible is placed on electric furnace inside and makes it reach 1220 ℃.The molten silver that is obtained by this particle forms Xiao Chi in crucible bottom.
To wrap in the silver strip of 10g a slice from the dried residue of above-mentioned caustic soda leaching step.From stove, take out the hot crucible in silver-colored pond is housed, and the silver strip encapsulation object is dropped in the crucible, it is located immediately on the silver-colored molten bath.The rapid fusion of silver strip, and the content of silver strip encapsulation object becomes the Yin Chizhong that submerges, and do not contact with crucible wall.Crucible is returned in the stove, get back to 1220 ℃, and remained on this temperature 15 minutes.The fusion content of hot crucible is injected hemispherical button mould, and make its cooling.From mould, take out and buckle the shape thing and, make its drying then at quenching-in water.Probably being of a size of of hemispherical button shape thing: diameter 4cm, maximum height 3cm.The boring of make-up shape thing is to obtain about 6g smear metal and burr, and the Umpire Assay Laboratories that they is delivered to Perth, AUS carries out the ingot check.
Initial 10.06g sub-sample comprises 60.4% gold (repeat samples being carried out repeatedly the result of ingot check).The gold that is reclaimed by above-mentioned button shape thing is 6.16g, and the bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry before smelting leaches in the step and detects 0.14g gold (altogether) on the employed filter paper.This is equivalent to from initial sub-sample, reclaim 6.3g gold altogether, and reclaims 10.06 * 0.604=6.076g gold for the ingot check expection of initial sub-sample.0.368g the income that the method for golden incremental representation the application of the invention obtains.
Embodiment 2
Gold gravity concentration (GGC)---raw material (a)
To in the corrodibility prussiate, carry out desorb from the golden charcoal that carries of gravity metalworking line, in the electrowinning groove, handle stripping liquid.Collect from the cathode material of this groove and negative electrode sludge and in 25%HCl, soaked 2 hours, from sample, to leach steel wool.The cleaning and removing residual material is also dry, so that 12.5kg to be provided raw material.
Through crushing and this raw material of broken homogenizing, and be divided into the sub-sample of a plurality of 10g with shaking table.Except that these 10g sub-samples, adopt standard method to smelt the remainder of material, find that commercial callable gold is 77.06% gold medal.
Gold carbon slurry method (CIP) concentrate---raw material (b)
To in the corrodibility prussiate, carry out desorb from the golden charcoal that carries of C-I-P production line, in the electrowinning groove, handle stripping liquid.Collect from the cathode material of this groove and negative electrode sludge and in 25%HCl, soaked 2 hours, from sample, to leach steel wool.The erase residual material is also dry, so that 12.5kg to be provided raw material.
Through crushing and this raw material of broken homogenizing, and be divided into the sub-sample of a plurality of 10g with shaking table.Except that these 10g sub-samples, adopt standard method to smelt the remainder of material, find that commercial callable gold is 35.04% gold medal.
Leach operation to above-mentioned raw materials (a) with (b) then, comprise that reduction leaching step, alkali leach the combination of step and/or nitric acid leaching step, carry out silver-colored pond then and smelt.
The program that each time leached and the smelting of silver-colored pond is adopted is described below, and the result of acquisition lists in table 1 and the table 2.
Step is leached in reduction
Get the 10g sub-sample and it is added in the reduced liquid.The leaching operation is described below:
With a being added in the beaker that the liquid that comprises 200ml 50%HCl and 8g tin protochloride is housed in the 10g sub-sample.The content of beaker is heated to 80 ℃, and after 5 minutes, beaker is placed in " Soniclean 160T " ultra sonic bath (bath water is 60 ℃, and frequency is 40kHz, and peak power is 250W, and power setting is the 60%=150W of 250W).After 5 minutes, this beaker is reheated and repeats this circulation 2 times in ultrasonic agitation.Obtain resistates through filtering, in water, clean and drying.
Attention: if reduction is leached is not the first leaching step, the leaching resistates of the leaching step before then using.Note, adopt the 10g sub-sample as raw material in the step initial the leaching.
Alkali leaches step
Get the 10g sub-sample and it is added in the alkali lye.Alkali leaches and is described below:
In the future the autoreduction resistates that leaches step (as stated) is added in the caustic lye of soda of 200ml 10%, and be warming up to 80 ℃ 5 minutes, carry out 3 round-robin ultrasonic agitation subsequently as stated.Through filtering the resistates that obtains generation, in water, clean also dry.
