CN103399217A - Method seeking reason for mis-trip of secondary switch of B-phase grounded TV due to operation interference - Google Patents
Method seeking reason for mis-trip of secondary switch of B-phase grounded TV due to operation interference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method seeking a reason why operation interference causes mis-trip of a secondary switch of a B-phase grounded TV. Under the condition that the secondary switch of the bus TV is tripped out when a primary disconnector is operated, and the B phase of the secondary side of the TV is confirmed to be grounded, dynamic indexes of the disconnector during switching on/off tests are detected as following 1) whether current pulse peak is greater than 30A, probable range greater than 30times/s, and lasting time more than 500ms are detected; 2) whether power-frequency input impedance between the secondary switch and the ground is lower than 0.1omega is detected; 3) whether quick-break current of the secondary switch is lower than 10pu is detected; and 4) whether the trip-out time of the secondary switch is less than 100ms is detected. The method of the invention can effectively determine mis-tripping as well as power failure of protective equipment caused by high-frequency strong current pulse due to disconnector operation together with performance problems of the secondary switch of the TV, so that effectively measures can be adopted and faults can prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to switch operation of a kind of searching and disturb the detection method that causes B phase ground connection TV secondary switch trip reason, belong to power system transformer substation resist technology field.
Background technology
The fault of bus TV secondary switch trip appearred in Huangdao Power Plant, generating plant, Jining, Huang Tai generating plant etc. while the several times switch operation successively occurring; and then cause the distance protection action tripping operation of bus associated circuitry, transformer, cause thus the major accident of unit outage large-area power-cuts.
For example, after the 220kV of Huang Island power plant booster stations nineteen nineties puts into operation, there will be the fault of TV secondary switch trip when switch operation, after having taked at that time some measures, keeping and moving reluctantly.Until bus TV secondary load decompression, distance protection action, two accidents that the 220kV switch trips simultaneously when the operation disconnecting link, repeatedly occur again in January, 2010.Obviously the hidden danger of the operation interference of disconnecting link and switch mis-jumping does not thoroughly solve, and the generation of accident has not only caused loss to power plant, has also injured the safe operation of electrical network.
Switch operation disturbs and causes the problem of B phase ground connection TV secondary switch trip very outstanding, though in data before, relevant report is arranged, the problem thinking of problem analysis and solution differs greatly.Be similar to and occur in the operation transformer station that above-mentioned example says, switch operation disturbs the problem that causes TV secondary switch trip and distance protection misoperation never to find for a long time reason and the disposal route of fault.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to a switch operation and disturb the problem that causes B phase ground connection TV secondary switch trip, a kind of detection method that can detect and confirm TV secondary switch malfunction trip reason is provided.
The technical scheme of employing of the present invention is as follows:
Find a switch operation and disturb the detection method that causes B phase ground connection TV secondary switch trip reason; bus TV secondary switch trip when carrying out a switch operation; the protection action, carry out the dynamic test of the charged divide-shut brake of disconnecting link and relevant envelope test under the condition of confirming TV quadratic B phase ground connection:
The Peak of current pulse that produces while (1) detecting charged deciliter test of disconnecting link〉30A, the probable range that electric current occurs〉30 times/s, the time that electric current continues〉500ms;
(2) whether detect the power frequency input impedance of secondary P cock between over the ground less than 0.1 Ω;
(3) whether detect the quick-break electric current of secondary P cock less than 10pu;
(4) whether detect the trip time of secondary P cock less than 100ms;
If the Peak of current pulse that produces during the disconnecting link opening and closing that detects test〉30A, 30 times/s of probable range, lasting time〉500ms; The power frequency input impedance of secondary switch between over the ground is less than 0.1 Ω; The quick-break electric current of secondary switch is less than 10pu; The trip time of secondary switch is less than 100ms.And these 4 conditions exist simultaneously; just can determine to cause the reason of secondary switch motion to be: the high-frequency coupling voltage of a switch operation generation has produced the high frequency By Impulsive Current in the loop by B phase TV secondary switch, ground wire and earth mat formation; the impulse density of this electric current has met secondary switch motion condition with the time that continues; cause its tripping operation, and then make the protection misoperation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the dynamic indicator that when trip time by detecting the secondary P cock, the quick-break electric current of secondary P cock, power frequency input impedance and disconnecting link opening and closing test, the record ripple detects is determined the reason of switch malfunction.The present invention can judge effectively that the performance issue of TV secondary switch has caused switch mis-jumping to cause equipment to have a power failure, and, in order to take effective measure, prevents the generation of fault.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Huang Island power plant method of operation wiring diagram;
Fig. 2 (a), the voltage dependent resistor (VDR) of bus TV secondary circuit wiring and the position of capacitor;
Fig. 2 (b), I bus TV secondary switch and numbering figure;
Fig. 2 (c), II bus TV secondary switch and numbering figure;
Fig. 3, the central station of floating dock schematic diagram is transferred to by switch gear room in the position of earth point;
Fig. 4, secondary voltage waveform enlarged drawing during the tripping operation of #1TV P cock;
Fig. 5, AC phase voltage dividing potential drop phasor graph;
Fig. 6, secondary current waveform while dividing disconnector;
Fig. 7, secondary current waveform while closing disconnector;
Fig. 8, secondary voltage waveform enlarged drawing during the tripping operation of #2TV P cock;
Fig. 9, the offset distance that contains round dot is protected acting characteristic.
