CN103364056A - Scaling buoy of three-antenna multi-mode GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite height gauge - Google Patents
Scaling buoy of three-antenna multi-mode GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite height gauge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sea level height scaling buoy of a satellite height gauge, wherein the seal level height scaling buoy is mainly used for accurately determining sea level height and belongs to the technical field of ocean monitoring instruments. The scaling buoy fills the blank of GNSS scaling buoy high-accuracy instruments of the satellite height gauge, a three-antenna multi-mode GNSS is introduced for completely utilizing the superiority of three-antenna combination and accurately calculating instantaneous gesture of the GNSS scaling buoy, so that the accuracy and reliability of determining the water level height of the GNSS scaling buoy are improved. The scaling buoy overcomes the defects of too small distance between antennas and water level and great influence on water level multi-path effect caused by the fact that the antenna phase center of the GNSS and the barycenter of the scaling buoy are overlapped, and the designed three-antenna multi-mode GNSS scaling buoy can extend a GNSS observation module over the water level, so that the influence of water level multi-path effect on GNSS positioning resolving accuracy is prevented. The scaling buoy is applied to the satellite height gauge for observing accurate scaling.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of satellite altimeter sea level height calibration buoy, is mainly used in accurately determining of sea level altitude, belongs to the marine monitoring Instrument technology field.
Background technology
Satellite altimeter is a high-tech measuring technique of getting up as fast development, its research and application almost spread all over the various aspects relevant with the ocean height, produced a deepgoing revolution in space geodetic surveying and physical oceangraphy field, provided powerful support for for the research of Global climate change precise quantitative provides.Satellite altimetry can round-the-clock long-time monitoring Global sea level and ocean dynamical environment, can obtain the important parameter of sea situations such as comprising sea height, Ocean Wind-field, Lang Chang, ocean current, temperature, morning and evening tides, these parameters and data play an important role in scientific research of seas, marine military activity and development of the national economy service.
The development of satellite altimetry has obtained qualitative leap so that the accuracy of observation of sea level altitude develops into present centimetre-sized from initial meter level.The highest altitude gauge satellite of precision can reach the precision of 2～3cm to the observation of sea level height at present.The high observation in high-precision sea like this has inseparable relation with the calibration work of satellite altimeter.Utilize altitude gauge observation data precision, when studying the global sea variation tendency quantitatively, must from the high observed result of final survey, accurately deduct the long term drift item of altitude gauge itself.The absolute deviation of altitude gauge observed result is demarcated and the long term drift item is demarcated, and all needs to realize by the comparative analysis with outside measured data.Accuracy in order to guarantee that altitude gauge is measured must check by external means, and this also is the basic point of departure of various countries' development altitude gauge calibration technique.
Calibration and checking work are the major parts that the satellite altimeter ground system is built.Can be the altitude gauge data by the satellite altimeter calibration of building and verification system long-term monitoring is provided, and before the altitude gauge data product is distributed to the user, data are carried out validity check.The demarcation of satellite altimeter, when usually adopting altitude gauge to pass by and on-the-spot simultaneous observation, the sea level height of moonscope and the sea level height of actual measurement are compared, obtain the sea level height calibration offset, and then the system deviation (droop item and drift bias item) of altitude gauge is revised.At present, the altitude gauge sea level height is demarcated the three kinds of methods that mainly contain both at home and abroad: tidal station calibration, offshore oil platform calibration and the calibration of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) buoy.The tidal station calibration is based on existing tidal station tide gauge and calibrates, tidal station builds on deepwater continent bank or island usually, do not overlap with the altitude gauge substar, be that tidal station measurement point and altitude gauge substar exist certain geographic position difference, therefore, when calibration, need at first eliminate both geographic position difference, definitely compare again.Offshore oil platform calibration is that the offshore oil platform at the satellite altimeter ground trace carries out simultaneous observation, the sea level height of both observation relatively, thus realize absolute calibration to satellite altimeter.The calibration of GNSS buoy is at sub-satellite point the instantaneous sea level of GNSS buoy simultaneous observation to be set to calibrate.
