CN103225116A - Differential melt-electrospinning jet head - Google Patents
Differential melt-electrospinning jet head Download PDFInfo
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- CN103225116A CN103225116A CN2013101595700A CN201310159570A CN103225116A CN 103225116 A CN103225116 A CN 103225116A CN 2013101595700 A CN2013101595700 A CN 2013101595700A CN 201310159570 A CN201310159570 A CN 201310159570A CN 103225116 A CN103225116 A CN 103225116A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a differential metl-electrospinning jet head and belongs to the field of electrostatic spinning. The differential metl-electrospinning jet head mainly comprises a hopper, a charging barrel, a jet head body, an internal cone-shaped jet head, an airflow channel air inlet pipe, an airflow channel standpipe, an airflow channel insulating layer, a jet head inner body, a button, a jackscrew, a heating device, a temperature sensor, a screw rod, a coupler, a servomotor, a motor support, a grounding electrode, a receiving electrode plate and a high-voltage electrostatic generator. The differential metl-electrospinning jet head adopts a center-feeding and side-air-intake manner, ensures uniform melt circumferential distribution through the adjustment of the jackscrew, adopts the inner cone-shaped jet head, and can spin dozens of filaments through a single jet head, thereby achieving high spinning efficiency; and by the aid of hot air, the melt layer on the inner cone surface can be blown thinner, the filaments can be drawn, and a heat insulation role can be played on the environmental temperature to slow down cooling of the filaments and prolong the filament drawing time. Therefore, the spun filaments are thinner. The differential metl-electrospinning jet head has the advantages of simple structure, capability of spinning thin fibers and high spinning efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle, belong to the electrostatic spinning field.
Background technology
The electrostatic spinning process applies the high-voltage electrostatic field exactly between shower nozzle and receiving system, make polarized fluid overcome surface tension under the effect of electric field force, forms jet, obtains the process of superfine fibre on dash receiver.
Along with the intensification of nanometer technology, utilizing electrostatic spinning to prepare nanofiber becomes one of focus of current experimental study and industrial applications.Research about electrostatic spinning at present concentrates on solution electrostatic spinning aspect mostly, the integrated of a plurality of single needle heads and two kinds of routes of no shower nozzle solution electrostatic spinning aspect industrialization, have also been formed, all just test both at home and abroad at present in industrialization, but single shower nozzle easily stops up and the defective of spinning fibre homogeneity difference, and it is still limited that latter Czech does not have the output of shower nozzle industrialization spinning equipment.Though the solution electrostatic spinning can spin little fiber to tens nanometers, but the use of solvent makes it a series of problem occur, causes the fiber surface defective, uses the expensive cost of solvent and problem such as yield poorly as the collocation problem of the recovery problem of solvent, the safety problem that is applied to biomedicine field, polymer and solvent, solvent evaporation.And melt electrostatic spinning is because higher relatively to the requirement of heater, electrostatic isolation device, melt equipartition device, the fiber of spinning is thicker relatively, thereby it is less relatively for its research, but compare with the solution method of electrostatic spinning, melt electrostatic spinning be a kind of than solution electrostatic spinning more economically, environmental protection, efficient, the safe method for preparing superfine fibre, thereby melt electrostatic spinning more is hopeful to make electrostatic spinning technique to move towards the industrialization road of essential safety.
The key issue that will solve about melt electrostatic spinning at present makes micron-sized fibre diameter be further reduced to hundred nano-scale (submicron order) exactly, and further improves its production efficiency and make its industrialization.
The people such as Naoki SHIMADA of Japan are heated to utmost point low viscosity by the line laser light source of customization with film, prepare row's fiber, improved the output of fiber on original spot light basis, but cost are still high, yields poorly, and is difficult to use in mass production.
The Michal KOM á REK of Czech Czech Republic university and Lenka MARTINOV á have proposed a kind of device for spinning of slit, but this device for spinning does not solve the even distribution of melt at the slit place well, and the radical of silk also is not enough to be fit to commercial application.
