CN102852496A - Middle-deep layer thickened oil deposit mining method - Google Patents
Middle-deep layer thickened oil deposit mining method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a middle-deep layer thickened oil deposit mining method which comprises the following steps of arranging an injection-production pattern in a middle-deep layer thickened oil deposit according to well pattern modes of the existing steam huff and puff old well; conducting steam huff and puff for 1-2 years in newly-drilled vertical injection wells or horizontal injection wells, preheating immediate vicinity of wellbores of a newly-drilled injection well, and forming effective communication between the injection well and the pericardial producing well; continuously injecting steam in the vertical injection wells or the horizontal injection wells, beginning to inject normal-temperature ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution when injected steam achieves designed section plug injection quantity, repeatedly injecting the steam when the continuously-injected ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution achieves the designed section plug injection quantity, injecting in a reciprocating mode in stagger until comprehensive water content rate of extraction liquid of the producing well of the oil deposit achieves 92v%, then stopping staggered injection, and adopting the producing well to continuously extract oil and discharge liquid in an injection process. By means of the middle-deep layer thickened oil deposit mining method, recovery efficiency of the middle-deep layer thickened oil deposit can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exploitation method of heavy crude reservoir, relate in particular to a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, belong to technical field of petroleum extraction.
Background technology
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir refers to the heavy crude reservoir of reservoir buried depth between 900-2000m, and in China's viscous crude field, the heavy crude reservoir that accounts for greatly 60% oil in place belongs to the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir.Mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir for more than 80% has entered many rounds steam soak stage at present, and still present cycle produce oil, gas oil ratio etc. are lower, and deficiency in economic performance is needed the conversion development scheme badly.
Because the underground viscosity of viscous crude is high, flow difficulties, Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oil is very responsive for temperature, along with temperature raises, Crude viscosity sharply reduces, therefore at present flowability significantly improves, and the mode of thickened oil recovery mainly is to take measures to improve crude oil fluidity, improve the profit mobility and recently improve crude oil swept volume and displacement efficiency in the world wide, and the exploitation agent technology of heavy crude reservoir mainly is the heating exploitation technology such as steam soak, steam flooding, SAGD (SAGD).
The steam soak technology refers to periodically inject a certain amount of wet saturated steam in oil reservoir, and the crude oil in the certain limit of heating near wellbore zone reduces its viscosity, by drive a well after a period of time method of crude oil extraction of the stewing well of closing well.
Steam flooding refers under certain well pattern form, is continuously injected the steam of high mass dryness fraction toward oil reservoir by Injection Well, and steam constantly heats oil reservoir, thereby greatly reduces the viscosity of in-place oil.The steam that injects becomes the fluid of heat on the stratum, mother oil displacement around producing well, and is adopted on the ground.The main body substituted technique of steam flooding after as a kind of steam soak can improve recovery ratio more than 20% on the steam soak basis, obtained successful Application in oil fields such as U.S. Kern River.
Steam assisted gravity drainage techniques is that Canadian Bulter in 1978 invents, in the Liaohe Oil Field of Canadian oil-sand mining area, China, the heavy crude reservoir on the ground such as Xinjiang Oilfield obtained successful Application, its principle is steam injection in Injection Well, steam forms vapor chamber in the stratum, vapor chamber upwards reaches sideways expansion, with the crude oil generation interchange of heat in the oil reservoir, the crude oil after the heating and steam condensate (SC) are let out output in the following horizontal production well by Action of Gravity Field.The recovery ratio of steam assisted gravity drainage techniques can reach 40%-60%, is applicable to exploit thickness in monolayer greater than the heavy crude reservoir of 15m.
For the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, the heating exploitation technology such as steam soak, steam flooding, SAGD (SAGD) face a following difficult problem:
(1) the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir buries deeply, and the pit shaft of steam is larger along the journey heat waste, so the steam heat utilization rate is low, and steam flooding, SAGD development effectiveness under the low steam quality condition are poor;
(2) the average effective heated perimeter only has about 30-40m on the mid-deep strata factor of cyclic steam stimulation in heavy oil reservoir plane, therefore need well spacing density just can reach higher recovery ratio less than 50m, but the drilling cost that dense well pattern brings, ground investment and operating cost all increase greatly, and single well controlled reserves is low, and the individual well life cycle is short;
(3) from present in the world on the deep-layer heavy crude development technique, for the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, because heat waste in the steam injection process is too large, except steam soak development technique economic benefit is higher, there is no the development technique means of other economical and efficient.
