CN103770393A - Window film - Google Patents
Window film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103770393A CN103770393A CN201410042012.0A CN201410042012A CN103770393A CN 103770393 A CN103770393 A CN 103770393A CN 201410042012 A CN201410042012 A CN 201410042012A CN 103770393 A CN103770393 A CN 103770393A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- metal layer
- fenestrated membrane
- conductive metal
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention discloses a window film which comprises a substrate, an anti-reflection structure positioned on one side of the substrate, and an optical double-face adhesive layer positioned on the other side of the substrate, wherein the anti-reflection structure comprises two resonant cavities; each resonant cavity comprises two dielectric layers positioned on the upper outer side and the lower outer side, a middle conductive metal layer and two anti-oxidization metal layers which are respectively clamped between the conductive metal layer and the two dielectric layers; the anti-oxidization metal layers are zinc or titanium. According to the window film, two five-layer structures are combined to form the two resonant cavities, so that excellent optical performance is realized; furthermore, a flexible base material can be selected; by a roll-to-roll magnetron sputtering, large-scale and large-area production is realized.
Description
Technical field
Fenestrated membrane of the present invention field, particularly relates to a kind of high-transparency fenestrated membrane, can be applicable on automobile front windshield.
Background technology
Automobile window films is a kind of functionalized polyester composite film material of multilayer, and it has the effect of original glass properties of change, comprise change plexiglass tint, adjust light transmission, trap heat radiation, prevent ultraviolet see through, explosion-proof etc.Fenestrated membrane be truly from last century within about 96 years, enter Chinese market, fenestrated membrane at that time has experienced coating, tea paper, deep layer dyeing, interlayer, thermal evaporation stage.Currently marketed automobile window films has developed into the magnetron sputtering stage.
Current fenestrated membrane product category is various, if mountain, Changzhou is by the thermal-insulation window film of Di Shan protective materials Manufacturing Co., Ltd invention design, be integrated by MULTILAYER COMPOSITE, comprise anti-scratching wearproof layer/flexible parent metal/heat insulation acrylate glue adhensive layer/obstruct ultraviolet photosphere/obstruct ultraviolet light acrylate glue adhensive layer/mould release membrance, its light transmittance can reach 71%(application number: 201110125866.1).And for example a kind of thermal insulation ceramics fenestrated membrane of Wuhan Yi Yang Science and Technology Ltd. design, it is to be formed by pressure sensitive adhesive, mould release membrance, ceramic membrane, thermoplastic polymer film MULTILAYER COMPOSITE, with low cost and visible light transmissivity is 75%(application number: 201220730172).The exterior window film of CP Film, Inc.'s design of the U.S., its structure is protectiveness hard conating/undercoating/polyester film/layer of metallized film/adhesive layer, but its transmitance maximum has reached 85%(application number: 200980102102.1).The designed high-performance transparent glass heat-insulating of Shanghai Huzheng Nano-Tech Co., Ltd. is used for high-performance fenestrated membrane, and first it prepare blue WO
x, ATO and ITO mix the transparent mixed slurry disperseing, then with the acquisition of transparent polyurethane mixed with resin agitation and filtration, visible light transmissivity has reached 75%(application number: 201110367312.2).A seminar of Shanghai Communications University has proposed dielectric layer/metal level/dielectric layer three-decker, it has outstanding permeability, but, because metal level is easy to oxidized, service life is not high, also has very large problem (number of patent application: 03116461.7) in actual production with in using.
The ubiquitous problem of fenestrated membrane product is in the market that visible light transmissivity is low, cause the visual field fuzzy, vehicle window lack of defination, mirror-reflection phenomenon is serious, complicated process of preparation, therefore find new material, a kind of high-permeability is prepared in design, technique is simple, cost is low novel fenestrated membrane is the main trend of current fenestrated membrane industry development.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new fenestrated membrane, this fenestrated membrane not only has good light transmission performance, and manufacture craft is simple, and cost is low.
A kind of fenestrated membrane proposing according to the present invention, comprise substrate, be positioned at the antireflection structure of substrate one side, be positioned at the optics layers of two-sided of substrate opposite side, described antireflection structure comprises two resonators, described each resonator comprise the two layer medium layer in upper and lower outside, middle conductive metal layer and be clipped in respectively conductive metal layer and two layer medium layer between two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer, wherein said anti-oxidant metal layer is zinc or titanium.
