CN103586192B - A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) - Google Patents

A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103586192B
CN103586192B CN201310552225.3A CN201310552225A CN103586192B CN 103586192 B CN103586192 B CN 103586192B CN 201310552225 A CN201310552225 A CN 201310552225A CN 103586192 B CN103586192 B CN 103586192B
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China
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giant magnetostrictive
plant
processing unit
ultrasonic elliptical
elliptical vibratory
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CN201310552225.3A
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CN103586192A (en
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孙容磊
柏伟
高远
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), adopt giant magnetostrictive material as driving element, two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers adopt parallel arrangement, and the unidirectional water-cooling system of large area is set often organizing transducer inside, flexible hinge is adopted to connect at vibration output, there is the advantages such as power output is large, load force is strong, energy conversion efficiency is high, bandwidth, compact conformation are reasonable, all kinds of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing operating mode can be widely used in.

Description

A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant)
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), particularly a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), belongs to Machining Technology field.
Background technology
Vibration secondary process is a kind of New Processing occurred the 1950's, effectively can improve crudy, thus be subject to extensive concern.Early stage vibration secondary process technology mostly is low frequency one dimension vibration secondary process, the vibration namely in cutting direction.The nineties in 20th century, Japanese scholars proposes elliptical vibration technology first, and its form is the stretching vibration of the piezoelectric ceramic piece by two groups of vertical distribution, makes ultrasonic transformer produce flexural vibrations, and at two ends synthesis elliptical vibration track.Compared with the cutting of routine, elliptical vibration cutting can effectively reduce cutting force, improves machining accuracy, and extend cutter life, the generation for tool surface attachment and surface spikes has good inhibitory action, is applicable to the Precision Machining of hard brittle material.But two excitation vibration sources of existing elliptical vibration processing unit (plant) are vertical distribution, and make whole vibrational system complex structure, volume is comparatively large, is not easy to installation and use on machinery processing apparatus.
For solving this technical problem, BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and Institutes Of Technology Of He'nan propose a kind of single excitation longitudinal bending compound elliptical vibration cutting systems respectively, vibrational system by the extensional vibration singly encouraged and have certain angle, the degree of depth, quantity the ultrasonic transformer of skewed slot form, skewed slot can change to mode of vibration, ultrasonic transformer is subject to longitudinally and bending two kinds of vibrations, thus produces elliptical vibration at instrument place.But, the defect of this single excitation longitudinal bending compound elliptical vibration processing device also clearly: one is split angle of bevel, the degree of depth and quantity to have higher optimization requirement, and difficulty of processing is large, and controllability is poor; Two is larger adverse effects of the generation of design to complex vibration of fluting, makes the assisted machining effect that device is difficult to reach desirable.
Jia Tuli university of Taegu of Korea S proposes another kind of technical solution, adopt the structure be arranged in parallel by two piezoelectricity vibration sources, both overcome double excitation vibration source and be arranged vertically the defect that apparatus structure is complicated, volume is excessive caused, overcome again the defects such as single fluting difficulty of processing encouraging vibration source to indulge curved compound elliptical vibrating device is large, controllability is poor, vibrocutting effect is influenced, achieve good technique effect.
But, still there are clear and definite shortcomings and deficiencies in technique scheme: one is that the performance of piezoelectric own determines that the output amplitude of this device is less, underpower, the performance requirement of lathe dynamic cutting cannot be met, thus only can be applied to V groove etc. and impact little operating mode processing, large for ask for something power output, that load force is strong, energy conversion efficiency is high processing operating mode then can not adapt to.Two is that the heating of piezoelectric vibrator is obvious, adopts air cooling mode not reach desirable radiating effect.Due to magnetostrictive transducer be always in high strength, high-frequency works in magnetic field, magnetic hystersis loss, eddy-current loss and coil resistance loss are serious, the heat produced is very large, on the other hand, magnetostriction materials to external world temperature itself are more responsive, once arrive Curie temperature, it activates, and performance is just basic to be lost, thus cooling is the developing important technological problems of magnetostrictive transducer, is also to limit the technical bottleneck of magnetostrictive transducer to high-power, practical development in prior art.Three be the vibration synthesize structure of traditional double excitation vibration source for being rigidly connected, and are rigidly connected and there is poor sensitivity, lack the problems such as micrometric displacement enlarging function, and the factors such as machinery cooperations, friction inevitably reduce the precision of displacement synthesis and transmission.
Summary of the invention
The power output that the ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) that the present invention is intended to solve prior art exists is little, energy conversion efficiency is low, air cooling radiating effect is poor, the rigid connection poor sensitivity that traditional double vibration source exports, lack the shortcomings and deficiencies such as displacement equations function, there is provided a kind of giant magnetostrictive material that adopts as the double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) of drives structure, dual cavity Parallel Symmetric is adopted to arrange two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers, and unidirectional water-cooling system is set in dual cavity, flexible hinge is adopted to connect at vibration output, there is power output large, load force is strong, energy conversion efficiency is high, bandwidth, the advantages such as compact conformation is reasonable, be widely used in all kinds of ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing operating mode.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), comprise front cutter, vibration generating unit and rear handle of a knife, it is characterized in that: described vibration generating unit comprises two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers be arranged in parallel, described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing comprises the giant magnetostrictive rod be made up of giant magnetostrictive material.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), described vibration generating unit also comprise upper and lower opening outer sleeve, the inner chamber of described outer sleeve is divided into two identical chambers by vertical baffle, described two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers are separately positioned in two chambers, described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing comprises the bias magnetic field generator set gradually from outer shroud to inner ring, magnet exciting coil, support set, giant magnetostrictive rod, described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing also comprises the upper yoke being positioned at top and the lower yoke being positioned at bottom, described upper yoke, lower yoke is formed magnet exciting coil together with bias magnetic field generator, support set, the building enclosure of giant magnetostrictive rod also forms closed magnetic loop, described lower yoke is fixedly connected with rear handle of a knife, described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing also comprises the take-off lever being positioned at yoke top, described take-off lever is by pre-tightening apparatus and upper yoke squeeze flow.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), described pre-tightening apparatus comprises the disc spring, liner and the pre-load nut that are socketed in successively from the bottom to top on take-off lever, the external screw thread of described pre-load nut screws mutually with the internal thread of outer sleeve inwall, makes take-off lever and upper yoke squeeze flow after described pre-load nut screws.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), described bias magnetic field generator is permanent magnet or the coil passing into bias current.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), described support set is made up of nylon material.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), described vibration generating unit also comprises cooling device, described cooling device includes the mouth of a river, two waterwaies, and delivery port, described water inlet and delivery port are symmetrically located at the upper portion side wall of outer sleeve respectively, describedly often organize the waterway being respectively equipped with ring-type between the support set of giant magnetostrictive transducer and giant magnetostrictive rod, the described upper yoke often organizing giant magnetostrictive transducer is respectively equipped with L shape, the upper intercommunicating pore be connected with waterway, described two upper intercommunicating pores respectively with water inlet, delivery port is connected, the described lower yoke often organizing giant magnetostrictive transducer is respectively equipped with L shape, the lower intercommunicating pore be connected with waterway, the vertical baffle bottom of described outer sleeve is provided with connected chamber, described two lower intercommunicating pores are connected by connected chamber.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), described front cutter comprises flexible hinge, blade and cutter head, described flexible hinge forms " people " character form structure by mobile jib and two-arm, described mobile jib is fixedly connected with cutter head, described two-arm is fixedly connected with the take-off lever of two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers respectively, and the junction of described mobile jib and two-arm is provided with monolateral or bilateral arc incision.
Compared with prior art, Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
1. the present invention adopts giant magnetostrictive material to make giant magnetostrictive transducer, compared with the transducer adopting piezoelectric, has the remarkable advantages such as magnetostrictive strain is large, power output is high, fast response time, load capacity are strong with prior art.
2. large area is set in giant magnetostrictive transducer inside, goes along with sb. to guard him formula water-cooling system, work calories can be taken away rapidly, keep the operating temperature that transducer is inner lower.
3. the output of double excitation vibration source adopts flexible hinge to be connected with cutter head, be convenient to two groups of parallel vibrating displacement couplings and amplify, compared with being rigidly connected of prior art, have highly sensitive, transmit the advantages such as displacement is large, mechanical friction, gapless, can meet system to work under resonance and disresonance condition, working band is wide.
4. the symmetrical parallel layout of dual cavity, can effectively reduce device volume, and conveniently install and be clamped on lathe cutter saddle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) of the present invention.
Wherein: cutter before 100-, 101-flexible hinge, 102-blade, 103-cutter head, 200-vibrates generating unit, 201-bias magnetic field generator, 202-magnet exciting coil, 203-support set, 204-waterway, 205-giant magnetostrictive rod, 206-water inlet, the upper yoke of 207-, 208-disc spring, 209-pre-load nut, 210-take-off lever, 211-liner, 212-delivery port, 213-outer sleeve, 214-connected chamber, 215-lower yoke, the upper intercommunicating pore of 216-, intercommunicating pore under 217-, handle of a knife after 300-.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, comprise front cutter 100, vibration generating unit 200 and rear handle of a knife 300, vibration generating unit 200 comprises two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers be arranged in parallel, and often organizes giant magnetostrictive transducer and comprises the giant magnetostrictive rod 205 be made up of giant magnetostrictive material.The present invention adopts giant magnetostrictive material to make giant magnetostrictive transducer, compared with the transducer adopting piezoelectric, has the remarkable advantages such as magnetostrictive strain is large, power output is high, fast response time, load capacity are strong with prior art.
See Fig. 2, the structural representation of a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention.Vibration generating unit 200 comprises the outer sleeve 213 of the rectangle of upper and lower opening, and its inner chamber is divided into two identical chambers by vertical baffle, and two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers are separately positioned in two chambers.Often organize giant magnetostrictive transducer and comprise the bias magnetic field generator 201 from outer shroud to inner ring, magnet exciting coil 202, support set 203, the giant magnetostrictive rod 205 that set gradually from.The top often organizing giant magnetostrictive transducer is provided with yoke 207, bottom is provided with lower yoke 215, upper yoke 207, lower yoke 215 are formed the building enclosure of magnet exciting coil 202, support set 203, giant magnetostrictive rod 205 and form closed magnetic loop together with bias magnetic field generator 201, can prevent magnetic leakage well.The top of each upper yoke 207 is provided with take-off lever 210, and take-off lever 210 is by pre-tightening apparatus and upper yoke 207 squeeze flow, and lower yoke 215 is fixedly connected with rear handle of a knife 300, thus makes front cutter 100, vibration generating unit 200 and rear handle of a knife 300 connect into entirety.Lower yoke 215 is generally with bolts with the connection of rear handle of a knife 300.
Double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, the pre-tightening apparatus often organizing giant magnetostrictive transducer can comprise the disc spring 208 be socketed in successively from the bottom to top on take-off lever 210, liner 211 and pre-load nut 209, the external screw thread of pre-load nut 209 screws mutually with the internal thread of outer sleeve 213, rotate pre-load nut 209 and can make take-off lever 210 and upper yoke 207 squeeze flow, and extrude giant magnetostrictive rod 205 further and apply suitable pretightning force, ensure that it normally works.
Double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, bias magnetic field generator 201 provides bias magnetic field for giant magnetostrictive rod 205, avoids occurring frequency multiplication phenomenon, guarantees that giant magnetostrictive rod is in linear zone work.Bias magnetic field generator 201 can be permanent magnet or the coil passing into bias current, preferred permanent magnet, because the volume of permanent magnet is little, compact conformation.
Double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, support set 203 is made up of nylon material.Nylon material has good thermal insulation and supportive, stops the transmission of work calories to the giant magnetostrictive rod of core of magnet exciting coil, and can support magnet exciting coil well.
Double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, vibration generating unit 200 also comprises cooling device, includes 206, two, mouth of a river waterway 204 and delivery port 212.Wherein, water inlet 206 and delivery port 212 are symmetrically located at the upper portion side wall of outer sleeve 213 respectively.Often organize the waterway 204 being respectively equipped with ring-type between the support set 203 of giant magnetostrictive transducer and giant magnetostrictive rod 205; The upper yoke 207 often organizing transducer is respectively equipped with L shape, the upper intercommunicating pore 216 of upper intercommunicating pore 216, two that is connected with waterway 204 is connected with water inlet 206, delivery port 212 respectively; Often organize the lower intercommunicating pore 217 that the lower yoke 215 of transducer is respectively equipped with L shape, is connected with waterway 204, the vertical baffle bottom of outer sleeve 213 is provided with connected chamber 214, and two lower intercommunicating pores 217 are connected by connected chamber 214.Thus define the water-cooling channel of water inlet 206, two waterwaies 204, delivery port 212, the current passing into suitable pressure can form unidirectional hydrologic cycle cooling system.Double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, the annular gap between support set 203 and giant magnetostrictive rod 205 is utilized to form water-cooled cavity, water coolers is trapped among giant magnetostrictive rod 205 all sidewalls, the heat that giant magnetostrictive rod 205 produces can be taken away rapidly, and take away the heat of magnet exciting coil 202 generation simultaneously, keep the temperature that transducer is inner lower, giant magnetostrictive rod is normally worked.The water cooling plant that double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention adopts, film-cooled heat is large, good cooling results, and the ingenious structure interval that utilizes is as cooling cavities, and structure is simple, with low cost.
Double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention, front cutter 100 comprises flexible hinge 101, blade 102 and cutter head 103.Flexible hinge 101 forms " people " character form structure by mobile jib and two-arm, mobile jib is fixedly connected with cutter head 103, two-arm is fixedly connected with the take-off lever 210 of two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers respectively, and the junction of two-arm and mobile jib is provided with monolateral or bilateral arc incision.The output of vibration source adopts flexible hinge to be connected with cutter head, be convenient to two groups of parallel vibrating displacement couplings and amplify, compared with being rigidly connected of prior art, have highly sensitive, transmit the advantages such as displacement is large, mechanical friction, gapless, can meet system to work under resonance and disresonance condition, working band is wide.
Installation and the operating process of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) provided by the invention are as follows:
1, handle of a knife 301 is bolted with outer sleeve 213 connects;
2, install respectively and often organize giant magnetostrictive transducer, lower yoke 215 is put into outer sleeve 213, and alignd waterway 204 and connected chamber 214 respectively in the two ends of lower intercommunicating pore 217; Bias magnetic field generator 201, magnet exciting coil 202, support set 203, giant magnetostrictive rod 205 is put into by outer shroud successively to inner ring in each chamber of outer sleeve 213; Put again into yoke 207, and alignd waterway 204, water inlet 206 or delivery port 212 respectively in the two ends of intercommunicating pore 216; Put into take-off lever 210, disc spring 208, liner 211 again, and screw on pre-load nut 209;
3, the two-arm of the flexible hinge 101 of front cutter 100 is welded with two take-off levers 210 respectively;
4, handle of a knife 301 is clamped on knife rest, completes installation;
5, external water cooling system driving is opened, inject the current of suitable pressure to water inlet, start water cooling plant;
6, input alternating voltage to make to produce alternating current in magnet exciting coil 202, and then produce alternating magnetic field therein, giant magnetostrictive rod 205 alternation under magnetostrictive effect is stretched, produces vibration, and by flexible hinge at cutter head synthesis elliptical vibration track.When needing, elliptical vibration track can also be regulated by regulating the amplitude of two pumping signals, frequency and phase place.

Claims (6)

1. a double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant), comprise front cutter (100), vibration generating unit (200) and rear handle of a knife (300), it is characterized in that: described vibration generating unit (200) comprises two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers be arranged in parallel, described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing comprises the giant magnetostrictive rod (205) be made up of giant magnetostrictive material, described vibration generating unit (200) also comprises the outer sleeve (213) of upper and lower opening, the inner chamber of described outer sleeve is divided into two identical chambers by vertical baffle, described two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers are separately positioned in two chambers, described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing comprises the bias magnetic field generator (201) set gradually from outer shroud to inner ring, magnet exciting coil (202), support set (203), giant magnetostrictive rod (205), described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing also comprises the upper yoke (207) being positioned at top and the lower yoke (215) being positioned at bottom, described upper yoke (207), lower yoke (215) and bias magnetic field generator (201) are formed magnet exciting coil (202) together, support set (203), the building enclosure of giant magnetostrictive rod (205) also forms closed magnetic loop, described lower yoke (215) is fixedly connected with rear handle of a knife (300), described giant magnetostrictive transducer of often organizing also comprises the take-off lever (210) being positioned at yoke (207) top, described take-off lever (210) is by pre-tightening apparatus and upper yoke (207) squeeze flow.
2. a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pre-tightening apparatus comprises the disc spring (208) be socketed in successively from the bottom to top on take-off lever (210), liner (211) and pre-load nut (209), the external screw thread of described pre-load nut (209) screws mutually with the internal thread of outer sleeve inwall, makes take-off lever (210) and upper yoke (207) squeeze flow after described pre-load nut (209) screws.
3. a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the coil that described bias magnetic field generator (201) is permanent magnet or input bias current.
4. a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described support set (203) is made up of nylon material.
5. a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vibration generating unit (200) also comprises cooling device, described cooling device includes the mouth of a river (206), two waterwaies (204) and delivery port (212), described water inlet (206) and delivery port (212) are symmetrically located at the upper portion side wall of outer sleeve (213) respectively, describedly often organize the waterway (204) being respectively equipped with ring-type between the support set (203) of giant magnetostrictive transducer and giant magnetostrictive rod (205), the described upper yoke (207) often organizing giant magnetostrictive transducer is respectively equipped with L shape, the upper intercommunicating pore (216) be connected with waterway (204), described two upper intercommunicating pores (216) also respectively with water inlet (206), delivery port (212) is connected, the described lower yoke (215) often organizing giant magnetostrictive transducer is respectively equipped with L shape, the lower intercommunicating pore (217) be connected with waterway (204), the vertical baffle bottom of described outer sleeve (213) is provided with connected chamber (214), described two lower intercommunicating pores (217) are connected by connected chamber (214).
6. a kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described front cutter (100) comprises flexible hinge (101), blade (102) and cutter head (103), described flexible hinge (101) forms " people " character form structure by mobile jib and two-arm, described mobile jib is fixedly connected with cutter head (103), described two-arm is fixedly connected with the take-off lever (210) of two groups of giant magnetostrictive transducers respectively, and the junction of described mobile jib and two-arm is provided with monolateral or bilateral arc incision.
CN201310552225.3A 2013-11-08 2013-11-08 A kind of double excitation ultrasonic elliptical vibratory processing unit (plant) Expired - Fee Related CN103586192B (en)

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