CN102725464B - 用于地板镶板的机械锁定系统及其榫舌 - Google Patents

用于地板镶板的机械锁定系统及其榫舌 Download PDF

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CN102725464B
CN102725464B CN201180007207.6A CN201180007207A CN102725464B CN 102725464 B CN102725464 B CN 102725464B CN 201180007207 A CN201180007207 A CN 201180007207A CN 102725464 B CN102725464 B CN 102725464B
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D·佩尔万
A·帕尔松
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Valinge Innovation AB
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    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
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    • E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
    • E04F13/0894—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections with tongue and groove connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
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    • E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
    • E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
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    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0169—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is perpendicular to the abutting edges and parallel to the main plane, possibly combined with a sliding movement
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    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04F2201/044—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues or grooves comprising elements which are not manufactured in one piece with the sheets, plates or panels but which are permanently fixedly connected to the sheets, plates or panels, e.g. at the factory
    • E04F2201/049—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues or grooves comprising elements which are not manufactured in one piece with the sheets, plates or panels but which are permanently fixedly connected to the sheets, plates or panels, e.g. at the factory wherein the elements are made of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
    • E04F2201/0535—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape adapted for snap locking
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
    • E04F2201/0558—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape adapted to be rotated around an axis perpendicular to the joint edge
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
    • E04F2201/0564—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape depending on the use of specific materials
    • E04F2201/0588—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape depending on the use of specific materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials

Abstract

本发明涉及地板镶板（1b，1c），所述地板镶板设有包括榫舌的机械锁定系统，所述榫舌具有允许通过竖直转动运动进行锁定的摇臂。

Description

用于地板镶板的机械锁定系统及其榫舌
技术领域
本发明的实施例总的涉及用于地板镶板和建筑镶板、尤其是具有可以通过竖直折叠(vertical folding)而锁定的机械锁定系统的地板镶板的机械锁定系统的领域。
背景技术
本发明的应用领域
本发明的实施例尤其适用于由通过锁定系统机械接合的地板镶板形成的浮式地板，该锁定系统与该地板镶板是一体的，即在工厂中被安装，该地板镶板由一个或多个饰面(veneer)上层、装饰性层压板、基于固体粉末的表面、装饰性塑料材料和类似表面、基于木质纤维材料或塑料材料的中间芯部和优选地位于该芯部的背面上的下部平衡层构成。因此，作为非限制性的示例，下文对已知技术、已知系统的问题以及本发明的目的和特征的描述将首先针对此应用领域且，尤其是针对具有长边和短边的形成为矩形地板镶板的浮式地板，所述矩形地板镶板设计成在长边和短边两者上机械接合。长边和短边主要用于简化本发明的描述。镶板可以是正方形的并且可以具有多于四个的边，这些边彼此不平行或垂直。
应强调，本发明可以应用于任何地板镶板并且可以与所有类型的已知锁定系统相结合，其中地板镶板设计成使用机械锁定系统接合，该机械锁定系统在水平和/或竖直方向上将镶板连接在至少两个相邻的边上。因此，例如，本发明还可以应用于实木地板，具有木质或木质纤维基材料的芯部以及木质或木质饰面等的表面的镶木地板，具有经印制的且优选地还上清漆的表面的地板，具有塑料或软木、油布、橡胶或类似物的表面层并具有不包括木材的芯部材料例如塑料或矿物纤维和类似物的地板。甚至包括具有硬表面如石料、陶瓷和类似物的地板，以及具有软耐磨层例如胶粘在板块上的针刺毛毡的地板。本发明还可以用于接合优选包含板材的建筑镶板，例如墙壁镶板、天花板、家具部件和类似物。
发明背景
层压地板通常包括：6-12mm纤维板芯部；0.1-0.8mm厚的上部装饰性层压表面层；以及0.1-0.6mm厚的由层压板、塑料、纸或类似材料形成的下部平衡层。层压表面可以包括三聚氰胺浸渍的纸。近来已开发出印制表面和无木质纤维基纸的层压表面。最常用的芯部材料是具有高密度和良好稳定性的通常称为HDF(高密度纤维板)的纤维板。有时也使用MDF(中密度纤维板)作为芯部。
浮式层压和木质地板镶板通常借助于所谓的机械锁定系统机械接合。这些系统包括水平和竖直锁定镶板的锁定装置。机械锁定系统通常通过加工镶板的芯部而形成。
可选择地，锁定系统的一些部分可以由单独的材料形成，这些单独的材料与地板镶板成一体，即，结合地板镶板的制造与地板镶板接合。
具有机械锁定系统的浮式地板的主要优点是它们易于安装。还可以容易地将它们再次取下并在不同位置再次使用。尽管多年来已完成生产成本和功能的许多改进，但仍需要进一步的改进。
一些术语的定义
在下文中，安装好的地板镶板的可见表面被称为“正面”，而地板镶板的面向底层地板的相对侧面被称为“背面”。正面与背面之间的边缘称为“接合边缘”。“水平面(HP)或主平面”是指平行于表面层的外部部分延伸的平面。两个接合的地板镶板的两个相邻接合边缘的紧密并置的上部部分共同限定了垂直于水平面的“竖直面(VP)”。“水平”是指平行于水平面，而“竖直”是指平行于竖直面。“上或向上”是指朝向正面，而“下或向下”是指朝向背面。“向内”是指基本水平地朝向镶板的内部部分，而“向外”是指基本水平地远离镶板的内部部分。“板条镶板”是指包括板条和锁定元件的镶板。“凹槽镶板”是指具有设计成与锁定元件配合以用于水平锁定的锁定凹槽的镶板。