Attention: if alkali leaches is not the first leaching step, the leaching resistates of the leaching step before then using.Note, use the 10g sub-sample as raw material in the step initial the leaching.
In 50% nitric acid, leach
Get the 10g sub-sample, and it is added in 200ml 50% nitric acid liquid.Described in a preceding part " step is leached in reduction ", carry out ultrasonic agitation, filtration, cleaning and drying.
Attention: if acidleach goes out not to be that first leaches step, the leaching resistates of the leaching step before then using.Note, use the 10g sub-sample as raw material in the step initial the leaching.
The silver pond smelts
Get 100g silver particulate, it is added in the crucible and in electric furnace, is heated to 1220 ℃.Cut-off directly is the silver strip (thin silver-colored level, every of 10g) of 0.3mm and uses this sheet parcel segmentation material to be smelted (this material is a remaining resistates after leaching step for the 10g sub-sample before) to form silver-colored encapsulation object.From stove, take out the hot crucible that molten silver is housed, and with silver-colored encapsulation object input wherein.Immediately this crucible is sent back in the stove, and reheat to 1220 ℃ 15 minutes.The fusion content of hot crucible is injected button mould and makes its cooling.Remove the boring of slag and make-up shape thing to obtain to be used for the smear metal and the burr of ingot check.
With on the filter paper with infusion solution in residual gold be added in the chloroazotic acid, and the gold that will find in this way is added in the ingot numbering.
Table 1
Table 2
Embodiment 3
500.97g hair gold (being called CIP-2) derives from CIP factory process facility.After the salt s.t. of removing the negative electrode hair, from the production run of hair gold, obtain this sample through representative sampling, and the gold grade of definite sample (commerce by production sample is smelted calculating, through the ingot check of Perth maintage ingot is carried out gold and measures).Find that gold content is 35.04 weight %.
Smelt pre-treatment
10g CIP-2 (through the representative sub-sample of separation by shaking table acquisition) is added into the concentrated nitric acid aqueous solution of the 200ml 50 volume % that are arranged in the 600ml beaker.The hot ultra sonic bath that this beaker is placed on 60 ℃ (in " Soniclean " board, peak power=250W), and stirred 1 hour with peak power.Filtering liquid, and water debris.
To be added into the liquid that contains 8g tin protochloride dehydrate (dissolved), 100ml concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100ml water that is arranged in the 600ml beaker through the resistates of water washing.The hot ultra sonic bath that this beaker is placed on 60 ℃ (in " Soniclean " board, peak power=250W), and stirred 1 hour with peak power.Filtering liquid, and water debris.
Will from before the resistates through water washing of step be added into the aqueous nitric acid of the 200ml 50 volume % that are arranged in the 600ml beaker.The hot ultra sonic bath that this beaker is placed on 60 ℃ (in " Soniclean " board, peak power=250W), and stirred 1 hour with peak power.Filtering liquid, the water debris, and dry.
Through standard technique the liquid that is produced in all filter paper and the above operation is carried out the gold check.
Be described in table 3 below then smelting, obtain to list in the result of table 4 through the exsiccant resistates.
Table 3-metallurgy
Attention: in the smelting of last table 3, particulate mixture is placed in the 250ml fire scorifier available from the Furnace Industries of Perth, AUS.Laden crucible is placed on the inside of electric furnace and makes it reach 1220 ℃, remained on this temperature 15 minutes.The fusion content of hot crucible is injected the hemispherical button mould through preheating, and make its cooling.From mould, take out and buckle the shape thing and, make its drying then at quenching-in water.Separate slag, and will detain the shape thing and deliver to the Umpire Assay Laboratories that is positioned at Perth, AUS and carry out ingot and check.
The total golden yield of table 4-(from smelting and solution/filter paper)
Comparative example 1, embodiment 4 and embodiment 5
Raw material
For comparison purposes, same materials is used for comparative example 1, embodiment 4 and embodiment 5.
From the electrowinning groove, take out the relevant hair gold of negative electrode.Feeding liquid in the electrowinning groove derives from following technical process:
Leach processing gravity gold ore through prussiate, and leach liquor is contacted with gac.
Carry golden carbon desorb so that the electrowinning feeding liquid to be provided with the corrodibility prussiate.
