CN103279817B - A kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, its key is: described system comprises product pedigree management platform, projects management platform, functional sequence management platform and precision plastic forming process knowledge base.The present invention proposes a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, this is not only to make up the defects such as precision plastic forming process development and Design personnel stock of knowledge is not enough, design blindness, low-level repetition, numerous technology point in product shaping industrial analysis and procedure analysis can also be avoided to calculate problem, the level that effective raising precision plastic forming process is designed and developed and the efficiency such as loaded down with trivial details, the process exploitation cycle is long.The present invention can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacture field.

Description

A kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, for the design to metal product plastic forming process, exploitation, belong to plastic forming technology field.

Background technology

Digital forming technology is the important directions of precision plastic forming technical development, by the collection to existing forming technology knowledge, arrangement, conclusion, the decomposition of process innovation method for designing, refinement, integrated computer technology and precision plastic forming technology, exploitation has forming technology database, the design of Forming Technology expert system of using value, instructs actual process to develop and product design.At present, theoretical research personnel have carried out the researchs such as structuring program development, the exploitation of shaping knowledge data base, expert design system exploitation, promote the integrated development of digitizing technique and precision plastic forming technology, but mostly theoretical research concentrates on the technical study of individual module or technology point, multimode Integrated Development and engineer applied less.As the people such as Huang Shaodong have carried out a kind of research (ZL200710092856.6) of plasticity forming numerical modeling method, achieve numerical simulation pre-treatment driving parameter to be connected with the effective of finite element software, improve efficiency and the level of design of Simulation, but be the application of single module.In the face of the demand for development that multi items, the formed product high-performance becoming batch, low-cost design manufacture, in the urgent need to improving research and development and the engineering sense of the precision plastic forming design system of integrated multimode, solve multi-product design of Forming Technology efficiency and level is not high, the outstanding problem of like product forming technology low-level repetition.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system.

To achieve these goals, by the following technical solutions, a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, is characterized in that: described Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system comprises:

Product pedigree management platform: the management and the editor that complete product type structure; According to geometric type and the structure of precision plastic forming product, set up product three grades of pedigree management platforms, first the product type one-level pedigrees such as cup-shaped class, major axis class, branch type, cake lopps, tubulose class are set up, then in one-level pedigree, set up the product structure secondary pedigree that type is identical, geometry is different, in product structure secondary pedigree, finally set up projects three grades of pedigrees of target product; The type of described product, structure and projects all have newly-built, delete, browse, copy, move, export, the editting function such as preservation;

Projects management platform: the management and the editor that complete the full life design cycle of product item engineering; Comprise information input/output module, product basic data module, process knowledge module, Design of Dies module, process results storage module, geometric parameter driver module, numerical simulation process management module, completed the Classification Management of process knowledge by above-mentioned module, have newly-built, delete, browse, copy, move, export, the editting function such as preservation;

Functional sequence management platform: comprise rule-based Process planning flow and the Process planning flow based on example; Wherein, rule-based Process planning flow comprises industrial analysis module, procedure analysis module, described industrial analysis module comprises precision analysis computing module, deformation analysis computing module, forging drawing design module, mechanical parameter calculation module, combined die computing module, three-dimensional model driver module, numerical simulation driver module, and described procedure analysis module comprises process knowledge evaluation module, operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, mould structure design and load module; Process planning flow based on example comprises: Case retrieval course module, example evaluation of result module;

Precision plastic forming knowledge base: Precision Integrated Plastic Forming knowledge information, set up precision plastic forming primary knowledge base, technological design knowledge base, mould knowledge base, numerical simulation knowledge base, craft embodiment storehouse, instruct precision plastic forming process process development, new rudimentary knowledge, process knowledge, mould knowledge, modeling knowledge, Case knowledge can be formed in the design process simultaneously, and can be saved in precision plastic forming knowledge base.

The functions of modules of described projects management platform comprises:

Information input/output module: the external informations such as the part of Product Process design two dimension drawing, three-dimensional part model, part picture are input to system assigned address, then system preserves this information automatically to database, or selects appointed information in systems in which and output to its exterior; Described information comprises the information such as text, two-dimentional drawing, three-dimensional model, picture, three-dimensional model configuration file;

Product basic data module: to the characteristic information such as title, numbering, material of product, and the technical information such as the technical indicator of product, technical requirement carries out managing and editing;

Process knowledge module: the technique of Product Process design forming is instructed to the process knowledges such as knowledge, technology assessment knowledge, process reasoning knowledge, and the operation knowledge such as operation type, process flow, operation card of product sequence design forming carries out managing and editing;

Design of Dies module: to mould parts and affiliated X-Y scheme, the three-dimensional plot such as punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam of product mold design, and the supplementary such as the technical requirement of mould parts manufacture, description of the process carries out managing and editing;

Process results storage module: by the process results data with directive significance formed in the industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, mechanical parameter calculation, combined die calculating, carry out classification in the mode of form and store in groups;

Geometric parameter driver module: the three-dimensional models such as part, forging, process part processing, mould parts are driven the geometric parameter meeting designing requirement formed, carry out classification in the mode of form and store in groups;

Numerical simulation process management module: the parameter information of product plasticity forming numerical modeling pre-treatment is carried out classification with key formatted file and form mode and stores in groups, aftertreatment technology information is carried out classification with DB formatted file and form mode and is stored in groups.

