CN1045571C - 将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置和方法 - Google Patents

将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN1045571C
CN1045571C CN95107254A CN95107254A CN1045571C CN 1045571 C CN1045571 C CN 1045571C CN 95107254 A CN95107254 A CN 95107254A CN 95107254 A CN95107254 A CN 95107254A CN 1045571 C CN1045571 C CN 1045571C
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尤金·G·瑟库普
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    • B01F27/23—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis
    • B01F27/232—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/23—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis
    • B01F27/232—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes
    • B01F27/2324—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes planetary
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    • Y10S366/00—Agitating
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Abstract

一种供谷物仓用的将水分添加到颗粒物料中的方法和装置，装置具有一水平伸长支承件(16)、一伸长件外端的轨道结合装置(28)和其另一端的支承装置(34)、一伸长件连接且可使其绕水平轴旋转的第一动力装置(31)、一对装在伸长件(26)上可纵向移动的支承架(50)、旋转安装在支承架(50)上向下延伸的螺旋钻(52)、一使螺旋钻垂直转动的第二动力装置，以及靠近螺旋钻安装的流体喷嘴(46)和可对各动力装置控制的装置，因而螺旋钻可移动通过颗粒物料、喷嘴则随移动而向物料喷射流体。

Description

将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置和方法
本发明涉及一种将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置和方法。
在谷类具有大于15％的湿度(水分)时，大多数谷类不能加以贮存。虽然“干燥”谷物在这种减少含水程度下适用于动物饲料，但诸如稻谷那样的其它谷类在那种减少含水程度下则不好蒸煮。因此，必需把水分加到稻谷中，以便获得最佳的蒸煮条件。
再增水分稻谷(稻米)的通用设备和方法是十分昂贵的(例如45,000美元)并且不是十分精确的，难于操作且耗费相当多的操作时间和精力。
因此，本发明的主要目的是在于提供一种将水分添加到如谷类的颗粒物料的方法和装置，这种方法和装置制造和操作是经济的、使用中可完全自动化、其作用相当地快并且可由具有适当程度训练的普通人来操纵。
这些目的和其它目的对本领域的普通技术人员来说是显而易见的。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种供谷物仓用的将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置，谷物仓的上部具有一伸长的支承轨道机构，其中，所述装置包括一基本上水平的伸长支承件，一在所述伸长件外端上的轨道接合装置，一支承装置，该支承装置固定到所述伸长件的另一端并适于与所述谷物仓结构连接，以将所述伸长件的所述另一端相对于所述外端保持在一水平位置上，与所述伸长件连接的且用于使其绕水平轴旋转的第一动力装置，至少一对安装在所述伸长件上的、可用手纵向地移动的支承架，若干可转动地安装在支承架上的向下延伸的搅拌螺旋钻、可旋转地安装在所述支承架上且使所述搅拌螺旋钻绕垂直轴线转动的第二动力装置，若干安装在所述支承架上且靠近所述搅拌螺旋钻的流体喷嘴和与所述第一和第二动力装置连接的并且使伸长件旋转的控制装置，控制装置也与所述流体喷嘴连接，当所述搅拌螺旋钻正在通过所述颗粒物料移动的同时，使流体经喷嘴喷射在谷物仓内的颗粒物料中。
