CN102721710A - Device and method for acquiring dynamic distribution of diffusible hydrogen under static load gradient tensile stress - Google Patents
Device and method for acquiring dynamic distribution of diffusible hydrogen under static load gradient tensile stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721710A CN102721710A CN2012102337913A CN201210233791A CN102721710A CN 102721710 A CN102721710 A CN 102721710A CN 2012102337913 A CN2012102337913 A CN 2012102337913A CN 201210233791 A CN201210233791 A CN 201210233791A CN 102721710 A CN102721710 A CN 102721710A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for acquiring the dynamic distribution of diffusible hydrogen under static load gradient tensile stress, in particular to a device and a method for acquiring the distribution of diffusible hydrogen of metal in a static load gradient tensile stress field, and aims to solve the problem that a conventional device and method for simply and visually researching the tensile stress and the distribution of diffusible hydrogen are absent. The scheme of the device is that a first groove and a second groove which are both rectangular grooves are formed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of each loading block, the first grooves are longer than the second grooves, the grooves are through in the width direction, and loading bolts penetrate the loading blocks and are in threaded connection with the loading blocks. The scheme of the method is that sample processing and loading, stress measurement, electrochemical hydrogen charging and diffusible hydrogen collection are included. The device and the method, provided by the invention, are used for researching the dynamic distribution of diffusible hydrogen in the stress field after electrochemical hydrogen charging is performed on the metal under the static load gradient tensile stress condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal device and method that diffusible hydrogen distributes in static load gradient tension field that obtains.
Background technology
Under constant load (or permanent displacement) condition, thereby atomic hydrogen just causes that forming core, the expansion of hydrogen induced cracking cause hysteresis (will the pass through certain hour) phenomenon of rupture under the low stress (even far below yield stress) to be called hydrogen and to cause delayed fracture through stress induced diffusion enrichment after critical value.Hydrogen under this low stress causes delayed fracture and often causes catastrophic fracture accident.In essence, the diffusion process of hydrogen and its chemical potential in steel is closely related, and under the driving of chemical potential energy poor (being chemical gradient), hydrogen will spread to the low place of chemical potential from the high place of chemical potential, until reaching balance.It is with regard to the strain field generation reciprocation of ability and H when having normal stress in the metal, and this interaction makes the chemical potential of hydrogen descend, and causes hydrogen to locate enrichment to this.The place that normal stress is different, reciprocation is different, and the chemical potential reduction amount of hydrogen is just different, so hydrogen is easy to the diffusion of tension larger part, and promptly stress makes hydrogen generation uphill diffusion.Three-dimensional tension (hydrostatic stress) is located hydrogen concentration and is higher than average hydrogen concentration, and the hydrogen concentration at compressive stress place then is lower than average hydrogen concentration.Through stress induced diffusion, hydrogen will be to region of high stress enrichment, after the sufficiently long time; Hydrogen concentration distribution will reach stationary value; Hydrogen richness in material is very low, when being not enough to produce irreversible hydrogen damage, and still can be in drawing process through the diffusion enrichment of stress induced hydrogen; Thereby crackle under low external carbuncle (or hole) is expanded with regard to forming core, thereby causes the decline of plasticity and toughness to influence its military service security.Undoubtedly, material hydrogen causes the reciprocation that tension and diffusible hydrogen are depended in the delayed fracture behavior to a great extent, present research about stress induced hydrogen diffusion theory; Still lack the simple and direct research method; Therefore, be necessary to obtain metal under the static load stretching condition, the DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION of diffusible hydrogen in stress field; For stress induced hydrogen diffusion theory obtains to cause delayed fracture mechanism with material hydrogen advanced acquisition means are provided, can also foundation be provided for analysis crack propagation mechanism simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of device and method that obtains diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION under the static load gradient tension, to solve the problem that present shortage simple, intuitive obtains the device and method of tension and diffusible hydrogen distribution situation.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of taking to be: the device scheme: said device comprises loading bolt and two loading blocks; All have first groove and second groove on the upper surface of each loading blocks and the lower surface; First groove and second groove are rectangular recess; The length of first groove is greater than the length of second groove, and first groove and the second groove broad ways connect, and loading bolt passes loading blocks and is threaded with loading blocks.
The method scheme: said method is accomplished based on such test specimen; Sample is made up of first metallic object, second metallic object and the 3rd metallic object, and the xsect of first metallic object and the 3rd metallic object is the T font, and the xsect of second metallic object is an isosceles trapezoid; The vertical section bottom surface with second metallic object of first metallic object is connected processes one; Process one for vertical section of the upper bottom surface of second metallic object and the 3rd metallic object, said method comprises the steps: step 1, sample processing and loads: will wait to fill the hydrogen sample and handle by the requirement of metallographic sample, and keep the hydrogen face that fills; Its lap has silica gel sealing; With two samples pack into corresponding first groove and second groove, the precession loading bolt loads sample, and the size that adds stress according to need is confirmed the distance of advancing of loading bolt;
The present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention obtains metal under static load gradient tension condition, carries out galvanochemistry and fills after the hydrogen, the device and method of the DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION behavior of diffusible hydrogen in stress field.Can realize changing within the specific limits the purpose of gradient tension field size and gradient thereof through adjustment test button shape; Thereby change the condition of hydrogen diffusion, for stress induced hydrogen diffusion theory obtains to cause the acquisition means that delayed fracture mechanism provides the advanced person with material hydrogen.