The functions of modules of described rule-based Process planning flow comprises:

Precision analysis computing module: the forming accuracy analysis knowledge providing the different materials such as warm working, cold forming, provides the calculating of the precision IT grade of product critical size, inquiry and data to preserve, and recommends the forming mode that it is applicable to;

Deformation analysis computing module: the deformation analysis knowledge that the different materials such as warm working, cold forming is provided, system can obtain the geological information such as sectional area, distance of product assigned address online, there is provided the deformation analysis calculating such as deep hole length-diameter ratio, reduction of area, extrusion ratio, jumping-up rate, enlarging and closing in coefficient and data result to preserve, evaluate the Allowable Degree whether exceeding material on this basis;

Forging drawing design module: the shape analysis knowledge, the dimension analysis knowledge that are applicable to forging are provided, the data that combination product precision IT grade, deformation analysis simultaneously calculates, the design quantity of forging process and the forging shape of each operation; There is provided thickness more than the minimum pressure of forging, the maximum extruding degree of depth, maximum extrude the forging process structures such as length, fillet, cone angle, gross weight, complexity coefficient and size calculating and data preserve, there is provided the calculating of the forging geometric properties parameters such as Swelling and contraction amount, process redundancy, pattern draft and data to preserve, determine the parameter value of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis; Apply the method driven based on three-dimensional model, call geometric model and the parameter of forging, automatically generate forging three-dimensional plot; The locating function of sectional area equidimension parameter in the volume of forging three-dimensional plot, maximum secting area, appointment orientation is provided, there is provided forging three-dimensional plot to X-Y scheme transformation function, and the tool sets such as using rough degree, tolerance, positioning datum, complete the refinement of forging two dimension drawing;

Mechanical parameter calculation module: the influence factor of unit pressure that warm working, cold forming are provided, the knowledge such as the unit pressure of various material warm working, cold forming; Warm forward extrusion, warm backward extrusion, warm Compound Extrusion, cold forward extrusion, cold backward extrusion, cold Compound Extrusion, jumping-up, die forging, enlarging, the unit pressure of closing in and the calculating of plastic force and lectotype selection knowledge are provided; The parameter such as induction heating, blanking is provided to calculate and lectotype selection knowledge;

Combined die computing module: the design knowledge providing combined die, provides two-layer combined die, the calculating of three layers of combined die parameter, design;

Three-dimensional model driver module: comprise the functions such as three-dimensional driving, online management and two dimension conversion; The 3-D geometric model design basis platform of application and development, the form that automatically can read input system is the three-dimensional model geometric information of the arbitrary shape of the types such as prt, igs, and generate the configuration file be associated with its parameter, realize Geometrical model-driver parametrization; When all kinds of three-dimensional model design such as part, forging, mould, by inputting the correlation parameter of geometric model, system generates the three-dimensional model consistent with geometric parameter automatically; If desired carry out perfect to the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model, it can be the file type that the UG specialty modeling softwares such as prt, igs can identify by three-dimensional model output format, and call UG software and carry out perfect to the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model after improving is preserved in systems in which again; Three-dimensional model has the function of the two-dimentional drawing conversion to types such as exb, dwg, dxf, by the tool set such as roughness, tolerance, positioning datum of customized development, completes the refinement of two-dimentional drawing; Three-dimensional model has the functions such as online browse, output, Distance query, volume inquiry, sectional area inquiry, maximum cross-section scanning;

Numerical simulation driver module: comprise pre-treatment driving and aftertreatment preservation; The pre-treatment parameters such as numerical simulation amoeboid movement parameter, stress and strain model parameter, material model and temperature parameter, exposure parameter, environmental parameter are set in systems in which, numerical simulation pre-treatment parameter is preserved with key document form simultaneously, by calling the interface program of numerical simulation, start numerical simulation software DEFORM, after completing pre-treatment modeling, import the key file of pre-treatment parameter into DEFORM, complete pre-treatment optimum configurations; After numerical simulation terminates, the DB file of formation, stress picture, strain picture, object information such as damage picture, power energy curve etc. are kept in system value simulation process administration module in form mode;

Process knowledge evaluation module: the design knowledge formed according to industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, mechanical parameter calculation, numerical simulations, the on-line analysis functions such as systems with data analysis, graphic analyses, text analyzing, evaluate the feasibility, technological parameter etc. of product Plastic Forming, design is applicable to technique and the parameter report of product precision plastic forming;

Operation and parameter designing and scheduler module: in conjunction with knowledge such as the blanking in precision plastic forming knowledge base, heating, warm working, annealing, cold forming, equipment, formulate operation route and the parameter of product shaping; System provides standard or self-defining processing card template, user according to Product Process designing requirement, the information such as input product attribute, operation title, parameter index, technical requirement, operation requirements, picture, the automatic generation process card of system;

Mould structure design and load module: the Design of Dies knowledge such as mold materials, mould quality of fit, punch structure, cavity die structure, flash gutters, circulation cooling mechanism, guide frame, die carrier structure are provided, apply the method driven based on three-dimensional model, the three-dimensional dimension that can realize any mould parts such as punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam drives, two-dimentional drawing creation, and on basis, complete the assembling of the correction of mould parts partial structurtes, mould parts.