本发明还提供了另一种供谷物仓用的将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置，谷物仓的上部具有一伸长的支承轨道机构，其中，所述装置包括一基本上水平伸长的支承件，位于所述谷物仓件上部的装置以可移动地支承所述伸长件且使所述伸长件保持基本上水平位置，一与所述伸长件连接的且使其相对于所述谷物仓移动的第一动力装置，至少一对安装在所述伸长件上的、可用手纵向地移动的支承架、若干可转动地安装在支承架上的向下延伸的搅拌推进螺旋钻、可旋转地安装在所述支承架上且使所述搅拌螺旋钻绕垂直轴线转动的第二动力装置，若干安装在所述支承架上且靠近所述搅拌螺旋钻的流体喷嘴和与所述第一和第二动力装置连接的并且使伸长件旋转的控制装置，控制装置也与所述流体喷嘴连接以在所述搅拌螺旋钻正在通过所述颗粒物料移动同时使流体经喷嘴喷射在谷物仓内的颗粒物料上。
根据本发明的将水分添加到谷物仓下部的颗粒物料中的方法包括如下步骤：将颗粒物料放置在谷物仓的下部；使间隔布置的推进螺旋钻绕纵向轴线转动并使所述螺旋钻以同心轨迹移动通过所述的颗粒物料。然后将水分喷射在靠近所述螺旋钻的颗粒物料的上表面上。通过利用计算机，确定现有颗粒物料的湿度；接着在计算机中存储所需数量的颗粒物料的湿度；计算机再确定颗粒物料的数量，计算为达到所需湿度待添加的水量。当达到所需湿度级别时停止所述水分的喷射。
图1是一表示本发明装置的示意布置的部分垂直剖面视图；
图2是一安装在谷物仓上部的本发明装置的上俯视透视图；
图3是一本发明的搅拌和水分传送系统的比例放大的立面视图；
图4是一控制系统的各个部件的计算机的方框图。
谷物搅拌和通风设备在技术上是过时的并且在美国专利4,274,750、4,836,686和4,854,719中具有代表性地作了描述。
符号10表示一常规的谷物仓，它具有多孔地板12、垂直圆筒形侧壁14和一在谷物仓顶端带有谷物通道18的屋顶(仓顶)16。一安装在通道18内的常用谷物撒布器19。一圆形轨道20固定在侧壁14的内表面上且围绕谷物仓内的上部延伸。一常用刮扫式推进螺旋钻安装在多孔板12上部且一鼓风机24与地板12下的空间连通以将强制空气输送到粮仓(谷物仓)内部。
一伸长的滚动件26在其外端部30具有一轨道接合器28和一安装在其内端部32上的电动机31。一支架34固定在滚动件26内端部上且以任一合适的方法安装在谷物仓的顶部。
一伸长的流体管道38贯穿支承座36，而中止于旋转接头40。一阀42装配于旋转接头40上且适于打开和关闭旋转接头40内的流体通道。一流体管路44从旋转接头40输出侧伸出且与安装在支架48(图3)上的喷嘴46连接，支架48在介于诸推进螺旋钻支承架50之间延伸，推进螺旋钻支承架50则依次地安装在伸长滚动件26上。推进螺旋支承架50通过其上端支承伸长的推进螺旋钻轴52。推进螺旋钻轴适宜借助卷绕在其外表面的螺旋形刮板53来搅拌颗粒物料。一些滚轮54安装在螺旋钻支承架50上且与滚动件26啮合(接合)，起到与上述专利同样的作用。若干皮带传动器56安装在推进螺旋钻轴52的上端部且可通过一合适的动力源加以驱动。
参阅图4所示，一计算机58具有若干输入台58a、58b和58c，以用于接收诸如谷物仓内谷粒的现有的湿度，所需最后的(结束的)湿度，以及待加湿的颗粒物料的蒲式耳容量数或容积数等信息。计算机58还具有一计算装置58d，在计及(考虑到)颗粒物料数量、其湿度和最终混合所需水量之后计算装置计算待加到颗料物料中的水分的磅数。可启动计算机58，接着起动泵60，该泵可将水经流体调节器62抽送到流体管道38中。当泵运作时，被抽送的流体经支承座36而进入旋转接头40。如果将电磁阀42打开，流体就流过流体管道44进入喷嘴46，在那里，流体以雾化形式加以分配。若电动机31由检测推进螺旋钻轴52之一中的卡住(迟滞)的水银开关68而得以停转，那末电磁阀42将断开水流。旋转接头40使加水分装置可围绕谷物仓内部转动而不扭转管道38和44。
流体流动传感器66是一微型(Micro)Trak FM500型的流量传感器。传感器66将输入数据传送到计量器并将频率输送到电压变换器(图中未示出)。电流可反映电流流量。该流量可按操作条件加以变动。计算机则通过显示屏70(图4)持续地显示添加到颗粒物料的加仑数和电流流量。
计算机58调整流体调节器62以能保持所需的流量。调节器62为一旁路管和一阀。旁路管使过量的水从泵流回到容器64。阀通过计算机得以打开，以便按照要求给谷物仓的喷嘴提供较少流量。
当计量器80(图4)达到计算值后，水已经添加够了，泵60被关闭。
虽然诸附图显示在圆形谷物仓中使用本发明，但本发明的装置也可横越矩形谷物仓的宽度和长度而横向地移动。
稻谷在包装前需添加水分。本发明的方法和装置(设备)与费用较高的设备比较，能使稻谷以约5000元的成本就可很快和很容易地增加水分。因此，很明显本发明至少将达到所有上述目的。

