CN102686803A

CN102686803A - Biodegradable molded products

Info

Publication number: CN102686803A
Application number: CN2010800437282A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·默罕萨斯·纳拉亚纳萨梅
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-02-09
Filing date: 2010-02-09
Publication date: 2012-09-19
Also published as: WO2011099837A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a process of manufacturing 100% biodegradable molded products. The process includes the use of materials such as starch, and corn wastes such as corncobs, cornstem, corn roots and cornleaves. Accordingly, the corn wastes are pulverized and added to a determined ratio of water and starch to produce a pulp mixture. The pulp mixture is then molded into desired shape of products using determined amount of pulp mixture to prevent wastage. The biodegradable molded products require no coating for water resistance or trimming unlike previous products which are produced using conventional processes. These biodegradable molded products can be molded into various uses such as food catering utensils, packaging and containers for various industries. The resulting biodegradable product is inexpensive, 100% biodegradable and useful.

Description

Biodegradable moulded product

Technical field

The present invention relates to prepare the method for the biodegradable moulded product of food-grade.More specifically, the container that the present invention relates to be used to pack and store is used biodegradable product.

Background technology

Be used for packing in production, the industrial materials of food table ware and many purposes use plastics usually.The instance of these plastics comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide (nylon), polyester and polyurethane.These plastics are durable, and their degradeds are very slow.Make plastics durable chemical bond like this make its tolerate natural degradation process equally.The use of non-biodegradable plastics material causes the threat to environment, wherein toxic materials every year with increment be discarded into continuously in the refuse landfill with environment in.Therefore, manufacturer begin recently by Biodegradable material for example starch make packaging material.

To introduce in the market, by biodegradable (compost) packaging material that biopolymer (BP) is made to reduce the amount of conventional packaging material.Biodegradable plastics is when being exposed to daylight, water or wet branch, bacterium, enzyme, some situation lower gnawing tooth order harmful animal or insect infestations, or the plastics that can decompose or degrade when the biodegradation of other form or environment degradable.Biological plastics or organic plastics are to be derived from the renewable biomass for example plastic form of vegetable oil, cornstarch, pea starch or microbiotas of originating, rather than are derived from the fossil-fuel plastic form of oil.The instance of biological plastics comprises starch plastics, PLA (PLA) plastics and many other plastics.Considering though they are used as biological plastics, is not biodegradable all, does not therefore provide the solution of eliminating or minimizing threatens global environmental pollution.

Attempted standard device with utilize technical finesse starch known in the plastics industry.For example, United States Patent(USP) No. 4,863,655; 5,035,930 and 5,043,196 disclose composition and the method that is used to prepare the foaming starch material with at least 45 weight % amylose contents.High amylose content is expensive, makes product wet and use in upsurge and is highly susceptible in the condition of storage shrinking and deterioration.This is infeasible, because final products must have elasticity and dimensionally stable in transportation, storage or the temperature that runs between the operating period.

Foregoing invention does not all have to use or the biodegradable moulded product that is made by food grade materials is fully produced in suggestion; Use therein key component or material source be from the refuse of food crops, make its very economically feasible be the effective solution of eliminating or reduce soil pollution.Other technology depends on their a large amount of crop products very much, and it need be planted, gathers in the crops and handle.Therefore; Need to propose a kind of method, this method is the basic food grade materials that uses in composition, causes safer, biodegradable and does not contain the moulded product of chemicals; Simultaneously has high elasticity and under unusual economic price for a large amount of uses of the product of wide region.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to produce the method for 100% biodegradable moulded product.Said method comprises uses the for example material of starch and corn refuse.The corn refuse will comprise the whole crops except that iblet, i.e. for example corn ear, cornstalk, corn root and maize leaves.Therefore, with the efflorescence of corn refuse and the water and the starch that add definite ratio, to produce pulp mixture.Utilize the pulp mixture of the amount of confirming subsequently, pulp mixture is molded as required shape of product, to prevent loss.Molding process is carried out at elevated temperatures, to give permanent form of moulded product and shape, also makes the water evaporation that wherein contains simultaneously.With utilize that conventional method produces before product different, biodegradable moulded product does not need coating to be used for water proofing property.These biodegradable moulded products can moldedly be used for multiple use, and table ware for example is used for the packing and the container of multiple industry.The gained biodegradable product is the cheapness that is suitable for the consumer product of wide region, biodegradable and elastomeric packaging material.