已知技术及其问题
下文对已知技术的描述在可应用部分中也用于本发明的实施例。
为了在竖直和水平方向上将长边及短边机械接合，可以使用若干方法和锁定系统。最常用的方法之一是斜向卡合(angle-snap)法，最常用的锁定系统之一是与芯部一体形成的系统。通过斜接(angling)来安装和锁定长边。镶板然后在位于锁定位置的同时沿长边移位。通过水平卡合来锁定短边。
一种可选方法是所谓的斜接-斜接法，其中通过斜接来锁定长边和短边。
近来，已开发出一种新型的更简单的方法，其中可以仅通过长边的斜接来接合所有地板镶板。通常称为竖直折叠的这种安装方法在图1-4中示出。
通过斜接将新的镶板1c锁定到先前安装的第一镶板1a上。这种斜接动作自动将新的镶板1c的一个短边与安装并锁定在第一镶板1a上的第二镶板1b的相邻短边连接。短边1b、1c的竖直和水平锁定通过竖直转动剪刀状运动而发生，其中当新的镶板1c的长边通过斜接连接到先前安装的在相邻的一行中的第一镶板1a的长边时，柔性榫舌30从一个边缘向内逐渐向另一个边缘移位。当新的镶板1c被向下朝底层地板倾斜时，在新的镶板1c的折叠期间，在大多数情况下由塑料区段制成的柔性榫舌自动卡合并锁定。可移位榫舌移位两次，首先向内移位到移位凹槽32中，然后向外移位到榫舌凹槽31中。通过榫舌沿接头的水平弯曲而产生柔性。柔性榫舌的一部分在折叠期间被压向其内部位置，如图2所示，而其它部分位于完全未锁定位置。当两个边缘1b、1c如图3所示位于同一平面内并竖直锁定时，柔性榫舌卡合在最终锁定位置。具有锁定元件8的板条6与锁定凹槽14配合并且水平地锁定镶板。
柔性榫舌通常连接到板条镶板1b的边缘。它也可以连接到凹槽镶板1c。市场上最常用的榫舌之一是如图4所示的刚毛状榫舌(bristle tongue)30，其具有包括若干柔性凸起部10的内部部分和外部刚性部分30’。
已知的柔性榫舌的主要问题是，榫舌必须由相当柔性的材料制成，在折叠期间卡合产生阻力，并且榫舌的主要部分在锁定期间必须在凹槽中移位。
如果可以不通过上述双向卡合动作并且仅通过有限的移位和材料弯曲来完成锁定，则可以改进上述类型的向下折叠锁定系统的功能。如果榫舌能以相当固定的方式连接在凹槽中，则这是有利的。
存在可以通过与扭转结合的竖直转动而锁定的已知系统，例如WO2008/004960的图6(Innovation AB)中所示的系统。这种锁定系统存在若干缺点。榫舌难以连接到凹槽中，因为整个榫舌在锁定期间必须竖直转动。榫舌的主要部分朝开口的凹槽暴露。这使得整个锁定系统对跨接头切割镶板很敏感，并且榫舌可能易于损坏或从凹槽脱落。该榫舌在运输和材料处理期间也可能转动。必须去除大量材料以便形成可容纳这种转动卡合系统的空腔或凹槽。这以负面方式影响了边缘的稳定性。
发明内容
本发明的实施例的基本目的是提供一种包括榫舌的改进的机械锁定系统，在没有任何在锁定期间向内和向外移位的卡合部件的情况下，该榫舌在折叠期间自动锁定。
实施例的第一个具体目的是形成一种具有简单截面的非卡合榫舌，该榫舌可以连接在具有有限深度的水平延伸的固定凹槽中，该凹槽包围并保护榫舌的主要部分。
实施例的第二个具体目的是形成一种榫舌，其中榫舌的主要部分可以牢固地固定到凹槽中，并且仅榫舌的一些部分在固定凹槽的内部和/或外部移位。
通过根据独立权利要求的机械锁定系统和地板镶板来完全或部分实现本发明的实施例的上述目的。从从属权利要求以及说明书和附图可以显见本发明的实施例。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一组地板镶板，该组地板镶板可通过竖直转动运动沿一对相邻的边缘彼此机械连接，使得处于连接状态下的所述地板镶板的上部接合边缘限定竖直面。所述地板镶板中的每一个均包括在镶板的第一边缘上的具有平行于第一边缘延伸的长度方向的榫舌和在镶板的相对的第二边缘上的榫舌凹槽，该榫舌凹槽用于接纳相邻镶板的榫舌，以在竖直方向上将所述相邻边缘机械锁定在一起。榫舌具有安装在第一边缘中的侧向开口固定凹槽中的内部部分和延伸超出竖直面的外部部分。内部部分被固定在侧向开口固定凹槽中。榫舌包括在榫舌的长度方向上延伸的一个或若干摇臂。每个摇臂均包括在锁定期间与第二边缘相接触的可移位挤压凸起部，和在锁定位置与榫舌凹槽配合的可移位锁定凸起部。当挤压凸起部朝榫舌的内部部分被挤压并向内移位时，锁定凸起部远离榫舌主体向外移位。
所述地板镶板还可以包括在第一边缘处与镶板一体形成的锁定元件和位于相对的第二边缘处的锁定凹槽。锁定凹槽朝向镶板的面对底层地板的背面开口。锁定元件和锁定凹槽形成垂直于竖直面的水平机械连接。榫舌优选包括由与芯部不同的单独材料形成的弹性部分。通过两个镶板利用结合的竖直和转动运动朝向彼此移位，可以通过竖直折叠将镶板机械接合在一起。每个摇臂的挤压和锁定凸起部优选定位在不同的竖直和水平位置。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种包括榫舌主体的榫舌，该榫舌主体具有狭长形状和长度方向。该榫舌用于连接在建筑镶板中形成的凹槽中，其中该榫舌包括沿其长度定位并在榫舌的长度方向上延伸的一个或若干摇臂。摇臂的一部分在摇臂的另一部分朝榫舌主体被挤压并向内移位时远离榫舌主体向外移位。