CN101139923A provides a kind of method for developing deep-layer heavy crude reservoir by carbon dioxide auxiliary steam driving, and the method is to adopt straight well and horizontal well combined steam to drive the exploitation deep-layer heavy crude reservoir, takes simultaneously injecting carbon dioxide gas in steam injection.Carbon dioxide is 8-10 with steam cold water equivalent subsurface volume ratio, and the total injection rate of carbon dioxide is 0.2-0.5PV.The method is to be difficult to satisfy vapour and to drive requirement in order to solve the single steam injection mass dryness fraction of deep-layer heavy crude reservoir tradition, causes the problem that gas oil ratio is low, recovery ratio is low.Carbon dioxide is surmounting condensation water leading edge, and after meeting with the cold oil of front, dissolving part crude oil reduces viscosity, improves crude oil fluidity, shortens the low term that vapour drives initial stage, improves rate of oil production.This mode can improve recovery percent of reserves about 30% on the basis of steam soak, the accumulation gas oil ratio can reach more than 0.2, adds the recovery percent of reserves in the stage of handling up, and overall recovery factor can reach about 50%.But the method weak point is, for the oil reservoir that does not have carbon dioxide air source, needs the higher carbon dioxide of special purchasing price to keep lasting injection, and in addition, ground needs expensive carbon dioxide compressor unit and special-purpose injection device.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of exploitation method of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, adopt ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam to replace the recovery ratio that the displacement of reservoir oil improves the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, the method is to adopt ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the method for exploitation mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, it is to adopt straight well (the old well of steam soak) and new horizontal infill well (the steam injection well that bores, Injection Well) forms straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, perhaps utilize straight well (the old well of steam soak) and new straight well (the steam injection well that bores, Injection Well) forms anti-9 straight well well patterns, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and the high-temperature steam of normal temperature are alternately injected oil reservoir continuously, and producing well recovers the oil continuously.Mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention can may further comprise the steps:
(1), in the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, according to the well pattern form of existing producing well (being the old well of steam soak) flooding pattern is set:
When existing well pattern form is areal well pattern, newly in the middle of the areal well pattern bore vertical Injection Well and form anti-9 straight well flooding patterns, this Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, is lowered to insulated tubing injecting into well;
When existing well pattern form is the linear well pattern of row's shape, the horizontal Injection Well of new brill in the middle of two row's straight well well arrays, form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, the following horizontal segment of sleeve pipe utilizes screen pipe hanger to connect cutting seam sieve tube, be lowered to heat insulation coiled tubing injecting into well, heat insulation coiled tubing is lowered to the heel of Injection Well horizontal segment;
(2), (being generally 2-3 handles up the cycle to carry out steam soak 1-2 at the new vertical Injection Well that bores or horizontal Injection Well, the time in each cycle was generally about half a year to one year), the near wellbore zone of Injection Well is newly bored in preheating, makes Injection Well and forms effective thermal communication on every side between the producing well;
(3), at first to vertical Injection Well or the continuous steam injection of horizontal Injection Well, when steam injection reaches the slug injection rate of design, begin to inject the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of normal temperature, when the injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaches the slug injection rate of design continuously, refill steam, the injection that hockets and so forth until the composite water cut of the producing well Produced Liquid of this oil reservoir stops alternately to inject when reaching 92v%, is adopted the producing well continuous draining in injection process.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, in the step (2) of said method, the steam soak that carries out can carry out according to the original steam soak mode of this mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, for example, the steam soak steam injection rate is controlled to be 100-150t/d, the well head steam dryness control is about 80%, and cyclic steam injection volume is controlled to be 1500-2000t, and the stewing well time in cycle is controlled to be 5-8 days.Through after the steam soak of 1-2, can make the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir between Injection Well and the producing well rise more than 20 ℃.
