CN103643080A - High-strength, high-ductility and high-conductivity copper-nickel-silicon alloy bar and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength, high-ductility and high-conductivity copper-nickel-silicon alloy bar and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength, high-ductility and high-conductivity copper-nickel-silicon alloy bar and a production method thereof. The high-strength, high-ductility and high-conductivity copper-nickel-silicon alloy bar comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.6 to 2.4% of nickel, 0.4 to 0.6% of silicon, not greater than 0.1% of ferrum, not greater than 0.1% of manganese, not greater than 0.2% of zinc, and the balance of copper. The high-strength, high-ductility and high-conductivity copper-nickel-silicon alloy bar is simple and convenient in process, high in yield, relatively high in strength value, ductility value and electrical property value as well as high strength, ductility and conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Corson alloy bar and production method.
Background technology
Copper nickel Si system alloy is the class application copper alloy of high strength, medium conductivity more widely, is widely used at present large-scale integrated circuit lead frame, and Highspeed Catenary part, conductive electrode and mould are with fields such as copper alloys.
From the angle of high strength and high conductivity, the consumption of the copper alloy of precipitation strength type in recent years rolls up, and has progressively replaced solution strengthening type copper alloy, because the electrical property of this class copper alloy cannot meet the demands.By carrying out timeliness thermal treatment to closing sosoloid through the satiety of solution treatment, can make fine precipitate disperse distribute, alloy obtains efficient hardening, and meanwhile, the solid solution element in copper reduces, and electroconductibility improves.Therefore by this thermal treatment process, can make alloy have the over-all properties of high strength, high conductivity concurrently.
In precipitation strength type copper alloy, Cu-Ni-Si series copper alloy is the representative copper alloy that has high intensity, electroconductibility, stress relaxation characteristics and bendability concurrently, in copper matrix by making fine Ni
2si intermetallic compound is separated out, with reinforced metal, and less on the conductivity impact of copper.
Cu-Ni-Si is associated gold nickel and silicon in fusion-casting process and at high temperature forms compound N i
2si, Ni
2si is at high temperature dissolved in copper in a large number, and when temperature declines, solubleness reduces, almost nil under room temperature.Ni
2in Si compound, the weight ratio of nickel and silicon is approximately 4:1, when proportioning is suitable, can all form compound, in heat treatment process subsequently, can be all with form disperse educt from sosoloid of compound, improve intensity and the hardness of material, the electrical property of the second phase particles alloy of disperse educt impact is simultaneously less, thereby makes alloy when having higher intensity, still has higher conductivity values.But the unnecessary nickel of failing to form compound in fusion-casting process can reduce the electrical property of material, therefore for avoiding residual unnecessary nickel must make the weight ratio of nickel and silicon be less than 4.Through a large amount of production practice, the weight ratio of Ni and Si is controlled at 3.7～4, can obtain the highest conductivity.
The complete processing of existing copper and copper alloy bar, master operation is founding, heating, extruding, stretching, thermal treatment.Develop rapidly in recent years and ripe horizontal continuous-casting process application in the production of copper alloy, there is significant yield rate high, easy and simple to handle, can realize the advantage of continuous batch production, just progressively replace the production method of semicontinuous vertical casting.
Owing to containing high-melting point alloy element silicon in Corson alloy, melt viscosity increases, copper liquid poor fluidity, casting temp can not be lower than 1250 ℃, but Corson alloy has the poor characteristic of heat conductivility, under higher casting temp because larger internal stress easily cracks ingot blank cracking after defect or casting.Adopt lower cooling intensity and less cast frequency, to guarantee enough setting times, it is to solve the poor effective ways of Corson alloy castability that the excellent base after solidifying is drawn with larger drawing length.
For the copper alloy that adopts quench aging technique adjustment precipitated phase form for need, water seal extruding is a kind of energy-efficient working method.Distortion and solid solution process are united two into one, make material inside organization fine and closely woven, distortion has simultaneously promoted the quick dissolving of second-phase.
Timeliness is the process that strengthening phase is separated out, and the final performance of timeliness effect and material depends on the process system of timeliness.The cold drawn bar stress cracking of copper nisiloy is the main Quality that high ferro exists with copper nisiloy bar, with the bar of the aging state supply of material, can well eliminate the unrelieved stress producing in the course of processing.
Chinese patent 2008-10-22 day (publication number: CN 101289716) disclosed a kind of nisiloy bell metal bar complete processing, bar complete processing wherein adopts: semicontinuous vertical casting, heating, extruding, stretching, annealing, pickling, stretching, clean annealing, finishing, be made into Corson alloy bar.Its tensile strength is only Rm >=240MPa, and vickers hardness hv is 100～150, unit elongation A >=20%, though unit elongation is higher, its intensity is lower, and exists technical process long, and cost is higher weak point also.
Chinese patent 2008-08-25 day (publication number: CN 101812612A) nisiloy copper alloy bar or section bar for the high-speed electric railway of disclosed a kind of CY state, adopt the technique that adds of founding, water seal extruding, stretching, clean annealing to make, its mechanical property is Rm >=380MPa, vickers hardness hv 80～150, unit elongation A >=10%, HB >=180.Its intensity, ductility are all lower.
In electrification railway contact net, for osculatory is hung and is suspended from air position accurately, carrier cable and other equipment are carried out to machinery and electrical connection reliably, need to there be a large amount of copper and copper alloy element, these parts and osculatory and carrier cable are identical material, be mainly and prevent galvanic corrosion, require material to have higher physical strength, preferably electroconductibility.At present, the registration clamp that China's electric railway is used, integral body is hung outstanding osculatory central anchor tie lines and Mid-point clamp for messenger wire all adopts CuNi
2si material.
The principal feature of this alloy is to have higher intensity, but it exists technical indicator and the general problem on the low side of electric conductivity that intensity does not reach same kind of products at abroad always, the domestic Catenary Fittings material of China is after quench aging, the intensity of material is generally at 550MPa, the service index 640MPa reaching with external material also has certain gap, this is relevant with the thermal treatment process of material on the one hand, simultaneously relevant with the microtexture of material.
Electrode metal is the critical material in resistance welding process, its effect is to provide electric current and pressure to welded part simultaneously, during welding, the electric current passing through on electrode is from hundreds thousand of amperes to tens thousand of amperes, pressure is from tens kilograms to several metric ton, and be when producing high temperature, to bear pressure at electric current, therefore, electrode materials must have good electroconductibility and higher hardness and intensity.Generally adopt at present high strength, the Cu-Cr-Be alloy of medium electric conductivity is as soldering stainless steel or heat-resisting steel sheet and plate electrode materials, and still its smelting of alloy and the use procedure containing beryllium threatens greatly HUMAN HEALTH.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple process, yield rate is high, has high-strength, the high ductility of higher intensity level, ductility value and electrical property value, Corson alloy bar and the production method of high conduction.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A Corson alloy bar for high-strength, high ductility, high conduction, is characterized in that: the component by following weight percent forms: nickel 1.6～2.4%, and silicon 0.4～0.6%, iron≤0.1%, manganese≤0.1%, zinc≤0.2%, surplus is copper.
In described copper, contain inevitable impurity component.
A production method for the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, high ductility, high conduction, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) horizontal casting: by ratio of components, copper, nickel are added in smelting furnace, and take the wooden carbon that a layer thickness is 150～200mm and cover, add silicon at copper nickel during in semi-molten state, all melt rear converter to holding furnace cast;
(2) water seal extruding: the ingot casting that horizontal casting is obtained is heated to 850～920 ℃, insulation, water seal is squeezed into excellent base;
(3) stretch: water seal extruded rod base is carried out to drawing deformation;
(4) timeliness thermal treatment: the bar of cold drawing deformation is carried out to timeliness thermal treatment.
Smelting furnace and holding furnace all adopt commercial frequency cored induction furnace; The extrusion ratio of water seal extruding is greater than 10; Tensile deformation amount is 30～50%.
The weight ratio of nickel and silicon is 3.7～4.0:1, and is controlled at as far as possible lower limit.
During step (1) cast, 1200～1250 ℃ of cast temperature, drawing length 8mm, 3.3～3.5 ms/h of casting speeds, cooling employing is the cooling and cooling mode combining of secondary once, and primary water is pressed 0.02～0.03MPa, and secondary cooling water is pressed as 60% of normal cooling intensity.Adopt lower cast temperature, the way of the water quench intensity that reduction ingot casting is subject to after leaving crystallizer and slower casting speed solves Corson alloy poor thermal conductivity, and ingot casting easily cracks the problem of defect.
The concrete steps of step (2) water seal extruding: with main frequency furnace, ingot casting is heated to 850～920 ℃ of the needed temperature of solution treatment and pushes, blank goes out in the water that nib enters low temperature, and water temperature is controlled at below 60 ℃, metal flow speed 4～10mm/s.
Step (4) timeliness thermal treatment adopts the horizontal bright annealing oven of electric heating strong convection to carry out, and the shielding gas of employing is 97%N
2and 3%H
2, aging temp is 450 ~ 550 ℃, soaking time is 180 ~ 350 minutes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
(1) this programme is selected comparatively advanced at present horizontal casting mode production of copper nisiloy ingot casting, adopts smelting furnace melting copper water, and converter to holding furnace is cast.This scheme is compared with vertical semi-continuous casting,, can realize continous way batch production, significantly have simple to operate, the feature that yield rate is high
(2) the present invention, by limiting composition and the ratio thereof of alloy, makes each composition comprehensive action, has significantly improved the over-all properties of copper nisiloy bar.
(3) adopt water seal extruding to replace numerous and diverse techniques such as hot extrusion in traditional mode of production mode (forge hot, hot rolling) cogging, second-heating, quenching, the cogging, the solution treatment two procedures that realize bar merge.Both reached best solid solution effect, and eliminated again the harm such as burning, pickling in production process, and realized whole production process environmental protection, the target of constant product quality, has saved the energy, has improved production efficiency.
(4) adopt the Corson alloy bar of the technical program processing and fabricating to be organized as aging state, thoroughly eliminated the unrelieved stress producing in the course of processing, intensity, ductility, electroconductibility performance are higher, in the process of following process part, do not need thermal treatment, be particularly suitable for making Highspeed Catenary part, conductive electrode and mould piece etc.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Processing and fabricating aging state φ 22mm circular bar, its technical process is as follows:
(1) horizontal casting φ 150mm circle ingot casting: by the batching mass percent difference weighing and burden of 1.9% nickel, 0.5% silicon, surplus is electrolytic copper.First copper and mickel is added in smelting furnace, and cover with the thick wooden carbon of 150 ~ 200mm, wooden carbon need once fill up, and adds silicon when in semi-molten state, all after fusing, send on-the-spot sample analysis sample, adjusts in stove composition to after qualified, and converter is to holding furnace cast.Pulling-casting process parameter is: 1200～1250 ℃ of cast temperature, drawing length 8mm, 3.3 ms/h of casting speeds.Cooling employing is the cooling and cooling mode combining of secondary once, and primary water is pressed 0.03MPa, and secondary cooling water is pressed as 60% of normal cooling intensity.
(2) heating, adopts induction heater that ingot casting is heated, and Heating temperature is 850 ℃, according to temperature measuring gauge displays temperature.
(3) extruding, adopts extrusion machine to carry out water seal to the ingot blank of heating and is squeezed into blank, and blank goes out in the water that nib enters low temperature immediately, and water temperature is controlled at below 50 ℃, metal flow speed 8mm/s, billet size φ 25mm, extrusion ratio 36.
(4) stretch, utilize chain type drawing machine by extrusion billet undergauge to φ 22mm
(5) cut aligning end to end.
(6) timeliness thermal treatment, adopts the horizontal bright annealing oven of electric heating strong convection to carry out, and shielding gas is 97%N
2and 3%H
2(mass percent), aging temp is 450 ℃, is incubated 210 minutes, is cooled to 30 ℃ in stove, comes out of the stove, and detects.
Product tensile strength Rm:650MPa, elongation after fracture A:12.5%, Brinell hardness HB:190, electric conductivity: 46.5%IACS.
Embodiment 2
Processing and fabricating aging state φ 18mm circular bar, its technical process is as follows:
(1) horizontal casting φ 150mm circle ingot casting: by the batching mass percent difference weighing and burden of 2% nickel, 0.55% silicon, surplus is electrolytic copper.First copper and mickel is added in smelting furnace and to cover with the thick wooden carbon of 150 ~ 200mm, wooden carbon need once fill up, and adds silicon when in semi-molten state, all after fusing, send on-the-spot sample analysis sample, adjusts in stove composition to after qualified, and converter is to holding furnace cast.Pulling-casting process parameter is: 1200～1250 ℃ of cast temperature, drawing length 8mm, 3.3 ms/h of casting speeds.Cooling employing is the cooling and cooling mode combining of secondary once, and primary water is pressed 0.03MPa, and secondary cooling water is pressed as 60% of normal cooling intensity.
(2) heating, adopts induction heater that ingot casting is heated, and Heating temperature is 900 ℃, according to temperature measuring gauge displays temperature.
(3) extruding, adopts extrusion machine to carry out water seal to the ingot blank of heating and is squeezed into blank, and blank goes out in the water that nib enters low temperature immediately, and water temperature is controlled at below 50 ℃, metal flow speed 8mm/s, billet size φ 25mm, extrusion ratio 36.
(4) stretch, utilize chain type drawing machine by extrusion billet undergauge to φ 18mm
(5) cut aligning end to end.
(6) timeliness thermal treatment, adopts the horizontal bright annealing oven of electric heating strong convection to carry out, and shielding gas is 97%N
2and 3%H
2(mass percent), aging temp is 450 ℃, is incubated 240 minutes, is cooled to 30 ℃ in stove, comes out of the stove, and detects.
Product tensile strength Rm:680MPa, elongation after fracture A:15%, Brinell hardness HB:190, electric conductivity: 47.5%IACS.
Embodiment 3
Processing and fabricating aging state φ 20mm circular bar, its technical process is as follows:
(1) horizontal casting φ 150mm circle ingot casting: by the batching mass percent difference weighing and burden of 2% nickel, 0.55% silicon, surplus is electrolytic copper.First copper and mickel is added in smelting furnace and to cover with the thick wooden carbon of 150 ~ 200mm, wooden carbon need once fill up, and adds silicon when in semi-molten state, all after fusing, send on-the-spot sample analysis sample, adjusts in stove composition to after qualified, and converter is to holding furnace cast.Pulling-casting process parameter is: 1200～1250 ℃ of cast temperature, drawing length 8mm, 3.3 ms/h of casting speeds.Cooling employing is the cooling and cooling mode combining of secondary once, and primary water is pressed 0.03MPa, and secondary cooling water is pressed as 60% of normal cooling intensity.
(2) heating, adopts induction heater that ingot casting is heated, and Heating temperature is 92 ℃, according to temperature measuring gauge displays temperature.
(3) extruding, adopts extrusion machine to carry out water seal to the ingot blank of heating and is squeezed into blank, and blank goes out in the water that nib enters low temperature immediately, and water temperature is controlled at below 50 ℃, metal flow speed 8mm/s, billet size φ 25mm, extrusion ratio 36.
(4) stretch, utilize chain type drawing machine by extrusion billet undergauge to φ 20mm;
(5) cut aligning end to end.
(6) timeliness thermal treatment, adopts the horizontal bright annealing oven of electric heating strong convection to carry out, and shielding gas is 97%N
2and 3%H
2(mass percent), aging temp is 450 ℃, is incubated 240 minutes, is cooled to 30 ℃ in stove, comes out of the stove, and detects.
Product tensile strength Rm:650MPa, elongation after fracture A:12.5%, Brinell hardness HB:190, electric conductivity: 46.5%IACS.
Embodiment 4:
During horizontal casting, when adding silicon, also add≤0.1% iron ,≤0.1% manganese ,≤0.2% zinc, all the other processing steps are with embodiment 1,2 or 3.
Claims (7)
1. the Corson alloy bar that high-strength, high ductility, height conduct electricity, is characterized in that: the component by following weight percent forms: nickel 1.6～2.4%, and silicon 0.4～0.6%, iron≤0.1%, manganese≤0.1%, zinc≤0.2%, surplus is copper.
2. a production method for the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, high ductility, high conduction, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) horizontal casting: by ratio of components, copper, nickel are added in smelting furnace, and take the wooden carbon that a layer thickness is 150～200mm and cover, add silicon at copper nickel during in semi-molten state, all melt rear converter to holding furnace cast;
(2) water seal extruding: the ingot casting that horizontal casting is obtained is heated to 850～920 ℃, insulation, water seal is squeezed into excellent base;
(3) stretch: water seal extruded rod base is carried out to drawing deformation;
(4) timeliness thermal treatment: the bar of cold drawing deformation is carried out to timeliness thermal treatment.
3. the production method of the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, high ductility according to claim 2, high conduction, is characterized in that: smelting furnace and holding furnace all adopt commercial frequency cored induction furnace; The extrusion ratio of water seal extruding is greater than 10; Tensile deformation amount is 30～50%.
4. according to the production method of the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, the high ductility described in claim 2 or 3, high conduction, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of nickel and silicon is 3.7～4.0:1.
5. according to the production method of the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, the high ductility described in claim 2 or 3, high conduction, it is characterized in that: during step (1) cast, 1200～1250 ℃ of cast temperature, drawing length 8mm, 3.3～3.5 ms/h of casting speeds, cooling employing is the cooling and cooling mode combining of secondary once, and primary water is pressed 0.02～0.03MPa, and secondary cooling water is pressed as 60% of normal cooling intensity.
6. according to the production method of the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, the high ductility described in claim 2 or 3, high conduction, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of step (2) water seal extruding: with main frequency furnace, ingot casting is heated to 850～920 ℃ of the needed temperature of solution treatment and pushes, blank goes out in the water that nib enters low temperature, water temperature is controlled at below 60 ℃, metal flow speed 4～10mm/s.
7. according to the production method of the Corson alloy bar of high-strength, the high ductility described in claim 2 or 3, high conduction, it is characterized in that: step (4) timeliness thermal treatment adopts the horizontal bright annealing oven of electric heating strong convection to carry out, and the shielding gas of employing is 97%N
2and 3%H
2, aging temp is 450 ~ 550 ℃, soaking time is 180 ~ 350 minutes.
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| CN105714133A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-29 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Preparation method for Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar |
| CN108220544A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-29 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of preparation method of railway power through track high conductivity copper conductor |
| CN108642419A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 太原晋西春雷铜业有限公司 | A kind of corson alloy band and preparation method thereof that bending is excellent |
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| CN114713650A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-08 | 江阴电工合金股份有限公司 | Production process and device of high-ductility and high-softening-resistance copper-chromium-zirconium contact line |
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| CN105714133A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-29 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Preparation method for Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg alloy bar |
| CN105714133B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-26 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of preparation method of Cu Cr Zr Mg alloy bar materials |
| CN108220544A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-06-29 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of preparation method of railway power through track high conductivity copper conductor |
| CN108642419A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-12 | 太原晋西春雷铜业有限公司 | A kind of corson alloy band and preparation method thereof that bending is excellent |
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Application publication date: 20140319 |