Traditional altitude gauge calibration technique is used for the science of Altimetry Data reliable basic data is provided.But along with the development of satellite altimetry, and human needs to the higher accuracy of observation of global sea variation, traditional altitude gauge calibration technique can not satisfy the requirement of the accurate sea level of satellite altimeter of new generation accuracy of observation.The limitation of the method for tradition scaling method itself and measuring error have surpassed the high observation in altitude gauge sea and have required (sea that following altitude gauge is 1 centimetre is high determines that accuracy requirement altitude gauge stated accuracy is better than 1 centimetre).Carry out in the altitude gauge calibration utilizing the tidal station data, because the tidal observation observation position does not strictly overlap usually with satellite altimeter actual observation track, the necessary gradient of accurately determining observation moment substar sea surface topography its objective is for the data reduction of calibration point actual observation is arrived in satellite altitude and the actual observation zone.And high precision and high-resolution sea surface topography gradient accurately determine to be still a difficult problem of the not yet fine solution in oceanographic research field.Usually, utilize the gradient that the Calibration Field Regional geoid/the quasigeoid model obtains to replace true sea surface topography gradient.Like this approximate, under the high requirement of determining in high precision sea, and imprecision, error are larger.In addition, usually tidal station is located near the shore line, it is very large that its observed result is affected by marine environment, and altitude gauge observation sea high precision is in the inshore zone, owing to be subject to the impact on land and island, its precision is not identical with sea, zone, ocean high precision, and such calibration result can not really represent the true accuracy of observation of altitude gauge objectively.For the oil platform scaling method, the bearing accuracy of platform own is subjected to the factor affecting such as drilling well exploitation vibrations, and precision is not high.The GNSS buoy is demarcated, and part has overcome in the tidal station scaling method, because near the shore line, the not high and land/island of satellite altimeter accuracy of observation are on the impact of altitude gauge observed result.Be compared to conventional art, GNSS buoy technique table reveals more advantage, and at first float device is simple, convenient with respect to the calibration field, cost is low, secondly disposes and observes flexibly, can be in zones of different different time sections Continuous Observation.In addition, the accurate treatment technology of GNSS data is comparatively ripe at present, can directly obtain after treatment the high observed quantity in sea of centimetre-sized, and this observed quantity can be used as reference value, and satellite is surveyed the high sea high measurement value that obtains and is compared with it and just can obtain altitude gauge measurement deviation, thereby raises the efficiency.
Tradition GNSS calibration buoy, the GNSS buoy that usually all is based on single antenna carries out the calibration of satellite altimeter.Single antenna GNSS buoy is because vertical bearing accuracy itself is not high; Affected significantly by the ocean high-frequency fluctuation; Attitude changes frequent; The buoy phase center is difficult to the factors such as demarcation with true mean sea level difference in height, causes single antenna GNSS buoy actual observation precision not high, and its observational error far surpasses the stated accuracy requirement.This invention proposes to utilize triantennary, and adopts the form of multimode GNSS observation, accurately determines the variation of buoy transient posture.By resolving the accurate attitude of buoy, the satellite antenna barycenter can be separated with the buoy barycenter, avoided because barycenter is overlapping the impact that causes whole buoy transient equilibrium that buoy GNSS is highly resolved.Because the buoy attitude can be determined by the method for triantennary, can be higher than the sea level when GNSS antenna is installed on the buoy, can avoid like this because the impact that the multipath effect of sea complexity resolves the GNSS buoy position.In addition, multimode GNSS observation can significantly improve the satellite altimeter calculation accuracy.
China starts late at the satellite altimeter area research, and China is also having certain gap with advanced international standard aspect the height finding radar altitude gauge demarcation of ocean at present, and special altitude gauge calibration field is not also arranged at present, and aviation calibration technology is adopted in the demarcation of altitude gauge more.There is not ripe achievement to use for reference aspect altitude gauge theory of calibration and the method, mainly to follow the tracks of foreign technology and data processing method as main yet.Therefore, development and the development that high satellite system is surveyed in China ocean of the autonomous altitude gauge calibration technique of develop actively China has vital role.In August, 2011, China has succeeded in sending up first ocean altitude gauge satellite HY-2a, and 20 months in orbit.A large amount of sea level height observational datas have been obtained.Compare the business treatment scheme of external maturation, China still has gap in altitude gauge data processing method and professionalization level.The development of the multimode GNSS satellite altimeter calibration buoyage by the present invention is based on triantennary can significantly improve the precision of China's autonomous altitude gauge satellite sea level height observation, for the application of altitude gauge product provides reliably accurately basic data.