The specific embodiment

The present invention provides the corn ear, maize leaves, corn root or the cornstalk that are used to from the corn refuse as its initial material, the method for producing 100% biodegradable moulded product.This paper has described the preferred embodiments of the invention.However, it should be understood that it only is in order to promote to discuss the present invention that description is confined to the preferred embodiments of the invention, and imagination those skilled in the art can design multiple modification and equivalence under the condition that does not depart from the accompanying claims scope.

In producing moulded product, the corn refuse is used as initial material.From various sources, preferably wherein with corn ear, maize leaves, corn root or cornstalk various sources collection corn refuses as refuse.These are planted therein, gather in the crops and handle in the zone of corn and can obtain easily and cheaply, and it will be dropped in other cases.Before use, from the corn refuse, remove unwanted material, for example sand, soil particle.With thoroughly cleaning and the washing of corn refuse, to remove any unwanted foreign matter, for example sand and dust.Utilize the efflorescence equipment that is generally used for the efflorescence vegetable material that the efflorescence of corn refuse is become paper pulp subsequently.

Paper pulp mixes with starch with the about 20 weight %-50 weight % of total restatement subsequently.Tapioca is the preferred starch in this method.Yet, can use other starch, for example sago starch, farina, sweet potato starch, cornstarch and rice starch.Optional with in zein (it is a kind of corn protein) the adding mixture.The function of zein in this process is to serve as adhesive and to moulded product the improvement tolerance about wet branch and organic or non-organic solvent is provided.Except using zein, can also use other adhesive, for example amylase, amylopectin, alginic acid, tragacanth, PVP and carboxymethyl cellulose.Selected adhesive is added in the mixture with 1 weight %-2 weight %.The mixture that subsequently water is added paper pulp and starch with the ratio of 30%-50 weight %.

Table 1: the weight percent of each material

Material	Part by weight (%)
		The corn refuse	30-60
Starch	20-50
		Water	30-50
Adhesive	1-2

Utilize common mixing arrangement thoroughly to mix the pulp mixture that contains paper pulp, starch, water and zein subsequently, fully mix until mixture.Usually, but the cost about 15-30 minute with formation molded mixture.When needing, can the food-grade coloring material be added in the pulp mixture, so that painted back product to be provided.Should understand, can add for example plasticizer of other known in industry reagent, softening agent, or releasing agent.Yet longer incorporation time also is an option, because this will cause moulded product whiter (whiter) refining.When needing, can utilize or adopt known method, moulded product experience is further handled, for example the surface is refining, face coat, finishing.

But the ratio of molded pulp mixture was confirmed before molding process with amount.But the molded mixture that will depend on the predetermined weight of target final products is positioned in the mould.Molded pulp mixture in mould subsequently is with the temperature about 20-50 second of mold heated to 150-200 ℃.Parameter also depends on the character of the composition and the final products of used material, pulp mixture, for example thickness, shape and size.But heating will make the molded pulp mixture harden into molded products according to used mould.But heating process is removed the branch that dries from the molded pulp mixture, and goods are shaped.But heating process also guarantees to remove the microorganism that exists in the molded pulp mixture that possibly cause defective in the moulded product.

In case moulded product is shaped, subsequently it is taken out from mould and cool off.The whole cycle of producing needs 20-50 second.Whether subsequently, be different from conventional process (the final products needs are further regulated again thus), moulded product is ready to, it is repaired or minimum finishing according to any demand decision.The spraying and the coating that can utilize food grade materials that the finished product moulded product is chosen wantonly.

But the ratio of various materials depends on the characteristic of deriving of final products in the molded pulp mixture.For example, the composition of corn refuse and starch possibly change between 10%-50% in the pulp mixture.Therefore, can corresponding adjusting starch and the amount of water to supply the composition of pulp mixture.For producing some product for example cup, dish, hamburger box etc., corn ear is an embodiment preferred.For other different product, for example packaging material, container and other products, other corn refuse for example maize leaves and cornstalk can be blended together and use with the ratio that changes with corn ear.In addition, according to final products, can not have to utilize other corn refuse with the variation ratio under the condition of corn ear yet.