The metal material that the present invention can obtain to receive static load stretch gradient stress is carrying out after galvanochemistry fills hydrogen; The DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION behavior of diffusible hydrogen in stress field; Also can realize tension size, gradient and galvanochemistry are filled the control of hydrogen technology, remedy existing galvanochemistry and filled hydrogen methods and can not obtain the defective of gradient tension the behavioral implications of diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION.Realize changing within the specific limits tension field size and gradient thereof through adjustment test button shape, thereby change the condition of hydrogen diffusion, for stress induced hydrogen diffusion theory obtains to cause the acquisition means that delayed fracture mechanism provides the advanced person with material hydrogen.Static load gradient tension does not still have the apparatus and method of rational evaluation at present to the influence of diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION behavior at present.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an apparatus structure synoptic diagram according to the invention; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sample, and Fig. 3 is a sample loading procedure structural representation, and Fig. 4 is the sample second metallic object part finite element analogy stress envelope; Fig. 5 is the second metallic object part axis direction stress distribution; Fig. 6 is a vertically section part finite element analogy stress distribution of sample the 3rd metallic object, and Fig. 7 is a vertically section part axis direction stress distribution of sample the 3rd metallic object, and Fig. 8 is the sample second metallic object part diffusible hydrogen distribution photo; Fig. 9 is that picture is handled diffusible hydrogen distribution plan in little rectangular area, axis, forward position, and Figure 10 is that picture is handled the back along diffusible hydrogen distribution plan in little rectangular area, axis.
Embodiment one: combine Fig. 1 that this embodiment is described; The device of this embodiment comprises loading bolt 1 and two loading blocks 2; All have the first groove 2-1 and the second groove 2-2 on the upper surface of each loading blocks 2 and the lower surface, the first groove 2-1 and the second groove 2-2 are rectangular recess, and the length of the first groove 2-1 is greater than the length of the second groove 2-2; The first groove 2-1 and the second groove 2-2 broad ways connect, and loading bolt 1 passes loading blocks 2 and is threaded with loading blocks.
Embodiment two: combine Fig. 1 that this embodiment is described, the face of the first groove 2-1 on Width of this embodiment is arc surface, and the advantage of this structure is to reduce stress to concentrate.Other embodiment is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: combine Fig. 2-Fig. 8 that this embodiment is described; The method of this embodiment is accomplished based on such test specimen; Sample 3 is made up of the first metallic object 3-1, the second metallic object 3-2 and the 3rd metallic object 3-3; The xsect of the first metallic object 3-1 and the 3rd metallic object 3-3 is the T font; The xsect of the second metallic object 3-2 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the vertical section bottom surface with the second metallic object 3-2 of the first metallic object 3-1 is connected processes one, processes one for vertical section of the upper bottom surface of the second metallic object 3-2 and the 3rd metallic object 3-3;
Said method comprises the steps: step 1, sample processing and loads: will wait to fill the hydrogen sample and handle by the requirement of metallographic sample; Keep the hydrogen face that fills; Its lap has silica gel sealing; With two samples pack into the corresponding first groove 2-1 and the second groove 2-2,1 pair of sample of precession loading bolt loads, and the size that adds stress according to need is confirmed the distance of advancing of loading bolt 1;
Embodiment four: combine Fig. 9 and Figure 10 that this embodiment is described; The method of this embodiment also comprises step 5 and step 6; Step 5, diffusible hydrogen data processing: according to the diffusible hydrogen photo; Use image analysis software Matlab statistical computation goes out the bubble diameter and the number of trapezoidal sample diverse location of particular moment, converses the effusion hydrogen quantity of each position, and unit is mm
3/ mm
2, mapping obtains different diffusible hydrogen distribution curves constantly, the different diffusible hydrogen amount additions of same position constantly, can make diffusible hydrogen total amount distribution curve; Step 6, set up corresponding relation between diffusible hydrogen content and the stress distribution: can know through FEM calculation; It is that the trapezoid area meridional stress is distributed as graded, is the center with the axis at trapezoid area uniformly that sample rectangle part meridional stress distributes; Select little rectangle region of the wide 3mm of long 10mm; This rectangle region is divided into some horizontal stripes, and the meridional stress on each unit of horizontal stripe is identical, can obtain concrete numerical value through FEM calculation during loading; Between horizontal stripe and the horizontal stripe meridional stress along the axis direction distribution gradient, use diffusible hydrogen quantity on different each horizontal stripe constantly of image analysis software statistics; Can set up sample thus along the quantitative relationship between STRESS VARIATION and the diffusible hydrogen in the little rectangle region in axis.Other embodiment is identical with embodiment three.