U.S. Pat 20090121379A1 has proposed the electric auxiliary electrospinning silk auxiliary with hot blast that melt and spray, proposition combines the high-speed stretch of hot-air and the unstable refining effect of electric field force, blow the effluxvelocity that the effect of drawing improves individual thread by hot blast, the effect of additional electrical field force again, make fibre fineness reach about 200nm, but the shower nozzle that uses in this patent is still single shower nozzle, improvement to the sub-thread jet, and embodiment is only at solvent spinning, melt spinning has only proposed method, still has its limitation for industrial applications.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle, the shunting by this shower nozzle inner conical surface can realize that single-nozzle produces the function of plurality of fibers, has reduced single nozzle needle difficulty of processing, has realized the precise and stable control of nozzle temperature; The booster action of central gas stream injection simultaneously, realized thin to cutting of spinning medium on the inner conical surface, on fluidic paths, the acceleration of jet stretched and to the indirect control of fluidic paths temperature, effectively realize the refinement of fiber, improved the efficient of single-nozzle electrostatic spinning.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle, mainly comprise hopper, barrel, sprayer body, the inner conical surface shower nozzle, the flow channel blast pipe, the flow channel vertical tube, the flow channel thermal insulation layer, the nozzle endosome, key, jackscrew, heater, temperature sensor, screw rod, shaft coupling, servomotor, electric machine support, earth electrode, the collecting electrode plate, HV generator, the flow channel vertical tube links to each other by screw thread with the nozzle endosome, and be installed in the sprayer body, key is installed between flow channel vertical tube and sprayer body, make and locate between flow channel vertical tube and sprayer body, prevent that the flow channel vertical tube from rotating and dress dislocation partially, the flow channel blast pipe passes sprayer body and links to each other by screw thread with the flow channel vertical tube, the flow channel thermal insulation layer is positioned at flow channel vertical tube and nozzle endosome the inside, flow fast to the sprayer body Temperature Influence with isolated hot-air, the inner conical surface shower nozzle links to each other by screw thread with sprayer body, jackscrew is installed on sprayer body, the number of jackscrew is more than three or three, jackscrew is along circumferentially uniform, jackscrew withstands on the nozzle endosome, be used for regulating the uniformity of the annular gap between sprayer body and the nozzle endosome, barrel links to each other by screw with sprayer body, hopper links to each other by screw thread with barrel, screw rod is positioned at barrel, screw rod links to each other with servomotor by shaft coupling, servomotor is installed on the electric machine support, and electric machine support is fixed on the flat board of barrel by screw; The inner conical surface shower nozzle links to each other with earth electrode, the collecting electrode plate is fixed on a distance under the inner conical surface shower nozzle, the collecting electrode plate links to each other with the high-voltage positive electrode terminal of HV generator, and the flow channel blast pipe links to each other with external hot gas source, and heater links to each other with temperature control box with temperature sensor.
During spinning work, open heater, under the control of temperature sensor, heating cylinder and sprayer body; After treating that barrel and sprayer body are warmed up to the operating temperature of setting, open servomotor, drive the rotational speed of screw rod to set, in hopper, add plastics, plastics are fusion and mobile forward under the effect of screw rod, and the annular gap of plastic melt by forming between flow channel vertical tube and nozzle endosome and sprayer body arrives on the inner conical surface of inner conical surface shower nozzle, by regulating jackscrew, make the melt that arrives on the inner conical surface be evenly distributed; Open external hot gas source, send the hot-air of uniform temperature to the flow channel blast pipe; Open HV generator, make the collecting electrode strip, form electrostatic field between collecting electrode plate and inner conical surface shower nozzle, melt forms taylor cone under the acting in conjunction of electric field and wind field, will overwork a circle taylor cone this moment on the rib of inner conical surface shower nozzle, forms the melt differential structrue, when electric field force during greater than smelt surface tension, taylor cone just forms jet, and then is spun into silk, receives the fiber of micro/nano level on the collecting electrode plate.
A kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle, adopt between its inner conical surface shower nozzle and sprayer body and be threaded, can replace the inner conical surface shower nozzle, select the inner conical surface shower nozzle of different cone angles for use, the inner conical surface surface of inner conical surface shower nozzle can be made smooth, also can make uniformly with densely arranged a lot of groove, to the melt flows channeling conduct.
A kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle, its heater can be an electric heater unit, it also can be electromagnetic heater, also can carry out indirect by gas or heated fluid stream medium, generally barrel and sprayer body and inner conical surface shower nozzle are carried out the heating of segmentation multistage, by temperature sensor each section temperature is accurately controlled, made melt reach best operating temperature.
A kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle, its feed way can adopt screw rod, also can adopt plunger, can also adopt small-sized extruder feed, also can utilize the deadweight feed of melt.
A kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle adopts barrel central feeding and barrel side air intake, and the annular gap of stream melt can be regulated by jackscrew, and the annular spread uniformity of melt guarantees easily; The wind that side is advanced is vertically blown down after by the flow channel vertical tube, blows on the inner conical surface, can blow thinly to the melt layer on the inner conical surface, is beneficial to and spins thinner silk; The wind of vertically blowing down can also play certain drawing-off effect to spun silk in dropping process, make silk thinner; Wind can also play certain guiding function to the whereabouts of silk.
A kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle, adopt the mode of central feeding side air intake, adopt inner conical surface that melt is evenly shunted, and utilize hot blast to blow thin to the melt on the inner conical surface, and utilizing hot blast that silk is carried out drawing-off and the guiding of falling, hot blast can make the environment around the silk carry out certain insulation effect, and the cooling of silk is slowed down, prolong a drafted action time, make silk thinner; Can form a plurality of taylor cones on the rib of inner conical surface shower nozzle, a shower nozzle once can spin multi-filament, realizes the efficient spinning of single shower nozzle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional drawing among Fig. 1
The 1-servomotor, 2-shaft coupling, 3-electric machine support, 4-hopper, the 5-barrel, 6-screw rod, 7-flow channel blast pipe, 8-flow channel vertical tube, 9-sprayer body, 10-nozzle endosome, the 11-earth electrode, 12-HV generator, 13-collecting electrode plate, 14-inner conical surface shower nozzle, 15-heater, 16-temperature sensor, 17-flow channel thermal insulation layer, 18-key, 19-jackscrew
The specific embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of melt differential of the present invention electrostatic spinning nozzle, mainly comprise hopper 4, barrel 5, sprayer body 9, inner conical surface shower nozzle 14, flow channel blast pipe 7, flow channel vertical tube 8, flow channel thermal insulation layer 17, nozzle endosome 10, key 18, jackscrew 19, heater 15, temperature sensor 16, screw rod 6, shaft coupling 2, servomotor 1, electric machine support 3, earth electrode 11, collecting electrode plate 13, HV generator 12, flow channel vertical tube 8 and nozzle endosome 10 link to each other by screw thread, and be installed in the sprayer body 9, key 18 is installed on 9 of flow channel vertical tube 8 and sprayer bodies, make 9 location of flow channel vertical tube 8 and sprayer body, prevent that flow channel vertical tube 8 from rotating and dress dislocation partially, flow channel blast pipe 7 passes sprayer body 9 and flow channel vertical tube 8 and links to each other by screw thread, flow channel thermal insulation layer 17 is positioned at flow channel vertical tube 8 and nozzle endosome 10 the insides, flow fast to sprayer body 9 Temperature Influence with isolated hot-air, inner conical surface shower nozzle 14 and sprayer body 9 link to each other by screw thread, three jackscrews 19 are installed on sprayer body 9, three jackscrews 19 are along circumferentially uniform, jackscrew 19 withstands on the nozzle endosome 10, be used for regulating the uniformity of the annular gap between sprayer body 9 and the nozzle endosome 10, barrel 5 and sprayer body 9 link to each other by screw, hopper 4 and barrel 5 link to each other by screw thread, screw rod 6 is positioned at barrel 5, screw rod 6 links to each other with servomotor 1 by shaft coupling 2, servomotor 1 is installed on the electric machine support 3, and electric machine support 3 is fixed on the flat board of barrel 5 by screw; Inner conical surface shower nozzle 14 links to each other with earth electrode 11, collecting electrode plate 13 is fixed on a distance under the inner conical surface shower nozzle 14, collecting electrode plate 13 links to each other with the high-voltage positive electrode terminal of HV generator 12, flow channel blast pipe 7 links to each other with external hot gas source, and heater 15 links to each other with temperature control box with temperature sensor 16.
During spinning work, open heater 15, under the control of temperature sensor 16, heating cylinder 5 and sprayer body 9; After treating that barrel 5 and sprayer body 9 are warmed up to the operating temperature of setting, open servomotor 1, drive the rotational speed of screw rod 6 to set, in hopper 4, add plastics, plastics are fusion and mobile forward under the effect of screw rod 6, and the annular gap of plastic melt by forming between flow channel vertical tube 8 and nozzle endosome 10 and the sprayer body 9 arrives on the inner conical surface of inner conical surface shower nozzle 14, by regulating three jackscrews 19, make the melt that arrives on the inner conical surface be evenly distributed; Open external hot gas source, send the hot-air of uniform temperature to flow channel blast pipe 7; Open HV generator 12, make that collecting electrode plate 13 is charged, 14 in collecting electrode plate 13 and inner conical surface shower nozzle form electrostatic field, melt forms taylor cone under the acting in conjunction of electric field and wind field, to overwork a circle taylor cone this moment on the rib of inner conical surface shower nozzle 14, when electric field force during greater than smelt surface tension, taylor cone just forms jet, and then be spun into silk, on collecting electrode plate 13, receive the fiber of micro/nano level.