Embodiment
Embodiment (take the Huangdao Power Plant switch operation as example)
The present invention has analyzed the solution switch operation and has disturbed the example that causes B phase ground connection TV secondary switch trip, showed detection method in trouble-shooting, in the superpotential of determining that switch operation produces, and superpotential transmission causes the reason of TV secondary switch trip and is setting up aspect rational index system the work of doing.
Using at the scene 20MHz bandwidth oscillograph to carry out the record ripple to the dynamic parameter of operation interference voltage, electric current detects; Static parameter of secondary circuit, switch etc. is tested; To the location problem relevant with stray capacitance, with the device problem of relating to parameters, with the earth mat problem of structurally associated, analyze, thereby determined the reason of fault.
While confirming switch operation, the reason of TV switch trip is not that the power frequency short circuit causes, but the electric current that is produced by high frequency interference has surpassed working value I
dzCause; TV secondary switch breaking causes circuit distance protection decompression and moves, and forces line outage, compressor emergency shutdown.
One, phenomenon of the failure
On January 5th, 2009, Huangdao Power Plant stops #4 machine operation no problem.Two problems that bus TV secondary switches trip jointly, when height operates for the change power failure, occurred in January 13, and January 15, when height operated for the change power transmission, result was consistent while with power failure, operating.TV secondary switch trip has caused B phase dead electricity, and lock is chosen in two route protection misoperations.Afterwards disconnecting link 204-1 had been carried out repeatedly dividing, close test, and done the inspection of record ripple, and confirmed that finally TV secondary three-phase voltage was normal, secondary neutral N630, neutral point N640 do not have the superpotential phenomenon to occur; The TV secondary does not have grounding phenomenon yet, the power frequency short trouble that because of problem with grounding, does not cause; That high-frequency current acts on TV secondary switch trip.This has been taked the corresponding precautionary measures: use shielded cable; With shielding layer grounding; The TV secondary uses split-phase switch; Improved the action index of TV secondary split-phase switch; The TV secondary only keeps an earth point; Earth point is away from booster stations; Use grounding copper bar etc.Operation result shows, the problem of TV secondary switch trip and route protection misoperation is resolved.So, solved the historical problem of leaving over before 20 years.Fig. 1 is seen in the wiring of Huang Island power plant system.The doubtful point that is worth analyzing has:
Doubtful point 1, the historical problem relevant to the age.January nineteen ninety, the TV secondary neutral added Zinc-Oxide Arrester, and in June, 90 secondary phase-splitting adds pressure-sensitive resistance, the record that the secondary switch trip was once arranged in 20 years afterwards, but very few.Two weeks comes in the recent period, carries out 6 times different operations, the problem of secondary switch trip has all occurred at every turn why.
Doubtful point 3, with the earth mat problem of structurally associated.How the earth mat effect is worth research at present.Special-purpose grounding copper bar is not laid in generating plant, and how about the copper bar that more not have ring to get up to connect, if lay after the grounding copper bar of special use effect.
Doubtful point 4, the plant issue relevant with protection.Circuit I, II protect misoperation, and circuit III is action not.
Doubtful point 5, the stray capacitance problem relevant with layout.Also relevant with the locus of equipment cable etc.
Two, checking process
1, TV secondary circuit and static parameter inspection
(1) general inspection
Fig. 2 is seen in the wiring of bus TV secondary circuit.
Fig. 2 (a), the position of voltage dependent resistor (VDR) and capacitor, be I bus TV secondary circuit wiring part, A601, B601, C601, L601, A630, B600, C630, L630, N630, Sa630 are the loop numbering; F311 is I bus TV second protection P cock; RD is fuse.
Fig. 2 (b), be the wiring of corresponding I bus TV secondary circuit, and A630 ', C630 ' are the loop numbering, and F321 is the metering P cock.
