CN102847343A - Heavy polluted oil processing device and method thereof - Google Patents
Heavy polluted oil processing device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102847343A CN102847343A CN2012103108998A CN201210310899A CN102847343A CN 102847343 A CN102847343 A CN 102847343A CN 2012103108998 A CN2012103108998 A CN 2012103108998A CN 201210310899 A CN201210310899 A CN 201210310899A CN 102847343 A CN102847343 A CN 102847343A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heavy polluted oil processing device and a method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: heating the heavy polluted oil to be processed to 50-90DEG C, mixing with a de-emulsifier, and inputting to the light phase inlet of a centrifugation extraction separator; heating cycle water in a storing apparatus to 50-90DEG C, and inputting the heated cycle water to the heavy phase inlet of the centrifugation extraction separator; mixing and separating the heavy polluted oil and the cycle water in the centrifugation extraction separator; and respectively outputting the removed polluted oil and sewage from the light phase outlet and the heavy phase outlet of the centrifugation extraction separator, wherein the removed polluted oil and the sewage can be recycled. In the invention, the content of water in the heavy polluted oil is decreased to below 5%, the salt content is decreased to below 35mg/L, and the pollution source and the processing loss are reduced. The method and the device have the advantages of strong adaptability, short oil-water separation time, good dehydration and desalination effect, and low operation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of apparatus and method, especially a kind of heavy dirty oil treatment device and method.
Background technology
Because crude oil self property and processing technology are limit, oil plant all can produce a certain amount of heavy sump oil in process of production.The heavy sump oil mainly contains two sources: the one, and the saline sewage of electrical oil dewatering salt cellar, petroleum tank and other device discharging or the heavy sump oil that oil-polluted water produces after sewage treatment plant's oil removal, flotation, the 2nd, sump oil at the bottom of the tank that cleans out when petroleum tank, the clear tank of heavy oil tank, the processes such as overhaul of the equipments and chemical examination blowdown also can produce a certain amount of heavy sump oil.To be sent to heavy slop tank behind the heavy dirty oil dewatering of collecting preserves.Heavy sump oil complicated component, nature difference is large, and is second-rate, has the colloid of containing, asphalitine height, emulsifying capacity is strong, impurity content high (crude oil demulsifier, flocculant, corrosion inhibiting and descaling agent, bactericide, soda acid etc.), degree of aging is serious, the characteristics that emulsion stability is strong, salt content is high, dehydration difficulty, take off rear moisture usually greater than 10%, even up to 80%.
The generation of a large amount of heavy sump oils has increased the refining losses that installs on the one hand, needs on the other hand more slop tank to store, and not only takes up an area, and has high input, so must process the heavy sump oil.The refinery adopts the method for the sedimentation crude separation of heating usually, and the water content of heavy sump oil is namely sold less than 10%, has reduced the economic benefit of refinery, has also shifted pollution sources.In fact the heavy sump oil contains the hydro carbons of more easy cracking, and the reprocessing value is very high, if but directly sump oil is sent to the distilling apparatus freshening, too high moisture salt content can cause the operation shakiness or rush tower, etching apparatus not only misses one's aim, and also can affect production.Delayed coking unit can freshening heavy sump oil, but the moisture salt content of heavy sump oil is also had certain requirement, and its disposal ability is far smaller than the generation of heavy sump oil.So it is high that the subject matter of heavy sump oil is moisture salt content, must the general wherein most of water and salt remove, water content and salt content are dropped to enough low, just can freshening, could effectively process or utilize.Therefore study the countermeasured to bring inflation under control of heavy sump oil, reclaim oil product more and improve sewage quality, have very high economy and environment benefit.
At present, the method of the normal heavy dirty oil dewatering desalination of adopting mainly contains EDN both at home and abroad, settling methods, centrifugal separation, ultrasonic dehydration method, microwave treatment method, biological treatment etc., or the group technology of two or more methods wherein, be aided with traditional handicrafts such as heating, annotate demulsifier during enforcement to strengthen breakdown of emulsion more, accelerate sedimentation.Above method can both play certain dewatering and desalting effect through experimental verification, and the effect that has is also very good, but also all exists various limitation simultaneously, can't reach the requirement of heavy dirty oil dewatering desalination fully.Ultrasonic dehydration method for example, under the best techniques parameter, the water content of heavy sump oil can be dropped to below 0.5% in the laboratory, salt content also has significant decline, but this method complicated operation requires very high to each technical parameter, the industrialization difficulty, and the dewatering and desalting cycle is long, usually needs more than the sedimentation 2h, and efficient is low.