This invention, will be for exploring China's autonomous seasat calibration check new model, advance calibration and check businessization, for utilization factor and the quantitative level that improves remotely-sensed data provides service, by carrying out targetedly autonomous seasat situ calibration inspection technology research, progressively solve existing problems in each the load calibration check of China's seasat, this invention is to serve the ocean remote sensing service application as target, calibrate gordian technique demand in the check around autonomous seasat, height is surveyed at the rail absolute calibration in key breakthrough China autonomous satellite radar altimeter sea, set up autonomous radar altimeter sea and survey high in rail absolute calibration service system.Carrying out with to finish above-mentioned related work very urgent, be not only the needs of China's autonomous seasat engineering system quality assessment, also is its function of checking and the needs of performance, performance satellite overall efficiency, the especially needs of satellite remote sensing product quantification application.
Summary of the invention
Satellite altimeter GNSS calibrating method: utilize the high precision sea high data of GNSS buoy by obtaining the buoy position with on the bank GNSS reference station translocation namely to survey simultaneously sea high measurement value that high satellite flies over this position and also process by precision and obtain with respect to the height of ellipsoid in this sea.Choose from the survey high sea high observed quantity of GNSS observation station close to according to the satellite flight track, then adopt in linearity or the cubic spline function and be inserted to comparison point, obtain the sea high measurement value that the observation station place surveys high satellite, sea height last and that the observation of GNSS buoy obtains compares and obtains the altitude gauge deviation.
Current, the main problem that single antenna GNSS buoy faces is: only depend on a GNSS antenna, can't provide buoy transient posture angle, change the impact that single antenna buoy water surface elevation is resolved for reducing the buoy attitude, usually take the method for compromising, antenna phase center is placed in as much as possible on the barycenter of buoy, but such scheme so that the GNSS antenna almost with the observation water plane in one plane, cause the GNSS receiver to receive a large amount of water surface multi-path signals, and then affect the precision that GNSS buoy height resolves.
The GNSS buoy that the present invention relates to, its core technology are to utilize three GNSS antennas, the accurately variation of monitering buoy attitude angle.Because the buoy attitude angle can accurately obtain, so the GNSS antenna need not unanimously with the buoy barycenter, and can exceed the observation water plane, significantly to reduce water surface multipath effect to the impact of GNSS positioning calculation.Behind the instrument development, only need to demarcate GNSS and resolve center and buoy observation water surface vertical range, the reduction of the buoy pin-point accuracy that GNSS can be resolved is to the water surface elevation of required observation.In addition, accurately determining of buoy attitude also helps the raising of GNSS buoy location calculation accuracy.
The emphasis of buoy development is to keep at grade by center of equilibrium and the buoy waterline of suitable design proposal with buoy, means no matter how the buoy attitude changes, and the center of equilibrium of whole buoy remains on same plane with the observation water bit line all the time.Because under the initial static equilibrium state, triantennary multimode GNSS module computing center and whole buoy center of equilibrium position can Accurate Measurements, when the buoy run-off the straight, have benefited from triantennary GNSS and design, the buoy attitude angle can accurately record.Thereby the GNSS module centers can accurately calculate to the vertical range of the water surface, realizes that finally the triantennary multimode GNSS centre of location is to the accurate reduction of observation water level.
The present invention aims at the blank of high precision satellite altimeter GNSS calibration buoy instrument, by introducing triantennary multimode GNSS system, take full advantage of the superiority of triantennary combination, the transient posture of accurate Calculation GNSS buoy, and then improve precision and the reliability that GNSS buoy water surface elevation is determined.The present invention has overcome single antenna because the GNSS antenna phase center overlaps with the buoy barycenter, it is excessively near that the antenna that causes is dried up, the shortcoming that water surface Multi-Path Effects is larger, the triantennary multimode GNSS buoy of design, can observe module extend to more than the water surface GNSS, thereby avoid the impact of water surface multipath effect on GNSS positioning calculation precision.New design will take full advantage of the characteristic of GNSS high precision, high-spatial and temporal resolution, high information content, and water surface elevation determines that precision will be better than 10cm.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples patent of the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 triantennary multimode GNSS satellite altimeter calibration buoy modular design figure.