The functions of modules of the described Process planning flow based on example comprises:

Case retrieval course module: retrieve qualified example; Adopt the method that character type and numeric type combine, according to product pedigree structure relation, character type desired value, the numeric type desired value of input retrieval, find the case set that similarity is more than or equal to the targets threshold of setting, and sort according to the order that similarity is descending; If the example similarity retrieved all is less than the targets threshold of setting, then search argument conditioned disjunction threshold range is adjusted, again find similar example with a high credibility; Concrete, comprise following modules:

(1) definition module: objective definition example character type parameter and numeric type parameter and search condition thereof;

(2) normalization module: by retrieving in a database, forms the case set and the data matrix thereof that meet search condition, and is normalized data matrix;

(3) module is set: the weight arranging character type parameter, numeric type parameter respectively, arranges the set goal threshold value;

(4) object module: carry out Similarity Measure to case set, selects similarity to be more than or equal to the example of targets threshold, and according to the descending order of similarity, sorts to example; If example similarity is less than targets threshold, then Reparametrization weight and targets threshold, then carry out Similarity Measure.

Wherein the method for definition character shape parameter and numeric type parameter and search condition is as follows:

(1) quantification treatment is carried out to character type parameter: according to search conditions such as " or, and ", if the target character feature of the character retrieved and input meets completely, then eigenwert is designated as 1; If the target character local of the character retrieved and input meets, the number of characters that the portion of setting a trap meets is a, max number of characters be b (b>=a), then eigenwert is designated as D=a/b ∈ [0,1]; Suppose that the target character shape parameter retrieved has k, then the eigenwert of target character shape parameter is defined as D automatically _0j=1 (j=1,2 ..., k); Obtain m example by retrieval, then the eigenwert of its i-th example jth character type parameter is designated as D simultaneously _ij∈ [0,1] (i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k);

(2) quantification treatment is carried out to numeric type parameter: according to ">=, > ,=, < ,≤" etc. search condition, obtain meeting the data value that retrieval requires; Suppose that the target number shape parameter retrieved has k, its numeric type eigenwert is designated as D _0j=1,2 ..., k), obtain m example by retrieval, then the eigenwert of i-th example jth numeric type parameter is designated as D simultaneously _ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k).

Wherein the method that is normalized of data matrix is as follows:

In order to eliminate the impact that multiple different parameters has just been measured, need target component D _0j(j=1,2 ..., k) with the example parameter D retrieved _ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., union matrix data k) formed is normalized, and obtains normalization data matrix with the method of its normalized comprises:

One is the normalization processing method of Wogvily Mining Way:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{D_{\mathrm{xj}}-{\min }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}}{{\max }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}-{\min }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k);$

Two is the normalization processing methods hoping little characteristic:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{{\max }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}-D_{\mathrm{xj}}}{{\max }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}-{\min }_{x=0}^m{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k);$

Three is normalization processing methods of Definite purpose:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{\min (D_{\mathrm{xj}},D_{0j})}{\max (D_{\mathrm{xj}},D_{0j})}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k);$

Four is normalization processing methods of vector characteristics:

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{D_{\mathrm{xj}}}{\sqrt{\underset{x=0}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}^2}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k).$

Wherein arrange character type parameter, numeric type parameter the method for weight as follows:

Suppose to there is data matrix η _ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k), in order to the significance level of each target of accurate description, employing expert composes power and entropy weighs overall approach to data matrix η _ij(i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k) be weighted process;

First, expert is set and composes weights: expert directly gives weight w to a jth evaluation objective _pj∈ [0,1], and then, the entropy weight of data matrix is calculated: the entropy of a definition jth evaluation objective is i=1,2 ..., m; J=1,2 ..., k, wherein $f_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{(1+{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\mathrm{ij}})}{\underset{i=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(1+{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\mathrm{ij}})};$ The entropy power of Calculation Estimation target $w_{\mathrm{Hj}}=\frac{1-H_j}{k-\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{H}_j}\&Element;\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right],$ And $\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}=1;$ Moreover, calculate the synthetic weights weight values composing power and entropy power based on expert: comprehensive weight $w_j=\frac{w_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}\&Element;\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right].$

Wherein the method for Similarity Measure carried out to case set as follows:

Note normalization data matrix $D_{0j}^{\&prime;}(j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$ With $D_{\mathrm{ij}}^{\&prime;}(i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$ Row difference absolute value be matrix the similar example that retrieval obtains and the degree of association matrix that target case is formed wherein ξ ∈ [0,1] is environmental parameter, and the general value of ξ is 0.5; Adopt the method for mean value and hyperspace distance, example comprehensive similarity is calculated;

One be mean value method comprehensive similarity calculate: first to matrix η _ijbe weighted process, then calculate the comprehensive similarity value of example r _ibe worth larger then higher with the similarity of desired value;

Two be hyperspace distance comprehensive similarity calculate: first to matrix η _ijbe weighted process, then calculate the comprehensive similarity value of example r _ibe worth larger then higher with the similarity of desired value;

Example evaluation of result module: the technique of the maximum example of similarity is analyzed, evaluate whether similar to the geometric type of target product, technical requirement, process, if meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then on this example basis, design can be carried out to target product technique perfect; If do not meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then advise again retrieving or adopt rule-based process design method.