上述锁定系统和榫舌允许镶板在不使用任何起作用的并形成卡合阻力的卡合部件的情况下，在竖直折叠或竖直移位期间被自动锁定。可以通过具有有限的柔性并在生产、运输和安装期间被固定在固定凹槽中的榫舌获得牢固的锁定。仅需要摇臂的相当有限的水平转动来竖直锁定镶板。
与竖直锁定有关的实施例和原理还可以用于通过水平移位来连接建筑镶板。
榫舌优选在工厂中被连接，但当然可以采用坯料形式(in blanks)或者作为单独的自由部件被单独输送并在安装期间被插入凹槽中。
附图说明
图1-4示出了现有技术。
图5a-5d示出了本发明的实施例。
图6a-6f示出了通过旋转榫舌部分实现的竖直折叠。
图7a-7d示出了榫舌坯料和具有倾斜的移位凹槽的第二实施例。
图7e示出了通过水平运动锁定边缘的锁定系统。
具体实施方式
为有利于理解，附图中的若干锁定系统被示意性示出。应强调，可以使用优选实施例的组合来实现改进的或不同的功能。
图5a-5d示出了根据本发明一个实施例的榫舌30。图5a和图5b示出了榫舌30，该榫舌30插入镶板1b的固定凹槽32中，包括具有榫舌主体29和通过紧固装置21连接到榫舌主体29的摇臂20的内部部分IP。
图5c示出了摇臂包括位于挤压臂26上的挤压凸起部22和位于锁定臂27上的锁定凸起部23。摇臂设计成使得当挤压凸起部22朝榫舌主体29被挤压并向内移位时，锁定凸起部23远离榫舌主体29向外移位。摇臂优选设计成使得它在锁定期间可以水平转动约3-10度。空腔51有助于所述转动，该空腔51形成在榫舌主体29与挤压臂26之间，允许挤压臂转动并朝榫舌主体向内移位。优选在锁定臂27与榫舌主体29之间还形成空腔52。
若干摇臂优选沿榫舌的长度方向L定位，如图5b和图5d所示。摇臂可以具有不同形状和长度，并且一些摇臂可以成形为镜像并沿榫舌在不同方向上定向。优选摇臂具有超过固定凹槽32的深度的长度。
榫舌优选通过摩擦连接部28连接到固定凹槽32。若干榫舌可以沿边缘但也可以彼此上下地连接在凹槽中。摩擦连接部28可以设计成使得榫舌以相当松弛的方式或者以具有紧密摩擦的相当固定的方式被连接。甚至可以使用胶粘或卡合连接(其中芯部材料被弯曲或压缩)以将榫舌固定到固定凹槽32中。摩擦连接部28可以位于能够竖直挠曲的凸起部分上以消除制造公差。
图6a-6f示出了两个相邻的边缘1b、1c通过结合的竖直和转动运动而竖直折叠和连接。榫舌优选连接到包括板条6的板条镶板1b，该板条6具有锁定元件8，该锁定元件8与相邻的镶板边缘中的锁定凹槽14配合以便水平锁定边缘。榫舌也可以连接到包括锁定凹槽14和榫舌凹槽31的凹槽镶板。图6d示出了位于未锁定位置的两个相邻边缘1b和1c的两个截面A-A和B-B。A-A是在锁定凸起部23处剖开的，而B-B是在挤压凸起部22处剖开的，其还在图6b和6c中示出。锁定凸起部23位于其内部位置，而挤压凸起部22位于其外部位置并突出超过竖直面VP。凹槽镶板1c优选包括优选形成为斜面的下部滑动表面41，该下部滑动表面41与挤压凸起部22的优选倾斜的或圆滑的(rounded)上表面42配合。
图6e示出了挤压凸起部22被凹槽镶板1c的下部部分、优选地下部滑动表面41向内挤压并导致摇臂20的转动运动，如图6b和6c所示，使得锁定凸起部23朝在相邻边缘中形成的榫舌凹槽31向外移位。该转动主要通过弹性紧固装置21的弯曲完成。
图6f示出了当锁定凸起部23与榫舌凹槽31相接触并在平行于竖直面VP的竖直方向上锁定边缘时，位于锁定位置的边缘的截面。挤压凸起部22抵靠凹槽镶板1c的锁定边缘45被水平锁定。挤压凸起部22的外部部分46优选位于锁定凸起部23的外部部分47的下方。
锁定可以基本上仅通过基本在水平面内的转动运动来完成。挤压和锁定凸起部优选是在基本相同的平面内转动。如果榫舌凹槽31和锁定凸起部23优选具有相对于水平面倾斜的接触表面43、44，则有利于这种转动。这种倾斜优选为10-50度。如果榫舌凹槽锁定表面44比锁定凸起部23的锁定表面43更加倾斜则是有利的。
锁定还可以与挤压和锁定臂的弯曲结合。锁定系统也可以设计成使得锁定凸起部在锁定期间抵靠相邻的边缘形成压力，由此摇臂在锁定期间和/或在锁定位置略微弯曲。当榫舌凹槽31位于允许锁定凸起部的外部部分47进入榫舌凹槽31的位置时，这种压力被部分或完全释放。
优选的是，在锁定凸起部与榫舌凹槽之间具有水平预张力的情况下完成最终锁定。这种预张力用于克服制造公差并将相邻的边缘1b、1c朝彼此竖直挤压，以便优选实现板条6与凹槽镶板1c的相邻接合部分53之间的紧密竖直配合。