Fig. 2 (c), be the wiring of corresponding II bus TV secondary circuit, and A601 ', B601 ', C601 ', A640, B600, C640, N640 are the loop numbering, and F411 is the protection P cock; F421 is the metering P cock.
The scope of examination and result are as follows.
There is the multipoint earthing problem in the TV secondary, and all TV of generating plant are ground connection on the spot all, and connecting line is arranged between earth point, so causes multipoint earthing.
The configuration of TV secondary switch and parameter situation:
Protection is with the be in parallel capacitor of 2 * 4 μ F of TV secondary A, C;
Protection TV secondary A, B, C three-phase ganged P cock rated current 3A;
Metering TV secondary A, B, C three-phase ganged P cock rated current 5A;
The protection pattern C3 of TV secondary switch, characterisitic parameter sees the following form:
(2) action parameter such as secondary switch test
TV secondary three-phase star, delta windings voltage dependent resistor (VDR) (non-linear resistance) parameter in parallel, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) checks that with the method for external dc its operation voltage is 175V; The design load of TV second breakdown insurance is 220V.
The power frequency action current is 7 times of rated current, i.e. 7pu, t=80ms.
High-frequency current also can start the secondary switch trip.
Ground connection TV secondary current index, the power current 18mA in B601 loop.
(3) loop industrial frequency AC testing impedance
Earth point when diverse location, is measured relatively AC impedance from the TV secondary wiring terminals, i.e. the undesired signal AC impedance in loop of flowing through, and numerical value sees the following form.
| Electric parameter | The switch place is ground connection on the spot | The outer central station of floating dock place of TV100m ground connection |
| I (electric current) | 5A | 5A |
| U (voltage) | 1.0V | 8.1V |
| Z (impedance) | 0.20Ω | 1.62Ω |
The position of earth point is referring to Fig. 3.
2, the historical problem inspection of TV
The situation of (1) twice transformation
During initial design, the TV secondary neutral has been installed breakdown fuse, but the frequent ground connection of breakdown fuse after operation causes the short circuit of B phase, switch trip.
Transformation, installed one group of Zinc-Oxide Arrester January nineteen ninety in the TV secondary neutral for the first time, and operation result shows, produces little effect.
Transformation, installed voltage dependent resistor (VDR) June nineteen ninety at each winding of TV secondary for the second time, and operation result shows, produce effects fair, but the problem of isolator operation TV secondary switch trip appears in occasional.
(2) failure condition of I bus TV
I bus TV once exploded, and reason is that the secondary counter power transmission causes.
3, failure wave-recording inspection
According to fault oscillograph as can be known, the resolution of oscillograph is 100 times/cycle, record ripple figure is seen Fig. 4, the reason of fluctuation is arranged is B phase switch trip to the B phase voltage in figure, but seeing from load side B phase ground connection still exists causes, in addition, due to A, C phase electric capacity, after the tripping operation of TV P cock, its voltage still exists.The B phase voltage
It is the A phase voltage
The C phase voltage
The result of dividing potential drop, phasor graph is seen Fig. 5, equation expression is as follows,
Equally, according to fault oscillograph as can be known, open-delta L phase transient voltage 44V, the time that transient state process is kept: 950ms.
4, the charged divide-shut brake dynamic test of disconnector
In order to confirm the possibility of TV secondary neutral N630, the short circuit of neutral point N640 instant earthing, whether have superpotential phenomenon occur, carried out 204-1, the test of 204-2 disconnecting link opening and closing if detecting simultaneously record ripple secondary neutral N630, neutral point N640, and measuring point is as follows.
Voltage measurement, first group: A phase voltage A630, B phase voltage B600, c phase voltage C630, neutral point voltage N630, residual voltage L630 are over the ground; Second group: A phase voltage A640, B phase voltage B600, c phase voltage C640, neutral point voltage N640, residual voltage L640 are over the ground.
Current measurement, first group: B phase current B601; Second group: B phase current B601 '.
(1) earth point is in charged deciliter test of position isolating switch and the inspection of record ripple on the spot
Earth point is with regard to position during to the test of 204-1,204-2 disconnecting link opening and closing, and the terminal box place has the blue look arc light of discharge to occur, simultaneously, and dynamic indicator such as following table that the record ripple detects:
Above data have been described the density and the time that continues of disturbing pulse roughly.Record ripple figure is seen Fig. 6,7,8.