The present invention proposes a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, this is not only to make up the defects such as precision plastic forming process development and Design personnel stock of knowledge is not enough, design blindness, low-level repetition, numerous technology point in product shaping industrial analysis and procedure analysis can also be avoided to calculate problem, the level that effective raising precision plastic forming process is designed and developed and the efficiency such as loaded down with trivial details, the process exploitation cycle is long.The present invention can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacture field.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of product pedigree management platform in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of project engineering management platform in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of precision plastic forming knowledge base in the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, comprising:

Product pedigree management platform 1: the management and the editor that complete product type structure; According to geometric type and the structure of precision plastic forming product, set up product three grades of pedigree management platforms, first the product type one-level pedigree 1-1 such as cup-shaped class, major axis class, branch type, cake lopps, tubulose class are set up, then in one-level pedigree, set up the product structure secondary pedigree 1-2 that type is identical, geometry is different, in product structure secondary pedigree, finally set up projects three grades of pedigree 1-3 of target product; The type of described product, structure and projects all have newly-built, delete, browse, copy, move, export, the editting function such as preservation;

Projects management platform 2: the management and the editor that complete the full life design cycle of product item engineering; Comprise following functional module: the external informations such as the part of Product Process design two dimension drawing, three-dimensional part model, part picture are input to system assigned address by information input/output module 2-1, then system preserves this information automatically to database, or selects appointed information in systems in which and output to its exterior; Described information comprises the information such as text, two-dimentional drawing, three-dimensional model, picture, three-dimensional model configuration file; Product basic data module 2-2 is to the characteristic information such as title, numbering, material of product, and the technical information such as the technical indicator of product, technical requirement carries out managing and editing; The technique of process knowledge module 2-3 to Product Process design forming instructs the process knowledges such as knowledge, technology assessment knowledge, process reasoning knowledge, and the operation knowledge such as operation type, process flow, operation card of product sequence design forming carries out managing and editing; Design of Dies module 2-4 is to mould parts and affiliated X-Y scheme, the three-dimensional plot such as punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam of product mold design, and the supplementary such as the technical requirement of mould parts manufacture, description of the process carries out managing and editing; The process results data with directive significance that process results storage module 2-5 will be formed in the industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, mechanical parameter calculation, combined die calculating, carry out classification in the mode of form and store in groups; The three-dimensional models such as part, forging, process part processing, mould parts are driven the geometric parameter meeting designing requirement formed by geometric parameter driver module 2-6, carry out classification and store in groups in the mode of form; The parameter information of product plasticity forming numerical modeling pre-treatment is carried out classification with key formatted file and form mode and stores in groups by numerical simulation process management module 2-7, and aftertreatment technology information is carried out classification with DB formatted file and form mode and stored in groups.

Functional sequence management platform 3: comprise rule-based Process planning flow 3-1 and the Process planning flow 3-2 based on example;

Wherein, rule-based Process planning flow 3-1 comprises industrial analysis module, procedure analysis module, described industrial analysis module comprises precision analysis computing module, deformation analysis computing module, forging drawing design module, mechanical parameter calculation module, combined die computing module, three-dimensional model driver module, numerical simulation driver module, and described procedure analysis module comprises process knowledge evaluation module, operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, mould structure design and load module; Wherein, precision analysis computing module provides the forming accuracy analysis knowledge of the different materials such as warm working, cold forming, provides the calculating of the precision IT grade of product critical size, inquiry and data to preserve, and recommends the forming mode that it is applicable to; Deformation analysis computing module provides the deformation analysis knowledge of the different materials such as warm working, cold forming, system can obtain the geological information such as sectional area, distance of product assigned address online, there is provided the deformation analysis calculating such as deep hole length-diameter ratio, reduction of area, extrusion ratio, jumping-up rate, enlarging and closing in coefficient and data result to preserve, evaluate the Allowable Degree whether exceeding material on this basis; Forging drawing design module provides the shape analysis knowledge, the dimension analysis knowledge that are applicable to forging, the data that combination product precision IT grade, deformation analysis simultaneously calculates, the design quantity of forging process and the forging shape of each operation; There is provided thickness more than the minimum pressure of forging, the maximum extruding degree of depth, maximum extrude the forging process structures such as length, fillet, cone angle, gross weight, complexity coefficient and size calculating and data preserve, there is provided the calculating of the forging geometric properties parameters such as Swelling and contraction amount, process redundancy, pattern draft and data to preserve, determine the parameter value of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis; Apply the method driven based on three-dimensional model, call geometric model and the parameter of forging, automatically generate forging three-dimensional plot; The locating function of sectional area equidimension parameter in the volume of forging three-dimensional plot, maximum secting area, appointment orientation is provided, there is provided forging three-dimensional plot to X-Y scheme transformation function, and the tool sets such as using rough degree, tolerance, positioning datum, complete the refinement of forging two dimension drawing; Mechanical parameter calculation module provides the influence factor of unit pressure of warm working, cold forming, the knowledge such as the unit pressure of various material warm working, cold forming; Warm forward extrusion, warm backward extrusion, warm Compound Extrusion, cold forward extrusion, cold backward extrusion, cold Compound Extrusion, jumping-up, die forging, enlarging, the unit pressure of closing in and the calculating of plastic force and lectotype selection knowledge are provided; The parameter such as induction heating, blanking is provided to calculate and lectotype selection knowledge; Combined die computing module provides the design knowledge of combined die, provides two-layer combined die, the calculating of three layers of combined die parameter, design; Three-dimensional model driver module comprises the functions such as three-dimensional driving, online management and two dimension conversion; The 3-D geometric model design basis platform of application and development, the form that automatically can read input system is the three-dimensional model geometric information of the arbitrary shape of the types such as prt, igs, and generate the configuration file be associated with its parameter, realize Geometrical model-driver parametrization; When all kinds of three-dimensional model design such as part, forging, mould, by inputting the correlation parameter of geometric model, system generates the three-dimensional model consistent with geometric parameter automatically; If desired carry out perfect to the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model, it can be the file type that the UG specialty modeling softwares such as prt, igs can identify by three-dimensional model output format, and call UG software and carry out perfect to the partial structurtes of three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model after improving is preserved in systems in which again; Three-dimensional model has the function of the two-dimentional drawing conversion to types such as exb, dwg, dxf, by the tool set such as roughness, tolerance, positioning datum of customized development, completes the refinement of two-dimentional drawing; Three-dimensional model has the functions such as online browse, output, Distance query, volume inquiry, sectional area inquiry, maximum cross-section scanning; Numerical simulation driver module comprises pre-treatment driving and aftertreatment is preserved; The pre-treatment parameters such as numerical simulation amoeboid movement parameter, stress and strain model parameter, material model and temperature parameter, exposure parameter, environmental parameter are set in systems in which, numerical simulation pre-treatment parameter is preserved with key document form simultaneously, by calling the interface program of numerical simulation, start numerical simulation software DEFORM, after completing pre-treatment modeling, import the key file of pre-treatment parameter into DEFORM, complete pre-treatment optimum configurations; After numerical simulation terminates, the DB file of formation, stress picture, strain picture, object information such as damage picture, power energy curve etc. are kept in system value simulation process administration module in form mode; The design knowledge that process knowledge evaluation module is formed according to industrial analyses such as precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, mechanical parameter calculation, numerical simulations, the on-line analysis functions such as systems with data analysis, graphic analyses, text analyzing, evaluate the feasibility, technological parameter etc. of product Plastic Forming, design is applicable to technique and the parameter report of product precision plastic forming; Operation and parameter designing in conjunction with knowledge such as the blanking in precision plastic forming knowledge base, heating, warm working, annealing, cold forming, equipment, formulate operation route and the parameter of product shaping with scheduler module; System provides standard or self-defining processing card template, user according to Product Process designing requirement, the information such as input product attribute, operation title, parameter index, technical requirement, operation requirements, picture, the automatic generation process card of system; Mould structure design and load module provide the Design of Dies knowledge such as mold materials, mould quality of fit, punch structure, cavity die structure, flash gutters, circulation cooling mechanism, guide frame, die carrier structure, apply the method driven based on three-dimensional model, the three-dimensional dimension that can realize any mould parts such as punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam drives, two-dimentional drawing creation, and on basis, complete the assembling of the correction of mould parts partial structurtes, mould parts.