Therefore, be necessary to develop a kind of method and apparatus of brand-new processing heavy sump oil, satisfy the requirement of heavy dirty oil dewatering desalination.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be difficult to remove for the large quantity of moisture and the salinity that solve in the heavy sump oil, sump oil is difficult to recycle, cause the problems such as environmental pollution and proposed and a kind of the heavy sump oil is carried out integrated treatment, to reach the method for dewatering and desalting, reuse sump oil purpose.
Technical thought of the present invention is: oil plant can produce a large amount of heavy sump oils in process of production, and this kind sump oil has the colloid of containing, asphalitine is high, mobile extreme difference, the characteristics such as emulsifying capacity is strong, and emulsion stability is strong, the breakdown of emulsion difficulty, salt content is high, and the dehydration difficulty is large.
In the heavy sump oil, inject a certain amount of water, can play certain " desaturation " effect, reduce heavy sump oil viscosity, increase its flowability, can promote the water droplet disengaging sump oil of heavy sump oil to enter water simultaneously, strengthen, accelerate dehydration.In addition, when the salt content in the heavy sump oil was very high, the water of adding can also play the effect of " extraction ", and the salt in the heavy sump oil is come out, and reduced its salt content.Demulsifier is the key factor that affects heavy sump oil emulsion stability, adds a certain amount of demulsifier in the heavy sump oil, can strengthen the breakdown of emulsion of heavy sump oil, improves the dewatering and desalting rate, reduces the dewatering and desalting difficulty.Temperature is the key factor that affects the desalination of heavy sump oil breaking emulsion and dewatering, and the heavy sump oil is heated to uniform temperature, can reduce its viscosity, strengthens oil mixing with water, reduces globule sedimentation resistance, increases the profit density contrast, thereby reduces the dehydration difficulty.
It is the novel extraction isolation technics that developed recently gets up that Centrifugical extraction separates, and its equipment collection mixes, is located away from one, relies on the drive of rotation rotary drum and centrifugal force to realize the mixing of liquid-liquid diphase, separate.Centrifugical extraction separation equipment rotary drum High Rotation Speed, the liquid in the annular space produces violent turbulent flow Taylor vortex flow between rotary drum and shell thereby drive, thereby realizes mixing, the extraction of two liquid phases.Because centrifugal force can reach the hundred times of gravity usually, so Centrifugical extraction separation equipment good separating effect, two-phase is carried secretly little after separating, can process that the two-phase density contrast is little, viscosity is large and the system of easy emulsification, and powerful centrifugal force can also accelerate sedimentation, accelerate separating rate, greatly shorten disengaging time, realize separating fast.
Concrete scheme is as follows:
A kind of heavy dirty oil treatment device comprises that storage device, a buffer unit, that a heavy sump oil input port, a demulsifier input port, are provided with the recirculated water input port contain the Centrifugical extraction separation equipment of light phase entrance, heavy liquid inlet, light phase export and heavy out; This heavy sump oil input port and this demulsifier input port are connected with the light phase entrance of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment; The storage device delivery outlet is connected with the heavy liquid inlet of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment, and the input port of buffer unit is connected with the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment.
Further, described storage device also is provided with an input port and is connected with the heavy out of described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment, and in the recirculated water input port valve is set and inputs with controlled circulation water; The delivery outlet of described storage device also is connected with the downstream sewage-treatment plant, and valve is set is connected with the heavy liquid inlet of sewage-treatment plant entrance or described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment to switch described storage device delivery outlet.
Further, the delivery outlet of described buffer unit is connected with downstream unit.
Further, described downstream unit is primary distillation tower, flash column, delayed coking unit or catalytic cracking unit.
Further, described recirculated water is fresh water or fresh water (FW).
Further, the pipeline of described heavy dirty oil treatment device is provided with and accompanies hot charging to put.
A kind of method based on aforesaid heavy dirty oil treatment device is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: pending heavy sump oil, input to the light phase entrance of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment with demulsifier, the recirculated water in the storage device inputs to the heavy liquid inlet of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment;
Step 2: the heavy sump oil mixes, separates in the Centrifugical extraction separation equipment with recirculated water; Taking off rear sump oil, sewage exports from light phase export, the heavy out of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment respectively;
Step 3: take off rear sump oil and recycle through buffer unit input downstream unit.