Exploitation method provided by the present invention utilizes ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the principle that improves the mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir: carbonic hydroammonium is soluble in water, solubility in the time of 0 ℃ in water is 11.3%, solubility when the solubility in the time of 20 ℃ in water is 21%, 40 ℃ in water is 35%.Carbonic hydroammonium is beginning to be decomposed into carbon dioxide, ammonia G﹠W more than 36 ℃, 60 ℃ are decomposed fully, and therefore, under ground normal temperature (24 ℃) condition, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is more stable.In the implementation process of alternately driving, a certain amount of steam is injected first oil reservoir, after being heated to the near wellbore zone more than 60 ℃, under normal temperature condition, inject a certain amount of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, when carbonic hydroammonium enters shaft bottom and oil reservoir and high temperature oil reservoir and high-temperature condensation water and meets, rapidly decomposition reaction can occur, produce a large amount of ammonia and carbon dioxide, thereby so that the volume of injectant increases rapidly greatly, the ammonia that generates and carbon dioxide and crude oil have good intersolubility, therefore, ammonia and carbon dioxide constantly are dissolved in flow process in the crude oil, significantly reduce viscosity of crude, reduce the profit mobility ratio, enlarge remaining oil swept volume between well, improve oil well output and recovery ratio.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir is the oil reservoir that meets the following conditions: the oil reservoir buried depth is 900-2000m, remaining oil saturation＞40%, oil reservoir gross thickness＞10m, clean gross thickness ratio＞0.5, average oil reservoir degree of porosity＞19%, permeability＞100mD, coefficient of permeability variation＜0.7, if grow two oil reservoirs are arranged, then growing between vertical two oil reservoirs has stable interlayer, and oil reservoir top bottom layer is complete closed; If grow an oil reservoir is arranged, then bottom layer in oil reservoir top is complete closed.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, in straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, the horizontal segment of horizontal Injection Well each side comprise three mouthfuls of producing wells.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the concentration of the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that adopts is 22wt%-30wt%.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the steam that adopts is provided by steam heating boiler; More preferably, this steam heating boiler is the skid-mounted type moveable boiler.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the slug injection rate of the design of steam is about 6000-10000 ton.
In above-mentioned exploitation method provided by the invention, preferably, the slug injection rate of the design of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is about 5000-8000 ton.
Fig. 1 is under the straight well inverted nine-spot pattern condition, what ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drove injects from the straight well Injection Well, arrive the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction, in this case, straight well Injection Well 1 injects first the steam of a slug, near the temperature on the stratum rising straight well Injection Well 1, then inject the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of a slug, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution near straight well Injection Well 1 shaft bottom the stratum owing to violent decomposition reaction occurs the Steam Heating oil reservoir, produce a large amount of ammonias and carbon dioxide, because ammonia and flow of carbon dioxide gas speed are far above the flow velocity of condensed water, therefore rate is introduced into displacing front and is dissolved in the crude oil, significantly reduce viscosity of crude, form high gassiness moveable oil district 4, the slower high-temperature condensation water of flow velocity forms high-temperature condensation water district 5 after high gassiness moveable oil district 4, near the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaction zone 6 that the stratum then forms for the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution slug that injects the stratum Injection Well 1 shaft bottom; By ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and the continual alternately injection of steam, high gassiness moveable oil district 4 constantly pushes ahead, and the scope in cold oil district 3 is dwindled gradually, thus the purpose that realizes enlarging swept volume and improve recovery ratio.
Fig. 2 is under the straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern condition, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive from the injection of horizontal well Injection Well, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction; In this case, horizontal Injection Well 9 injects first the steam of a slug, near the temperature on the stratum rising Injection Well 9, then inject the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of a slug, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution near Injection Well 9 shaft bottoms the stratum owing to violent decomposition reaction occurs the Steam Heating oil reservoir, produce a large amount of ammonias and carbon dioxide, because ammonia and flow of carbon dioxide gas speed are far above the flow velocity of condensed water, therefore rate is introduced into displacing front and is dissolved in the crude oil, significantly reduce viscosity of crude, form high gassiness moveable oil district 4, the slower high-temperature condensation water of flow velocity forms high-temperature condensation water district 5 after high gassiness moveable oil district 4, near the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaction zone 6 that the stratum then forms for the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution slug that injects the stratum Injection Well 9 shaft bottoms; By ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and the continual alternately injection of steam, high gassiness moveable oil district 4 constantly pushes ahead, and the scope in cold oil district 3 is dwindled gradually, thus the purpose that realizes enlarging swept volume and improve recovery ratio.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, this employing ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive the method that improves the mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir can carry out according to following concrete steps:
(1) judges whether oil reservoir is fit to the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive
According to oil field geologic feature and exploitation present situation, carry out the oil field coarse screening, the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that suitable ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive meets the following conditions: the oil reservoir buried depth is between 900-2000m, remaining oil saturation＞40%, oil reservoir gross thickness＞10m, clean gross thickness ratio＞0.5, average oil reservoir degree of porosity＞19%, permeability＞100mD (millidarcy), coefficient of permeability variation＜0.7, if grow two oil reservoirs, then growing between vertical two oil reservoirs has stable interlayer, and top bottom layer needs complete closed; If grow an oil reservoir, then oil reservoir top bottom layer needs complete closed.