Claims (4)
1. device that obtains diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION under the static load gradient tension; It is characterized in that said device comprises loading bolt (1) and two loading blocks (2); All have first groove (2-1) and second groove (2-2) on upper surface of each loading blocks (2) and the lower surface; First groove (2-1) and second groove (2-2) are rectangular recess; The length of first groove (2-1) is greater than the length of second groove (2-2), and first groove (2-1) connects with second groove (2-2) broad ways, and loading bolt (1) passes loading blocks (2) and is threaded with loading blocks.
2. according to the device of diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION under the said acquisition static load of the claim 1 gradient tension, it is characterized in that the face of first groove (2-1) on Width is arc surface.
3. use the said device of claim 1 to obtain the method for diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION under the static load gradient tension; Said method is accomplished based on such test specimen; Sample (3) is made up of first metallic object (3-1), second metallic object (3-2) and the 3rd metallic object (3-3), and the xsect of first metallic object (3-1) and the 3rd metallic object (3-3) is the T font, and the xsect of second metallic object (3-2) is an isosceles trapezoid; The vertical section bottom surface with second metallic object (3-2) of first metallic object (3-1) is connected processes one; Process one for vertical section of the upper bottom surface of second metallic object (3-2) and the 3rd metallic object (3-3), it is characterized in that said method comprises the steps: step 1, sample processing and loading: will wait to fill the hydrogen sample and handle, and keep the hydrogen face that fills by the requirement of metallographic sample; Its lap has silica gel sealing; With two samples pack into corresponding first groove (2-1) and second groove (2-2), precession loading bolt (1) loads sample, and the size that adds stress according to need is confirmed the distance of advancing of loading bolt (1);
Step 2, stress measurement: vertical section at the 3rd metallic object (3-3) that will wait to fill the hydrogen sample is sticked foil gauge (4); Measure the vertically strain of section through the static strain measuring instrument; And calculate this position stress distribution, calculate the stress distribution of second metallic object (3-2) of sample (3) then through the Marc finite element software;
Step 3, galvanochemistry are filled hydrogen: at first, get the aqueous sulfuric acid of sulfuric acid and distilled water preparation 0.5-2mol/L, the aqueous sulfuric acid for preparing is poured in the electrolytic cell; Then, use platinum electrode as anode, wait to fill the hydrogen sample as negative electrode, anode is connected the corresponding positive and negative electrode of direct supply respectively with negative electrode, connects direct supply, and will wait to fill the hydrogen sample and put into the electrolytic cell that electrolytic solution is housed; At last, according to loading specimen surface long-pending size and steel grade kind, adjustment is filled hydrogen strength of current to 10-100mA/cm
2, fill hydrogen to loading sample, filling the hydrogen time is 1-36 hour;
Step 4, diffusible hydrogen are collected: the loading sample fills hydrogen and finishes, and with 4% nital etch polished surface, is coated with the collection liquid of one deck glycerine as bubble hydrogen at the specimen surface that polishes, and adds cover glass; Be placed into sample under the electron microscope at room temperature to observe and take pictures, when largest air bubbles diameter Taking Pictures recording and change glycerine during near the 85%-90% of thickness, sample is observed and is taken pictures till effusion hydrogen no longer changes.
4. according to the method for diffusible hydrogen DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION under the said acquisition static load of the claim 3 gradient tension; It is characterized in that said method also comprises step 5 and step 6; Step 5, diffusible hydrogen data processing: according to the diffusible hydrogen photo; Use image analysis software Matlab statistical computation goes out the bubble diameter and the number of trapezoidal sample diverse location of particular moment, converses the effusion hydrogen quantity of each position, and unit is mm
3/ mm
2, mapping obtains different diffusible hydrogen distribution curves constantly, the different diffusible hydrogen amount additions of same position constantly, can make diffusible hydrogen total amount distribution curve; Step 6, set up corresponding relation between diffusible hydrogen content and the stress distribution: at trapezoid area is the center with the axis; Select little rectangle region of the wide 3mm of long 10mm; This rectangle region is divided into some horizontal stripes, and the meridional stress on each unit of horizontal stripe is identical, can obtain concrete numerical value through FEM calculation during loading; Between horizontal stripe and the horizontal stripe meridional stress along the axis direction distribution gradient, use diffusible hydrogen quantity on different each horizontal stripe constantly of image analysis software statistics; Can set up sample thus along the quantitative relationship between STRESS VARIATION and the diffusible hydrogen in the little rectangle region in axis.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104897744A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-09-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Metal hydrogen permeation behavior research device and method |
| CN108279188A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | One kind is for measuring electrochemical hydrogen permeation curve device under tensile load |
| CN112986523A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Method for displaying existence of diffusible hydrogen in welding seam on production site |
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| CN112986523A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Method for displaying existence of diffusible hydrogen in welding seam on production site |
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| CN102721710B (en) | 2014-04-09 |
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