Further, heavy sump oil temperature range is 50-90 ℃, and the circulating water temperature scope is 50-90 ℃.
Further, circulating water flow is the 10%-800% of heavy sump oil, and described percentage is percent by volume.
Further, described storage device also is provided with an input port and is connected with the heavy out of described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment, and in the recirculated water input port valve is set and inputs with controlled circulation water; The delivery outlet of described storage device also is connected with the downstream sewage-treatment plant, and valve is set is connected with the heavy liquid inlet of sewage-treatment plant entrance or described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment to switch described storage device delivery outlet; Under the normality, the sewage input storage device of the heavy out output of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment carries out further recycling, until recirculated water reaches a default impurity content threshold value in the storage device, then switch storage device output and input channel with output sewage, introducing recirculated water.
Further, the light phase export of described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment is connected with downstream unit, recycles.
Further, described downstream unit is primary distillation tower, flash column, delayed coking unit or catalytic cracking unit.
Above-mentioned Centrifugical extraction separation equipment is the equipment that separates by centrifugal force, is the known usual means of the art.The design feature of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment and principle can be consulted Chinese patent ZL96250989.2, ZL200720103434.X etc., but not as limit.
Take ZL200720103434.X as example, this Centrifugical extraction separation equipment comprises loam cake, extractor shell, rotary drum and motor: described loam cake is embedded to be covered on the extractor shell; Described rotary drum is installed in the center of extractor shell, and extractor shell left-hand thread is on rotary drum, and rotary drum is by rotating shaft and motor linkage; Be provided with heavy phase collecting ring and light phase collecting ring between described extractor shell and the rotor cover, extractor shell between the loam cake of heavy phase collecting ring and extractor shell is provided with heavy out, extraction shell between heavy phase collecting ring and the light phase collecting ring is provided with light phase export, and the extractor shell between light phase collecting ring and the extractor outer casing bottom is provided with import.
Above-mentioned Centrifugical extraction separation equipment working speed does not have particular determination in principle, can regulate by frequency converter, and the common engineer of this technical field can make the selection that suits the requirements flexibly according to actual production.
The kind of above-mentioned adding demulsifier and quantity do not have particular determination in principle, and the common engineer of this technical field can be effective according to heavy sump oil character, expectation, operating condition is made the selection that suits the requirements flexibly.Particularly, demulsifier can use KXDH, NS-21, NS-2003, HR, XDH or HP-1 etc., and demulsifier can be 25mg/L-2500mg/L with the ratio of sump oil;
The default impurity content threshold value that above-mentioned recirculated water reaches when entering sewage-treatment plant does not have particular determination in principle, the common engineer of this technical field can make the selection that suits the requirements flexibly according to actual production, particularly, can be the threshold values such as salt content, oil content or clay content.
The method of the processing heavy sump oil that the present invention proposes, simple to operate, dewatering and desalting is effective, and disengaging time is short, and the moisture salt content of waste oil recovery is low, and directly freshening has good economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the device flow chart of preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein:
1-primary distillation tower 2-slop tank 3,10-preheater 4-blender 5,6-oil pump 7-surge tank 8-Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 9-water pump 11-surge tank
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate content of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, heavy dirty oil treatment device of the present invention, comprise that a slop tank 2, a storage device, a blender 4, a surge tank 7, contain the Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8 of light phase entrance, heavy liquid inlet, light phase export and heavy out, the delivery outlet of slop tank 2, it is heavy sump oil input port, be connected with blender 4 input ports by preheater 3, with will be heated to 50-90 ℃ heavy sump oil with demulsifier in these blender 4 interior mixing, the delivery outlet of blender 4 is connected by oil pump 5 with the light phase entrance of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8.Storage device in the present embodiment is a surge tank 11, this surge tank 11 comprises a fresh water (FW) input port, another input port is connected with recycling sewage with the heavy out of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8, the delivery outlet of this surge tank 11 is connected by preheater 10 and water pump 9 heavy liquid inlet with Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8, inputs to Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8 fresh water (FW) is heated to 50-90 ℃.The entrance of the sewage-treatment plant in the present embodiment is connected with the delivery outlet of surge tank 11, so that fresh water (FW) impurity is processed after reaching finite concentration again.Further, the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8 is communicated with the input port of surge tank 7, and the delivery outlet of surge tank 7 is communicated with downstream unit by oil pump 6, is primary distillation tower 1 in the present embodiment, in order to take off rear sump oil and utilize isolated.Wherein, can also put the install pipeline companion hot charging of heavy dirty oil treatment device, especially take off rear sump oil output channel, in order to keep the flowability of output sump oil.