(2) charged deciliter of disconnector and the inspection of secondary switch trip situation before and after earth point moves
A, the disconnection 1TV protection test of switch F311 ground connection
Disconnect the ground connection of 1TV protection with switch F311,1TV is measured with switch F411B phase ground connection, the test of operation 204-1 disconnecting link opening and closing, switch F311 does not jump, switch F411 tripping operation;
B, increase 1TV measure the test with switch F411B phase earth point
Keep the ground connection of 1TV protection with switch F311,1TV is measured with switch F411B phase ground connection the test of operation 204-1 disconnecting link opening and closing, switch F311 tripping operation, switch F411 tripping operation.
C, phase earth point are away from the test of booster stations
100m central station of floating dock is in addition transferred to by switch gear room in the position of earth point, and schematic diagram is seen Fig. 3.Carry out correlation test, switch TV no longer trips.
(3) increase neutral point to the test after TV secondary grounding copper bar
Increase neutral point to the test findings after TV secondary grounding copper bar, TV secondary switch still moves.
(4) experimental safe measure
During for fear of test, the misoperation of protection, take following measures: withdraw from line backup protection before above-mentioned test; Withdraw from the generator protection relevant to voltage; Withdraw from the transformer protection relevant to voltage.
Three, the analysis of causes
, according to test findings, carry out following analysis.
1, TV secondary side three-phase voltage is normal
Under Test condition, TV secondary side three-phase voltage is normal, and secondary neutral N630, neutral point N640 do not have the superpotential phenomenon to occur; Equally, there is not power frequency instantaneous short circuit fault in the TV secondary side.
In principle, there are the possibility of instant earthing short circuit in TV secondary side neutral point N630, neutral point N640, for example, TV secondary neutral voltage dependent resistor (VDR) (non-linear resistance) feature damage in parallel may cause neutral point N630, the short circuit of neutral point N640 instant earthing.But test findings shows, the TV secondary does not have grounding phenomenon and occurs, there is not the power frequency short-circuit current in the power frequency short trouble that because of problem with grounding, does not cause between neutral point N630, neutral point N640 and B phase B600.That is to say that TV secondary switch trip and short trouble are irrelevant.
2, high-frequency current acts on TV secondary switch trip
The superpotential formation of isolator operation is the key of case study with propagating.
In electric system, it is routine operation that disconnector suits unloaded bus, and the operation of disconnector is all higher than the probability of other operation or earth fault etc.During isolator operation, the contact translational speed is slower, and this microinching makes between contact and can produce many times and restrike when carrying out sub-switching operation, can produce prebreakdown many times when closing operation.Yet disconnector does not generally all have special arc-control device, and so once common operation just may produce the arc reignition of up to a hundred times.Therefore during in addition due to isolator operation, isolating switch all disconnects, and is isolated the circuit that switch cut-offs generally very short, and the catadioptric time of ripple is just very short, so the frequency that this superpotential occurs is very high, wave head is extremely steep.The fast transient process that causes due to the disconnector switching manipulation is all obvious especially than other situation.
Transient overvoltage conducts and two kinds of forms of radiation being coupled with of secondary device.The mode that in conduction coupling, transient overvoltage imports coupled secondary cable into by the stray capacitance of TV or TA inside and then enters secondary device is called capacitive coupling; Enter the screen layer of the secondary cable of ground connection by earth mat, and then the mode of sensing the heart yearn of secondary cable is called Resistive Coupling.Radiation coupling is that the electromagnetic field inducing that produces by metal shell is to secondary cable.Test shows when carrying out switch operation, have high frequency superpotential phenomenon to produce, namely above-mentioned undesired signal.
The high-frequency coupling voltage of a switch operation generation is absorbed by non-linear voltage dependent resistor (VDR), simultaneously, produced high-frequency current in relevant circuit, the loop stream mistake that this electric current forms by B phase TV secondary switch, ground wire and earth mat, TV secondary switch trip when its energy surpasses secondary switch trip amount.B phase ground connection keeps away Guan Zhanhou, and the impedance in high-frequency current loop increases, and electric current reduces, and the secondary switch no longer trips.
If work frequency is f, the high frequency frequency is nf, and the high-frequency resistance value is nZ.
3, the analysis of protection action behavior
The action of protection is relevant with voltage.The secondary P cock of TV protects the voltage that detects to be according to Fig. 3 after disconnecting as can be known:
Constant.
The distance protection acting characteristic equation of circuit:
In following formula, ZJ is that impedance is measured in distance protection; Z
AWith Z
BFor the distance protection setting impedance.
Acting characteristic on complex plane is with+Z
AWith-Z
B2 lines are the circle of diameter, see Fig. 9.
So the back-up protection acting characteristic,, just check point enters the active region of protection after loss of voltage, started can export tripping operation if protect.
The difference of TV second breakdown insurance and voltage dependent resistor (VDR): voltage dependent resistor (VDR) has residual voltage, keeps certain numerical value.
