CN102926723A - Remaining oil cave extracting method of exhausted oil field - Google Patents
Remaining oil cave extracting method of exhausted oil field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102926723A CN102926723A CN2012104707741A CN201210470774A CN102926723A CN 102926723 A CN102926723 A CN 102926723A CN 2012104707741 A CN2012104707741 A CN 2012104707741A CN 201210470774 A CN201210470774 A CN 201210470774A CN 102926723 A CN102926723 A CN 102926723A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remaining oil cave extracting method of an exhausted oil field, mainly comprising the following steps: a) draining residual liquid in a reservoir; b) developing a shaft to an oil reservoir bottom, tunneling tunnels in the oil reservoir, and mining the oil-contained sandstone in the oil reservoir by a room-pillar backfilling method; c) crushing and grinding the oil-contained sandstone, using hot water containing soda to wash oil in order to separate oil from sand; and d) performing oil refining to the separated oil, and backfilling the separated sand as tailings. The method overcomes the defects that the currently most advanced tertiary oil recovery technique cannot overcome, greatly improves the recovery efficiency of oil, reaches the recovery efficiency up to 90% above, and has great practical meaning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the exploitation of mineral resources field, relate to particularly a kind of cave mining method for remaining oil in the reservoir, Resource-exhausted oil field.
Background technology
Petroleum resources are a kind of important strategic resources, and improving oil recovery is the major issue that is related to a national energy security.The at present petroleum resources shortage in the whole world has become the important restriction factor of economy and social development, must lose no time in formulating and implement the Sustainable Development of Petroleum Resource strategy.
On the one hand petroleum resources shortage of China, and the oil demand amount significantly increases year by year, oil recovery is not high on the other hand.After developed field entered late high water content period exploitation, along with recovery percent is deepened, underground oil water relation, remaining oil distribution became increasingly complex, and non-homogeneity is more serious, gave the oil field stable yields and adjust the difficulty brought of taping the latent power increasing.
In general, oil exploitation process roughly comprises following three phases:
1. primary oil recovery namely utilizes stratum energy to carry out petroleum flow producing;
2. secondary oil recovery namely after stratum energy discharges, thereby reaches the order that crude oil is exploited continuously with the method for artificial gas injection or water filling to augment the oil reservoir energy and to keep strata pressure;
3. tertiary oil recovery is the oil recovery technique that the non-movable oil in the remaining oil was just grown up in recent years as target, because residual crude oil in several years after the secondary oil recovery will be caught among the sandstone pores of oil reservoir with continuous oil clot circle, its Produced Liquid moisture content is high, can only be by physics or chemical method exploitation (Ka Yishaer tells Lu Hong, 2012).
Tertiary oil recovery technology is referred to as intensified oil reduction abroad and improves recovery ratio (EOR-Enhanced OilRecovery) technology, comprises four large technology series, and namely chemical flooding, gas drive, heating power drive and microbe oil production.Wherein chemical flooding comprises polymer flooding, surfactant flooding, caustic waterflooding and composite ternary composite driving thereof etc.; Gas drive comprises the CO of mixed phase or part mixed phase
2Drive, nitrogen flooding, natural gas drive and flue gas flooding etc.; Heating power drives and comprises steam flooding, steam soak, hot water flooding and combustion in situ etc.; Microbe oil production comprises microbial profile control or microbial flooding wet goods (Guo Wankui etc., 2002).
The many main forces of east China oil field has become high water cut oil field at present, through once, after the secondary oil recovery, only can the underground gross reserves of extraction about 30%, the development contradiction of " three Senior Two are low " is outstanding, be that composite water cut is high, recovery percent of reserves is high, rate of oil production is high, reserve-production ratio is low, recovery ratio is low, the more residual petroleum of still having an appointment remains in underground (Zheng Junwei etc., 2007).
Even if at present through state-of-the-art tertiary oil recovery technology, the overall recovery ratio of oil also can not surpass 50% both at home and abroad, that is to say to also have at least 50% crude oil reserve to be detained underground and can't extraction.
Along with the significantly raising of world petroleum demand amount and the raising of rate of oil production, the whole world will have the recoverable oil reserves in increasing oil field fewer and feweri, progress into exhausted oil field ranks.Can out be to have huge realistic meaning and economic worth with the remaining oil in these exhausted oil fields (also have at least reserves 50%) exploitation how.
Also have three focuses to pay close attention to except tertiary oil recovery technology in oil-gas exploration and development field at present, first is oil-sand, and second is viscous crude, and the 3rd is shale gas.