(2) dispose ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam and alternately drive well pattern
Within being fit to the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drives, the well pattern form that needs to consider the old well of existing steam soak is disposed flooding pattern (displacement well pattern): when the existing straight well steam soak of oil reservoir well pattern is areal well pattern, newly bores vertical Injection Well and form anti-9 straight well flooding patterns in the middle of areal well pattern; When the existing straight well steam soak of oil reservoir well pattern is the linear well pattern of row's shape, in the middle of two row's straight well well arrays, newly bore horizontal Injection Well, form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern;
(3) Injection Well bores completion
According to the displacement well pattern of disposing in the step (2), the new Injection Well that bores of beginning: when Injection Well was straight well (vertical Injection Well), Injection Well adopted sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, was lowered to insulated tubing injecting into well; When Injection Well is horizontal well (horizontal Injection Well), Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, the following horizontal segment of sleeve pipe utilizes screen pipe hanger to connect cutting seam sieve tube, is lowered to heat insulation coiled tubing injecting into well, and heat insulation coiled tubing is lowered to the heel of horizontal well.
(4) installation ground injection-steam boiler
Because being ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, injection mode of the present invention alternately injects, during injecting ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, steam heating boiler can be other periphery well steam injection of handling up, therefore, for realizing the boiler running at full capacity, reduce boiler quantity and cost of investment, the ground injection-steam boiler adopts the skid-mounted type moveable boiler, preferably the skid-mounted type moveable boiler is installed near the well head.
(5) Injection Well is newly bored in preheating
Carry out steam soak 1-2 (being generally 2-3 cycle) at new vertical Injection Well or the horizontal Injection Well that bores, purpose is the near wellbore zone that Injection Well is newly bored in preheating, make Injection Well and form effective thermal communication on every side between the producing well, reach pre-heat effect when the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir rises more than 20 ℃ between Injection Well and the producing well (the old well of steam soak), finish preheating.
(6) the installation ground ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injects pumping plant
Ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is injected pumping plant is installed near the Injection Well, purpose be to shorten pumping plant between the Injection Well along the journey length of pipeline.
(7) Injection Well alternately injects ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, implements alternately to drive
At first to the continuous steam injection of Injection Well, when steam injection reaches the slug injection rate of design, switch and inject pipeline to ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection pipeline, begin to inject normal temperature (approximately 24 ℃) ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, when injecting continuously ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and reaching the slug injection rate of design, again switch and inject pipeline to steam injection pipeline, the beginning steam flooding, and so forth, in injection process, producing well is exploited and discharge opeing continuously.
Mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention is to utilize the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection technology simple, carbonic hydroammonium very easily is decomposed into the characteristics of ammonia, carbon dioxide and water under the shaft bottom hot conditions that slug steam produces, in shaft bottom and oil reservoir, decompose on the spot and produce ammonia and carbon dioxide, the characteristic that recycling ammonia, carbon dioxide and in-place oil height dissolve each other, the decrease viscosity of crude has been realized the purpose of low-cost raising oil well output and recovery ratio.
Ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of the present invention alternately drives exploitation mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir method with steam and compares larger improvement with existing simple steam drive oil production: inject the slug steam flooding and fall glutinous crude oil, preheating oil reservoir, accelerate the carbonic hydroammonium decomposition; Inject carbonic hydroammonium and produce on the spot ammonia and carbon dioxide at oil reservoir, ammonia and carbon dioxide fall glutinous crude oil by dissolving each other with crude oil, enlarge swept volume by ammonia and carbon dioxide gas drive, make injecting program oversimplify economization by the liquid injection mode of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution.Therefore, mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention has the advantage that steam flooding, carbon dioxide flooding and ammonia drive concurrently, does not have that simple steam flooding heat utilization efficiency is low, a weak point such as carbon dioxide assisted steam flooding injection device costliness and carbon dioxide air source shortage.On the steam soak basis, adopt mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method provided by the invention to improve recovery ratio about 35% on the steam soak basis, add the recovery percent of reserves in steam soak stage, overall recovery ratio can reach more than 55%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is under the straight well inverted nine-spot pattern condition, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive from the straight well Injection Well inject, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction;
Fig. 2 is under the straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern condition, ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive from the injection of horizontal well Injection Well, to the schematic diagram of the oil displacement process of straight well producing well extraction;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of straight well inverted nine-spot pattern;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern.