Process planning flow 3-2 based on example comprises: Case retrieval course module, example evaluation of result module; Wherein, the method that Case retrieval course module adopts character type and numeric type to combine, according to product pedigree structure relation, character type desired value, the numeric type desired value of input retrieval, find the case set that similarity is more than or equal to the targets threshold of setting, and sort according to the order that similarity is descending; If the example similarity retrieved all is less than the targets threshold of setting, then search argument conditioned disjunction threshold range is adjusted, again find similar example with a high credibility; The technique of example evaluation of result module to the maximum example of similarity is analyzed, evaluate whether similar to the geometric type of target product, technical requirement, process, if meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then on this example basis, design can be carried out to target product technique perfect; If do not meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then advise again retrieving or adopt rule-based process design method.

Precision plastic forming knowledge base 4: Precision Integrated Plastic Forming knowledge information, set up precision plastic forming primary knowledge base 4-1, technological design knowledge base 4-2, mould knowledge base 4-3, numerical simulation knowledge base 4-4, craft embodiment storehouse 4-5, instruct precision plastic forming process process development, new rudimentary knowledge, process knowledge, mould knowledge, modeling knowledge, Case knowledge can be formed in the design process simultaneously, and can be saved in precision plastic forming knowledge base.

When applying native system, carry out complete design work by following operation:

1, product Basic Information Management

First, in product pedigree management platform, set up three grades of pedigrees of product, and the Back ground Information such as the title of input product projects, date created, projects explanation.

Then, in projects management platform, newly-built product item engineering is managed and edited.1. in information input/output module, the part two dimension drawing of input product, part three-dimensional drawing, part picture, part specification documents.2. in product basic data module, the characteristic information such as title, numbering, material of input product, the technical information such as technical indicator, technical requirement of product.3. " engineering calculation menu " entered function workflow management platform is clicked.

2, Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming design

(1) if new product development, rule-based process design method can be selected in functional sequence management platform.