1) oil-sand is not the traditional petroleum resources that has than high maturity in fact, and it refers to be rich in the settling sand of natural asphalt, therefore becomes " sand asphalt " yet.Oil-sand is in fact the mixture of a kind of pitch, sand, rich ore clay and water, and wherein, bitumen content is 10～12%, and the mineral such as sand and clay account for 80～85%, and remainder is 3～5% water.Its exploitation method and traditional oil exploitation are completely different, and more shallow to burying (＜75m) near surface oil-sand adopts the strip mining transformation method such as Canada.And dark for burying (＞75m) oil-sand mainly adopts the in site recovery method, and successful story is mainly steam assisted gravity drainage techniques (SAGD).Also adopt simultaneously the tunnel production technique, its principle is exactly for burying darker oil-sand, beat first a bite vertical shaft, then in pay sand driving oil-collecting tunnel, recycling hydrodynamic cleaning method or spiral drilling machine method are carried out the oil-sand exploitation, and carry out the rough separation of oil, sand, by Hydraulic Power System a small amount of mud and tar sand oil are transported to ground at last.The underworkings exploitation method of this oil-sand all once adopted in Canada, German Wei Ze and Hai De, the Pei Xieerbulong of France, Ya Liejia and the areas such as Baku, Rumanian Derna of the former Soviet Union.Canada oil-sand underground mining company (OSUM) developed the large tunnel excavator in 2000, to burying dark, unsuitable opencast Tar sands, make a call to first a vertical shaft at the bottom of the Tar sands buried horizon, then carry out horizontal along the pay sand direction and excavate.Its excavation cost is not higher than strip mining transformation.The core of this technology is a full-shield formula Mars Miner, can be with the waste material backfill in the extraction mineral aggregate at its rear portion (Zheng Dewen etc., 2008).
2) viscous crude is the crude oil that asphalitine and gum level are higher, viscosity is larger.Usually the ground surface density greater than 0.943, underground viscosity greater than the crude oil of 50 centipoises viscous crude.Because the density of viscous crude is large, also be called heavy oil.The key of thickened oil recovery is to improve the crude oil flow ability, and heavy crude reservoir water drive production technique mainly comprises mechanical viscosity reduction, pit shaft heating, dilution viscosity reduction, chemical viscosity reduction, microbial single well stimulation, takes out thick process matching etc.: heavy crude reservoir thermal recovery technology mainly comprises steam soak, steam flooding, clump formula directional well and horizontal well, combustion in situ and with supporting other technology of heavy crude heat extraction etc.The thickened oil recovery of China relies on steam soak or steam flooding more than 90%, recovery ratio generally can reach about 30%.Shallow layer thick oil is also adopted the tunnel production technique abroad, at present in the world still the tunnel shallow layer thick oil project in industrial-scale production have:
The one, Canadian Athabasca oil field UTF (Underground Test facility) project, its mining type is that vertical shaft+tunnel+horizontal well is to (SAGD);
The 2nd, tunnel+steam soak technology exploitation has been used in Russian Ya Liege oil field, and oil recovery reaches 58%-68%;
The 3rd, U.S. Greybull project adopts tunnel, slope+horizontal well SAGD technology exploitation;
The 4th, the underground thermal recovery project of texas,U.S (Guan Misheng etc., 2009).
3) shale gas is out natural gas of exploitation from the rammell, and shale gas is to be present in natural gas in mud stone, high-carbon mud stone, shale and the aleuritic texture rock class interlayer with absorption or free state on the main body.Different from the conventional reservoir gas Tibetan, shale is the source rock that natural gas generates, and also is reservoir and the cap rock of assembling and preserve natural gas.The shale gas production technique mainly comprises horizontal well technology and multiple fracturing technology, riverfrac treatment technology, multiple fracturing technique and up-to-date synchronous fracturing technique, and these technology are just improving constantly the shale gas well yield.America ﹠ Canada carries out large-scale exploration and development to shale gas.U.S.'s shale gas output in 2010 is 1379.2 billion cubic meters, accounts for 23%, 2011 year of this state's gas production near 1800 billion cubic meters.The shale gas yield significantly promotes, and the U.S. is constantly reduced the dependence of Imported oil.American energy information administration data show, the external interdependency of american petroleum from 2005 60.3% be down to 2011 45%, Future Ten year, American plan cut down 1/3rd again to the petroleum import amount, to reduce to about 6,000,000 barrels to the year two thousand twenty petroleum import amount, reduce to below 4,000,000 barrels by 2035.When the time comes, the comprehensive degree of self-sufficiency of american energy will reach 87%.The reference of a reality of technological innovation of this area is given in the energy revolution that shale gas brings in the U.S..