Main drawing reference numeral explanation:
Straight well Injection Well 1 straight well producing well 2 cold oil districts 3
4 high-temperature condensation water districts, high gassiness moveable oil district, 5 reaction zones 6
Inject pumping plant 7 skid-mounted type steam generators 8 horizontal Injection Wells 9
The specific embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and beneficial effect being had more clearly, existing technical scheme of the present invention is carried out following detailed description, but but can not be interpreted as restriction to practical range of the present invention.
The present embodiment provides a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, it is to adopt ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the method that improves the mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir, carry out in the oil field of adopting steam soak to develop 17 years, the average steam soak in this oil field is 12 rounds, steam soak stage recovery percent of reserves is 211%, strata pressure has dropped to 2.8MPa, handles up to be in " three is low " mining phase of low pressure, real estate, low gas oil ratio, needs badly and improves the recovery ratio substituted technique.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the present embodiment provides comprises following concrete steps:
(1) judges whether oil reservoir is fit to the heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive
The average buried depth 1020m of this target heavy crude reservoir belongs to the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir; Grow two major oil reservoirs, the present embodiment for the major oil reservoir gross thickness of oil reservoir be 35.1m, the average clean gross thickness ratio of oil reservoir is 0.89, average pore is 28%, and mean permeability is 1500mD, and the mean permeability coefficient of variation is 0.89, viscosity of crude is 1100mPas under the reservoir condition, remaining oil saturation 49% behind the steam soak, and growing between vertical two oil reservoirs has stable interlayer, and oil reservoir top bottom layer complete closed.Show according to screening conditions, it is the heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive that this oil reservoir is fit to.
(2) dispose ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam and alternately drive well pattern
The handle up straight well well pattern in stage of this Reservoir With Steam is areal well pattern, possess and adopt the straight well flooding pattern to carry out the condition that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive, and two major oil reservoirs have been grown, possesses the condition that interlayer is taken over, therefore, 1 mouthful of straight well Injection Well 1 of new brill forms 1 straight well inverted nine-spot pattern in the middle of this oil reservoir straight well is handled up old well well pattern, and the spacing of adjacent producing well 2 is 80m.The schematic diagram of this straight well inverted nine-spot pattern is seen Fig. 3.
(3) Injection Well bores completion
According to the displacement well pattern of disposing in the step (2), begin new drilling straight-hole Injection Well 1, this straight well Injection Well 1 adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, be lowered to insulated tubing in this straight well Injection Well 1, perforated interval is positioned at the major oil reservoir middle and lower part.
(4) installation ground injection-steam boiler
Because being ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, injection mode alternately injects, during injecting ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, steam heating boiler can be other periphery well steam injection of handling up, therefore, for realizing the boiler running at full capacity, reduce boiler quantity and cost of investment, the ground injection-steam boiler adopts skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8, skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is installed near the well head, the producing steam speed of this skid-mounted type steam generator 8 is 12 tons/hour, and this skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is connected with the well head of straight well Injection Well 1 by the steam injection pipeline.
(5) Injection Well 1 is newly bored in preheating
In the new straight well Injection Well 1 that bores, carry out steam soak (steam soak steam injection rate 100-150t/d, well head steam quality 80%, cyclic steam injection volume 1500-2000t, cycle is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire 5-8 days well time) 1.5 years (2 cycles), purpose is the near wellbore zone that Injection Well 1 is newly bored in preheating, makes Injection Well 1 and forms effective thermal communication on every side between the producing well 2.Handle up after two cycles, the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir rises more than 20 ℃ between Injection Well 1 and the producing well 2.
(6) the installation ground ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injects pumping plant 7
The injection pumping plant 7 of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is positioned near the Injection Well, purpose be to shorten inject pumping plant 7 between the Injection Well 1 along the journey length of pipeline, this injects pumping plant 7 and injects pipeline by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and be connected with the well head of straight well Injection Well 1.