First be carry out industrial analysis: 1. in precision analysis computing module, calculate accessory size permissible accuracy grade, judge whether applicable warm forming or cold forming, if element precision exceedes the accuracy rating of cold forming, then suggestion adopts the mode of adding process redundancy to form.2. for part material type and the trade mark, the distortion knowledge of material is searched in systems in which; For the geometry of part, search the shape analysis knowledge of this class formation, dimension analysis knowledge, case knowledge in systems in which; Tentatively determine geometric configuration and the deformation parameter of forging.3., in three-dimensional model driver module, select " call UG program to open " order, open part three-dimensional plot, on this basis the geometric configuration of primary design forging, and the three-dimensional model of forging is kept in information input/output module with prt formatted output.4. in forging drawing design module, forging process structure and the dimensional data such as thickness, the maximum extruding degree of depth more than the minimum pressure of calculating forging, calculate the forging geometric properties parameters such as Swelling and contraction amount, process redundancy, fill in the parameter list of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis.5., in three-dimensional model driver module, call geometric model and the parameter list of forging, system generates forging three-dimensional plot automatically.6. in deformation analysis computing module, search the parameter such as sectional area, distance calculated needed for forging deformation extent online, judge deformation extent whether in material deformation range allowable, otherwise need employing multi-step forming, design each operation forging drawing.7. in mechanical parameter calculation module, search the knowledge of material deformation stress, calculate shaping gross load.8. in combined die computing module, according to the unit pressure that mould bears, judge whether to need to adopt combined die structure; In mould structure design and load module, the title of design and preservation mould parts, the mould parts type that calling system carries and structure thereof, in three-dimensional model driver module, complete the design of mould parts, preservation and assembling, and realize mould parts by the conversion of three-dimensional model to two-dimentional drawing.If 9. need to carry out numerical simulation, can in numerical simulation driver module, fill in pre-treatment parameter list, and preserve with key file, call the interface program of numerical simulation, start DEFORM software, the key file of the 3-D geometric model of mould, blank and pre-treatment parameter designing is passed to DEFORM successively, complete pre-treatment and arrange; After numerical simulation completes, to DB formatted file, ess-strain picture, power energy curve, damage and fill the aftertreatment analog results such as type effect and analyze and preserve.

Then be carry out industrial analysis: 1. in process knowledge evaluation module, utilize formation process data in industrial analysis, evaluate the feasibility of technique.2., in operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, design and preservation forming process route, fill in the process information tables such as the title of each operation, parameter index, technical requirement, picture, the automatic generation process card of system, instructs forming technology to test.

(2) if like product exploitation, the process design method based on example can be selected in functional sequence management platform.

First, in Case retrieval course module, character targets value, the digital object value of input retrieval, arrange the targets threshold of system acceptable similarity, and sorted according to the order that similarity is descending by the example retrieved.

Present citing illustrates retrieving:

Project team, in order to carry out precision plastic forming process exploitation to certain cup-shaped class piston product, tentatively selects the precision plastic forming process method for designing based on example, needs in precision plastic forming database, retrieve similar product or technique example.

Using certain cup-shaped class piston product as target example, suppose to retrieve 6 examples in a database, parameter and the result of its retrieval are as shown in table 1.

The parameter value of table 1 target example and retrieval example

Due to precision IT grade >=7, surface roughness Ra >=0.8 of general cold extrusion forging, the ratio of defects ideal value of cold extrusion product is 0.Carry out whitening processing to the parameter value of target example, carry out quantification treatment to character type parameter value, wherein, the whitening processing of the forging precision IT grade of target example is: (7+9)/2=8; The whitening processing of surface roughness Ra is: (0.8+1.6)/2=1.2; The whitening processing of product defects rate (%) is: (0+1.5)/2=0.75.The quantizing method of character type parameter is: suppose that the number of characters that example character is consistent with target character is a, max number of characters is b (a≤b), then the eigenwert of example character type parameter is a/b ∈ [0,1], the albefaction of example parameter and quantification treatment data result as shown in table 2.

The albefaction of table 2 example parameter and quantification treatment data matrix D _xj

The data matrix D of his-and-hers watches 2 data composition _xj, carry out the normalized of vector characteristics according to the following formula, obtain normalization data matrix as shown in table 3.

$D_{\mathrm{xj}}^{\&prime;}=\frac{D_{\mathrm{xj}}}{\sqrt{\underset{x=0}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{D}_{\mathrm{xj}}^2}}(x=\mathrm{0,1},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$

Data matrix after table 3 normalized

The supplemental characteristic retrieving example in his-and-hers watches 3 carries out with the supplemental characteristic of target example asking difference to calculate and absolute value process respectively, obtains data matrix E _ijas shown in table 4.

The data matrix E after difference process asked by table 4 _ij

The data matrix E of his-and-hers watches 4 data composition _ij, carry out degree of association process according to the following formula, obtain example degree of association data matrix η _ijas shown in table 5.

${\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\mathrm{ij}}=\frac{\min E_{\mathrm{ij}}+\mathrm{\&xi;}{\max E}_{\mathrm{ij}}}{E_{\mathrm{ij}}+{\mathrm{\&xi;}\max E}_{\mathrm{ij}}}(i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k),$ Wherein ξ ∈ [0,1] is environmental parameter, and ξ value is 0.5.

Table 5 example degree of association data matrix η _ij

The data matrix η of his-and-hers watches 5 data composition _ijaccording to calculate, obtain its associated data transformed matrix f _ijas shown in table 6.

Table 6 associated data transformed matrix f _ij

Data matrix f in his-and-hers watches 6 _ij, calculate its entropy calculating entropy is weighed $w_{\mathrm{Hj}}=\frac{1-H_j}{k-\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{H}_j}\&Element;\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right],$ And $\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}=1;$ And adopt expert's enabling legislation to carry out assignment w to parameter _pj∈ [0,1], and $\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Pj}}=1,$ Calculate comprehensive weight $w_j=\frac{w_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_{\mathrm{Pj}}{w}_{\mathrm{Hj}}}\&Element;\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right].$ The comprehensive weight obtained is as shown in table 7.