The exploitation of shale gas is in fact innovation and the breakthrough of an idea, and past shale in traditional concept belongs to tight rock, is one of main source bed of oil, and never imagination can therefrom be exploited out natural gas.But American scientist is good at innovation and has been obtained brilliant success, and the essence of its successful part is to have utilized existing two mature technologies, i.e. horizontal well technology and fracturing technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of exhausted oil field remaining oil cave mining method, with the remaining oil in the exhausted oil field (at least also have reserves 50%) exploitation out.
For achieving the above object, exhausted oil field provided by the invention remaining oil cave mining method, key step is:
A) residual liquid in the discharge oil reservoirs;
B) shaft development is to the oil reservoirs base plate, and in the oil oil reservoirs digging laneway, adopt pillars of a house afterwards filling mining method exploitation oil reservoirs rock;
C) oil-bearing sand is carried out fragmentation and ore grinding, carry out oil, sand separation;
D) refine oil operation to isolating oil, isolated sand carries out backfill as mine tailing.
Described method, wherein, step a is the residual liquid that utilizes in the original water injection well in oil field or the producing well discharge oil reservoirs.
Described method, wherein, step b is the exploitation oil-bearing sand, and is transported to the ore dressing plant, earth's surface.
Described method, wherein, step c carries out oil, sand separation with thermokalite washing oil.
Described method, wherein, exhausted oil field remaining oil refers to through after secondary oil recovery and the tertiary oil recovery, remaining oil in the oil reservoirs.
The present invention has overcome the shortcoming (recovery ratio on average is no more than 50%) that present state-of-the-art tertiary oil recovery technology can't overcome, and can increase substantially the recovery ratio of oil, can reach the recovery ratio more than 90%, has great Practical significance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the oil reservoirs generalized section in a Resource-exhausted oil field.
Fig. 2 the present invention is directed to the schematic diagram that this reservoir carries out the drawing liquid operation.
Fig. 3 is vertical shaft of the present invention and the generalized section that is opened up by adits.
The specific embodiment
The present invention utilizes existing two mature technologies (cave is adopted technology and technique of preparing), and the remaining oil in the exhausted oil field is exploited out.
The cave technology of adopting in above-mentioned two mature technologies is widely applied in coalfield and metallic ore; Technique of preparing is to select factory to carry out oil-sand separation on ground, and the effect better method is mainly take thermokalite washing wet goods method as main.
The known technology of setting forth in the present invention and the background technology has the different of essence, the one, for object different, what the present invention is directed to is the remaining oil in exhausted oil field, and known technology for be oil-sand and viscous crude; The 2nd, the technical scheme difference, what the present invention used is that ripe pillars of a house afterwards filling cave is adopted technology, known technology mainly adopts tunnel+steam flooding, not extraction reservoir rock.
Specifically, the method that the present invention exploits out with the remaining oil in the exhausted oil field, its step is as follows:
A) carry out the drawing liquid operation for exhausted oil field petroleum reservoir, because exhausted oil field has been passed through long-term secondary oil recovery (water filling is main) and tertiary oil recovery (polymer injection, CO often
2, hot water etc.), subsurface reservoir often contains abundant liquid (water or polymer etc.).Can utilize original water injection well or producing well to carry out the drawing liquid operation in the practical operation, discharge these liquid in the reservoir.
B) shaft development is to the reservoir base plate, and in petroleum reservoir digging laneway, adopt the pillars of a house afterwards filling mining method exploitation reservoir rock (such as oil-bearing sand) that generally adopts in coal and the underground metal mining, and be transported to the ore dressing plant, earth's surface.
C) oil-sand separation is split the oil-bearing sand that extraction comes, and carries out fragmentation and ore grinding, through beneficiation test, determines the ore grinding optimal granularity, adopts take thermokalite washing oil as main separation method, isolates oil and sand, and oil send oil refinery.
D) isolated sand is carried out backfill as mine tailing, so namely solved the goaf and prevented from the problem of subsiding from also having solved the problem that the waste material that produces affects environmental protection of producing.
Method of the present invention refers to through secondary oil recovery and tertiary oil recovery, the remaining petroleum resources that there is no the method extraction in the reservoir.
By the patent retrieval of Chinese patent database (knowing half tone), do not find and the same or analogous patent of the present invention (search terms " in full ", term " exhaustion "+" oil field "+" remaining oil " " cave is adopted " is without search records).