Preferably, in described single resonator, the total optical thickness of two layer medium layer is 1 optical unit, and the optical thickness of this two layer medium layer is take middle conductive metal layer as mirror image symmetry.
Preferably, the thickness of described conductive metal layer is less than 10nm, and the thickness of anti-oxidant metal layer is between 1-10nm, and this two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer is take middle conductive metal layer as mirror image symmetry.
Preferably, the refractive index of described two layer medium layer is greater than respectively 2.
Preferably, described conductive metal layer is gold or silver-colored.
Preferably, the material of described dielectric layer is TiO
x, NbO
x, ZrO
x, ZnO
x, CeO
x, TaO
x, one in ZnSe or ZnS.
Preferably, described substrate is flexible and transparent material.
Preferably, described protective layer is optical cement.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technical advantage:
1, the one side reflectivity of fenestrated membrane of the present invention in visible-range is lower than 5%, and reflectance curve is W type, has outstanding visible light anti-reflection performance.
2, fenestrated membrane of the present invention can be prepared by the method for winding magnetic control sputtering, can produce in a large number, makes large area industrialization become possibility.
3, by having added anti-oxidant metal layer, traditional sandwich structure nesa coating is optimized to design, oxidized to preventing conductive metal layer, improve and play important effect service life.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is 5 layers of antireflection structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the thickness of intermediate metal layer is from the reflectivity curve family of the optics antireflective film of 6-10nm variation.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fenestrated membrane of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the dual resonant cavity fenestrated membrane structural representation that the present invention designs
Fig. 5 limits the optical performance test curve map that concrete optical parametric obtains.
The specific embodiment
As described in the background art, existing automobile window films, ubiquitous problem is that visible light transmissivity is low, causes the visual field fuzzy, vehicle window lack of defination, mirror-reflection phenomenon is serious, because fenestrated membrane need to meet, wearability is good, the high requirement of light transmission simultaneously, and making film is inner complex structure, often needs mixed a variety of materials, cause complicated process of preparation, cost is high.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of novel high-transparency fenestrated membrane.This fenestrated membrane adopts the dual resonant cavity antireflection structure being formed by multilayer dielectricity and multiple layer metal interaction cascading, and film is that gross thickness is no more than 200 nanometers, is thinner than existing fenestrated membrane far away in automobile window films field.Because assembly of thin films antireflection structure of the present invention adopts stepped construction, coordinate flexible substrates, can use the one-shot forming of winding magnetic control sputtering technique, greatly reduce the complexity of manufacture craft, be applicable to extensive, large area production, thereby reduce production costs.Apply double faced adhesive tape by film covering method at base material another side again, easy to use.
Have at present compared with the multi-layer film structure of high-permeability and be generally this so-called sandwich structure of metal oxide/metal level/metal oxide, with regard to what embodied in the patent that is 03116461.7 as number of patent application, but, the main inferior position of this structure by: metal layer A g is easy to be oxidized by the oxygen atom in oxygen atom and external environment in metal oxide.In order to address this problem; the anti-oxidant metal layer that we select one deck and oxygen to be easier to react; this anti-oxidant metal layer is incorporated in sandwich structure; can make the oxygen atom in metal oxide react with this anti-oxidant metal layer; form fine and close oxide-film, the conductive metal layer of innermost layer is played to splendid protective effect.And the metallic bond forming is also for the adhesive force that improves metal oxide and anti-oxidant metal layer plays important effect.We select Zn and these two kinds of metals of Ti as anti-oxidant metal layer, and this is comparatively active due to Zn and Ti, is easy to oxidation and generates fine and close oxide-film; and the performance of oxide-film is highly stable; be difficult for oxidizedly, chemical property is also very stable, can effectively protect the metal A g layer of innermost layer.
The present invention is take traditional sucrose layer/metal level/dielectric layer sandwich structure as basis, by introducing one deck anti-oxidant metal layer, a kind of nesa coating of five layers of antireflection structure has been proposed, this antireflection structure is made up of dielectric layer-anti-oxidant metal layer-conductive metal layer-anti-oxidant metal layer-dielectric layer, again by 2 five layers of antireflection structure stacks, form dual resonant cavity fenestrated membrane structure, by it for automobile window films before shelves, compared with existing fenestrated membrane, it is high that the present invention has visible light transmissivity, is easy to the advantages such as large area industrialization production.