Table 7 composes the comprehensive weight data of power based on entropy Quan He expert

Example parameter	j＝1	j＝2	j＝3	j＝4	j＝5	j＝6	j＝7
								Entropy	0.993	0.997	0.999	0.997	0.999	0.994	0.998
Entropy weight	0.297	0.147	0.025	0.139	0.052	0.263	0.077
								Expert composes weights	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.150	0.100
Synthetic weights weight values	0.305	0.151	0.025	0.143	0.053	0.270	0.053

Data in his-and-hers watches 5, according to the synthetic weights weight values in table 7, are weighted process, then calculate the example comprehensive similarity value based on mean value method $R_i=\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{w}_j{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\mathrm{ij}}}{k}\&Element;\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right](i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k)$ With the example comprehensive similarity value based on hyperspace distance $R_i=1-{\left(\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{\left(w_j(1-{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_{\mathrm{ij}})\right)}^2\right)}^{0.5}\&Element;\left[\mathrm{0,1}\right](i=\mathrm{1,2},...,m;j=\mathrm{1,2},...,k).$ To example similarity according to R _iit is as shown in table 8 that the descending order of value carries out sequence.

Table 8 example Similarity Measure result

Can be known by table 8, adopt the example comprehensive similarity result of calculation based on mean value method consistent with the example comprehensive similarity result of calculation based on hyperspace Furthest Neighbor.The descending sequence of similarity of 6 examples retrieved is: R ₃> R ₁> R ₂> R ₆> R ₄> R ₅.Illustrate that example 3 is maximum with the similarity of target example.

The present invention proposes a kind of Case retrieval course method based on precision plastic forming database, effectively can improve the accuracy of multiparameter retrieval and example Similarity Measure, improve the precision plastic forming process application level based on example, the method can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacture field.

Then in example evaluation of result module, judge whether similar example meets the production engineering specifications of target product, if met, then can on the basis of similar example, carry out perfect to related process parameters, finally form the mould drawing, the operation card that instruct target product forming technology to test.

3, verification experimental verification and perfect technology

According to the operation card formed, form verification experimental verification, the reliability of examination precision plastic forming process and product quality, all critical learning that actual tests process is formed is saved in the knowledge base of this product item engineering simultaneously.

The present invention proposes a kind of Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, this is not only to make up the defects such as precision plastic forming process development and Design personnel stock of knowledge is not enough, design blindness, low-level repetition, numerous technology point in product shaping industrial analysis and procedure analysis can also be avoided to calculate problem, the level that effective raising precision plastic forming process is designed and developed and the efficiency such as loaded down with trivial details, the process exploitation cycle is long.The present invention can be used for Plastic Forming new product, new process development, also can be used for automobile, motorcycle, special equipment drip molding manufacture field.

Claims (1)

1. a Knowledge based engineering precision plastic forming knowledge-base design system, is characterized in that: described system comprises:

Product pedigree management platform: comprise first cup-shaped class, major axis class, branch type, cake lopps, tubulose series products type one-level pedigree, the product structure secondary pedigree identical from one-level pedigree type, geometry is different, sets up three grades of pedigrees of the projects of target product in secondary pedigree;

Projects management platform: the management and the editor that complete the full life design cycle of product item engineering; Comprise information input/output module, product basic data module, process knowledge module, Design of Dies module, process results storage module, geometric parameter driver module, numerical simulation process management module;

Functional sequence management platform: comprise rule-based Process planning flow and the Process planning flow based on example; Wherein, rule-based Process planning flow comprises industrial analysis module and procedure analysis module;

Described industrial analysis module comprises precision analysis computing module, deformation analysis computing module, forging drawing design module, mechanical parameter calculation module, combined die computing module, three-dimensional model driver module, numerical simulation driver module;

Described procedure analysis module comprises process knowledge evaluation module, operation and parameter designing and scheduler module, mould structure design and load module;

Process planning flow based on example comprises Case retrieval course module and example evaluation of result module;

Precision plastic forming knowledge base: Precision Integrated Plastic Forming knowledge information, set up precision plastic forming primary knowledge base, technological design knowledge base, mould knowledge base, numerical simulation knowledge base, craft embodiment storehouse, instruct precision plastic forming process process development, new rudimentary knowledge, process knowledge, mould knowledge, modeling knowledge, Case knowledge can be formed in the design process simultaneously, and can be saved in precision plastic forming knowledge base;

Information input/output module: the part of Product Process design two dimension drawing, three-dimensional part model, part picture external information are input to system assigned address, then system preserves this information automatically to database, or selects appointed information in systems in which and output to its exterior;

Product basic data module: to title, numbering, the material characteristics information of product, and the technical indicator of product, technical requirement technical information carry out managing and editing;

Process knowledge module: knowledge, technology assessment knowledge, process reasoning knowledge process knowledge are instructed to the technique of Product Process design forming, and the operation type of product sequence design forming, process flow, operation card operation knowledge carry out managing and editing;

Design of Dies module: to the punch of product mold design, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, ejector beam mould parts and affiliated X-Y scheme, three-dimensional plot, and the technical requirement of mould parts manufacture, description of the process supplementary carry out managing and editing;

Process results storage module: precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, mechanical parameter calculation, combined die are calculated the process results data with directive significance formed in industrial analysis, carries out classification in the mode of form and store in groups;