Novelty of the present invention is to use the corn refuse, and this corn refuse has been removed at the useful part of corn, particularly iblet and has been used for being dropped usually after other purposes.In addition, utilizing this method to produce product is not contain chemicals.Therefore, this makes that product is a food-grade, compare with the other products that utilizes the preparation of other method safer be dirt cheap.The moulded product tolerance is wet to divide and tolerance organic matter or non-organic matter.They also are suitable for the microwave utilization and are stored under the cold temperature.For waiting that the pulp mixture amount of putting into mould is scheduled to, to produce minimum or not produce waste.

Different with the product that utilizes other current conventional method (wherein product needed is repaired before use) to produce, need not repair or finishing that needs are minimum.This has reduced the cost of labour and energy.The finished product moulded product need not use coating spraying to divide and multiple solvent so that better refining and tolerance is wet.When before molded, but with before the corn protein mentioned or other examples of adhesives when being blended in the molded pulp mixture, do not need coating in this method.Therefore, need not repair and spray, entire method consumption energy, cost still less also needs lower labor cost.In addition, before molded said product, can fungicide, antiseptic, the screening agent that is used to prevent stink or smell, food grade colorant be added pulp mixture.

Product according to method described herein preparation includes but not limited to: cup, and plate, bowl, dish, plate-like " clamshell style " container has the hamburger box of hinge and lock and the industrial packaging of all kinds and stored article.

Claims

1. method that is used to produce the biodegradable food grade products of multiple shape, wherein step comprises:

The corn refuse efflorescence that a. will not contain foreign matter becomes paper pulp;

B. starch is added paper pulp;

C. water is added paper pulp;

D. will be from step (a) but-pulp mixture that (c) obtains is mixed into molded mixture;

But molded mixture that e. will the amount of confirming is put into mould;

F. but molded mixture is pressed into moulded product;

G. make the moulded product sclerosis through heating; With

H. from mould, remove moulded product.

2. the process of claim 1 wherein that the ratio of corn refuse is 30 weight %-60 weight %, the ratio of starch is that the ratio of 20 weight %-50 weight % and water is 30 weight %-50 weight %.

3. the process of claim 1 wherein that the corn refuse that uses is selected from corn ear, maize leaves, corn root and cornstalk.

4. the process of claim 1 wherein but adhesive is included in the molded mixture.

5. the method for claim 4, the ratio that wherein adds the adhesive of pulp mixture is 1 weight %-2 weight %.

6. the method for claim 4, use therein adhesive are selected from following one or more: zein, amylase, amylopectin, alginic acid, tragacanth, PVP and carboxymethyl cellulose.

7. the process of claim 1 wherein that the starch that uses is selected from following one or more: tapioca, sago starch, farina, sweet potato starch, cornstarch and rice starch.

8. the process of claim 1 wherein that the temperature of when forming moulded product, using is in 150 ℃-200 ℃.

9. the process of claim 1 wherein that but in mould, forming moulded product is 20 seconds-50 seconds.

10. the moulded product of producing according to claim 1-9.

11. a method that is used to produce the biodegradable food grade products of multiple shape, wherein step comprises:

The corn refuse that is selected from corn ear, maize leaves, corn root or cornstalk that a. will not contain foreign matter becomes paper pulp with the ratio efflorescence of 30%-60%;

One or more the starch of use that b. will be selected from tapioca, sago starch, farina, sweet potato starch, cornstarch and the rice starch adds paper pulp with the ratio of 20 weight %-50 weight %;

C. with the ratio adding paper pulp of water with 30 weight %-50 weight %;

The pulp mixture of d. will be from step (c) but obtaining is mixed into molded mixture;

But molded mixture that e. will the amount of confirming is put into mould;

F. but molded mixture is formed moulded product;

But g. make the molded mixture sclerosis through being heated to 150 ℃-200 ℃; With

H. from mould, remove moulded product.

12. the method for claim 11, but wherein adhesive is included in the molded mixture.

13. the method for claim 11, the ratio that wherein adds the adhesive of pulp mixture are 1 weight %-2 weight %.

14. the method for claim 12, use therein adhesive are selected from following one or more: zein, amylase, amylopectin, alginic acid, tragacanth, PVP and carboxymethyl cellulose.

15. the method for claim 11 is 20 seconds-50 seconds but wherein in mould, form moulded product.

16. moulded product according to claim 1-9 or each production of claim 10-15.

17. a biodegradable food-grade moulded product, wherein said product contains the material of corn refuse, starch and zein or other adhesive.