Refer to Fig. 1, what show is the schematic diagram of five layers of antireflection structure, this antireflection structure comprise the two layer medium layer 111 and 115 in upper and lower outside, middle conductive metal layer 113 and be clipped in respectively conductive metal layer and two layer medium layer between two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer 112 and 114.Wherein the thickness of conductive metal layer 113 is less than 10nm, and its material is considered electric property, is preferably gold or silver.Anti-oxidant metal layer 112 and 114 can " be caught " oxonium ion in dielectric layer 111 and 115 on the one hand, make dielectric layer be oxygen debt state, and then form so-called tunneling effect and improve electric conductivity, can prevent that conductive metal layer was lost efficacy by the oxidation of the external world and medium of oxides layer on the one hand, in the time that conductive metal layer occurs gap because thickness is too small, fill, thereby increase electric conductivity simultaneously.Its thickness, between 1-10nm, is preferably zinc or titanium.The impact of the thickness of considering deielectric-coating on light anti-reflection effect, the total optical thickness that we get two layer medium film 111 and 115 is 1 optical unit.In the present invention, in order effectively to reduce the general thickness of five-layer structure, we get refractive index and exceed 2 the high refractive index medium material material as this two layer medium layer 111 and 115.Such as TiO
x, NbO
x, ZrO
x, ZnO
x, CeO
x, TaO
x, ZnSe, ZnS etc.So, be the i.e. optical unit of λ/4(in the case of meeting the total optical thickness of two layer medium layer), the physical thickness of every layer of dielectric layer can be low as much as possible.With TiO
2for example, its refractive index n=2.32, in the time that incident light wavelength is 550nm, according to the known (refractive index that wherein n is dielectric layer in computing formula nd=λ/4 of optical thickness, d is the physical thickness of dielectric layer, and λ/4 are an optical unit), the thickness of single-layer medium layer is about 27nm, now the general thickness of this antireflection structure can be controlled at 70nm left and right, well below the thickness of existing other antireflective films.It is to be noted, for two layer medium layer 111,115 and two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer 112,114, can select respectively identical material, also can be different materials, but the optical thickness of two layer medium layer, and the physical thickness of two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer is all take middle conductive metal layer as mirror image symmetry.
Please again referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is that the thickness of middle conductive metal layer is from the reflectivity curve family of the optics antireflective film of 6-10nm variation, wherein curve 1 represents that the thickness of intermediate metal layer is 6nm, curve 2 represents that the thickness of intermediate metal layer is 7nm, curve 3 represents that the thickness of intermediate metal layer is 8nm, curve 4 represents that the thickness of intermediate metal layer is 9nm, and curve 5 represents that the thickness of intermediate metal layer is 10nm.As can be seen from the figure, in most cases, antireflection structure of the present invention all presents lower reflection characteristic at whole visible light wave range.Wherein, when the thickness of metal level is during at 6nm, effect is best, shows W type reflectance curve.
Following table is the thickness of different anti-oxidant metal layers for a change, the reflectivity of five layers of designed antireflection structure, and poach half an hour after adhesive force experimental result.Wherein table one is Metal Zn, and table two is metal Ti.Can find out, be between 1-10nm at the thickness of two kinds of anti-oxidant metal layers, and reflectivity below 4%, has outstanding reflection preventing ability always, and the halfhour weatherability test of poach adhesive force is good, has good weatherability.Estimable, than the antireflective film product on market, film structure is simple, and thickness very thin (only an optical thickness left and right), has very large industrialization advantage.
Table one. the optical property of the antireflection structure of different anti-oxidation metal layer thicknesses and weatherability test structure (Zn)
Table two. the optical property of the antireflection structure of different anti-oxidation metal layer thicknesses and weatherability test structure (Ti)
Below, then with concrete embodiment the structure of above-mentioned fenestrated membrane is described in detail.
Refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fenestrated membrane of the present invention.As shown in the figure, this fenestrated membrane comprises substrate 100, is positioned at the antireflection structure 110 of substrate 100 1 sides, is positioned at the optics layers of two-sided 120 of substrate opposite side.The polymeric materials such as wherein, substrate 100 is flexible clear materials, and its material is PET.The material of optics layers of two-sided 120 includes but not limited to OCA(Optically Clear Adhesive) etc.
Refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the stratiform schematic diagram of antireflection structure 110 in Fig. 3.As shown in the figure, this antireflection structure comprises two resonators 11 and 12, and each resonator comprises dielectric layer-anti-oxidant metal layer-conductive metal layer-anti-oxidant metal layer-dielectric layer five tunics.Concrete, dielectric layer H preferred index exceedes 2 high refractive index medium material, such as TiO
x, NbO
x, ZrO
x, ZnO
x, CeO
x, TaO
x, ZnSe, ZnS etc.Anti-oxidant metal layer M ', except playing index matching effect, can also greatly improve non-oxidizability, increases the service life of fenestrated membrane.The thickness of middle conductive metal film M is less than 10nm, and the thickness of anti-oxidant metal layer is between 1-10nm.In single resonator, the total optical thickness of all high refractive index medium layers is at least 1 optical unit.So, the physical thickness of whole fenestrated membrane can be controlled in 200nm, thereby makes fenestrated membrane thickness of the present invention have the thinner advantage of relatively existing other fenestrated membrane.
In addition, because the base material of the fenestrated membrane of inventing all adopts flexible material, its preparation method can be used winding magnetic control sputtering technique, the advantage of this technique be by just can be on substrate in disposable technique deposit multilayer film, thereby there is the advantage simple, with low cost of making, be also applicable to large area simultaneously, produce on a large scale.
Please, again referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is in the structure of Fig. 4, limits the optical performance test curve map that concrete optical parametric obtains.Wherein curve 1 is the transmission curve of this structure, and curve 2 is reflectivity curves of this structure.The design parameter of this model is that gross thickness is less than 200nm, and structure is PET/HM ' MM ' H/HM ' MM ' H/air, and wherein H represents high refractive index medium layer NbO
x, M ' is anti-oxidant metal layer Zn, M is conductive metal layer Ag.Can find out, at 400-760nm visible light wave range, reflectivity curve is W type and be not common V-type, and average transmittance is 89.4%, and average reflectance is 1.87%, shows that this novel fenestrated membrane has outstanding anti-reflective effect.
In sum, novel fenestrated membrane of the present invention, the sandwich structure that utilizes negative index interfacial structure to form, in the situation that general thickness is far smaller than existing optics antireflective film, realize excellent optical property, then by being combined into resonator, select flexible parent metal, utilize the method for volume to volume magnetron sputtering, realize extensive, large area production.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple modification of these embodiment, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to embodiment illustrated herein, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (8)
1. a fenestrated membrane, it is characterized in that: comprise substrate, be positioned at the antireflection structure of substrate one side, be positioned at the optics layers of two-sided of substrate opposite side, described antireflection structure comprises two resonators, described each resonator comprise the two layer medium layer in upper and lower outside, middle conductive metal layer and be clipped in respectively conductive metal layer and two layer medium layer between two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer, wherein said anti-oxidant metal layer is zinc or titanium.
2. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described single resonator, the total optical thickness of two layer medium layer is 1 optical unit, and the optical thickness of this two layer medium layer is take middle conductive metal layer as mirror image symmetry.
3. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described conductive metal layer is less than 10nm, and the thickness of anti-oxidant metal layer is between 1-10nm, and this two-layer anti-oxidant metal layer is take middle conductive metal layer as mirror image symmetry.
4. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the refractive index of described two layer medium layer is greater than respectively 2.
5. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described conductive metal layer is gold or silver-colored.
6. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described dielectric layer is TiO
x, NbO
x, ZrO
x, ZnO
x, CeO
x, TaO
x, one in ZnSe or ZnS.
7. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described substrate is flexible and transparent material.