Geometric parameter driver module: part, forging, process part processing, mould parts three-dimensional model are driven the geometric parameter meeting designing requirement formed, carries out classification in the mode of form and store in groups;

Numerical simulation process management module: the parameter information of product plasticity forming numerical modeling pre-treatment is carried out classification and stores in groups, aftertreatment technology information is carried out classification and is stored in groups;

Precision analysis computing module: the forming accuracy analysis knowledge providing warm working, cold forming different materials, provides the calculating of the precision IT grade of product critical size, inquiry and data to preserve, and recommends the forming mode that it is applicable to;

Deformation analysis computing module: the deformation analysis knowledge that warm working, cold forming different materials are provided, system can obtain sectional area, the geometric distance information of product assigned address online, there is provided deep hole length-diameter ratio, reduction of area, extrusion ratio, jumping-up rate, enlarging and the deformation analysis calculating of closing in coefficient and data result to preserve, evaluate the Allowable Degree whether exceeding material on this basis;

Forging drawing design module: the shape analysis knowledge, the dimension analysis knowledge that are applicable to forging are provided, the data that combination product precision IT grade, deformation analysis simultaneously calculates, the design quantity of forging process and the forging shape of each operation; There is provided thickness more than the minimum pressure of forging, the maximum extruding degree of depth, maximum extrude length, fillet, cone angle, gross weight, complexity coefficient forging process structure and size calculating and data preserve, there is provided the calculating of Swelling and contraction amount, process redundancy, pattern draft forging geometric properties parameter and data to preserve, determine the parameter value of forging 3-D geometric model on this basis; Apply the method driven based on three-dimensional model, call geometric model and the parameter of forging, automatically generate forging three-dimensional plot; The locating function of cross-sectional dimension parameter in the volume of forging three-dimensional plot, maximum secting area, appointment orientation is provided, provides forging three-dimensional plot to X-Y scheme transformation function, and using rough degree, tolerance, positioning datum tool set, complete the refinement of forging two dimension drawing;

Mechanical parameter calculation module: the influence factor of unit pressure that warm working, cold forming are provided, the unit pressure knowledge of various material warm working, cold forming; Warm forward extrusion, warm backward extrusion, warm Compound Extrusion, cold forward extrusion, cold backward extrusion, cold Compound Extrusion, jumping-up, die forging, enlarging, the unit pressure of closing in and the calculating of plastic force and lectotype selection knowledge are provided; Induction heating, blanking parameter is provided to calculate and lectotype selection knowledge;

Combined die computing module: the design knowledge providing combined die, provides two-layer combined die, the calculating of three layers of combined die parameter, design;

Three-dimensional model driver module: comprise three-dimensional driving, online management and two-dimentional transformation function; The 3-D geometric model design basis platform of application and development, can read the three-dimensional model geometric information of the arbitrary shape of input system automatically, and generates the configuration file be associated with its parameter, realizes Geometrical model-driver parametrization; When part, forging, all kinds of three-dimensional model of mould design, by inputting the correlation parameter of geometric model, system generates the three-dimensional model consistent with geometric parameter automatically;

Numerical simulation driver module: comprise pre-treatment driving and aftertreatment preservation; Numerical simulation amoeboid movement parameter, stress and strain model parameter, material model and temperature parameter, exposure parameter, environmental parameter pre-treatment parameter are set in systems in which, numerical simulation pre-treatment parameter is preserved with key document form simultaneously, by calling the interface program of numerical simulation, start numerical simulation software DEFORM, after completing pre-treatment modeling, import the key file of pre-treatment parameter into DEFORM, complete pre-treatment optimum configurations; After numerical simulation terminates, the DB file of formation, stress picture, strain picture, damage picture, power energy Dependence Results information are kept in system value simulation process administration module in form mode;

Process knowledge evaluation module: the design knowledge formed according to precision analysis calculating, deformation analysis calculating, mechanical parameter calculation, numerical simulation industrial analysis, systems with data analysis, graphic analyses, text analyzing on-line analysis function, evaluate the feasibility of product Plastic Forming, technological parameter, design is applicable to technique and the parameter report of product precision plastic forming;

Operation and parameter designing and scheduler module: in conjunction with the blanking in precision plastic forming knowledge base, heating, warm working, annealing, cold forming, equipment knowledge, formulate operation route and the parameter of product shaping; System provides standard or self-defining processing card template, user according to Product Process designing requirement, input product attribute, operation title, parameter index, technical requirement, operation requirements, pictorial information, the automatic generation process card of system;

Mould structure design and load module: mold materials, mould quality of fit, punch structure, cavity die structure, flash gutters, circulation cooling mechanism, guide frame, die carrier structure Design of Dies knowledge are provided, apply the method driven based on three-dimensional model, punch, die, punch fixed cover, die shrink ring, mould bases, backing plate, the three-dimensional dimension driving of any mould parts of ejector beam, two-dimentional drawing creation can be realized, and on basis, complete the assembling of the correction of mould parts partial structurtes, mould parts;

Case retrieval course module: retrieve qualified example;

Example evaluation of result module: the technique of the maximum example of similarity is analyzed, evaluate whether similar to the geometric type of target product, technical requirement, process, if meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then on this example basis, design can be carried out to target product technique perfect; If do not meet the production engineering specifications of target product, then advise again retrieving or adopt rule-based process design method.