Claims (10)

1．一种供谷物仓用的将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置，谷物仓的上部具有一伸长的支承轨道机构，其特征在于，所述装置包括一基本上水平的伸长支承件，一在所述伸长件外端上的轨道接合装置，一支承装置，该支承装置固定到所述伸长件的另一端并适于与所述谷物仓结构连接，以将所述伸长件的所述另一端相对于所述外端保持在一水平位置上，与所述伸长件连接的且用于使其绕水平轴旋转的第一动力装置，至少一对安装在所述伸长件上的、可用手纵向地移动的支承架，若干可转动地安装在支承架上的向下延伸的搅拌螺旋钻、可旋转地安装在所述支承架上且使所述搅拌螺旋钻绕垂直轴线转动的第二动力装置，若干安装在所述支承架上且靠近所述搅拌螺旋钻的流体喷嘴和与所述第一和第二动力装置连接的并且使伸长件旋转的控制装置，控制装置也与所述流体喷嘴连接，当所述搅拌螺旋钻正在通过所述颗粒物料移动的同时，使流体经喷嘴喷射在谷物仓内的颗粒物料中。
2．根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于所述支承装置是一旋转支承架。
3．根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于所述伸长件适于在水平面上绕所述支承装置旋转。
4．根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于所述控制装置是一计算机。
5．根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于一流体泵与所述控制装置连接以将流体源通过流体管路供给所述流体喷嘴和一在与所述控制装置连接的所述管路中的流量传感器可控制供给所述流体喷嘴的流体的数量。
6．根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于控制装置包括接收与谷物仓内颗粒物料的初始湿度、所需终止湿度和加湿的颗粒物料的数量管有关的数据的输入装置。
7．根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于所述控制装置包括计算谷物仓中的颗粒物料的数量、其现有湿度和为获得所需湿度添加到颗粒物料中的水的重量的装置。
8．根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于所述控制装置包括一当达到所述所需终止湿度时停止流体流动的停止装置。
9．一种添加水分到颗粒物料的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：将颗粒物料放置在谷物仓的下部；使间隔布置的推进螺旋钻绕纵轴线垂直转动；使所述螺旋钻以同心轨迹移动通过所述颗粒物料以及将水分喷射在靠近所述螺旋钻的所述颗粒物料的上面；确定所述颗粒物料的所需湿度，确定所述颗粒物料的数量；计算为达到所需湿度待添加的水量以及在达到所需湿度级别时停止所述水分的喷射。
10．一种供谷物仓用的将水分添加到颗粒物料中的装置，谷物仓的上部具有一伸长的支承轨道机构，其特征在于，所述装置包括一基本上水平伸长的支承件，位于所述谷物仓件上部的装置以可移动地支承所述伸长件且使所述伸长件保持基本上水平位置，一与所述伸长件连接的且使其相对于所述谷物仓移动的第一动力装置，至少一对安装在所述伸长件上的、可用手纵向地移动的支承架、若干可转动地安装在支承架上的向下延伸的搅拌推进螺旋钻、可旋转地安装在所述支承架上且使所述搅拌螺旋钻绕垂直轴线转动的第二动力装置，若干安装在所述支承架上且靠近所述搅拌螺旋钻的流体喷嘴和与所述第一和第二动力装置连接的并且使伸长件旋转的控制装置，控制装置也与所述流体喷嘴连接以在所述搅拌螺旋钻正在通过所述颗粒物料移动同时使流体经喷嘴喷射在谷物仓内的颗粒物料上。
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