8. fenestrated membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described protective layer is optical cement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410042012.0A CN103770393B (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | A kind of fenestrated membrane |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410042012.0A CN103770393B (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | A kind of fenestrated membrane |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103770393A true CN103770393A (en) | 2014-05-07 |
| CN103770393B CN103770393B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=50563372
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410042012.0A Active CN103770393B (en) | 2014-01-28 | 2014-01-28 | A kind of fenestrated membrane |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103770393B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104309195A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 朱玮 | Window film core functional layer and method for manufacturing window film core functional layer |
| CN104441817A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 合肥嘉伟装饰工程有限责任公司 | Self-cleaning surface flexible transparent solar film |
| CN106032065A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-10-19 | 鼎基化学工业股份有限公司 | Film adhering manufacturing method and film adhering manufacturing apparatus |
| CN107765490A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-06 | 怡通科技有限公司 | A kind of heat-insulated intelligent fenestrated membrane of flexible electrochromism and its preparation technology |
| CN109664583A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-23 | 信利光电股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle window film of insulating water-proof |
| CN111132849A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-05-08 | 惠普印迪格公司 | Formation of scraping structure |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105971A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-08-31 | Ppg工业公司 | The low radiation film of pyroprocess |
| US6322881B1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2001-11-27 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage | Glazing assembly comprising a substrate provided with a stack of thin layers for solar protection and/or thermal insulation |
-
2014
- 2014-01-28 CN CN201410042012.0A patent/CN103770393B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105971A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-08-31 | Ppg工业公司 | The low radiation film of pyroprocess |
| US6322881B1 (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2001-11-27 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage | Glazing assembly comprising a substrate provided with a stack of thin layers for solar protection and/or thermal insulation |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104309195A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 朱玮 | Window film core functional layer and method for manufacturing window film core functional layer |
| CN104441817A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 合肥嘉伟装饰工程有限责任公司 | Self-cleaning surface flexible transparent solar film |
| CN106032065A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-10-19 | 鼎基化学工业股份有限公司 | Film adhering manufacturing method and film adhering manufacturing apparatus |
| CN111132849A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-05-08 | 惠普印迪格公司 | Formation of scraping structure |
| CN111132849B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2021-11-26 | 惠普印迪格公司 | Scraping structure, generation method thereof, storage resource and system |
| US11878541B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2024-01-23 | Hp Indigo B.V. | Scratch-off structure production |
| CN107765490A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-06 | 怡通科技有限公司 | A kind of heat-insulated intelligent fenestrated membrane of flexible electrochromism and its preparation technology |
| CN109664583A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-23 | 信利光电股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle window film of insulating water-proof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103770393B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103770393A (en) | Window film | |
| JP4122010B2 (en) | Infrared light emitter / receiver | |
| JP5549216B2 (en) | Transparent conductive laminate, method for producing the same, and touch panel | |
| JP5878056B2 (en) | Hard coat substrate and transparent conductive film using the same | |
| JP5617276B2 (en) | Transparent conductive laminate and method for producing the same | |
| JP6346952B2 (en) | Optical film exhibiting improved light-to-solar gain heat ratio | |
| JP2007148330A (en) | Near infrared ray reflective substrate and near infrared ray reflective laminated glass using the same | |
| KR20130137131A (en) | Optical product and plastic eyeglass lens | |
| CN104290407A (en) | Double-sided transparent conductive film and touch panel | |
| JP4893097B2 (en) | Conductive laminate and protective plate for plasma display | |
| JP2008160115A (en) | Infrared light receiving/emitting member | |
| CN103744132A (en) | Anti-reflection structure and anti-reflection film | |
| CN104635970B (en) | A kind of electronic equipment, the production method of electronic equipment and device | |
| JP2009083183A (en) | Optical membrane laminate | |
| CN103744572A (en) | Touch screen | |
| WO2015000381A1 (en) | Display device, touch screen, and manufacturing method therefor | |
| EP3302963A1 (en) | Solar control film | |
| JP5098137B2 (en) | Antireflection film | |
| CN105398120A (en) | Disapparate permeability-improvement film, conductive film, conductive glass and touch screen | |
| CN102831962B (en) | A kind of medium conductive film, preparation method and electrochromic rearview | |
| JP4466457B2 (en) | Absorption-type multilayer ND filter and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP2007007982A (en) | Ag or ag alloy reflector electrode film with incremental reflection film and its production method | |
| JPH11142603A (en) | Antireflection film | |
| CN215678831U (en) | Infrared glass | |
| CN211005131U (en) | Colorless single-silver low-emissivity coated glass |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PP01 | Preservation of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20190121 Granted publication date: 20160928 |
|
| PP01 | Preservation of patent right | ||
| PD01 | Discharge of preservation of patent |
Date of cancellation: 20220121 Granted publication date: 20160928 |
|
| PD01 | Discharge of preservation of patent |