CN103645535B - A kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber - Google Patents
A kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN103645535B CN103645535B CN201310667064.2A CN201310667064A CN103645535B CN 103645535 B CN103645535 B CN 103645535B CN 201310667064 A CN201310667064 A CN 201310667064A CN 103645535 B CN103645535 B CN 103645535B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Hz optical fiber, comprise layered medium (1) and medium pipe (3), it is characterized in that, layered medium (1) is arranged in medium pipe (3) so that both direction is equally spaced respectively, and the layered medium of both direction (1) is formed centrally diamond crossing structure in medium pipe (3), the scope that described both direction intersects formed acute angle theta is: 40
o≤ θ≤70
o; Described diamond crossing structure and described medium pipe (3) form four airports (4); Layered medium (1) is fixed on medium pipe (3); Layered medium (1) and the air layer (2) of described diamond crossing structure division are fibre core, and the layered medium (1) beyond described orthohormbic structure, air layer (2) and medium pipe (3) and airport (4) are covering.Overall in total internal reflection structure.This optical fiber is applicable to THz wave transmission, has low-loss, the advantage of high birefringence rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber optic communication field, particularly relate to the optical fiber of transmission THz wave.
Background technology
Terahertz (Terahertz, THz) typically refers to the electromagnetic wave of frequency within the scope of 0. 1 ~ 10 THz, the microwave of its wave band in electromagnetic wave spectrum and infrared between.THz radiation in a lot of field, as communication, sensing, imaging, spectroscopy and medical science have the potentiality of application.In recent years, increasing seminar has both at home and abroad carried out the research of low-loss THz waveguide, and because material has very strong absorption to THz ripple, reducing material absorption loss is the emphasis that people study THz waveguide, existing optical fiber is designed with sub-wavelength optical fiber, porous optical fiber and hollow optic fibre etc.Its main thought is more distributed in air by core mode energy, thus effectively reduce material absorption loss.
Because high birefringence optical fiber has important application in the field such as optical signal detecting and process, increasing seminar has both at home and abroad carried out the research of low-loss high birefringence THz waveguide recently.Haibin Chen etc. proposes a kind of high birefringence THz porous optical fiber, in its fibre core and fibre core, airport shape is ellipse, therefore optical fiber has high birefringent characteristic, but the non-circular of airport brings difficulty [Haibin Chen to optical fiber preparation in this fibre core and fibre core, et al., " Squeezed lattice elliptical-hole terahertz fiber with high birefringence, " Applied Optics, 2009
48(20): 3943].Given this, document [Daru Chen, et al., " Highly birefringent terahertz fibers based on super-vell structure, " Journal of lightwave technology, 2010,
28(12): 1858] a kind of high birefringence THz porous optical fiber with hyperelement structure is newly proposed, the dumbbell shape be made up of circular airport or rhombic type structure unit are that optical fiber introduces high birefringence characteristic, and each airport is circle, is beneficial to fibre-optical drawing.Document [S. Atakaramians, et al., " THz porous fibers:design, fabrication and experimental characterization, " Opt. Express, 2009,
17(16): 14053] disclose a kind of high-birefringence holey optical fiber based on rectangular opening structure, its birefringence can reach 0.012.Document [Fu Xiaoxia etc., " for low-loss, the high birefringence optical fiber research of THz wave transmission, " Acta Physica Sinica, 2011,
60(7): 074222] its structure transformed and optimize, improve its birefringence characteristic.But the above high birefringence THz optical fiber proposed can be summed up as porous optical fiber, all with the air outside porous fibre core for covering, therefore its THz wave transfer characteristic is subject to the interference of fibre core external environment, inconvenience contact, wayward.Document [M. Cho, et al., " Highly birefringent terahertz polarization maintaining plastic photonic crystal fibers, " Opt. Express, 2008,
16(1): 7] propose the high birefringence Hz optical fiber that fibre core is made up of two real plugs, THz wave transfer characteristic is not subject to external interference, and its birefringence can reach 0.021.But fibre core guided modes mainly transmits in host material, its absorption loss cannot reduce.
Summary of the invention
For above deficiency, the invention provides and a kind ofly can realize low-loss, broadband and the high birefringence THz ripple microstructured optical fibers from external disturbance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber, comprise layered medium and medium pipe, layered medium is arranged in medium pipe so that both direction is equally spaced respectively, and the layered medium of both direction is formed centrally diamond crossing structure in medium pipe, the scope that described both direction intersects formed acute angle theta is: 40
o≤ θ≤70
o; Described diamond crossing structure and described medium pipe form four airports; Layered medium is fixed on medium pipe; The layered medium of described diamond crossing structure division and air layer are fibre core, and layered medium (1), air layer and medium pipe beyond described orthohormbic structure and airport are covering.
The layered medium arrangement cycle is Λ, and dielectric layer width is d, and medium pipe interior diameter is D, and thickness is D
1.