The relevant hair gold of negative electrode is flooded 2 hours with dissolving hair composition in 30% hydrochloric acid.With resistates washing and dry, and with the resistates of the whole washing/dryings of stirrer homogenizing that comprise the twirl oar.The gained mixture comprises the size that the derives from hair gold particulate material less than 5mm, and size is basically less than 1mm.All weigh 16.8Kg through the resistates that stirs.It is used as the raw material among the smelting embodiment (comparative example 1 and embodiment 4 and 5) subsequently.
Comparative example 1-standard smelting process
Adopt conical quartering to get the 10.8Kg above-mentioned raw materials and carry out the standard smelting.In the combustion gas kiln, in plumbago crucible, the 10.8Kg material is smelted, thereby the ingot of the gold (check of Perth Mint ingot) that contains 252.577 troy ounces is provided.
The normal business method relates to uses the mixed flux preparation comprise following substances by weight as fusing assistant:
Borax (2 parts), yellow soda ash (1 part), silica powder (1 part) and SODIUMNITRATE (0.25 part).
10.8Kg fusing assistant preparation is stirred with 10.8Kg hair gold copper-base alloy.In the combustion gas kiln, plumbago crucible is heated to about 1220 ℃, and adds the repeatedly above-mentioned mixed powder of charging.The weight of each charging is about 2kg.Melting material is injected mould, cool off and remove slag layer.Ingot comprises the gold (the ingot check of Perth maintage) of 252.577 troy ounces.This is equivalent to the gold of every 100g hair gold raw material to 2.3387 troy ounces.
Embodiment 4
The 400g raw material is divided into the charging of 4 parts of 100g through conical quartering.
The 1kg borax is added in the clay crucible in the digital electric furnace, and temperature is risen to 1220 ℃.In this temperature, borax is a homogeneous flow body fluid.The 200g copper powder is added in the vitrified borax, and makes crucible contents return back to 1220 ℃.In this temperature, copper forms the molten bath below vitrified borax.The 100g raw material of charging for the first time is added in the crucible, and raw material passes vitrified borax and is settled down in the copper molten bath.After 10 minutes, with temperature retrieval to 1220 ℃.The 100g raw material of charging is added in the crucible for the second time then.After 10 minutes, add the 100g raw material of charging for the third time, thereby operation is repeated once to add four parts of chargings of final interpolation again, and all correlated responses are accomplished.Melting material is injected mould and cooling.Remove slag composition, find that ingot contains the gold of 9.769 troy ounces (the ingot check of Perth maintage).This is equivalent to the gold of every 100g hair gold raw material to 2.4422 troy ounces.Compare with above-mentioned standard smelting process, this is equivalent to 4.43% golden increment.
Embodiment 5
The 400g raw material is divided into the charging of 4 parts of 100g.
The 1kg borax is added in the clay crucible in the digital electric furnace, and temperature is risen to 1220 ℃.In this temperature, borax is a homogeneous flow body fluid.Be added in the vitrified borax with the copper powder of 10 minutes intervals, and make crucible contents return back to 1220 ℃ two parts of chargings of every part of 200g.In this temperature, copper forms the molten bath below vitrified borax.The 100g raw material of charging for the first time is added in the crucible, and raw material passes vitrified borax and is settled down in the copper molten bath.After 10 minutes, with temperature retrieval to 1220 ℃.The 100g raw material of charging is added in the crucible for the second time then.After 10 minutes, add the 100g raw material of charging for the third time, operation is repeated once to feed finally to use up four parts again, and all correlated responses are accomplished.Melting material is injected mould and cooling.Remove slag composition, find that ingot contains the gold of 9.788 troy ounces (the ingot check of Perth maintage).This is equivalent to the gold of every 100g hair gold raw material to 2.4470 troy ounces.Compare with above-mentioned standard smelting process, this is equivalent to 4.63% golden increment.
Claims (54)
1. one kind is reclaimed golden method from contain golden raw material, and said method comprises: formation comprises the molten bath that is selected from least a collecting agent metal in the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals; With the said raw material of at least a portion is added in the molten bath of said collecting agent metal.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said collecting agent metal comprises and is selected from least a in copper and the silver.
3. each described method as in the aforementioned claim, wherein, said raw material and collecting agent are particle form, and said method comprises by the particulate mixture that comprises particulate material and particle collecting agent and forms said molten bath.