Triantennary multimode GNSS buoy mainly contains three modules and forms, and comprises GNSS antenna and receiver module; Buoy electric power supply and waterproof module; Buoy body and data storage, moistureproof module forms.
Fig. 2 triantennary multimode GNSS decides appearance, locating module design drawing.
Three GNSS receivers are installed in respectively the vertex position of equilateral triangle on the GNSS platform, and three GNSS antennas are positioned at same plane, and between three antenna phase centers apart from Accurate Measurement.The equilateral triangle geometric center marks with the steel survey mark at platform.Whole GNSS platform exceeds the load line of buoy with setting height.
Fig. 3 triantennary multimode GNSS water surface elevation reduction synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Triantennary multimode GNSS buoy mainly contains three modules and forms, and comprises GNSS antenna and receiver module; Buoy electric power supply and waterproof module; Buoy body and data storage, moistureproof module forms.
Triantennary multimode GNSS module is comprised of three GNSS antennas and receiver, and three GNSS are installed in respectively the vertex position of equilateral triangle on the GNSS platform, and three GNSS antennas are positioned at same plane, and between three antenna phase centers apart from Accurate Measurement.The equilateral triangle geometric center marks with the steel survey mark at platform.Equilateral triangle geometric center to each antenna distance is accurately measured.Whole GNSS platform exceeds the load line of buoy with setting height.The GNSS buoy is in the normal level situation, and with the equilateral triangle geometric center height that three GNSS resolve, deduction platform level altitude can obtain the observed reading that water surface elevation is measured.It is in order accurately to obtain normal and the vertical line angle of GNSS platform, the i.e. attitude angle of GNSS buoy that three antennas are the main cause that equilateral triangle settles.The GNSS platform exceeds the design of the water surface, is the multipath effect that causes in order to shield as far as possible the emission of the around water surface.Be to guarantee the normal operation of instrument, high-strength material use on GNSS buoy top, makes seal closure, prevents that wave, seawater intrusion are to the infringement of buoy interior instrument.GNSS antenna mounting platform is made by stainless steel material, for reducing platform deformation to water-level observation result's impact.Special processing will be done in platform inside, guarantee being rigidly connected of platform and integrally and buoy body.
Solar powered module is comprised of some solar panels and electric battery.Solar panel is fixedly mounted on GNSS receiver platform side with certain inclination angle.For guaranteeing that the buoy barycenter is positioned on the same vertical line with geometric center as far as possible.Solar panel will distribute around Central Symmetry.Cell panel adopts the encapsulation of high-level efficiency polycrystalline silicon solar sheet, guarantees that the solar panel generated output is sufficient.With high-quality EVA rete as the sealant of solar cell and and glass, solar panels between coupling agent.Have higher transmittance and ageing resistance.
For improving corrosion resistivity and the buoyancy of GNSS buoy.To adopt the ionic polymerization polyfoam to make the buoy floats assembly.The ionic polymerization polyfoam is a kind of condensate of high-quality, and its histocyte is very tough, wall thickness and closely, and is lightweight, buoyancy is high; Water absorption resistance is strong, not permeated by fuel and chemicals; Security is desirable, and pigment, UV light stabilizing agent and antioxidant can be integrated in the cell tissue directly, equably, and be very durable, without japanning.After buoyancy aid was shaped, the top layer sees through high temperature and high pressure is encrypted, and formed unusually strong, the integraty crust (identical with the material of golf, pin external protection) of one deck, and tool is from the body crashworthiness.The buoy made from the ionic polymerization polyfoam has following advantage: the pigment of integraty, the epidermis of integraty: need not abrasive blasting and japanning between each the input; Extremely durable, viability is incomparable: can bear the destructions such as rifle fire, also can not continue corrosion and sinking after the perforation; Can not damage the collision thing during collision; Can resist the biological erosion that attaches thing, with the corrosion of solvent and chemicals; Low maintenance and long life represent with low cost between whole life cycle; High buoyancy/weight ratio: can obtain heavier dead weight capacity at less, more portative buoy; Be easy to deposit and move, also very safe on deck.