If the dielectric layer arrangement cycle is that Λ is constant, its width d reduces to reduce fibre core air fill factor, curve factor f
1, thus reach the object reducing material absorption loss, but width d is narrow can increase manufacture difficulty, also can reduce f simultaneously
1with f
2between difference, increase limitation loss, therefore require dielectric layer width d>=10 μm here.
For ensureing that fibre core basic mode is effectively limited in fibre core, require f
1with f
2ratio lower than 0.9.
For obtaining the optical fiber of low-loss high birefringence value, require 40
o≤ θ≤70
o.
Technique effect of the present invention is: fibre core air fill factor, curve factor can be expressed as f
1=(Λ-d)
2/ Λ
2, the air fill factor, curve factor of covering laminate areas of dielectric is f
2=(Λ-d)/Λ, f
1<f
2, fibre core guided modes can effectively be strapped in fibre core, and the transmission of change to THz ripple of optical fiber external environment does not have an impact, and is convenient to application in practice.Airport in fibre core and fibre core is parallelogram, and fibre core basic mode has high birefringence characteristic.In addition because fibre core is porous, core mode energy can more be distributed in airport, effectively reduces absorption loss, can realize the transmission of THz wavelength distance.Outer thicker medium pipe Absorbable organic halogens optical fiber structure, is convenient to optical fiber fabrication.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high birefringence optical fiber structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the change curve of birefringence with angle theta of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the change curve of absorption loss with angle theta of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the change curve of limitation loss with angle theta of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the change curve of birefringence with frequency of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the change curve of absorption loss with frequency of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the change curve of limitation loss with frequency of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the change curve of birefringence with periods lambda of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the change curve of absorption loss with periods lambda of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Figure 10 is the change curve of limitation loss with periods lambda of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Figure 11 is the x-polarisation mould electric field strength distribution plan of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Figure 12 is the y-polarisation mould electric field strength distribution plan of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 gives the cross sectional representation of porous optical fiber of the present invention, optical fiber comprises fibre core and covering, the alternately arrangement of the layered medium 1 of periodic distribution and air layer 2, arragement direction becomes θ/2 jiao with x-axis, to arrange in the position about x-axis symmetry identical structure, and form rock-steady structure by the medium pipe 3 in outside.Intersection is as the fibre core of optical fiber, and the medium pipe 3 in the layered medium 1 beyond intersection, air layer 2, outside and four large airports 4 are fibre cladding, overall in total internal reflection structure.Fibre core air fill factor, curve factor can be expressed as f
1=(Λ-d)
2/ Λ
2, the air fill factor, curve factor of covering laminate areas of dielectric is f
2=(Λ-d)/Λ, f
1<f
2, fibre core guided modes can effectively be strapped in fibre core.
Fill air in airport, refractive index is n
air=1.0, teflon elected as by the host material of optical fiber, its refractive index n=1.5, and material absorption loss elects 130dB/m as.
The absorption loss of basic mode is expressed as:
Wherein, Sz is the Poynting vector in z direction, and subscript x and total represents material area and overall area respectively.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, during teflon width=20 μm of stratiform, periods lambda=60 μm, tetrafluoroethene pipe interior diameter is D=1400 μm to the structure of porous doped core optical fiber, and tetrafluoroethene circular tube thickness is D
1=200 μm.
Fig. 2 gives the change curve of birefringence with angle theta, as can be seen from Figure, when θ is 90
otime, birefringence is 0, and along with diminishing of θ angle, birefringence starts to increase, when θ=30
otime, birefringence can reach 0.072, the reason of high birefringence is caused to be to increase with the x-polarisation mould energy ratio in the material that diminishes at θ angle and y-polarisation mould energy ratio in the material reduces, this characteristic also causes the increase of x-polarisation mould absorption loss and the reduction of y-polarisation mould absorption loss, as shown in Figure 3.Fig. 4 gives the change of limitation loss with angle theta of two polarization modes, and along with the reduction of θ, the limitation loss change of x-polarisation mould is little, and close to zero loss, the limitation loss of y-polarisation mould increases, even if but be 30 at θ
otime, the limitation loss of y-polarisation mould is just only 0.0000027dB/cm, and this value is much smaller than the magnitude of absorption loss, little on total losses impact.Two polarization modes can be effectively limited in fibre core.
Because x-polarisation mould absorption loss increases with the reduction of θ, for obtaining low-loss birefringence fiber, require θ>=40 here
o.Birefringence reduces along with the increase of θ, for obtaining the optical fiber with high birefringence, requires θ≤70 here
o.
Fixed angle θ=40
o, birefringence with frequency change as shown in Figure 5, within the scope of 0.5-1.6THz, birefringence remains on 10
-2magnitude.Fig. 6 illustrates the change of absorption loss with frequency, along with the increase of frequency, the absorption loss of two polarization modes all increases, this is the reason because the distribution in the material of fibre core basic mode energy increases gradually, at 1.6THz place, x-polarisation mould absorption loss is 0.74dB/cm, and y-polarisation mould absorption loss is 0.57dB/cm.Fig. 7 illustrates the change of limitation loss with frequency, for x-polarisation mould, its limitation loss is almost close to zero loss, and for y-polarisation mould, only be less than the place of 0.7THz in frequency, its limitation loss just can increase gradually, therefore within the scope of 0.7-1.6THz, THz ripple can in this optical fiber low-loss transmission, and there is high birefringence characteristic.