摇臂的构造可以适配于相邻边缘在折叠期间的接触角度。图6a示出了抵靠其位置靠近长边边缘1b’并与其它挤压凸起部相距一定距离的挤压凸起部进行的挤压以高于抵靠其位置靠近相对的自由长边边缘1b”的挤压凸起部进行挤压的角度开始。
长边和短边用于简化描述。镶板可以是正方形的。
图7a、图7b示出了榫舌和包括若干榫舌的榫舌坯料50。非常高级的榫舌形状可以使用注射模制塑料部件形成，并且每个摇臂可以具有单独的设计。挤压和/或锁定凸起部的截面可以在沿榫舌定位的摇臂之间变化。
如果摇臂紧凑并彼此靠近地定位以使得许多锁定凸起部在锁定期间起作用，则这是有利的。在小而厚的镶板中，仅有一个摇臂即可。在大多数应用中，应使用若干摇臂。紧固装置21之间的距离D优选应不超过地板厚度T的四倍。可以形成非常紧凑的榫舌，其中紧固装置21之间的距离D仅为地板厚度的大约2倍。这意味着7-10mm层压地板中的锁定系统可以包括距离为大约2cm的若干锁定凸起部，这提供了非常牢固的竖直锁定。
紧固装置21之间沿榫舌的距离优选大于挤压凸起部22与锁定凸起部23之间的距离。
如果锁定凸起部23如图7c所示非常紧凑则是有利的。挤压凸起部沿边缘的长度优选小于地板厚度。
图7d示出如果固定凹槽32相对水平面HP倾斜则是有利的。这有利于榫舌插入固定凹槽中，并且能通过较低的挤压力实现挤压延伸部的转动。此实施例包括具有倾斜的配合锁定表面的锁定元件8和锁定凹槽14。这种实施例也可以通过斜接来锁定和解锁。
上述原理可以用于提供以与已知系统相同的方式卡合的锁定系统。挤压和/或锁定凸起部可以形成为使得它们在锁定期间向内和向外移位，以便它们卡合在榫舌凹槽中。
图7e示出了所有上述原理和实施例可以用于通过相对于彼此水平移位而水平地锁定地板镶板。榫舌30位于竖直延伸的固定凹槽32’中，该固定凹槽32’可以形成在凹槽镶板1’中并且开口朝向背面，或者形成在板条镶板1上并且开口朝向正面。榫舌10和凹槽9可以用于竖直锁定镶板。在此实施例中，摇臂将在竖直面中转动或卡合。固定凹槽可以是倾斜的，并且可以使用若干圆滑的或斜切的滑动表面来促进摇臂的竖直旋转或卡合。
在图1-4中所述类型的向下折叠系统中描述和使用的所有已知材料可以用于形成根据本发明的榫舌。摇臂榫舌可以适配成配合在已知的刚毛状榫舌的移位凹槽中，并且可以使用相同的插入设备。
摇臂当然可以形成为具有一个或两个支腿，并且形成为在锁定期间可以向内和向外弯曲。这种榫舌可以用于通过卡合动作来连接地板镶板，其中摇臂在锁定期间向内移位并向外卡合。

Claims (25)

1.一组地板镶板(1b，1c)，所述地板镶板能够通过竖直运动沿一对相邻边缘彼此机械连接，以便处于连接状态的所述地板镶板的上部接合边缘限定竖直面(VP)，所述地板镶板中的每一个均包括：
位于镶板(1b)的第一边缘上的榫舌(30)，所述榫舌(30)具有平行于所述第一边缘延伸的长度方向(L)；
位于所述镶板的相对的第二边缘(1c)上的榫舌凹槽(31)，所述榫舌凹槽(31)用于接纳相邻镶板的榫舌，以用于在竖直方向上将所述相邻边缘机械锁定在一起；
其特征在于，所述榫舌具有安装在所述第一边缘中的侧向开口的固定凹槽(32)中的内部部分(IP)，和延伸超过所述竖直面(VP)的外部部分(OP)，所述内部部分(IP)被固定在所述侧向开口的凹槽(32)中，
其中，所述榫舌包括在所述榫舌的长度方向(L)上延伸的至少一个摇臂(20)，所述摇臂包括在锁定期间与所述第二边缘相接触的可移位的挤压凸起部(22)，和在锁定位置与所述榫舌凹槽(31)配合的可移位的锁定凸起部(23)，
其中，当所述挤压凸起部朝所述榫舌的内部部分被挤压并向内移位时，所述锁定凸起部远离榫舌主体向外移位。
2.如权利要求1所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述榫舌(30)的所述内部部分(IP)包括榫舌主体(29)，所述摇臂(20)包括将所述摇臂与所述榫舌主体(29)连接的紧固装置(21)。
3.如权利要求2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述紧固装置(21)是柔性的并且位于所述挤压凸起部(22)与所述锁定凸起部(23)之间。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述挤压凸起部(22)从挤压臂(26)突出，所述锁定凸起部(23)从锁定臂(27)突出。
5.如权利要求4所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述锁定凸起部(23)以预张力抵靠所述榫舌凹槽被锁定。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述榫舌凹槽(31)形成在所述镶板的芯部中并朝所述竖直面开口。
7.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述地板镶板设有垂直于所述竖直面水平地锁定镶板的水平机械连接部。