An embodiment as shown in Figure 1, sprayer body 9 external diameter 36mm, set 200 ℃ of barrel 5 temperature, 240 ℃ of sprayer body 9 temperature, in hopper 4, add and melt and spray with polypropylene (pp6315), setting screw rod 6 rotating speeds is 20r/min, the hot blast design temperature is 80 ℃, hot blast flow velocity 200m/s, the distance that collecting electrode plate 13 and inner conical surface shower nozzle 14 are set is 15cm, HV generator 12 making alive 60kv, under the acting in conjunction of electric field force and hot blast, to spin the 30-40 rhizoid simultaneously on the inner conical surface shower nozzle 14, the diameter of silk can reach about 500nm-1 μ m, and spinning efficiency is about 20g/h.
Claims (5)
1. melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle, it is characterized in that: mainly comprise hopper, barrel, sprayer body, the inner conical surface shower nozzle, the flow channel blast pipe, the flow channel vertical tube, the flow channel thermal insulation layer, the nozzle endosome, key, jackscrew, heater, temperature sensor, screw rod, shaft coupling, servomotor, electric machine support, earth electrode, collecting electrode plate and HV generator, the flow channel vertical tube links to each other by screw thread with the nozzle endosome, and be installed in the sprayer body, key is installed between flow channel vertical tube and sprayer body, make and locate between flow channel vertical tube and sprayer body, the flow channel blast pipe passes sprayer body and links to each other by screw thread with the flow channel vertical tube, the flow channel thermal insulation layer is positioned at flow channel vertical tube and nozzle endosome the inside, the inner conical surface shower nozzle links to each other by screw thread with sprayer body, jackscrew is installed on sprayer body, jackscrew is along circumferentially uniform, jackscrew withstands on the nozzle endosome, be used for regulating the uniformity of the annular gap between sprayer body and the nozzle endosome, barrel links to each other by screw with sprayer body, hopper links to each other by screw thread with barrel, screw rod is positioned at barrel, screw rod links to each other with servomotor by shaft coupling, servomotor is installed on the electric machine support, and electric machine support is fixed on the flat board of barrel by screw; The inner conical surface shower nozzle links to each other with earth electrode, the collecting electrode plate is fixed on a distance under the inner conical surface shower nozzle, the collecting electrode plate links to each other with the high-voltage positive electrode terminal of HV generator, and the flow channel blast pipe links to each other with external hot gas source, and heater links to each other with temperature control box with temperature sensor.
2. a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt between inner conical surface shower nozzle and sprayer body to be threaded, can replace the inner conical surface shower nozzle, select the inner conical surface shower nozzle of different cone angles for use, the inner conical surface surface of inner conical surface shower nozzle can be made smooth, also can make uniformly with densely arranged a lot of groove.
3. a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: heater can be an electric heater unit, it also can be electromagnetic heater, also can carry out indirect by gas or heated fluid stream medium, generally barrel and sprayer body and inner conical surface shower nozzle are carried out the heating of segmentation multistage, each section temperature is accurately controlled by temperature sensor.
4. a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: feed way adopts screw rod, or adopts plunger, or small-sized extruder feed, or utilizes the deadweight feed of melt.
5. a kind of melt differential electrostatic spinning nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt barrel central feeding and barrel side air intake, the wind that side is advanced is vertically blown down after by the flow channel vertical tube, blows on the inner conical surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310159570.0A CN103225116B (en) | 2013-05-03 | 2013-05-03 | Differential melt-electrospinning jet head |
| US14/888,059 US10344400B2 (en) | 2013-05-03 | 2014-04-28 | Melt differential electrospinning device and process |
| PCT/CN2014/076385 WO2014177039A1 (en) | 2013-05-03 | 2014-04-28 | Melt differential electrospinning device and process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310159570.0A CN103225116B (en) | 2013-05-03 | 2013-05-03 | Differential melt-electrospinning jet head |
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| CN103225116A true CN103225116A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| CN103225116B CN103225116B (en) | 2014-11-05 |
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Application publication date: 20130731 Assignee: Beijing HiSilicon Pharmaceutical Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: BEIJING University OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022980018612 Denomination of invention: A Melt Differential Electrospinning Nozzle Granted publication date: 20141105 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20221017 |