4. each described method as in the aforementioned claim, wherein, said raw material comprises at least a in the following substances:
A. the negative electrode associated materials that in the stripping liquid electrolytic process, forms;
B. the anode associated materials that in electrorefining process, forms from the copper of base metal cast anode or other base metals; With
C. gravity is golden.
5. like each described method in the aforementioned claim, wherein, said raw material packet is contained in the negative electrode associated materials that forms in the stripping liquid electrolytic process.
6. like each described method in the aforementioned claim, said method comprises molten bath that forms initial collecting agent metal and the particulate material that adds the one or many charging.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, said raw material adds with the mode of repeatedly charging, and each charging comprises at least 5 gram raw materials.
8. like claim 6 or the described method of claim 7; Wherein, said raw material adds with the mode of repeatedly charging, wherein; Each charging comprises below the weight that begins to add this said molten bath of when filling with substance half the, is preferably below 1/4th of weight that begin to add this said molten bath of when filling with substance.
9. like each described method in the claim 1～8; Wherein, Said method also comprises the steps as initial step: form the molten bath of fusing assistant and (i) collecting agent is added in the fusion fusing assistant, (ii) the said raw material of at least a portion is added in the molten bath of said collecting agent metal; And, wherein (i) and (ii) can add simultaneously or add respectively.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 wherein, (i) with is (ii) added respectively, and before adding said raw material, is added said collecting agent metal.
11. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, said collecting agent metal adds with the order charging method, and the weight of each charging greater than 5 grams and when beginning to add said molten bath weight 50%, preferably less than 25%.
12., wherein, under not with the situation of said raw material and fusing assistant blend, said raw material is added in the fusion collecting agent metal like each described method in the claim 1～8.
13. like each described method in the claim 9～11, wherein, said fusing assistant comprises the borax of at least 30 weight %, preferably comprises the borax of at least 80 weight %.
14. like each described method in the claim 1～8, wherein, said particulate material mixture also comprises fusing assistant.
15. like claim 1 or the described method of claim 2, wherein, said molten bath is partly formed by the particulate material that is encapsulated in the sheet material at least in part, said sheet material comprises at least a metal that is selected from the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals.
16. as each described method in the aforementioned claim, wherein, through the body that is used for said material is imported said molten bath in mutually like pipelines such as vitrified pipes, contain in the molten bath that golden raw material is added into said collecting agent metal said.
17., wherein, in crucible, smelt rich golden raw material and also comprise like each described method in the aforementioned claim:
In said crucible, form the molten bath of fusing assistant;
Below the molten bath of said fusing assistant, form the molten bath that is selected from the collecting agent metal in the group of forming by copper, silver, gold and platinum metals; With
The golden raw material of said richness is added in the molten bath of said fusing assistant.
18. like each described method in the claim 9～17, wherein, said collecting agent metal comprises copper.
19. like claim 17 or the described method of claim 18, wherein, said raw material is sneaked in the molten bath of said collecting agent metal.
20. like each described method in the aforementioned claim, wherein, the molten bath of said collecting agent metal forms through following method: the collecting agent metal is added in the molten bath of fusing assistant, and the temperature that is not less than said collecting agent melting point metal is provided.
21. like each described method in the aforementioned claim, wherein, the molten bath of said collecting agent metal forms through the collecting agent metal that adds rough segmentation, the particle diameter of the collecting agent metal of said rough segmentation is preferably 1mm at least.
22. as each described method in the aforementioned claim, wherein, the amount of said collecting agent metal is 5000 parts of collecting agent metal/100 part raw materials at the most, for example 5 parts～5000 parts collecting agent metal/100 part raw materials.
23. as each described method in the aforementioned claim; Wherein, Carry out in following container with the step of adding raw material in the molten bath that forms said metal, and said container comprises carbon that is less than 10% weight (be preferably and be less than 5 weight %) and the carbide that is less than 10% weight (be preferably and be less than 5 weight %).
24. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein, said container is an earthenware porcelain receptacle, preferably clay.
25. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein, said container is a crucible, and the molten bath of said collecting agent metal extends on the major part of bottom of said crucible, preferably extends to the sidewall of said crucible.
26., wherein, mould is injected to form ingot bar, ingot or dore in said molten bath like each described method in the aforementioned claim.
27. as each described method that reclaims gold in the aforementioned claim; Said method also comprises handling and saidly contains golden raw material and remove base metal with part at least, forms then to comprise the molten bath that is selected from least a metal in the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals.
28. method as claimed in claim 27, said method comprise that the use leach liquor contains golden raw material and leaches said, thereby from the said base metal of removing significant quantity the golden raw material that contains.
29. like claim 27 or the described method of claim 28, wherein, said base metal comprises lead or iron.
30. like each described method in the claim 27～29; Wherein, To contained the gold ore that golden raw material produces and remained on following temperature by said, said temperature is low to moderate to be enough to avoid leached before removing the base metal part and in said concentrate, form fused environment wholly or in part carrying out water-based.
31. as each described method in the aforementioned claim, wherein, saidly contain golden raw material and comprise the platinum metals that is less than 3ppm, preferably be less than 1ppm.
32., wherein, in the water-based leaching process, contain golden raw material and carry out ultrasonic agitation to said like each described method in the claim 27～31.
33. like each described method in the claim 27～32; Wherein, The said leaching that contains golden raw material is handled and is comprised plural leaching step to remove or to promote to remove base metal, and preferably, at least one leaches step is that reduction is leached and another leaching step is that nitric acid leaches.
34. like each described method in the claim 27～33; Wherein, said water-based leach liquor comprises at least a in the following substances: alkali aqueous solution, aqueous acid, water-based reduction leach liquor and plumbous part use sequestrant and wherein two or more mixtures.
35. like each described method in the claim 27～34, wherein, said water-based leach liquor comprises aqueous acid, is preferably hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, more preferably the nitric acid of the hydrochloric acid of 0.5M～5M or 0.5M～10M, the more preferably nitric acid of 1M～5M.
36. like each described method in the claim 27～35; Wherein, Said water-based leach liquor comprises one or more plumbous parts and uses complexing agent, said complexing agent to be selected from the group of being made up of carboxylic acid and salt, polyamino carboxylic acid and salt reagent thereof, disulphide reagent and poly-phosphate reagent, oxymuriate, perchlorate, alkali, muriate, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate and peroxide stilbene-4,4'-bis-(1-azo-3, 4-dihydroxy-benzene)-2,2'-disulfonate.
37. like each described method in the claim 27～36; Wherein, (a) said carboxylic acid is selected from the group of being made up of Hydrocerol A, lactic acid, acetate, formic acid, isopropylformic acid, Xaxa and their salt, and (b) said muriate is selected from the group of being made up of ammonium chloride, sodium-chlor, Repone K, calcium chloride and strontium chloride.
38. like each described method in the claim 27～37, wherein, the method that said part is at least removed base metal is strengthened through ultrasonic agitation.
39. like each described method in the claim 27～38, wherein, said water-based leach liquor comprises at least a reduction system that is selected from the group of being made up of one or more reductive agents, the reduction system that comprises reducing electrode or their combination.
40. like each described method in the claim 27～39; Wherein, Said water-based leach liquor comprises water-based reagent, and said water-based reagent comprises at least a material that is selected from the group of being made up of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, alkali, sugar of lead, sequestrant, carboxylic acid and salt thereof, oxymuriate, perchlorate, muriate, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate and peracetic dithionite.
41. like each described method in the claim 27～40; Wherein, Said method also is included in said reduction and leaches before the step in following water-based liquid and to contain golden raw material and leach said, and said water-based liquid comprises one or more reagent that are selected from the group of being made up of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, alkali, sugar of lead, sequestrant, carboxylic acid and salt thereof, oxymuriate, perchlorate, muriate, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate and peracetic dithionite.
42. like each described method in the claim 27～41; Wherein, Said method comprises that also making the solid residue that in the water-based reduced liquid, leaches gained in following water-based liquid, carry out at least one leaches step, and said water-based liquid comprises the reagent that is selected from the group of being made up of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, alkali, sugar of lead, sequestrant, carboxylic acid and salt thereof, oxymuriate, perchlorate, muriate, silicofluoride, phenolsulfonate and peracetic dithionite.
43. like each described method in the claim 27～42, wherein, said water-based leach liquor is a tart water-based reduced liquid, preferably pH is less than 1.
44. like each described method in the claim 27～43; Wherein, Said water-based leach liquor comprises following reduced liquid; Said reduced liquid comprises at least a reagent that is selected from the group of being made up of following substances: (A) be selected from the metals species in the group of being made up of chromium (Cr II), tin (Sn II), copper (Cu I) and titanium (Ti II, Ti III), most preferably be tin (Sn II); (B) metal-free reductive agent preferably is selected from sulphite, is mixed with the organic acid and the oxalic acid of sulphite.
45. like each described method in the claim 27～44, wherein, said water-based leach liquor comprises at least a metal-free reductive agent that is selected from sulphite and oxalic acid.
46. like each described method in the claim 27～45, wherein, said water-based leach liquor comprises stannous ion, is preferably the tin protochloride form.
47. like each described method in the claim 27～46; Wherein, Said reduced liquid comprises at least a base metal sequestrant, and said base metal sequestrant preferably is selected from the group of being made up of beta-diketon, amino polycarboxylic acid, amino polycarboxylate, carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt and polyphosphonate.
48. like each described method in the claim 27～47; Wherein, Contain golden raw material and leach said with the water-based leach liquor that comprises reduction leach liquor and/or acid leaching liquor, leach with alkali lye then, said alkali lye preferably pH greater than 13 alkali lye; Being more preferably pH greater than 14 alkali lye, most preferably is that concentration is the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of at least 5 weight %.
49. like each described method in the claim 27～48, wherein, the use leach liquor contains step that golden raw material leaches and also comprises with the frequency of 10kHz～60kHz the relevant gold ore of said negative electrode is carried out ultrasonic irradiation said.
50. like each described method in the claim 27～49, wherein, remove sufficient base metal,, preferably be less than 0.1 weight % so that the slag under no fusing assistant smelting condition forms the 1 weight % that is less than said molten bath.
51. as each described method in the aforementioned claim; Wherein, Contain the segmentation of golden raw material with said, the particle that passes through 100 microns screen clothes of at least 50 weight % preferably is provided through wet sieving, the particle that passes through 100 microns screen clothes of at least 80 weight % more preferably is provided.
52. one kind is used for from containing the system that golden raw material reclaims gold, said system comprises:
-being used to form the unit in molten bath, said molten bath comprises at least a metal that is selected from the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals; With
-be used for the said raw material of at least a portion is added into the unit of said metal pool.
53. the system that reclaims gold as claimed in claim 52, said system also comprises the unit that is used to form the fusing assistant molten bath, is selected from the said at least a metal fusion in said molten bath in the group of being made up of copper, silver, gold and platinum metals.
54. claim 1 is described and basically as here with reference to the described method of embodiment.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
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| US21367209P | 2009-07-01 | 2009-07-01 | |
| US61/213,672 | 2009-07-01 | ||
| US32717610P | 2010-04-23 | 2010-04-23 | |
| US61/327,176 | 2010-04-23 | ||
| PCT/AU2010/000841 WO2011000051A1 (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2010-07-01 | Smelting method |
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| CN102549177A true CN102549177A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| US (1) | US20120144959A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102549177A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2010268687A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2766812A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011000051A1 (en) |
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| CN106092693A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 吉林省地质科学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of gold loaded carbon gold analytical standard material |
| CN107119195A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-01 | 山东河西黄金集团有限公司 | The method that gold and copper are reclaimed based on the high Fe gold mines of high S and the direct melting of copper-bearing waste material |
| CN113737013A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-03 | 中南大学 | Method for low-temperature trapping and recovering platinum group metal in waste catalyst |
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| US20150329934A1 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-19 | Rulon W. Dahl | Dahl Process |
| CN105441676A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-03-30 | 甘肃鑫合化工科技有限责任公司 | Environment-friendly mineral separation agent and preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106092693A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 吉林省地质科学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of gold loaded carbon gold analytical standard material |
| CN106092693B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2019-01-11 | 吉林省地质科学研究所 | A kind of preparation method of gold loaded carbon gold analytical standard substance |
| CN107119195A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-01 | 山东河西黄金集团有限公司 | The method that gold and copper are reclaimed based on the high Fe gold mines of high S and the direct melting of copper-bearing waste material |
| CN107119195B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-01-04 | 山东河西黄金集团有限公司 | Method based on high S high Fe gold mine and copper-bearing waste material direct melting recycling gold and copper |
| CN113737013A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-03 | 中南大学 | Method for low-temperature trapping and recovering platinum group metal in waste catalyst |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2010268687A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| US20120144959A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
| WO2011000051A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
| CA2766812A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
| ZA201108998B (en) | 2012-08-29 |
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