By on the net to the retrieval (search terms " summary " of foreign patent database (knowing half tone) (comprising Switzerland, the U.S., Japan, Germany, Britain, France, World Affairs, European patent storehouse), keyword " exhausted "+" remaining oil "+" mining "), find to have 1 patent records (JP60125211).This patent content is also fully different from technical scheme of the present invention.When search key is revised as " abandoned "+" remaining oil "+" mining ", discovery has 3 patent records (1 In-situ retorting of oil shale, 2 Process for disposing ofhousehold refuse, 3 Method and machine for removing blockage and silt fromabandoned auger holes).These patent contents are also fully different from technical scheme of the present invention.
Below with an example and further specify by reference to the accompanying drawings principle and the embodiment of technical solution of the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, certain resource exhaustion oil field exists a reservoir top board to bury about 500 meters, the oil reservoirs that thickness is about 50 meters.
Fig. 2 explanation is carried out the drawing liquid operation for this reservoir, because exhausted oil field has been passed through long-term secondary oil recovery (water filling is main) and tertiary oil recovery (polymer injection, CO often
2, hot water etc.), subsurface reservoir contains abundant liquid (water or polymer etc.).The drawing liquid well is to utilize the original water injection well in oil field or producing well in this example.
Fig. 3 illustrates vertical shaft and is opened up by adits; adopt the pillars of a house afterwards filling mining method exploitation oil-bearing sand that generally adopts in coal and the underground metal mining; and be transported to the ore dressing plant, earth's surface and carry out oil-sand separation; split the oil-bearing sand that extraction comes; carry out fragmentation and ore grinding; through beneficiation test; determine the ore grinding optimal granularity; employing is take thermokalite washing oil as main separation method; isolate oil and sand, isolated oil send oil refinery, and isolated sand is carried out backfill as mine tailing; so namely having solved the goaf prevents from the problem of subsiding from also having solved the problem that the waste material that produces affects environmental protection.
Belong to known technology about separation and the recovery of splitting the tar sand oil in the next oil-bearing sand of extraction, investigation (the Zhang Shiyuan etc. that its rate of recovery can be carried out at the separating technology of the hot NaOH buck of use for laboratory Inner Mongolia oil-sand with reference to people such as Zhang Shiyuan in 2012, chemistry and bonding Vo1.35, No. 4,2012), under the separating technology condition of the best, be buck, oil-sand mass ratio 2: 1,95 ℃ of washing separation temperatures, speed of agitator 80r/min, extracting time 30min, the tar sand oil rate of recovery can reach more than 95.5%.
Effect of the present invention is confirmed by above-mentioned example.Why the present invention is that feasible reason has technically:
(1) the drawing liquid operation for reservoir is traditional principle of drawing water, and is ripe technology.
(2) vertical shaft and being opened up by adits comprises that pillars of a house afterwards filling mining method all is very ripe technology in colliery and metallic ore mining.
(3) oil-sand surface separation technology is ripe technology in metallic ore ore dressing and the ore dressing of oil-sand ore deposit.
(4) backfill technology is ripe technology in colliery and the backfill of metallic ore mine tailing.
Claims (5)
1. exhausted oil field remaining oil cave mining method, key step is:
A) residual liquid in the discharge oil reservoirs;
B) shaft development is to the oil reservoirs base plate, and in the oil oil reservoirs digging laneway, adopt pillars of a house afterwards filling mining method exploitation oil reservoirs rock;
C) oil-bearing sand is carried out fragmentation and ore grinding, carry out oil, sand separation;
D) refine oil operation to isolating oil, isolated sand carries out backfill as mine tailing.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, step a utilizes the original water injection well in oil field or producing well to discharge residual liquid in the oil reservoirs.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, step b is the exploitation oil-bearing sand, and is transported to the ore dressing plant, earth's surface.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, step c carries out oil, sand separation with thermokalite washing oil.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, exhausted oil field remaining oil refers to through after secondary oil recovery and the tertiary oil recovery, remaining oil in the oil reservoirs.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103206208A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-07-17 | 中石化河南油田分公司石油勘探开发研究院 | Method for macroscopically quantizing microscopic remaining oil in different occurrence states |
| CN104989349A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Constant-volume gas-injection well gas injection quantity design method |
| CN109184656A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | One kind, which adopting no note type and isolates well point, taps the latent power and proposes efficacious prescriptions method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103206208A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-07-17 | 中石化河南油田分公司石油勘探开发研究院 | Method for macroscopically quantizing microscopic remaining oil in different occurrence states |
| CN103206208B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司河南油田分公司石油勘探开发研究院 | A kind of method of microcosmic different existence state remaining oil macro-level quantitative |
| CN104989349A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Constant-volume gas-injection well gas injection quantity design method |
| CN109184656A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-11 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | One kind, which adopting no note type and isolates well point, taps the latent power and proposes efficacious prescriptions method |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |