CN103551981A - Polishing-grinding integrated wheel containing fiber ropes, abrasive and foaming agent - Google Patents
Polishing-grinding integrated wheel containing fiber ropes, abrasive and foaming agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103551981A CN103551981A CN201310554375.8A CN201310554375A CN103551981A CN 103551981 A CN103551981 A CN 103551981A CN 201310554375 A CN201310554375 A CN 201310554375A CN 103551981 A CN103551981 A CN 103551981A
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- abrasive material
- rubbing down
- cordage
- wheel
- integrated wheel
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polishing-grinding integrated wheel containing fiber ropes, abrasive and foaming agent. A polishing-grinding disk is composed of the fiber ropes, wherein the fiber ropes and the abrasive are firmly combined together by binder, and the polishing-grinding disk contains holes produced by the foaming of the foaming agent. By regulating the proportion between the fibers, the abrasive and hollow microspheres, the polishing effect and grinding efficiency of the polishing-grinding integrated wheel can be controlled.
Description
Technical field
The rubbing down integrated wheel that the present invention relates to a kind of fibre-bearing rope, abrasive material and blowing agent, belongs to grinding tool field.
Background technology
The various rubbing down grinding tools of current making mainly contain three large classes and have following defect: 1. resin wheel---due to close structure, weak heat-dissipating, oil pressure moulding, dense structure.General resin bond wheel (bonded abrasive tool) is mainly to be formed through mixing, compression molding, heat hardening by abrasive material, resin adhesive, and the use of this class emery wheel exists such as defects such as the heating of the large cutting force of needs, workpiece are serious.Pore in porous grinding wheel (bonded abrasive tool) be generally in cure process by fill can be at the temperature higher than more than 130 degree the filler (as walnut shell, refined naphthalene etc.) of burn off (being carbonization) burn and form.Thereby but natural fiber also can lose efficacy under this operating mode in carbonization.
2. fiber crops wheel---polishing efficiency is low, as (which floor sisal hemp is sewed together, and only has end face to participate in grinding).Chinese patent CN1238254A discloses a kind of sisal fiber polishing wheel, discloses its preparation method to be: adopt needing machine that sisal hemp short fibre is made to felted stock, then by layer 2-4 sisal hemp felted stock through superimposed, be stitched into a kind of sisal fiber polishing wheel.There is following shortcoming in the sisal fiber polishing wheel prepared by this kind of method: one, because used sisal fiber length only has 4-12cm, thereby polishing wheel in use sisal fiber easily come off, shortened the service life of polishing wheel; Two, because of the restriction of needling density, can not guarantee can to combine closely in any position of polishing wheel, thereby also can affect the result of use of polishing wheel.
3. nylon wheel---abrasive material utilization rate is not high, thereby because the low heating of TG of nylon can cause softening causing, abrasive material hold is declined, so that abrasive material does not fully participate in grinding, does not just come off and causes waste; Also likely because feeling like jelly, pollute grinding workpiece surface simultaneously.
Chinese patent CN200410029879.9 has disclosed a kind of manufacture method of sisal fiber polishing wheel, and it is after the sisal fiber prescinding, synthetic resin and optional other plant and inorganic compound are evenly mixed, are dried, hot-forming.The polishing wheel that this method is produced is owing to being mold pressing but thering is no that material with holes so that total are very fine and close does not have space, thereby easily causes emery wheel surface temperature rising bonding agent inefficacy surface blackening in whole grinding process, the waste of raw material breaking releasing; Thereby grinding workpiece also can cause greatly the concentrated grinding workpiece surface of also likely polluting of stress by surface temperature rise simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the object of the present invention is to provide the rubbing down integrated wheel of a kind of fibre-bearing rope, abrasive material and blowing agent.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: the rubbing down integrated wheel of a kind of fibre-bearing rope, abrasive material and blowing agent, and its polish-grinding plate is comprised of cordage, and wherein said cordage combines securely by binding agent and abrasive material,
In described polish-grinding plate, comprise the hole being produced by blowing agent foaming.
Cordage in the present invention comprises conventional meaning line, the elongated thing that can be tortuous arbitrarily made from silk, cotton, fiber crops, glass fibre: silk thread.Cotton thread.Coil.Wire rod.Cotton rope.Also the rope that comprises conventional meaning, generally has the kinds such as plastic ties, the rope made of hemp, nylon rope, cotton cord.Along with industrial fast development, rope is turned round to knit by before several strands and is become two strands or two strands and turn round and be woven in together above, and material can be used, the fibers such as fiber crops, palm fibre, polypropylene fiber silk, dacron thread, cotton yarn, nylon yarn, glass fiber.
Cordage in the present invention can be common commercially available cordage, can be also that the mortar that adds abrasive material or contain abrasive material, makes the cordage that internal fiber contains abrasive material in the process of preparation cordage.
In the present invention, described abrasive material refers to sharp keen, hard, in order to the material of the softer material surface of grinding.Described abrasive material can be natural abrasive, includes but not limited to natural emery, Naxas emery, garnet and natural diamond etc.; Also can be artificial abrasive material, include but not limited to brown corundum abrasive, white fused alumina abrasive material, single alundum abrasive material, black silicon carbide grain, green silicon carbide abrasive material, cubic silicon carbide abrasive material, cerium silicon carbide abrasive material, boron carbide, diamond and cubic boron nitride etc., and the recovery sand of vitrified abrasive, resin wheel etc. etc.
In the present invention, the fiber of described cordage can be natural fiber, and nature fiber original or that directly obtain on the plant of cultivation, on the animal of artificial feeding, includes but not limited to string, animal origin, mineral fibres.
In concrete example of the present invention, described natural fiber is selected from seed fiber, as cotton, kapok etc.; Or leaf fibre, as sisal hemp, abaca etc.; Also or fasciated fiber, as ramie, flax, hemp, jute etc.In another example of the present invention,
Described natural fiber is selected from hair and silk, such as sheep's wool, goats hair, camel hair, the rabbit hair, yak hair or mulberry silk, tussah silk etc.Natural fiber described in the present invention can also be the recycled fiber of those Mian ﹑ Ma ﹑ Mao ﹑ silks.In the present invention, the fiber of described cordage can also be artificial fiber, includes but not limited to nylon fiber, glass fibre.
In the present invention, described blowing agent is sodium acid carbonate.Addition is the 0.01%-5% of abrasive material quality.Can be 1.1%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% etc.
In the present invention, binding agent can be phenolic resins, urea aldehyde, melamine resin, epoxy resin or inorganic binder etc., also can be phenolic resin modified, the phenolic aldehyde that comprises the modifications such as urea aldehyde, melamine resin, epoxy, acrylic acid, consumption of binder is raw material total mass ratio 20～50%.
Rubbing down integrated wheel of the present invention prepares by the following method: first cordage, abrasive material, blowing agent and binding agent are mixed, inject mold cavity, through compacting and after solidifying, obtain product.
Rubbing down integrated wheel of the present invention can also be first cordage to be implanted to abrasive material, blowing agent, makes sand rope, then sand rope is wrapped on mould by the route making, and then puts into die cavity, pressed sizing.
Between natural fiber rope of the present invention and abrasive material, mixed proportion can regulate according to actual needs, change the mixed proportion of cordage (volume ratio 1%-99%) and abrasive material (volume ratio 99%-1%), can obtain different rubbing down effects: abrasive material content is just bound to reduce same wheel cordage content is many, and at this moment polishing effect is good; Few and the abrasive material content of cordage content is just bound to increase, and at this moment grinding efficiency is high.Adopt the benefit of cordage to be, the cordage blackout of can not feeling like jelly in the process of grinding; Cordage can strengthen structural strength as reinforcement again simultaneously.
In example of the present invention, the volume ratio of cordage is 80-99%, and the volume ratio of abrasive material is 1-20%, and now rubbing down integrated wheel focuses on polishing effect.Within the scope of this, the volume ratio of cordage can be 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% etc., and the volume ratio of abrasive material can be 1%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%.
In another instantiation of the present invention, the volume ratio of cordage is 50-80%, and the volume ratio of abrasive material is 20-50%, and now rubbing down integrated wheel is taken into account polishing and ground effect, within the scope of this, the volume ratio of cordage can be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80%; The volume ratio of abrasive material can be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% or 50%.
In another instantiation of the present invention, the volume ratio of cordage is 20-50%, and the volume ratio of abrasive material is 50-80%, and now rubbing down integrated wheel is taken into account polishing and ground effect.Within the scope of this, the volume ratio of abrasive material can be 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or 80%; The volume ratio of cordage can be 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% or 50%.
In example of the present invention, the volume ratio of cordage is 1-20%, and the volume ratio of abrasive material is 80-99%, and now rubbing down integrated wheel focuses on ground effect.Within the scope of this, the volume ratio of abrasive material can be 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% etc., and the volume ratio of cordage can be 1%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%.
The surface grooves that the favourable part of the present invention is to utilize the stereochemical structure of cordage itself to form is more conducive to grinding, moves back bits and heat radiation, simultaneously for new provides condition from sharp crazing development.Thereby the circular configuration of cordage itself allows again and between each root rope, is bound to form certain hole in forming process and forms being conducive to grinding, moving back the structure of bits and heat radiation of end face.In the present invention, can also in cordage, add abrasive material or sisal hemp crude fibre, not only increase rubbing down effect but also reduce costs.
In addition, after allowing abscess break, form tough mouthful of the grinding that varies in size and distribute at diverse location in grinding, also be that heat dissipation channel is conducive to reduce wheel itself and grinding workpiece surface temperature simultaneously, thereby improve the service life of wheel, improve the utilization rate of material and reduce grinding workpiece surface is caused stress to concentrate possibility by carburizing.Add in mass ratio effect that blowing agent brings and be the amount of adding larger, grinding and polishing efficiency is higher, and the temperature rise on grinding workpiece and emery wheel surface is fewer.
Rubbing down integrated wheel of the present invention can adopt two kinds of typical surface structures: plane rubbing down wheel and circumference Burnishing wheel.As described in Fig. 1 or 2.Fig. 3 illustrates the microstructure of rubbing down integrated wheel.Binding agent combines cordage, abrasive material securely.Blowing agent foaming is inner and generation hole, surface in cordage.Fig. 4 is the another kind of form microstructure schematic diagram of rubbing down integrated wheel.While making plane rubbing down wheel, be simultaneously stained with and carry on the back lid, while making circumference rubbing down wheel, without the back of the body, cover.In the present invention, back of the body lid can be glass lid, sisal hemp etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is plane rubbing down integrated wheel schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is circumference rubbing down integrated wheel schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the microstructure schematic diagram of grinding and polishing integrated wheel of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the microstructure schematic diagram of another kind of grinding and polishing integrated wheel of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the shaping mould that is heating and curing of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is plane rubbing down integrating three-dimensional figure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the honorable schematic diagram of plane rubbing down one of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the relation of embodiment 1 face grinding wheel sample 1-3 cordage and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
Fig. 9 is the relation of embodiment 1 face grinding wheel sample 1-3 cordage and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and exemplar surface roughness.
Figure 10 is the relation of embodiment 1 circumference emery wheel sample 1-3 cordage and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
Figure 11 is the relation of embodiment 1 circumference emery wheel sample 1-3 cordage and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and exemplar surface roughness.
Figure 12 is the relation of embodiment 2 face grinding wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent additions and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
Figure 13 is the relation of embodiment 2 face grinding wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent additions and exemplar surface roughness.
Figure 14 is the relation of embodiment 2 circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent additions and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
Figure 15 is the relation of embodiment 2 circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent additions and exemplar surface roughness.
Figure 16 is the relation that embodiment 2 circumference emery wheel sample 7-9 blowing agent additions meet or exceed critical value and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
Figure 17 is the relation that embodiment 2 circumference emery wheel sample 7-9 blowing agent additions meet or exceed critical value and exemplar surface roughness.
Figure 18 is the process chart of embodiment 1.
Figure 19 is the another kind of technological process of embodiment 1.
Figure 20 is the rubbing down integrated wheel schematic diagram that sand rope Wound Dies of the present invention is made.
Figure 21 is the another kind of schematic diagram of rubbing down integrated wheel that sand rope Wound Dies of the present invention is made.
In figure, 1 for back of the body lid, 2 be polish-grinding plate, 3 for foam hole, 4 for cordage, 5 binding agents, blowing agent and hole, 6 abrasive materials, 7 for cordage, abrasive material, blowing agent and binder mixtures, 8 for metal mold cavity mould, 9 for fiber sand rope, 10 for ring flange (skeleton), 11 be binding agent.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1(explores cordage and the relation of abrasive material mixed volume ratio with rubbing down effect).
Formula 1:
The explanation of sample production method:
1, sample production
1.1 process route
1.1.1 the processing of sisal fiber rope: the sisal fiber rope of this enforcement can be common commercially available sisal fiber rope, also can be in preparing the process of sisal fiber rope, the mortar that adds abrasive material or contain abrasive material, makes the sisal fiber rope that internal fiber contains abrasive material.
1.1.2 sand rope is made: the sisal fiber rope 1) 1.1.1 being obtained, through conventional roller coat, the mortar that blade coating contains abrasive material, makes sand rope; Or
2) on the sisal fiber rope of handling well roller coating one circle primer (primer is < mass fraction >: the liquid liquid phenolic resin 65% of modification, filler: 35%, glue solid content: 75-77%, glue amount is: 0.7-0.8g on every gram of sisal fiber rope); After roller coating primer, the mode of planting sand with gravity abrasive material rolled be implanted on sisal fiber rope (be coated with sisal fiber rope after primer in abrasive flows, roll through, until surrounding is planted abrasive material uniformly on sisal fiber rope, amount of abrasive is controlled at: 3-4g on every gram of sisal fiber rope); Then at 80 ± 2 ℃, toast 60min; Then with the multiple glue of air pressure spray gun spraying: (multiple glue is < mass fraction >: the liquid liquid phenolic resin 75% of modification, and filler: 24%, blowing agent 1%.Glue amount is: 0.2-0.3g on every gram of sisal fiber rope); Then at 70 ± 2 ℃, toast 30min, make sand rope.
1.1.3 sand rope 1.1.2 being made is wrapped on mould by the route making, and then puts into die cavity, and pressed sizing is toasted (face grinding wheel solidifies 4h, and circumference emery wheel solidifies 6h) after 4-6h at 120 ℃, come out of the stove after being slowly down to room temperature, and mould unloading.
1.3 tests are made style and are: the face grinding wheel of plane rubbing down: overall diameter is 4 inches (101.6-103mm), and internal diameter is 55mm, and aperture is 16mm, thickness 6-8mm);
The circumference emery wheel of circumference rubbing down: overall diameter is that 10.6 inches of (270mm) apertures are 32mm, thickness 30mm);
Detect and test data contrast:
1, method of testing explanation: this grinding detects material and is: the face grinding wheel of plane rubbing down: 45# steel plate (the thick * 10mm of the wide 100mm* of long 200mm*); The circumference emery wheel of circumference rubbing down: 45# rod iron (long 200mm* diameter * 50mm), (grinding material, rubbing down wheel bear pressure, and rotational line speed (face grinding wheel: 60m/s, circumference emery wheel: 40m/s) all identical under identical grinding condition respectively.
2, each index calculating method explanation:
2.1 grinding efficiencies: refer to that the worn amount of material is divided by the grinding time, the g/min of unit.
2.2 grinding ratios: the worn amount of material of exemplar and the ratio of rubbing down foot wheel abrasion amount.
2.3 surface roughnesses: refer to less spacing and small peak valley unevenness that finished surface has, the um of unit.Surface roughness is less, and surface is more smooth.With two-tube light-section microscope, measure.
Total grinding testing time is 30min, and every 10min is one section, and minute three sections of collection data, ask arithmetic mean of instantaneous value.
3, Data Collection
3.1 use formulas 1, process route < mono->, do face grinding wheel (sample 1, sample 2, sample 3) for plane rubbing down with conventional with grain 60#(common corundum) 4 inches of face wheels contrast:
Note: sisal fiber rope (section) with abrasive material volume ratio is: sample 1:10% sample 2:20% sample 3:30%.
Table 1
As shown in Figure 8, the relation of face grinding wheel sample 1-3 fiber and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and exemplar surface roughness as shown in Figure 9 for the relation of face grinding wheel sample 1-3 fiber and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency.
3.2 use formulas 1, process route < mono-> do circumference emery wheel (sample 1, sample 2, sample 3) for circumference rubbing down with conventional with grain 60#(common corundum) 10.6 inches of thousand pages of wheels contrast:
Table 2
The relation of circumference emery wheel sample 1-3 fiber and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in figure 10; The relation of circumference emery wheel sample 1-3 fiber and the variation of abrasive material volume ratio and exemplar surface roughness as shown in figure 11.
Embodiment 2-(exploring blowing agent addition and the relation of abrasive material mixed volume ratio with rubbing down effect)
Formula: 2
Style fabrication processing, method and sample detection method are referring to embodiment 1
3.3 use formulas 2, process route < mono-> do face wheel (sample 4, sample 5, sample 6) for plane rubbing down with conventional with grain 60#(common corundum) 4 inches of face wheels contrast:
Note: blowing agent mass ratio (with abrasive material comparison) is: sample 4:1.1% sample 5:2% sample 6:3%.
Table 3
The relation of face grinding wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in figure 12; The relation of face grinding wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition and exemplar surface roughness as shown in figure 13.
3.4 use formulas 2, process route < mono-> do circumference emery wheel (sample 4, sample 5, sample 6) for circumference rubbing down with conventional with grain 60#(common corundum) 10.6 inches of thousand pages of wheels contrast.
Table 4
The relation of circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in figure 14; The relation of circumference emery wheel sample 4-6 blowing agent addition and exemplar surface roughness as shown in figure 15.
3.5 rise to blowing agent mass ratio: sample 7:4% sample 8:6% sample 9:8%, when (in the constant situation of amount of binding agent) exploration blowing agent addition ratio meets or exceeds critical value, the rubbing down effect of wheel, the circumference emery wheel of peripheral grinding is made sample 7,8,9 in this test, carrys out test comparison.
Table 5
The relation that circumference emery wheel sample 7-9 blowing agent addition meets or exceeds critical value and grinding ratio, grinding efficiency as shown in figure 16; The relation that circumference emery wheel sample 7-9 blowing agent addition meets or exceeds critical value and exemplar surface roughness as shown in figure 17.
3.6 use formulas 2, process route < bis-> do the circumference emery wheel (sample 10) for circumference rubbing down.
Table 6
3.7 face grinding wheel styles 6, circumference emery wheel sample 6 and same specification nylon wheel, the contrast of sisal hemp wheel grinding index.
Table < 7 > plane polishing/rubbing downs
Table < 8 > circumference polishing/rubbing downs
Test brief summary:
1, by embodiment 1 (filling a prescription 1) sample testing data analysis, obtain:
In same wheel, along with fiber and abrasive material volume ratio become large, the polishing performance of wheel improves, otherwise grinding performance improves;
Can regulate by abrasive species and meet the different requirements of material to the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance that are ground from grain number simultaneously.
2, by embodiment 2 (filling a prescription 2) sample testing data analysis, obtain:
In same wheel, in the certain situation of amount of abrasive, along with blowing agent mass ratio improves, the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance is improved and (but notes: according to 3.5 test datas, find, when blowing agent addition reaches critical value or surpasses critical value, grinding performance is by step-down, and the consumption of blowing agent will and be ground material according to the kind of selected blowing agent, specification the requirement of the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance is considered); Can regulate by abrasive species and meet the different requirements of material to the polishing performance of wheel, grinding performance that are ground from grain number simultaneously.
3, by process route 2 and circumference emery wheel (sample 10) test, find: the method is the advantage of bonded abrasive tool and coated mould to be concentrated in together to (participate in the abrading block of grinding or intensity and the toughness that particle has bonded abrasive tool, whole wheel has again the characteristic of the elasticity grinding of coated mould).
4, by embodiment 1, 2 sample testing data are comprehensively analyzed with grain number (common corundum) wheel test data and 3.6 test datas with conventional: the face wheel of the plane rubbing down of making by the method, the circumference emery wheel of circumference rubbing down, at polishing performance, on grinding performance, all improve 20%-30%, by adjusting sisal fiber, with abrasive material mixed volume ratio, foaming agent consumption and by abrasive species with grain number (and by the abrasive material in wheel tissue, bonding agent, fiber, blowing agent is transferred to suitable ratio), all can meet difference and be ground the polishing performance of material to wheel, the requirement of grinding performance.
Claims (10)
1. a rubbing down integrated wheel for fibre-bearing rope, abrasive material and blowing agent, its polish-grinding plate is comprised of cordage, and wherein said cordage combines securely by binding agent and abrasive material, comprises the hole being produced by blowing agent foaming in described polish-grinding plate.
2. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 1, wherein said abrasive material is selected from the recovery sand of natural emery, Naxas emery, garnet, natural diamond, brown corundum abrasive, white fused alumina abrasive material, single alundum abrasive material, black silicon carbide grain, green silicon carbide abrasive material, cubic silicon carbide abrasive material, cerium silicon carbide abrasive material, boron carbide, diamond, cubic boron nitride or vitrified abrasive, resin wheel.
3. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 1, the fiber of described cordage is natural fiber or staple fibre.
4. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 3, described natural fiber is selected from the recycled fiber of cotton, kapok, sisal hemp, abaca, ramie, flax, hemp, jute, sheep's wool, goats hair, camel hair, the rabbit hair, yak hair, mulberry silk, tussah silk Huo Mian ﹑ Ma ﹑ Mao ﹑ silk.
5. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 3, described staple fibre is nylon fiber or glass fibre.
6. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 1, described blowing agent is sodium acid carbonate; The addition of described blowing agent is the 0.01%-5% of abrasive material quality.
7. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 1, the volume ratio of wherein said cordage and abrasive material is cordage 1-99%, abrasive material 1-99%.
8. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 7, the volume ratio of wherein said cordage and abrasive material is cordage 80-99%, abrasive material 1-20%; Or cordage 50-80%, abrasive material 20-50%; Or cordage 20-50%, abrasive material 50-80%; Or cordage 1-20%, abrasive material 80-99%.
9. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 1, described rubbing down integrated wheel comprises plane rubbing down integrated wheel and circumference rubbing down integrated wheel.
10. rubbing down integrated wheel as claimed in claim 9, described plane rubbing down integrated wheel also comprises that the back of the body that is bonded in polish-grinding plate one side by binding agent covers.
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| CN103551981B (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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