(7) straight well Injection Well 1 alternately injects ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, implements alternately to drive
At first injecting continuously the well head steam quality to straight well Injection Well 1 is 70% steam, injection rate is 200 tons/day, when steam injection reaches 30 days, switch and inject pipeline to ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection pipeline, begin to inject normal temperature (24 ℃) ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, consider the huge gas volume speed that carbonic hydroammonium produces in underground decomposition, the injection rate of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is set as 150 tons/day; Inject continuously ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution in the time of 30 days, again switch and inject pipeline to the steam injection pipeline, the beginning steam injection, and so forth;
In injection process, producing well is exploited and discharge opeing continuously, and the producing well 2 in this straight well inverted nine-spot pattern and the production-injection ratio of Injection Well 1 remain between the 1.2-1.3.When the average moisture content of this oil reservoir produced liquid reached 92v%, the exploitation that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that this oil reservoir employing the present embodiment provides and steam alternately drive exploitation method ended, and stops steam injection and production.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that employing the present embodiment provides and steam alternately drive can improve recovery ratio 36% on the steam soak basis, add steam soak recovery percent of reserves 211%, and ultimate recovery can reach 57.1%.
The present embodiment provides a kind of mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, it is to adopt ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately to drive the method that improves the mid-deep strata recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir, carry out in the oil field of adopting steam soak to develop 14 years, the average steam soak in this oil field is 10 rounds, steam soak stage recovery percent of reserves is 19.7%, strata pressure has dropped to 3.5MPa, handles up to be in " three is low " mining phase of low pressure, real estate, low gas oil ratio, needs badly and improves the recovery ratio substituted technique.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the present embodiment provides comprises following concrete steps:
(1) judges whether oil reservoir is fit to the heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive
The average buried depth 1470m of this target heavy crude reservoir belongs to the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir; Grow 1 major oil reservoir, the present embodiment for the major oil reservoir gross thickness of oil reservoir be 29m, the average clean gross thickness ratio of oil reservoir is 0.86, average pore is 25%, mean permeability is 1300mD, and the mean permeability coefficient of variation is 0.83, and viscosity of crude is 1800mPas under the reservoir condition, remaining oil saturation 51% behind the steam soak, and the top bottom layer that complete closed is arranged is grown at the end, oil reservoir top.Show according to screening conditions, it is the heavy crude reservoir that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive that this oil reservoir is fit to.
(2) dispose ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam and alternately drive well pattern
The straight well well pattern in stage is areal well pattern because this Reservoir With Steam is handled up, possess employing straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern and carry out the condition that ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam alternately drive, therefore, 1 mouthful of flat Injection Well 9 of horizontal saliva of new brill in the middle of two straight wells of this oil reservoir are handled up old well well array, form 1 straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, the spacing of the adjacent straight well of same well array is 80m, and the distance between the horizontal segment of straight well producing well 2 and horizontal Injection Well 9 is 80m, and the horizontal section length of this horizontal Injection Well 9 is 320m.The schematic diagram of this straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern is seen Fig. 4.
(3) Injection Well 1 bores completion
According to the displacement well pattern of disposing in the step (2), beginning is new bores horizontal Injection Well 9, and horizontal Injection Well 9 adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, is lowered to insulated tubing injecting into well, and insulated tubing is lowered to the horizontal segment heel; Utilize screen pipe hanger to connect screen casing below sleeve pipe, the inside pipe casing diameter is 9.5 inches, and the insulated tubing inside diameter is 4.5 inches, and the screen casing diameter is 7 inches, and screen casing adopts cutting seam sieve tube, and screen casing length is 320m.
(4) installation ground injection-steam boiler
Because being ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, injection mode alternately injects, during injecting ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, steam heating boiler can be other periphery well steam injection of handling up, therefore, for realizing the boiler running at full capacity, reduce boiler quantity and cost of investment, the ground injection-steam boiler adopts skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8, skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is installed near the well head, the producing steam speed of this skid-mounted type steam generator 8 is 15 tons/hour, and this skid-mounted type moveable boiler 8 is connected with the well head of straight well Injection Well 1 by the steam injection pipeline.
(5) horizontal Injection Well 9 is newly bored in preheating
In the new vertical Injection Well 9 that bores, carry out steam soak (steam soak steam injection rate 100-150t/d, well head steam quality 80%, cyclic steam injection volume 1500-2000t, cycle is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire 5-8 days well time) 1.8 years (handling up for 2 cycles), purpose is the near wellbore zone of the horizontal Injection Well 9 of the new brill of preheating, makes Injection Well 9 and forms effective thermal communication on every side between the vertical producing well 2.Handle up after two cycles, the temperature-averaging of oil reservoir rises more than 20 ℃ between Injection Well 9 and the vertical producing well 2.
(6) the installation ground ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injects pumping plant 7
The injection pumping plant 7 of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is positioned near the Injection Well, purpose be to shorten inject pumping plant 7 between the horizontal Injection Well 9 along the journey length of pipeline, this injects pumping plant 7 and injects pipeline by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and be connected with the well head of horizontal Injection Well 9.
(7) horizontal Injection Well 9 alternately injects ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution and steam, implements alternately to drive
At first injecting continuously the well head steam qualitys to horizontal Injection Well 9 is 70% steam, injection rate is 220 tons/day, when steam injection reaches 30 days, switch and inject pipeline to ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution injection pipeline, begin to inject normal temperature (24 ℃) ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution, consider the huge gas volume speed that carbonic hydroammonium produces in underground decomposition, the injection rate of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is set as 190 tons/day; Inject continuously ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution in the time of 30 days, again switch and inject pipeline to the steam injection pipeline, the beginning steam injection, and so forth;
In injection process, producing well is exploited and discharge opeing continuously, and the straight well producing well 2 in this straight well inverted nine-spot pattern and the production-injection ratio of horizontal Injection Well 9 remain between the 1.2-1.3.When the average moisture content of this oil reservoir produced liquid reached 92v%, the exploitation that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that this oil reservoir employing the present embodiment provides and steam alternately drive technology ended, and stops steam injection and production.
The mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method that the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution that employing the present embodiment provides and steam alternately drive can improve recovery ratio 34% on the steam soak basis, add steam soak recovery percent of reserves 19.7%, and ultimate recovery can reach 53.7%.
Claims (8)
1. mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir exploitation method, it may further comprise the steps:
(1), in the mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir, according to the well pattern form of existing producing well flooding pattern is set:
When existing well pattern form is areal well pattern, newly in the middle of the areal well pattern bore vertical Injection Well and form anti-9 straight well flooding patterns, this Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, and cement returns high to ground, is lowered to insulated tubing injecting into well;
When existing well pattern form is the linear well pattern of row's shape, the horizontal Injection Well of new brill in the middle of two row's straight well well arrays, form straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, Injection Well adopts sleeve pipe prestressing force completion mode, the following horizontal segment of sleeve pipe utilizes screen pipe hanger to connect cutting seam sieve tube, be lowered to heat insulation coiled tubing injecting into well, heat insulation coiled tubing is lowered to the heel of Injection Well horizontal segment;
(2), carry out steam soak 1-2 at new vertical Injection Well or the horizontal Injection Well that bores, the near wellbore zone of Injection Well is newly bored in preheating, makes Injection Well and the effective thermal communication of formation between the producing well on every side;
(3), at first to vertical Injection Well or the continuous steam injection of horizontal Injection Well, when steam injection reaches the slug injection rate of design, begin to inject the ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution of normal temperature, when the injection ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution reaches the slug injection rate of design continuously, refill steam, the injection that hockets and so forth until the composite water cut of the producing well Produced Liquid of this oil reservoir stops alternately to inject when reaching 92v%, adopts producing well to recover the oil continuously and discharge opeing in injection process.
2. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, described mid-deep strata heavy crude reservoir is the oil reservoir that meets the following conditions: the oil reservoir buried depth is 900-2000m, remaining oil saturation＞40%, oil reservoir gross thickness＞10m, clean gross thickness ratio＞0.5, average oil reservoir degree of porosity＞19%, permeability＞100mD, there are two oil reservoirs coefficient of permeability variation＜0.7 if grow, then grow between vertical two oil reservoirs stable interlayer is arranged, and oil reservoir top bottom layer is complete closed, if grow an oil reservoir is arranged, and then bottom layer in oil reservoir top is complete closed.
3. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, in described straight well-horizontal well combination well pattern, the horizontal segment of horizontal Injection Well each side comprise three mouthfuls of producing wells.
4. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, the concentration of described ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 22wt%-30wt%.
5. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, described steam is provided by steam heating boiler.
6. exploitation method according to claim 5, wherein, described steam heating boiler is the skid-mounted type moveable boiler.
7. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, the slug injection rate of the design of described steam is the 6000-10000 ton.
8. exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein, the slug injection rate of the design of described ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution is the 5000-8000 ton.
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