4, conclusion
(1) problem of the tripping operation of TV secondary switch and short trouble are irrelevant during switch operation;
(2) problem of TV secondary P cock tripping operation and ground connection during switch operation, earth mat are relevant;
(3) reason that produces of switching overvoltage is that arc reignition causes, and the transient state process of the index of consequent undesired signal and inductance/capacitance-be L/C circuit is relevant;
(4) #03 plays that standby to become the impact that produces after operation very important, works earth potential while being become after operation switch operation and raises higher than original;
(5) difference of TV second breakdown insurance and voltage dependent resistor (VDR): voltage dependent resistor (VDR) has residual voltage, keeps certain numerical value.
The several doubtful points that propose in phenomenon of the failure, can be answered by systems inspection and analysis, at this, no longer narrates.
Four, the precautionary measures
Advise that two buses have a power failure respectively, carry out the Correctness checking of circuit connection, the inspection of TV secondary ground connection situation, the superpotential that produces while avoiding again switch operation causes the switch misoperation of TV secondary and relevant protection misoperation.
1, TV secondary three-phase linked switch is replaced by split-phase switch
The switch that the TV secondary uses three-phase to separate, remove the shnt capacitor of A, C phase;
2, improve the action index of TV secondary switch
Improve the action index of TV secondary split-phase switch, make its quick-break action current be not less than 20pu;
3, increase the high-frequency resistance value
The TV secondary only keeps an earth point; And earth point is moved to net control office, the position of by mobile grounding, putting increases the high-frequency resistance value of TV secondary switch to bulk loop between B phase earth point, confirms that corresponding power frequency impedance is not less than 1.6 Ω; Perhaps through power frequency impedance, be not less than the telefault ground connection of 1.6 Ω;
If work frequency is f, the high frequency frequency is nf, and the high-frequency resistance value is n * 1.6 Ω;
4, the numerical value that suppresses high-frequency current
In conjunction with a upper measure, utilize the induction reactance of earth mat and plant area's cable to suppress high-frequency current, the Peak of current pulse that produces while detecting charged deciliter test of disconnecting link is not more than 30A;
5, correctly use shielded cable
With the screen layer reliable ground, be the shielding layer grounding of cable one end at present, should be according to the rules two-terminal-grounding; And, according to the requirement of anti-accident measures, correctly install and use grounding copper bar between TV secondary ground wire and grounded screen.
6, correctly use voltage dependent resistor (VDR)
Guarantee the correctness of voltage dependent resistor (VDR) parameter, confirm that the voltage of voltage dependent resistor (VDR) is 175V, and with the direct ground connection of end of voltage dependent resistor (VDR).
7, change the mode of TV secondary neutral ground connection
TV quadratic B phase ground connection is changed into the mode of neutral ground, the HF voltage that produces during switch operation like this just is unlikely to form very strong high-frequency current in TV secondary switch loop, and causes its misoperation.
Operation result shows, above measure has only been used front 5, and the switch operation of Huang Island power plant since 20 years disturbs with the switch mis-jumping problem and be solved.
Claims (1)
1. find operation and disturb the method that causes B phase ground connection TV secondary switch mis-jumping reason; it is characterized in that: bus TV secondary switch trip when carrying out a switch operation; the protection action; carry out the dynamic test of the charged divide-shut brake of disconnecting link and relevant envelope test under the condition of confirming TV quadratic B phase ground connection
The Peak of current pulse that produces while (1) detecting charged deciliter test of disconnecting link〉30A, the probable range that electric current occurs〉30 times/s,
The time that electric current continues〉500ms;
(2) whether detect the power frequency input impedance of secondary switch between over the ground less than 0.1 Ω;
Whether the quick-break electric current that (3) detects the secondary switch is less than 10pu, and pu is the perunit value of electric current;
(4) whether detect the trip time of secondary switch less than 100ms;
If the Peak of current pulse that produces during the disconnecting link opening and closing that detects test〉30A, the probable range of appearance〉30 times/s, the lasting time〉500ms; The power frequency input impedance of secondary switch between over the ground is less than 0.1 Ω; The quick-break electric current of secondary switch is less than 10pu; The trip time of secondary switch is less than 100ms; and these 4 conditions exist simultaneously; just can determine to cause the reason of secondary switch motion to be: the high-frequency coupling voltage of a switch operation generation has produced the high frequency By Impulsive Current in the loop by B phase TV secondary switch, ground wire and earth mat formation; the impulse density of this electric current has met secondary switch motion condition with the time that continues; cause its tripping operation, and then make the protection misoperation.
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