Utilize the high precision sea high data of GNSS buoy by obtaining the buoy position with on the bank GNSS reference station translocation namely to survey simultaneously sea high measurement value that high satellite flies over this position and also process by precision and obtain with respect to the height of ellipsoid in this sea.Choose from the survey high sea high observed quantity of GNSS buoy observation station close to according to the satellite flight track, then adopt in linearity or the cubic spline function and be inserted to comparison point, obtain the sea high measurement value that the observation station place surveys high satellite, sea height last and that the observation of GNSS buoy obtains compares and obtains the altitude gauge deviation.
Claims (1)
1. a satellite altimeter GNSS demarcates buoy, comprise buoy modular design and buoy attitude, location compute, it is characterized in that: by introducing triantennary multimode GNSS system, take full advantage of three GNSS antenna combinations, the transient posture of accurate Calculation GNSS buoy, GNSS observation module on the buoy can be extended to more than the water surface, avoid water surface multipath effect on the impact of GNSS positioning calculation precision.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN106885586A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-23 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Satellite radar altimeter absolute calibration method without specially calibrating field |
| WO2017128871A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | 申研 | High-precision, real-time satellite positioning device and method thereof |
| CN107063201A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-18 | 长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局 | Carry the accurate depth measurement erecting device of integration and its system of calibration system |
| CN110530471A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | It is a kind of based on hydrodynamic force to the assessment device and method that sea level rise |
| CN110855343A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-28 | 山东科技大学 | Underwater sound positioning and timing buoy and working method thereof |
| CN111142144A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-12 | 山东科技大学 | Underwater acoustic positioning and timing buoy and underwater positioning method |
| CN111409774A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-14 | 国家海洋技术中心 | GNSS buoy for measuring sea surface height |
| CN114383578A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-22 | 中国人民解放军61540部队 | Sea surface height measurement system and method based on ocean monitoring buoy |
| CN115112093A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-09-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Absolute sea surface elevation measurement system, measurement method and satellite altimeter calibration system |
| CN116753991A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2023-09-15 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Satellite altimeter calibration method and system based on fixed field |
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| WO2017128871A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | 申研 | High-precision, real-time satellite positioning device and method thereof |
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| CN107063201A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-18 | 长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局 | Carry the accurate depth measurement erecting device of integration and its system of calibration system |
| CN110530471A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | It is a kind of based on hydrodynamic force to the assessment device and method that sea level rise |
| CN110530471B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-09-08 | 浙江海洋大学 | Device and method for evaluating sea level rise based on hydrodynamic force |
| CN110855343A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-28 | 山东科技大学 | Underwater sound positioning and timing buoy and working method thereof |
| WO2021139022A1 (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | 山东科技大学 | Underwater acoustic positioning and timing buoy and underwater positioning method |
| CN111142144A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-12 | 山东科技大学 | Underwater acoustic positioning and timing buoy and underwater positioning method |
| CN111409774A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-14 | 国家海洋技术中心 | GNSS buoy for measuring sea surface height |
| CN114383578A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-22 | 中国人民解放军61540部队 | Sea surface height measurement system and method based on ocean monitoring buoy |
| CN114383578B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-03-15 | 中国人民解放军61540部队 | Sea surface height measurement system and method based on ocean monitoring buoy |
| CN115112093A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-09-27 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Absolute sea surface elevation measurement system, measurement method and satellite altimeter calibration system |
| CN115112093B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-01-31 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Absolute sea surface elevation measurement system, measurement method and satellite altimeter calibration system |
| CN116753991A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2023-09-15 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Satellite altimeter calibration method and system based on fixed field |
| CN116753991B (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2023-11-07 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Satellite altimeter calibration method and system based on fixed field |
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Application publication date: 20131023 |