Fixed angle θ=40
o, frequency is that 1THz, Fig. 8 give the change curve of birefringence with arrangement periods lambda, and along with the increase of Λ, Birefringence numbers first increases, and declines gradually after increasing to maximal value, even if but in Λ=110 μm place, birefringence value still can reach 0.62.The teflon width d of stratiform is constant, and Λ increases, then present air fill factor, curve factor f
1increase, thus absorption loss can reduce.Fig. 9 gives the change curve of absorption loss with arrangement periods lambda, and along with the increase of Λ, the absorption loss of two polarization modes all decreases.Figure 10 gives the change curve of limitation loss with arrangement periods lambda, and for x-polarisation mould, its mould energy ratio is in the material relatively many, and therefore its limitation loss changes hardly, and limitation loss is far below absorption loss, little on total losses impact.For y-polarisation mould, along with the increase of arrangement periods lambda, its limitation loss increases gradually, and μm place in Λ=110, the limitation loss of y-polarisation mould is 0.00132dB/cm, still two orders of magnitude less of limitation loss.
Here for keeping fibre core basic mode to have low limitation loss, requiring Λ≤110 μm, in addition for ensureing that fibre core basic mode has low absorption loss, requiring Λ >=60 μm.
μm periods lambda=60 μm, teflon width=20 of stratiform, angle θ=40
owhen frequency is 1THz, the electric field strength distribution plan of x-polarisation mould and y-polarisation mould is respectively by shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, x-polarisation mould energy distribution proportion is in the material higher than y-polarisation mould as can be seen from Figure, therefore high birefraction can be obtained, x-polarisation mould and y-polarisation mould are effectively limited in fiber core and are transmitted simultaneously, and THz ripple transmits not by external environmental interference in a fiber, and this point is better than porous optical fiber.
Above-mentioned accompanying drawing is only explanatory view, does not form restriction to protection scope of the present invention.Should be understood that this embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way.
Claims (5)
1. a high birefringence Hz optical fiber, comprise layered medium (1) and medium pipe (3), it is characterized in that, layered medium (1) is arranged in medium pipe (3) so that both direction is equally spaced respectively, and the layered medium of both direction (1) is formed centrally diamond crossing structure in medium pipe (3), the scope that described both direction intersects formed acute angle theta is: 40 °≤θ≤70 °; Described diamond crossing structure and described medium pipe (3) form four airports (4); Layered medium (1) is fixed on medium pipe (3); Layered medium (1) and the air layer (2) of described diamond crossing structure division are fibre core, and the layered medium (1) beyond described diamond crossing structure, air layer (2) and medium pipe (3) and airport (4) are covering.
2. a kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: width d >=10 μm of described layered medium (1).
3. a kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: layered medium (1) arrangement periods lambda should be: 60 μm≤Λ≤110 μm.
4. a kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: require f
1/ f
2≤ 0.9, wherein, fibre core air fill factor, curve factor is f
1=(Λ-d)
2/ Λ
2, the air fill factor, curve factor of covering laminate areas of dielectric is f
2=(Λ-d)/Λ, f
1<f
2, the layered medium arrangement cycle is Λ, and layered medium layer width is d.
5. a kind of high birefringence Hz optical fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described layered medium in the two directions quantity is identical.
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| CN109143462B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2021-04-13 | 西安邮电大学 | High-birefringence dung beetle-shaped fiber core photonic crystal fiber |
| CN110361813A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-22 | 江西师范大学 | A kind of twin-core Hz optical fiber coupler |
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| JP2001290036A (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-19 | Canon Inc | Optical fiber, method for working it and method for connecting it |
| WO2004046777A1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-06-03 | Cactus Fiber Pty Ltd | Microstructured polymer signal guiding element |
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| CN102607609A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 天津理工大学 | Novel high-sensitivity photonic crystal fiber terahertz evanescent wave sensing device |
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| CN103048729A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz porous optical fiber |
| CN103105643A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-15 | 天津理工大学 | Twin-core photonic crystal fiber terahertz wave filter with adjustable voltage |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7409132B2 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-08-05 | National Taiwan University | Plastic waveguide for terahertz wave |
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Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001290036A (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-19 | Canon Inc | Optical fiber, method for working it and method for connecting it |
| WO2004046777A1 (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2004-06-03 | Cactus Fiber Pty Ltd | Microstructured polymer signal guiding element |
| CN102122022A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-07-13 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz optical fiber |
| CN102607609A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 天津理工大学 | Novel high-sensitivity photonic crystal fiber terahertz evanescent wave sensing device |
| CN102854562A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-01-02 | 天津理工大学 | High double-refraction photonic crystal fiber (PCF) |
| CN103048729A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏大学 | Terahertz porous optical fiber |
| CN103105643A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-15 | 天津理工大学 | Twin-core photonic crystal fiber terahertz wave filter with adjustable voltage |
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