During concrete the processing, at first enter preheater 3 from slop tank 2 heavy sump oil out, the heavy sump oil is heated to 50～90 ℃; Then the heavy sump oil enters blender 4, adding demulsifier midway, is 150mg/L such as KXDH(injection ratio), NS-21 (the injection ratio is 375 μ g/g), NS-2003(injection ratio be 375 μ g/g), HR(injection ratio is 50 μ g/g), XDH(injection ratio is 150mg/L) or HP-1(injection ratio be 140mg/L); At last, mix fully and be heated to 50～90 ℃ heavy sump oil and be admitted to Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8; On the other hand, the fresh water (FW) of output (such as, desulfurization water) enters preheater 10 and is heated to 50～90 ℃ in the surge tank 11; Then fresh water (FW) enters Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8 through water pump 9 with certain flow; The heavy sump oil mixes, separates in Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8 with fresh water (FW), obtains taking off rear sump oil and sewage; Take off rear sump oil and discharge from the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8 and enter surge tank 7, finally inject primary distillation tower 1 freshening; Sewage is then discharged from the heavy out of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment 8, is back to surge tank 11, with recycling.Treat that the recycled process water impurity in the surge tank 11 reaches certain threshold value, when reaching 10000mg/L such as salt content, switch the output of surge tank 11 and the input of opening fresh water (FW), another path of namely opening water pump 9 outlets enters sewage-treatment plant with sewage, and in time replenishes fresh water (FW).Wherein, described threshold value also can change according to actual needs, and content is also replaceable to be oil content, clay content or other impurity contents.
Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used for explanation the present invention and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually according to normal condition, or the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Unless indicate, otherwise all umbers are volume parts that all percentage is percent by volume.
Embodiment 1
Carry out the heavy sump oil by aforesaid technological process and process, specific as follows:
1. material properties
Heavy sump oil: density 905kg/m
3(20 ℃), viscosity 215.2mm
2/ s (50 ℃), salt content 3000mg/L, water content 20%, heating-up temperature are 70 ℃, flow is 2t/h.
Fresh water (FW): desulfurization water, flow are 2t/h, and heating-up temperature is 70 ℃.
Demulsifier: HR, injection rate 50 μ g/g.
2. Centrifugical extraction separation equipment roller diameter is 350mm, and motor speed is 1800r/min.
3. content assaying method
The sump oil water content is measured according to the mensuration (way of distillation) of GB/T8929-2006 crude oil water content.
The sump oil salt content is measured according to SY/T0536-2008 crude oil desalting content determination (coulometry).
4. effect
After adopting method and apparatus of the present invention to process, it is 1.1% that the mensuration light phase export takes off rear sump oil water content, and dehydration rate is up to 94.5%, and salt content is 33mg/L, takes off rear sump oil and directly injects the primary distillation tower freshening.
Carry out the heavy sump oil by aforesaid technological process and process, specific as follows:
1. material properties
Heavy sump oil: density 965kg/m
3(20 ℃), viscosity 303.1mm
2/ s (50 ℃), salt content 5000mg/L, water content 70%, heating-up temperature are 70 ℃, flow is 3t/h.
Fresh water (FW): desulfurization water, flow are 0.6t/h, and heating-up temperature is 70 ℃.
Demulsifier: NS-21, injection rate 375 μ g/g.
2. Centrifugical extraction separation equipment roller diameter is 350mm, and motor speed is 1800r/min.
3. content assaying method
The sump oil water content is measured according to the mensuration (way of distillation) of GB/T8929-2006 crude oil water content.
The sump oil salt content is measured according to SY/T0536-2008 crude oil desalting content determination (coulometry).
4. effect
After adopting method and apparatus of the present invention to process, it is 2.1% that the mensuration light phase export takes off rear sump oil water content, and dehydration rate is up to 97%, and salt content is 30mg/L, takes off rear sump oil and directly injects the primary distillation tower freshening.
Carry out the heavy sump oil by aforesaid technological process and process, specific as follows:
1. material properties
Heavy sump oil: density 945kg/m
3(20 ℃), viscosity 285.1mm
2/ s (50 ℃), salt content 2500mg/L, water content 50%, heating-up temperature are 70 ℃, flow is 3t/h.
Fresh water (FW): desulfurization water, flow are 1t/h, and heating-up temperature is 70 ℃.
Demulsifier: KXDH, injection rate 150mg/L.
2. Centrifugical extraction separation equipment roller diameter is 350mm, and motor speed is 1800r/min.
3. content assaying method
The sump oil water content is measured according to the mensuration (way of distillation) of GB/T8929-2006 crude oil water content.
The sump oil salt content is measured according to SY/T0536-2008 crude oil desalting content determination (coulometry).
4. effect
After adopting method and apparatus of the present invention to process, it is 1.6% that the mensuration light phase export takes off rear sump oil water content, and dehydration rate is up to 96.0%, and salt content is 26mg/L, takes off rear sump oil and directly injects the primary distillation tower freshening.
Only for the preferred embodiment of invention, be not to limit practical range of the present invention in sum.Be that all equivalences of doing according to the content of the present patent application claim change and modification, all should be technology category of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. heavy dirty oil treatment device, it is characterized in that, comprise that storage device, a buffer unit, that a heavy sump oil input port, a demulsifier input port, are provided with the recirculated water input port contain the Centrifugical extraction separation equipment of light phase entrance, heavy liquid inlet, light phase export and heavy out; This heavy sump oil input port and this demulsifier input port are connected with the light phase entrance of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment; The storage device delivery outlet is connected with the heavy liquid inlet of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment, and the input port of buffer unit is connected with the light phase export of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment.
2. heavy dirty oil treatment device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described storage device also is provided with an input port and is connected with the heavy out of described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment, and in the recirculated water input port valve is set and inputs with controlled circulation water; The delivery outlet of described storage device also is connected with the downstream sewage-treatment plant, and valve is set is connected with the heavy liquid inlet of sewage-treatment plant entrance or described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment to switch described storage device delivery outlet.
3. heavy dirty oil treatment device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the delivery outlet of described buffer unit is connected with downstream unit.
4. heavy dirty oil treatment device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described downstream unit is primary distillation tower, flash column, delayed coking unit or catalytic cracking unit.
5. such as claim 1,2 or 3 described heavy dirty oil treatment devices, it is characterized in that described recirculated water is fresh water or fresh water (FW).
6. such as claim 1,2 or 3 described heavy dirty oil treatment devices, it is characterized in that the pipeline of described heavy dirty oil treatment device is provided with companion's hot charging and puts.
7. the method based on heavy dirty oil treatment device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: pending heavy sump oil, input to the light phase entrance of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment with demulsifier, the recirculated water in the storage device inputs to the heavy liquid inlet of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment;
Step 2: the heavy sump oil mixes, separates in the Centrifugical extraction separation equipment with recirculated water; Taking off rear sump oil, sewage exports from light phase export, the heavy out of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment respectively;
Step 3: take off rear sump oil and recycle through buffer unit input downstream unit.
8. heavy sump oil processing method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, heavy sump oil temperature range is 50-90 ℃, and the circulating water temperature scope is 50-90 ℃.
9. heavy sump oil processing method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described circulating water flow is the 10%-800% of heavy sump oil, and described percentage is percent by volume.
10. heavy sump oil processing method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described storage device also is provided with an input port and is connected with the heavy out of described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment, and in the recirculated water input port valve is set and inputs with controlled circulation water; The delivery outlet of described storage device also is connected with the downstream sewage-treatment plant, and valve is set is connected with the heavy liquid inlet of sewage-treatment plant entrance or described Centrifugical extraction separation equipment to switch described storage device delivery outlet; Under the normality, the sewage input storage device of the heavy out output of Centrifugical extraction separation equipment carries out further recycling, until recirculated water reaches a default impurity content threshold value in the storage device, then switch storage device output and input channel with output sewage, introducing recirculated water.
11. heavy sump oil processing method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described downstream unit is primary distillation tower, flash column, delayed coking unit or catalytic cracking unit.
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