8.如权利要求7所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述水平机械连接部包括在所述第一边缘处与镶板一体形成的锁定元件(8)和位于相对的第二边缘处的锁定凹槽(14)，所述锁定凹槽朝镶板的面对底层地板的背面开口。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，地板镶板的该第一边缘和该相对的第二边缘能够通过竖直折叠、结合的竖直和转动运动而机械连接。
10.如权利要求6所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述榫舌(30)包括由与所述芯部不同的单独材料形成的弹性部分。
11.如权利要求10所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述弹性部分由注射模制的塑料材料形成。
12.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述固定凹槽(32)朝竖直面(VP)开口。
13.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述挤压凸起部(22)包括处于未连接状态的所述榫舌的外部部分，所述锁定凸起部(23)包括处于连接状态的外部部分。
14.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述摇臂(20)在锁定期间在平行于镶板表面且垂直于所述竖直面(VP)的水平面(HP)中转动。
15.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述摇臂在所述榫舌的长度方向上彼此间隔开。
16.如权利要求1或2所述的一组地板镶板，其特征在于，所述凸起部与所述榫舌主体间隔开，并且所述榫舌包括形成在所述榫舌主体与所述摇臂之间的空腔。
17.一种榫舌(30)，包括具有狭长形状和长度方向(L)并且适配成连接在建筑镶板中形成的凹槽(32)中的榫舌主体(29)，其特征在于，所述榫舌包括沿所述榫舌的长度定位并在所述榫舌的长度方向上延伸的至少一个摇臂(20)，所述摇臂能够移位以便所述摇臂的一部分可朝所述榫舌主体向内移位，并且所述摇臂的另一部分可远离所述榫舌主体向外移位，
其中，所述摇臂的一部分在所述摇臂的所述另一部分朝所述榫舌主体被挤压并向内移位时远离所述榫舌主体向外移位。
18.如权利要求17所述的榫舌，其特征在于，所述摇臂(20)包括从所述榫舌主体向外突出并且在所述榫舌的长度方向上彼此间隔开的凸起部(22，23)。
19.如权利要求18所述的榫舌，其特征在于，当一个凸起部(22，23)朝所述榫舌主体被挤压并向内移位时，另一个凸起部(23,22)远离所述榫舌主体(29)向外移位。
20.如前述权利要求17-19中任一项所述的榫舌，其特征在于，所述摇臂(20)的至少一部分是柔性的。
21.如前述权利要求17-19中任一项所述的榫舌，其特征在于，所述摇臂(20)包括将所述摇臂连接到所述榫舌主体的紧固装置(21)。
22.如权利要求18或19所述的榫舌，其特征在于，所述凸起部(22，23)与所述榫舌主体间隔开，并且所述榫舌包括形成在所述榫舌主体与所述摇臂(20)之间的空腔(52，53)。
23.如前述权利要求17-19中任一项所述的榫舌，其特征在于，位于其中一个摇臂上的凸起部(22，23)在长度方向上与位于另一个摇臂上的凸起部(22，23)间隔开。
24.如前述权利要求17-19中任一项所述的榫舌，其特征在于，所述榫舌构成榫舌坯料(50)的一部分，所述榫舌坯料包括若干榫舌，并且所述坯料是注射模制的塑料部件。
25.如前述权利要求17-19中任一项所述的榫舌，其特征在于，所述榫舌构造为用于根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的一组地板镶板(1b，1c)。
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US8776473B2 (en) 2014-07-15
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MY159581A (en) 2017-01-13
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CN102725464A (zh) 2012-10-10
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US9428919B2 (en) 2016-08-30
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